第一篇:中美高中生英语写作课的差距
中美高中生英语写作课的差距
Roy初中毕业于上海平和双语学校,高中就读的是麻省沿海的私立高中Tabor Academy,毕业后考入康奈尔大学。在美高读书的四年,他发现学校的英语写作课,不像中国高中的英语写作课那样强调“语法”。文体通常为议论文,强调结构与逻辑,其中不少“论据”需引用自名家名篇,这也对学生的阅读量提出了很高的要求。
Roy曾在网上查阅到中国高考(微博)对英文写作的要求:字数150字左右,文体为记叙文(通常为Email,书信,请假条等),考察语言运用能力,内容与题目相符即可。例题如下:
假设你是新华中学的学生李华,你的美国朋友Tom一周前给你发电子邮件,询问你暑假里的打算,但你因准备期末考试未能及时回复。请根据以下要点给他回邮件:
1、未及时回复的原因;
2.你假期的打算(如做兼职、旅行、做志愿者等)。
字数:120~150;
3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Roy评论说,从这个题目可以看出,中国高考的英文写作,对创作能力基本没有要求,命题人会告诉你需要写什么。他看过另外一些题目,开头结尾都已写好,只需要中间内容,字数比较少,基本没有自己发挥的空间。
美高的英文作文,字数要求约在600至2000字。其中,大多数课内作文字数为600字,每学期有1至2篇千字以上的“研究报告”。文体以议论文为主,记叙文为辅。其中,议论文主要考核结构和逻辑的紧密性,记叙文主要考察修辞手法的运用能力。作文的语言则没有那么重要。
通常记叙文的题目比较开放,不像中国的命题人告诉你需要写什么。学生写作时,可以自己组织结构,自由发挥。记叙文写作若想取得高分,很重要的一点是“Show,not tell”(从侧面描写,而不是直接说)。采用这样的方法,文章不会那么死板,阅读者通过阅读文章产生丰富的自我联想。
一般来说,记叙文的修辞方法包括比喻,对比,反语,象征,铺垫等。Roy举出以下例子: The girl’s face is as red as an apple.VS The girl is really shy.(比喻,把女孩的脸比喻成红苹果,形容害羞)
The boy is like a bunny.VS The boy runs fast.(比喻,把男孩比喻成兔子,形容速度快)
It is a sunny day.VS I’m in good mood.(美国写作中常见的写作方法。通过描写景色,衬托情绪)
议论文拿高分的重点是结构。“结构之所以那么重要,是因为它反映学生思路是否清晰,是否能清楚论证你的观点。”
议论文的大致结构为介绍+主题+总结。其中介绍部分,讲述整篇文章说什么,概括各个分论点,最后提出你的中心论点(中心思想)。主文部分的第一句需要概括性的句子,通过例子、证据来论证分论点。
和中国学生写读后感常以自己感想为主不同,美高的议论文写作的证据来源于以下三个方面:
一、经典文章中的原句
二、客观的数据
三、有影响力、大众认可度高的历史事件和时事新闻 Roy曾遇到过的议论文作文题包括:
1、《了不起的盖茨比》中盖茨比是否真的了不起?(美高课堂作文)
2、《哈克贝利·弗恩历险记》是否反映了马克吐温的种族主义倾向?(美高课堂作文)
3、知识是负担还是福利?(SAT考题)
Roy总结说,中国英语写作和美国英语写作差距很大,主要包括字数(中国英文写作约为150字左右,美国作文为600至2000字,文体(中国主考记叙文,美国主考议论文),中国写作考察的能力为语法和基本逻辑,而美高的作文,则更强调修辞手法、结构和紧密的逻辑。
“我感觉美高的作文训练,对我大学的论文写作很有帮助。”Roy告诉记者,"和那些从中国高中考来康奈尔大学的中国学生相比,我感觉自己的文章组织逻辑更强,例子的运用更到位,分析更加清晰。“ ##TIPS## Roy高中时期阅读过的9本印象深刻的书
1、The Great Gatsby《了不起的盖茨比》
2、Of mice and men 《人鼠之间》
3、The color purple 《紫色姐妹花》
4、The crucible 《萨勒姆的女巫》
5、Adventures of huckleberry Finn 《哈克贝利·弗恩历险记》
6、The adventures of Tom Sawyer《汤姆·索亚历险记》
7、The old man and the sea《老人与海》
8、The Catcher in the Rye 《麦田里的守望者》
9、Harry Potter系列 《哈利·波特》系列 ================= 我们的宗旨:打造行业最优教育品牌、提供一线教育咨询和资源、开拓教育思维,致力于初高中生文化辅导和思维能力提升。企业一心致力于构建最好最优质的学习的平台。以最专业的教育理念和实践,做最专业的教育,让您的孩子过一种幸福完整的教育生活!
