科技英语试卷

第一篇：科技英语试卷

I.Translation Section A: Please translate the following words or phrases into English

1、一次能源：Primary energy

2、放射性的：Radioactive

3、复合物：Compound

4、淀粉：Starch

5、光伏的：Photovoltaic

6、负荷中心：Load center

7、比能： Specific energy

8、金属氧化物：Metal hydride

9、应急储备 Contingency reserves

10、无功功率：Reactive power

11、涡轮机：Turbo-machine

12、电流密度：Current density

13、城市的：Municipal

14、静电的：Electrostatic

15、多相反应：Multiphase reaction

16、生成反应：Formation reaction

17、相对电导率：relative conductivity

18、热力学：thermodynamics

19、相图：Phase diagram 20、移动电话：cellular telephone

21、净电荷：net charge

22、外电流：external current

23、晶核材料：Host material

24、盐丘：Salt domes

25、资金成本：Capital cost

26、骤然下降：Plummet

27、发电组合：Generation mix

28、扭矩：Torque

29、能量密度：energy density 30、兆瓦：Megawatt Section B: Please translate the following words or phrases into Chinese

31、Transesterification 酯交换反应

32、Valley filling低谷填充

33、Coulometric titration 库伦滴定法

34、Noncombustible不燃烧的

35、Synchronously同步地

36、Market penetration市场渗透

37、Schematically按照图示

38、Interstitial site间隙位置

39、maximum theoretical specific energy最大理论比能量

40、be analogous to类似于……

41、polarization极化

42、Energy Independence and Security Act能源独立和安全法案

43、Macroscopic scale宏观规模

44、Rotor angle instability工角失稳

45、Ubiquitous 无所不在的，普遍的46、Dynamic load动态负荷

47、overriding最重要的

48、ionic current离子电流

49、impedance阻抗

50、specific power功率系数

51、Displacement reaction置换反应

52、charge capacity蓄电量

53、Contingency reserves应急储备

54、anodic polarization阳极极化

55、proton exchange membrane质子交换膜

56、the factorial of n N的阶乘

57、the base of natural logarithm自然对数的底

58、atomic orbital原子轨道

59、body-centred cubic体心立方

60、potential difference电位差

II.Sentence Translation

1、They can be used for a very wide range of applications, from assisting the very large-scale electrical grid down to tiny portable devices used for many purposes.他们可以被使用于非常广泛的应用,从协助非常大规模的电网到微型便携设备用于许多目的。

2、When considering the use of electrochemical energy storage systems in various applications, it is important to be aware of the properties that might be relevant, for they are not always the same in every case.当考虑使用电化学储能系统在各种应用程序中,重要的是要注意的属性可能是相关的,因为他们并不总是相同的在每一个案例。

3、A rule of thumb that was used for a number of the conventional aqueous electrolyte battery systems was that a practical cell could only produce about 1/5–1/4 of the maximum theoretical specific energy(MTSE).经验法则是用于许多传统的水电解质电池系统是一个实际的细胞只能产生大约1/5-1/4的最大理论具体能源(MTSE)。

4、Electrochemical energy production is under serious consideration as an alternative energy/power source, as long as this energy consumption is designed to be more sustainable and more environmentally friendly.电化学能源生产正在认真考虑作为替代能源/电源,只要这种能耗设计更可持续、更环保。

5、Batteries are divided into two general classes: primary batteries that are discharged once and discarded;secondary, rechargeable batteries that can be discharged and then restored to their original condition by reversing the current flow through the cell.电池分为两个一般类:一次电池放电一次,丢弃;二次可充电电池,可以放电,然后恢复到原来的状态由逆向电流通过电池。

6、这将是本文所示,一个可以理解的主要现象和问题在电化学系统中没有详细考虑他们真正的电化学特性。

It will be shown in this text that one can understand the major phenomena and issues in electrochemical systems without considering their truly electrochemical features in detail.7、这些特定的值不应作为决定性的,因为他们依赖于大量的操作因素和不同的设计,不同的制造商。

These particular values should not be taken as definitive, for they depend upon a number of operating factors and vary with the designs of different manufacturers.8、除了他们的能量容量,另一个与电池的实际使用相关的参数是它们能供应的能量的数量。

In addition to their energy capacity, another important parameter relating to the practical use of batteries is the amount of power that they can supply.9、虽然能量储存和转换机制是不同的,但有这三个系统的“电化学相似之处”。

Although the energy storage and conversion mechanisms are different, there are “electrochemical similarities” of these three systems.10、这是一个物质，它的吸收太阳辐射较低，因此,需要一层厚厚的硅高效吸收。

It is a material with relatively low absorption of solar radiation, and, therefore, a thick layer of silicon is required for efficient absorption.III.Reading Comprehension Development of PV world markets in MWpeak(MWpeak is defined as power under

full sun, approximately 1 kW/m2)

