第一篇：BEC真题
[填空题]Read this letter to the editor of The Economist.读这封信给经济学人的编辑。Sir-先生—
You state on February 13th that New Mexico has “few natural resources ”,......example...In 1991 New Mexico ranked fourth in the United States in production of natural gas , seventh in oil and tenth in non-fuel minerals(...1...E.the combined value of oil and gas production was $ 2.8 billion.石油和天然气产量的综合价值为2美元。80亿。)Non-fuel minerals矿物contributed about $ 1 billion and coal $ 509 million.Taxes from production of fuels and minerals, and lease payments租赁付款 on state lands 国有土地have been set aside 驳回by legislative立法的 acts to endow赋予 two permanent funds永久性资金 worth about $ 5.65 billion,(...2...)In addition, during fiscal year财年 1991 , payments to New Mexico from taxes on federal联邦的 lands联邦土地税 were S 108 million ,all earmarked for指定用作 public education.(...3...)About $566 million 5亿6 came from taxes and permanent-fund永久性资金 earnings attributable to oil and gas production.(...4...)Tourism旅游业 is an important industry产业 in New Mexico, yet its economic impact on the public sector部门 is dwarfed by 因。。而矮小that of mineral矿产 production.New Mexico came through the recent recession 衰退in much better shape than most other states.It does not have a deficit.(...5...)States that rely 依靠primarily on a sales tax or on an income tax 所得税have big problems during economic downturns经济衰退.Income growth per head 人均in New Mexico averaged 6.1/00 in the year to October 1992-one of the fastest growth rates in the United States.Charles Chapin 查尔斯蔡平Example :C 例如：C A.It has a broadly based tax structure an important point.B.In 1992 it produced more oil than Colorado and Kansas combined.C.However, the extractive mineral industry in New Mexico is one of the state's strongest economic forces.D.During fiscal year 1992 New Mexico raised permanent funds worth about $6.1 billion.E.the combined value of oil and gas production was $ 2.8 billion.F.Some 16, 000 employees work in the extractive industries and their wages are among the highest of any major industry.G.the $39 million earned by these funds in 1991 was used to finance education and other public services.H.Only S 25 million came from agricultural农业 taxes.I.New Mexico's extractive提取物 mineral industries矿产业 contribute about a third of the state's $ 1.9 billion general-fund一般基金 income in fiscal year财年 1991.参考解析：.1.E
2.G
3.I
4.F
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[填空题]Read these sentences and the three company plans below..Which company does each sentence describe描述?.For each sentence mark one letter(A ,B or C)on your Answer Sheet.1.The company has businesses in four continents of the world.2.The company has appointed a new manager in charge of medicines.3.New automobiles will be developed in its program centers.4.A reform is being carried out in its organizations.5.Goods for hair protection makes a lot of money for the company.6.It tries to be more ready to meet the needs of the customers.7.The company is made up of fourteen sub companies all over the world.A.FORD To save up to $ 3 billion a year, Ford is merging its manufacturing, sales, and product development operations in North America and Europe-and eventually in Lation America and Asia.And in a move toward a more horizontal organization the company is setting up five program centers with worldwide responsibility in develop new cars and trucks.1 B.IBM Big Blue is reorganizing its marketing and sales operations into 14 worldwide industry groups ,such as banking ,retail ,and insurance.In moving away from an organization based on geography, IBM hopes to eliminate turf wars and make itself more responsive to customers.C.BMS Bristol-Meyers Squibb is revamping its consumer business by appointing a new chief responsible for its worldwide consumer medicines business such as Bufferin and Excedrin.The 11, 400 million U.S.dollars drug company also has formed a new unit with worldwide responsibility for its Clairol and other hair-care products..收起解析
参考解析：.1.A
2.C
3.A
4.B 5.C 6.B 7.B
[填空题]Read this text.In most of lines(1-5)there is one extra word which does not fit in.One or two lines, however, are correct..If the line is correct, put a tick(√)in the space on your Answer Sheet..If there is an extra word in the line, write that word in the space on your Answer Sheet.Example: Most of the world's business in marine insurance is centred....√....in London though whatever there one other important markets....whatever....REQUIREMENTS FOR RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Ph.d.or equivalent in economics.In addition to the degree, applicants 1.beyond entry level must have to have post Ph.D.experience that 2.demonstrates strong applied economics background and analytical 3.skill for solving problems solutions;research competence in the area of 4.resources, microeconomic development.Applicants must be able articulate.5.have strong writing abilities, have ability to communicate well and that work successfully in a multinational research setting.Section B Questions 6-10.A Swiss student has written a piece of description of a new watch..In each line there is one wrong word..For each numbered line(6-10)write the correct word in the space on your Answer Sheet.Example : Your watch will be a masterpiece ,reflected your value....reflecting.....For more than a century any a half, Patek Phillippe has been known 6.as the finest watch in the world.The reason is simple that this 7.Watch is made differently.It is made by using technologies that 8.other have lost or forgotten.If a particularly patek phillippe 9.movement needs four years of continuous work to bring to perfect, 10.we will take four years The result will be a watch that is unlikely any other watches you have ever seen..收起解析 收藏
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3.solutions是多余,应删掉.solving problems本身就是解决问题的意思，在加上solutions解决方法重复。4.able是多余,应删掉.articulate口齿清晰，系动词后直接加形容词就可以了，不用加able.5.that是多余,应删掉.have ability to do sth, to后直接加动词原形，而且后面跟的不是从句，没必要加引导词。Section B 6.simple后面加冒号,去掉that 7.technology应改为techniques 8.particularly应改为particular 9.perfect应改为perfection 10.unlikely 应改为unlike.第3题笔记记录我的笔记(0)| 精选笔记(1).选择笔记标签：试题内容(1)答案解析(0)
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[填空题]1.You will be responsible for the operation of a computer system.2.You must be able to forecast what people will want to wear.3.You will be able to work with people from many different countries and backgrounds.4.You will have a qualification which covers two subject areas.5.It is necessary to have worked in this sector before.6.You will need to keep in contact with the headquarters of the organization.7.The advertisement emphasises the need to have a suitable approach to important people.A BUSINESS MANAGERYou will be responsible for our global business within specific countries and will have a good understanding of international distribution, possibly based on previous experience, plus the ability to work in markets that are highly varied in their culture.You will be fluent in a second language, be willing to travel extensively, and preferably have a degree.B DEPARTMENT STORE BUYERBased at our head office in London, you will select and order stock from our suppliers in Italy.You will need to predict fashion trends and build a strong relationship with our Italian office.You will have gained your buying experience in women's fashion and will hold a degree in design with a business studies component.C LEGAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATORAs head of the legal office, your work will include managing the office IT network, typing reports, diary maintenance and supervision of another staff member.You will need good organizational skills in order to keep ahead of a varied workload.You will be dealing with senior executives and government officials, so a mature and efficient manner is essential.D REGIONAL LEISURE SITES MANAGERYou will be responsible for budgetary planning, contract negotiations, local marketing and effective administration.You will communicate frequently with our main office using the latest technology.Your experience could be from any business sector but you should enjoy outdoor life and will ideally possess an estate management qualification..收起解析 收藏
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[填空题]Read the article below about stress management, and answer questions 13-20 on the opposite page.A Lesson In Stress Management Demands placed on us at work can often lead to considerable worry and discomfort.There are, however, ways of protecting ourselves from the stress we face at work.We interviewed Jane Collard, a consultant in stress management.1.In Jane Collard's opinion, stress is becoming an increasingly common feature of the workplace.Stress is a highly individual reaction, which varies considerably from person to person, and it is difficult for some employees to avoid it.Indeed, stress is regarded by many as part of the organizational culture of our institutions: it comes with the job.Recent figures indicate that time taken off work because of stress has increased by 500 per cent since the 1950s.Undoubtedly, changes in working conditions have led to greater pressure at work at all levels.With reductions in staffing, workloads for individual employees have increased.In addition, many employees are left worrying about the security of their jobs.2.On the stress management courses that she runs, Jane Collard tries to make the trainees realise that stress in itself is not harmful.Everyone needs a certain level of stress to enable them to feel motivated and to perform effectively.A complete absence of stress can be as damaging as overstress, since it can make people lose interest in their work, and even lead to depression.The difficulties occur when the amount of stress rises above a level which is healthy for a particular individual.If this happens, the effects are very obvious and the trainees are taught to recognize the signs.Stress may be expressed physically, for example through headaches and tiredness, or through emotional problems such as depression.A person suffering from stress may also start to behave differently, and can be difficult to deal with.3.While it may not always be possible to prevent stress, there are a number of ways in which it can be controlled.The first thing that the trainees learn is how to manage their time effectively.This involves, first of all, setting realistic goals for both the short and long term.Once this framework has been established, tasks are then prioritised on a daily basis.The trainees are also reminded that when they are under pressure the less important items should be left, and they should never hesitate to delegate.Everyone is encouraged to look at ways of reducing 'wasted time ', for example by grouping similar tasks together or dealing with items immedkiately.4.Jane feels that one of the most useful features of the course is that it enables trainees to deal with those demands or deadlines that they regard as unreasonable.They are encouraged to avoid being defensive, but at the same time they are advised not to be afraid of saying 'no'.They are asked to give reasons only if necessary.The training helps them to foresee difficult situations or unwanted demands, and they learn how to prepare themselves mentally.Everyone is encouraged not to get stuck in negative thought patterns, where stress can feed a circular sense of helplessness.One solution they discuss is to think of a more encouraging alternative for each negative message.They learn, for example, to remind themselves that nothing terrible happens when a demand is refused or a deadline missed.Life goes on.Questions 13-16 For questions 13-16, choose the best title for each numbered paragraph from the list below.For each numbered paragraph 1-4, mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet.Do not use any letter more than once.13 Paragraph 1 ______ 14 Paragraph 2 ______ 15 Paragraph 3 ______ 16 Paragraph 4 ______ A Higher stress levels among top managers B Coping with stress through a positive attitude C Time lost at work through sickness D Causes of increased stress in the work environment E Explanations for missed deadlines F Stress reduction through better organisation G Typical problems associated with stress.收起解析 收藏
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[填空题]A Lesson In Stress Management Demands placed on us at work can often lead to considerable worry and discomfort.There are, however, ways of protecting ourselves from the stress we face at work.We interviewed Jane Collard, a consultant in stress management.1.In Jane Collard's opinion, stress is becoming an increasingly common feature of the workplace.Stress is a highly individual reaction, which varies considerably from person to person, and it is difficult for some employees to avoid it.Indeed, stress is regarded by many as part of the organizational culture of our institutions: it comes with the job.Recent figures indicate that time taken off work because of stress has increased by 500 per cent since the 1950s.Undoubtedly, changes in working conditions have led to greater pressure at work at all levels.With reductions in staffing, workloads for individual employees have increased.In addition, many employees are left worrying about the security of their jobs.2.On the stress management courses that she runs, Jane Collard tries to make the trainees realise that stress in itself is not harmful.Everyone needs a certain level of stress to enable them to feel motivated and to perform effectively.A complete absence of stress can be as damaging as overstress, since it can make people lose interest in their work, and even lead to depression.The difficulties occur when the amount of stress rises above a level which is healthy for a particular individual.If this happens, the effects are very obvious and the trainees are taught to recognize the signs.Stress may be expressed physically, for example through headaches and tiredness, or through emotional problems such as depression.A person suffering from stress may also start to behave differently, and can be difficult to deal with.3.While it may not always be possible to prevent stress, there are a number of ways in which it can be controlled.The first thing that the trainees learn is how to manage their time effectively.This involves, first of all, setting realistic goals for both the short and long term.Once this framework has been established, tasks are then prioritised on a daily basis.The trainees are also reminded that when they are under pressure the less important items should be left, and they should never hesitate to delegate.Everyone is encouraged to look at ways of reducing 'wasted time ', for example by grouping similar tasks together or dealing with items immedkiately.4.Jane feels that one of the most useful features of the course is that it enables trainees to deal with those demands or deadlines that they regard as unreasonable.They are encouraged to avoid being defensive, but at the same time they are advised not to be afraid of saying 'no'.They are asked to give reasons only if necessary.The training helps them to foresee difficult situations or unwanted demands, and they learn how to prepare themselves mentally.Everyone is encouraged not to get stuck in negative thought patterns, where stress can feed a circular sense of helplessness.One solution they discuss is to think of a more encouraging alternative for each negative message.They learn, for example, to remind themselves that nothing terrible happens when a demand is refused or a deadline missed.Life goes on.17 Most people agree that the recent increase in stress is due to changes in ____________.18 The trainees are taught that the right level of stress at work is important for good.19 Trainees learn that one way of limiting stress is by deciding upon.20 One of the most important parts of the course is learning how to react to___ A levels of performance B shorter deadlines C employment practices D higher levels of sickness E unfair demands
F successful management structure G practical targets.收起解析 收藏
