如何写阅读赏析短文解读

第一篇：如何写阅读赏析短文解读

如何写阅读赏析短文

写赏析是一种很好的学语文

的方法。学生可就自己喜欢的内容写

赏析，“一千个读者有一千个哈姆莱

特”，对同一篇文章不同的赏析充分显示了学生不同的个性，体现了“阅读是一种个性化的行为”。在交流过程中学生之间又能相互启发，碰撞出思维的火花，获得灵感。这样也有利于提高学生学语文的乐趣和兴趣。对于老师而言，通过学生的赏析可以了解他们目前的语文素养，从而对症下药，日积月累，更好的培养和提高其语文素养。

“问君哪得清如许，为有源头活水来”，学好语文的根源就在学生，学生就是那弯充满生命力的清泉，因此要积极鼓励学生去赏析，去思考，老师不能以自己的讲解分析代替学生的思考，但学生很多是个人喜好，不是系统的，老师要给与方法上的点拨。我粗浅的总结了一些方法。如下：

从局部来说

a、由常规字词入手

语文姓语，当然离不开字词。首先从字词开始。如文中一些精僻的动词、形容词等，对这些词玩味咀嚼，将感受到祖国语言的博大精深。

例：树尖上顶着一髻儿白花，好像日本看护妇。（老舍《济南的冬天》

赏析：能换别的近义词吗？如“堆”，不能，因为是小雪，用“堆”不贴切，“顶”写出了小雪后小树特有的意蕴，轻巧灵动，一如后面的比喻，“像日本看护妇”。

b、对一些特殊的句子进行赏析，这些句子往往与文章主题联系在一

起，暗藏深意

修辞句：修辞能够更好的写景状物，传情达意。

如：在清水田里，时有一只两只站着钓鱼，整个的田便成了一幅嵌在琉璃框里的画。（《白鹭》）

赏析：用拟人和比喻手法生动形象地表现写出白鹭与水田的配合适宜、和谐，给人以美感；

描写句：那些刻画人物，表现环境的语句往往对表现人物性格起烘托渲染作用。

例：夏天，风儿在俯临这座无名者之墓的树木之间飒飒响着，和暖的阳光在坟头嬉戏；冬天，白雪温柔地覆盖这片幽暗的土地。”（《世间最美的坟墓》）

赏析：与这优美恬适的风景为伴的是埋葬于此的大作家托尔斯泰，可看出与大自然相伴的托尔斯泰，与大自然一样永存，从而反衬出其伟大人格。

矛盾句：看似矛盾，却蕴含了作者的深意。

例：“大约孔乙己的确死了”（鲁迅《孔乙己》）

赏析：“大约”与“的确”貌似矛盾，其实却是作者的匠心独运，揭示了孔乙己悲剧命运的必然性，通过这个人物形象也隐现了那个残酷阴冷的社会以及众人的麻木不仁。

点睛句：画龙少不了眼睛。这些句子就是文章的眼睛。

例：“她的饮泣吞声，为的是爱她的儿子；勉强硬着头皮说声打得好，为的是希望她的儿子上进”（邹韬奋《我的母亲》）

赏析：从这种复杂心态里栩栩如生的再现了一位希望儿子上进但又十分疼爱儿子的伟大母亲的形象，有这样的句子文章的主题也力透纸背。

尾句：对上文的概括或能引起读者的联想，启发读者的思考余味无穷

例：“我做过一个好梦，我们种的水稻，像高梁那么高，穗子像扫把那么长，颗粒像花生那么大。几个朋友就坐在稻穗下面乘凉。”（曲志红 朱冬菊 李 斌《袁隆平的“寻梦园”》）

赏析：用袁隆平美好的梦结尾，不仅能使文章篇末点题；也进一步突出袁隆平一生在不断追寻着自己“梦”（理想），并不断追求更高目标、更远大的理想的精神。

另外文中一些警句，议论抒情句也是值得关注的。

注意点：赏析要建立在整体感知阅读的基础上，不是摘字择句，断章取意，脱离文本，而是要充分联系文章的中心思想，联系人物形象，要结合作者的思想感情，结合上下文来品评。

从整体来看

a、文章的构思剪裁：有些文章通过巧妙的构思将主题显现出来了。如《窗》中由一扇虚拟的窗来凸现主题，构思很独特。

b、独特新奇的立意：由泥土你会联想到什么？大概很少有人会将之与母爱联系起来。在《甜甜的泥土》中小亮尝了融化了奶糖的泥土甜甜的，引出了文章的主题母爱就像那泥土，宽广厚实，无处不在，无所不有。这就是一篇立意新奇的文章，别具一格。

c、对其它写作手法进行赏析：每篇文章在写法上都有其独特之处，如以小见大、对比手法等等，认真咀嚼对提高作文水平大有裨益。

需要一提的是对一些特殊文体的赏析，这主要针对文学体裁中的诗歌和小说而言的。

诗歌：主要是意象（境）美：什么是意象？简单地说，意象就是寓“意”之“象”，就是用来寄托主观情思的客观物象。

比如： “名月松间照，清泉石上流。竹喧归浣女，莲动下渔舟”（王维《山居秋暝》）

赏析：四句写秋日傍晚雨后山村的景色，意境优美恬静而不死寂。静中有动，以动衬静，静喧合一，颇具禅趣。诗人笔下景物，如苍劲的松树、柔和的月光、汩汩的请泉、丛丛翠竹、叶叶青莲、嬉嬉浣女及莲叶间滑行的渔舟等，虽未穷形尽相，然皆可唤起视觉形象，着壁成绘。在景物的布局上，作者也做了别具匠心的安排，从明月至渔舟，是按流水的方向来进行布局的，这就造成一种完整、和谐的画境。语言清新疏淡，没用一个色彩词，就像一幅素雅的的水墨画。

小说：主要是环境描写和人物描写。成功的人物形象要有真实可信的典型环境，典型环境是人物活动的历史舞台。环境描写有景为情设、情随境迁、景中寓情、情景交融、景物烘托等。例如：《三国演义》中曹操横槊赋诗，用江景表现曹操的气魄。

