第一篇：BEC中级口语真题
剑桥商务英语（BEC）中级口语考试试题
口语考试分为三部分：
第一阶段：考官和考生交流，时间大约3分钟Example 1.Q：What’s your name? A：My name is(Kate)(注：括号内的为参考答案).Q：Where are you from? A：I come from(JiangSu Province)3.Q：Are you a student or worker?
A：I am a(student/worker)
要点:：以上问题，只要你简单阐述就行了，不要长篇大论，而且老师问什么，你回答什么，千万不要拖泥带水。
Exercise:(每人问两个问题和答两个问题)
1、What is your major?
2、Which course do you like best?
3、Why do you study English?
4、Ｄo you like doing business? Why?
第二阶段：时间大概6分钟，每个考生分别发给一张带有三个不同题目的卡片，每个考生的题目都是不同的。考生需要从三个题目中选择一个题目，准备一分种，然后根据题目的要求他和提示作一分种的简短发言。
Ｅxercise :(以下问题三选一，每人陈述一分钟，并把你要讲的内容写在作业本上。)
1、Selecting a business magazine，which is more important?
Cost
Content ２、Choosing software, which is more important?
Potential benefit
Hard disk
３、For the manager , which experience is more important?
Experience
Education background
要点：第二部分让你从三个题中选一个，要一直连续不断的说，直到老师叫你停为止。高分需要说的有层次，不老是颠来倒去那几句话，需要词汇丰富。你和搭档是不同的两份试题。
第三阶段考试时间大概5分钟，老师会给你和你搭档一个大题，上面是有一个题目的背景和两到三个问题，30秒钟的准备后进行2分钟的讨论。
(以下内容为二选一，每个对话内容在２分钟以上，直接讲，不用手写作业)1.The retail company is planning to open a new branch
Discuss the situation together and decide:
Q: A)What the company should consider when choosing a site?
B)How should the company advertise the opening of the new store?
2.Your company is organizing a conference for the sales mangers working in its office around the world.Discuss the situation together and decide:
Q: A)What information will you need to send the sales manager before the conference?
B)What activities you could organize to help people to get know each other better?
要点：3分钟讨论，不要出现冷场，先就两个问题进行讨论，如果你觉得没话说了，可说一些与问题或背景相关的内容，但不要本末倒置了，两个问题是核心谈话内容。另外，3分钟谈论结束后，老师会提两个问题，最好是每人回答一个，如果你一个都不回答，那么你在这个环节上是会扣分的。
第二篇：BEC真题口语总结
第四辑
TEST1 ： Part 2:
1、marketing
importance of advertising slogans in promoting a brand or product..广告标语对宣传品牌和产品的重要性
2、information management
importance of keeping staff informed about company policies and plans
让员工了解公司政策和计划的重要性
3、purchasing
how to achieve and maintain good relations with all suppliers
怎样取得和保持和供应商的良好关系
Part3: your company proposing send a team of staff abroad six months to set up an office and train local employees.Recommendations for that.公司拟派员工出国开设分公司或机构培训当地员工，提建议。
1、how to select appropriate staff to manage the project
怎样选择合适的员工
2、what preparation and advice the staff would need before leaving
员工出发前应该做哪些准备，得到什么建议
Follow: 在国外短期工作有什么优势，在国外工作会遇到什么问题，在国外工作怎么获得信息，国际交流频繁对公司运作的影响，公司在国外开分机构多重要
TEST2 Part 2:
1、Time management: the importance of planning work time effectively.有效安排工作时间的重要性
2、project development: how to ensure inter-departmental co-operation on new project
怎样确保各部门之间在新项目中的合作
3、purchasing: how to evaluate and select new projects
怎样评估和选择新项目
Part 3: finance director of your company is concerned that the majority of its income comes from one main client.recommendations on expanding customer base.财务主管担心主要收入来自一个大客户，所以想扩大客户群
1、what the potential dangers are of having only one main client 只有一个大客户的潜在危险
2、how the company could try to gain additional clients
公司怎样才能拉到客户
Follow :一个相对较小的客户群的好处，除了好的客服以外怎么才能巩固和客 户之间的关系，跨国企业怎么长期让客户高度满意，怎样应对日益激烈的竞争
TEST 3 Part 2:
1、Product promotion
how to make effective use of the media when promoting a new product or service.怎样有效利用媒体对新产品和服务进行宣传
2、Information management
importance of an effective internal communication system in a company.一个有效的内部交流机制的重要性
3、Technology
the factors involved in assessing the cost-effectiveness of new technology
对新技术成本有效控制的因素
Part 3: Pharmaceutical company you work for keen to participate in an international conference abroad.recommendations about participation.你工作的医药公司想出国参与一个国际会议，提建议
1、how to select staffs to represent the company at the conference.怎样选择员工
2、what practical arrangements should be made before the meeting.会前准备
Follow:是否愿意参加国际商贸会议，国际会议对公司有公司有什么好处，对员工有什么好处，对举办城市有什么好处，你认为会议对商务交流有持续影响吗
TEST 4 Part 2:
1、Personal skills
how to motivate employees to achieve their full potential 怎样激励员工发挥潜能
2、Project management
Importance of teamwork for effective management of a project 团队工作队项目有效管理的重要性
3、Health and safety
how to develop a responsible attitude among staff to it 怎么树立员工对健康安全负责的态度
Part 3:
1、your company has been invited to take in a trade fair, which will take place during the busiest time of the year.You have been asked to decide if staff should be there.公司应邀在一年中最忙的时候参加交易会，决定去不去
1、what the advantages and disadvantages are of attending it.去的有利和不利方面
2、which members of staff would most usefully represent a company at it.哪些员工最能代表公司参会
Follow:参会有趣吗，参展公司怎么布置展台吸引游客，对展会来说最合适的产品和服务是什么，有哪些将公司产品推向国际的其他方法，交易会对当地就业有多重要
第三辑 TEST1 Part 2:
1、Customer relations
importance to a company of reliable customer opinions of products
顾客对产品的信赖对公司的重要性
2、Staff development
importance to a company of developing effective career plans for staff
对员工进行有效的职业规划对公司的重要性
3、Business strategy
how to maintain the confidence of company shareholders
怎么样保持股东信心
Part 3:
Your company’s location in a busy city centre means the staff often complain about the time taken to get to work.Recommendations.公司位置在市中心，员工抱怨上下班时间，建议
1、whether it would be better for staff to use public or private transport.乘坐私人或者公共交通工具是否更好
2、what the effects might be of allowing staff to work flexible hours 让员工灵活安排工作时间有什么影响
Follow:你愿意每天花很长时间上下班吗，公司是否给予交通补贴，什么会影响公司选址在市中心的决定，科技对今后人们工作地点的影响，改变员工工作时间和地点会带来哪些长远的影响
TEST 2 Part 2:
1、Quality control
importance to a company of monitoring the quality of its goods and services 对产品和服务监控的重要性
2、Information management
how to ensure information is managed effectively
怎样确保信息管理的有效性
3、Financial planning
the factors involved in deciding on appropriate pricing strategies 要制定合理的价格策略要考虑哪些因素
Part 3:
Your company is about to take over another company and keen to encourage staff from both companies to work together effectively.Prepare proposal for team building
接管另一个公司，要让两个公司员工在一起有效工作，建议
1、what kinds of work projects and leisure activities would be suitable to encourage teamwork
什么工作项目和业余活动能促进团队合作
2、what kinds effective teamwork could bring to the company.团队合作的好处 Follow:在一个好的团队中个人所获的益处，一个工作团队最好多少人，你认为公司既需要个人主义者还需要团队工作者吗，让全体员工作为一个整体融洽工作是所有员工或者说是公司的责任吗，对公司进行长远规划时应该对团队打造做多远的考虑
TEST3 Part 2:
1、Staff relations
importance to provide a range of facilities for all staffs
公司对员工提供设施的重要性
2、Technology
importance to regularly upgrade its technological equipment
经常升级技术设备的重要性
3、Strategic planning
factors involved in managing change effectively
有效的应变管理要考虑哪些因素
Part 3:
Company is considering funding a regional educational project for 16-18 years old students interested in following a business course.recommendations for the schemes.公司投资当地教育，让有兴趣的年轻人学习企业课程，建议
1、how the project could be used to promote the name of the company
怎么利用这个项目宣传公司品牌
2、how to monitor the progress and outcomes of the project
怎么检测这个项目的结果和进展
Follow: 什么方法更能广泛传播公司品牌，公司怎样选择年轻人来这个教育投资项目，参加培训项目对年轻人有什么好处，公司对教育项目的投入重要吗，国家范围内对商业人士的培训有多重要
TEST 4 Part 2:
1、Customer service
importance of providing effective after-services for customer
售后服务的重要性
2、Purchasing
importance of maintaining personal contact with potential suppliers
和供应商保持联系的重要性
3、Recruitment
how to ensure that the advertising of job vacancies is effective
怎样保证对空余职位的广告宣传有效性
Part 3: Your branch has been identified as having the lowest turnover of staff.Suggest ways in reducing turnover in other branches.你所在部门员工换手率最低，建议如何在其他部门降低换手率
1、what the reasons for high staff turnover in a company might be
造成换手率高的原因
2、what effect high staff turnover might have on future methods of selecting staff
今后怎样考虑选择员工
Follow: 在一个换手率很高的部门员工会受到什么影响，高换手率会影响客服吗，高换手率对公司也有好处吗，公司招募新员工进现存团队有好处吗，在以后员工跳槽会越来越频繁吗
第二辑 TEST 1 Part 2:
1、Customer relations
importance of making customer feel valued
让顾客觉得有价值的重要性
2、Company growth
importance to a company of controlling expansion
掌控扩大发展的重要性
3、Marketing
how to ensure that agents maintain a high level of effectiveness when representing a company
怎么样确保代理人保持对公司的高度代表性
Part 3:
Your company planning to introduce a suggestion scheme and encourage staffs at all levels to contribute ideas.Consider ways of setting up the scheme.公司拟定了一个计划，想让全体员工建言献策，考虑制定这个计划的方法
1、how to set up the scheme so that all staff feel they can contribute 怎样制定这个计划才能让所有人感到他们能参与进来
2、how suggestions from members of staff could be evaluated.怎么评定员工提出的建议
Follow:什么类型的公司最受益这种计划，公司还有哪些其他方式激励员工对公司发展建言献策，让员工更多参与公司活动的其他方法，公司获取顾客建议和评价有哪些渠道，新点子对公司保持竞争力有多重要
TEST 2 Part 2:
1、Communication skills
importance of foreign language training for selected employees
外语培训的重要性
2、Advertising
how to select a suitable agency to handle a company’s advertising
怎么选择合适机构来进行广告宣传
3、Finance
how to decide whether to float a company on the stock market
怎样决定公司是否上市
Part 3: Company needs to relocate several members of staff to a new branch opening in another part of the country.You have been asked to submit ideas on how to make relocation attractive for staff.公司需要在其他城市的分部重新安置新人员，提出观点怎样让新地点吸引员工
1、which types of financial incentives the company could offer to staff 公司应该对员工提供哪些财政激励
2、what information staff could need to know about the new location 公司员工应该知道哪些新址的信息 Follow:重新安置的员工还需要哪些帮助，怎样鼓励不愿意重新安置的员工进行安置，选择分公司的位置对公司有什么影响
TEST 3 Part 2:
1、Personal management
importance to a company of having well-motivated staff
积极主动的员工对公司的重要性
2、Strategic planning
how to decide whether to purchase or rent company premises
怎么决定是否购买或者租用厂房
3、Sales
how to ensure price levels for new products are set appropriately
怎样确保合理定价
Part 3:
Company consider providing a fitness center on premises to help employees improve their health and fitness.Recommendation for the scheme.公司考虑在公司用地建一个健康中心，建议
1、what benefits the center would bring for the company
健康中心给公司带来哪些好处