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[填空题]1.Others in his field think very highly of him.2.His ideas have spread beyond the business world.3.He felt that people should be able to enjoy their work.4.His ideas are more complex than they seem.5.He did a variety of interesting things before writing his books.6.His most successful book was written with a colleague.7.He is particularly skilled at forecasting important developments.8.Contact with the military was an early influence on his thinking.A John Adair Adair is the pioneering British thinker in the theory of leadership.He was the first person in the UK to hold a professorship in Business Leadership and has published a series of influential books on the subject.Despite his quiet appearance, Adair has had a colourful life, serving in a Bedouin regiment and working on an Arctic fishing boat!His initial interest in leadership came from his army experience and he used to lecture at the highly prestigious academy where British army offices are trained.He now works as an international consultant.B Edward de Bono De Bono is unusual among major gurus for two reasons: firstly, he was born not in one of the great industrial nations but on the tiny island of Malta.Secondly, his ideas have reached a wider audience than just managers, so that his books have become essential rending in many different disciplines.Most of de Bono s work has been concerned with the way human beings can train themselves to think more creatively.This apparently simple idea has resulted in 37 books and a highly successful career as a lecturer and consultant.C Peter Drucker Probably no other single thinker has done as much as Drucker to establish management as a serious area of study.Certainly, his fellow management thinkers consider him one of the founding fathers of the discipline, and his books and articles are quoted more than those of any other management writer.His first book was published as far back as 1939, yet he is still writing and teaching.His greatest distinction has been his ability to predict coming trends in business and economics.As a result, his ideas are treated with the greatest respect and interest.D Frederick Herzberg Although relatively few contemporary management students will have read his books, Herzberg s name is instantly recognisable to anyone who has studied industrial organisations.This is because the American psychologist was responsible for introducing the concept of motivation into management thinking.As a young man, Herzberg became deeply interested in mental illness and the human need for mental and emotional satisfaction.This led him to criticise the approach of many companies to job design, and to argue for the need for job enrichment to stimulate employees efforts.E Tom Peters The American s reputation was created in the I 980s by the spectacular success of one book, In Search of Excellence, co-written with Robert Waterman.The two were working together as management consultants and no-one expected their first(and only)book to end up selling 5 million copies worldwide!Although his ideas have been criticised, Peters popularity as a speaker and writer has continued to grow.So much so that Peters has created his own business to market books, videos and consultancy based on his work..收起解析 收藏
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[填空题]1.Genuine feedback would release resources to be used elsewhere.2.Managers are expected to enable their staff to work effectively.3.Experts are unlikely to facilitate a move to genuine feedback.4.There are benefits when methods of evaluating performance have been negotiated.5.Appraisals tend to focus on the nature of the face-to-face relationship between employees and their line managers.6.The idea that employees are responsible for what they do seems reasonable.7.Despite experts’ assertion, management structures prevent genuine feedback 8.An increasing amount of effort is being dedicated to the appraisal process.A Performance appraisal is on the up and up.It used to represent the one time of year when getting on with the work was put on hold while enormous quantities of management hours were spent in the earnest ritual of rating and ranking performance.Now the practice is even more frequent.This of course makes it all the more important how appraisal is conducted.Human resources professionals claim that managers should strive for objectivity and thus for feedback rather than judgement.But the simple fact of the matter is that the nature of hierarchy distorts the concept of feedback because performance measure are conceived hierarchically.Unfortunately, all too many workers suffer from the injustices that this generates.B The notion behind performance appraisal-that workers should be held accountable for their performance-is plausible.However, the evidence suggests that the premise is wrong.Contrary to assumptions appraisal is not an effective means of performance improvement-it is judgement imposed rather than feedback, a judgement imposed by the hierarchy.Useful feedback , on the other hand, would be information that told both the manager and worker how well the work system functioned, and suggested ways to make it better.C Within the production system at the car manufacturer Toyota, there is nothing that is recognizable as performance appraisal.Every operation in the system has an associated measure.The measure has been worked out between the operators and their manager.In every case, the measure is related to the purpose of the work.That measure is the basis of feedback to the manager and worker alike.Toyota’s basic idea is expressed in the axiom “bad news first”.Both managers and workers are psychologically safe in the knowledge that it is the system-not the worker –that is the primary influence on performance.It is management’s responsibility to ensure that the workers operate in a system that facilitates their performance.D In many companies , performance appraisal springs from misguided as assumptions.To judge achievement, managers use date about each worker’s activity, not an evaluation of the process or system’s achievement of purpose.The result is that performance appraisal involves managers’ judgement overruling their staff’s, ignoring the true influences on performance.Thus the appraisal experience becomes a question of pleasing the boss, particularly in meetings, which is psychologically unsafe and socially driven, determining who is “in” and who is “ out”.E When judgement is replaced by feedback in the true sense, organizations will have a lot more time to devote to their customers and their business.No time will be wasted in appraisal.This requires a fundamental shift in the way we think about the organization of performance appraisals, which almost certainly will not be forthcoming from the human resources profession..收起解析 收藏
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计：.共9人答过，平均正确率0%.课程讲解：.本题考查的知识点在《轻松过关一》第20页有讲解，与第28页判断题第18题相似；.参考解析：.关于员工评估和反馈的文章。一个组织内部的上下级沟通真的太重要了。第一题，说真正的反馈可以释放用在别处的资源。意思上真正的反馈可以让人腾出精力。答案是E段的第一句：When judgement is replaced by feedback in the true sense, organizations will have a lot more time to devote to their customers and their business。这题的意思还算比较明显，feedback in the true sense，就是genuine feedback，devote to their customers and the business,就是把资源释放在别的地方。第二题，说经理们是被期望着使员工工作得更有效率。答案是C段的最后一句：It is management’s responsibility to ensure that the workers operate in a system that facilitates their performance.经理们的责任，也就是managers are expected to，有利于他们的表现，就是enable their staff to work effectively。第三题,说专家不大可能有利于真正反馈的进程。答案是E段的最后一句：which almost certainly will not be forthcoming from the human resources profession。人力资源专家，就是experts。需要理解下这里的forthcoming的含义：willing to divulge information.(人)愿意透露消息的。专家们不愿意透露消息，也就是不能指望专家来facilitate。第四题，说商讨评估表现的方法是有利的。答案是在C段，有点分散。前面说The measure has been worked out between the operators and their manager。这个措施是在操作者和经理们之间拟定的。between the operators and managers，也就是评估表现的方法是被商讨了的。后面介绍的情况都是这个measure有多么的好：is the basis of feedback。综合起来，就是选项说的，商讨是有好处的。第五题，说评估倾向聚焦于员工和他们直属经理们之间面对面关系的性质。这个选项可能会弄的人一头雾水，首先得弄明白这里的面对面关系指的是什么。员工和直属经理的关系，就是上下级的关系，过分看重这个关系，那么在评估过程中就会有顾虑，谁还敢揭自己上司的短?所以这个句子的意思是说评估过程中有顾忌，无人敢说真话。答案是D段的这么一句：Thus the appraisal experience becomes a question of pleasing the boss。评估过程成了讨好自己的老板，说的就是这个意思。第六题，说员工对他们所作负责的想法听起来很合理。答案是B段的第一句：The notion behind performance appraisal-that workers should be held accountable for their performance-is plausible。这里的accountable就是负有责任。Plausible是貌似真实的，也就是seems reasonable。第七题，说虽然有专家们的主张，管理层的结构阻止了真正的反馈。答案是A段的这么一句：the simple fact of the matter is that the nature of hierarchy distorts the concept of feedback。管理层的机构，就是这句里提到的the nature of hierarchy，等级制的性质。这个单词在BEC阅读里常出现。distort，扭曲，就是选项里的prevent。第八题，说在评估过程中投入了更多的努力。答案是A段的这么一句，有点隐晦：Now the practice is even more frequent.This of course makes it all the more important how appraisal is conducted.这个句子是紧跟上文的，the practice指的就是appraisal。评估的更频繁，评估是怎么进行的显得更加重要。认为更加重要了(makes it all the more important)，就会投入更多努力了。综合起来，这些的意思就是评估过程投入了更多的努力。不太容易看出来。.第8题笔记记录我的笔记(0)| 精选笔记(0).选择笔记标签：试题内容(0)答案解析(0)
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[填空题]1.This company has been involved in diversifying its business activities.2.Although this company is doing well, it has a number of internal difficulties to deal with 3.This company has reduced the profits it makes on individual items 4.One statistic is a less accurate guide to this company’s performance than another
5.The conditions which have helped this company are likely to be less favourable in the future 6.This company’s share price has been extremely volatile over the last twelve months 7.This company is likely to be the subject of a takeover bid in the near future 8.This company’s performance exemplifies a widely held belief A Chemical Company Masterson’s interim pre-tax profits growth of 20% was somewhat inflated as a result of the income received from the disposal of several of the company’s subsidiaries.The underlying 8% rise in operating profits is a more realistic gauge of the company’s true progress.However, Masterson’s impending merger with Bentley and Knight and its appointment of a new chief executive should mean that the company will be able to sustain growth for the foreseeable fut5ure.The share price has varied little during the course of the year and now stands at ￡ 6.75 B Hotel Group During the past year the Bowden Hotel Group has acquired 77 new properties, thus doubling in size.last week the group reported pre-tax profits of ￡ 88 million in the first six months of the year, ahead of expectations and helped by a strong performance from its London-based hotels and newly expanded US business.However,there is still some way to go.Integration of the new acquisitions is still not complete and, while the share price has risen recently, major problems with integration have yet to be solved.C High-tech Company This time last year a share in Usertech was worth just over ￡ 1.six months ago it was worth ￡ 40.today it is priced at under ￡ 8.if proof were need, here is an illustration of how much of a lottery the technology market can be.But some technology companies are fighting back and Usertech is one of them.What has renewed excitement in the company is the opening of its new American offices in Dallas and its ambitious plans to expand its user base in both North and Latin America.D Building Company Renton’s share price has risen gradually over the past year from ￡2.4 to ￡ 3.8.The company has been successful in choosing prime location for its buildings and has benefited from the buoyant demand for housing.Whilst this demand is expected to slow down somewhat during the next year, investors are encouraged by the company’s decision to move into building supermarkets.Work has already begun on two sites in London, and the company is expected to sign a contract within the next month for building four large supermarkets in Scotland.E Pottery Manufacturer Milton Dishes has been through a shake-up over the past year.The group, which has been cutting margins and improving marketing, may post a small profit this year.The many members of the Milton family, who between them own 58 per cent of the business, have been watching the share price rise steadily and several are looking to sell.Trade rival Ruskin has bought up just over 17 percent of the shares and could well be spurred into further action by the signs of a recovery at the firm..收起解析 收藏
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计：.共4人答过，平均正确率0%.课程讲解：.本题考查的知识点在《轻松过关一》第20页有讲解，与第28页判断题第18题相似；.参考解析：.做BEC的阅读，可以先看看说明的第一句话，了解这篇文章总的讲的是什么：Look at the statements below and at the five reports about companies on the opposite page。有关5个公司的报告，介绍了这些公司的股价以及并购等一些发展策。很概，而且抢眼一看，内容都是大同小异，要在这些散而简要的信息中迅速准确的寻找答案，就需要对一些关键词格外敏感，好比表示程度（多和少，大和小）的形容词，还有类似increase和reduce之类的动词。这种敏锐捕捉答案的能力，只能在不断做题不断总结中积累。
第一题，说这个公司涉及到多样化它的商业活动。Diversify是关键词，原文中不一定要出现一个类似的动词，但是在意思理解上一定要严格从这个方向上找。多样化，就是不把鸡蛋放在一个篮子里。答案在D段，相当的隐晦：Whilst this demand is expected to slow down somewhat during the next year, investors are encouraged by the company’s decision to move into building supermarkets。这方面的需求（指housing）预计要减少，投资者被公司进军超市建筑市场的决定所鼓舞。也就是说，这个建筑公司原本是做housing的，在housing的需求下降时，转而开拓了supermarkets的市场。综合起来，就是diversify。
第二题，说虽然这个公司做的很好，但还是面临很多困难。这个好把握，所对应的公司一定是讲了一堆成绩后，来一个BUT或者是HOWEVER，说明问题。答案是B段，关键句子是：However,there is still some way to go.整个B段的逻辑就是，前面一堆成绩，然后以这个however引导的句子为转折句，承上启下，后面说明面对的问题，最后一句也很明显：major problems with integration have yet to be solved.第三题，说公司减少了他们在单个物件上的利润。关键词是reduce。答案是E段：The group, which has been cutting margins and improving marketing。这里的cutting margins就是reduced the profits。不过比较纠结选项中的individual item指代的是什么，估计是指pottery（陶器），因为这个公司是pottery manufacturer。
第四题，说对于公司的表现，一个统计数据没有另外一个统计数据准确。答案在A段，一开头就提到了两个统计数据，一个是interim pre-tax profits growth，另一个是underlying 8% rise in operating profits.认为前面一个inflated（夸张的），后面一个是a more realistic gauge（是个更精确的测量）。第五题，说曾经帮助过这个公司的环境在未来可能不那么有利。答案还在D段，前面说has benefited from the buoyant demand for housing（公司曾经受益于住房市场的火爆需求），但是这个需求在未来预期要放缓（this demand is expected to slow down somewhat during the next year）。选项中的the conditions which have helped the company，就是指的住房需求。第六题，公司股价在过去12个月波动很大（volatile）。答案在C段，开头的一段数字，相当的明显：This time last year a share in Usertech was worth just over ￡ 1.six months ago it was worth ￡ 40.today it is priced at under ￡ 8。由1变到40再变回了8，波动很大。第七题，公司在近期将成为一起收购案件的主角。答案在E段，绕了几个圈。先说Milton family的成员一共拥有58%的股份，有些人准备卖（own 58 per cent of the business, have been watching the share price rise steadily and several are looking to sell.），最后一句说对手Ruskin已经购买了超过17%的股份，并且针对这个公司复苏的迹象可能有进一步行动（Ruskin has bought up just over 17 percent of the shares and could well be spurred into further action by the signs of a recovery at the firm.）。自家的股东要卖，对手可能要买，综合起来就是这个公司近期可能会卷入收购案件中。第八题，说这个公司的表现例证了一个被广泛认同的观点。答案是C段的这么一句：if proof were need, here is an illustration of how much of a lottery the technology market can be.如果说需要证据的话，那么这就是高科技市场多么像彩票的证明。意思是股票市场经常大起大落，投机现象很严重，这个观点毫无疑问是被广泛认同的。此题要想做对还真需要一定的想象力，选项太抽象，太概括，无头无尾，而原文说的又很具体，没有一定的思维突破和转变还真不太好选。.第9题笔记记录我的笔记(0)| 精选笔记(0).选择笔记标签：试题内容(0)答案解析(0)
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[填空题]1.You will be responsible for the operation of a computer system.2.You must be able to forecast what people will want to wear.3.You will be able to work with people from many different countries and backgrounds.4.You will have a qualification which covers two subject areas.5.It is necessary to have worked in this sector before.6.You will need to keep in contact with the headquarters of the organization.7.The advertisement emphasises the need to have a suitable approach to important people.A BUSINESS MANAGER You will be responsible for our global business within specific countries and will have a good understanding of international distribution, possibly based on previous experience, plus the ability to work in markets that are highly varied in their culture.You will be fluent in a second language, be willing to travel extensively, and preferably have a degree.B DEPARTMENT STORE BUYER Based at our head office in London, you will select and order stock from our suppliers in Italy.You will need to predict fashion trends and build a strong relationship with our Italian office.You will have gained your buying experience in women＇s fashion and will hold a degree in design with a business studies component.C LEGAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATOR As head of the legal office, your work will include managing the office IT network, typing reports, diary maintenance and supervision of another staff member.You will need good organizational skills in order to keep ahead of a varied workload.You will be dealing with senior executives and government officials, so a mature and efficient manner is essential.D REGIONAL LEISURE SITES MANAGER You will be responsible for budgetary planning, contract negotiations, local marketing and effective administration.You will communicate frequently with our main office using the latest technology.Your experience could be from any business sector but you should enjoy outdoor life and will ideally possess an estate management qualification..收起解析 收藏
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..13 [填空题]Questions 8-12 Read this letter to the editor of The Economist.Choose the best sentence from the list A-I to fill each of the blanks.For each bland(8-12)mark one letter(A-I)on your Answer Sheet.Do not mar4 any letter twice.One answer has been given as an example.Sir, You state on February 13 th that New Mexico has “few natural resources”, ____ example____ In 1991 New Mexico ranked fourth in the United States in production of natural gas, seventh in oil and tenth in non-fuel minerals ____8____ Non-fuel minerals contributed about $ 1 billion and coal $ 509 million.Taxes from production of fuels and minerals, and lease payments on state lands have been set aside by legislative acts to endow two permanent funds worth about $ 5.65 billion, ____9____ In addition, during fiscal year 1991 , payments to New Mexico from taxes on federal lands were S 108 million, all earmarked for public education.____10____ About $566 million came from taxes and permanent-fund earnings attributable to oil and gas production.____11____ Tourism is an important industry in Mew Mexico, yet its economic impact on the public sector is dwarfed by that of mineral production.New Mexico came through the recent recession in much better shape than most other states.It does not have a deficit.____12____ States that rely primarily on a sales tax or on an income tax have big problems during economic downturns.Income growth per head in New Mexico averaged 6.1/00 in the year to October 1992-one if the fastest growth rates in the United States.Charles Chapin Example: C A.That it has a broadly based tax structure is an important point.B.In 1992 it produced more oil than Colorado and Kansas combined.C.However, the extractive mineral industry in New Mexico is one of the state’s strongest economic forces.D.During fiscal year 1992 New Mexico raised permanent funds worth about $6.1 billion.E.The combined value of oil and gas production was $ 2.8 billion.F.Some 16,000 employees work in the extractive industries and their wages are among the highest of any major industry.G.The $39 million earned by these funds in 1991 was used to finance education and other public services.H.Only S 25 million came from agricultural taxes.I.New Mexico’s extractive mineral industries contribute about a third of the state’s $ 1.9 billion general-fund income in fiscal year 1991..收起解析 收藏