人物形象的塑造如语言描写，动作描写，心理描写，外貌描写也是赏析很丰富的内容。

写赏析重在平时，贵在坚持，坚持练，坚持交流，扎实提高基本功，并循序渐进，逐渐提高审美层次，审美境界，实现由量到质的飞跃。

最后归纳一个小技巧：应试时可从两个方面入手，先评写作特色、语言特色，如用了什么修辞手法、表现手法，语言或生动或优美或讲求对称或准确严密……再评思想内涵，即阐明这一句表达了什么观点，给你什么感受、启迪、教育……重在平时，贵在坚持，坚持练，坚持交流，扎实提高基本功，并循序渐进，逐渐提高审美层次，审美境界，实现由量到质的飞跃。

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第二篇：励志短文解读

把工作当学问做

工作怎么做，才能做得好？有人提出，像做学问一样地做工作，让人很有启发。

矛盾繁杂，问题繁多，压力繁重，如果一味沉溺于事务、墨守于经验、陶醉于空谈，就会要么成天疲于应付，大事小事“一把抓”，加班加点不回家；要么不动脑子，不求甚解，跟着“感觉走”，“拍胸脯”表态，“拍脑袋”决策。

相反，若是把工作当学问做，认真学习、锐意创新、潜心实干，就能在复杂特殊的情况下，开阔通达，气定神闲，用心把工作方案、推进措施、应对方法想得更深、更透、更周全，从而有效地提高工作质量和水平。

把工作当学问做，就是要像做学问那样去思考问题，研究问题。一项工作要不要做，该怎样去做，怎样做才能做得最好，思考要贯穿于调查研究、掌握情况、分析问题、提出方案、做出决策、抓好落实的全过程。

把工作当学问做，就是要像做学问那样，严谨细致，精益求精。做学问绝不能马马虎虎，敷衍了事，须从小处着眼，在细微处较真，于细微之处见功夫，于精密之处见水平。

把工作当学问做，就是要像做学问那样，求真务实，勇担重任。一个具有高度责任感的员工，会把工作看成履职尽责的平台，兢兢业业把事情做好。把工作当学问做，就是要像做学问那样，苦中求道，豁达从容。不能怕苦怕累，不能心浮气躁，不能追名逐利，要有一种豁达，一份执着，不断进取，攀上一个又一个事业发展的高峰。

把工作当学问做，不是要当“书呆子”，而是追求一种做人做事的思想境界和精神状态。唯有以善思的治学精神，以吃苦的硬朗作风，以高尚的人格修养，才能把工作做得尽善尽美。

学会怎么忙

人是应该要忙的，但忙的类型和性质有所不同，忙的方式也不一样。懂得“忙”里蕴含着的不同内涵，掌握忙的方法，我们就可以学会怎样忙才有意义。

忙有四种类型：气定神闲的忙、心浮气躁的忙、开开心心的忙和不甘不愿的忙。

所谓“气定神闲的忙”，即人忙心不忙。通过提纲挈领、化繁为简以及分工、授权、交办、协调、指挥等方法处理各类事情，虽然事情多但不觉得忙。而“心浮气躁的忙”就是做事没有条理、不得要领、乱忙一气。有的人忙出来名堂，有了成就感，通过忙充实了生活，所以忙得开心、忙得乐意；有的人则是被动地忙、无奈地忙，忙自己不喜欢做的事，所以是心不甘情不愿的忙。

现实生活中，恐怕远不止上述四种“忙”，有些忙也说不上开心不开心或愿意不愿意，比如漫无目的的忙、可有可无的忙。懂得忙之不同，便可以有选择地忙，从而做到忙而不乱、忙而不怨、忙而有成、忙而有闲。

爱出者爱返 福往者福来

这是一句古语，字面浅显易懂，却很耐人寻味。如其所言，人际关系是互动来往的过程，没有无缘无故的爱，也没有无缘无故的恨，想要得到什么回报，首先要自己舍得付出。

小时候听过一个故事，讲的是寒冷的冬天，一个卖馒头的和一个卖棉衣的同时到一座破庙中躲避风雪。天晚了，卖馒头的很冷，卖棉衣的很饿，但他们都相信对方会有求于自己，所以谁也不先开口。过了一会，卖馒头的自语道:“吃一个馒头。”卖棉衣的也说：“穿上一件棉衣。”又过了一会，卖馒头的又说：“再吃一个馒头。”卖棉衣的说：“再穿上件棉衣。”就这样，卖馒头的一个一个地吃，卖棉衣的一件一件的穿，谁也不愿向对方求助。

人若求我，我便求人；人若予我，我便予人。在这种狭隘理念的操纵下，到最后，卖馒头的冻死了，卖棉衣的饿死了。

引申到业务营销中，我们要想赢得客户的忠诚和回报，就要勇于放下身段，勤于投入付出，主动与客户沟通，用心去服务客户，不仅是在物质方面投入，更要在感情方面投入。不能以“还不知道能给我带来多大收益”为心魔而在营销公关时消极被动、主动退却，陷入“因为不投入，所以没产出，因为没产出，所以不投入”的恶性循环。只要付出了，肯定会有回报。只不过，回报可能是即时的，也可能是滞后的；回报的形式可能是能用数字量化的业绩，也可能是自己阅历、人脉等的积累提升。

人贵有志，更贵有恒

有志者，事竟成。我们提倡有志，更要强调有恒，持之以久，百折不挠，才能收获喜悦，实现理想。

有志无恒，容易因困难而回头。成功的大道，不会一帆风顺，总是充满荆棘，有时还会因环境的变化而更长更远。我们只有昂首向前，吸取经验，总结教训，才能最终实现目标，实现自我。有志无恒，容易因自满而消融。唐玄宗李隆基，年轻时意气风发，励精图治，缔造了辉煌灿烂的开元盛世，后来却因成绩而自满，因自满而堕落，以致安史之乱爆发，唐王朝盛极而衰。

有志有恒，才是成功之道。70多年前，中国工农红军在国民党军队的重兵围堵下，怀着争取民族独立和人民解放的坚定信念，踏上了长征之路，历经湘江鏖兵、赤水激流，夹金雪岭、荒原草地，行程二万五千里达到陕北，开辟了新的革命根据地。

我们在工作、生活中，也不能期望凡事都立竿见影，指望速胜速决；要努力保持自己的耐力和持久力，在成长的过程中学习和提高，在磨练的时光里体会和分享，不因一时委屈而失落，不因一时挫折而灰心。只有持久的成功，才更有价值，更有意义。人贵有志，更贵有恒。