There are two major market sectors, grid-connected and so-called standalone systems.The former delivers power directly to the grid.For this purpose the dc current from the solar modules is converted into ac by an inverter.The latter supplies power to decentralized systems and small-scale consumer products.A major market currently being developed is in solar home systems, supplying basic electricity demand of rural population in developing countries.The magnitude of this task can be appreciated if one is aware that about 2 billion persons are without access to electricity today.At present, both markets need subsidies, the grid-connected installations because PV is much more costly than grid electricity, and solar home systems because the potential users lack the investment capital.On the other hand, there is also a significant industrial stand-alone market that today is fully economical.Because of its high potential, the market is hotly contested and new companies are entering constantly.It is significant that several large oil companies have now established firm footholds in photovoltaics.Indeed, a recent study of possible future energy scenarios up to the year 2060 published by the Shell company predicts a multigigawatt energy production by renewable energies, including photovoltaics.On the other hand, the strong competition leads to very low profit margins of most participants of this market.Starting in 2000, the market showed an accelerated growth of more than 30%.There are good chances that this growth will continue for at least some years because some countries have adopted aggressive measures to stimulate the grid-connected market, as mentioned above.In order to meet the growing demand, many PV companies are in the process of setting up substantial new cell and module production capacities.1、What is the solar home systems’ purpose and the magnitude of it? supplying basic electricity demand of rural population in developing countries.The magnitude of this task can be appreciated if one is aware that about 2 billion persons are without access to electricity today.2、What are two major market sector? And introduce them simply.There are two major market sectors, grid-connected and so-called standalone systems.The former delivers power directly to the grid.For this purpose the dc current from the solar modules is converted into ac by an inverter.The latter supplies power to decentralized systems and small-scale consumer products.3、Why we can say the market has good prospects?

Starting in 2000, the market showed an accelerated growth of more than 30% and some countries have adopted aggressive measures to stimulate the grid-connected market, as mentioned above.

第二篇：科技英语

Unit 1

II.Word and Phrase Translation

A.1)互赢博弈和互败博弈

2)连续策略博弈

3)联立策略博弈

4)直线推理

5)循环推理

6)纳什均衡

7)支配性策略

8)最优化结果

9)合作破裂

10)边缘化策略

B.1)pure conflict

2)competition and cooperation

3)strategic interdependence

4)prisoners’ dilemma

5)long-run loss

6)tit-for-tat strategy

7)mixing one’s moves

8)hit a passing shot cross-court or down the line

9)monopoly market

10)equilibrium shares

III.Sentence Translation:

A.Translate the following English sentences into Chinese:(Pay attention to the underlined part)

1.博弈的实质是博弈者采取策略之间的相互依赖性。这种策略性的相互依赖表现为两个不同的类别：连续策略之间的相互作用以及联立策略之间的相互作用。

2.当我们把博弈的结果表述为一种均衡的时候，并不是基于以下的假设：即博弈的每个参与者的个人最佳策略将会带来共同的最优化结果。

3.在一些博弈的冲突中，任何条理化和计划性的行为都会被对手发现并加以利用。因此，通过采用组合性策略使对手迷惑就显的非常重要。我们在体育运动中可以发现典型的例子---比如足球比赛时特定情况下选择跑位或传球，网球比赛击球时选择斜线球或底线球。

4.边缘政策 “是一种故意使局势变的有些无法控制的策略，正是这种无法控制性可能会使另一方无法接受而选择妥协。”

5.当博弈的一方了解其他人所不掌握的信息时，他会急于隐瞒这一信息(比如牌局中所拿到的牌)，在其他一些情况下，他还会想令人信服的公开某些信息(比如某一公司对质量的承诺)。在这两种情况下，行胜于言是博弈者遵循的基本原则。

Para1 博弈是有关策略的科学。它试图以数学和逻辑的方法来帮助博弈者作出决策，在一系列纷繁复杂的博弈中应采取何种策略来保证自己获得最大利益。博弈论研究的博弈的范围包括了从下棋到抚育儿童，从网球竞技到公司转手。但是所有的博弈都具有一个共同的特征：相互作用。也就是说,每一个博弈者的博弈结果取决于所有博弈参与者的策略选择。在零和博弈中，博弈者的利益之间是完全冲突的，因此一方的得利必然导致另一方的损失。更多具有代表性的例子还有会导致共同得利(正和)博弈和共同损失(负和)博弈，同样的情况还会发生在另外一些冲突中。

Para2博弈论研究的先驱者是普林斯顿数学家约翰•冯•诺依曼。在早先的一段时间里，研究的重点被放在了完全冲突(零和)博弈(非合作博弈)上，其他的博弈当时被认为是以合作形式出现。也就是说，博弈要求参与者共同地选择和实施他们的行为.最近的研究则把重点放在了那些既不属于零和博弈也不属于绝对合作博弈的情况上，在这些博弈中，博弈者自主地选择博弈行为，但他们之间的相互关系中充满了合作与竞争。

Para7与连续策略博弈的线形思维不同的是，采取共发性策略的博弈要求逻辑思维。在忽略其他参与者当前策略的情况下，尽管博弈者们同时采取行动，每一个参与者必须清楚的意识同时还会有其他的参与者在依次关注整个博弈过程。这时的思维模式可描述为：我想他认为我会这样考虑„。因此，博弈者必须从全体博弈者的立场出发并努力判断出最终的博弈结果。每个参与者的个人最佳行为都是全局谋划中不可或缺的一部分。

Para8运用普林斯顿数学家约翰•纳什提出的均衡概念，可以推导出这种逻辑思维的结论。我们寻求一系列的策略组合，每个博弈者都会有自己的选择，当所有的对手们在实施他们决定的最佳策略时，我们所做的选择应该对自己是最有利的。换句话说，每个博弈者都会对其他人的策略作出最优化的应对。

Para9有时, 无论其他博弈者如何行动，博弈的一方的最佳策略组合始终如一，这被称作这一博弈者的优策略。在其他情况下，如果博弈者的策略始终于己不利，则被称作劣策略，其含义是指无论其他博弈者如何行动，对手的策略总是优于自己。因此，谋求策略均衡应该从寻找优策略和消除劣策略开始。