2、how to promote the need for health and fitness to all staff
怎样促进所有员工的健康
Follow:公司的健康设施在全体员工那里都受欢迎吗，员工要付费使用吗，保持员工身体健康的其他方式有哪些，对员工家人也应该提供这方面的服务吗，这是员工所关心的合理的福利待遇吗
TEST 4 Part 2:
1、Market research
importance of finding out about customer’ habits and attitudes.发掘客户喜好和态度的重要性
2、Financial management
how to identify ways of reducing costs in a company
怎样确定降低成本的方法
3、Communication
how to achieve an effective working relationship between different departments within a company
在不同部门间怎么形成一个有效的工作关系
Part 3:
Considering setting up an incentive scheme to improve staff performance.Recommendations for that.公司正计划激励机制来改进员工绩效，建议
1、what benefits an incentive scheme for staff would bring to the company.员工激励计划给公司带来哪些好处
2、what types of incentives could be offered 可以提供何种激励
Follow:那种激励方式最能让员工努力工作，激励计划不利因素，公司对员工额外劳动的奖励非常重要吗，公司怎么增强员工的忠心度，传统的员工之间或员工与上级之间的关系在将来有何种变化
第三篇：BEC中级真题详细解析
BEC中级真题详细解析：第二辑TEST 1 PART 1 Coaching the contact between coach and employee not solving all difficulties at work 2 the discussion of how certain situations could be better handled if they occur again 3 a coach encouraging an employee to apply what has been taught to routine work situations 4 coaching providing new interest to individuals who are unhappy in their current positions 5 coaching providing a supportive environment to discuss performance 6 employees being asked to analyse themselves and practise greater self-awareness coaching enabling a company to respond rapidly to a lack of expertise in a certain area Coaching A Coaching involves two or more people sitting down together to talk through issues that have come up recently at work, and analysing how they were managed and how they might be dealt with more effectively on subsequent occasions.Coaching thus transfers skills and information from one person to another in an on-the-job situation so that the work experience of the coach is used to advise and guide the individual being coached.It also allows successes and failures to be evaluated in a non-threatening atmosphere.B Coaching means influencing the learner's personal development, for example his or her confidence and ambition.It can take place any time during an individual's career.Coaching is intended to assist individuals to function more effectively, and it is a powerful learning model.It begins where skills-based training ends, and helps individuals to use formally learnt knowledge in day-to-day work and management situations.Individuals being coached are in a demanding situation with their coach, which requires them to consider their own behaviour and question their reasons for doing things.C The coach professionally assists the career development of another individual, outside the normal manager/subordinate relationship.In theory, the coaching relationship should provide answers to every problem, but in practice it falls short of this.However, it can provide a space for discussion and feedback on topics such as people management and skills, behaviour patterns, confidence-building and time management.Through coaching, an organisation can meet skills shortages, discuss targets and indicate how employees should deal with challenging situations, all at short notice.D Effective coaches are usually those who get satisfaction from the success of others and who give time to the coaching role.Giving people coaching responsibilities can support their development, either by encouraging management potential through small-scale one-to-one assignments, or by providing added job satisfaction to managers who feel they are stuck in their present jobs.A coach is also a confidential adviser, accustomed to developing positive and effective approaches to complex management, organisational and change problems.这篇文章讲的是培训（coaching）的作用。培训对一个公司的发展和员工的成长都是至关重要的。文章的内容比较泛，但是题目的答案比较明显。
第一题，教练和员工之间的接触不能解决工作中的所有困难。答案是C段的这么一句：In theory, the coaching relationship should provide answers to every problem, but in practice it falls short of this.理论上，培训可以提供所有问题的答案。但是实践中达不到这样。Fall short of是关键词。
第二题，讨论某些情况如果再度出现的话怎么样可以处理的更好。答案是A段的这么一句：analysing how they were managed and how they might be dealt with more effectively on subsequent occasions.分析应该如何进行处理并且在接下来的情况下怎样可以处理的更有效。这里的dealt with more effectively对应于题干中的better handled，on subsequent occasions.也就是occur again。
第三题，教练鼓励员工将所学应用到日常的工作中。答案是B段的这么一句：helps individuals to use formally learnt knowledge in day-to-day work and management situations.帮助个人将学到的正式知识用在日常工作和管理情况下。这里的day-to-day work and management situations就是题干中的routine work situations，what has been taught也就是formally learnt knowledge。
第四题，培训为在现有岗位上不高兴的个人提供了新的兴趣。答案是D段的这么一句：providing added job satisfaction to managers who feel they are stuck in their present jobs。对感觉自己在现有岗位上受困的经理们提供附加的工作满足感。这里的stuck in their present jobs就是题干中的unhappy in their current position，added job satisfaction可以对应于题干中的new interest。
第五题，培训提供了一个有力的、支持性的讨论工作表现的环境。答案是A段的：It also allows successes and failures to be evaluated in a non-threatening atmosphere.它允许成功和失败在一个没有威胁的气氛下被评估。成功和失败也就是performance，supportive environment可以对应于non-threatening atmosphere。
第六题，员工被要求分析他们自己并且培养出更强的自知。有必要理解下self-awareness的含义，不能简单的从中文理解成自我意识，看英文解释：knowledge and understanding of yourself。所以答案是B段的这么一句：requires them to consider their own behaviour and question their reasons for doing things.要求他们考虑自己的行为并且思考这么做的理由。consider their own behaviour可以对应于题干中的analyse themselves，思考这么做的理由也是为了进一步增进对自己的认识。
第七题，培训可以使得公司对某个领域的技术缺失迅速做出反应。答案是C段的最后一句：indicate how employees should deal with challenging situations, all at short notice.指出员工怎样处理有挑战性的情况，在短时间内。At short notice是一接到通知就，短时间内的意思,可以对应这一题的respond rapidly，challenging situations可以指代题干中的a lack of expertise in a certain area.BEC中级真题详细解析：第二辑TEST 1 PART 2 自助餐领域
BUFFET ZONE
Lucy Robertson started working at a takeaway food business to supplement her income during her student days at Edinburgh University, Several years later she had bought the business and now, 17 years on, she owns Grapevine Caterers, probably Scotland's leading independent caterers, with a turnover of almost ￡6m.She had never planned to own a business, and had certainly never considered a career in catering.(0).......However, her unplanned career began in 1985, when she returned to Edinburgh and
discovered that the takeaway she had worked in was up for sale.On impulse, she bought it, but admits that at the time she knew nothing about catering.(8).........It was a difficult time, but essential in terms of gaining the experience she needed.The late 1980s boom was good for business, with large numbers of office workers wanting takeaway food for their lunches.(9)........'At one point there were 26 food outlets within a 5-kilometre radius,' Robertson recalls.As the economy changed and the once packed office blocks started to become vacant, it became clear that Robertson would need to diversify.(10)........It changed the direction of the company for good.As Robertson began to win catering contracts, she decided that the company would have to move to larger premises.In 1994, the move was made when she bought another catering business that already had a number of profitable contracts for boardroom lunches.Meanwhile, Robertson's main competitor, the oldest catering company in Edinburgh, was causing her some anxiety.'Customer loyalty is not to be underestimated,' she warns.But Robertson is not someone who is easily put off.(11)........Partly as a result of this, turnover doubled, and having outgrown another site, Robertson bought a city-centre location for the group's headquarters.By now, Grapevine's main competitor was a new catering company called Towngates.Although Robertson tried to raise enough money to buy Towngates, she did not succeed.Then luck intervened and Towngates went bankrupt.(12)........Many accepted and the company's turnover went from ￡700,000 to ￡l.5 million almost overnight.However, the company's growth was not as smooth as it sounds in retrospect.Robertson admits, 'We were close to the edge during the growth period.Like many under-capitalised companies trying to grow, it might easily have collapsed.' But that, she feels, is the challenge of developing your own business.A But there are plenty of similar contracts to be won in the east of Scotland before Robertson turns her attention elsewhere.B Her way round this particular problem was to recruit the catering manager of the rival company.C But this demand was short-lived, and before long, increasing competition made it harder to make a profit.D 'It was a dramatic learning curve and very small amounts of money were earned at first,’says Robertson.E She decided that the solution, since many companies required working lunches for meetings with clients, was to prepare and deliver meals to business premises.F On hearing this, Robertson immediately contacted all of their clients and offered the services of Grapevine Caterers.G Instead, she studied accountancy after leaving university, and a steady if unspectacular professional path seemed set.《Buffet Zone》，自助餐区域，在这篇文章里的意思应该是自助餐领域，讲的是一个在自助餐领域取得了惊人成绩的杰出女性创业的故事。这套题目不难，尤其比起第四辑的题目。文章本身有很清晰的故事发展脉络，选项和原文的对应也比较明显。文章的几个段落是按照时间先后、故事发生的先后进行的，很明确。第一段是总括，第二段是讲的创业起步阶段的一些困难以及应对困难的对策，第三段是公司好转后的办公室重置（relocation），第四、五段是公司的竞争情况，最后一段总结。
第八题，前面说一时冲动她买下了这个外卖餐馆（takeaway），事实上那个时候她对餐饮业一无所知。空格后面说的是这段时间很困难，但是对获得所需要的经验却是很有必要的。所以第八题的空格部分应该填入跟学习、积累经验有关的内容。D选型最吻合，It was a dramatic learning curve，这里的learning是关键词，很明显的答案信号。还有very small amounts of money were earned at first，at first也是关键词。
第九题，空格前面说large numbers of office workers wanting takeaway food for their lunches，大量的办公室员工需要外卖食品做午饭，这里的wanting是个很关键的词。空格后面话锋一转，说曾经一度5公里内有26家食品商店，但是经济转变了，一条街都空了（blocks started to become vacant）。从上下文来分析，第九空的内容应该和办公室员工的外卖需求有关，同时带有转折意思。C选项完全符合这一条件：但是这种需求是短暂的，不久，逐渐增长的竞争使得赢得利润变得更加困难。
