英语课后

第一篇：英语课后

大学第一册unit1

Why I like to learn English Why I hate to learn English Keys Why I like to learn English I have learned English for about seven years.I should say that I am highly motivated to master English.First of all, learning English is useful, as it is becoming a world language and people from different countries often communicate with one another in English.If I am good at English, it will be much easier for me to communicate with them.Secondly, I like traveling a lot.A good mastery of English will make things much easier for me when traveling around the world.Finally, I like literature a lot.If I am very good at English, I can read great works by Shakespeare and Dickens and many other English writers instead of reading the translated versions.(118 words)Why I hate to learn English I have learned English for about seven years.I should say the more I learn English, the more I hate it.First of all, learning English is boring.I have to memorize many new words or rely on a dictionary to frequently check unknown words.Doing so wastes a lot of my precious time.Secondly, I don't understand why we have to learn a foreign language.I don't want to go abroad and I can always find a job that doesn't need English in China.Finally, I can always read translated versions of the books I want to read.So, if I don't have to learn English, I would rather use the time I spend on English to do things I like.(121 words)大学第一册unit2 1.I was very unhappy with my mother father the other day...2.I was grateful that my mother father criticised me the other day...Keys 1.I was very unhappy with my father the other day.He must have called out to me for help with some housework, but I was so absorbed in reading that I didn't hear him.He stepped into my room, apparently in anger, grabbed my book and threw it on the floor.I got upset and insisted that he should pick it up and apologize to me.When he remained silent, I ran out and went off to play games with my friends in the neighbourhood.When it was turning dark, I saw my father looking around for me.He patted me on the head and walked back home with me, his arm wrapped around my shoulder.When I got home, I saw my book had “returned” to my reading table.(130 words)2.I was grateful that my mother criticised me the other day.I had been asking her for money to buy all kinds of things that my friends have — a new pair of shoes or some new clothes.Every time I was refused, I played the same trick-threatening to pour the dish she cooked for the family into the river.My mother gave in each time I threatened to do that, but one day, she criticised me really hard.She scolded me for being selfish and inconsiderate and asked me to sit in a corner and reflect on my own behaviour.I couldn't believe my mother would be so angry with me and I grew afraid.I learned a good lesson and changed a lot afterwards.I was thankful that my mother made me realize my mistakes.(139 words)大学第一册unit3

a.Describe a few of your own personality traits.Then identify your favourite colour and see if the descriptions of the colour in Text B match your personality.b.Think of the person you admire most.Write two personality traits that you like most about this person.Remember to give an example for each personality trait.c.Imagine that you had been given a wish to change your life.Write about two personality traits that you would like to have and give your reasons.d.Write about a person whom you dislike most and give one or two reasons or examples why you dislike him or her so much.Keys a.I have been described by many friends as a warm, sociable, and outgoing extravert.I find it easy to make new friends and I enjoy the company of people who share similar characteristics as I.When I am at a party, many people including those I do not know, will talk to me.I am not a great beauty, neither am I rich and intelligent.In fact, I am just a very simple person who is happy and smiles a lot.Maybe being happy is the attraction.I like bright colours, especially red.It is said that people who like red are passionate and have a lot of energy.I agree that I am enthusiastic about many things and like doing many things at the same time.So it seems there is some truth after all in what colours say about a person's personality.(141words)b.The person I admire most is my father's youngest brother.He is known to us as ba shu because he is the eighth son in a family of eleven.He is a high achiever.Since young, he has done well in his studies and work.For example, he received a prestigious scholarship to study at a well-known medical school in England.Today, at the age of 62, he is still as outstanding.He is a well-respected surgeon and has won many awards.What I like most about ba shu is his sensitive nature, especially toward children who are born unlucky.He has volunteered his time and made sacrifices to help those in poor and developing countries.His strong desire to bring happiness to these people has impressed me a lot.(131 words)

c.If I were given a wish to have two personality traits, I would choose to be an optimistic and creative person.I would like to be an optimistic person because those who are optimistic are usually satisfied and contented with what they have.They seldom let sadness be a part of their life.I want to be happy and being optimistic is one way to remain happy.I also would like to be creative.I think that creativity is inherited.Some may disagree and say that we can learn to be creative.However, no matter how hard one learns, it is those born with the talent of creativity who will make a great name for themselves like the famous poet Li Bai and the richest man in the world, Bill Gates.(131 words)d.Here is no one person I dislike most but there are a couple of personality traits that I cannot tolerate: aggressiveness and selfishness.Aggressive people do not consider others' feelings and will not think twice about hurting even those closest to them.I once had a neighbour who would beat his wife one day and appear loving the next.His wife lived in fear constantly but could do nothing because he was in control of her.Another personality trait I dislike is selfishness.Like aggressive people, selfish people only think of themselves.There are many everyday examples of selfishness such as those not willing to lend things to others and those not wanting to share exam tips even with their best friends.If you know someone with a combination of aggressiveness and selfishness, you should consider whether to call him or her a friend.(143 words)大学第一册unit4

My GG—that's my great-grandma — lived in Maine many years ago.Keys My GG — that's my great-grandma — lived in Maine many years ago with her Mom, Dad and four sisters.Life was difficult then, but GG's parents tried their best to make their children happy.One Christmas they gave GG a beautiful doll with an exquisite porcelain face and long brown hair.The eyes of the doll opened and closed vividly.GG loved her doll so much that she played with her for a long time and didn't want to separate with her until it was time for Christmas dinner.GG laid the doll down gently on the hall table.But before long she heard a loud crash — GG's baby sister had pulled her doll off the table and it was smashed into pieces.Though GG's mother tried to put the doll together again, it couldn't be done.The doll was gone for ever.And so was GG's baby sister when she died of pneumonia a few years later.It was a deeply unhappy experience in GG's life.大学第一册unit5 Task One: In about 100-120 words, write about an incident of misunderstanding between you and your mother / father.Tell us about how it all started and what happened in the end.Task Two: In about 100-120 words, describe the similarities and differences in the way your father and mother show their love for you.Be sure to give examples.Keys Task One: One afternoon, I was wandering along the main street of our small town with a friend.Suddenly I saw my mother.She was behaving very strangely.She looked around before going quickly into a shop.When she came out, she had a box in her hand.I was terrified.I knew some of my villagers resorted to theft because they were poor.The thought that my mother could be one of them drove me crazy.I was determined to find out the truth from her.When I questioned her, tears filled her eyes.She told me she was collecting beer cans from some kind shop owners who offered them to her, but would feel embarrassed if she was seen by others.I cried and hugged her and felt sorry that I had misunderstood my own mother.(136 words)Task Two: My parents differ greatly in showing their love for me.While my mother appears more anxious and depressed if anything goes wrong with me, my father tends to be silent and expresses his concern for me mainly through actions rather than words.I still remember the day when I left home for university.When my mother was in tears and kept giving me endless advice, my father remained silent.But when he saw an ice-cream man on the platform, he rushed towards him and got me an ice-cream just before the train started to move.I learned from my mother later that father locked himself up in his room after returning home and cried for the first time in his life.I never expected that my departure would trigger such an emotional response from my father.(134 words)