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.[填空题]Questions 8 – 12 Read the following text.Choose the best sentence from the list on page 52 to fill each of the gaps.For each gap 8 – 12 mark one letter A – I on your Answer Sheet.Do not mark any letter twice.The Cash-free Society Imagine a society in which cash no longer exists, Instead, “ cash ” is electronic, as in bank-card Systems.Currency and coin are abandoned.____ example ____.Theft of cash would become impossible.Bank robberies and cash-register robberies would simply cease to occur ____(8)____.Purse snatchings would become a thing of the past.Urban streets would become safer ____(9)____.Security costs and insurance rates would fall.Property values would rise.Neighbourhoods would improve.Drug traffickers and their clients, burglars and receives of stolen property, arsonists for hire, and bribe-takers would no longer have the advantage of using untraceable currency.____(10)____ These prosecutions, in turn, would inhibit further crimes.In a society devoid of physical money, a change from cash to recorded electronic money would be accompanied by a flow of previously unpaid income-tax revenues running in the tens of billions of dollars.____(11)____ Cash has been the root of much social and economic evil.____(12)____ Eighty percent of Americans regularly use credit cards.The development of a federal system to handle the country’s 300 billion annual cash transactions in the United States electronically is within reach.Example: H.A.A national electronic-money system would operate as a debit-card system.B.Retail shops in once dangerous areas could operate in safety.C.As a result, income tax rates could be lowered or the national debt reduced.D.The use of cash has diminished substantially since World War II.E.Attacks on shopkeepers, taxi drivers, and cashiers would all end.F.The emergence of electronic funds-transfer technology makes it possible to change the nature of money and to divorce it from evil.G.Almost every present-day cash transaction can be duplicated electronically.H.The immediate benefits would be profound and fundamental.I.Electronic “money” would leave incriminating trails of data, resulting in more arrests and convictions..收起解析 收藏
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..15 [填空题]Questions 8-12 Read the text below about the management of documents.Choose the best sentence from the list on the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.For each gap 8-12, mark one letter(A-I)on your Answer Sheet.Do not use any letter more than once.A.These new methods of handling paperwork have already greatly improved efficiency.B.This would be a key way of improving white collar productivity.C.It will help them to make better use of all office employees.D.However, this enormous investment has not improved productivity as expected.E.Laser printers have many limitations, and photocopiers have few applications.F.Most technology has concentrated its attention on the first two of these stages.G.These figures are hardly surprising since documents convey nine-tenths of all information.H.Nevertheless, it is an important way to improve business processes and workflow.I.Since then, these machines have caused a revolution in the way we work in the office..收起解析 收藏
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..16 [填空题]Questions 8-12 Read this text about electrical power in Canada.Choose the best sentence from the list A-I to fill each of the blanks.For each blank(8I)on your Answer Sheet.De not mark any letter twice.One answer has been given as an example.ELECTRICITY: WEALTH, MONEY, POWER Canadian industries have prospered for more than a century on the country’s abundance of cheap, reliable electrical power.____ example ____.In fact, Canada consumes more electricity on a per person basis than any country except for Norway ____ 8 ____ Electricity is a significant source of export income for Canada.____ 9 ____ But in the 1970s , Canadian exports rose sharply to address the U.S.demand for cheaper and more reliable.In 1985, exports of Canadian electrical power reached 1,400 million US dollars ____.10 ____.Net electricity exports account for more than 60% of Canada’s balance of trade.Domestically, Canada continues to generate electrical power, primarily from water ____ 11 ____ Exports of electricity are now subject to forces far beyond the control of utility managers ____ 12 ____ Example: B A.Besides, electricity from coal and nuclear is 50% to 75% cheaper than many other industrial nations.B.Generated primarily by water, our power supplies have attracted and supported energy-intensive industries such as mining.C.It also ranks among the top three electricity producers in the world, behind the U.S.and Russia.D.Next to electricity, Canadian paper exports came to 900 million US dollars every year in the 1960s.E.Two large nuclear power plants began to generate electricity.F.Since then, electricity’ exports have declined but they have continued to exceed 700 million US dollars.G.Environmental and trade policies all influence electrical production and trade.H.Canada and the U.S.imported and exported power in almost equal measures after 1901.I.Therefore, the Canadian government has little influence on these forces..收起解析 收藏
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[填空题]1.Trying to negotiate is only worthwhile if there is the prospect of success.2.The best result of negotiation is when both parties have a sense of satisfaction.3.Accepting a lower fee might have benefits in the future.4.It is important to know how much other people are charging for similar work.5.You should ask for a fee in excess of what you expect to get.6.Offer the other party incentives to agree to your fee.7.Other people’s reactions to you are influenced by your body language.It may become obvious that you have come to regret a deal you have made.A You’re in danger of selling yourself short if you don’t know where the goalposts are, especially when you’re negotiating with a new client.Research the market and find out the going rate.You can do this by networking contacts or talking to small business advisers.Alternatively, ask the competition.Of course your rivals may not tell you, but there’s no harm in asking.Another prerequisite is learning to recognize when there’s scope for negotiation, because without it, you can waste a great deal of time and energy.B Know the amount you would really like, slightly above what you think they will offer and above what you’d be happy to settle for.Also, know your trade-offs.Create a wish list of all the things you’d like to receive if you lived in a perfect world.That way, if the other side want you to move from your preferred or opening position on an issue to a position nearer the bottom line, you can move in exchange for something from your wish list.C People who are nervous about negotiating over money often let fear tell them they’re no good at these discussions and not worth the fee.You literally can’t afford the luxury of a single negotiating thought.Stand up when making negotiating phone calls: it will make you fell more powerful.If you’re face to face, make steady eye contact, keep your head up and your hands still – these all suggest assertiveness, rather than aggressiveness or passivity, and you’ll be surprised at how much this affects the way that you come across in the negotiation.D You have to know the price below which it would be uneconomical for you to do a job.This could vary from job to job14
· Read this text from an article about health clubs.· Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill in each of the gaps.· For each gap 9H on your Answer Sheet.· Do not use any letter more than once.· There is an example at the beginning(0).Travel stress brings boom to health clubs
A rapid growth in business travel has provided a lucrative spin-off for British health clubs as companies try to prevent hard-working executives from suffering travel-related stress.Health clubs are fully booked throughout the coming months all around the country and many are planning to expand their facilities.0 H According to Gillie Turner, group marketing manager for the Champneys group of health clubs, during the last recession executives lost many of their extra benefits as companies cut back.9
She says that large companies also seem to have decided that it is no good sending someone to a country like Spain as a reward for doing a good job, because they will simply eat too much and flop onto a beach.10
Champneys, the company acknowledged as the market leader in this field, is now planning to introduce a special “Profiting from Stress” course, which will run over three days..11
Jonathon Stapleton, general manager of Champneys, says that modern corporate life being what it is, most business travellers find that they are having to do the work whichwas done by two.12
To meet this new demand, other health clubs are also thinking of introducing similar schemes.Clare Brandish, the sales and marketing director of another health club, has noticed a marked change in the clientele at her club.13
Businesses of all kinds are anxious to reduce absenteeism.14
Much of the problem is caused by long periods away from home, irregular hours, business entertaining and jet lag.According to the Guild of Business Travel Agents, sales of business-class airline tickets have risen by 12% in the past year, hotel bookings have gone up by 36% and car hire has risen by 24%.Dave Reynolds, the GBTA chief executive, says that the trouble is that the same number of people are being asked to travel more often.He comments that it is no wonder they need to take a break in a health club.A It has been calculated that about 40 million working days are lost each year in Britain because of stress, ten times as many as are lost 10 industrial disputes.B This has involved a considerable rise in the number of business bookings, whereas previously most clients came as private individuals.C Now they are being restored, as industry realises that the health of its executives is vital.D But who will benefit most from these developments?
E Because of the pressures this imposes, many companies have now decided that it is worthwhile paying for their senior executives to take a proper break and get advice on how to combat stress.F Executives taking part in it will be given massages and health treatments, workouts and a range of talks on how to deal with stress, especially when travelling.G So what s the reason for this now trend?.收起解析 收藏
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[填空题]Your Career Path Can Lead You AnywhereWe used to be advised to plan our careers.We were told to make a plan during the later stages of our education and continue with it through our working lives.(0)_____ some people still see careers in this way.However, to pursue a single option for life has always been unrealistic.Planning for a single career assumes that we set out with a full understanding of our likes and dislikes and the employment opportunities open to us.(9)____ For most people this degree of certainty about the future does not exist.Our initial choice of career path and employer is often based on inadequate knowledge and false perceptions.But with age and experience, we develop new interests and aptitudes and our priorities alter.The structure of the employment market and, indeed of employment itself, is subject to change as both new technologies and new work systems are introduced(10)_____ We must face the uncertainties of a portfolio career.It is clear from the recent past that we cannot foresee the changes which will affect our working lives.The pace of change is accelerating , as a result of which traditional career plans will be of very limited use.(11)_____ They will need updating to reflect changes in our own interests as well as in the external work environment.Flexible workers already account for about half the workforce.(12)______ We are likely to face periods as contract workers, self-employed freelances, consultants, temps or part-timers.Many employers encourage staff to write a personal development development(PDP)(13)Although some people use it only to review the skills needed for their job, a PDP could be the nucleus of wider career plan –setting out alternative long-term learning needs and a plan of self-development.A report issued by the Institute of Employment Studies advises people to enhance their employability by moving from traditional technical skills towards the attainment of a range of transferable skills.(14)Instead, special schemes should be established to encourage people to examine their effectiveness and to consider a wider range of needs.A.This dual effect means that the relationship between employers and workers has evolved to such and extent that we can no longer expect a long-term relationship with one employer.B.It carries an implicit assumption that we ourselves, and the jobs we enter, will change little during our working lives.C.This growth suggests that a career plan should not be expressed only in terms of full-time employment but should make provision for the possibility of becoming one of the.D.this is a summary of one’s personal learning needs and an action plan to meet them.E.Consequently, they must now accommodate a number of objectives and enable us to prepare for each on a contingency basis.F.However, it warns that employers often identify training needs through formal appraisals, which take too narrow a view of development.G.Such a freelance of consultant would be constantly in demand.H.We were expected to work towards that one clear goal and to consider a career change as a bad thing..收起解析 收藏
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计：.共3人答过，平均正确率0%.课程讲解：.本题考查的知识点在《轻松过关一》第20页有讲解，与第28页判断题第18题相似；.参考解析：.这篇文章是关于career-planning services的，职业生涯的规划问题。文章没有说一些假、大、空的话，句句都很实在，认为人不可能一开始就认清自己的职业方向，不可能一开始就清楚自己喜欢什么适合什么，一切都有一个过程。这些对我们都是启示。
文章第一段开头先说了传统的规划职业生涯的建议。最后一句很重要，揭示了下文的方向：However, to pursue a single option for life has always been unrealistic。这一句直接和第二段的空的内容挂钩。一生只追求一个选择是不现实的。第九空的后面说For most people this degree of certainty about the future does not exist.。这里的this degree of certainty是指代的前面的内容，意思很明白，说的是职业方向不会变化。选项中内容符合这一点的是B：the jobs we enter, will change little during our working lives.第十题。这一段讲随着技术的变化和新的工作系统的引进，就业市场的结构也会跟着变化。我们必须面对职业生涯的不确定性。很明显，第十空的内容说的是变化，关于employment的，满足这一个条件的选项是A：雇主和员工之间的关系发生了演变，我们已经不能指望与一个雇主保持长久的关系了。
第十一题，这一段是承接上文讲的变化。Change是重点，怎么样适应change。这一空的前面说传统的职业计划的用处已经非常有限（traditional career plans will be of very limited use），这一空的后面讲的是具体的适应变化的方法，用的动词非常明显，updating。所以从逻辑上看，这里填入一个承上启下的表示要变化的句子是最合适的。选E，accommodate a number of objectives，适应一些目标。
第十二题，前面说flexible workers已经占据了劳动力的一半。后面说我们已经进入了一个劳动力市场成分多样化的时期。空格填入的内容应该是和劳动力市场的这种转变有关。选C。C选项this growth指的是前面说的flexible workers所占比重增加，a full time employment和flexible workers是对应的。
第十三题，这题很明显，鼓励员工写个人发展计划（PDP）,后面就是介绍这个计划是什么。D选项，非常明显的答案。
第十四题，这一空前面说建议人们通过从传统的技能转向可转变的技能来增强自己的受雇就业能力（employability）。空格后面的instead很关键，常常说明前面的意思发生了转折。这一空的后面说consider a wider range of needs，考虑一个更广泛的需求。一个instead，一个a wider range of needs，正好可以和F选项里的However和too narrow相对应上。.第19题笔记记录我的笔记(0)| 精选笔记(0).选择笔记标签：试题内容(0)答案解析(0)
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..20 [填空题]Beyond paperwork The Danish electronics manufacturer, Oticon, is a leader in the move towards the paperless office, In their cafeteria a huge glass pipe runs from ceiling to floor.When the mail comes in, it is immediately scanned into the computer, shredded, and thrown down the tube to the general cheers of the employees.(0)Having all mail and memos available only as computer files to be read on the screen makes it easy to dispense with large physical storage spaces for people who work at desks(9)Changing over to the paperless office required a rapid increase in computer literacy, but rather than set up a corporate training programme they turned the problem over to employees.Eight months before the system was installed , they offered each employee a powerful personal computer for use at home in exchange for training themselves to use it.(10)The big change was not the move from paper memos to computer messages.Oticon realised that the more radical transformation is from written to verbal communication.(11)that adds up to a large number of face-to-face exchanges, a big improvement over memos and the occasional multi-hour sit-down consultation typical of the old culture.People do not send each other memos, they talk.As the CEO puts it, “ We have jumped through the memo wall and gone right to action.”