第十题，上文说经济形势转变了，所以Robertson决定从事多样化的经营。后面说这种做法永远的改变了公司的经营方式。所以第十空应该填入相应的对策，怎么样来应对经济形势的转变。符合这一条件的是B和E，都是关于解决问题的，但是B选项所说的招募竞争对手的餐厅经理在上下文内容中没有提到。应该选D，为商业大厦送饭，正好对应下一段所说的。第十一题，这一题才应该选B，前面说竞争对手给自己造成了很大的困扰。但是Robertson却不是那么容易屈服的人。后面说部分原因是这个，营业额翻倍了。所以中间应该也是填入对策。和竞争对手有关的，应该选B，B的particular是个关键词，rival company也很明显。
第十二题，前面说Robertson想收购一个竞争对手，但是没成功，结果人家公司自己破产倒闭了。后面来了一个many accepted，可以看出这中间应该填入的是人家公司破产后Robertson的一些举措。F满足这一条件：一听到这些，Robertson马上联系他们的客户并且提供了自己公司的服务。
BEC中级真题详细解析：第二辑TEST 1 PART 3 怎样开发自己
HOW TO MARKET YOURSELF
We manage our own careers now.So knowing how to brand and position yourself in the market as 'Me plc' at different stages of your working life is becoming an increasingly vital skill.At least that is what image expert Mary Spillane believes.'Employment as we know it is decreasing.Jobs don't exist, work exists.In the next decade most of us will be suppliers, not staff.We will have clients not bosses.If you are under 30, you probably know that there is only one firm to join for life: Me plc.It promotes you and your potential to others.' 'We're working in multi-national, multicultural, multi-corporate teams and it's important to understand the implications of this.We need to create a personal brand that is unique, but complements the brand of the corporation we are working for.You have to find a way to do it so that you are not just a typical employee,' advises Spillane.'You have to decide what central values you want to project, and also what may need to alter from situation to situation.'
Many people only remember Mary Spillane for the years she spent running a cosmetics company, but she actually has masters degrees in information science and politics.She used to hide that hard-hitting side, but is now eager to show it and forget about cosmetics.'Now that I'm working in the boardrooms of major plcs and global companies, I'm playing up my degrees and management background so that the image side is seen only as an addition to the value side,' says Spillane.Some contracts take longer than others.'The City law firms I'm currently working for are really difficult because they don't have any idea of what their brand should be, and are still very traditional even when talking about becoming modern.I'm showing them how to do everything from changing their reception areas-which tend to be very off-putting with their high-fronted reception desksdespite the benefit of notesand that means listening.B Listening is not the same thing as hearing;it is not an effortless activity.It demands attention and concentration.It may mean quizzing the speaker for additional information or for clarificationprobably at the very moment when he or she is saying something critical.And not having heard, you won't know you've missed anything until it's too late.C The most common bad habit we have is to start thinking of what we are going to say about the subject long before the other speaker has finished.We then stop listening.Even worse, this often adds rudeness to inattentiveness, as once you have decided what to say there is a fair chance you will interrupt to say it.Good listeners don't interrupt.In fact it is often worth explaining the main idea of what you have just been told before going on to make your own points.Nobody is offended by this and it shows that you have listened well.D Above all be patient and accept that many people are not very good communicators.It's helpful to remember that the ways people move and position themselves while they are speaking can reveal a great deal about what they are saying.Equally importantly you should put yourself in the other person's place, both intellectually and emotionally;it will help you to understand what they are getting at and form a response.But don't be too clever.Faced with a know-all, many people keep quiet because they see no point in continuing.这篇文章讲的是倾听（listening）的重要性。一个好的管理者必然是一个好的倾听者，所以要讲究倾听的艺术。第一题，有时坚持进一步的解释是很有必要的。答案是B段的这么一句：It may mean quizzing the speaker for additional information or for clarificationit should help you to move up to the next level.B The Director Of course there are all the formal things in managing your bossone of the more serious failings in the book of management.The importance of being a team player is a side effect of the increasing interaction across departments and functional divides.Instead of pushing reports, paperwork and decisions around the organisation, 'teams provide a dynamic meeting place where ideas can be shared and expertise more carefully targeted at important business issues,' says Steve Gardner, in his book Key Management Concepts.He adds, 'Globalisation has added a further dimension to teamwork.Multinational teams now study policy decisions in the light of their impact on the local market.' But is teamworking being overdone? 'Some managers are on as many as seven or eight different teams', says Dr Cathy Bandy, a psychologist who recently ran a conference on the subject.'They take up so much time that managers can't get on with core tasks.' Forming teams and having meetings has, she says, become an end in itself, almost regardless of purpose.There is also the danger of an unhealthy desire to keep the team going after the work has been done.'People feel
the need to belong, and team membership can provide a kind of psychological support.' The idea behind teamworking is that, when the right group of people is brought together, a 'force' develops which is greater than the sum of their individual talents.This is often true in sport, where good players can reach unexpected heights as members of an international team.However, few business situations have as clear a set of objectives, or as clear criteria of success or failure, as winning a match.'In business, everyone needs to be clear about what the challenge is and whether a team is the right way of approaching it', says Steve Gardner.'Unfortunately, people focus instead on who the members of the team should be and what roles they are to play' Dr Bandy agrees.'There is always a danger that teams can turn into committees,' she says.'In a lot of situations, one or two individuals would be much more effective.' So what makes a successful team? There are some general qualities that have been identified.Steve Gardner recommends that in every team there should be someone who is good at researching ideas and another who is good at shooting down impractical ones.There should be those who can resolve the tensions that naturally occur in a team and others who are focused on getting the job done.Also, providing a clear and achievable target at the outset is the best way of ensuring that the team will move on to greater things.《Trouble with Teamwork》，团队合作的麻烦。文章讲了团队的重要性和很多团队存在的问题，以及怎么样才能打造一个成功有效的团队。
第十三题，问文章开头作者针对团队合作做了什么论点。第一段是强调团队合作的重要性，太多的个人成果会显得这个人不是个合格的团队成员。选答案要理解第一句话的含义：Recruiters say that candidates who can give examples of work they have done as members of a successful team are in as strong a position as those who can point to significant individual achievement.招聘者说能够给出自己作为一个成功团队成员的例子的候选人同那些指出重要的个人成果的人具有同样重要的地位。言下之意，拥有团队成员的经历也很重要。所以选D，作为一个团队成员如今被视为必要的管理技巧。A、B、C都没有提到。第十四题，问公司内部的团队合作是作为对什么的回应。也就是问团队合作的目的是什么，答案是第二段的这么一句：'teams provide a dynamic meeting place where ideas can be shared and expertise more carefully targeted at important business issues 团队提供了一个动态的会议场所，使得思想可以分享，技能可以更加仔细的对准重要的商业问题。这句里的dynamic meeting place可以对应于B段的changing work practice。第十五题，问在第三段Dr Bandy暗示什么。答案是她的一句原话：Forming teams and having meetings has, she says, become an end in itself, almost regardless of purpose.形成团队然后开会成了它本身的终点，几乎不管目的是什么。也就是说很多团队的建立是没有意义的，多余的。选C，一些团队被不必要的创建了。第十六题，问作者认为团队合作在体育领域里更有效的原因是什么。第四段讲当一群正确的人被组合到一起时会产生一种高于这些人个人能力的力量，在体育比赛里就是如此。这一题的答案是第四段的最后一句：few business situations have as clear a set of objectives, or as clear criteria of success or failure, as winning a match.。很少有企业能像赢得一场比赛一样有一系列清晰的目标，或者是对成功或失败有清晰的评判准则。也就是A选项所说的：知道他们想要实现什么。what they want to achieve可以对应于a set of objectives。第十七题，问这两个人同意当一个商业团队被创立时人们没有把注意力放在什么上面。这一
题要理解第五段的意思。第一句说In business, everyone needs to be clear about what the challenge is and whether a team is the right way of approaching it。在企业，每个人都必须很清楚挑战是什么以及团队是否是实现它的最好的办法。考虑团队是不是最好的办法，也就是说要考虑其他可能的途径，即B选项所说的团队的替代品（alternatives to the team），后面有句focus instead„.人们却把注意力放在了其他的地方。从这些可以看出答案是B。
第十八题，问关于运作一个成功团队Steve Gardner的建议是什么。这题的答案是对最后一段的概括。答案是最后一段第三句recommend后面的一长串there„who，要有不同的人胜任不同的角色。归纳起来，就是各司其职选C：选择能够自然融洽的胜任某个角色的人。其他几个选项都没提到。
第二段有个地方值得解释下。Globalisation has added a further dimension to teamwork。这里的dimension用法比较特别，表示方面，特征，并且是很地道常见的说法 牛津词典的解释：an aspect or feature of a situation, problem, or thing。
麦克米兰的解释：a part of a situation, especially when it influences the way you think about the situation。
e.g: Doing volunteer work has added a whole new dimension to my life.常见搭配：an extra/added/additional/further dimension BEC中级真题详细解析：第二辑TEST3 PART 4 人力资源政策
《Human Resource Policy》，人力资源政策。主要是讲的CBA银行的人力资源政策。先简单介绍了这个银行的管理结构，是扁平化的组织结构（flatter organizational structure），而不是等级制公司（hierarchy）。总体原则是不招应届的刚出校门的毕业生，而要有一定的生活经验或者是工作经验。
第19、20、21题，这几空都是举例说明前面提到的human resources practices。19空是说的将公司的发展目标传达给员工。公司目标，用objective。purpose是指具体做某件事情的意图。这里有必要区分一下objective和purpose，看英文解释。
purpose: the reason you do something, and the thing you want to achieve when you do it objective: something that you are working hard to achieve, especially in business or politics 第20题，个人培训和发展计划的制定。个人发展计划，personal development plans，选C。