大学第一册unit6 a.I like Christmas because...b.I dislike Christmas because...Keys a.I like Christmas because the festive atmosphere created by the occasion is so overwhelming.You can see pretty seasonal decorations everywhere, Christmas lights, flowers, and pictures of Father Christmas with a smiling face.You may even meet a “real” Father Christmas on the street busy handing out candies to kids.The atmosphere does lift everybody's spirits, since joy and excitement seem to be contagious.Everyone around us looks happier and is more patient with each other during the festive season.We send each other Christmas greetings and give Christmas gifts to our friends and relatives.Even friends who have not been in constant touch also “appear” again at this time to send their regards.(113words)b.I do not like Christmas because today's Christmas has been entirely commercialized.Shops try all sorts of tricks to attract customers, by putting up fanciful Christmas decorations, by offering seasonal discounts and even by asking somebody to play Father Christmas to give out gifts.Behind all the smiles and the beautiful decorations, I do not see genuine care or a spirit of giving;I only see one word, which is “profit”.Everybody does Christmas shopping at this time to get Christmas gifts for their family members or friends.As for me, I believe it is more important to show care and concern for my family members and friends all year round than just give them a “once a year” Christmas gift.(121 words)大学第一册unit7 a.In your own words, write down your experience or story similar to any one of the five stories in Text B.b.How I get along with my fellow students.c.How I get along with my family.Keys a.One of my teachers in my high school was an Australian teacher.Always smartly dressed with a shirt and tie, he was a very kind person and would go all the way to help others.Once I needed a book to study which was not available in China, so I asked him for help.He bought it in Australia and sent it to me immediately.I also learned another incident which I can never forget.One year, he came back to China on a business trip and was asked by many Chinese parents to take some luggage to their children studying in Australia.The luggage he was asked to take was so heavy that he got fined 20,000 Hong Kong dollars at the airport.From this Australian teacher, I have come to realize what selfless love is all about.(141words)b.I think I am an easy-going person and get along with my fellow students really well.I get along particularly well with my roommates, who share the same dormitory with me.We often play poker together and laugh and joke together.Once in a while we need to clean up our dormitory in order to win the award for the cleanest dormitory in the whole grade.Whenever we need to do that, we really work as a team and help one another in doing the best job we can.Though we still haven't won such an award yet, the kind of collaboration between us during the big cleaning activity really helps to strengthen our existing strong friendship.I am sure I will cherish my relationship with my fellow students and especially with my roommates in the years to come.(139 words)c.I live in a big family of three children, with one elder brother and one younger sister.I get along well with them all and in particular with my elder brother.During our childhood years, my brother and I needed to do a lot of household chores together, looking after the cattle on the hill and collecting firewood in bushy mountains far away from home.Though only four years older than me, he would always try to protect me and help me when I was unable to cope with my part of the work.Sometimes we also fought with each other.But every time I cried after the fighting, my parents would scold him or even give him a good beating, for which I would laugh silently and secretly.Of course, we never fight with each other any more.(139 words)大学第二册unit1

Write an essay(of about 150 words)about a memorable experience in which forgiveness or a smile worked to clear up misunderstanding or improved the relationship between you and someone else.2)Write an essay(of about 150 words)about human relationships in our society.The following hints might serve as a guide: a.The problems existing in the relationships between people in our society.b.The negative results such problems may bring about to our society.c.What you can do to establish a harmonious society as a student.Keys 1)In my middle school years, I had a best friend.We talked about everything.And we loved singing songs together.Once, however, there was a bitter quarrel between us and we stopped talking to each other.It was obvious that both of us wanted to keep the friendship, but neither had the courage to break the ice.It went on like this for months.Then, one day we were asked to write about friendship.I wrote in my composition what friendship meant to me and the misunderstanding that had separated us.It was given the top mark, and I was asked to read it in class.When I ended my presentation with the words from our favourite song, my friend was singing along.All misunderstanding was cleared and once again we were best friends.To break down the walls between people is easy;all it takes is a little forgiveness!(150 words)2)We are living in a world of distrust.We live behind cold security bars;we do not talk to strangers, let alone go out of our way to help them;we live in fear of fake products.In short, fear and feelings of insecurity fill the environment we live in.All this greatly harms our society.Growing up in such an environment, we tend to feel isolated and care about ourselves only.If things go on like this, “trust”, “teamwork”, and “harmony” will eventually become terms unheard of.In my opinion, trusting others and being trustworthy are the two basic principles that we should follow if we want to improve human relationships.We may not be in a position to change others, but we can change the way others see us by winning their trust in us.Mutual understanding and love are the pillars that support a harmonious society.(151 words)大学第二册unit3 Write a narrative essay(of about 150 words)about your pursuit of a dream or someone's experiences in making his / her dream come true.2)People may have different opinions about the key factors for success.Write a short essay(of about 150 words)and share your opinions with your classmates.Keys 1)Li Hui, my friend in high school, was born into a worker's family.She began to dream of becoming a cartoon artist from her childhood.To her disappointment, her parents strongly opposed her career choice, because the cost of her education would be too high for the poor family, and they were worried about the job opportunities for a cartoon artist.However, Li Hui would not change her mind.She worked hard to perfect her skills and searched persistently for ways to realise her dream.Just before she finished high school, the chance came: a famous art school was holding a cartoon drawing competition.The first three winners would be given a scholarship to study cartoon drawing at the school.Li Hui told herself not to let the chance slip through her fingers.She readily participated and won the second place.She is now studying there and I feel certain that her dream will come true.(156 words)2)In my opinion, before a person becomes successful, he or she should fully understand the basic elements of success: competence, determination and optimism.For a person to succeed, he or she has to face great competition and excel in his or her chosen career.The person needs to demonstrate and prove his or her competence in dealing with problems.Without competence, the person can neither stand out among the crowd nor attract the attention of those who hold the keys to the doors of opportunity and advancement.Yet ability alone cannot guarantee success.Often enough, things do not go the way we have planned and failure is unavoidable no matter how intelligent or capable we may be.In such cases one needs to remain firm and optimistic, always believing that hard work will eventually pay off.If the person gives up halfway, success will never knock at the door.(149 words)大学第二册unit4

Having read the two passages in this unit, you may have come to a better understanding of life and the times when pessimistic and optimistic thoughts take turns to affect your behaviour.Write a letter of encouragement(of about 150 words)to one of your high school friends who failed in the college entrance examination.Tell him or her about your new understanding of the need to remain optimistic.2)The writers of the two texts in this unit convey to us the message that we need to look at the positive side of anything that comes to us and that we need to take an optimistic and positive attitude toward life.Write an essay(of about 150 words).The following hints may be of some help: a.What is meant by “thinking positively”? b.What is the connection between success and optimism? c.How can we keep an optimistic and positive attitude?