On the eighth of August 1991 , the company left their old wood-panelled offices.(12)Since then they have cut in half the “ time to market” on new products.The following year, sales and profits grew more than ever before.(13)in fact, despite a downsizing of 15 per cent employee satisfaction is hitting record highs.Oticon has created an organizational pattern that supports great freedom iof action for individuals and terms.They have tied it together with a minimum hierarchy.The first clear results to show up were in the greater efficiencies generated by the fact that less time needed to be spent on management activities.(14)they also have some investment in the success of the project they choose.Oticon has succeeded in breaking the mould mould and taking a lead in non-bureaucratic organizational design.A.This saving was possible because when people have real choice in the nature of their jobs, they commit themselves to being responsible for their areas of choice.B.They were headed for a new building and a new era in communication.C.Instead, they have large private areas on their hard disks for their correspondence.D.In spite of this, the physical office layout at Oticon is one of its most charming features.E.Over 90 per cent accepted , and they organized a club to help one another learn.F.To facilitate this, the on-site coffee bars have now become the venue for about twenty meetings a day, averaging ten minutes and 2.7 participants each.G.So, are people happy with the change？
H.Only about ten documents a day, items like legal contracts, escape this treatment..收起解析 收藏
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计：.共5人答过，平均正确率0%.课程讲解：.本题考查的知识点在《轻松过关一》第20页有讲解，与第28页判断题第18题相似；.参考解析：.《Beyond paperwork》，一个公司为paperless office所做的努力。第九题，在一段话的最后填写一个句子。第一段就是介绍这个公司的基本情况，当有邮件进来时，立马传到电脑上，然后传给每个员工。最后一空前面的句子说，让所有的邮件、备忘录等等只以电脑文件的形式在屏幕上被读取有利于为办公桌旁边的人省出空间。后面要填入的是本段的最后一个句子，所以内容是紧跟上面的内容说的。前面说省出办公桌旁边的空间，是好处，那么后面应该还是关于这种computer files的好处，C选项最符合这个条件：在硬盘上有足够大的私人通信区域。
第十题，也是这段的最后一个句子，紧承上文就是了。这段讲的就是这个计算机邮件系统建立了之后，怎么解决员工的适应问题。员工要想适应纯电脑通讯，还需要学习。第十空的前面说的是给每个员工一个个人电脑家用（这文章是不是很早了，收发个电脑邮件还要专门学习？？），而不是对他们进行培训。后面的内容应该紧跟着也是关于这个学习的。可能是这种学习方式的好处，可能是对这种学习方式的进一步说明。E选项最符合这个条件，其他的都对不上。因为没有专门的培训，是让每个人自己琢磨，方式特殊。E说的是90%的人接受了这个方式，同时还建立了一个俱乐部让每个人互相帮助学习。第十一题，这段是关于具体的转变的实现。最大的变化不是由纸上向电脑转变，而是由书面交流向口头交流的转变。要填对这一空，关键得看后面的一句：那大幅度增加了面对面交流的次数。从后面这个句子中的that可以看出，前面的空应该填入的是要实现从书面交流向口头交流转变的措施，实行了什么措施，才会增加face-to-face communication。选F：一天20次会议，一次10分钟，供人交流。
第十二题，这题答案是最明显的。前面说办公室搬迁。后面接着就该说搬到哪里去了，选B，headed for是非常明显的暗示。搬到了一个新建筑，同时也搬进了一个沟通的新时代。
第十三题，空格前面说公司利润在增长。空格后面说员工满意度创纪录了。中间要填入一个过渡句，因为并不是钱多了幸福指数就会上升的。选G，公司的一系列员工对这些change是否满意？然后后文揭示答案，满意度创了记录。第十四题，最后一段全是夸这个公司的，在组织模式上给了个人和组织很大的自由。这一空的前面介绍的是这种自由给组织带来的第一个好处（first clear results），说在管理活动上所花的时间少了，效率因此提高了。空格后面是第二个好处(also)，那么空格的内容就应该是对第一个好处的进一步说明。选A，this savings是很明显的，指前面花的时间比较少。A介绍的是能这么节省的原因。.第20题笔记记录我的笔记(0)| 精选笔记(0).选择笔记标签：试题内容(0)答案解析(0)
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[填空题]Learning by doing is familiar to every manager sent on a training course.Invariably this involves role-play based on studies of long-ago triumphs and disasters from a relevant industry ororganization.(0)_H_ The problem is, any experience of decision-making gained from role-play has one obvious shortcoming: it is not real life.To tackle this dilemma, some of the best-known companies have set up the International Management Development Consortium, which provides a range of executive development programmes for staff members.(9)____ What this means is that they involve ‘action learning’ through real-life situations, and participants work as problem-solving consultants on projects within companies engaged in day-to-day business.(10)____ Within this they also take training and refresher courses in traditional business skills such as finance, marketing, staff management and strategic planning.These disciplines are taught by a mix of academics, business people and senior managers from Consortium companies who also monitor the consultancy work.More than 100 of these consultancy projects have been undertaken so far, and many more are to come.(11)____ Generally, those who choose to attend the course come from various countries, reflecting the multi-national nature of companies within the Consortium.(12)____ As a result of this cross-cultural exchange, the people on the course learn a great deal from each other-and often keep in contact on a professional level long after the end of their course.The Consortium says language difficulties are not a problem when consultancies are undertaken for foreign companies on site.A translator is on hand to deal with difficulties which arise from technical terms or jargon.(13)____ This is because they are not charged consultancy fees, although a nominal sum is payable for administration.The funding for the scheme is provided by each Consortium member who contributes to the cost of running the training courses, and the amount involved is considerably less than fees charged by leading business schools.(14)____ ‘it is,’ says the Chairman, ‘a real learning experience with techniques that can easily be used back at work..’
A They are being offered by companies who are aware of the benefits of the range of knowledge offered by the people on the course.B As well as the savings, there are also the dividends it pays in the form of improved staff performance.C The difference between these programmes and the average executive course, however, is that these courses are based on the concept of ‘live’ consultancy.D In this way, participants can also benchmark themselves against the best members from a range of Consortium companies.E This means that within every training group there will be awide variety of experience, which is discussed and explored by the group.F Typically, groups of up to six course members undertake projects as part of this development programme.G Another major advantage is that these companies usually get their problems solved very cheaply.H Managers are typically cast as key figures in these dramas, the comparisons are made later between how they dealt with the fictional situation and the actual event..收起解析 收藏
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计：.共2人答过，平均正确率0%.课程讲解：.本题考查的知识点在《轻松过关一》第20页有讲解，与第28页判断题第18题相似；.参考解析：.Real training，关于培训的。传统的培训都是纸上谈兵，现在有了real training，可以实战。高级第二部分相对中级，文章难度大一些，答案信号也不那么明显了。
第九题，这段说建立了一个管理发展协会，提供一系列培训计划。第九空后面的信息很重要：What this means is that they involve ‘action learning’ through real-life situations。这意味着他们包括“action learning”，实际行动的学习。从这个句子中的what可以看出前面空格讲的是这个协会所提供的这一系列培训计划的特点，提供实际的演练。C选项最符合这一特点：这些课程是建立在实践咨询（live consultancy）的基础上的。第十题，第三段开头的一个句子，第十空的后面说Within this they also take training and refresher courses in traditional business skills，这里的within this很重要，从中可以看出第十空还是对这个training的内容的介绍。F符合这个条件：每个成员都要负责一定的项目，作为发展计划的一部分。Undertake projects，是培训的一部分，后面接着说培训的另外内容：also take training and refresher courses。前后文可以衔接上。
第十一题，开头一句话说一共有超过100个咨询项目被承接了，还有更多的在后面。这个题目比较明显，既然提到了被承接的项目，后面很自然会接着对这个项目的一些情况作介绍，好比项目的来源、特点等等。如果选项中没有符合这一条件的，就再参考后文。提供的选项中A是非常吻合的：它们都是被一些公司提供的。
第十二题，插在一段文字的中间，不上不下的。前面说的是选择了这些课程的人来自不同的国家（come from various countries），体现了跨国公司的性质。12空空格的后面说通过这种跨文化的交流（cross-culture exchange），参加这个课程的人可以互相学习。从后面的as a result of可以看出，前面12空讲的是参加这个课程的人相互交流、沟通的情况（cross-culture exchange）。所以选E：每个培训小组里都有被讨论和被探索的种类繁多的经验（a wide variety of experience）。
第十三题，最后一段，是具体讲的这个training的所有优点，包括很方便的解决语言障碍、便宜、有红利。第一句话说language difficulties不是个问题。后面接着说的是原因：有个翻译在手边。（A translator is on hand），13空的后面说他们不收取咨询费用，有个this is because是答案的信号，13空的内容肯定和不收费相关。G选项最符合这个条件：这个公司能够让这些问题很便宜的得到解决。Another major advantage是接着前面的翻译在手边所说的关于这个training的另外一个优势，cheaply则和后面的不收费相对应。
第十四题，这一空前面是在讲述这种培训的第二个优势(advantage)，就是便宜。然后接着阐述了下便宜的原因。这一段的最后一句，也就是这一空的后面是全文的一个总结性的句子：这是一个真正的学习经历，学到的东西可以很容易的用回到实际工作中。那么综合整段的内容，14空内容应该是紧跟着上文接着说这个training有什么优点。B符合这个条件。首先B的as well as the saving，是指的上面说的便宜，便宜才能有saving。然后提到这种training的另一个优势，就是有红利（dividends）。.第21题笔记记录我的笔记(0)| 精选笔记(0).选择笔记标签：试题内容(0)答案解析(0)
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..22 [填空题]PART ONE Questions 1-7
Look at the sentences below and the job advertisements on the opposite page.Which job does each sentence 1-7 refer to? For each sentence, mark one letter(A, B, C or D)on your Answer Sheet.You will need to use some of these letters more than once.Example:0 This post involves some secretarial duties.0 A B C D You will be responsible for the operation of a computer system.2 You must be able to forecast what people will want to wear.3 You will be able to work with people from many different countries and backgrounds.4 You will have a qualification which covers two subject areas.5 It is necessary to have worked in this sector before.6 You will need to keep in contact with the headquarters of the organization.7 The advertisement emphasises the need to have a suitable approach to important people.A BUSINESS MANAGERYou will be responsible for our global business within specific countries and will have a good understanding of international distribution, possibly based on previous experience, plus the ability to work in markets that are highly varied in their culture.You will be fluent in a second language, be willing to travel extensively, and preferably have a degree.B DEPARTMENT STORE BUYERBased at our head office in London, you will select and order stock from our suppliers in Italy.You will need to predict fashion trends and build a strong relationship with our Italian office.You will have gained your buying experience in women's fashion and will hold a degree in design with a business studies component.C LEGAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATORAs head of the legal office, your work will include managing the office IT network, typing reports, diary maintenance and supervision of another staff member.You will need good organizational skills in order to keep ahead of a varied workload.You will be dealing with senior executives and government officials, so a mature and efficient manner is essential.D REGIONAL LEISURE SITES MANAGERYou will be responsible for budgetary planning, contract negotiations, local marketing and effective administration.You will communicate frequently with our main office using the latest technology.Your experience could be from any business sector but you should enjoy outdoor life and will ideally possess an estate management qualification..收起解析 收藏 纠错.◆◆我的答案:您未作答.试题难度：.（难度：一般）.统
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..23 [填空题] PART TWO Questions 8-12 •Read the extract below from an article about the coffee industry.•Choose the best sentence from the list on the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.•For each gap 8-12, mark one letter(A-I)on your Answer Sheet.•Do not use any letter more than once.Coffee is worth approximately $50-60bn per annum in terms of world sales.It is a truly international commodity, and today more than 50 countries in the world grow coffee beans.(example)______I_____.ICO organization helps coffee producers and promotes coffee conumption worldwide.ICO estimates that world production next year will reach 97.5 million bags.11.3 million bags higher than the current year.(8)____________.As the largest producing country, Brazil is particularly important in the coffee world.In 1994 Brazil was responsible for 25% of world production, Colombia was next with 13.4%, Indonesia had 7.5%, Mexico 4.7%, Guatemala 3.8% and Ethiopia and Vietnam were equal with 3.4%.Coffee is a tough crop, and can be grown in areas where it is difficult or impossible to grow other crops.(9)However, disease is always problem for coffee production, as we can see in some parts of South America at the moment.ICO is active in educating farmers about avoiding disease and dealing with problems when they occur.The distribution chain varies from country to country, explains Pablo Dubois.In most countries the smaller farmers sell their crop to a local trader, who then sells it on to exporters.There are, however, other distribution systems.(10)____________.Some countries, like Vietnam, have special government marketing organizations for coffee.Coffee prices often vary greatly from one year to the next.In 1997, for example, there was a large rise in the world price, which was immediately felt by the consumer.Rising prices always result in a drop in sales, which will have a bad effect on those developing countries, which are highly dependent on foreign exchange from coffee exports.(11)____________.In the opinion of Pablo Dubois, the biggest problem for his organisation is to create greater consumer awareness of the different varieties of coffee and different ways of preparing it.(12)____________.ICO is therefore concentrating its promotional activities on Russia and China.It is also encouraging environmentally friendly coffee production, and last year's seminar on coffee and the environment created a lot of interest.The future looks bright for the coffee industry.It is estimated that consumption over the next few years will continue to rise steadily.New markets like Eastern Europe and China are expected to develop fast.A.As a result, the membership now represents 94% of all exporters and 60% of all importers.B.In some of these countries, this can amount to as much as 50% of all export earning.C.In North America, most consumers already have above average knowledge of the range available.D.For example, frost and wind are particularly damaging to coffee crops.E.Larger coffee growers, for example, frequently export directly.F.The main reason for this is higher Brazilian output as production recovers from weather damage to crops.G.It is cultivated in mountain regions which can only be reached by animal transport, and in other difficult areas where modern agricultural equipment cannot be used.H.This is because there is a demand for coffee in Germany, and it is also sold in the UK and in the US.I.This make the coffee industry fairly universal, according to Pablo Dubois, Head of the International Coffee Organisation(ICO), based in London..收起解析 收藏
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..24 [填空题] PART THREE Questions 13-20 Read the article below about stress management, and answer questions 13-20 on the opposite page.A Lesson In Stress Management Demands placed on us at work can often lead to considerable worry and discomfort.There are, however, ways of protecting ourselves from the stress we face at work.We interviewed Jane Collard, a consultant in stress management.1.In Jane Collard's opinion, stress is becoming an increasingly common feature of the workplace.Stress is a highly individual reaction, which varies considerably from person to person, and it is difficult for some employees to avoid it.Indeed, stress is regarded by many as part of the organizational culture of our institutions: it comes with the job.Recent figures indicate that time taken off work because of stress has increased by 500 per cent since the 1950s.Undoubtedly, changes in working conditions have led to greater pressure at work at all levels.With reductions in staffing, workloads for individual employees have increased.In addition, many employees are left worrying about the security of their jobs.2.On the stress management courses that she runs, Jane Collard tries to make the trainees realise that stress in itself is not harmful.Everyone needs a certain level of stress to enable them to feel motivated and to perform effectively.A complete absence of stress can be as damaging as overstress, since it can make people lose interest in their work, and even lead to depression.The difficulties occur when the amount of stress rises above a level which is healthy for a particular individual.If this happens, the effects are very obvious and the trainees are taught to recognize the signs.Stress may be expressed physically, for example through headaches and tiredness, or through emotional problems such as depression.A person suffering from stress may also start to behave differently, and can be difficult to deal with.3.While it may not always be possible to prevent stress, there are a number of ways in which it can be controlled.The first thing that the trainees learn is how to manage their time effectively.This involves, first of all, setting realistic goals for both the short and long term.Once this framework has been established, tasks are then prioritised on a daily basis.The trainees are also reminded that when they are under pressure the less important items should be left, and they should never hesitate to delegate.Everyone is encouraged to look at ways of reducing 'wasted time ', for example by grouping similar tasks together or dealing with items immedkiately.4.Jane feels that one of the most useful features of the course is that it enables trainees to deal with those demands or deadlines that they regard as unreasonable.They are encouraged to avoid being defensive, but at the same time they are advised not to be afraid of saying 'no'.They are asked to give reasons only if necessary.The training helps them to foresee difficult situations or unwanted demands, and they learn how to prepare themselves mentally.Everyone is encouraged not to get stuck in negative thought patterns, where stress can feed a circular sense of helplessness.One solution they discuss is to think of a more encouraging alternative for each negative message.They learn, for example, to remind themselves that nothing terrible happens when a demand is refused or a deadline missed.Life goes on.Questions 13-16 For questions 13-16, choose the best title for each numbered paragraph from the list below.For each numbered paragraph 1-4, mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet.Do not use any letter more than once.Paragraph 1 ______ 14 Paragraph 2 ______ 15 Paragraph 3 ______ 16 Paragraph 4 ______ A Higher stress levels among top managers B Coping with stress through a positive attitude C Time lost at work through sickness D Causes of increased stress in the work environment E Explanations for missed deadlines F stress reduction through better organisation G Typical problems associated with stress.收起解析 收藏