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第二篇:中美写作比较
美国的写作训练文体大致分为:
(1)书信,包括正式书信和非正式书信、(2)计划、(3)梗概、(4)报告、(5)评论、(6)创作。美国语文教学则倾向于从写作能力要素的角度对文体进行分类。对各文体的训练要求可以较明显地反映这一特点。例如“梗概”的写作要求是:“记下主要的事实,接着要用完整的句子写下来,用不同的方式将它们连接到一起,然后去掉一些不必要的形容词和材料。最后使文字比较简洁。”从这一段介绍来看,“梗概”的写作主要是训练学生的语言概括能力,相当于我国作文教学中的缩写。再如,对“创作”并没有严格的文体形式上的要求,而是把它定义为“创造性写作”,并提出了“真诚、感情、独特性”三点要求,指出:“说明性文章倾向于使读者思考,创造性的写作则是让读者感觉。创造性作品所表达的情感和态度,没有哪两篇文章是完全相同的。”这里所说的“创作”并非我们通常意义上的文学创作,而是指写作中的创造能力。美国语文教学中的“实用文”并不是严格意义上的文体概念,而是突出各类文体中的“实用性”。这与我国语文教学中的“应用文”是有所区别的。我们所说的“应用文”是指实用功能很强的一类文体,可以划分出若干种具体的文体,每种文体都有形式上的特殊要求。从逻辑上看,美国语文教学对文体的分类显得不够严谨。但各种训练文体都从社会生活的实际需要出发,提出了具体要求。这一点很值得我们借鉴。
中美实用写作教学比较研究:
我国的语文教学通常把写作训练文体分为记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文四大类。其中,应用文又分出若干小类。如属于生活类应用文的请假条、申请书、读书报告、书信、计划、总结等,此外还有公文类应用文。我国语文教学对写作训练文体的分类较为严密,强调对文体形式的把握。
第三篇:写作课英语写作课说课稿)
NSEFC BOOK3 新课标必修三 Unit 2 Healthy Eating
From Students’ book P16
Write a short passage to advertise your restaurant and its service.Your writing should:
Explain what kind of food will be offered in your restaurant
Describe their ingredients, flavor, smell and appearance
Explain how they will provide a balanced diet
Explain why your restaurant will provide the best food in the area
Explain how customers will be served
说课稿:
Good afternoon, everyone.I’m so glad to be here to talk about my teaching plan.The teaching plan I ‘m going to talk about is the writing period of Unit2 Healthy Eating taken from NSEFC BOOK3.I will explain in the following 5 parts:
1.Understanding of the teaching material
2.Analysis of my students
3.Teaching methods and studying ways.4.Teaching procedure.5.Blackboard Design
Part 1.Understanding of the teaching material
My Understanding of the teaching material includes 3 parts: the status and function, teaching objectives, teaching important and difficult points.At the beginning let’s focus on the first part.This unit mainly talks about healthy eating, problems with diet and balanced diet and nutrition.This writing period is about persuasive writing—an advertisement.So this lesson plays an important role in this unit---how to use what Ss learnt in this unit to write an advertisement so as to persuade customers.That’s all for the first part, now let’s move to the second part.According to the teaching material and the new curriculum of English, in order to fulfill the learning task of this lesson, I establish the following objectives:
a)Knowledge objectives
By the end of this lesson the students will have a better understanding of the structure and characteristics of an advertisement.The students will grasp and can some useful words and expressions to describe a good restaurant such as: fresh, delicious, mouthwatering, home-made food, nutritious, reasonable price … etc
b)Ability objectives
Students will be encouraged to use persuasive sentences.They can make use of the modal verbs which they’ve learnt from last lesson: such as should, would, could, will and so on.Their ability of information gathering, analyzing, comparing and making conclusion will be improved through discussing in groups in pre-writing while the ability of imagination, cohering, creating and persuading will be developed in writing.c)Moral objectives
I will make full use of this lesson to stimulate the students’ learning motivation and make the students confident and improve their ability of cooperating with each other through discussing.Teaching important and difficult points:
This is a writing class so the Teaching important and difficult points are how to make use of sentence structures they’ve learnt to write an advertisement of a restaurant and how to improve the Ss’ writing skills.Part 2.The Analysis of the students:
The students in this grade have known some basic knowledge of advertisement, and they are active in mind.They are able to express simple ideas in simple English under the teacher’s guidance.And they are more interested in concrete images, so in the process of teaching, I will make full use of the pictures.Part 3.Teaching methods and learning ways:
Generally speaking, I will adopt task-based approach, cooperating approach and communicative approach.As for learning, Ss will learn through discussing, information gathering, discussing, comparing and polishing.Part 4.Teaching Procedure
Here comes the most important part of my teaching plan—my teaching procedure.It includes 5 steps:
Step1.Revision & lead in.(3M’)
First check the homework of last class---which was to find out a successful restaurant advertisement from internet or library.Then let the students swap the homework with each other and discuss in groups of 4, take notes, find out and category the impressive sentences into 5 kinds of information:
1.Food(special food, flavor, ingredients, balanced diet etc.)