Keys 1)Dear Weihua, I know you are still feeling upset about your results in the college entrance examination.I've just read an article about how pessimistic and optimistic thoughts can affect our behaviour and I'm now sending you a copy, hoping that it will help you step out of the shadows.Naturally, failing the college entrance examination can be very depressing, yet if you continue to dwell on the past, you will never be able to pick yourself up and focus on what is more important for now and the future.Life is full of trials and anyone may suffer setbacks.We must take an optimistic attitude towards the things we have to deal with.Optimism and positive thinking are powerful forces.Good things do come true if we picture them often.Please do have confidence in your potential.Just work hard and prepare for another chance.You will make it.Yours, Janet(152 words)2)Thinking positively means allowing your mind to be filled with optimistic feelings, and always hoping for the best though still aware of the difficulties that might be involved.The human mind is powerful;thoughts of optimism and pessimism can be a self-fulfilling prophecy.Though it might seem impossible to some, positive thinking and success actually have a cause-and-result relationship.The reason is that a person with positive thinking will always broadcast goodwill and confidence and that kind of radiating attitude will take a hold on everybody.Gradually, people's attitude will shift towards more trust and respect.This not only opens up more opportunities for the individual, but it also feeds back emotionally, and the cycle continues.Though the shaping of a positive or negative personality often happens subconsciously, it is possible to control such processes consciously.A person can try visualizing favourable situations, whether it is remembering a contest won as a child or imagining getting that job offer so long sought after.Over time circumstances will change accordingly.（169 words）

大学第二册unit5

Many stories have demonstrated to us that character is something that gives life meaning and depth, and we can enjoy true happiness only by making character the guideline of our lives.Have you had any experience or read any story that conveys the message? Write an essay(of about 150 words)based on your understanding of the importance of character.2)

Based on what you have learned from both Texts A and B, write an essay(of about 150 words)about the moral condition of our society.Your essay may cover the following points: a.Some cases in which mutual trust in our society is lacking.b.Consequences of the absence of mutual trust.c.What we can do to improve the situation or to enhance mutual trust.Keys 1)

A widespread belief in modern society is that with talent, personal effort and luck alone a person can succeed, regardless of character.However, history has proven over and over again that the morally defective cannot be truly successful, even if they at times enjoy some temporary glory.A typical example is found in the story of four brilliant Cambridge students.They were all talented and eventually worked their way up to very important positions in the British government, with one even ending up working in Buckingham Palace.During and after World War II, however, they betrayed their country by giving away national secrets to the Soviet Union, which damaged the interests of Britain in many ways.Eventually what they had done was uncovered.Three of them fled the country and ended up in exile;the fourth lost his knighthood in disgrace.“Intelligent” and “successful” as they once were, they are now remembered as traitors to their country.(157 words)2)

As modern society advances, we are growing more suspicious of each other.This is clearly reflected in our reaction to advertisements.Instead of seeing advertisements as a source of reliable information, we tend to doubt the truth they claim and always assume that the producers are trying to trick customers into buying their products.One of the most serious consequences of such absence of mutual trust is the constant doubt and anxiety within our own minds.If we see everyone else as a potential enemy, we can no longer make new friends;if we regard all information passed on to us as lies, how can we make use of such sources effectively?

Mutual trust is the glue that holds human society together.As students, we should try to foster mutual trust and help build up a moral society by our own deeds.If we are honest to others and foster mutual trust, we shall soon see the difference.(158 words)大学第二册unit6

Based on Text A and what you've discussed in “Voicing Your Views”, write a short essay(of about 150 words)entitled “A Creative Person” in accordance with the following outline:a.A creative person I know b.The traits that can be found in him / her 2)Some sayings in our life sound so familiar and natural to us that we take them for granted without a second thought.Do you realize that when you take them as “absolute truths”, you are locking your mind and creativity? Write a brief comment on such a saying in about 150 words.Keys 1)

A Creative Person My physics professor is a very creative person.His research project for his doctoral dissertation dealt with a very complicated physics problem at a time when many others thought it was impossible to solve it.But he creatively introduced a new concept and finally resolved the theoretical and experimental contradiction.He possesses many unique traits.He is very energetic and hard-working.He chairs the Physics Department and teaches many hours a week.Meanwhile, he is in charge of the university's technology research.Obviously he is an efficient worker.My professor can be eccentric, once he shocked the whole class by saying “Good physics, everyone” instead of “Good morning, everyone”.But above all, my professor has a sincere interest and a strong passion in his research field.No wonder he is highly respected by both his colleagues and his students.(140 word)2)Popular Sayings May Become “Mental Locks” To cultivate a creative mind, one needs to chip away at one's “mental locks”.Some of the “mental locks” are shaped by popular sayings, which sound so familiar to us that we tend to take them for granted.Instructive as they may be, these common statements may restrict our freedom to think.“Look before you leap!” We make this remark to caution someone to think carefully before making a decision or taking an action.It may seem sound advice, but it may also put him or her in a passive position.He or she may just keep “looking” round and without making a “leap”.Similarly, we may say to the same person, “Don't let the chance slip through your fingers!” Then, the person may be motivated to act promptly, regardless of the consequences.In either case, the personal may fall victim to popular sayings.So, if we want to come up with a new idea, we must break up the “mental locks” that close our minds.大学第二册unit7

The questions listed below may serve as an outline.1)What does a team player mean? 2)Why do we need team players? 3)How do we make ourselves team players? Keys A team player is someone who can work well with other people in a team.But it is not enough just to get along with others.A true team player must be more positive and constructive than just following the herd;he or she must also be able to play an active part in decision-making.Our society demands team players because by gathering all our various strengths together, we can accomplish more in a shorter time.It is because of teamwork that most businesses are able to function properly.To become team players we must learn to compromise.When our views conflict with the general view of the team we must restrain our egos and listen to what others say.We should learn how to deal with criticism in a mature way;be honest and be aware of others' feelings.

