第一篇：经典句型总汇
英文经典句型
（一）1.It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型
She had said what it was necessary to say.2.强调句型
It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us.3.“All+抽象名词”或“抽象名词+itself”(very+形容词)
He was all gentleness to her.4.利用词汇重复表示强调
A crime is a crime a crime.5.“something(much)of”和“nothing(little)of” “something of”相当于“to some extent”，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则“anything of ”，可译为“有点”，“略微等。”“译为毫无”，“全无”。“much of”译为“大有”，“not much of”可译为“算不上”，“称不上”，“little of”可译为“几乎无”。something like译为“有点像，略似。”
They say that he had no university education, but he seems to be something of a scholar.6.同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，“of”以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰“of”后面的那个名词。“her old sharper of a father”，可译为：“她那骗子般的父亲”。
Those pigs of girls eat so much.7.as…as…can(may)be
It is as plain as plain can be.8.“It is in(with)…as in(with)”
It is in life as in a journey.9.“as good as…”相等于，就像，几乎如；实际上，其实，实在。
The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him.10.“many as well…as”和“might as well …as” “many as well…as”可译为“与其……，不如……，更好”，“以这样做……为宜”，“如同……，也可以……”等等。“might as well …as”表示不可能的事，可译为“犹如……”，“可与……一样荒唐”，“与其那样不如这样的好”等等。
One may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly.11.“to make…of”的译法(使……成为……，把……当作)
I will make a scientist of my son.12.oo…+不定式“，not(never)too…+不定式”，“too…not+不定式
She is too angry to speak.13.only(not, all, but, never)too …to do so ”和“too ready(apt)+ to do”结构中，不定式也没有否定意义，凡是“not”，“all”“but等字后+”too…to，“不定式都失去了否定意义，在”too ready(apt)+to do“结构中，不定式也没有否定意义。
You know but too yell to hold your tongue.14.”no more …than…“句型
A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man.15.”not so much…as“和”not so much as …“结构，”not so much…as“=”not so much as …“，其中as有进可换用but rather，可译为 ：”与其说是……毋须说是……“。而”not so much as“=”without(not)even，“可译为”甚至……还没有“。
The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.16.”Nothing is more…than“和”Nothing is so …as“结构，”Nothing is more…than“和”Nothing is so …as“都具有最高级比较的意思，”Nothing I“可换用”no“，”nobody“，”nowhere“，”little“，”few“，”hardly“，”scarcely“等等，可译为”没有……比……更为“，”像……再没有了“，”最……“等。
Nothing is more precious than time.17.”cannot…too…“结构,”cannot…too…“意为”It is impossible to overdo…“或者，即”无论怎样……也不算过分“。”not“可换用”hardly“，”scarcely“等，”too“可换用”enough“，”sufficient“等
You cannot be too careful.18.”否定+but “结构，在否定词后面的”but“，具有”which not“，”who not“，”that not“，等等否定意义，构成前后的双重否定。可译成”没有……不是“或”……都……“等
Nothing is so bad but it might have been worse.19.”否定+until(till)“结构，在否定词”no“，”not“，”never“，”little“，”few“，”seldom“等的后边所接用的”until/till“，多数情况下译为”直到……才……“，”要……才……“，把否定译为肯定。
Nobody knows what he can do till he has tried.20.”not so…but“和”not such a …but“结构，这两个结构和”否定+but“的结构差不多，不同之点是这两个结构中的”but“是含有”that…not“意味的连续词，表示程度。可译为”还没有……到不能做……的程度“，”并不是……不……“，”无论怎样……也不是不能……“等。
He is not so sick but he can come to school.21.”疑问词+should…but “结构，这个结构表示过去的意外的事，意为”none…but“，可译为”除了……还有谁会……“，”岂料“，”想不到……竟是……“等。
Who should write it but himself? 22.”who knows but(that)…“和”who could should…but“结构，这个结构是反问形式，一般意译为”多半“，”亦未可知“等等，有时也可直译。
Who knows but(that)he may go? 23.”祈使句+and“和”祈使句+or“结构，”祈使句+and“表示”If…you…“，”祈使名+or“表示”if…not…，you。
Add love to a house and you have a home.Aad righteousness to a city and you have a community.Aad truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school.24.“名词+and”结构，在这个结构中，名词等于状语从句，或表示条件，或表示时间。
A word, and he would lose his temper.25.“as…,so…”结构，这里的“so”的意思是“in the same way”(也是如此)。此结构表明两个概念在程度上和关系上相似。
As rust eats iron, so care eats the heart.26.“if any”结构，“if any”和“if ever”，意思是“果真有……”，“即使有……”，表示加强语气。与此类似的还有：“if anything”(如有不同的话，如果稍有区别)，“if a day”(=at least，至少)。
There is little, if any, hope.27.“be it ever(never)so”和“let it be ever(never)so”结构，这里，“be it”中的“be”是古英语假设语气的遗留形式，现代英语则使用 “let it be”。“ever so”和“never so”都表示同一意思，都表示“very”。
Be it ever so humble(let it be ever so humble), home is home.28.“the last+不定式”和“the last +定语从词”结构，这种结构中的“last”意思是“the least likely”，用于否定性推论。可译为“最不大可能的”，“最不合适的”，由原意的“最后一个……”变成“最不可能……的一个”。
He is the last man to accept a bride.29.“so…that…”句型，这个句型的意思是“如此……，以致于……”，但在翻译成汉语时，许多情况下，并不是一定要译成“如此……以致于……”，而是变通表达其含义。