简单就是力量

生活中有这样一些人，他们认为要做A事，必须得去做B事为A事做准备，要做好B事，又必须得去做C事。他们喜欢追根溯源，直到把原始的目的淡忘得一干二净。这些人看上去终日忙碌，很是辛苦，却不知道自己在忙什么。绝大多数人，都是刚开始时雄心勃勃，到最后却筋疲力尽或偃旗息鼓。

有这么一个故事：B到A家做客，A要在客厅里钉一幅画。画已经在墙上扶好，A正准备钉钉子，B说：“这样不好，最好钉两个木块，把画挂上面。”A便按照他的意思去找木块，找到后正要钉，B又说：“等一等，木块有点大，最好能锯掉点。”于是A便四处去找锯子，找到后刚锯了两下，B又说：“不行，这锯子太钝了，得锉一锉。”B家正好有一把锉刀，拿来一看没有把手。为了安把手，B又去树丛中寻找小树，要砍下小树，他又发现斧头锈得不能用。为此他又去街上找一位铁匠，说铁匠家有现成的。然而，这一走，就再也没见他回来。那幅画，还是A一边一个钉子把它钉在了墙上。工作中，我们经常看到有的人善于把复杂的事物简明化，办事又快又好，效率高；而有的人却把简单的事情复杂化，办事效率极低。无可否认，追求完美并不是一件坏事，但若是过分追求完美，反而会迷失了最初的目标和方向。工作中遇到问题，还是应该头脑冷静下来，思考一下：我的目的是什么，该怎样完成？从而找到最简单的解决方法。毕竟人的能力有限、精力有限，要把应该做的事情放在“刀刃”上。

一台碎纸机留住一个客户的心

“我喜欢去中信银行，”当我在乘坐公交车时听到一个人这样说时，由于职业敏感我继续听了下去，“因为他们那儿有一个碎纸机！”听完之后，我先是很不屑地一笑，而后陷入深思……

随着银行如雨后春笋般在全国各地涌现，银行间的同业竞争愈演愈烈，产品同质化现象也十分明显。当客户面临越来越多的选择，甚至感到应接不暇时，原有的“以产品为中心”的运作模式已经渐显疲态，当前的竞争将是“以客户为中心”的服务竞争。但是当所有人都在谈论以客户为中心时，有多少人能想到，一台碎纸机能成为客户选择银行的一个关键理由。服务绝不是一句口号，要实实在在把服务做好，就要从每件小事做起，从每个细节做起。如果客户办卡后，自觉递上一个印有服务电话的卡套，告知可以来电咨询或预约提现；如果客户欲扔回单时，及时告知角落有碎纸机，请做好回单保密；如果客户提取成捆现金时，递上一个手提袋并告知附近有哪些银行，请注意安全；如果客户走进大厅不停焦虑的四处张望，主动上前询问是否需要帮助；如果客户是位老者，主动为其准备落座的椅子、递上一副老花镜……如果的可能有很多，只要用心发现客户需要，并迅速匹配相应服务，那么一件微乎其微的物件或者动作就会感动、甚至留住一个客户的心，亦或伤到、甚至失去一个客户的心。

要做好服务细节，关键在于用心。让我们在“新思维、心服务”引领下，扎扎实实做好每一个服务细节，不断提升我行的服务水平。

打个活结

2001年，江南某地挖掘出了一座汉代古墓。考古学家惊叹于大量珍贵文物重见天日的同时，发现了一个细节：墓中所有捆绑物品的绳索、绸带等打的全部是活结，连极为纤细的丝线也不例外，有的轻轻一拉就能解开绳扣。按照常理，随葬物品不可能重新打开，捆扎时打活结或死结都无所谓，无须留下什么便捷。由此可以推想：为人、为自己留下方便已是古人的生活习惯，表现在每个细节当中。

美国沃克尔礼品公司的连锁店几乎遍及全球各地，只要拨通电话，他们就会按要求快捷地将礼品送达。这家驰名世界的企业有个硬性的规定：客人接到礼品发现捆扎的绳、带打的是死结，只要投诉，负责这件礼品的相关员工就要下岗，原因是——给顾客增加了麻烦。

打了个活结，留下了方便。看似微不足道的做法，但往往能成为赢得客户、赢得市场的关键因素。“打活结”所体现出的细节之美，就在于用心观察、一丝不苟，把困难留给自己，把方便让给客户。客户买得舒心、用得放心，自然也会对企业称心。让我们在“新思维，心服务” 引领下，在工作中打好这个“活结”，不断提升我行的服务水平。

第三篇：英语短文赏析1

音乐的魅力

I have to say that music really has a strong attractiveness to me.Naturally, everyone can choose suitable music to listen to.However, when you find a kind of music which can bring happiness to you, you will be surprised and become excited.Music has a magical energy, and it can help people gain good mood in a great extent.我想说的是音乐对我真的有一股强大的吸引力。很自然，每个人都能选择适合自己的音乐去聆听。然而，当你发现一种能够带给你巨大幸福的音乐时，你将会很惊讶很激动。音乐有一种神奇的力量，在很大程度上，音乐能够帮助人们获得好心情。

When you feel sad, you can have a try to listen to soothing music.At first, soothing music will let you calm down.You will find that you will play much attention to the music, and then your sadness can be decreased.You will enter music ocean.You can experience a baptism of your heart.It does not matter that when you listen to soothing music and you want to cry, you should just follow yourself feeling to have a thorough release.Music will give you enough encourage to overcome difficulties.当你感到悲伤时，你可以尝试听一下舒缓的音乐。首先，舒缓的音乐可以让你平静下来，你会发现你将会把注意力转移到音乐上，这样你的悲伤就会减少了。你进入了音乐的海洋。你也经历了一次心灵的洗礼。当你听舒缓音乐时忍不住想要哭时，不要有任何顾虑，就跟着你的感觉走，让自己有一个完全的释放。音乐会给你足够的勇气来战胜困难的。

Music also can double your happiness and arouse the fighting.For instance, when you solve some very difficult situations and gain success eventually, you will have a great mood.At this time, exciting music will witness your success.You will feel satisfied.Music lets you remember the glorious moment and cherish your success.Music can give you unlimited motivation to achieve goals，because you still want to listen to glorious music.音乐当然也可以让你的快乐加倍并且激发你的斗志。例如，当你解决了许许多多的困难并且最终成功时，你就会有一个好心情。这时，振奋人心的音乐会见证你的成功。你会感到满足，音乐会让你记得这个光荣的时刻并且让你珍惜你的成功。音乐给了你无限的动力取得成功，因为你依旧想要听到光荣的音乐再次响起。