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..25 [填空题] Questions 17-20 • Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 17-20 with a phrase A-G from the list below.• For each question 17-20, mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet.• Do not use any letter more than once.Most people agree that the recent increase in stress is due to changes in ____________.18 The trainees are taught that the right level of stress at work is important for good.19 Trainees learn that one way of limiting stress is by deciding upon.20 One of the most important parts of the course is learning how to react to___ A levels of performance B shorter deadlines C employment practices D higher levels of sickness
.E unfair demands
F successful management structure G practical targets.收起解析 收藏
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计：.共8人答过，平均正确率0%.课程讲解：.本题考查的知识点在《轻松过关一》第20页有讲解，与第28页判断题第18题相似；.参考解析：.17.C 18.A 19.G 20.E.第25题笔记记录我的笔记(0)| 精选笔记(0).选择笔记标签：试题内容(0)答案解析(0)
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..26 [填空题] PART FOUR Questions 21-35 •Read the text below about job prospects at the Provincial Bank.•Choose the correct word A, B, C, or, D on the opposite page to fill each gap.•For each question 21-35, mark one letter(A, B, C, or D)on your Answer Sheet.Employment Opportunities for Graduates with the Provincial BankThe Provincial Bank is one of the biggest(example)____________ institutions in the U.K.With its 1,900 branches and 58,000 employees, it has(21)____________ a household name.Almost 4,000 of these employees(22)____________ managerial or executive positions.The bank has an outstanding(23)____________ of profitability, which has been achieved by introducing innovations at the same time as maintaining leadership of the(24)____________.The bank's comprehensive training programme concentrates on(25)____________ the most important skills that graduates need in order to(26)____________ early management responsibility.Trainees take responsibility for their own continuous self-development through visiting other branches and departments, and by(27)____________ courses in management skills.They also receive training in order to increase their knowledge of the bank's(28)___________.The bank supports(29)____________ of staff who wish to take professional examinations, and its Graduate Training Scheme is(30)_____________ to the nationally recognized Diploma in Management.Obviously the quality of its mangers is of(31)____________ importance to the bank's performance.It welcomes good graduates in any subject area,(32)____________ they can demonstrate the ability to influence events, and have the potential to(33)____________ both as leaders and as part of a team.Most graduate trainees join the Retail Banking division initially.Those starting on this programme will soon have the(34)____________ to work in other parts of the bank and can(35)____________ a varied and flexible working life.Example: A budgetary B fiscal C financial D economic A opened B entered C turned D become 22 A hold B do C keep D own 23 A career B catalogue C record D experience 24 A area B trade C record D market 25 A making B reaching C developing D heightening 26 A present B treat C deal D handle A observing B attending C involving D staying 28 A services B goods C creations D abilities 29 A colleague B members C people D persons 30 A qualified B combined C fastened D linked 31 A main B vital C necessary D superior 32 A therefore B thus C provided D only 33 A succeed B realize C gain D overcome 34 A choice B chance C likelihood D probability 35 A forecast B believe C suppose D expect.收起解析 收藏
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计：.共2人答过，平均正确率0%.课程讲解：.本题考查的知识点在《轻松过关一》第20页有讲解，与第28页判断题第18题相似；.参考解析：.21.D 22.A 23.C 24.B 25.C 26.D 27.B 28.A 29.B 30.D 31.B 32.A 33.A 34.B 35.D.第26题笔记记录我的笔记(0)| 精选笔记(0).选择笔记标签：试题内容(0)答案解析(0)
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..27 [填空题] Japanese McDonald’s
If you always thought of McDonald’s as an all-American company it, may surprise you to learn that the king of McDonald’s franchises is named Fujita and that he doesn’t eat hamburgers.____1____ By ignoring many of the customs of both his native and his parent company, Fujita has made McDonald’s the top fast-food business in Japan and has changed the face of franchising.McDonald’s came to Japan in 1970 searching for a Japanese partner with whom to create a Japanese McDonald’s.Fujita was far from the richest potential candidate interviewed, but he was an eager entrepreneur who seemed willing to devote his energies to the new venture.____2____
Almost immediately, however, Fujita began going his own way.The parent company recommended opening the first Japanese McDonald’s in the suburbs, where most American fast-food stores are located.Fujita had his own ideas.____3____ He got his way, opened the first Japanese McDonald’s in a department store in Tokyo, didn’t spend anything on advertising.____4____
McDonald’s learned its lesson from Fujita and has since opened inner-city restaurant around the world.____5____ While the Japanese seem fascinated with western styles and tastes, they often don’t think of themselves as consumers of American products.So Fujita’s McDonald’s franchises play down their American origins, to the point where, according to Fujita, some Japanese who visit the United States are surprised to find that we have ‘Makudonarudo’, as the Japanese say it, in America too.A.In fact, Fujita is unusual in many respects, and his uniqueness has made him very rich.B.McDonald’s took a chance and chose him.C.Fujita and McDonald’s continue to benefit from each other.D.Other companies might learn from the way Fujita marketed McDonald’s in Japan.E.Fujita likes to take credit for a rise in the average weight of his people.F.And within a year he had broken McDonald’s world record for one-day sales: $14,000.G.He thought the young pedestrians of Japan’s cities were more likely to give up Japan fish-and –rice diet for a hamburger than were the more traditional suburban dwellers.H.But Fujita himself prefers noodles to Big Macs.I.And the Tokyo McDonald’s that once caused an argument is now one of 500 that Fujita owns in Japan..收起解析 收藏
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..Read this advertisement about Fidelily Emerging Markets.Choose the best word to fil1 each gap..For each question(1-15)mark one letter(A ,B,C or D)on your Answer Sheet..One answer has been given as an example.The dynamic developing economies of the world are ripe with potential.Not only have they...example...extraordinary levels of(...1...), but we believe this looks set continue , backed by(...2...)inflows of foreign investment.Fidelity Emerging Mark, Fund is(...3...)to help you capitalize on this promising outlook.the(...4...)to real success in Emerging Markets is research and resources, of Fidelity's foremost(...5...)As the world's largest(...6...)investment management organization , we can draw upon a(n)(...7...)network of offices covering developing economies across Asia ,Latin America and Europe.This local presence means we can(...8...)a hands-on approach ,searching out a capitalizing on investment(...9...)as soon as they come to light.As a result, Fidelity I become one of the world's(...10...)names in emerging stockmarkets : where we(...11...)manage 5 pounds billion ? So act now to（...12...）out more about the Fidelity Emerging Markets Fund---and get the potential of these dynamic markets teamed with the strength of the Fidelity organization.For more(..13...), call us , free of(...14...), from any of the countries below.If you(...15...)elsewhere ,please use the UK number or post or fax the coupon.Example: A．denied B．climbed C．demonstrated D．mentioned Answer: C 根据以上材料，回答题.28
[填空题]A．growth B．decrease C．height D．diminish 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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.第28题笔记记录我的笔记(0)| 精选笔记(0).选择笔记标签：试题内容(0)答案解析(0)
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..29 [填空题] A．slow B．increasing C．reducing D．fast 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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计：.共24人答过，平均正确率0%.课程讲解：本题考查的知识点在《轻松过关一》第20页有讲解，与第28页判断题第18题相似；.参考解析：.B
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..30 [填空题]A．thought B．designed C．considered D．supposed 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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计：.共22人答过，平均正确率0%.课程讲解：本题考查的知识点在《轻松过关一》第20页有讲解，与第28页判断题第18题相似；.参考解析：.D
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..31 [填空题]A．road B．method C．reason D．key 查看材料.收起解析
..收藏
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计：.共18人答过，平均正确率0%.课程讲解：.本题考查的知识点在《轻松过关一》第20页有讲解，与第28页判断题第18题相似；.参考解析：.D
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..32 [填空题]A．words B．slogans C．ways D．strengths 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..33 [填空题]A．independent B．wealthy C．prosperous D．national 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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计：.共15人答过，平均正确率0%.课程讲解：本题考查的知识点在《轻松过关一》第20页有讲解，与第28页判断题第18题相似；.参考解析：.A
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..34 [填空题]A．intensive B．thick C．narrow D．extensive 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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....第34题笔记记录我的笔记(0)| 精选笔记(0).选择笔记标签：试题内容(0)答案解析(0)
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..35 [填空题]A．move B．apply C．reply D．demand 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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计：.共16人答过，平均正确率0%.课程讲解：本题考查的知识点在《轻松过关一》第20页有讲解，与第28页判断题第18题相似；.参考解析：.B
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..36 [填空题]A．situations B．disadvantages C．opportunities D．conditions 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..37 [填空题]A．few B．many C．honourable D．leading 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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计：.共17人答过，平均正确率0%.课程讲解：本题考查的知识点在《轻松过关一》第20页有讲解，与第28页判断题第18题相似；.参考解析：.D
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...12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..38 [填空题]A．currently B．formerly C．recently D．likely 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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计：.共16人答过，平均正确率0%.课程讲解：.本题考查的知识点在《轻松过关一》第20页有讲解，与第28页判断题第18题相似；.参考解析：.A
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..39 [填空题] A．look B．discover C．find D．learn 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..40 [填空题]A．news B．data C．information D．knowledge 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..41 [填空题] A．money B．pay
..C．fee D．charge 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..42 [填空题]A．live B．wait C．talk D．sleep 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..GETTING THE MOST OUT OF MEETING One aspect of business life which many managers are unhappy with is the need to attend meetings.Research indicates that managers will spend between a third and a half of their working lives in meetings.Although most managers would agree that it is hard to think of an alternative to meetings, as a means of considering information and making collective decisions, their length and frequency can cause problems with the workload of even the best-organized executives.Meetings work best if they take place only when necessary and not as a matter of routine.One example of this is the discussion of personal or career matters between members of staff and their line and personnel managers.Another is during the early stages of a project when the team managing it need to learn to understand and trust one another.Once it has been decided that a meeting is necessary, decisions need to be taken about who will attend and about the location and length of the meeting.People should only be invited to attend if they are directly involved in the matters under discussion and the agenda should be distributed well in advance.An agenda is vital because it acts as a road map to keep discussion focused and within the time limited allocated.This is also the responsibility of the person chairing the meeting, who should encourage those who say little to speak and stop those who have a great deal to say from talking too much.At the end of a well organized meeting, people will feel that the meeting has been a success and be pleased they were invited.They will know not only what decisions were made but also the reasons for these decisions.Unfortunately, at the end of a badly organised meeting those present will leave feeling that they have wasted their time and that nothing worthwhile has been achieved.Much together has been given over the years to ways of keeping meeting short.One man who has no intention of spending half his working life in meeting is Roland Winterson, chief executive of a large manufacturing company.He believes that meetings should be short, sharp and infrequent.“I try to hold no more than two or three meetings a week, attended by a maximum of three people for no longer than half an hour,” he says.“They are clearly aimed at achieving a specific objective, such as making a decision or planning a strategy, and are based on careful preparation.I draw up the agenda for every meeting and circulate it in advance;those attending are expected to study it carefully and should be prepared to both ask and answer questions.Managers are best employed carrying out tasks directly connected with their jobs not attending endless meetings.In business, time is money and spending it in needless meetings that don’t achieve anything can be very costly.Executives should follow the example of lawyers and put a cost on each hour of their time and then decide whether attending a long meeting really is the best way to spend their time.” 根据材料，回答题。.43