He ran so fast that nobody could catch him up.30.“more + than+原级形容词(副词)”结构，这是将不同性质加以比较，其中的“more”有“rather”的意思。
It is more than probable that he will fall.31.“more than +动词”结构，这种结构表示动词的程度，可译为“异常”，“岂止”，“十二分地”等。
This more than satisfied me.32.“good and …”的副词用法，译为“非常”，“很”等。类似还有“nice and …”, “fine and …,” “lovely and …”, “bright and …”, “rare and …”, “big and …”等，均表示程度。
The apples are good and ripe.33.“and that”结构，这个“and that”应译为“而且……”，表示对它前面陈述部分的语气加强，“that”代表前面的整个陈述部分。
Return to your work , and that at once.34.“at once…and”结构，这个结构译为“既……又……”，起相关连接的作用，相当于“both…and…”。
The novel is at once pleasing and instructive.35.“in that…”结构，这个结构的意思是“在那一点上(方面)”，可译为“因为”。类似的结构还有“in this…”。
The budget is unrealistic in that it disregards increased costs.36.“the name notwithstanding”结构，这个结构中“notwithstanding”是介词，这个介词可以置前，可以置后，比如也可写成：“notwithstanding the name”。起让步状语的作用。
Some people think of the storage battery as a sort of condenser where electricity is stored.But this is an entirely wrong conception, the name notwithstanding.37.“Every…not”和“All…not”结构，“Every…not”表示“不见得每个……都是……”；“All…not”表示“不见得所有……都是……”的意思。
Every man is not polite, and all are not born gentlemen.38.“may as well not…as”结构，此结构可译为“与其……不如不……”。
One may as well not know a thing at all as know it but imperfectly.39.“have only to …do”结构，此结构表示“只须(消)……就能……”的意思。
We have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery made by Edison to see the significance of it.40.“not(no)…unless…”句型
No increase in output can be expected unless a new assembly line is installed.41.“better…than…”句型
Better my life should be ended by their hate, than that hated life should be prolonged to live without your love.42.“as it were”是一个非常常用的插入语，意思是“好象”，“可以说”等。
Apiece of iron near a magnet, though apparently separate from it , feels, as it were, the threads of this attachment.43.复杂结构，在下面例句中，由于anyone的定语从句过长，把谓语must realize提到定语从句之前。
Though faith and confidence are surely more or lass foreign to my nature, I do not infrequently find myself looking to them to be able, diligent, candid, and even honest.Plainly enough, that is too large an order, as anyone must realize who reflects upon the manner in which they reach public office.44.“not…any more than…”为：“不能……，正如不能……”。
One cannot learn to sketch and express himself graphically only by reading about it any more than one can learn to swim while standing by the pool.45.“By that as it may”是“Let it be that as it may”的省略形式，是由“be”引起的另外一种假设结构，意思是“虽然如此，尽管这样”。
It is said that the nerve poison is the more primitive of the two, that the blood poison is, so to speak, a new product from an improved formula.Be that as it may, the nerve poison does its business with man far more quickly than the blood poison.46.“if at all”是一个由“if”引起的主谓结构不完整的短句结为“即将……”，“即使……”等。
I can see only with great difficulty, if at all.47.由there引起的句型容易产生复杂的句子结构.There have been opened up to the vast and excellent science, in which my work is the beginning, ways and means by which other minds more accurate than wine will explore its remote corners.48.“range from …to…”结构。这是一个常见结构，译时很多情况下应变通处理，不能完全依靠辞典上的释义。
Computer applications range from an assembly line completely run by computers to a children toy responding to remote signals.49.“the way…”结构
I always thought she was a common-sense person who discussed things the way they ought to be discussed.50.复杂宾补结构
In recent years, the development of sensitive and accurate measuring equipment has made it possible to measure the acuity of hearing of any individual at different frequencies.51.某些分隔结构
1)动词短语相关部分被分隔(当“make use of ”，“take notice of”，“pay attention to”，等动词短语变成被动语态时)。
Use is made of solar energy in heating houses.2)双重定语引起的分隔。
But there is of culture another view, in which not solely the scientific passion, the sheer desire to see things as they are, natural and proper in an intelligent being, appears as the ground of it.52.“to be doing…when…”是一个句型，多译为“某人正在做……时，突然……”。在简单的句子中容易看出，一旦句子变得复杂一些，可能就不太容易识别这种句型。
She said she and a friend had gone out to dinner that night, and were walking home together at about 10 o'clock, when a “very big, very tall man”, accosted them and demanded their purses.53.“too…to”句型