In addition, music includes a lot of useful knowledge.People can learn precious knowledge from music.Because there is different music, we can find out that different nations have different music thoughts to express.And from music, we can listen to music culture.Music culture will give you a deeper understanding to learn foreign culture, such as foreign language, foreign history and foreign traditional customs and so on.In a word, music has an important effect on promoting society development.此外，音乐还囊括了许许多多有用的知识。人们可以从音乐中学到珍贵的知识。由于存在着很多不同的音乐，我们可以发现不同的的国家所表达音乐思想不同。从音乐中，我们可以聆听到音乐文化。音乐文化将会给你一个更深的理解力去学习外国文化，例如外语，外国历史，外国传统习俗等。总而言之，音乐对促进社会发展有着重要的影响。

Music indeed has a magical power to help people and society develop.I believe that music will still continue to bring us many surprises.As the development of society, great music will become more important.音乐的确有着神奇的力量来帮助人们和社会发展。我相信音乐依旧会带给我们许多惊喜。随着社会的发展，好的音乐会变得越来越重要。

第四篇：赏析短文写作指导

赏析短文写作指导

• 第一、先明白命题的考核目的，然后准确、全面、透彻地解读文本。抓住关键句，进行思路分析。

• 第二、赏析短文的表述：文章结构要完整，一般采用“总说——分说——总结”的结构。首先要单刀直入、开门见山地提出论点，也就是提出你对该文的总体评价。然后就原作内容进行复述、介绍、引用，在此基础上进行分析评价，也就是采用“述评结合”的方法，一定要“述 ”和“评”相结合。• 第三、适当地运用鉴赏的常用术语。• 第四、表达要准确、简洁。

写作赏析短文的专业术语(一)主题思想：

立意深刻独到,鞭辟入里；突破定势,标新立异；主旨深远,意蕴丰富；言近旨远,耐人寻味；言有尽而意无穷；人无我有,人有我奇；意境深远．(二)构思技巧：

构思,是作者对自己将要动手写作的文章从内容到形式所作的总体设想。构思的外在表现形式为文章结构。文章的构思技巧主要从作品的立意、选材、结构安排、体裁、意境、表现手法等方面去判别。常见的鉴赏角度和术语：

①从立意的构思及其表现看,常用术语有开门见山、见解独到、画龙点睛、卒章显志、形散神聚、以小见大、发人深省、托物言志、寓言寄意、对比反衬、欲扬先抑、欲抑先扬、欲擒故纵、反弹琵琶、逆向思维等。

②从选材、组材的构思及其表现看,常用术语有

以小见大、以点带面,正反映衬(对比对照)、摇曳多姿,形散神聚、巧设线索、明暗交织,选材典型、多角度描写、详略得当等。

③从结构安排(或者说上下文的关系)的构思来看,常用术语有前后照应(首尾呼应)、层层铺垫、巧设伏笔(铺垫)、巧设悬念、巧妙勾连,层层推进(层层深入、步步递进)、层层剥笋,对比烘托、摇曳多姿,红线串珠(彩线串珠)、形散神聚、浑然天成,总分总式,并列结构,纵横捭阖、开合自如,情节波澜、张弛有度等。

④赏析意境、表现手法等方面的构思技巧,常用术语有

虚实结合、虚实相生、思维严密、构思精巧、不落窠臼、运用蒙太奇手法等．(三)艺术手法：

1.表达方式：叙述、描写、议论、抒情、说明等。

2.表现手法：比兴,联想和想象,象征, 烘托,对比,渲染,用典,讽喻． 3.修辞手法：比喻、拟人、排比、反复、对偶等。

4.写作技巧：以动衬静,动静结合；虚实结合；点面结合；侧面描写；粗笔勾勒；工笔细描；绘形绘声绘色；

5.描写手法：肖像描写、动作描写、心理描写、环境描写(景物描写)、细节描写等。6.抒情方式：直接抒情(直抒胸臆),间接抒情(情景交融、借景抒情、托物言志、寓情于景、情景交融、情景相生、以乐景衬哀情)。(四)语言特色：

清新明快, 简洁洗练, 含而不露, 简笔勾勒,浓墨重彩, 体物入微, 穷形尽相, 诗情画意,富有哲理, 耐人寻味, 形神兼备, 语言浅近明白如话, 言简意丰, 行云流水,平实质朴,诙谐幽默, 辛辣讽刺, 准确精当, 形象生动,惟妙惟肖, 淋漓尽致, 留有空白, 情韵悠长,力透纸背, 入木三分。把握赏析短文的写作方法,规范答题格式 ㈠、标题 基本要求： ①使用题目给定的标题

②格式:正标题空四个格子,副标题另起一行,空六个格子 ㈡、领起段写作要求：

①明确赏析对象,紧扣所选的题目写(正标题是观点,副标题是写作角度)②做出总体评价 基本格式：

(1)赏析“主题思想及其表现”的常用格式：

a、本文通过记叙(描写)……,表达了作者……的思想感情．

例：《项链》通过描写玛蒂尔德以十年的含辛茹苦去赔偿一条借来的假项链的悲剧故事,尖锐地讽刺了小资产阶级虚荣心和追求享乐的思想。b、……是《……》的主题．

例：描写群众的愚昧和革命者的悲哀是鲁迅的短篇小说《药》的主题思想． ②赏析艺术手法：

本文主要采用了……的艺术手法,生动形象地表现了……,具有很强的艺术感染力．(手法+表达效果)例：朱自清在《荷塘月色》一文中大量运用了比喻的修辞手法,描摹景色形象生动,表达感情细腻入微。(《鲜明的比喻—— 艺术手法简析》领起段)③构思技巧：

a、……是《……》构思上最突出的特点．

例:以时间、地点、情感为线索,三线并进,娓娓道来,是《在山阴道上》谋篇布局上最突出的一个特点。(《简析 谋篇布局的技巧》领起段)b、《……》构思上最大的特点是……． 例：《在山阴道上》一文在谋篇布局上最大的特点是文章以明、暗两条线索相互交错,使文章条理清晰,布局精巧。(《简析 谋篇布局的技巧》领起段)㈢、主体部分基本要求：