第21题，定期的表现回顾。用review。hold在这个句子里是举行的意思。the holding of regular performance review，定期举行员工的表现回顾。
第22题，说扁平化的组织结构可以给员工更加定义广泛的角色。broadly defined roles,选C。第23题，人际交往技巧是很重要的。interpersonal skills,是地道的说法。参见一个例句：you will need good interpersonal skills.第24题，这一句的意思很好理解，是说员工们越来越看重或者说是承认一个事实：顾客的满意是组织的主要目标。recommend是推荐、建议，后面不接the fact（事实），honour是敬重，obey是遵守，这里应该选择respect。respect这里是重视或者接受的意思，看英英词典上的解释：to accept that something which is established or formally agreed
is right or important and not to attempt to change it or harm it。所以这一空应该选择respect the fact，表示接受这个事实。
第25题，CBA银行追求这个目的是为着自己的利益，而不是为股东挣利润的工具。for the sake of something 或 for something's sake：for the purpose of;in the interest of;in order to achieve or preserve 为了„目的；为了„的利益；为了。。固定用法，选A。
第26题，寻找潜在的新成员。地道的词是potential，比如potential recruits, potential staff, potential candidates.第27题，考察的是短语take on的一个用法，雇佣：If you take someone on, you employ them to do a job.；write in：to write a letter to a newspaper, television company or other organization, to state an opinion or ask something以群众来信的形式表达的意见。
第28题，把毕业生分配在各个连锁金融服务领域。用area。field做领域、范围讲的时候是指的研究、活动，region是指的具体的地区，parts是部分，应该用area。第29题，完成目标，met the targets。
第30题，完成了目标就可以得到工作。secure：to get possession of;acquire: 第31题，招的人已经具有了一定的生活经验。gain：to obtain something that is useful, that gives you an advantage, or that is in some way positive, especially over a period of time eg: After you've gained some experience teaching abroad you can come home and get a job.第32题，薪酬现在和业绩挂钩。link to，联系。
第33题，reward sb.奖励某人。reward employees for their achievements and effort，因为功劳而奖励员工。
BEC中级真题详细解析：第二辑TEST3 PART 5 起作用的会议
《Meetings that work》，起作用的会议。文章讲的是开好一个会议应该注意哪些问题。34题，it is vital to do sth.，做什么事情是至关重要的。too„to结构表示太而不能。从上下文和词组的用法来看，too是多余的。35题，正确的
36题，since so many are unproductive，是说的很多会议都没有效果。主谓宾很齐全，unproductive做形容词就可以修饰前面的meeting，results是多余的。37题，完整的句子应该是Sending an email or（by）using another means of communication might achieve the desired results in half the time。介词by是多余的。有by，不仅后面的主语不对，也没有与前面的sending保持一致。38题，正确的
39题，这个句子的前后没有因果关系，去掉so 40题，（Concerning）the key to a good meeting is an agenda,主谓宾是齐全的，the key to a meeting是主语，is是谓语，an agenda是宾语，意思就是日程表是会议的关键。Concerning是多余的。41题，正确的
42题，those who固定的搭配，指代哪些人，ones是多余的
43题，去掉插入成分starting with the most important，完整的句子是set（that）out the points for discussion。set out是词组，在这里是陈述、阐明的意思：present information or ideas in a well-ordered way in writing or speech.。所以that多余。44题，discuss是及物动词，做讨论时直接用discuss，而不是discuss about。事实上，在discuss后面接about时的about一般都是做“大约的”意思讲，而不是一个完整的词组。所以此处about多余。45题，正确的。
BEC中级真题详细解析：第二辑TEST 4 PART 1 连锁
1、This development is in an area where the potential for consumer spending is the highest in the country.2、The partners constructing this centre have been responsible for numerous other developments.3、The centre may become a model for future urban development plans.4、This centre is being marketed by the developers as the best place in the area to shop.5、Other shopping destinations are located close to the agreed site for this centre.6、Plans for this development have been presented to people who live in the area for comment and approval.7、This development is being built in an area which has experienced sustained growth over time.A
The Birmingham Alliance will provide Birmingham with one of Europe's largest regional shopping centres, right in the heart of the city.The Alliance, an initiative between three of the largest developers in the country, all with extensive experience of urban regeneration schemes, will facilitate an £800m investment in Birmingham.This will regenerate 40 acres of the city centre within the next decade.Planning permission is in place for the new scheme, which will be a short distance from existing prime retail areas.The development will be well serviced by all forms of public transport, as well as providing parking space for 3,200 cars.B
The private-public partnership between Legal & General and Bracknell Town Council will manage the £500m regeneration of the town's centre.The proposals, which are awaiting the outcome of consultation with local residents, provide for approximately 102,000m2 of retail and leisure facilities, 200 residential units and office accommodation.This development is expected to set the standard for town centre regeneration schemes to come because of the way it integrates the business and community sectors.It will also facilitate great improvements in the region's transport infrastructure.C
Bluewater is a symbol of retail excellence, achieved through a unique combination of design, retail mix, leisure, catering and hospitality.The centre, surrounded by parkland, is situated in the country's most affluent region.Eleven million people, with a combined spending power predicted to exceed a record 5.5bn pound, live within 60 minutes of the centre.The developers set a precedent in the industry by getting the country's three best-known department stores to open very large branches within the centre, as well as over 300 leading fashion and lifestyle stores.D
Following its recent stock market success, Lend Lease is now developing Overgate shopping centre in Dundee.Construction is well under way, and with several of the country's best-known retailers already secured, Lend Lease is promoting the centre as the unrivalled shopping destination of the region.The economic base of the area has improved continuously over the past decade, due to the fast expansion of the biomedical and service sectors.With an estimated potential market of 500,000 people, Overgate is proving attractive to leading UK retailers.这套题目的难度不一般，我估计能把这套题给吃透了，以后基本可以笑傲阅读的第一部分了。文章有点散，题目的信息也是相当隐晦，很可能看了半天依然找不着北。写到这里多啰嗦几句，越是这种时候越要沉住气：所有人都一样，别人不会感觉比你容易。这是整个BEC考试的第一部分，如果不对付好了，后面会溃不成军。
文章ABCD四个部分分别介绍了四个不同的连锁店的发展情况（retail development），因为是基本情况的介绍，所以有点泛，没法提炼重点，只能尽可能多的把文章里的疑似重点词汇划出来，以待备用。
第一题，说这个地区的消费支出潜力是整个国家最高的，这里的highest是关键词。答案是C段的这句话：Eleven million people,with a combined spending power predicted to exceed a record 5.5bn pound.意思是综合消费能力预计将超过记录。预计（predict），也就是潜力(potential)。hightest，也就是exceed a record。前面有个affluent，是形容词，富裕的。
第二题，说建筑这个中心的合作方曾多次负责其他的项目发展。答案是A段的一句话：an initiative between three of the largest developers in the country, all with extensive experience of urban regeneration schemes.意思是这三个国内最大的开发商都拥有广泛的城市建造经验。这里的with extensive experience就是题干所说的have been responsible for numerous other developments.第三题，说这个中心可能会成为未来城市发展规划的范例。答案是B段的一句：This development is expected to set the standard for town centre regeneration schemes to come。这种发展有望为即将到来的城市中心再建方案树立标准。set the standard对应于model，plans对应于schemes。
第四题，关键词是best，答案是D段的这么一句：Lend Lease is promoting the centre as the unrivalled shopping destination of the region.是说Lend Lease打算促使该中心成为这个地区无与伦比的消费目的地。Unrivalled对应于best。
第五题，关键词是一个close，答案是A段的：Planning permission is in place for the new scheme, which will be a short distance from existing prime retail areas。A short distance from也就是close。
第六题，说这个发展方案提交给了住在这里的人，等待他们的评价和同意。答案是B段的“The proposals, which are awaiting the outcome of consultation with local residents”，这个提议还在等当地居民商议的最后结果，完全一个意思。第七题，说建造在了一个曾经历了持续增长期的地区，答案是D段的“The economic base of the area has improved continuously over the past decade”，这个地方的经济基础连续改善了十年。sustained growth对应于improved continuously。
BEC中级真题详细解析：第二辑TEST 4 PART 2 员工评估
Staff Appraisals
A director of the advertising agency owned by tycoon Bob Jacoby once grumbled that he wasn't enjoying his work.Jacoby's reply was, 'I don't pay you good money to enjoy yourself.If you enjoy working here, you should be paying me money.' Jacoby's sentiments used to be common.(0)____ Happily, things have changed.Most organisations now undertake regular staff appraisals, at which employees have the opportunity to discuss one-to-one with their line manager their ambitions and hopes, their strengths and weaknesses, their achievements and their disasters.But it is worth remembering how new all this is, and why.For a start, appraising isn't something many managers do naturally of their own accord.They often find appraisals difficult to handle and have to be made to carry them out.Appraisal systems have become widespread partly as a result of employment legislation, but more particularly because companies have learned that such assessments can work to their advantage.(8)......The company can improve its collective performance by helping employees to improve their individual performance.Managers who use appraisals need to approach them very carefully.They should bear in mind their own experiences of being appraised when in junior positions, recalling which appraisals were helpful, which were not, and why.In most cases, their own bosses did their homework, checking out the job specification, the C.V.and any previous reports.(9).........As a result, a lot of time would have been wasted, debating exactly what had happened and when.Being prepared and appreciating what it is like to be on the receiving end are, indeed, the keys to successful appraising.It is important to begin an appraisal by giving members of staff a chance to express their own views about their performance.(10).........Any information gained from colleagues is normally given in a positive spirit, since nowadays everyone understands appraisals and appreciates that they are carried out with good intentions.The atmosphere in the appraisal should be one of positive and open discussion about how the employee is performing in the company.(11).........Some individuals will feel unjustly criticised when their boss makes comments on their performance.Others will respond fiercely to a critical assessmentotherwise known as 'pioneering'this would not be a giant leap and the sales force would take it in its stride.Also, they wouldn't need to re-equip their factory and could use non-UK sourcing if facilities here are in short supply.B Mesut Guzel They have the fundamentals of a survival strategy in a market where outsourced manufacture and brand differentiation hold the key to success.I think they should initially locate some of their