Para15战略性行动。博弈者可以通过运用威吓和许诺来改变其他对手对其行动的预测，从而诱使他们采取对其有利的行为或改变他们对己不利的行为。为了取得成功，威吓和许诺必须是可信的。这往往会导致出现一些问题，原因就在于当需要采取以上策略时，通常实施威吓和许诺而获益往往会付出较大的代价。博弈论研究几种提高可信度的方法，一个基本的原则就是威吓和许诺要在符合博弈者利益的前提下减少自身未来行动的自由度。通过这样的方式，博弈者可以避免自己违背承诺，或者避免产生对对手冒犯的纵容。

Para16例如，当柯台斯到墨西哥后，烧掉了战船，故意没有给自己留下撤军的退路。由于没有返城的船只，柯台斯面对的只有战胜并征服对手或被对手消灭掉两种可能。尽管他的士兵在数量上处于绝对劣势，但这种血战至死的威胁使得对手的士气变的低落，印第安军队面对这样意志坚定的对手时，他们选择了退却。宝丽来公司在拒绝共享即时成像市场时也采取了类似的策略，当时它决定与任何挤占该市场的对手拼个你死我活。当柯达公司试图染指即时成像业时，宝丽来调动了所有的资源进行反击。14 年后, 宝丽来公司在与柯达公司的诉讼中获胜，重新赢得了在即时成像市场的垄断地位。

Para17使威吓变得可信的另一个方法是运用冒险性的边缘化策略，这一策略的风险在于: 如果其他博弈者未能按照威吓的要求去做的话，结果对大家将是一损俱损。托马斯•谢林在他的《冲突策略》一书中介绍说，边缘化策略就是故意使局势变的无法控制的策略，正是由于局势的无法收拾可能令其他对手难以接受，从而迫使对手作出妥协。

Unit3

A.Translate the following expressions intoChinese:

1.spinal cord injury脊髓损伤

2.an exclusive license专用许可证

3.natural healing自然愈合4.central nervous system中枢神经系统

5.feeder cells供养细胞，滋养细胞

6.foreign 异质的7.cultured cells（人工）培养的细胞

8.a nude mouse裸鼠

9.sensitivity刺激感

B.Translate the following expressions intoEnglish:

1.胚胎干细胞embryonic stem cells

2.细胞疗法cell therapy

3.细胞群cell population

4.临床试验clinical trial

5.分化(n.)differentiation

6.良性肿瘤a benign tumor

7.糖分子sugar molecule

8.免疫系统immune system

9.突变(n.)mutation

III.Sentence Translation

A.Translate the following English sentencesinto Chinese:(Pay attention to the underlined part)

1.胚胎干细胞的极强的适应性以及生长能力使它们能够产生大量的治疗细胞去治疗像糖尿病及脊髓损伤一类的疾病。

2.该细胞可形成少突神经胶质细胞，其功能之一是产生保护性髓磷脂鞘使神经元能够沿着神经轴突传递信号。

3.也许对人体胚胎干细胞疗法的最大担心在于它可能诱发肿瘤形成。已明确的是在免疫受损小鼠皮下注射未分化的胚胎细胞时可形成非组织性肿瘤，即畸胎瘤。

4.比如，培养的细胞通常在胎牛血清中存活，大多数人体胚胎干细胞生长在滋养层细胞的鼠细胞层上，以提供关键蛋白质防止胚胎细胞分化。

5.最后，一些研究者担心在培养中胚胎细胞可能会获得有害的新突变。这种突变事先是难以检测到的。

Unit5

A.Translate the following expressions into Chinese：

1.the existing technology 现有的技术

2.voice commands 语音命令

3.cellular network 蜂窝网络

4.slot for added memory 附加存储卡用槽

5.have computerlike features 具有电脑功能

6.a built-in digital camera 内置式数码相机

7.set up temporary offices 建立临时办公室

8.word processing power 文字处理能力

9.qwerty keyboard 标准键盘

10.location-based services 定位服务

B.Translate the following expressions into English：

1.闪存容量 flashy memory

2.手机观察家们 mobile-phone watchers

3.投影键盘 projection keyboard

4.个人电脑的捍卫者 defenders of the PC

5.语音识别系统 speech-recognition system

6.“双铰”式设计“dual hinge” design

7.按钮式拨号式键盘 the touch-tone pad

8.手机迷 a phone guy

9.豪华大屏显 the luxuriously large screen

10.智能手机 the sophisticated / smart phones

Translate the following English sentences into Chinese.1.电话变得越来越智能、小型、快速，并且能够让用户高速地连接到因特网，一个显而易 见的问题就出现了：移动手持设备将成为下一代的计算机吗？

2.还有一些正在开发中的智能电话,他们将带有摄像机、GPS 天线以及本地 Wi-Fi(一种常 在办公室、机场和本地咖啡馆能找到的超高速无限网络)热点链接的入口。

3.有了这项功能，手机很快就能提供诸如精确的行车向导、走过店铺时店铺的打折信息以 及开展约会等服务。

4.手机不太可能沿着最快的道路飞驶向自己光明的未来。这个行业里的创新充满了曲折和 失误，这常常是由于没有任何一家单独的公司能完全控制这一产品。

5.然而，手机创新者也正着手解决这个棘手的问题。科学家已经在语音识别系统方面进行 了数十年的研究，而且此项研究仍在继续。最近已将这项技术引入了 PDAs 中。

Para3在某个欧洲机场，彼得·希尔唐恩正在等下一个航班。他是芬兰一家公司的电脑销售 经理，1994 年曾经获得芬兰业余汽车拉力赛冠军。不过年届 32 的他对于这项爱好有些力 不从心了，而且他每星期都的出差。为了打发时间，他时常把《Riento!》体育杂志下载到 自己的手机上阅读。花 2 欧元，出版商 Sendandsee 就可以为他提供 8 页的体育赛事和运动员的图文信息。