①紧扣领起段提出的观点分析． ②边叙边议． ③注意条理,适当运用序数词． ④适当提段． ㈣、总结段 基本要求： ①再现观点

②运用术语(如“总之”“综上所述”“总而言之”等)例：a.总之,《在山阴道上》一文以时间、地点、情感三条线索,环环相扣,密不可分,从而使情感升华,主题深化。(《简析 谋篇布局的技巧》总结段)b.总而言之,《荷塘月色》一文运用鲜明的比喻,既形象地描写了荷塘月色的美景,也传达了作者对荷塘的喜爱之情。

范文引路：

怎一个妙字了得(正标题是观点,是写作的小的切入点)——赏析《登泰山记》的艺术手法(副标题是写作角度)《登泰山记》一文巧妙地运用了侧面烘托和比喻拟人等艺术手法,生动地描写了泰山雪后初晴的瑰丽景色和日出时的雄浑景象,具有很强的艺术感染力．(领起段： 手法+表达效果 ①明确赏析对象,紧扣所选的题目写②做出总体评价)抓住特征巧妙烘托,是本文写作上的一个重要特征。本文描写景物很少直接写出,而是采用侧面烘托的办法。(评)例如,先用“其级七千有余”(叙)暗暗点出泰山的雄伟(析),然后借山顶俯视所见“半山居雾”和在日观亭时“足下皆云漫”的图景(叙)从侧面烘托泰山的高峻(析)。又如写雪,除“冰雪”“雪与人膝齐”等正面描写外,又以“明烛天南”“白若”“绛皓驳色”(叙)等作侧面烘托,给人以想象,又生动有趣(析)。

本文使用比喻和拟人手法也各具特点。(评)“苍山负雪,明烛天南”(叙).作者不言冰雪覆盖青山,却说青山背负着雪,赋予静态的青山以人的动态,用语新颖、传神(析).“汶水、徂徕如画,而半山居雾若带然”(叙),作者纵目远眺,夕阳照耀着泰安城,汶水、徂徕好像自然天成的山水画,而山腰间停留着的云雾好像飘带一般。“半山居雾”,不仅把动态的物写成静态,使人感受到那种特有的宁静气息,而且设喻新奇,给人以美的享受(析).“回视日观以西峰,或得日,或否,绛皓驳色,而皆若偻”(叙),这一比喻,写出了西南诸峰的特点,更显出日观峰的雄峻,且赋予山峰以人的感情,形象而生动(析)。(主体部分：①紧扣领起段提出的观点分析．②边叙边议．③注意条理,适当运用序数词．④适当提段．)总之,本文巧妙的运用多种艺术手法,写出了泰山的神秀壮丽,能唤起人们对泰山的向往,让人深刻地感受到祖国山河的壮美,真乃怎一个妙字了得。(总结段：①再现观点②运用术语(如“总之”“综上所述”“总而言之”等)文章的写作技巧为设喻说理，借拔牙写剿匪，特别指官匪，生动 形象。作者自己口中的那些虫牙，不但不能为自己的身体服务，反而危害自己的身体，根本没有替作者造福的能力。作者非但不能通缉他们，还要袒护他们，但他们却仍要与作者作对。这巧妙的隐喻了当时黑暗的社会现实，体现了当时官员的腐败无能。不为民为国造福，反而危害人民，危害国家。而人民还要在他们的苛政之下生活，还要送东西孝敬他们。

作者起先反对在口中剿匪，认为自己要有文王之德，而后受到了劝告，要剿匪；事成后，全无痛苦，还装了十来根方方正正的假牙。这隐喻；贪官污吏被满门抄斩后，换上一批尽职尽责的官员，为人民造福。通篇采用设喻说理，暗喻当时的社会现实。通俗易懂，十分有趣。

本文语言幽默、诙谐。把拔牙比作剿匪，把牙齿拔光就是要把国土上的官匪肃清。作者没有一本正经地讲述自己的主题，而是从自身出发，从牙齿出发。庄严之中也带着一点小俏皮。作者形象地揭露出一些官位处于国家栋梁之位，被人民滋养，却危害国家；不为人民造福，却残害人民。本文的语言让读者欣赏的同时，也给人一种幽默的感觉。可读完后，却能使读者陷入沉思。

这篇文章具有强烈的讽刺意义，讽刺了那些官匪，对待他们千万不可采取隐忍、孝敬的态度，对官匪的仁慈是不对的，对他们唯一的办法就是兴兵伐纣，替天行道。

第五篇：优秀英语短文赏析

优秀英语短文赏析

1.On Open Policy

The open policy means that our country is open to investment, trade and technical and economic cooperation with other countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.The purpose of open policy is to acquire advanced technology, management skills to serve our socialist construction so as to promote the realization of the four modernizations.We must stick to the open policy.Because economic relations between states today have become increasingly close, and no country can possibly advance behind closed doors.Only in this way can we gradually close the gap between our country and the developed countries.Through the implementation of policy, we can learn advanced technology and managerial expertise from abroad;make full use of the foreign capitals to set up great enterprises;absorb useful and healthy ideas and new knowledge of the modern civilization;and broaden our views and raise our level of competence.2.The place of Science and Technology in Modern Life.Human life can not continue without science and technology.For many years, human society has developed with the advance of science and technology while the development of science and technology has in turn brought the process to mankind.So the life we are living now is more civilized than that of our fore fathers.The development of science and technology have brought about many changes in people's life.for example, the invention of television and space rocket have opened a new era for mankind.Through the use of TV people can hear the sound and learn the events happening thousands of miles away.Owing to the invention of spaceship and rocket, the dream of man's landing on the moon has now come true.Science and technology also play an important role in our socialist construction.We may say, our socialist construction is just like a skyscraper, while science and technology are its base.Without the base, the skyscraper can't be built.Therefore, we should try our best to contribute to the development of science and technology so as to provide a more solid base to build our country.3.Importance of Education

China, as a developing country, is determined to catch up with and even surpass the developed ones.I think that one of the best possible ways to do so is to give first priority(优先）to the development of culture, science and especially education.In modern times, when science and technology are making great progress, the education of the work force is of primary importance.Moreover, many of the success in advanced countries have demonstrated that a nation 's prosperity mainly depends on the quality of its labour force, namely those who have been well educated.In a developing country such as China, our investment in culture, education and science, and especially elementary education, must enjoy top priority.This is crucial(决定性的）for China to catch up with the developed nations in today's surging(汹涌的)waves of technological revolution.Otherwise, the gap between China and advanced countries will be widened rather than bridged.4.Air Pollution