production in another country, where manufacturing quality tends to be better and it is easier to meet changing customer demands.But they should also regularly monitor production in Britain and think about outsourcing all this work abroad at some point if they need it done faster.The company should continue to work on innovative products, and thorough market research will help to ensure any new ideas are well received.C Gary Wilmot In order to beat their rivals in a highly competitive market, Flacks should ensure their products are attractive and build on their relationships with the big stores rather than trying to go it alone and market directly.They should also consider refocusing production by using their UK factory for high-specification products.They could eventually build more production overseas in a cycle of continuous development.D Michal Kaminski The demand for fashion accessories is relatively flat and the company should consider exploiting niche markets to improve its margins.But even within these, Flacks must distinguish its goods from those of its rivals in terms of quality, performance and design.Innovative sales, marketing and PR are vital to exploit these niche products.One competitive advantage that Flacks does have is production times.Many retail chains now have two-tier supply chains and Flacks could focus on top-up orders.They might also investigate other sales channels such as mail order.这篇文章是关于一个女性时尚饰品公司——Flacks的发展战略问题，四个专家给出了自己的建议。这套题目的答案稍微有些隐晦。
第一题，说在开发新产品前咨询客户的意见对于Flacks来讲是很明智的。答案是B段的最后一句：thorough market research will help to ensure any new ideas are well received.彻底的市场调查能够确保新的思想很好的被接受。Market research，市场调查，在很大程度上就是咨询客户的意见（consult customers），any new ideas可以对应于developing a new product,能够well received，那么对于公司来讲当然就是advisable了。选B。第二题，说为专业市场生产产品可以增加利润。答案是D段的这么一句：the company should consider exploiting niche markets to improve its margins这题关键是要理解一个市场的含义：niche market。看英英解释：a small area of trade within the economy, often involving specialized products。improve its margins也就是increase profits，选D。第三题，说Flacks可能需要改变它的一个设备的功能。这里答案不是太明显，是C段的这么一句：They should also consider refocusing production by using their UK factory for high-specification products。他们也需要考虑通过利用英国工厂生产高规格产品来调整生产焦点。也就是说，英国工厂原来不是生产高规格产品的，即题目说的改变它的一个设备的功能。第四题，说Flacks可以利用现有的技能来进入一个新的市场。答案是A段的这么一句：They need to move into a more promising market, one where demand is growing and where the company can exploit existing skills and contacts。他们需要进入一个更有发展前景的市场，一个需求增长并且公司可以利用现有技能和合同的市场。exploit existing skills也就是utilise its current expertise。第五题，说Flacks可以考虑关闭现有的生产设备。这题也有些隐晦，答案是这么一句：think about outsourcing all this work abroad。关键就在于outsource这个词的意思：turn to outside suppliers or manufacturers外购。既然是要考虑outsource——turn to outside manufactures，那么也就是可以考虑关闭自己的生产设备了。选B。
第六题，说Flacks应该考虑发展同领先的连锁商已经建立起来的关系。答案在C段：build on their relationships with the big stores发展他们同大商店的关系。第七题，说扩展产品范围对劳动力来讲不是问题。答案在A段：They could think about brand extensionand you may need to experiment to find what suits you best-find some way of fitting the activity into your schedule.Never say, 'I don't have time to plan today'.B Managers at all levels occasionally find they have taken on more than they can cope with.This is not a crime, but you must examine the reasons for such a situation and then plan a course of action.Until the problem is resolved, most of your time and energy will go into worrying about the situation and you will feel unmotivated.Think too about how to prevent it happening again.This may require you to be firm and avoid agreeing to more than is realistic.C If a review of your working practices shows that you are too much of a perfectionist, do something about this.Modern definitions of quality refer to Witness for purpose'.If you bear this in mind, you may find it easier to persuade yourself to settle for an acceptable level of quality rather than perfection.When thinking about objectives and planning how to achieve them, consider how thoroughly you need to do something in order to meet your requirements.Unless you have spare time, do not spend extra hours on an activity in an effort to cover absolutely everything.D If your review of a period of time shows that you are spending time on things that are not really necessary or important, then think hard about whether you can afford this time.Many people file unnecessary papers and attend endless, unproductive meetings.Even top managers can be guilty of misdirecting their efforts by supervising subordinates too closely or failing to delegate.If you question the necessity of certain work, you may find it easier to avoid these misdirected efforts and this will better inform your planning in the future.《Successful Time Management》，成功的时间管理。文章针对怎么利用时间、提高工作效率提出了一些建议。
第一题，为了完成好一个任务，没有必要处理每一个细节。答案是C段的最后一句话，而且
这句话同时是第一题和第四题的答案所在：Unless you have spare time, do not spend extra hours on an activity in an effort to cover absolutely everything.除非你有空闲的时间，否则不要在一件事情上花费额外的时间去努力涉及到所有事情。cover absolutely everything可以对应于deal with every detail。第二题，如果你有很多要做的，也许需要拒绝以后的工作。答案是B段的最后一句，有点绕：This may require you to be firm and avoid agreeing to more than is realistic.这需要你变得坚定，避免答应超出现实的工作。more than is realistic，也就是眼前无法完成的工作，即work in the future。
第三题，任何计划行为都需要建立在一个有规律的基础上。答案在A段。A段整个就是讲的计划的重要性，有计划，才能合理安排时间。中间说有人喜欢在每天开始的时候计划，有人喜欢在结束前。答案是这么一句：you may need to experiment to find what suits you best-find some way of fitting the activity into your schedule.你必须去试验寻找到最适合你的——寻找将这个活动融入到你的时间表的某种方法。要让计划融入进你的时间表，也就是说计划要成为你的日程的固定部分，即题目说的take place on a regular basis。第四题，在第一题已经说了，C段的最后一句，extra hours可以对应于additional time。第五题，可能有些例行的任务不需要被执行。答案是D段的第一句：If your review of a period of time shows that you are spending time on things that are not really necessary or important, then think hard about whether you can afford this time如果回顾某段时间发现你在一些并不是真正必要或者重要的事情上花费了时间，那么你需要仔细考虑这次你是否花的起。言下之意，有些things that are not really necessary or important（some routine tasks）可以不必花时间做(do not need to be carried out)。第六题，如果你觉得自己工作负担过重，那么查明原因很重要。答案是B段的这么一句：This is not a crime, but you must examine the reasons for such a situation and then plan a course of action。examine the reasons可以对应于identify the cause。
第七题，各个等级的人都会进行浪费时间的活动。答案在D段，需要提炼。D段整个讲的都是不要把时间浪费在不必要的事情上。前面说不要干一些routine task，后面说顶端的经理们也会误用他们的努力。最后一段盘点了很多人，前面的many people，后面的even top manager，和在一起就是题目说的people at all levels。不管是routine task，还是misdirecting their efforts，都是time-wasting activities。
BEC中级真题详细解析：第三辑TEST 2 PART 2 员工评估
《Staff appraisals》，员工评估。很多公司的员工和经理都害怕评估，但是好的评估可以增进员工的忠诚度和满意感，给公司带来益处。
第八题，前面说评估可能是个有用的或者是痛苦的经历。但是根据调查，标准的评估效果却不尽如人意。那么正常来讲，后面应该接着说评估不好（far from perfect）的原因或者是表现。C选项讲的是表现（problems），E选项虽然有because，但是不是讲的评估不好的原因。选C，正好和后面也对的上。出了问题，才使得后果更加严重（the possible outcome is even worse）。
第九题，也需要理顺上下文的逻辑关系。前面说评估的质量取决于老板决定怎么去执行。如果进行的好的话员工会根据收到的反馈来改进他们的表现。空格后面一个SO，问到怎么样让一个有建设性的评估被实行？那么前面的内容多少有点转折的意思。实行的好对改进员工的表现有好处，可实行的不好呢？逻辑上看，这里应该填入评估如果被执行的不好的话会怎么样，或者说影响实行的一些因素，所以后面才会问到该怎么去执行。从给出的几个选项，F是最符合这一特征的：评估的格式不允许这个（指根据反馈的结果改进表现）。
第十题，接着上面讲评估的具体方法。空格的前面讲评估都是manager-led，并且介绍了一些过程。空格后面有in both cases，可以看出空格这里应该填入评估的另一种方法，和manager-led对应的。选项A最符合条件：经理们可能想要员工们自己评价自己的工作表现。alternatively这个连词是个暗示。
第十一题，前面说很多经理视评估为浪费时间。后面说如果没有必要的训练，很多经理都会回避那些需要在评估上讨论的让人不舒服的话题。E选项可以对应于上下文：那主要是因为他们并没有被演示怎么正确的进行评估。因为没有接受训练才不理解，才会认为是浪费时间。have not been shown也就是without the necessary training。
第十二题，这一空是最明显的。叫评估不合适，那就换个名字吧，选D，叫“performance review”。
BEC中级真题详细解析：第三辑TEST 2 PART 3 IT行业的问题
Problems in the IT industry
In the information technology industry, it is widely acknowledged that how well IT departments of the future can fulfil their business goals will depend not on the regular updating of technology, which is essential for them to do, but on how well they can hold on to the people skilled at manipulating the newest technology.This is becoming more difficult.Best estimates of the current shortfall in IT staff in the UK are between 30,000 and 50,000, and growing.And there is no end to the problem in sight.A severe industry-wide lack of investment in training means the long-term skills base is both ageing and shrinking.Employers are chasing experienced staff in ever-decreasing circles, and, according to a recent government report, 250,000 new IT jobs will be created over the next decade.Most employers are confining themselves to dealing with the immediate problems.There is little evidence, for example, that they are stepping up their intake of raw recruits for in-house training, or retraining existing staff from other functions.This is the course of action recommended by the Computer Software Services Association, but research shows its members are adopting the short-term measure of bringing in more and more consultants on a contract basis.However, this approach is becoming less and less acceptable as the general shortage of skills, coupled with high demand, sends contractor rates soaring.An experienced contract programmer, for example, can now earn at least double the current permanent salary.With IT professionals increasingly attracted to the financial rewards and flexibility of consultancy work, average staff turnover rates are estimated to be around 15%.While many companies in the financial services sector are managing to contain their losses by offering skilled IT staff 'golden handcuffs'other organisations, like local governments, are unable to match the competitive salaries and perks on offer in the private sector and contractor market, and are suffering turnover rates of up to 60% a year.But while loyalty bonuses have grabbed the headlines, there are other means of holding on to staff.Some companies are doing additional IT pay reviews in the year and paying market premiums.But such measures can create serious employee relations problems among those excluded, both within and outside IT departments.Many industry experts advise employers to link bonuses to performance wherever possible.However, employers are realising that bonuses will only succeed if they are accompanied by other incentives such as attractive career prospects, training, and challenging work that meets the individual's long-term ambitions.36