2.Location
3.Decoration
4.Music
5.Service
6.Price
This step is very important because it can improve the students’ ability to cooperate with each other, prepare them with the information needed and get them interested in the writing process.Step2.Discussing(8 M’)
Before they discuss in groups of 4, I will show our students 4 pictures of some famous restaurants in Wenzhou-----Shamaohe Sushi Restaurant, Spicy Noodles, Golden Prince Steak House, and Concept Restaurant.Those pictures are placed together with the pictures of their recommended dishes and some key words after(Such as fresh, yummy, nutritious, recommend, specialize, home-made etc.).I will let the students choose one restaurant and suppose they were the owners, then discuss how to advertise the recommended food in 3 sentences.I will ask 3 students to report their work.In this step, I show them the pictures of their familiar restaurants to stimulate their imagination and attract their interests.Step 3.Pre-writing(10 M’)
This step includes 2 activities.Activity one, I will show them the sample advertisement.Activity two, they will be encouraged to read the advertisement and think over what are the characteristics of a successful restaurant advertisement.I will encourage some students to analyze and tell me their opinion, so as to improve their ability of analysis, conclusion and imitation.Then I will give out some suggested points:
Point1.Use the Modal Verb to persuade(Once you’ve tried our food, you will never want to go anywhere else.)
Point2.Use imperative and short sentences to encourage.(Come and eat here!Discounts today!)
Point3.Use questions to arouse interest.(Do you want to have home-made flavor food everyday?)
Point 4.Being creative and catchy.(Do you want to date the fresh sea food with your tongue?)
Point 5.It must have a topic sentence.Step 4.While-writing.(16 M’)
Before they write I will ask students to read the requirements on page 16.So they will mainly focus on food and service.I will ask them to write the topic sentence first, and then write at least 6 supporting sentences to advertise the above 4 restaurant motioned.During their writing I will walk around them and help them with some vocabulary.Step 5.Post-writing.(6 M’)
After they’ve done the writing, I will let them swap their passage with each other and recommend 3 most successful advertisements----the most funny, the most impressive, and the most creative ones.In this step their ability of comparison and evaluation is developed.And their interest of writing is aroused.Step 6.Homework.(2 M’)
1.Polish their writing and write some more aspects of their restaurants, such as music, decoration, location, etc.Their final work will be modified and selected, then the most successful ones will be put up on the English Corner.2.Review the words and expressions in this unit, and we will have a dictation.This step plays an important role in improving their writing skills and autonomous learning ability.The following is my blackboard design: kinds of information could be advertised:
1.Food(special food, flavor, ingredients, balanced diet etc.)
2.Location
3.Decoration
4.Music
5.Service
6.Price Stylish Characteristics of a successful advertisement
Point1.Use the Modal Verb to persuade(Once you’ve tried our food, you will never want to go anywhere else.)
Point2.Use imperative and short sentences to encourage.(Come and eat here!Discounts today!)
Point3.Use questions to arouse interest.(Do you want to have home-made flavor food everyday?)
Point 4.Being creative and catchy.(Do you want to date the fresh sea food with your tongue?)
Point 5.It must have a topic sentence.