Air pollution is one of the major problems of the modern world.A great deal of energy is needed to run the factories of modern industrial nations.Automobile, trains, planes and busses need energy, too.Nearly all of this energy is produced by burning fuels.The burning produces wastes, some of which remain in the air, causing air pollution.Scientists are finding ways to stop air pollution especially in big industrial areas and densely-populated cities.They are studying new ways of generating electricity that may be less damaging to the environment.In the meantime, many power plants are being modernized to give off less polluted material.Also, engineers try to design and locate new power plants to do minimum damage to the environment.However, it may be that we still have a long way to go before we have a “clean” world.Nearly all of the countries are trying hard to prevent and control air pollution.There indeed seems to be no end to tasks that environmentalists will be required to do.People will continually find new ways to control pollution.5.Environmental Protection

Today the quality of our natural environment has become an important issue.The world population is rising so quickly that the world has become too crowded.We are using up our natural resources and at the same time polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals.If we continue to do this, life on earth cannot survive.Concerned people have made some progress in environmental protection.Governments of many countries have established laws to protect the air, forests and sea resources and to stop environmental pollution.Still more measures should be taken to solve environmental problems.People should be further educated to recognize the importance of the problems, to use modern methods of birth control, to conserve(保存）our natural resources and recycle（再循环）our products.We are sure that we can have a better and cleaner place in the future.6.Automobiles

Automobiles, as a product of modern civilization, have been playing a vital part in the daily activities of human society.Industry needs automobiles for farming as well as transportation.Every day, automobiles drive people to and from work.On weekends automobiles take families for joyful outings.And during holiday seasons, automobiles fill the highways everywhere, even in remote areas.It could be said that the wheels of automobiles move society forward.But automobiles have also given rise to a series of problems.For example, cities are overcrowded with automobiles.They create a lot of noise and traffic accidents which disable（伤残）or kill many people each year.Worst of all perhaps is the air pollution caused by the exhaust gases produced by automobiles.Some of the gases are highly toxic(有毒的）and a serious health hazard.7.Computer

The computer is widely used in all fields of society.Today, wherever you go, you will find computers being used.For example, computers are used in universities, large corporations, and small offices, etc.It has even entered the homes of ordinary people.As it is able to store and process a large amount of information, the computer bring about great convenience and high efficiency to people of all walks of life.Computers can help people in different ways.For example, computer help scientists in analyzing data and doing complex calculation.For another example, computers are made use of by engineers in designing a plane, or a spaceship.Besides, computers may also play a great role in helping children with their lesson.Whatever you are doing, you many find computer a useful aid.However, the computer must be designed and instructed by man.What is more, it is true that computers can make decisions, but they need detailed instructions and programs prepared by humans to operate.Therefore, the computer can never replace the human brain.8.Travelling

It is exciting to visit different places.As you travel, you will see beautiful sceneries typical of the region.Besides, you can meet and make friends with people of different colors and races.Finally, you can get to know the customs and living habits of the local people.Today people are so fond of travelling that tourism has become one of the fasters growing industries in most countries.The main reason why people travel is, perhaps, for pleasure.For example, having worked hard throughout the weekdays, people will find a widened trip to the nearby mountains or beaches a real relaxation.For another example, spending an annual holiday travelling abroad is an especially satisfying experience for those who do not have much of an opportunity to be away from their homelands.When people return from their travel, they will generally feel fresh and energetic, ready to work harder.Travelling is also one of the best means for learning.You may have read or heard about something but you can never get an accurate picture of it until you see it for yourself.Seeing is believing.Furthermore, if you area careful observer, you can learn much during your travel about the geography, biology, and history of the places you visit.No matter how well educated you are, there is always a lot for you to learn through travelling.The knowledge acquired from travel, as you will have found in your life, is no less valuable than that from any influential reference book.9.The World Population Explosion

The human race has experienced a consistent increase in population since the beginning of its history.Famine and disease have done little to offset(抵消）this steady increase.Too many people are added annually to the population of the world.So both the causes of population increase and the results of having more people are worth careful study.Culture evolution is the major factor responsible for population increase.Early in human development, people invented tools to hunt animals.Later they built shelters to protect themselves.Step by step, they made life easier.As a result, fewer died from natural forces, such as harsh climate and disease.In the past, when population grew, there was unexplored territory to inhabit.But now, almost all the habitable land has been explored.The world's population may reach 8.7 billion in 2033.It is clear that world population is a serious issue that needs careful attention.Human beings are unique to solve problems through cultural evolution.(发展）Facing the world population explosion in the near future.we must carry out the birth control program in order to save the mankind and save the world.10.Opening-door Policy is the Only Way to Make China Strong

Modern Chinese history leads us to the conclusion that socialism, not capitalism is best for China.But how a socialist China should look at capitalism and more importantly, make use of the better side of capitalism for its own advantage is of vital(至关）importance to the country.As far as our country's economic construction is concerned, taking advantage of the part of capitalism that is useful to us means we need to develop foreign trade, introduce advanced technology and better management, and make use of foreign funds.It also means we can absorb some of the economic theories, and make use of those economic policies, methods and measures that comply with(遵循）the law of mass production and a commodity economy.By opening our windows wider to the outside world, people can learn more about other peoples and learn to make sensible judgments.absorbing the better part of the cultures of other people to enrich ourselves is the best way to safeguard our socialist culture.So taking advantage of capitalism and stepping up economic reforms is the only way to make China strong.Closing the county to international exchanges will only keep it weak.11.Choosing an Occupation

Every one faces the problem of choosing an occupation after graduation from college or university, which plays a vital role in his life.An appropriate occupation makes a man work with zest(热情）and vigor, as well as contribute to his country.To make a wise choice, two important things should be taken into consideration.One is the interest, the other, the demands of people and society.Only if the two aspects are connected, can a man show his talent and ability to the best advantage.If the two conflict, the former should be under the latter, for the people's interests are more important than the individual's.In regard to my choice in the future, I am fond of learning foreign languages;what is more, with the implementation of the Open-Door Policy, exchange between home and abroad in economy and culture has been growing significantly, thus I'm determined to be a qualified interpreter.12.Studying abroad In recent years, studying abroad has been popular.Tens of thousands of Chinese teenagers have gone to foreign countries for further study.As is shown on the chart, the number of the teenagers studying abroad is increasing steadily.At the end of 2002, about 40% of the students studying abroad were middle school students.By the year 2005, the proportion can reach up to more than 80%.It is believed that there are many advantages in attending schools abroad.First, students can learn foreign languages more quickly under favorable conditions.Second, it can broaden their experience and help them learn much more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries.However, there are some disadvantages.Most of the students studying abroad are too young to live alone without any living experience.Besides, being far away from their home country, they may feel lonely and homesick.Also, the costs are much higher there than in the native country.As far as I‟m concerned, I would like to go further study abroad after graduation from college so that I can make a greater contribution to our country when I come back.13.Modernization of Family Life