This means managers need to allocate assignments more strategically and think about advancing their staff as well as their business.Some employers advocate giving key employees projects that would normally be handled by people with slightly more experience or capability.For many employers, however, the urgency of the problem demands a more immediate solution, such as recruiting skilled workers from overseas.But even this is not easy, with strict quotas on the number of work permits issued.In addition, opposition to the recruitment of IT people from other countries is growing, as many professionals believe it will lead to even less investment in training and thus a long-term weakening of the UK skills base.《Problems in the IT industry》，IT行业的问题。IT行业的人才紧缺并且青黄不接，很多公司只顾短期利益，不愿意投入时间和成本进行培训。并且由于待遇等问题，人员流失现象十分严重。
第十三题，问根据第一段，IT部门的成功取决于什么。答案是but后面的一句：but on how well they can hold on to the people skilled at manipulating the newest technology.取决于他们能否留住精通于掌握最新技术的人。也就是A所说的，成功留住有技术的员工。第十四题，问第二段提到的一个问题是什么。第二段这么说：A severe industry-wide lack of investment in training means the long-term skills base is both ageing and shrinking。一个严重的全行业范围的培训投入缺口意味着长期技术基础不仅老化而且紧缩。简单的说，就是人才短缺并且青黄不接。选B：有技术的IT人才未来会更少。Pool在这里是供应、聚集的意思。a pool of skilled labour：supply, common supply, reserve。第十五题，问对于第三段提到的IT行业的长期问题的可能的解决方法是什么。答案在这里：This is the course of action recommended。所以弄明白这里的this is是指代什么，就找到了正确的答案，this is指代的内容在前面：they are stepping up their intake of raw recruits for in-house training, or retraining existing staff from other functions.。他们开始对吸收的生手进行室内培训，或者是从其他功能上对现有的员工重新培训。简单概括，就是培训，无论是新来的还是老员工。答案选B：为新旧员工扩展公司的培训计划。
第十六题，问金融服务行业的一些企业，IT员工问题导致了什么。答案是第四段的这么一句：While many companies in the financial services sector are managing to contain their losses by offering skilled IT staff 'golden handcuffs'
第四篇：BEC真题
单项选择题
1、回答题：
Working in sales is one of the few areas where first impressions really matter Good sales people(29)__________to have the personality to get on with customers,Three years ago, Julian Agostino identified a(30)__________For matching(31)__________right people to sales jobs, and began Sales Moves, a recruitment fair, to achieve(32)__________He got the idea after he was(33)__________in setting up a telesales company and found(34)__________was, difficult to recruit good people.He says:(35)__________the sales sector is enormous, there appeared to be(36)__________specialist recruitment help.I decided to hold fairs across the country, which allowed employers and employees to meet.“ His company is doing very well.(37)__________ recently, most companies asked for graduates and offered the chance to go on to workin(38)__________parts of the company later on.Today, many are more interested(39)__________recruiting good sales people--high achievers(40)__________ career will continue in sales.A.need
B.must
C.should
2、回答题：
Read the article below about working in different sized companies.Are sentences 16-22 ' Right' or ' Wrong' ? If there is not enough information to answer ' Right' or ' Wrong', choose ' Doesn't say' For each sentence(16-22), mark one letter(A, B.or C)on your Answer Sheet.Choose Your Company with Care
Small is beautiful.That, at least, is the conclusion of new research examining how satisfied secretaries are in different sized firms.”We have found that people who work for small or medium-sized companies work harder and are more committed,“ says David Smith, author of one of the latest studies in this field.”The smaller the environment, the bigger the part you play as an individual and the more people notice your absence.“
However, smaller companies can be more flexible when it comes to working hours, and have better working conditions.But working for a smaller firm is no without its disadvantages.Career development in the form of courses can be limit.ed, but, on the other hand, employees often feel that they can learn more on the job.In fact, opportunities for promotion are the same whatever the size of the company.Smith also says: ”Our research shows that in a company of fewer than 50 people, employers can actually see what their employees are producing and ther give them bonuses as appropriate.“
The new research focuses on the number of secretaries employed in small firms.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Doesn't say
3、Read the article below about a self-employed Journalist.Are sentences on the opposite page ' Right' or ' Wrong' ? If there is not enough information to answer ' Right' or ' Wrong', choose ' Doesn't say'.For each sentence(16-22), mark one letter(A, B.or C)on your Answer Sheet.Sally Patterson, journalist Last year, Sally Patterson left her permanent job with a newspaper and is now a selfemployed journalist.Why did she do it? ”I had no control over my work,“ she says, ”and that mattered more to me than earning lots of money.Actually, leaving my job wasn't as difficult as I'd expected, because I already had plenty of contacts in the publishing industry.Unlike my last job, though, I'm mostly in touch with the magazines and newspapers I write for by email, and as I don't work in an'office, I may not see anyone for days.But that's a welcome relief!“
Isn't it hard being self-employed? ”The biggest danger when you become self-employed is saying “yes” to everything,“ Sally says.”I make sure I turn work down if I haven't got the time for it.And that's a question of planning: I spend an hour every week working out what I'm doing for the next few months.“
And what about the benefits? ”Well, at the newspaper I always concentrated on economic matters, but now I can choose to work on a wider range of projects than before.And being my own boss has made me feel more confident about the other areas of my life,too."
Sally left her last job because she wanted to make decisions about her work herself.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Doesn't say，简答题
4、In this part of the test, you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic.You have to choose one of the topics from the two below and then talk for about one minute.You have one minute to prepare your ideas.A.What is important when...?
Making a public speech in a business conference
Topic
Equipment needed
Type of audience
B.What is important when...?
Setting up a production plant in another country
Cost
Labor supply
Location
5、In this part of the test, you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic.You have to choose one of the topics from the two below and then talk for about one minute.You have one minute to prepare your ideas.A.What is important when...?
Planning a business reception
Cost
Entertainment
Hosts
B.What is important when...?
Manage a project?
Teamwork
Strict work schedule
Strong leadership
6、In this part of the test, you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic.You have to choose one of the topics from the two betow and then talk for about one minute.You hane one.minute to oreoare vour ideas.A.What is important when...?
Setting up your own business
Market survey
Fund support
Location
B.What is important when...?
Choosing a new career chance
Location
Salary
Development plan
7、You are going to give a brief presentation of your company's new product to your vitors Write a memo to your assistant, Mrs.Ding:
asking for the reference.saying when and why you need it.Write about 30-40 words.8、In this part, the interlocutor asks questions to each of the candidates in turn.You have tc give information about yourself and express personal opinions.(1)What is your current job?
(2)What do you do on weekends?
(3)What is the advantage of face-to-face communication?
9、Read this Dart of a letter from the manager of a conference center.Thank you for your telephone enquiry about conference rooms available forholding a sales training e.There is room available on 21 May 2011 can hold thirty people.possible.If this is suitable, please confirm the booking in writing as soon as Also tell me how many trainees will attend the course.Write a letter:
confirming the date of the booking.telling the manager how many trainees will attend.Informing him which conference equipment you will need.asking if your company will receive its usual 10% discount.Write 60-80 words.Do not include any address.10、In this part of the test, you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic.You have to choose one of the topics from the two below and then talk for about one minute.You have one minute to prepare yourself.A What is important when...?
Choosing a business-training course
Relevance to my job
Subjects covered
Cost
B What is important when...?