第二篇：英语课后反思

英语课后反思

11月8日，在教育局进修学校的组织下，全县的小学英语教师观摩了六位优秀教师的课堂教学。这几节课可以说让在座的各位老师品尝了一顿丰盛的知识大餐，为我们的英语课堂教学指明了方向。在几节课中，他们注重激发学生的学习兴趣，提高学生的口语和交流表达的能力。使学生在情景中学习和运用语言。

我感觉各位老师教学过程很顺利，师生间配合也还默契。下面是我对这节课的反思。

优点：上课的流程快，不拖拉，时间安排得当，操练的方式丰富，游戏设计新颖，学生们都积极踊跃乐于加入其中。但他们的课又各有特色。张老师注重学生能力的培养，她大胆地放手让学生自主学习，给学生锻炼和表现的机会，充分将课堂还给了学生。她的很多做法都值得我们学习，例如她让学生注意倾听学生的回答，及时纠错，长此以往，学生养成了认真听课的习惯。她的这节课的容量特别大，学生在学会了主题句型之后，通过let’read的学习，让学生在一定的语言环境中运用语言。学生的能力不是一朝一夕培养的，由此可见，张老师在平时的课堂教学中注重了对学生使用语言的训练。陈老师的课设计新颖，特别是操练的方式非常丰富，极大地激发了学生的学习兴趣。陈老师比较有个性，课上得也很真实，这生动的一课给在座的各位老师留下了深刻的印象。她的课堂教学环环相扣，紧紧抓住学生眼球，吸引学生的注意力，打造了高效课堂。朱老师流利的口语，会馨的微笑，和谐的课堂气氛，无不让在座的老师拍手叫好。

当然个别教师的课也存在一些问题：

第一、单词呈现形式较单一，只是一种形式就是图片展示，其实可以加入动作语言用不同的形式呈现单词。

第二、先进行基本的句子练习，多练习之后在进行巩固，练习可以采用不同的形式，小组间，男女生之间，同桌之间，让学生都参与进来。

第三、多听录音，让学生多接触真实语言。在授课过程中尽量少用中文，做到按需，需要是在说，尽量用学生学过的英语解释他们刚接触的新知识。通过这次课，我深深地感受到，教师应该真真正正的关注每一名学生的发展，把学生的兴奋细胞统统调动起来，才能让学生真正的成为课堂上的小主人。

通过这次听课之后，我对英语教学又有了进一步的了解，作为教师要不断的学习不断的完善自己，才能取得更大的进步。篇二：英语教学课后反思

英语教学课后反思

在本学期的教学中，深刻的感受到，在新课程的改革中，教学中教师首先必须转变思想观念，提高认识，深刻理解新课程标准的内涵，树立新的课程观。在第一学期的教学中，我认识到以下几个问题：

一、刚学英语的时候，学生对英语这门课程充满好奇，喜欢学习、模仿。但是，我发现自从小学读了两年后，好奇心逐渐减弱。随着学习难度的增加，学生产生了消极情感，没有兴趣，甚至厌学。

二、教师面对一些整体学生进行教学的态度误区。教师对学生学习英语的要求过于严格，不能注意到学生的差异性，没有发现他们接受语言的快慢程度，最终导致有的学生吃得饱，有的学生吃不饱。吃不饱的那部分学生就会产生以下情绪：上课或讲练习的时候，会马虎，注意力不集中。

三、教师在有些知识点讲过后，有的甚至操练了多遍，反反复

复强调了，学生仍没有掌握。有些教师就责怪学生，并因此加强反复训练。于是在教师的责怪声中，在枯燥的联系中，学生的学习兴趣消失了。

从以上几个问题中，我体会到：学生学习语言的能力是因人而

异的。有差别是正常的，要教好每一个学生，但不能要求每一个学生都一样、一个模式，不能要求学生都按一个模式去发展，而是开发学生不同的潜能，发展学生学英语的各方面能力。而且教师可根据不同学生之间的差异去因材施教。

我认为关键是从激发学生的兴趣入手。教师在英语教学中，让

学生做到听、说、读、写并举，眼、耳、口、鼻、脑并用，是激发学生学好英语的关键。学生的学习类型是有差异的。而没有学习兴趣的差异更大；学生的喜爱也不一样，有的喜欢听说法，有的喜欢阅读法。因此，英语教师必须运用多元化的教学方法，激发每个学生的学习兴趣，能让他们喜欢英语。

听是学习英语的第一步。在长期的实践教学中，教师们发现学

生语音、语调不正确，主要是由于听的不够、模仿不当造成的。教师应训练学生多听英、美人士的发音，正确地模仿。目前各个学校都已设置了语音室，配置了录音机、录像机等现代化教学工具，为教师教、学生学创造了一定的条件与语言场景。但是，上学期，这些设备使用较少，听力操练的不够多，因此，造成期末考试中，听力这一大题失分较多。

读是学习英语的第二步。让学生听了之后要开口读出来是很困

难的，学生往往胆子小或怕难为情，不敢在课堂上大声的读出来。因此，要以鼓励为主，鼓励学生胆子大一点，大声读出来，这也是提高英语的办法之一。

总之，对学生进行语言教学任重道远。我们要在实践中不断探

索，以丰富多彩的“形”式来点缀、深化英语知识的“神”采，把孩子们带到一个原汁原味的英语境界中，不断激发其学习兴趣，让课堂充满活力、充满情趣，让学生们学起来有滋有味，轻松自如。篇三：怎样写英语教学反思

怎样写英语教学反思

课后反思对我们每一位老师的成长都很重要，在课后反思中写些什么呢？我认为应写一些在本单元学生在单词，或是在句型等方面的困难点，或是在本单元用的教学方法，还有就是学会听他人的课.把其教学过程进行记录下来,对其教学中的做法进行分析和推敲,记下你的体会,试想你上课会出现的情景,......多实际,多体会,多推敲,或许你会有你自己的观点去写教学反思。还有更重要的是多层次反思 ：

这节课上的知识容量是否过多，语言点难点学生是否能接受。2 反思你的教学设计在课堂上的“运行情况”，或者课堂的生成给你的新的启发，使你在回顾教案上，重建你当初的教学思路