With the rapid development of the society, family life is becoming modernized.Years ago, people considered owing radios, sewing machines, watches and bicycles as being modernized.but in recent years, almost all families have TV sets, refrigerators and washing machines.It is very common to see people ride motorcycles or even drive private cars and more and more families have telephones, computers and air-conditioners.The modernization of family life brings us convenience and comfort.One may enjoy TV or radio programs, communicate with his friends through telephone or work with his computer while his washing machine, refrigerator and air-conditioners are running.and by car or motorcycle one can quickly reach wherever he wants to go.In spite of this, these modern facilities also bring us disadvantages.For example, radiation from TV sets and computers is harmful to our health;improper driving of cars and motorcycles becomes the major cause of traffic accidents.The quietness of a family is often disturbed by a falsedialing or unwelcome phone call.but it is believed that these disadvantages will be disposed of with the improvement of modernization and our life will be more healthy and more comfortable.14.Energy Resources

China is rich in various energy resources.Coal and petroleum, for instance, are two major ones.They are essential in developing the country's industry, science and technology.China has done a great deal in the past few decades to raise its output of coal and petroleum.Three energy resources are being used up rapidly, With the building of four modernization, new industrial and science projects are springing up like bamboo shoots after rain.They are all big consumers of energy resources.Besides there has been considerable waste in the utilization of these resources.To avoid an energy crisis in the future, the government must take certain measures.First, it should let people know the importance of saving energy.Second, efforts should be made to develop new energy resources, such as solar energy, geothermal(地热）energy and so on.We have reason to be optimistic in this respect.15.Competition

Competition makes people original and creative.It very necessary to compete if human society wants to advance.(Even animals compete for survival.)Without it, we would become lazy and nobody would rake any responsibility.When three monks live together, there will be no drinking water.This Chinese proverb vividly describes why China's productivity was so low before Mr Deng came to power.At that time, we had the so-called planned economy.There was no competition at all.So neither farmers nor workers worked hard.China was on the edge of collapse.Competition can stimulate people to try their best to do anything.For example, in 100-meter race, each sportsman runs as quickly as possible, trying to win the champion.The same things happen in our society and in our daily life.If a company wants to surpass others, it must compete with them.It must raise its efficiency.All the companies doing this will no doubt benefit the whole society and the whole human race.Being a student, I must compete with other students in our studies.I must study hard in all the fields so that I can be a useful man when I enter the society after graduation.16.Students’ Part-time jobs

There are many advantages for a student to have a part time job.For instance, it helps him to realize that no success comes from nothing.It enables him to be independent and builds up his self-confidence.Therefore, part-time jobs can get the students out of the ivory tower and give them the opportunity to know more of himself and of his personal value in society.As everything has two sides, the disadvantages can‟t be ignored.Part-time jobs cut into students‟ study time;some even become so preoccupied with making money that they ca „t focus their attention on studying.In the end, the students may fall behind or fail in their studies.In my opinion, students can choose to take up a job according to their own situation.The most important thing is

for him to keep a good balance, put his study on top of the list and assign an adequate amount of time to it.17.Wealth and Happiness

Everybody wants to get wealth.In today‟s material world, making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person‟s success and capability.Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth.With money, they can but nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood;with money, they can own stately luxury cars.Wealth seems with money, they can own stately luxury cars.Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.In my opinion, people cannot do anything without money, but money is not everything.What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life.If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you.With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will and to your own happiness.If you want money just for your own needs, you‟ll never be satisfied or happy.In a word, you should have money spent for more people, only then can money be the source of your happiness.18.Ideals

Everyone has his ideals.A businessman wishes to make greater profit;a farmer expects bumper harvests;a student tries to learn more and better.And everyone strives, with more or less effort, to realize his ideal.One should be sensible about whether his ideal is well founded or not.If it is, one has to plan and work hard for its realization.Effort, skill and persistence are all necessary.And very often, one has to get help from others, including advice and support in one form or another.My ideal is to become a doctor, It is said that the field of medicine is a well-paid profession, but I take it as a lofty profession entrusted with saving people‟s lives.To realize my ideal I have concentrated on laboratory work to develop the analytical skills necessary to become a qualified doctor.I am sure I will realize my ideal if I persevere in this pursuit.19.Popular Sports in China

Sports are flourishing in china now.More and more people are willing to take part in sports of different kinds, such as table-tennis, football, volleyball, and so on.Every year there are many matches played on the city, provincial or national level.Sports are no longer limited to a few professional players.Early in the morning people may be seen doing exercise.Martial arts(like Chinese boxing or swordplay)which formerly were cultivated for self-defense, now have become a form of physical exercise and are practiced in parks, streets, gardens, or on campuses.In addition young and old people are also often seen running in order to build up their bodies.China promotes sports to enhance the physical condition of its people;she is formulating policies to provide encouragement of this activity.She awards prizes to the excellent players for the best records both in china and the world.In the world the Chinese have become a strong people instead of “the weaklings of East Asia”.20.Is Failure a Bad Thing?