Para4科技革命常以两种特色出现：或是惊人的迅速，或是难以觉察的迟缓。迅速的一类，如各种数字式音乐播放器突然遍地开花，或是音乐共享网站大量出现，似乎都是转瞬间即改 变了文化的面貌。而那些较缓慢发生的变化则往往持续数十年，以渐进、微妙的方式改变我 们的生活和工作方式。世界各地手机的涌现是缓慢的，但却势如破竹，不可阻挡。1977 年 AT&T 在芝加哥为 2，000 用户首推出了蜂窝网系统，那时手机的外形及重量几乎相当于一 块砖头。

Para5那些老式电话现已经陈列在博物馆内，而外形更纤巧、色彩靓丽的新型手机每年销售 量已达到了 5 亿部。手机的销售量使得电视机、立体音响甚至是个人电脑的销售量黯然失色。目前，世界上有 15 亿部手机，是个人电脑数量的 3 倍之多。现在手机已然成为我们生活的一部分，令人难以想象是当年没这玩意儿的时候人们是怎么过日子的。

Unit6

A.Translate the following expressions into Chinese：

1.计算机架构

2.门转换能力

3.微型处理器

4.散热

5.绝热系统

6.热噪声

7.包检测

8.通用软件

B.Translate the following expressions into English：

1.irreversible circuit

2.networking equitment

3.reversible memory chip

4.virus checking

5.potable device

6.backplane design

7.switching device

8.routing device

Translate the following English sentences into Chinese.1.业界可能对回收能量方面没有太大信息，但是谈到计算能力，一位研究人员从事的“实 现环保”的研究可能是开发未来计算平台研究的关键。

2.可逆计算机即绝热系统，它能够将能量回收，因此只产生很少的热量，使计算机能力在 现有计算技术无能为力的情况下继续提升。

3.为了避免这些问题，研究人员一直在研究可替代的计算方法。其中，量子计算已经引起 了广泛的关注。

4.发生这一转变所需的能力在静电这种情况下表现为瞬间放电，在电路这种情况下表现为 释放热量。

5.这种通用芯片能力效率预计比类似的不可逆电路要高几千倍。然而这些芯片的设计目前 还停留在概念阶段，尚未被优化。因而在实际应用中不会更高效。

Unit7

A.Translate the following expressions into Chinese：

1.Wi-Fi(Wireless Fidelity)无限保真

2.PSAP(Public Safety Answering Point)紧急通信受理中心

3.ANI(Automatic Number Identification)自动数字识别技术

4.ALI(Automatic Location Identification)自动定位识别技术

5.cellular network 蜂窝网络

6.VLAN（Virtual Local Area Network）虚拟局域网

7.DSL(Digital Subscriber Line)数字用户线路

8.URIs(Uniform Resource Identifiers)统一资源指示器

9.PSTN(Public Switched Telephone Network)公共电话交换网络

10.margin of error 误差幅度

B.Translate the following expressions into English：

1.1.码分多址 CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access)

2.全球定位系统 GPS(Global Position System)

3.辅助型全球定位系统 Assisted-GPS

4.基站 base station

5.接入点 AP(access point)

6.许可波段 licensed bands

7.多径传播 multipath propagation

8.虚拟专网 VPN(Virtue Private Network)

9.射频指纹识别技术 RF fingerprinting

10.漫游功能 roaming capability

Translate the following English sentences into Chinese.1.对于公共网而言，了解个人和设备的物理位置会带来一系列新的应用。这些应用将从根 本上改进商业流程和信息技术。

2.比较而言，E911 系统却可以通过接收了自动数字识别信息的代理来决定主叫方的位置。代理利用了包含由电话公司的交换设备确定的主叫号码的自动数字识别信息，通过一个 叫做自动定位识别的过程在数据库中寻找主叫方的位置信息。

3.他指出接入基础设施提供商，即拥有数字用户线路、电缆和无限保真网服务的实体总能 确定设备在网络上的位置。

4.通过比较多个接入点接收到的信号强度，三角测量技术能更精确的对用户定位。

5.随着 E911 基础设施建设命令的出台,为了加强无限保真网的网络安全性和提高它的利用 率, 网络工程师们正处于一个特殊的位置。纽伯瑞网络公司的技术总监马修·格雷认为, 采用现在的定位技术就能从很多方面加强无限保真网的网络安全性。

Para5无线技术和 IP 电话对 E911 提出了独特的挑战。因为手机用户可以漫游，所以要准确确定其位置需要新的方法和技术。更大的问题是：从无线话机发出的紧急呼叫有可能不会被转接到最近的 911 中心。即便能够做到这一点，工作人员也不会得到主叫号码或主叫的位置。工作人员必须花费宝贵的时间尽量让主叫人给出地址，而前提条件是主叫人必须知道自己所在位置，还要能够说得出话来。估计在 4500 万 911 的呼叫中，有 30%是用无线话机拨打的，所以建造可靠的无线 E911 基础设施至关重要。

Para6在蜂窝网络中布设 911 是通过三个阶段进行的。第一阶段，也是目前所处的阶段，也被称作无线阶段 0：确保 911 呼叫能够转接到一个紧急通信受理中心，不必要是最近的紧急通信受理中心。无线阶段 1：紧急通信受理中心会获得主叫的回拨号码，这在通话意外中断时很有意义。无线阶段 2：向 911 工作人员提供主叫电话号码和主叫的位置信息。Para7今天，在美国 79%的州已经在其 80%的县布设了有线 E911。比较而言，50%已完成无线阶段 1，而只有 18%的州在 80%的县布设了无线阶段 2。