学生的学习情况如何，即使是学的比较开心，也要考虑下是否效率高。

英语教学反思的步骤：

1、对教学目标的反思 ：教学目标是影响课堂教学成败的重要因素。反思教学目标是否全面，教师应多思考“我为什么要这样做”。教师要根据整节课的教学实践及学生掌握知识的情况，反思自己所定的教学目标是否符合新教材的特点，是否符合学生的实际情况。学生通过该节课的学习，是否达到教学目标的要求。2.对教学内容的反思。反思教学内容的科学性、思想性和趣味性是否符合学生年龄特点。通过游戏和歌曲，学生兴趣浓厚，求知欲很强。学生借助多媒体，带着问题参观学校。引人入胜的画面，生动的对话，很好地调动了学生的学习积极性。学生都踊跃就课文内容相互提问并解答，以一问一答的方式迅速理解并掌握课文。3.对教学方法的反思

（1）反思是否以系统的观点为指导，选择合适的教学方法。教学方法的选择和运用要依据以下几方面：教学目的和任务，教学规律和原则，各种教学方法的功能、适用范围和使用条件，学生的实际水平和可接受水平，教师本身的素养和学校提供的条件等。

（2）反思能否根据教学方法的外部形态和学生认识活动的特点，优化教学方法。各种教学 方法都有其优点和缺点，通过反思，能有机地把各种教学方法结合起来，发挥其最大效用，全面发展学生听、说、读、写等英语学习能力。

第三篇：英语课后翻译

1）1）我们的计算机系统出了毛病，但我觉得问题比较小。(minor)a)

We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it's fairly minor

2）父亲去世时我还小，不能独立生活。就在那时，家乡的父老接过了养育我（my upbringing）的责任。

a)(at that point)My father died when I was too young to live on my own.The people of my hometown took over(responsibility for)my upbringing at that point.3）这些玩具必得在达到严格的安全要求后才可出售给儿童。(requirement)

a)The toys have to meet strict/tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children.4）作为新闻和舆论的载体（carrier），广播和电视补充了而不是替代了报纸。(supplement, rather than)

a)Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion.5）至于这本杂志，它刊载世界各地许多报章杂志上文章的摘要。(digest When it comes to this magazine, it is/carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world

1）虽然受到全球金融危机后果的巨大影响，但是我们仍然相信我们能够面对挑战，克服危机。(confident)

a)Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis

2）在持续不断的沙尘暴的威胁下，我们被迫离开我们喜爱的村庄，搬迁到新的地方。(threat, compel, settlement a)Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement

3）根据最近的网上调查，许多消费者说他们也许会有兴趣考虑购买电视广告中播放的产品。(motivate)

a)According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials

4）看到卡车司机把受污染的废弃物（contaminated waste）倒在河边，老人马上向警方报告。(spot, alongside)

a)Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once.5）一些科学家坚信人们总有一天会喜欢转基因农作物（genetically modified crops）的，因为它们能够提高产量，帮助发展中国家战胜饥荒和疾病。(conviction, come to...)

a)Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world

6）无论是在城市还是在农村，因特网正在改变人们的生活方式。(urban, rural)

a)The Internet is changing the way people live, no matter whether they are in urban or rural areas

7）和大公司相比，中小公司更容易受到全球经济危机的威胁。(medium, vulnerable)

Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones

8）关于期末论文，教授要求我们先分析失业图表，然后对国家的经济发展提供批评性的见解。(analyze, chart, reflection)

a)With regard to our term papers, the professor asked us to analyze the chart of unemployment first, and then provide critical reflections on the nation's economic development.9）他从来也没有想到他们队会以大比分赢得那场篮球赛。(by a large margin, it occurs to...)a)It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a large margin.10）回顾二十年的中学教学，我把我的成功归结为耐心、才能、和对知识的不断追求。(look back on)

a)Looking back on my twenty years' teaching in high school, I attributed my success to patience, talent, and the constant pursuit of knowledge

11）红十字会派遣的志愿人员非常小心地对村里的饮用水进行消毒(disinfect)，以避免爆发瘟疫。(outbreak, caution)

a)The volunteers sent / assigned by the Red Cross disinfected, with great caution, the drinking water in the village so as to avoid an outbreak of plague

12）爱因斯坦用了多年时间试图把电磁学理论和引力理论结合起来，但没有成功。(unify

a)Einstein spent many years trying to unify the theories of electromagnetism and gravity but failed

13）因其在激发学生创造性想象力方面的出色表现，王教授获得了校长奖。(stimulate, imagination

a)Professor Wang received / won the Presidential Award for his excellence in stimulating students' creative imagination.14）因存在一些设计上的（design）重大缺陷，董事会没有同意那个经济刺激计划（stimulus package）。(approve of, flaw)

a)As there were some major design flaws, the board of directors didn't approve of the economic stimulus package.15）乔丹（Jordan）意识到没人能给他帮助，终于得出结论他必须面对现实，独自接受挑战。(come

a)Having realized that nobody could help him, Jordan finally came to the conclusion that he had to face reality and take up / meet the challenge by himself 16）奶奶想当然地认为粮价要涨，所以买了许多大米。(take sth.for granted

Grandma took it for granted that food prices would soar, so she bought a lot of rice.17）我可以给你引用几个例子来说明她献身科学的精神。(quote, instance I

a)

can quote you several instances of her dedication to science 18）20世纪80年代中国一些经济特区（zone）开始迅速发展起来。(see, swift)

a)The 1980s saw the start of the swift development of some special economic zones in China.19）两国关系的紧张部分是由最近的间谍事件（spy affair）引起的。(in part

a)Tension between the two countries stemmed in part from the latest spy affair

20）彼得已在一家律师事务所（law firm）当了多年律师。你可考虑请他做你的律师，当你需要法律援助时，由他代你行事。(on sb.'s behalf）

a)Peter has worked in a law firm for many years.You can consider having him as your lawyer to act on your behalf when you need legal help.21）这座红房子在参天古树的映衬下十分夺目。（stand out）

a)The red house stands out against the old trees that reach high up to the sky.22）我的新工作薪酬很高，但是其他方面我并不满意。（a)The salary in / for my new job is great, but for the rest, I'm not satisfied 23）两条溪流的水在我们村子附近汇合了。（mingle

a)The waters of the two streams mingle near our village.我们不应该嘲笑别人的宗教信仰。（mock 24）

a)We should not mock at other people's religious beliefs.25）这间房间的窗帘同家具的风格不太协调。（in tune

a)The curtains of the room are not quite in tune with the style of the furniture

第四篇：英语课后反思

课后反思

陵阳小学 郭斌

著名的心理学家罗杰斯强调：只有让学生处于一种无拘无束的空间中，他们才会尽情地“自由表达”与“自由参与”。因此在教学中创设和谐、自由、宽松的学习氛围和建立民主的师生关系是利于形成一个起码的要求。要激发学生的怕英语，总认为自己学不好怪毛病，为他们树立自信，让他们找回自我，自豪地说：“我能行。”