[填空题]What do most managers think about meetings? A.Meetings take up most of their working life.B.Meetings allow them to monitor decision-making.C.Meetings prevent them from establishing a routine D.Meetings are the only way they know of achieving certain objectives 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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[填空题] According to the writer, an example of a valuable meeting is one which A.allows colleagues to achieve a better working relationship.B.requires managers to discuss staffing needs with personnel.C.selects a suitable group of people to work together as a team.D.encourages staff to present ideas on improvements in management.查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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[填空题]According to the writer the agenda is important because it A.is seen by everybody before the meeting.B.helps to give direction to the discussions.C.contains items of interest to all those present.D.shows who should speak at each stage of the meeting.查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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[填空题]The writer says that people leaving a well organised meeting will understand A.the reason for their invitation to attend.B.how the decisions taken were relevant to them.C.the importance of proposals under discussion.D.why certain courses of action were agreed upon.查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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[填空题]What does Roland Winterson say about the meetings that he organizes? A.He aims to hold them on a regular basis.B.He ensures they have a definite purpose.C.He requires his managers to draw up the agenda.D.He uses them to make decisions about strategy.查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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[填空题]What is Roland Winteson’s opinion about meetings? A.They ban be a bad use of a manager’s time.B.Their importance is often underestimated.C.They frequently result in wrong decisions.D.Their effectiveness could be improved with better planning.查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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12345.精选笔记我的笔记.试题内容(0)答案解析(0).点击查看试题笔记（0）..Questions 15is it all steps forward, or are there a lot of sideways moves? And I am always pleased to find a family person with children, because in my experience they tend to be responsible and reliable.I never rely on CVs alone.We get applicants to fill in one of our own application forms.We ask why they've applied, what their aspirations and personal goals are, and also about their interests and hobbies and any clubs they belong to.That gives you a useful insight into their personality and lifestyle.The application form also enables us to test how much people have actually been progressing in their careers, because we ask for details of the salaries they have received for each job.It s always worth looking at CVs and designing application forms with great care.Taking on employees might be rewarding, but it is also a big investment for any business.Mistakes in choosing staff can cost companies dear, so it makes sense to spend time ensuring you get the right person.In the service sector, one of the aims of companies is to maintain and improve customer service, and this is achieved partly through low staff turnover.You need to take on people who understand that, and will want to stay.That s why, when you've taken staff on, the next thing is getting the best out of them.My management style comes from the days when I took over my first business, an ailing road haulage firm which I was certain I could turn into a profitable company.The first thing is to treat others as you d like to be treated yourself.As soon as I took over the business, I talked to everybody individually, and looked for ways to make sure their particular skills benefited the company.I didn't have much experience then of managing people, but above all I always tried to be fair and honest with everyone.As a result, I think the staff knew that and accepted my decisions, even if they didn't agree with them all.Also, bosses must be able to communicate.You also need to create team spirit, and build on the strength of the team.I explained my plans for the company to all the staff, and let them all know what I needed from them.The lorry drivers responded brilliantly, and were the key to turning the business round.They understood that we had to develop a professional reputation, and from then on the days of poor quality deliveries were over.Lastly, I am a great believer in profit-sharing.It takes a team to make a company work, so profits should be shared by all.Job satisfaction is important, but it doesn't pay the rent.Shared profit and bonuses help to strengthen team spirit by giving everyone a common goal that they work towards together..49
[填空题]What fact does the writer hope to learn from applicants CVs? A.that they have experience of many different jobs B.that their careers have developed steadily C.the opinion their employers had of them D.whether they are married or single 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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[填空题] The writer says the application form is useful because it A.reveals something of the applicant s character.B.gives information about the applicant s family.C.explains what skills the applicant has for the job.D.shows how much the applicant wants to earn.查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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[填空题] According to the writer, why are CVs and application forms so important? A.Interviewing people is an expensive process.B.They indicate whether applicants really want the job.C.They indicate whether applicants are efficient or not.D.Employing the wrong people can be disastrous.查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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[填空题] One reason why the writer was successful in her first business was that A.she was used to dealing with people.B.she was open with the staff.C.the business was already doing well when she started.D.the staff agreed with all her decisions.查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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[填空题] The writer believes profit-sharing is a good idea because A.it encourages a competitive spirit.B.everyone earns the same salary.C.everyone shares the same aim.D.it creates job satisfaction.查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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[填空题] Which would make the best title for this text? A.Profit-sharing as motivation B.How I turned a business round
C.People-the key to business success
D.The importance of a well-presented CV] 查看材料.收起解析 收藏
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第二篇：BEC真题
单项选择题
1、回答题：
Working in sales is one of the few areas where first impressions really matter Good sales people(29)__________to have the personality to get on with customers,Three years ago, Julian Agostino identified a(30)__________For matching(31)__________right people to sales jobs, and began Sales Moves, a recruitment fair, to achieve(32)__________He got the idea after he was(33)__________in setting up a telesales company and found(34)__________was, difficult to recruit good people.He says:(35)__________the sales sector is enormous, there appeared to be(36)__________specialist recruitment help.I decided to hold fairs across the country, which allowed employers and employees to meet.“ His company is doing very well.(37)__________ recently, most companies asked for graduates and offered the chance to go on to workin(38)__________parts of the company later on.Today, many are more interested(39)__________recruiting good sales people--high achievers(40)__________ career will continue in sales.A.need
B.must
C.should
2、回答题：
Read the article below about working in different sized companies.Are sentences 16-22 ' Right' or ' Wrong' ? If there is not enough information to answer ' Right' or ' Wrong', choose ' Doesn't say' For each sentence(16-22), mark one letter(A, B.or C)on your Answer Sheet.Choose Your Company with Care
Small is beautiful.That, at least, is the conclusion of new research examining how satisfied secretaries are in different sized firms.”We have found that people who work for small or medium-sized companies work harder and are more committed,“ says David Smith, author of one of the latest studies in this field.”The smaller the environment, the bigger the part you play as an individual and the more people notice your absence.“
However, smaller companies can be more flexible when it comes to working hours, and have better working conditions.But working for a smaller firm is no without its disadvantages.Career development in the form of courses can be limit.ed, but, on the other hand, employees often feel that they can learn more on the job.In fact, opportunities for promotion are the same whatever the size of the company.Smith also says: ”Our research shows that in a company of fewer than 50 people, employers can actually see what their employees are producing and ther give them bonuses as appropriate.“
The new research focuses on the number of secretaries employed in small firms.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Doesn't say
3、Read the article below about a self-employed Journalist.Are sentences on the opposite page ' Right' or ' Wrong' ? If there is not enough information to answer ' Right' or ' Wrong', choose ' Doesn't say'.For each sentence(16-22), mark one letter(A, B.or C)on your Answer Sheet.Sally Patterson, journalist Last year, Sally Patterson left her permanent job with a newspaper and is now a selfemployed journalist.Why did she do it? ”I had no control over my work,“ she says, ”and that mattered more to me than earning lots of money.Actually, leaving my job wasn't as difficult as I'd expected, because I already had plenty of contacts in the publishing industry.Unlike my last job, though, I'm mostly in touch with the magazines and newspapers I write for by email, and as I don't work in an'office, I may not see anyone for days.But that's a welcome relief!“
Isn't it hard being self-employed? ”The biggest danger when you become self-employed is saying “yes” to everything,“ Sally says.”I make sure I turn work down if I haven't got the time for it.And that's a question of planning: I spend an hour every week working out what I'm doing for the next few months.“
And what about the benefits? ”Well, at the newspaper I always concentrated on economic matters, but now I can choose to work on a wider range of projects than before.And being my own boss has made me feel more confident about the other areas of my life,too."
Sally left her last job because she wanted to make decisions about her work herself.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Doesn't say，简答题
4、In this part of the test, you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic.You have to choose one of the topics from the two below and then talk for about one minute.You have one minute to prepare your ideas.A.What is important when...?
Making a public speech in a business conference
Topic
Equipment needed
Type of audience
B.What is important when...?
Setting up a production plant in another country
Cost
Labor supply
Location
5、In this part of the test, you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic.You have to choose one of the topics from the two below and then talk for about one minute.You have one minute to prepare your ideas.A.What is important when...?
Planning a business reception
Cost
Entertainment
Hosts
B.What is important when...?
Manage a project?
Teamwork
Strict work schedule
Strong leadership
6、In this part of the test, you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic.You have to choose one of the topics from the two betow and then talk for about one minute.You hane one.minute to oreoare vour ideas.A.What is important when...?
Setting up your own business
Market survey
Fund support
Location
B.What is important when...?
Choosing a new career chance
Location
Salary
Development plan
7、You are going to give a brief presentation of your company's new product to your vitors Write a memo to your assistant, Mrs.Ding:
asking for the reference.saying when and why you need it.Write about 30-40 words.8、In this part, the interlocutor asks questions to each of the candidates in turn.You have tc give information about yourself and express personal opinions.(1)What is your current job?
(2)What do you do on weekends?
(3)What is the advantage of face-to-face communication?
9、Read this Dart of a letter from the manager of a conference center.Thank you for your telephone enquiry about conference rooms available forholding a sales training e.There is room available on 21 May 2011 can hold thirty people.possible.If this is suitable, please confirm the booking in writing as soon as Also tell me how many trainees will attend the course.Write a letter:
confirming the date of the booking.telling the manager how many trainees will attend.Informing him which conference equipment you will need.asking if your company will receive its usual 10% discount.Write 60-80 words.Do not include any address.10、In this part of the test, you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic.You have to choose one of the topics from the two below and then talk for about one minute.You have one minute to prepare yourself.A What is important when...?
Choosing a business-training course
Relevance to my job
Subjects covered
Cost
B What is important when...?
Trying to increase the sales of a product
Advertisements
Strict work schedule
Cutting cost
第三篇：BEC真题4
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/ This company reports not being able to pass on higher costs to its customers.2 The sale of part of a company has had an adverse affect on profits.3 This company's response to fluctuations in sales has not had the desired effect.4 Jobs have been lost because a company has ended one of its activities.5 There are fears about the impact of internal competition within the company.6 This company has reported contrasting results from different parts of its operations.7 This company has spent money on moving part of its operation.8 Efforts are to be made to turn around sales at a store.考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
A They are keen for graduates to make use of this innovation before they attend the fairs.B Graduates can take advantage of these to ensure that they know how to make the best applications possible in the weeks following the fairs.C The latter, only a few years old, has proved so successful that this year it has doubled in size: it now plays host to more than 40 employers.D In particular, it is those with technical qualifications who are most sought after.E After all, they may not have another chance to see such a huge range of prestigious employers under one roof.F The reason is that is where a 170-strong list of employers will be setting up their stands at the start of November's round of graduate fairs.G This enthusiasm means that the prospects for graduate job-hunters are excellent
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
at the moment.H As a result, they are getting bigger and bigger each time they hit the read again.15 According to the text, a company that has an action-orientated approach to management is likely to A accept that some initiatives will be more successful than others.B view staff in terms of their personal achievements.C emphasise the importance of staff input into strategy.D expect staff to work extra hours without remuneration.16 Which of the following does the writer consider a disadvantage of action-orientated
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
management? A It attracts people who are unreliable.B It focuses too heavily on controversial issues.C It gives out the wrong kind of message to new recruits.D It makes a questionable assumption about human behaviour.17 Unlike action-orientated companies, those who favour people-orientated management A keep a watchful eye on what their employees do, B are unwilling to tolerate errors of judgement.C are sensitive to individual differences.D see indecision as a positive feature.18 According to the text, which type of person may under-perform in a people-orientated company? A an intelligent person who lacks stimulation B a new member of staff who is keen to learn new skills C a new employee who is given a challenging role D an individual who learns less quickly than others 19 In the writer's view, the system-orientated approach is A visionary.B realistic.C uninspiring, D outdated.26 In a system-orientated culture, employees are A encouraged to share ideas.B not expected to criticise colleagues.C trained to focus on self-improvement.D not allowed to challenge company policy.考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/ A worth B value C asset D property 22 A turn out B make up C write out D show up 23 A detected B regarded C conceived D distinguished 24 A coincidence B similarity
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