Para10VoIP E911 服务的计划已经确定，也是通过三个阶段来实施。阶段一，或通常称为 I1 解决阶段，详细说明住宅或零售 VoIP 911 呼叫会通过公共电话交换网络、电缆或竞争性的 本地交换运营商转接到当地的紧急通信受理中心。阶段二，或称 I2，会通过公共电话交换 网络为 IP 电话提供完整的 E911 服务。布设的第三阶段，或称 I3，会把 E911 承载到 IP，也包括没有电话号码的设备。

Para11正在讨论许多种让服务提供商为 E911 服务查明 IP 电话的位置信息的方法，但美国通信委员会就此还没有提出明确的方向。布赖恩•罗森先生，负责马可尼公司宽带路由和交换部门的前副总裁，也是一家刚刚创建的生产下一代紧急通信受理中心基础设施的埃莫治可姆公司的创始人，他认为解决方案必须包括技术和法规两个方面。他指出接入基础设施提供商，即拥有数字用户线路、电缆和无限保真网服务的实体总能确定设备在网络上的位置。问题是要把位置信息传递给应用服务提供商、IP 电话运营商或企业。罗森认为应向接入基础设施提供商征税支付 E911 服务费用，就像在有线网络中一样。通过把费用转移给应用服务提供商的方法可以补足应用服务提供商的成本开销，也实现了对终端用户的收费。

Para15三角测量比简单的使用电话接入点定位更进了一步。通过对比多个接入点的信号强度，三角测量能更精确定位用户。问题是三角测量在电话与多个基站相连的蜂窝网络中颇为有 效，但无限保真网的协议却是为接入单个接入点而设计的。蜂窝网络在已获授权波段工作，而无限保真网络使用的是未授权的波段，因此其他设备的干扰会使三角测量难以进行。

第三篇：科技档案管理试卷

科技档案管理试卷

时间:2007-08-06 08:11来源:档案界|http:// 作者:777777 点击:828次

第一部分 选择题

一、单项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)在每小题列出的四个选项中只有一个选项是符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。

1.建立和健全更改、补充制度，是由科技档案的____________特点所决定的。（）A、成套性B、多样性C、现实性D、专业性

2.在气象档案构成中，数量最多、价值最大、使用最频繁的是（）A、气象记录档案B、气象业务技术档案C、气象服务档案D、气象业务技术管理档案

3.在各种类型的科技文献中，唯一直接记录和储备原生信息的是（）A、科技资料B、科技情报

C、科技图书D、科技档案

4.科技档案规划的主体部分是（）A、规划目标B、规划项目C、实现规划的步骤D、规划时间

5.机械产品文件主要适用于按____________组织案卷（）A、结构B、子项C、地区D、时间

6.确定归档范围的标准是科技文件的（）A、种类B、保存价值C、形成者D、形式

7.科技档案工作的基础是（）A、利用工作B、整理工作C、收集工作D、保管工作

8.科技档案都能在分类方案中拥有自己的位置，取决于分类的方案的____________性。（）A、准确性B、严整性C、可包容性D、稳定性

9.复制供应属于科技档案____________工作。A、收集B、整理C、鉴定D、提供利用

10.我国第一个专门以企业档案工作整体作为规范内容的法规性文件是（）A、《关于改进档案、资料工作的方案》B、《技术档案室工作暂行通则》C、《科学技术档案工作条例》D、《国营企业档案管理暂行规定》

二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)在每小题列出的五个选项中有二至五个选项是符合题目要求的，(责任编辑：admin)