在课堂教学中，我选择以日常生活中、生产中实际为背景的材料，设置具有一定容量和开放性课型。英语课根据内容的不同，有的比较死板、单一，针对学生而言，那是一种枯燥的、令人乏味的被动学习，学生只能跟着老师读记生字、生词，练记句子，但对刚刚接触英语的小学生来说，记背单词是很无奈的，他们只是盲无目的的为记而记，毫无兴趣。为此，在教学中要突破传统的教学模式，构建自主、合作、探究的教学模式，引导学生利用课程资源，选择生动形象、富有个性的体验形式，创最佳的教学情境，使学生以探索者、研究者的角色独立思考，亲自尝试，全身心地参加各种教学活动。要让学生在情趣中进行学生，在愉悦中克服困难，在体验中感悟知识，在满怀热望中不断取得成功，并体验成功的快乐。

在教学活动中，教师要充分发挥学生的个性化行为的作用加入，努力创设情境，营造良好的学习氛围，采用各种手段，有意无意地为学生设下陷井，启发引导他们主动地去读，专注地练，兴致勃勃地模仿，自主地去发现，并主动提出，相互启发，并相互交流，及时反馈，发现差异，及时改正。这样更能激起学生的探求欲望，使他们通过体验和探究实践，对知识的掌握与运用更加渴求，学习兴趣也越来越浓，思维也更加活跃，同时增强了学生对自然现象知识的关心，了解社会、体验人生，主动获取了成功的体验，在内心产生一种愉快的感受，品尝了成功的喜悦，成功地完成任务。

课后反思

陵阳小学 郭斌

评价一堂课的好坏，标准在哪里？是不是说学生们一个个坐得端端正正地听老师讲课，认认真真地跟老师读，一遍接一遍，这就是我们的“课堂标准”吗？当然不是。是不是说学生们上完一节课后喉咙干燥、兴奋劲儿难以消退，当然也不是。

英语课堂应当活跃，但是我们应当要求学生们能够做到“能动能静”。“动”指的就是回答问题的时候要大声回答，小组讲座的时候要积极讨论；但是如果我们老师要讲课了，就要求学生能够立即安静下来，集中注意力听课。所以在英语课上，我采用了“One，two，three”静学法，也就是说当我喊“One，two，three”的时候，不管他们当时在做什么，都必须停下来，认认真真地听老师讲课。这就是所谓的“能动能静”。

俗话说“兴趣是最好的老师”，这一点在英语教学中尤为重要。首先在课前，我是以歌曲导入。对于低年级的学生来说，他们活泼好动，利用英文歌曲，加上简单的舞蹈动作形成较好的课堂组织教学形式。对于游戏，孩子们也是乐此不疲的，在平常的英语教学中，“猜一猜”、“传话筒”、“模仿秀”等游戏都是可行的。教师在设计游戏时要考虑到游戏的难度及适用度，尤其是一些具有挑战性的游戏，孩子们更是喜欢。利用游戏教学，能够真正地实现“在玩中学，在学中玩”。

为了保持小学生们学习英语的持久兴趣，在英语课上，我们可以把他们所学其它学科的相关内容融入到课堂教学之中。音乐，画画，甚至还可以结合比赛、游戏等等。要设计好一堂课，最重要的就是要抓住学生的心理特点，比如说编儿歌、做动作、演小品，这些学生都是很喜欢的。英语教学就是寓教于乐于课堂之中。

另外，要保证我们自己在进入课堂之前有一个好的心态，而且每堂课后，最好作一次小结，或是说“课后反思”。我们都应该扪心自问“这堂课，孩子们学到了什么？”对于老师而言，“每堂课起码要对得起天真可爱的孩子”。而不能说你今天心情不好，就随随便便地上课。说实在的，我从来不把课前的心情带到课堂中，也很少把课堂中的心情带到课后。有时很多小孩确实很调皮，怎么办呢？学着自己去开导自己，“何必跟自己过不去呢？”有这么一句话，“生气是拿别人的错误来惩罚自己”。所以课堂中保持一个好心态是很重要的。“学着爱上你的行业，爱上你的学生，学会去享受每一堂课。”只要摆好心态，那么我们就会发现原来学生们都是那么地可爱，上英语课不再有那么多的烦恼。

第五篇：英语课后答案

第一单元

Reading Comprehension 1.正确答案是C。

解析： 问题是 “人类不能阻止污染是因为……”。选项A “全球污染发展很快”;选项B “;人们使用太多的人造物质”;选项C “我们有了更多的工业”;选项D “我们正在生产更多的汽车,卡车和公共汽车” 根据第一自然段,我们可判断出正确答案为C。2.正确答案是B。

解析：问题是 “人们挤进城市是为了……”。选项A “他们非常渴望找到高薪工作”;选项B “他们渴望享受我们社会的成就”;选项C “他们厌倦了他们的家乡”;选项D “他们极其想当工人” 根据第二段第六句 “eager fro the benefits of our modern society” ,我们可判断出正确答案为B。

3.正确答案是A。

解析：问题是 “根据这篇文章,人类最看重下列各项的什么? ”。

选项A “工业”;选项B “;健康”;选项C “清洁的空气”;选项D “孩子的未来” 根据第二段,第三句 “We make „increasing industrialization our chief aim‟”,我们可判断出正确答案为A。

4.正确答案是D。

解析：问题是 “飞行员的故事告诉我们 ……”。选项A “人类知道社会改往哪里走”;选项B “;人们不欢迎现代社会的快速发展”;选项C “人类对污染问题束手无策”;选项D “作者为社会的未来担心” 根据第三段,我们可判断出正确答案为D。

5.正确答案是B。

解析：问题是 “什么是解决严重工业污染的最好办法？”。选项A “随着技术的发展，污染成了严重的问题。”;选项B “;降低发展的速度停止污染。”;选项C “到了我们采取行动降低污染的时候了。”;选项D “随着工业快速发展，污染是自然结果。” 根据文章,我们可判断出正确答案为B。第二单元 1.D 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.B 第三单元 1.C 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.A 第四单元 1.C

解析：本题需要根据信息判断。根据第一段 “There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood.” 只有C 最准确地描述了作者的观点，即近年奥林匹克运动没有对增进国际间的友谊起到多少作用。2.B