C agreement D connection 25 A authority B command C advantage D preference 26 A joined B linked C associated D combined 27 A shift B fluctuation C motion D displacement 28 A profiting B capitalising C exploiting D benefiting 29 A reinstated B restored C replaced D recouped 30 A modifying B mending C refurbishing D overhauling
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/ Peter and Sarah agree that the purpose of their current assignment is to A analyse failed strategies.B evaluate existing strategies.C formulate new strategies.Z4 What aspect of the course is Peter impressed by? A the balance of theory and practice B the focus on individual needs C the expertise of lecturers 25 What feature of the course does Sarah find unsatisfactory? A group discussions B reading requirements C timetable arrangements 26 What does Sarah enjoy about her current job? A working as part of a team B having contact with clients C running a series of projects 27 In the future, Peter would like to be involved in A improving the quality of branded products.B planning strategies for creating branded products, C increasing the appeal of branded products.28 Sarah says the good thing about recruitment consultants is that they A facilitate, understanding of the jobs market.B maintain diverse contacts among potential employers.C encourage people to aim high.29 Peter believes that working from home would A lead to greater creativity.B increase productivity.C suit some people more than others.30 Peter and Sarah agree that businesses will be increasingly affected by A technology-based knowledge management.B changes in customer expectations.C regional differences in markets.考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
考试大 商务英语站点 http://www.xiexiebang.com/bec/
第四篇：BEC高级真题词汇
BEC高级真题词汇
Book 2
Test 1
Plc= public limited company公开股份有限公司
Non-executive director: give advice at a high level but does not have the power to make decision about the company非执行主管
Go about sth:to continue to do sth;to keep busy with sth从事，做，忙于 Customer-driven=customer-oriented以顾客为中心
Framework：构架；框架；结构
Real-life case study:实际案例研究
Feel up to: to have the strength and energy to do/deal with sth感到自己有能力（适合）（做某事）；感到能胜任（某事）
Drop in;pay an informal visit to a person/place顺便拜访
As it were: 在一定程度上
In good faith：believing sth is correct 真诚地，诚意的Dimension：尺寸，维度3D 三维
Expansion：（size）扩展→recruitment
Eye-opening: an event or situation that proves to be unexpectedly enlightening打开眼界 Get on: be successful in one’s career
High street retailer：商业街零售商
Premium：额外费用，附加费
Autocratic：adj.独断专行的，独裁的，专制的Enlightened: adj.开明的，有见识的Order book：n.(公司业绩的)订货簿
Itemize： v.列出清单
Lose out: not get what you wanted/feel you should have吃亏
Test
2At a keen price: 低价
Mailshot: 邮寄广告
One-off deal: 一次性交易
Pay off: 使得益，有报偿
Pay out: 支出，付出
Sign the renewal: 签订合同
Sort out: 分类，整理；整顿，解决
Personality profile：个性特征图解Profile:describe a person or organization, especially a public figure in short article简介 United Arab Emirate（UAE）: 阿联酋 Dubai City： 迪拜
Alteration n.action/ process of altering or being altered
Simultaneous adj.同步的Test 3
Panel专门小组，（专家）小组 Logistical 物流的，后勤的Instalment= installment 分期付款
Quarterly installment按季度分期付款 All round 周围，全部
Overdue延误的，逾期未付的 Move up the ladder晋升
Bottleneck瓶颈
Put(abilities/ skills)to better use更好的利用才能、技能
Ring the changes 做出改变
Trundle v.缓慢而沉重的移动，走 Interpersonal skills 人际关系技巧
Downside n.（尤指好的、令人满意事物的）负面，阴暗面；不利的一面，缺点 Out of one’s breath 气喘吁吁 In my defense 为我自己说句话
Unit 4
Specialist service专业服务
Prospective exhibitor潜在的参展商
Self-contained :(of a thing)complete, or having all that is needed, in itself（事物）完整的，一应俱全的Add-on 附加物品
Exhibition stand 参展摊位 Venue 会场
Enrolment= enrollment 登记注册
In situ = in the original/ correct place 在原地，在原来的位置
Demotivate使失去动力 Academic journal学术期刊 Context-sensitive 与环境相关的High-flyer= high-flier 抱负极高的人，有野心的人
In no time 立即
Working practices 工作惯例 Hand one’s notice in 辞职
Track record: the past achievements or performance of a person, organization, or product（个人、组织、产品的）过去成就（或表现）
Sign sb up 与某人签约 Electronics 电器
Leisure centre 休闲中心 Redundancy 裁员 Resignation 辞职
Secondment 临时调任 Head office 公司总部 Hands-on 亲力亲为的Plough back into sth 再投资 Advert n.广告
Run adverts登广告 Consignment 委托 Blown.打击 Volume of sales销量
Book 3test 1
accessories附件
mail order邮购 Spare parts备件 turnover营业额
momentum冲力，推进力
Strike lucky幸运
Cut throat(competition)残酷的竞争 Set about: start doing sth 着手，开始做 mindset观念，模式
allocate different people配置不同的职工 Specialist division专业分工 Customer base: 客户群 Sign off(a plan)批准 rigidity僵化
Pull off胜利完成Plough 不顾困难，继续坚持 Currency rate汇率 Share price 股价
Unstuck紊乱的，失灵的 joint venture合资企业
Slash(costs)大幅度削减（成本）
be running a bit behind 滞后
attack the problem狠抓，大力处理…问题 Look at different options 审视，考虑不同的选择 generate revenue创造收入 Clip修剪，剪去 regroup 重组
run a tight ship: 管理有方，严加控制
Plausible:(of reasons/ statement)seeming reasonable/ probable
Woolly: vague/ confused in expressing or character混乱的Get input 得到投入
Woolly thinking混乱的思绪 Top dog 头儿
Clash over sth 对某事持不同观点 Grim 灰暗的Sizeable: 相当大的 Payoff 结果，报偿 Move over 挪地方
Untried: 未经实验的；未经检查的 Faulty components故障部分 appalling: 可怕的，令人震惊的 appalling results 极糟糕的结果 Predatory adj.掠夺性的Core quality核心特质，核心优点 drastic action大刀阔斧的行动
Chain of command指挥层级
tried and tested method行之有效的办法 draw sb吸引某人
read between the line 体会言外之意
move sideways（工作，职位）平级变动 Contender竞争者
Pass sb a complaint向某人投诉 faulty goods次品
germane to sth: 与…有密切联系 Second-to-none 最好的 astute: adj.精明的basic brief：基本指令，基本命令，基本职责 bulk sales 整批销售
debrief v./ n.盘问，询问 reap the benefits获益
Pertinent adj.切题的，中肯的 On … front 在……阵线上，在……方面 grapple with 扭打，抓住
Test 2
a basket of 一篮子 revitalize使恢复生机
handover times 移交时间，交接时间 delivery liability 交货可靠性 Staff morale员工士气 Optimize最优化 muddled = confused Underperform表现不佳
electronic tagging电子标志追踪 Literature 资料 mill around/ about 闲逛
a full circle（兜了）一圈，回到原状 domestic markets 国内市场
navigate one’s way(round)找到正确的方法（esp.in difficult/ complicated situation）Pacific Rim：泛太平洋，Incorporate v.吸收，包含在内
Secure vt.弄到
Concrete agreement明确同意 relish v.enjoy greatly
get insights into 对……有洞察力，有了解 marketing angles
Customer base: 客户群
Staffing issues 职工的安置事项 database 数据库
Pinpoint offer 精确的报价 Phone operator接线员 Staff retention员工留用 Organogram组织结构图
Test 3
anecdote 趣闻，轶事
Consumer durables 耐用消费品 March issue 三月刊
Lose out: ①错过，未能赶上
②（在竞争中）失败，被取代
Freebie n.（公司提供的）免费品 gauge v.测量，估计
drum sth up:精心安排, 竭力争取 Newsagent 报刊亭
Sample v.（作为样品）摆出
Workshop 研讨会
brief sb v.(sb)be cut out for the job天生适合于干……
hold sth against sb因某人有看法 top brass（公司，机构）要员，高级官员 wastage损耗（量）
travel allowance出差补助，差旅津贴 caterer 提供饮食及服务的人 Pilotvt.试点，实行
Test 4
fade away 消逝
With(good)reasons 合情合理 Player 玩家
Undercut: 廉价出售
Catchment area: 服务区，集水区 Stock level 库存率
Promotional campaign 促销攻势 momentum 冲力，势头 fresh produce 新鲜果蔬
highly competitive sector 竞争激烈的部门 opening hours 营业时间 overdue 延误的dash off 匆忙写好……
inflate:(of cost.etc.)大幅增加，膨胀
put sb in the wrong 使某人成为犯错的一方 In the heat of the moment 盛怒之下，在最激烈的时候 agent’s commission 代理商的佣金/回扣 Sack 裁员，裁掉 do the rounds 巡视
answerable for 对……负责
Pool + n.:(of two or more people or
organizations)put(money or other assets)into a common fund 集中共用
Institute(a program/ system/ enquiry)设立，制定
Swap information 交换信息 Blow over 停止，被忘记 Booking agent（演员的）经纪人 Wide-ranging 范围大的，广泛的 Skills audit
Tread carefully in doing sth 小心行事 Stem sth 遏止
Push for sth 奋力争取…… Team system
Leadership group 领导团队 Be swamped with sth 充满……
In-depth: comprehensive & through 全面深入的Give publicity to sth 宣扬某事，公开某事 Incorporate sth 包含（信息）
At the mercy of 受某人摆布，在某人面前毫无办法
Broaden(sth)out: if sth broadens out, or you
broaden it out, it becomes more general or icludes a larger number of people or things拓Scrutinize: examine or inspect closely and thoroughly细查，详查
展；扩大；(使)数目增加
其他
Won 韩元
Firm 坚挺 Tick= 6 points Bund= bondounce= 1/16 pound= 28.35g Rotterdam 鹿特丹 Spot price 现货价格 Future price 期货价格 Yield 收益 FTSE 100富时一百
Dow Jones Average Index 道琼斯指数 Rally= recover 回升
Finish firmer/ higher/ stronger 上升 Shoot up= rocket 大幅攀升 Crash= plummet= plunge 重挫 Slip 下滑
from an …point of view
equally公平地，平等地，相等地 Having said that If you will
but at the heart of… lies Revisit 重新考虑 but again 然而 Under review If you like In principle
A tall order=a big task
Jump n.激增，暴涨；巨大的变化 muddling through 胡乱应付过去 Precedent 先例
Learning element学习的过程，学习单元 Feed into 输入，对……有影响 Exacerbate 使恶化
self-fulfilling 自我实现的，一定会实现的 Feed on into
Lift the economy out of recession Lift away from
Dispose of 用光，解决，处理 Accentuate 突出，强调 Trade-off 交换，交易，平衡 Rein back 勒马，后退
Perpetually 永久的，终身的Methodology 方法论，一套系统的方法 have a free hand on 在……上不受约束 from cradle to grave 从摇篮到坟墓，从头到尾
on offer 削价出售
From day one=(back)square onePlug= promote
streets ahead of 遥遥领先 hit 传达到，抵达 myopia 目光短浅 Little spotaddress 考虑
framework 架构，结构 tailor v.调整使适应 mechanics 方法，措施
membership scheme 会员制
第五篇：BEC真题
The Stars of the Future
A Existing management research does not tell us much about how to find and develop high-flyers, those people who have the potential to reach the top of an organisation.As a result, organisations are left to formulate their own systems.A more effective overall policy for developing future leaders is needed, which is why the London Business School has launched the Tomorrow's Leaders Research Group(TLRG).The group contains representatives from 20 firms, and meets regularly to discuss the leadership development of the organisations' high-flyers.B TLRG recognizes just how significant line managers are in the process of leadership development.Unfortunately, with today's flat organisations, where managers have functional as well as managerial responsibilities, people development all too often falls victim to heavy workloads.One manager in the research group was unconvinced by the logic of sending his best people away on development courses, 'only to see them poached by another department or, worse still, another firm'.This fear of losing high-flyers runs deep in the organisations that make up the research group.C TLRG argues that the task of management is not necessarily about employee retention, but about creating 'attraction centres'.'We must help line managers to realise that if their companies are known as ones that develop their people, they will have a greater appeal to high-flyers,' said one advisor.Furthermore, selecting people for, say, a leadership development programme is a sign of commitment from management to an individual.Loyalty can then be more easily demanded in return.D TLRG has concluded that a company's HR specialists need to take action and engage with line managers individually about their role in the development of high-flyers.Indeed, in order to benefit fully from training high-flyers as the senior managers of the future, firms must actually address the development of all managers who will be supporting the high-flyers.Without this, managers will not be in a position to give appropriate advice.And when eventually the high-flyers do move on, new ones will be needed to replace them.The next challenge will be to find a new generation of high-flyers.Questions 1-7
Look at the statements below and the article about the development of future business leaders on the opposite page.Which section of the article(A, B, C or D)does each statement(1-7)refer to?
For each statement(1-7), mark one letter(A, B, C or D)on your Answer Sheet.You will need to use some of these letters more than once.Managers need to take action to convince high-flyers of their value to the firm.Organisations need to look beyond the high-flyers they are currently developing.There is a concern that firms investing in training for high-flyers may not gain the benefits themselves.Managers need expert assistance from within their own firms in developing high-flyers.Firms currently identify high-flyers without the support of a guidance strategy.Managers are frequently too busy to deal with the development of high-flyers.Firms who work hard on their reputation as an employer will interest high-flyers.首先得搞明白的是这篇文章到底讲的什么。不用看具体内容，有两个地方直接告诉了。一个是题目说明的第一句话，另一个是正文的标题。从这两个地方就可以看出全文探讨的是公司未来接班人——也就是潜力股——的培养问题。
A段讲了TLRG这个贯穿全文的研究组织诞生的原因：现行的研究满足不了需要，于是大多数公司只能自己探索发掘接班人的模式；（即第五题的答案）
B段讲了直属经理（line managers）对于发掘接班人的重要性（真是干什么都要从基层抓起），以及经理们的一些疑虑；
C段讲的是接班人问题对公司的重要性，并且应该让院线经理们明白这种重要性；
D段是针对前面列出的问题，提出的解决建议，什么专家协助等等。
整篇文章分为四个部分，层层递进，有很强的逻辑性。拿这样的文章来做阅读材料应该是相对容易把握的。
题目解析：
图中蓝色的线为答案潜伏的地方。7个题干基本是将原文中的句子用另外的词语和句型表述出来，所以题干中的关键词都能在正文里 找到与之匹配的，比如第四题题干里的expert对应D段的specialists,第六题的too busy to对应于B段里的heavy workloads，第七题的interest对应于C段的appeal。
第一题说“经理们必须采取措施使潜力股们相信他们对公司的价值”，也就是要让潜力股们对公司忠诚，即C段说的creating “attraction centres”和loyalty。
第二题说“组织必须把目光投向正在培养中的潜力股以外的地方”，即D段最后两句话所说的寻找新一代的潜力股。
第三题和B段的最后一句话完全是一个意思：怕培养潜力股的投入收不回成本。
第四题说开发潜力股，经理们需要在公司内部得到专家支持。答案是D段的第一句话：公司的人力资源专家需要采取行动。HR specialists就是expert。
第五题说公司现在没有在指导策略的支持下辨别潜力股。也就是说公司是依靠自己来发掘人才的。答案是A段的第一句：现行的研究满足不了需要，所以公司只能形成自己的一套体系。
第六题，经理们太忙了，无暇顾及潜力股的发展。答案是B段的：Unfortunately, with today's flat organisations, where managers have functional as well as managerial responsibilities, people development all too often falls victim to heavy workloads.。不幸落在了高工作负荷的人的肩上。高工作负荷，也就是too busy。
第七题，看重作为雇主名声的公司可以吸引潜力股。答案是C段的这么一句：if their companies are known as ones that develop their people, they will have a greater appeal to high-flyers。如果公司是以开发员工而著称的话，将会对潜力股产生更大的吸引。以开发员工而著称（known as ones that develop their people），名声很好，也就是看重自己作为雇主的名声。
1、line managers 直属经理，业务经理
2、flat organization 扁平化的组织，即企业中的单层管理组织
对应的单词hierarchy等级制的公司
3、poach vt.(侵入他人地界)偷猎(或捕鱼), 水煮，剽窃，挖角
eg: A rival firm poached our best computer programmers.我公司的竞争对手把我们最好的计算机程序编制员挖走了。
4、runs deep 纯粹是想说一下那句著名的谚语：Still water runs deep静水流深。
5、fall victim to 成为。。的受害者
B段中的原话：People development all too often falls victim to heavy workloads.人员发展成为高负荷工作的受害者，也就是说经理们因为太忙而无暇顾及潜力股的培养，即第六题的答案。
6、retention 保留，在文中指留住员工。是风险管理中常见的专业名词。
Fighting Fit
Fine Fitness, the health and fitness club operator, announced an impressive set of results yesterday:(19)a 38-per-cent jump in annual pre-tax profits, the company claimed that it had(20)none of the problems(21)last week by its rival, Top Fit.According to Samantha Collier,the chief executive, Fine Fitness(22)strong and is on(23)to reach its target of 100 clubs within three years, its strategy unaffected by the apparent(24)down of the economy.The company opened 12 new clubs in the past year;(25)its total to 51.They have(26)to be highly successful, with people joining in large numbers, especially in the 25-to-40 age range.Even the more(27)clubs are still seeing sales growth, along with rising retention(28)of more than 70 per cent.This can be seen as clear(29)of the appeal of Fine Fitness.Ms Collier admitted that as there were(30)too many companies competing with one another;there would almost certainly be(31)in the health-and-fitness-club sector of the market She predicted that, within a relatively short time, there might be only about three major companies still in(32).However, she declined to say which these were likely to be.Profits rose by £6.3 million, although there was a fall in gross margins from 31 per cent to 28.6 per cent because of higher insurance premiums, extra management costs and start-up expenses for the company's new(33)in Spain.A Stating B Reporting C Remarking D Informing A taken B felt C experienced D caught A released B issued C opened D revealed
A stays B remains C maintains D keeps 23 A track B direction C way D line 24 A falling B breaking C cutting D slowing 25 A bringing B putting C getting D mounting A shown B resulted C proved D demonstrated A installed B formed C established D confirmed A rates B standards C proportions D volumes A witness B sign C display D evidence A purely B merely C simply D barely
A union B consolidation C alliance D combination
A trade B office C commerce D business 33 A trial B venture C proposal D speculation
文章介绍了一个经营健康俱乐部的公司的情况，依旧是形势喜人。
19题，一句话包含三个空，联系在一起做。昨天开会，宣布了一系列结果。报告税前收益增长了38%，公司并没有经历它的竞争对手所暴露的问题。19题选report，20题experienced，21题，revealed by its rival，被竞争对手暴露的问题。
22题，remains strong保持强劲;单看单词的意思，貌似keep也可以(不过说实话，如果不是有同学提醒，我压根想不到会填keep)联系此句上下文，提到了在对手出现问题时这个公司表现依然强劲remain在英文词典的解释是：continue to exist, especially after other similar or related people or things have ceased to exist 在相似或者相关人和事出现状况时仍然存在，所以，remain更符合这个题目的条件
23题，on track 步入正轨。公司正在实现目标的正道上。这个词在其他完型也出现过，不过不是正确答案。
24题，slow down放缓，固定用法。经济放缓。
25题，bring to，使总数达到51，这个题怕是要靠语感。put肯定不对，get to到达，mount在这里用法不对。
26题，proved to be证明是，固定用法
27题，这里填入的词要和前文对照，前面说新开了12家新的俱乐部，这里的空格前有个even和more，所以应该是填入与new相对应的词。established是已确立的(If you use established to describe something such as an organization, you mean that it is officially recognized or generally approved of because it has existed for a long time.)