Failure is what often happens.It is everywhere in our life.Students may fail in exams, scientists may fail in their research work, and athletes may fail in competitions.Although failure happens to everyone, attitudes towards failure are various.Some people don‟t think their failure is a very important thing at all.So they pay no attention to it.As a result, they will have the same failure a period later.Some people think themselves are fools and lose their hearts in everything after they get a failure.Consequently, they spend their time and energy on useless things and they may really be fools as they have thought.Other people are quite different from the two kinds of people mentioned above.Instead of being distressed and lost, they draw a lesson from every failure and become more experienced.After hard work, they will be successful in the end.It is said that failure is the mother of success.Success will be gained after times of failures so ling as we are good at drawing lesson from our failures.In my opinion, failure is not a bad thing, the really bad thing is taking a failure as failure or even lose our heart after failure.21.Health and Life

As the saying goes, you don‟t know what happiness is until you lose it，you don‟t know what health is until

you are ill.“Health is of vital importance to life” sounds like a cliche to everyone, but it is absolutely true.The negligence of the delicate balance of your body and soul, the harmful habits such as smoking, excessive drinking and burning mid-night oil will catch up with you someday.How many big plans are interrupted by bad health!Even a normal life is unimaginable without the guarantee of health.How to keep fit is an eternal topic of diversity and controversy.Regardless of all the different suggestions poured from all kinds of sources, one should do at least two things for him/herself.First, hold an active and optimistic attitude toward life and maintain a mental well-being.Second, live a regular life and keep a balanced diet.Anyway, a healthy life is within reach when you begin to adjust your mind and body.22.Dialect TV plays Last week a discussion was held in our class about whether dialects should be on TV.45% of the students held the idea that a television play is more interesting and enjoyable if a dialect is used.China is a large country where people speak many different dialects.Using dialects on TV programmes can show different cultures in different places, so that people can learn more about our country.However, the other 55% of us didn‟t agree with them.They thought that as people in a developing country become more closely related, there should be a common language for communication.If dialects are used on TV, some audiences will not understand the programmes.They will not be able to communicate.Besides, if dialects are used on TV, people who watch it will probably misunderstand what performers intend to express.Some of them may lose interest in watching it.23.Recycle textbooks As we know, when senior students graduate from school, most of their textbooks, which are still in good condition are thrown away.What a great waste it is!Thus, here comes a heated debate on / people have different opinions about whether we should recycle textbooks.Some people are the opponents because they think there is a danger for students when using the recycling textbooks with many bacteria on them, which are bad for children‟s health.Furthermore, notes on the pages made by the students may disturb the next users.As for Printing Industry, Publishing Industry and other related ones, it is big loss in making profits.On the other hand, however, many more people think recycling textbooks is a good suggestion, which I quite agree to.For one thing, recycling textbooks can save a lot of natural resources and reduce waste.Besides, a cut in the expenses means less stress for the parents, especially for those relatively less rich ones.And for students, it is also a useful way to develop a good habit of reading and taking care of books, to cultivate the sense of social responsibility of valuing common property and promote the awareness of treasuring natural resources.As a matter of fact, recycling textbooks is very popular with some foreign countries such as Australia, which has set a good example to us.Therefore, recycling textbooks is not only necessary but also helpful.24.Harmonious society What a good boy!Child as he is, he set up a good example to us.Everyone has the responsibility to keep our environment clean.If everyone does as Xiao Ming did, we can imagine how harmonious the society will be.Compared with the whole society, a tiny person perhaps won‟t have an opportunity to create a great cause.But if we paid more attention to some tiny things around us, we would make a contribution to the development of the Harmonious Society.25.Happiness Happiness means different things to different people./ Different people value happiness differently.So a survey has been conducted by China Daily lately among students to find out what happiness means to them.29% of the students believe that money can make them happy.They think they can buy and do whatever they like with the money they have.However, 34% of them insist that health is the most important, without which they cannot enjoy themselves.There are another 13% of the students expecting the wealth from their parents, thus they don‟t have to work while the rest 24% think they should put knowledge at the first place.But I don‟t think money and wealth are the most important.There are many things that you can‟t do with money.Healthy body but less knowledge cannot make a great man.So I quite agree to the opinion that mastering more knowledge is the happiest thing in people‟s lives.With knowledge we can do lots of useful things to make people live better and happier.Of course we‟ll be much clever and much more thoughtful with knowledge.26.Jobs I‟m a senior 3 student.My name is Li Ming.Recently I have made a survey among 50 boys and 50 girls.The result of the survey is as follows: What the boys like to do is to become businessmen and scientists.Only a few boys want to be teachers.It is interesting that the number of boys and girls who want to become doctors is equal.As for lawyers, more boys expect to have this job.However, there are still students who are not clear about their future.27.Learning strategy Thank you for writing to me.I‟m sorry that you are worried about your study.My suggestions are as follows:

Firstly, you‟d better keep in a good mood to overcome test anxiety.It‟s important to stay calm when facing difficulties.It will help you relax and concentrate on what you are learning.Don‟t step away from a challenge, but go for it.Secondly, it is necessary to make a study scheme and set yourself/have a clear goal.Making a good study plan makes it possible for you to learn more and faster in limited time, and therefore prepares you for the coming exams.Last but not least, you should create your learning strategy so that you can learn more efficiently.Try to find the most appropriate ways to improve your study skills, then you‟ll manage your learning effectively.Cheer up and have confidence in your own abilities, and I‟m sure you‟ll succeed.28.Study at university Next year, I will go to study at university, but I don‟t know how to adapt myself to university life.I hear many freshmen are at a loss what to do when they are at university.They can‟t take care of themselves in their everyday life, feeling lonely and homesick.Clothes, money or mobile phones are sometimes gone.And because of different climates and food, they often feel sick.Some even rent rooms outside the campus.Could you tell me how to deal with these problems so that I will be able to suit the university life in the future? 29.Power station I‟m a middle school student.I hear that a power station will be built near Mt.Yunxia, a place of interest.We know the power station will provide us with plenty of power and as a result, the local economy will develop rapidly, but many citizens and I are against the plan.To build the power station, many people will have to move away and a great number of trees will have to be cut down.What‟s worse, once the scenery of Mt.Yunxia is destroyed, it can never be restored.Therefore, this plan is not good for protecting the environment.We suggest the city government should think over the plan.30.Saving Our City As is known to all, it is very important to deal with the rubbish in cities.Rubbish must be treated properly.Otherwise it may pollute the environment and do harm to our health/ cause a lot of problems.It may pollute the air and water.When people breathe(in)the polluted air and drink the polluted water, they may get ill.Our city has begun to pay attention to the problem.As far as I know, some rubbish is sorted and sent to different factories.Rubbish, such as old newspapers and glass, is recycled.Some harmful rubbish is sent to a certain place and buried.Waste air is cleaned before it goes into the air.Waste water is treated before(it is)poured into rivers.At the same time, the government has passed laws to prevent people from throwing rubbish everywhere to protect the environment.We should do our best to take good care of the environment.