Trying to increase the sales of a product
Advertisements
Strict work schedule
Cutting cost
第五篇：BEC真题
The Stars of the Future
A Existing management research does not tell us much about how to find and develop high-flyers, those people who have the potential to reach the top of an organisation.As a result, organisations are left to formulate their own systems.A more effective overall policy for developing future leaders is needed, which is why the London Business School has launched the Tomorrow's Leaders Research Group(TLRG).The group contains representatives from 20 firms, and meets regularly to discuss the leadership development of the organisations' high-flyers.B TLRG recognizes just how significant line managers are in the process of leadership development.Unfortunately, with today's flat organisations, where managers have functional as well as managerial responsibilities, people development all too often falls victim to heavy workloads.One manager in the research group was unconvinced by the logic of sending his best people away on development courses, 'only to see them poached by another department or, worse still, another firm'.This fear of losing high-flyers runs deep in the organisations that make up the research group.C TLRG argues that the task of management is not necessarily about employee retention, but about creating 'attraction centres'.'We must help line managers to realise that if their companies are known as ones that develop their people, they will have a greater appeal to high-flyers,' said one advisor.Furthermore, selecting people for, say, a leadership development programme is a sign of commitment from management to an individual.Loyalty can then be more easily demanded in return.D TLRG has concluded that a company's HR specialists need to take action and engage with line managers individually about their role in the development of high-flyers.Indeed, in order to benefit fully from training high-flyers as the senior managers of the future, firms must actually address the development of all managers who will be supporting the high-flyers.Without this, managers will not be in a position to give appropriate advice.And when eventually the high-flyers do move on, new ones will be needed to replace them.The next challenge will be to find a new generation of high-flyers.Questions 1-7
Look at the statements below and the article about the development of future business leaders on the opposite page.Which section of the article(A, B, C or D)does each statement(1-7)refer to?
For each statement(1-7), mark one letter(A, B, C or D)on your Answer Sheet.You will need to use some of these letters more than once.Managers need to take action to convince high-flyers of their value to the firm.Organisations need to look beyond the high-flyers they are currently developing.There is a concern that firms investing in training for high-flyers may not gain the benefits themselves.Managers need expert assistance from within their own firms in developing high-flyers.Firms currently identify high-flyers without the support of a guidance strategy.Managers are frequently too busy to deal with the development of high-flyers.Firms who work hard on their reputation as an employer will interest high-flyers.首先得搞明白的是这篇文章到底讲的什么。不用看具体内容，有两个地方直接告诉了。一个是题目说明的第一句话，另一个是正文的标题。从这两个地方就可以看出全文探讨的是公司未来接班人——也就是潜力股——的培养问题。
A段讲了TLRG这个贯穿全文的研究组织诞生的原因：现行的研究满足不了需要，于是大多数公司只能自己探索发掘接班人的模式；（即第五题的答案）
B段讲了直属经理（line managers）对于发掘接班人的重要性（真是干什么都要从基层抓起），以及经理们的一些疑虑；
C段讲的是接班人问题对公司的重要性，并且应该让院线经理们明白这种重要性；
D段是针对前面列出的问题，提出的解决建议，什么专家协助等等。
整篇文章分为四个部分，层层递进，有很强的逻辑性。拿这样的文章来做阅读材料应该是相对容易把握的。
题目解析：
图中蓝色的线为答案潜伏的地方。7个题干基本是将原文中的句子用另外的词语和句型表述出来，所以题干中的关键词都能在正文里 找到与之匹配的，比如第四题题干里的expert对应D段的specialists,第六题的too busy to对应于B段里的heavy workloads，第七题的interest对应于C段的appeal。
第一题说“经理们必须采取措施使潜力股们相信他们对公司的价值”，也就是要让潜力股们对公司忠诚，即C段说的creating “attraction centres”和loyalty。
第二题说“组织必须把目光投向正在培养中的潜力股以外的地方”，即D段最后两句话所说的寻找新一代的潜力股。
第三题和B段的最后一句话完全是一个意思：怕培养潜力股的投入收不回成本。
第四题说开发潜力股，经理们需要在公司内部得到专家支持。答案是D段的第一句话：公司的人力资源专家需要采取行动。HR specialists就是expert。
第五题说公司现在没有在指导策略的支持下辨别潜力股。也就是说公司是依靠自己来发掘人才的。答案是A段的第一句：现行的研究满足不了需要，所以公司只能形成自己的一套体系。
第六题，经理们太忙了，无暇顾及潜力股的发展。答案是B段的：Unfortunately, with today's flat organisations, where managers have functional as well as managerial responsibilities, people development all too often falls victim to heavy workloads.。不幸落在了高工作负荷的人的肩上。高工作负荷，也就是too busy。
第七题，看重作为雇主名声的公司可以吸引潜力股。答案是C段的这么一句：if their companies are known as ones that develop their people, they will have a greater appeal to high-flyers。如果公司是以开发员工而著称的话，将会对潜力股产生更大的吸引。以开发员工而著称（known as ones that develop their people），名声很好，也就是看重自己作为雇主的名声。
1、line managers 直属经理，业务经理
2、flat organization 扁平化的组织，即企业中的单层管理组织
对应的单词hierarchy等级制的公司
3、poach vt.(侵入他人地界)偷猎(或捕鱼), 水煮，剽窃，挖角
eg: A rival firm poached our best computer programmers.我公司的竞争对手把我们最好的计算机程序编制员挖走了。
4、runs deep 纯粹是想说一下那句著名的谚语：Still water runs deep静水流深。
5、fall victim to 成为。。的受害者
B段中的原话：People development all too often falls victim to heavy workloads.人员发展成为高负荷工作的受害者，也就是说经理们因为太忙而无暇顾及潜力股的培养，即第六题的答案。
6、retention 保留，在文中指留住员工。是风险管理中常见的专业名词。
Fighting Fit
Fine Fitness, the health and fitness club operator, announced an impressive set of results yesterday:(19)a 38-per-cent jump in annual pre-tax profits, the company claimed that it had(20)none of the problems(21)last week by its rival, Top Fit.According to Samantha Collier,the chief executive, Fine Fitness(22)strong and is on(23)to reach its target of 100 clubs within three years, its strategy unaffected by the apparent(24)down of the economy.The company opened 12 new clubs in the past year;(25)its total to 51.They have(26)to be highly successful, with people joining in large numbers, especially in the 25-to-40 age range.Even the more(27)clubs are still seeing sales growth, along with rising retention(28)of more than 70 per cent.This can be seen as clear(29)of the appeal of Fine Fitness.Ms Collier admitted that as there were(30)too many companies competing with one another;there would almost certainly be(31)in the health-and-fitness-club sector of the market She predicted that, within a relatively short time, there might be only about three major companies still in(32).However, she declined to say which these were likely to be.Profits rose by £6.3 million, although there was a fall in gross margins from 31 per cent to 28.6 per cent because of higher insurance premiums, extra management costs and start-up expenses for the company's new(33)in Spain.A Stating B Reporting C Remarking D Informing A taken B felt C experienced D caught A released B issued C opened D revealed
A stays B remains C maintains D keeps 23 A track B direction C way D line 24 A falling B breaking C cutting D slowing 25 A bringing B putting C getting D mounting A shown B resulted C proved D demonstrated A installed B formed C established D confirmed A rates B standards C proportions D volumes A witness B sign C display D evidence A purely B merely C simply D barely
A union B consolidation C alliance D combination
A trade B office C commerce D business 33 A trial B venture C proposal D speculation
文章介绍了一个经营健康俱乐部的公司的情况，依旧是形势喜人。
19题，一句话包含三个空，联系在一起做。昨天开会，宣布了一系列结果。报告税前收益增长了38%，公司并没有经历它的竞争对手所暴露的问题。19题选report，20题experienced，21题，revealed by its rival，被竞争对手暴露的问题。
22题，remains strong保持强劲;单看单词的意思，貌似keep也可以(不过说实话，如果不是有同学提醒，我压根想不到会填keep)联系此句上下文，提到了在对手出现问题时这个公司表现依然强劲remain在英文词典的解释是：continue to exist, especially after other similar or related people or things have ceased to exist 在相似或者相关人和事出现状况时仍然存在，所以，remain更符合这个题目的条件
23题，on track 步入正轨。公司正在实现目标的正道上。这个词在其他完型也出现过，不过不是正确答案。
24题，slow down放缓，固定用法。经济放缓。
25题，bring to，使总数达到51，这个题怕是要靠语感。put肯定不对，get to到达，mount在这里用法不对。
26题，proved to be证明是，固定用法
27题，这里填入的词要和前文对照，前面说新开了12家新的俱乐部，这里的空格前有个even和more，所以应该是填入与new相对应的词。established是已确立的(If you use established to describe something such as an organization, you mean that it is officially recognized or generally approved of because it has existed for a long time.)