请将选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。多选、少选、错选均无分。

11.我国对科技档案概念的认识，主要经过了____________等阶段。（）A、技术资料B、科技期刊C、科技图书D、科技情报E、科技档案

12.属于自然现象观测档案的有（）A、科研档案B、医药卫生档案C、气象档案D、天文档案E、水文档案

13.基建档案是一个总类，它包括基本建设工程的（）A、科研档案B、规划档案C、设计档案D、施工档案E、竣工档案

14.属于科技专业档案馆的是（）A、综合档案馆B、流域档案馆C、城建档案馆D、企业档案馆E、高校档案馆

15.科技档案行政管理的方式有（）A、政策指导B、经济调节C、检查协助D、典型示范E、舆论引导

16.科技文件鉴别工作的主要内容包括（）A、归档文件完整性的鉴别B、归档文件准确性的鉴别

C、文件属性的鉴别D、科技文件保存价值的鉴别E、归档文件密级的鉴别

17.适合按归档的科技文件有（）A、产品设计文件B、设备文件C、气象观测文件D、水文观测文件E、科技管理性文件

18.对象分类法的典型形式有（）A、型号分类法B、工程项目分类法C、专业分类法D、课题分类法E、地域分类法

19.科技档案销毁的处理包括____________等内容。（）A、调整案卷B、调整排架C、注销D、变更E、组织鉴定工作卷

20.科技档案检索工具具有____________功能。（）A、存贮B、查找C、传递D、交流E、管理第二部分 非选择题

三、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

21.环境保护档案，是环境管理和____________活动的直接记录。

22.管好用好科技档案，是发展____________、提高经济效益的重要条件。

23.科技档案的系统性，要求保持科技档案之间的____________。

24.科技专业档案馆具有____________单位的属性。

25.档案法规体系是以____________为核心，由若干档案行政法规和档案行政规章组成的互相联系与协调的统一体。

26.科技文件归档制度，必须符合本单位科技、生产活动和____________的实际。

27.收集机械产品档案应该抓住____________阶段和产品定型阶段。

28.科技档案鉴定小组一般采取包括有关领导、____________和档案工作者三结合的组织形式。

29.科技档案检索包括科技档案的存贮和科技档案____________。

30.1980年全国科技档案工作会议讨论制定了____________。

四、名词解释（本大题共4小题，每小题3分，共12分）31.科技档案32.科技档案号33.科技档案微观统计工作34.科技档案专题目录

五、简答题（本大题共4小题，每小题6分，共24分）

35.简述科技档案咨询服务的功能特征。

36.简述案卷编目的含义及内容。

37.实施科技档案集中统一管理的优越性有哪些？

38.基层科技档案机构的具体任务有哪些？

六、论述题（本大题共2小题，每小题12分，共24分）

39.试述科技档案的专业性特点及其对科技档案管理的规定作用。

40.试述科技档案的分类规则。

第四篇：英语试卷

英语期末考试试卷

Ⅰ.单选（20%）

1._____ her husband is at work and her children are at school, she does the housework.A.When

B.While

C.As soon as

D.Whether 2.He has too much _____ at the officce.A.to do

B.done

C.doing

D.do 3._____ , what’s your name? A.By the way

B.By a way

C.On the way

D.On your way 4._____ Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall.A.In

B.At

C.On

D.During 5.He is _____ short _____ tall, but he’s very fat.A.either…or

B.both…and

C.whether…or

D.neither…nor 6.My hobby is _____ stamps.A.collect

B.collecting

C.to collect

D.collecting 7.He _____ three days’ sick leave.A.asked

B.asked to

C.asked for

D.asked of 8._____ a book there is often an index.A.In the end

B.In the end of

C.At the end

D.At the end of 9.I don’t like him _____.A.as well

B.either

C.too

D.yet 10.Let’s go _____.A.somewhere quietly

B.quietly somewhere C.somewhere quiet

D.quiet somewhere Ⅱ.完形填空（10%）

The first thing for sport that man ____ was the ball.In ancient Egypt, as in everywhere else, ____ stones was the ____ that children loved best.But sometimes it could ____ a child.Looking for something ____ dangerous to throw, the Eghptians made ____ were probably the first balls.____, balls were made of grass or leave held together by vines.____ they made balls ____ piece of animal skin sewed together and filled ____ feathers.1.A.invented

B.discovered

C.developed 2.A.throwing

B.kicking

C.passing 3.A.meet

B.fun

C.game 4.A.hurt

B.hit

C.touch 5.A.a little

B.less

C.few 6.A.that

B.what

C.which 7.A.At last

B.At first

C.At beginning 8.A.After

B.Just then

C.Later 9.A.with

B.of

C.by 10.A.with

B.in

C.up

Ⅲ.阅读理解（30%）

A New England is an area of mountains, valleys, and rivers.It is said that in New England one is always climbing hills.A large part of New England is also made up of farms and farming lands.However, New England is not really a farming area.The farms are so small that they are usually only large enough to support one family.To make matters worse, the soil of New England is not good.This soil has been worked and planted for so many years that it has lost its value.Most New Englanders today work in factories or small businesses.In these factories they make watches and clocks, shoes, clothing, special tools for industry, leather goods, etc.New England workmen are famous for their skill in making many of these things.This skill is often passed down in families from father to son.1.The main feather of New England is that _______.A.it is completely flat B.it has many hills C.it has few rivers 2.The really why New England is not good for farming is that _______.A.the soil has been overworked B.the weather is too dry C.the soil is sandy 3.Most people in New England make a living by ________.A.working on farms B.raising cattle C.working in factories 4.New Englanders learn many of their skills ________.A.from their parents B.at school C.in factories 5.The passage is mainly about ________ in New England.A.the mountains, valleys, and rivers B.factories and businesses C.the land and people

B An old admiral was famous in the navy for his bad temper, so everyone tried hard not to annoy him.One week his ships were going to take part in a big international exercise, so he came on board in the evening, had his dinner and then went to bed.In the morning he had his breakfast early, came up to the bridge and examined the ships in this group carefully.Then he said angrily, “These should be two cruisers in this group, but I only see one.Where’s the other? ” No one dared to answer, and this made the admiral even angrier.His face became redder and redder.“Well?” he shouted.“What are fools hiding from me? Where’s the second cruiser? What’s happened to it? Answer me!”

At last a young sailor found enough courage speak.“ Please, sir, ” he said, “ you’re on it.”

1.No sail in the navy dared to annoy the old admiral because he was _______.A.irritable

B.very famous

C.a high-ranking officer 2.The admiral came on board his ship because _______.A.there would be a sea battle B.there would be an international exercise C.he loved sleeping on board 3.Why did the sailors remain silent when the admiral asked them questions? A.Because the second cruiser had been sunken.B.Because they loved seeing the old admiral lose his temper C.Because no-one dared to point out his stupid mistake.4.What mistake had the admiral made? A.The old admiral was on the second cruiser.B.The old admiral had not examined his ships carefully enough.C.The old admiral had given a wrong order.5.This passage is mainly about ______.A.the British navy B.a bad-tempered navy officer C.a missing cruiser

C Mr.Green did not learn to drive a car until he was almost thirty because he was a very nervous person and always had the convenience of someone else to driver him---first his mother and then his wife.But at last he decided to take driving lessons, and managed to pass his driving test on the second attempt, although he still was not very good at parking.A week later, he drove into town by himself.When he was trying to park between two other cars, he damaged one of them slightly.When he wrote to the insurance company about the accident, they sent him a form to fill in and to describe it, and one of the question on the form was, “How could the driver of the older car have prevent the accident from happening? ”

Mr.Green though for a minute and then wrote, “He could have parked his car on another street.”