28题，retention rate保留率，专有名词(Retained earnings divided by total after-tax earnings, expressed as a percentage)，指公司税后收益所保留的那一部分。
29题，公司吸引力的证据。clear evidence明显的证据。不选sign，sign只是迹象。
30题，simply修饰too many从用法和意思上都对，在这里就是表强调的，意思是公司太多了。
31题，consolidation强化、合并(To consolidate a number of small groups or firms means to make them into one large organization.)，有很多的公司相互竞争，所以需要进行一个整合。这是商英里的固定说法。
32题，in business在经营。是说很快这个市场上的公司会淘汰的只剩下三个。
33题，理解了venture的意思就不难做出选择，在这里是指商业冒险，也是商英地道说法。公司要在西班牙进行一些投机活动，因此增加了额外的管理费用。
The secret of success in electronic commerce lies in placing a new emphasis on a well-established area.That area is customer service, which is now the only point of(19)between a business and the buying public.There are a number of factors in a real-world shop that(20)people's perceptions of a business: these(21)the location and the appearance of the premises,the quality and the pricing of the merchandise or services’and the behaviour of the staff.However, if a company is trying to make a good impression with online customers,most of these factors do not(22)a part.In the(23)of these factors, the way customers are(24)when they have a reason to call has a fundamental effect on a company's ability to retain them as customers.Even more than regular telephone or in-person customers, web customers are impatient，easily frustrated and always conscious that they have other places where they can(25)their business.Preventing them from doing that means meeting them on their own(26)and providing them with what they want.This necessity, in(27)，means that companies that sell over the net must get back-end functions right.Imposing(28)requirements on customers will not work;a business that(29)on customers emailing for assistance instead of using the phone, for example, will lose repeat custom.If the phone is used, it must be answered(30), and the staff should look for ways of helping even the most awkward customers(31), as is more usual,trying to find some(32)to blame the customer for any problem.An important，final point is that it is vital that all addresses，web links and phone numbers work properly and efficiently.This ought to(33)without saying.Experience，however, shows that it does not.19、A relationship B association C.meeting D contact
20、A force B determine C decide D fix
21、A enclose B consist C include D contain
22、A get B run C play D have
23、A absence B lack C need D scarcity
24、A cared B treated C dealt D considered
25、A deliver B bring C move D take
26、A policies B standards C terms D conditions
27、A turn B sequence C line D order
28、A dense B rigid C deep D solid
29、A demands B insists C expects D instructs
30、A punctually B precisely C promptly D presently
31、A apart from B other than C except for D rather than
32、A case B excuse C fault D purpose
33、A do B make C go D come
我个人认为，完形填空这种题型属于BEC阅读里相对不容易把握的。其他几个部分多参照原文就能找到答案，而完形填空的答案有的时候靠分析是得不出结果的，因为会考到一些固定用法，而且是商务英语里的固定用法。固定用法一时半会是无法积累的。要想做好BEC里的完形填空，一是要掌握一定的解题技巧(比如排除法和猜题)，二是要培养商务英语的感觉。感觉的培养也有两种途径，一个是多读原版商业英语文章，另一个就是把历年BEC真题里的完形填空原文填上空缺的单词反复朗读。
这篇名为《电子商务成功秘诀》的文章主要分析了从事电子商务必须考虑的几个factor。重点考虑的是如何服务客户，不是在线的，而是电话。
19题首先考的就是一个固定的商务英语用法。Point of contact, 接触点。商业词典的解释：Person or a department serving as the coordinator or focal point of an activity or program.英文WIKI的解释：A point of contact(POC, also single point of contact or SPOC)is the identification of, and means of communication with, person(s)and organizations(s)associated with the resource(s).26题，on one's own terms,根据某人自己的主张。联系此句上下文，是说电子商务的客户不好伺候，得按照他们的意思来提供他们想要的。所以后面的28题应该选择rigid，僵硬的。意思是不能把一些僵硬的要求强加在客户的身上。
27题，in turn相应的;in sequence按顺序，依次;in line成一直线;in order整齐，秩序井然。
31题，后面的as is more usual是插入语，在这里完全可以忽略不计，联系整个句子的意思。是说员工应该想办法对付哪怕是最难对付的客户，而不是找借口去指责客户。所以应选rather than(而不是)。apart from相当于except for，除了„外(都),other than相当于except，除„以外。
32题，理解了上下文，应该选excuse。与fault相关的短语是find fault with 33题，go without saying固定用法，不言而喻的意思。
0 Regular meetings with clients are important to a healthy collaboration.They
00 may be set up by the client, for example to review with the progress of current
projects, to give new instructions that may have lead to a contract variation
or to discuss any concerns.The client meeting which can also be arranged 36 by you or another member of your company to attract from new business, to 37 address a problem unless that needs to be solved or to give an update or status 38 report on current business ventures.Your part is in these meetings will dictate
the kind of information you need and how you should prepare for them.If you
will be responding to questions put by your client, the material you present
should deal in specifically with the request that was made.The meeting should not
only move off the agenda without the permission of the person you are meeting.43 If you have prepared properly, you should be able to anticipate both questions and
to respond properly.If you are put on the spot and asked for details you do not 45 have, respond honestly-do not speak about matters as you are not familiar with.一般短文改错常出现的错误有短语搭配、语法，还有根据上下文含义选出不合适的词。所以想做好改错，要有一定的语言基础，还得从整体上把握整篇文章。
34题，如果这里有have，那么后面的lead应用分词形式led(may have done)，而且考虑这里的时态，并不是已经完成，而是表示可能导致的结果。所以去掉have。
35题，这里的which必须去掉，如果不去的话，这个句子就缺少谓语动词。
36题，attract是及物动词，后面不需要from。
37题，根据前后文的意思，unless是多余的。
38题，“your part...”这个句子里有两个谓语动词，必须去掉it。
39题是对的，不知会不会有人认为这里的how可以去掉。从语法上说how去留都行，但是从后面的意思看，每个人必须根据自己的角色来做准备工作，所以how必须保留。
41题，deal with是固定短语，in是多余的。
42题，从整个句子的意思和语法上看，only都是多余的。
43题，如果both要保留，and后面的内容就必须与questions并列，可这里and后面的内容是与前面的to anticipate并列，所以both去掉。
45题，后面的you are not familiar with是修饰matters的，as在这里很多余。
Look at the statements below and the advice to businesses on the opposite page about using other companies to run their IT services.1、the need to teach skills to employees working on the outsourced process
2、remembering the initial reason for setting up the outsourced project
3、the need to draw up agreements that set out how integration is to be achieved
4、addressing the issue of staff who work on the outsourced process being at a distant site
5、the importance of making someone responsible for the integration process
6、staff on the outsourced project familiarising themselves with various details of the business
7、problems being associated with an alternative to outsourcing
When a business decides to outsource its IT services, it needs to consider the question of integration.Four experts give their views.A.Gianluca Tramcere, Silica Systems
An outsourced IT service is never a fully independent entity.It is tied to the home company's previous and continuing systems of working.But despite the added responsibility of managing new ways of working, many businesses ignore the integration process.They fail to establish contracts that define the ways in which the two companies will work alongside one another, and focus solely on the technological aspects of service delivery.B.Kevin Rayner, Domola
Businesses need to build integration competency centres dedicated to managing the integration effort.It is critical to have an individual in charge to check that the external and internal business operations work together.Although companies often think of outsourcing as a way of getting rid of people and assets, they need to remember that, at the same time, outsourcing involves gaining people.Because there is a new operation being carried out in a different way outside of the home business, this creates a training element.C.Clayton Locke, Digital Solutions
Communication is the key to success, and outsourcing to other regions or countries can lead to a range of problems.For any such initiative, it is necessary to create a team where there is good, open communication and a clear understanding of objectives and incentives.Bringing people to the home location from the outsourced centre is necessary, since it can aid understanding of the complexities of the existing system.To integrate efficiently, outsourcing personnel have to talk to the home company's executives and users to understand their experiences.D.Kim Noon, J G Tech One way to avoid the difficulties of integration is to create a joint-venture company with the outsourcer.Thus, a company can swap its assets for a share of the profits.Yet joint ventures bring potential troubles, and companies should be careful not to lose sight of the original rationale for outsourcing: to gain cost efficiencies and quality of service in an area that for some reason could not be carried out entirely in-house.The complexities and costs of a joint-venture initiative should not be underestimated.Read the article below about the changing role of human resources departments.The best person for the job
Employees can make a business succeed or fail, so the people who choose themhave a vital role to play.Employees are a company’s new ideas, its public face and its main asset.Hiring the right people is therefore a significant factor in a company’s success.(0)G If the human resources department makes mistakes with hiring, keeping and dismissing staff, a business can disappear overnight.Many companies now realise that recruiting the best recruiters is the key to success.Sarah Choi, Head of HR at Enco pic, believes that thinking commercially is a key quality in HR.Every decision an HR manager makes needs to be relevant to advancing the business.(8)...C.....That’s no longer the case.HR managers have to think more strategically these days.They continually need to think about the impact of their decisions on the bottom line.(9).....F...For example,a chief executive will expect the HR department to advise on everything from the headcount to whether to proceed with an acquisition.Why do people go into HR in the first place? Choi has a ready answer.I think most people in the profession are attracted by a long-term goal.(10)....D......Nothing happens in the company which isn’t affected by or doesn’t impact on its employees, so the HR department is a crucialpart of any business.Not all operational managers agree.An informal survey of attitudes to HR departments that was carried out last year by a leading business journal received comments such as “What do they actually contribute?”(11).....A.....As Choi points out, salaries have never been higher and, in addition, HR managers often receive substantial annual bonuses.Despite the financial rewards, HR managers often feel undervalued, and this is a major reason for many leaving their jobs.(12)...E......However, a lack of training and development is a more significant factor.These days, good professional development opportunities are considered an essential part of an attractive package,Choi explains.A But rising levels of remuneration demonstrate that the profession’s growing importance is widely recognised.B At one time, a professional qualification was required in order to progress to the top of HR.C Other departments and senior executives used to see HR managers as having a purely administrative role.D Since it’s one of the few areas where you can see the whole operation, it can lead to aninfluential role on the board.E Being seen as someone who just ticks off other people’s leave and sick days does not help build a sense of loyalty.F They therefore need to be competent in many aspects of a company’s operations.G On the other hand, recruiting the wrong staff can lead to disaster.这篇文章的标题有些misleading，“The best people for the job”，还以为是招人的标准。其实这篇文章是关于Human resource的，所以还是要适当关注文章前的说明：the article below about the changing role of human resources departments.第八题，空格后面的“That’s no longer the case”是很重要的提示。由于空格前面一直在强调commercial和business，所以在空缺的地方应该是和另一个方面相关的内容。选项C的administrative role正好满足这个要求。前后文意思搭配在一起完全吻合。
第九题，后面的for example的很关键，是对前面的补充说明。“For example,a chief executive will expect the HR department to advise on everything from the headcount to whether to proceedwith an acquisition.”总裁希望人力资源经理对一切事情提出建议，从人数统计到是否进行收购。这种要求就需要人力资源经理具备很多才能。所以F的句子填在这里最合适。
第十题，答案稍微不那么明显，不过D句中的an influential role可以和第十题的空格后的a crucial part相对应，算是答案信号。要从整体上把握第三段，这里认为HR manager 的影响是全局的、长期的，所以D句的“see the whole operation”符合情况。
第十一题，理解前后文的意思，前面说过去的operational managers不那么认可HR manager的作用，后面指出HR managers挣得多，所以中间是转折的意思。A句的But是个信号，“上涨的薪酬水平意味着这个职位逐渐增加的重要性得到了广泛的认可。”意思和前后都吻合，所以是正确答案。
第十二题，空格前说HR managers觉得自己的作用被低估了，所以leaving。空格后一个However，所以空格处应该还是和leaving有关的，为什么离职。E句的意思是“被视作仅仅对别人的离开和生病的日子划勾的人是没法帮助建立忠诚感的。”填入此处正好。
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