28题，retention rate保留率，专有名词(Retained earnings divided by total after-tax earnings, expressed as a percentage)，指公司税后收益所保留的那一部分。
29题，公司吸引力的证据。clear evidence明显的证据。不选sign，sign只是迹象。
30题，simply修饰too many从用法和意思上都对，在这里就是表强调的，意思是公司太多了。
31题，consolidation强化、合并(To consolidate a number of small groups or firms means to make them into one large organization.)，有很多的公司相互竞争，所以需要进行一个整合。这是商英里的固定说法。
32题，in business在经营。是说很快这个市场上的公司会淘汰的只剩下三个。
33题，理解了venture的意思就不难做出选择，在这里是指商业冒险，也是商英地道说法。公司要在西班牙进行一些投机活动，因此增加了额外的管理费用。
The secret of success in electronic commerce lies in placing a new emphasis on a well-established area.That area is customer service, which is now the only point of(19)between a business and the buying public.There are a number of factors in a real-world shop that(20)people's perceptions of a business: these(21)the location and the appearance of the premises,the quality and the pricing of the merchandise or services’and the behaviour of the staff.However, if a company is trying to make a good impression with online customers,most of these factors do not(22)a part.In the(23)of these factors, the way customers are(24)when they have a reason to call has a fundamental effect on a company's ability to retain them as customers.Even more than regular telephone or in-person customers, web customers are impatient，easily frustrated and always conscious that they have other places where they can(25)their business.Preventing them from doing that means meeting them on their own(26)and providing them with what they want.This necessity, in(27)，means that companies that sell over the net must get back-end functions right.Imposing(28)requirements on customers will not work;a business that(29)on customers emailing for assistance instead of using the phone, for example, will lose repeat custom.If the phone is used, it must be answered(30), and the staff should look for ways of helping even the most awkward customers(31), as is more usual,trying to find some(32)to blame the customer for any problem.An important，final point is that it is vital that all addresses，web links and phone numbers work properly and efficiently.This ought to(33)without saying.Experience，however, shows that it does not.19、A relationship B association C.meeting D contact
20、A force B determine C decide D fix
21、A enclose B consist C include D contain
22、A get B run C play D have
23、A absence B lack C need D scarcity
24、A cared B treated C dealt D considered
25、A deliver B bring C move D take
26、A policies B standards C terms D conditions
27、A turn B sequence C line D order
28、A dense B rigid C deep D solid
29、A demands B insists C expects D instructs
30、A punctually B precisely C promptly D presently
31、A apart from B other than C except for D rather than
32、A case B excuse C fault D purpose
33、A do B make C go D come
我个人认为，完形填空这种题型属于BEC阅读里相对不容易把握的。其他几个部分多参照原文就能找到答案，而完形填空的答案有的时候靠分析是得不出结果的，因为会考到一些固定用法，而且是商务英语里的固定用法。固定用法一时半会是无法积累的。要想做好BEC里的完形填空，一是要掌握一定的解题技巧(比如排除法和猜题)，二是要培养商务英语的感觉。感觉的培养也有两种途径，一个是多读原版商业英语文章，另一个就是把历年BEC真题里的完形填空原文填上空缺的单词反复朗读。
这篇名为《电子商务成功秘诀》的文章主要分析了从事电子商务必须考虑的几个factor。重点考虑的是如何服务客户，不是在线的，而是电话。
19题首先考的就是一个固定的商务英语用法。Point of contact, 接触点。商业词典的解释：Person or a department serving as the coordinator or focal point of an activity or program.英文WIKI的解释：A point of contact(POC, also single point of contact or SPOC)is the identification of, and means of communication with, person(s)and organizations(s)associated with the resource(s).26题，on one's own terms,根据某人自己的主张。联系此句上下文，是说电子商务的客户不好伺候，得按照他们的意思来提供他们想要的。所以后面的28题应该选择rigid，僵硬的。意思是不能把一些僵硬的要求强加在客户的身上。
27题，in turn相应的;in sequence按顺序，依次;in line成一直线;in order整齐，秩序井然。
31题，后面的as is more usual是插入语，在这里完全可以忽略不计，联系整个句子的意思。是说员工应该想办法对付哪怕是最难对付的客户，而不是找借口去指责客户。所以应选rather than(而不是)。apart from相当于except for，除了„外(都),other than相当于except，除„以外。
32题，理解了上下文，应该选excuse。与fault相关的短语是find fault with 33题，go without saying固定用法，不言而喻的意思。
0 Regular meetings with clients are important to a healthy collaboration.They
00 may be set up by the client, for example to review with the progress of current
projects, to give new instructions that may have lead to a contract variation
or to discuss any concerns.The client meeting which can also be arranged 36 by you or another member of your company to attract from new business, to 37 address a problem unless that needs to be solved or to give an update or status 38 report on current business ventures.Your part is in these meetings will dictate
the kind of information you need and how you should prepare for them.If you
will be responding to questions put by your client, the material you present
should deal in specifically with the request that was made.The meeting should not
only move off the agenda without the permission of the person you are meeting.43 If you have prepared properly, you should be able to anticipate both questions and
to respond properly.If you are put on the spot and asked for details you do not 45 have, respond honestly-do not speak about matters as you are not familiar with.一般短文改错常出现的错误有短语搭配、语法，还有根据上下文含义选出不合适的词。所以想做好改错，要有一定的语言基础，还得从整体上把握整篇文章。
34题，如果这里有have，那么后面的lead应用分词形式led(may have done)，而且考虑这里的时态，并不是已经完成，而是表示可能导致的结果。所以去掉have。
35题，这里的which必须去掉，如果不去的话，这个句子就缺少谓语动词。
36题，attract是及物动词，后面不需要from。
37题，根据前后文的意思，unless是多余的。
38题，“your part...”这个句子里有两个谓语动词，必须去掉it。
39题是对的，不知会不会有人认为这里的how可以去掉。从语法上说how去留都行，但是从后面的意思看，每个人必须根据自己的角色来做准备工作，所以how必须保留。
41题，deal with是固定短语，in是多余的。
42题，从整个句子的意思和语法上看，only都是多余的。
43题，如果both要保留，and后面的内容就必须与questions并列，可这里and后面的内容是与前面的to anticipate并列，所以both去掉。
45题，后面的you are not familiar with是修饰matters的，as在这里很多余。
Look at the statements below and the advice to businesses on the opposite page about using other companies to run their IT services.1、the need to teach skills to employees working on the outsourced process
2、remembering the initial reason for setting up the outsourced project
3、the need to draw up agreements that set out how integration is to be achieved
4、addressing the issue of staff who work on the outsourced process being at a distant site
5、the importance of making someone responsible for the integration process
6、staff on the outsourced project familiarising themselves with various details of the business
7、problems being associated with an alternative to outsourcing
When a business decides to outsource its IT services, it needs to consider the question of integration.Four experts give their views.A.Gianluca Tramcere, Silica Systems
An outsourced IT service is never a fully independent entity.It is tied to the home company's previous and continuing systems of working.But despite the added responsibility of managing new ways of working, many businesses ignore the integration process.They fail to establish contracts that define the ways in which the two companies will work alongside one another, and focus solely on the technological aspects of service delivery.B.Kevin Rayner, Domola
Businesses need to build integration competency centres dedicated to managing the integration effort.It is critical to have an individual in charge to check that the external and internal business operations work together.Although companies often think of outsourcing as a way of getting rid of people and assets, they need to remember that, at the same time, outsourcing involves gaining people.Because there is a new operation being carried out in a different way outside of the home business, this creates a training element.C.Clayton Locke, Digital Solutions
Communication is the key to success, and outsourcing to other regions or countries can lead to a range of problems.For any such initiative, it is necessary to create a team where there is good, open communication and a clear understanding of objectives and incentives.Bringing people to the home location from the outsourced centre is necessary, since it can aid understanding of the complexities of the existing system.To integrate efficiently, outsourcing personnel have to talk to the home company's executives and users to understand their experiences.D.Kim Noon, J G Tech One way to avoid the difficulties of integration is to create a joint-venture company with the outsourcer.Thus, a company can swap its assets for a share of the profits.Yet joint ventures bring potential troubles, and companies should be careful not to lose sight of the original rationale for outsourcing: to gain cost efficiencies and quality of service in an area that for some reason could not be carried out entirely in-house.The complexities and costs of a joint-venture initiative should not be underestimated.Read the article below about the changing role of human resources departments.The best person for the job
Employees can make a business succeed or fail, so the people who choose themhave a vital role to play.Employees are a company’s new ideas, its public face and its main asset.Hiring the right people is therefore a significant factor in a company’s success.(0)G If the human resources department makes mistakes with hiring, keeping and dismissing staff, a business can disappear overnight.Many companies now realise that recruiting the best recruiters is the key to success.Sarah Choi, Head of HR at Enco pic, believes that thinking commercially is a key quality in HR.Every decision an HR manager makes needs to be relevant to advancing the business.(8)...C.....That’s no longer the case.HR managers have to think more strategically these days.They continually need to think about the impact of their decisions on the bottom line.(9).....F...For example,a chief executive will expect the HR department to advise on everything from the headcount to whether to proceed with an acquisition.Why do people go into HR in the first place? Choi has a ready answer.I think most people in the profession are attracted by a long-term goal.(10)....D......Nothing happens in the company which isn’t affected by or doesn’t impact on its employees, so the HR department is a crucialpart of any business.Not all operational managers agree.An informal survey of attitudes to HR departments that was carried out last year by a leading business journal received comments such as “What do they actually contribute?”(11).....A.....As Choi points out, salaries have never been higher and, in addition, HR managers often receive substantial annual bonuses.Despite the financial rewards, HR managers often feel undervalued, and this is a major reason for many leaving their jobs.(12)...E......However, a lack of training and development is a more significant factor.These days, good professional development opportunities are considered an essential part of an attractive package,Choi explains.A But rising levels of remuneration demonstrate that the profession’s growing importance is widely recognised.B At one time, a professional qualification was required in order to progress to the top of HR.C Other departments and senior executives used to see HR managers as having a purely administrative role.D Since it’s one of the few areas where you can see the whole operation, it can lead to aninfluential role on the board.E Being seen as someone who just ticks off other people’s leave and sick days does not help build a sense of loyalty.F They therefore need to be competent in many aspects of a company’s operations.G On the other hand, recruiting the wrong staff can lead to disaster.这篇文章的标题有些misleading，“The best people for the job”，还以为是招人的标准。其实这篇文章是关于Human resource的，所以还是要适当关注文章前的说明：the article below about the changing role of human resources departments.第八题，空格后面的“That’s no longer the case”是很重要的提示。由于空格前面一直在强调commercial和business，所以在空缺的地方应该是和另一个方面相关的内容。选项C的administrative role正好满足这个要求。前后文意思搭配在一起完全吻合。
第九题，后面的for example的很关键，是对前面的补充说明。“For example,a chief executive will expect the HR department to advise on everything from the headcount to whether to proceedwith an acquisition.”总裁希望人力资源经理对一切事情提出建议，从人数统计到是否进行收购。这种要求就需要人力资源经理具备很多才能。所以F的句子填在这里最合适。
第十题，答案稍微不那么明显，不过D句中的an influential role可以和第十题的空格后的a crucial part相对应，算是答案信号。要从整体上把握第三段，这里认为HR manager 的影响是全局的、长期的，所以D句的“see the whole operation”符合情况。
第十一题，理解前后文的意思，前面说过去的operational managers不那么认可HR manager的作用，后面指出HR managers挣得多，所以中间是转折的意思。A句的But是个信号，“上涨的薪酬水平意味着这个职位逐渐增加的重要性得到了广泛的认可。”意思和前后都吻合，所以是正确答案。
第十二题，空格前说HR managers觉得自己的作用被低估了，所以leaving。空格后一个However，所以空格处应该还是和leaving有关的，为什么离职。E句的意思是“被视作仅仅对别人的离开和生病的日子划勾的人是没法帮助建立忠诚感的。”填入此处正好。
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