解析：本题需要推断含义。根据上下文，该经理人是在认为该场比赛不公的情况下说出这样的话的，在根据 “finished”可以推断B，即不公的裁判断送了曲棍球及国际曲棍球联盟。3.A 解析：本题也为含义推断题。该例子说的是美国队对奥运会的一场篮球冠军争夺战是否应该延时三秒以及最后拒绝接受第二名的事。通过”But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism.” 也可以得出答案为A。4.C

解析：含义推断题。作者在第2和第3段中分别描述了曲棍球比赛和篮球比赛的两个例子。5.A

解析：本题为概括主题。还是通过 “But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism.” 可以看出作者的观点：现在奥运会组织当中有太多能够激发具有敌意的爱国情绪的东西。因此可以得出结论 A: 奥运会的组织工作有待改善。第五单元 1.B 解析：问题是“DeMille的妈妈在他爸爸去世后，为了支撑家庭，都做了什么事情”。选项A“她写了很多的剧本，然后把它们卖掉”；选项B“她和其他的家庭成员一起开了一家电影公司”；选项C“她去做了演员”；选项D“她让她的儿子来管理公司”。根据文中“His mother kept the family together by establishing a theater company.他的妈妈通过建立一家电影公司使一家人团结在一起。”。因此正确答案是B。2.C 解析：问题是“Jesse L.Lasky Feature Play公司是在哪一年成立的”选项A、B、C分别是1881年，1903年和1913年，选项D“未提及”。根据文中“He continued working in his mother‟s theater company as an actor and a manager until 1913.That year, he joined Jesse L.Lasky and Samuel Goldfish to form the Jesse L.Lasky Feature Play Company.那年(在1913年)，他加入Jesse L.Lasky and Samuel Goldfish，组建了Jesse L.Lasky Feature Play Company新公司。”，因此正确答案是C。3.D 解析：问题是“为什么DeMille和公司最终决定选择好莱坞作为制作电影的理想之地的原因”。选项A“因为好莱坞是那条线的末端，他们别无选择”；选项B“因为好莱坞尽管现代，但是很安静”；选项C“因为好莱坞在那时候很出名”；选项D“因为好莱坞不想Flagstaff那样现代，但是在西部是个比较适合制作电影的地方”。根据文中“DeMille thought the area looked too modern.They got back on the train and keep going until they reached the end of the line.They were in a quiet little town in southern California.The town was called Hollywood.DeMille decided this was the perfect place to film the movie.DeMille认为这个地方看上去很现代。他们做火车返回，继续前行知道他们到达这条线的终点。他们到了加利福尼亚南部的一个安静的小镇，这个城镇就是好莱坞。DeMille决定这个地方是拍摄电影的理想之地。”因此正确答案是D。4.A 解析：问题是“关于„Squaw Man‟下列哪种说法是正确的”。选项A“这部以反映西部生活的全景电影迅速走红。”； 选项B“电影是在Flagstaff Arizona拍摄的”；选项C“电影是描述野性状态下人们的生活，制作于1913年”；选项D“电影是在好莱坞制作的第一部电影”。根据文中“Squaw Man” was one of the first full-length movies produced in Hollywood是其中一部，而不是第一部，因此D错误。是在好莱坞拍摄的，因此B错误。C在文中没有提及。A项根据原文第三段“It was released in 1913 and was an immediate success.它在1913年播放并取得了快速成功”，因此正确答案是A。5.C 解析：问题是“关于„Cecil B.DeMille‟不正确的说法是”。选项A“他在电影也知名的先驱”；选项B“他曾经是一家电影公司的演员”；选项C“他曾经认为好莱坞不是拍摄西部电影的理想之地”；选项D“他帮助好莱坞成为电影业的中心”。此题比较明显，他最终成就了，发展了好莱坞的电影业，并且根据第三段“The town was called Hollywood.DeMille decided this was the perfect place to film the movie.这个城镇就是好莱坞。DeMille决定这个地方是拍摄电影的理想之地。”可以得知正确答案是C。第六单元 1.D

解析：问题是“人们什么时候能结婚”。选项A“他们到了合法年龄”；选项B“他们有了孩子之后”；选项C“他们达到一定的体检要求”；选项D“选项A和C都正确”。根据原文第一段“In the United States，when people attain legal marriage age and meet certain medical requirements，they are free to choose their own mates.在美国，当人们达到结婚的法定年龄，同时达到体检要求，他们可以自由选择配偶。”可知选项A和C的内容都正确，所以选D。2.D

解析：问题是“下面那种情况能给婚姻带来好运”。选项A“新娘和新郎在婚礼的前一天晚上约会”；选项B“新郎找许多英俊的伴郎在婚礼时站在他旁边”；选项C“新娘向未结婚的女性扔她手中的那束鲜花”；选项D“新娘穿点旧的东西，新的东西，借的东西和蓝色的东西”。根据原文第二段“Another old custom that many people believe will bring good luck to the marriage is for the bride to wear „something old，something new，something borrowed and something blue.‟另一个古老的习俗是人们都相信新娘穿点旧的东西，新的东西，借的东西和蓝色的东西会带来好运。”所以选项D正确。3.C

解析：问题是“根据文章，下面哪种关于伴郎陈述是不真实的”。选项A“伴郎应该是新郎的好友，在婚礼期间站在新郎旁边帮助新郎”；选项B“伴郎最初是用来打扮成和许多人相似的装扮用来迷惑邪恶幽灵的”；选项C“伴郎是在婚礼时敲钟吓跑邪恶幽灵的人”；选项D“古时候的伴郎应该足够强大去帮助新郎逃脱新娘的朋友”。根据原文第三段“Before the wedding day the bridegroom always chooses a “best man”，a good friend to help him and stand beside him during the wedding ceremony.The idea of having a best man originated from the belief that evil spirits，envious of the couple‟s happiness，......The custom of the best man goes back to the ancient days when a strong friend helped the bridegroom escape from the bride‟s friends.在婚礼的前一天新郎通常会找一个伴郎，一个能帮助他的朋友在婚礼当天站在他旁边。新郎最初是因为人们相信他能驱走羡慕新婚夫幸福的邪恶幽灵。伴郎的习俗可以追溯到古时候那些强壮的朋友帮助新郎逃脱新娘的朋友。”所以选项A.B,D都符合原文意思，应该排除。而原文当中确实提到敲钟，可不是伴郎敲的。所以选项C不符合原文的意思。4.C

解析：问题是“根据文章，下面关于婚戒的陈述那种是不真实的”。选项A“婚戒的圆形意味着婚姻会地久天长”；选项B“婚戒的圆形代表这新婚夫妇一生永结同心”；选项C“婚戒通常戴在右手的中指上”；选项D“婚戒通常是一个纯金环”。根据原文第四段“The wedding ring is worn on the third finger of the left hand.婚戒通常戴在左手的中指上。”可知选项C中的描述是不正确的。5.D