1.Mr.Green began to learn driving ______.A.before twenty-five

B.at about thirty

C.after thirty 2.Which of the following is NOT the reason why Mr.Green did not learn to drive early? A.He was a nervous person.B.There had always been someone else driving him.C.He was a very stupid man.3.Mr.Green’s trouble was that ______.A.his mother and his wife did not let him drive alone B.he could not park his car very well C.he did not have the money to buy a car 4.Mr.Green wrote to the insurance company about the accident because _____.A.he wanted the company to pay for the damage B.he did not want his wife to learn about it C.he wanted to prevent such accidents from happening again 5.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A.He learned to drive when he was almost thirty.B.He did not pass his driving test for the first time.C.He had a bad accident when he was driving into town.Ⅳ.动词填空（20%）

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.He hoped ____(pass)the examination.Has he finished ____(write)the letter? Excuse me for ____(break)in.As soon as the band ____(start)playing, the crowd went silent.It ____(take)us over an hour to go ten miles.Where did you ____(buy)that dress? I was making a cake when the light ____(go)out.He suddenly ____(realize)that he ____(travel)in the wrong direction.As I ____(cross)the road I stepped on a banana skin and fell heavily.Ⅴ.翻译（20%）

1.对中餐情有独钟 2.身上没带钱 3.在河边吃午餐 4.在镇上四处转悠 5.来到河的另一边

6.have so much practice at fishing 7.fill the artist with pity 8.stand by the road asking for help 9.pick some peaches from those trees 10.see two cats running out

答题纸

班级_______________

姓名________________

得分________________ Ⅰ.单选（20%）

1._____

2._____

3._____

4._____

5._____ 6._____

7._____

8._____

9._____

10._____ Ⅱ.完形填空（10%）

1._____

2._____

3._____

4._____

5._____ 6._____

7._____

8._____

9._____

10._____ Ⅲ.阅读理解（30%）

A: 1.____

2.____

3.____

4.____

5.____ B: 1.____

2.____

3.____

4.____

5.____ C: 1.____

2.____

3.____

4.____

5.____ Ⅳ.动词填空（20%）

1._____________________ 2._____________________ 3._____________________ 4._____________________ 5._____________________ 6._____________________ 7._____________________ 8._____________________;____________________ 9._____________________

Ⅴ.翻译（20%）

1.__________________________________________________________________ 2.__________________________________________________________________ 3.__________________________________________________________________ 4.__________________________________________________________________ 5.__________________________________________________________________ 6.__________________________________________________________________ 7.__________________________________________________________________ 8.__________________________________________________________________ 9.__________________________________________________________________ 10.__________________________________________________________________

第五篇：英语试卷

一 单项选择

1.There ___ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A.will be going to B.will going to be C.is going to be D.will go to be

2.Charlie ___ here next month.A.isn’t working B.doesn’t working C.isn’t going to working D.won’t work

3.He ___ very busy this week, he ___ free next week.A.will be;is B.is;is C.will be;will be D.is;will be

4.The train ___ at 11.A.going to arrive B.will be arrive C.is going to D.is arriving

5.---___ you ___ free tomorrow?

---No.I ___ free the day after tomorrow.A.Are;going to;will B.Are;going to be;will

C.Are;going to;will be D.Are;going to be;will be

6.---Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon?

---___.A.Yes, please B.Yes, you will.C.No, please.D.No, you won’t.7.---Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?

---___.A.No, you won’t.B.No, you aren’t.C.No, please don’t.D.No, please.8.---Where is the morning paper?

---I ___ it for you at once.A.get B.am getting C.to get D.will get

9.It ___ the year of the horse next year.A.is going to be B.is going to C.will be D.will is

10.If they come, we ___ a meeting.A.have B.will have C.had D.would have

11.He ___ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A.gives B.gave C.will giving D.is going to giving

12.He ___ to us as soon as he there.A.writes, get B.has written, gets C.will write, gets D.wrote, get

13.He ___ in three days.A.coming back B.came back C.will come back D.is going to coming back

14.If it ___ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating.A.isn’t rain B.won’t rain C.doesn’t rain D.doesn’t fine

15.It ___ us a long time to learn English well.A.takes B.will take C.spends D.will spend

16.Who ___ we ___ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?

A.will;go B.do;go C.will;going D.shall;go

17.---Let’s go out to play football, shall we?

---OK.I ___.A.will coming B.be going to come C.come D.am coming

18.Tomorrow he ___ a kite in the open air first, and then ___ boating in the park.A.will fly;will go B.will fly;goes C.is going to fly;will goes D.flies;will go

19.The day after tomorrow they ___ a volleyball match.A.will watching B.watches C.is watching D.is going to watch

20.___ open the window?