第四篇:高中生如何轻松学习英语写作
标题:高中生如何轻松学习英语写作
关键词:如何轻松学习英语
导读:在高考试卷中,作文部分的总分虽然并不是特别多,但是要是能够顺利拿到高分也是很好的,毕竟每一分都很重要。所以我们就介绍高中生如何轻松学习英语写作,希望有用。
如果说在“听说读写”四个方面的练习中,哪个是最不受重视的,肯定是写了!毕竟写的难度是最大的,要是没有丰富的词汇或者语法实在不行,写的时候也会困难重重。所以我们就要知道高中生要如何轻松学习英语写作,这样才能在写作上拿分。
对于如何轻松学习英语写作,我建议你,平时读报,或者做题的时候,发现有好的句子好的词汇,你要抄下来,长期下来,你的作文会有提高的,需要说明的是,这个提高过程可能很缓慢,但是最后能收到很好的效果,以前25分的作文我都能保证在21-23这个级别,靠的就是对语法的熟练掌握和积累了许多较高级的词汇,句型,句子。我个人的理解是,在你的语法达到基本不会出错的程度上,作文便应该以词汇取胜,因为在这个层次上,大家的语法都差不多,没什么变化,唯一有变化的就是你的词汇!给你打个比方吧,很多想到“许多”就用many,但是你别忘了many a ;handsome;massive,innumerable。
有些人觉得如何轻松学习英语作文这个问题很简单,背几篇范文或者模板就解决了,但是这种取巧的行为都不能真正的提高你的写作能力,而且我们也不知道具体的题目是什么样的,所以也是有很大的风险的,所以我们还是要踏踏实实的练习才行。更多学习资料请见美联英语学习网。
第五篇:“中美写作危机”读后感
近十几年,美国学生大大不如从前,“文理不通,措辞不当”等一系列的不断涌现,“中美写作危机”读后感。从70年代以后便开始出现“弃笔风",随着电子产品电子科技的不断发展完善,亲笔书信的方式似乎已经被人们淡忘,“在一个电话代替私信,电视代替报纸的时代”人们慢慢觉得,写作已经变得不那么重要了。
而在中国,这种现象也非常严重,无数高校学子在看到毕业论文题目是不知从何下手。他们习惯了在讲台上侃侃而谈,可当他们真正准备提笔挥墨时,突然发现其实根本无从下手。
可问题究竟在哪呢?纵观整个世界,经济,政治等方面的高速发展,要求所有人在做任何事时必须不断提速,而电子茶品就自然的成了大家最好的选择,高速便捷。“一通电话就可以解决的问题何必麻烦的去写信呢?”这是现今社会白领普遍存在的问题。
正因如此,我们在不断加速的同时应该继续坚持笔写手写,它既可以锻炼一个人的逻辑思维能力;其次,由于是亲手写的,其记忆性更强印象更深,对日后使用更加有利。
接着把眼光放进学校,救母亲的教学方式来看,我国的很多学校都是把“写作”作为一门独立的学科存在,读后感《“中美写作危机”读后感》。这样只会让学生把写作看成一种任务机械的完成,这样是没有任何意义的,完全起不到锻炼文笔的作用。
美国詹姆斯 霍华德说过:写作能力代表一个人的文化水平程度,要想使得这种水平得到提高,写作课既不能作为桌多学科中的一门独立学科,也不能作为语文科的一个唯一领域来教”现在,有很多教育学家主张实行综合写作训练,及要求所有的学科都要承担写作训练任务。这个很重要,如果能够将协作学习融入方方面面,这对写作水平的提高会有极大的帮助。
其次,现代学生写作过程中有太多口语化的文字,而且很多语句都很不通顺。其实写作的过程就是一个内心情感外话的过程。当一种思维或一件事情出现在脑海,任便产生了一种“内部语言”,此时我们要做的就是整理好情绪,组织好语言,然后把他们写出来。因此,在整个过程中,我们必须注意在把意识转化成书面文字时,切记出现口语词汇,要把所有口语表达的东西都换成规范的书面语,这就要求我们在写作的过程中有很好的措辞能力,比米娜出现不必要的笑话。
最后,也是较为重要的。如今很多学生在写作文时会发现无从下笔,没有东西可写。而它所暴露出来的问题就是学生写作素材的匮乏。对此,我们应该在日常的学习生活中多读多看多观察,学者记录生活,积累生活片段,而这些片段将会成为写作材料的重要组成部分。
在21世纪高速发展的步伐下,“写作危机”出现正是对人们的一个警示。所以,我们有必要通过各种方式来提高自身的写作能力,从而避免所谓的“最优文盲”的出现。