解析：问题是“这篇文章最好的题目是什么”。选项A“婚戒的传统”；选项B“伴郎和婚礼”；选项C“婚礼上的好运”；选项D“婚礼习俗和传统”。这个问题需要弄懂整篇文章的意思，选项ABC都属于选项D的一部分。所以选项D最能概括原文。第七单元 1.A 解析：问题是“根据作者的意思，我们住在怎么样的一个世界里”。选项A“人们之间越来越多的相互依赖”；选项B“人们之间的距离越拉越远”；选项C“世界变得越来越神奇”；选项D“世界正以一个我们以前从来没有经历过的速度迅速扩张”。答案参见文章第二段第一句“We live in an increasingly interdependent world.我们住在一个越来越相互依赖的世界”。因此正确答案是A。2.B 解析：问题是“作者把在国外求学比作了什么”。选项A“自我发现”；选项B“被移植”；选项C“分界线”；选项D“灯”。从第二段的“Being transplanted or transferred from the familiar to the unfamiliar provides a unique opportunity for self-discovery, as well as personal and professional growth.从熟悉的环境被移植或转移到一个不熟悉的环境，能够为自我发现和个人和职业的发展提供一个独一无二的机会”。因此正确答案是B。3.D 解析：问题是“下列选项中，哪一个没有被提到作为理解为什么世界别的相互依赖了原因”。选项A“我们应该同其他国家人民建立亲密，有意义的联系”；选项B“我们必须尽力去理解彼此”；选项C“我们要在我们内部寻找异同”；选项D“我们必须经常四处旅行来拓宽我们的视野”。从第二段的二、三句“To survive and succeed, as individuals and as a nation, we must establish close, meaningful contacts with our colleagues in other countries.We must work toward understanding each other, sorting through our differences and finding the common ties of common people that all of us share.可以得到答案，只有D选项是没有被提到的。4．C 解析：问题是“为什么一些学生在对于去国外求学的第一步产生犹豫的想法”。选项A”他们感觉他们的文化要优于所有去的国家的文化“；选项B“他们享受不到他们在国内的自由”；选项C“他们对于出国求学有错误的观念”；选项D“国外求学需要成为教育的一个主要部分”。文章最后一句“some students hesitate to take the first step because of certain false stories that surround the idea of studying overseas.提到false stories（不真实的传言）会给学生带来对留学错误的看法和观念。所以正确答案是C。5.B 解析：问题是“根据作者的观点，世界在逐渐的变小对我们产生了哪些影响”。选项A“我们接受越来越多的教育”；选项B“我们有越来越多的选择”；选项C“我们有更多的空间来生存和发展”；选项D“我们更多的是希望到国外去观光”。最后一段第一句“As the world grows smaller, and our options increasingly expand, studying abroad needs to be a key part of your education.随着世界变得越来越小，我们的选择越来越大，去国外学习需要成为你教育的主要的一部分。”文中的option与选项的choice是近义词，所以正确答案是B。第八单元 1.B 解析：问题是为什么日本工人在工作中变得不高兴。选项A“他们报酬很低”，选项B“他们要比以前做跟多的工作”，选项C“他们中的大多数失业了”，选项D“他们对他们的雇主不满意”。根据原文首先排除选项C和D。原文第一段“Japanese are becoming unhappier at work, the government said in a report yesterday, highlighting complaints over pay, lack of vacations and a decline in morale.日本工人在工作中开始变得不高兴，政府在昨天的一个报告中强调了工人对工资、缺少假期和士气下降的抱怨。”和第二段的解释 “Workers seem to want more personal time and increasingly want to fulfill their emotional needs rather than materialistic needs.工人看起来是想要更多的个人时间来填补他们的感情需求而不是更看重物质需要。”由此可以看以看出答案A不正确，只有选项B正确。2.B 解析：问题是日本公司在雇佣人才的时候面临的新挑战是什么。选项A“高工资”，选项B“人口老龄化”，选项C“庞大的职工总数”，选项D“雇员文化素质低”。原文第三段提到“The findings are a reminder of the challenges companies face now in hiring new talents as Japan‟s population ages and its work force shrinks, some economists said.这些发现提醒公司现在面临的新挑战是雇佣人才方面，因为日本人口的老龄化和缺乏劳动力，一些经济学家说”所以可以得知答案是选项B。3.B 解析：问题是近些年年轻工人跟随的趋势是什么。选项A“他们坚持一生从事相同的工作”，选项B“他们经常换工作”，选项C“他们只做兼职工作”，选项D“他们既做兼职工作也做全职工作”。根据原文第五段“Young workers have in recent years favored carefree lifestyles, hopping from one part-time job to another, or quitting full-time jobs after just a few years年轻工人近几年喜欢无忧无虑的生活方式，他们从一个兼职换到另外一个兼职，或者干几年就把全职工作辞掉。”由此可以得知选项B符合原文意思。4.D 解析：问题是老工人换工作是因为什么原因。选项A“他们觉得当前的职业很辛苦”，选项B“他们没有被提升”，选项C“他们报酬低”，选项D“他们不能很好的与同事共处”。根据原文第六段“Older workers were switching jobs because they failed to get along with colleagues or were unhappy with how they were being evaluated at companies using performance-based management老工人换工作是因为他们不能与同事很好相处或者是对于公司里业绩考核管理体制评估不高兴。”可以得知选项D与原文符合。5.A 解析：问题是在以业绩考核的管理体制下，下面那种陈述是不真实的。选项A“工资系统的执行应该改善”，选项B“评估的基本要素应该清晰”，选项C“雇员应该被保证能晋升，同时工资也要提高，不管他们的业绩如何”，选项D“应该为评价提供详细的解释说明”。根据原文最后一段“For an effective performance-based system, efforts are needed to improve the implementation of the wage system, such as making clear the basis for evaluation and providing detailed explanations for the assessments一个有效的业绩考核的管理体制，需要在工资系统的执行方面提高上做出努力，如评估的基本要素应该清晰，为评价提供详细的解释说明”得知选项B、C、D都符合原文意思。而原文倒数第二段明确提到“Under Japan‟s traditional lifetime employment system, employees were guaranteed promotions and pay increases as they grew older, regardless of performance.在日本传统的终生雇佣体制下，雇员能保证能晋升，同时工资也会提高，不管他们的业绩如何”所以与业绩考核的管理体制不符。故选项A正确。