A.Will you please B.Please will you C.You please D.Do you

二 适当型式填空

1.all the best 2.lie in 3.bump into 4.cut out 5.as well as

6.rather than 7.disabled 8.politics 9.handkerchief 10.basement

11.microscope 12.up until13 ask for 14advise ,1.A _____ is a room or area in a building that is under the level of the ground.2.His parents would just like to wish him _____ in his new job.3.The solution _____ social and political reform.4.The mother wiped her son's nose with a _____.5.The thinking man has taken part in city _____ since college.6.Tim was a clumsy boy,always _____ things around him.7.Teachers who work with learning _____ children need to overcome many

difficulties.8.She works hard _____ looking after her ill parents.9.Some perple have the good habit of _____ good articles from newspapers.10.Mary decided to quit _____ accept the rules which she was against.11._____ last year,they had lived a happy life.12.The cells of this special plant can be seen clearly under a _____.13、If you drive too puickly , you are _____ trouble.14、The doctor _____ me against smoking any more.14.I want______(buy)a book.15.Sunday is _______(1)day of a week.16.He'd like _______(go)with tom.17.They all enjoy _______(speak)English.18.This story is as _________(interest)as that one.19.Do you finish ________(read)this story book? 20.He is much __________(athletic).21.This coat is pretty _________(beautiful).22.Thanks for _______(ask)me.23.My father bought ____(I)a new watch.24.Can you help tom? He needs some _____(help).25.Let the cat ______(go)out now.26.We decide _____(go)shopping tomorrow.27.Hi.look!I can _________(fly)the kite now.28.They _____(be)also students five years ago.29.They ___________(exercise)at the moment.30.Sandy is an ______(usual)girl.31.I have to _______(visit)my best friend Lin.tomorrow.32.How ______Tom often _________(get to)there? 33.When spring comes.it gets ________ and _______(long).34.When ______ he ______(have)lunch yesterday?

35.I always like ______(make)_______(friend)with others.36.They are ________(friend)to us.37.The cat has four ______(foot).38.The students enjoy __________(read)English stories.39.thanks for ______(ask)me.40.The baby has two _______(tooth)now.三句型转换 1he always spends fifteen minutes reading English before breakfast（同义句）___ always ___ ___ fifteen minutes ___ ___ English before breakfast.2He felt(tired)after he walked a long way 对划线提问

___ ___ he ___ after he walked a long way?he always spends fifteen minutes reading English before breakfast（同义句）__ _ always ______ fifteen minutes ______ English before breakfast.4He felt(tired)after he walked a long way 对划线提问

______ he ___ after he walked a long way?

5.They were drinking happily.Just at that time, a policeman came in.They were drinking happily______ ______ ______ ______ ______.6.I don't think you have to use them today.I don't think you ______ ______ ______ them today.7.We are tired of his long speech.We ______ ______ ______ ______ his long speech.8.When she was in the park, she could hear the birds.The birds were singingbeautifully.When she was in the park, she could hear ______ ______ ______ ______.9.You may have the traffic accident if you don't drive carefully.Don't drive ______, ______it may _______ the traffic accident.10.Read English as often as possible.Read English as often as ______ ______.10.Mother doesn't let me go out alone at night.Mother ______ me ______ ______ out alone at night.11.Shanghai's temperature will be 2 to 8 and there will be cloud.Shanghai will be ______ and ______ temperature will ______ 2 to 8.Shanghai will ______ a ______ day ______ temperature ______ 2 to 8.12.I'm sorry to trouble you.I'm sorry ______ ______ you.13.The man went playing tennis in the morning and he did it every day.The man went playing tennis in the morning and it ______ every day.14.I woke up very late this morning, so I was late for school.I ______ ______ up ______ ______ ______ get to school on time.15.If you don’t study harder, you won’t catch up with the others.If you don’t study harder, ______ ______ ______ the others.16.Lin Tao runs faster than the other two boys.Lin Tao runs ______ of the ______ boys.17.He was surprised to find the girl was blind._____ ______ ______, he _____ the girl was blind.18.This kind of medicine is much too expensive for poor people.The poor people ______ ______ ______ ______ this kind of medicine.19.He is sure to be on time.I’m sure ______ ______ ______ on time.20.I bought this dictionary for 58 yuan.I ______ 58 yuan ______ this dictionary.21.Mark Twain wrote the book.Mark Twain ______ ______ ______ of the book.22.She isn’t free now.She’s at work.She is ______ ______.23.What’s the matter with him?

What’s ______ ______?

24.Everyone is healthy.______ one is ______.25.Maths is more difficult than physics.Physics is ______ difficult than maths.Physics isn’t ______ ______ ______ maths.26.Do you have a favourite band?

______ ______ a band ______ ______ ______ ?

27.His first visit to China was in 2000.He ______ China ______ ______ ______ ______ in 20000.28.I can help my father with the farm work, or my brother can help him with it.______ my brother ______ I ______ ______ my father with the farm work.29.What other things would you like?

______ ______ would you like?

30.We are all before you.You ______ ______ ______ all.四任务型阅读 Every four years,the best players from all over the world get together in one city to __1__the world sports meeting the Olympic Games.People carry the holy flame forom one place to the nest.On August 6th,2008,they carried the holy flame to Beijing.Aii the Chinese people were very happy, excited and proud.In Beijing,we built a new Olympic Village with restaurants for players and stadiums for matches.The motto of the Olympics is “Faster,higher,stronger”.The slogan of the Beijing Olympics is“__2__”.任务一：根据短文，选着正确的答案

1：根据短文，在1处填入合适的词或词组：______

A:hostB:take part inC:joinD:take

2：_____is taken from one city to the next when the Olympics begin.A:The best playersB:The holy flameC:The gold medslsD:The motto of Olympics

任务二：根据短文回答问题

3：How did Chinese people feel about the 29th Olympics?

_____________________________________________________

4:What did Beijing build to welcome the Olympics?

_____________________________________________________

任务三：将2处补充完整

5：___________________________________________________

五作文

请根据中文提示完成作文

你的朋友吉姆生病住院了 他情绪不好 你们想方设法帮助他尽快恢复健康。

吉姆你们

生病住院两天了去看望他

担心月底考试轮流帮他补课

糟糕的天气影响了他的心情带CD给他听

很快恢复了健康大家很高兴

参考词汇；be nervous about,miss,make...do...,affect,taketurns