Then I remembered how often I, too, had been indifferent to the grandeur of each day, too preoccupied with petty and sometimes even mean concerns to respond to the splendor of it all.54.“so much that…”句型
But he developed gradually a very musical English.He learnt to write sentences that fall away on the ear with a misty languor and it delighted him so much that he could never have enough of it.55.“when”引导状语从句有时并不好译，不能一看到when从句就考虑译为“当……的时候”，它还有许多种译法。
Anything is better than not to write clearly.There is nothing to be said against lucidity, and against simplicity only the possibility of dryness.This is a risk that is well worth taking when you reflect how much better it is to be bold than to wear a curly wig.56.“not…because…”，有时可否定前面，有时可否定because本身，往往出现歧义。应根据上下文面判定。
In 1600 the earth was not the center of the universe because the majority then supposed it was;nor, because she had more readers, was Ella wheeler Wilcox a better poet than Father Hopkins.57.“so…that, such…that”是一个普通的句型，但在同一个句子里有两处使用它却比较少见。
The truth is, that in one point of view, this matter of national literature has come to such a pass with us, that in some sense we must turn bullies, else the day is lost, or superiority so far beyond us, that we can hardly say it will ever be ours.58.“by doing…”结构。这个结构的意思是“通过(做)……”，但翻译实践中不能拘泥于这种释义，不少情况下需要灵活变通。
The hippos, by depositing dung in the water, fed the fish that support the storks that destroy the rare trees.59.下面例句为一倒装句，主语很长，而且又含有非常复杂的句型。这是以形容词作表语的倒装，翻译实践中多把倒装部分译到最前面。
No less obvious is the fact there are great numbers of people so constituted or so brought up that they cannot get so much pleasure out of processes and experiences resulting in a poorer life less full of meaning.60.“what…of”句型
I can not say of myself what Johnson said of Pope: He never passed a fault unamended by indifference, nor quitted it by despair.I do not write as I do;I write as I can.61.英语的一个习惯用法是：当否定谓语think(believe)时，实际上是否定其后面的宾语从句。否定就落在宾语从句上。这样宾语从句就变成了双重否定，译时可以按双重否定译，也可按肯定来译。
It is a valuable work.I do not think anyone writes so well that he cannot learn much from it.62.“to have not…(as)to see…”中的不定式也有否定意味。
He had not the good breeding to see that simplicity and naturalness are the truest marks of distinction.63.“It occurred to sb.that…”意为“突然想到”，“It dawned on sb.that…”.“突然想起”等。从句是想起的内容。
I remember once being on a bus and looking at a stranger.He suddenly looked back at me-i.e.our eyes met.My instinctive reaction was to avert my gaze.It occurred to me that if I had continued to maintain eye contact, I would have been rude and aggressive.64.“It follows that…”=“It happens as a result…”常常被译为“由此可见”，“因此”，“从前”，“可以推断”等等。
It follows that the housewife will also expect to be able to have more leisure in her life without lowering her standard of living.It also follows that human domestic servants will have completely ceased to exist.65.“that's all there is to it ”，意思是“也不过如此而已”。可根据上下文视情况处理。
If I'm touched, I'm touched-that's all there is to it.66.“The chances are that…”是一句型，译为“有可能……”。
The chances are you will never attempt that speed with poetry or want to race though some passages in fiction over which you wish to linger.67.Feel, see, leave引起宾语的宾语补足语，或在被动语态中引起主语补足语的某些惯用句型，有时see和feel这两个词的被动式不大好译。遇到这种情况应挖掘其深层含义，不要拘泥于表面形式。
The education of the young is seen to be of primary importance.68.某此以no, nowhere, never, not…bout, not…any, nothing but, hardly, scarcely, seldom等否定词语引出的一些结构。
I never go past the theatre but I think of his last performance.69.某些用choice between, to know better, whether or, should have avoided(或done better)等表示从两种做法中选取一种更好的做法
Then we are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfil needs which have hitherto been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of libing.70.某些省略情况，应清单确认省略的内容。
The country had grown rich, its commerce was large, and wealth did its natural work in making life softer and more worldly, commerce in deprovincializing the minds of those engaged in it.71.修饰成分(包括定语、定语从句、同位语从句等)多而长。
Across the court from the Manhattan apartment that I have occupied for the past few years is a dog that often hurls insults into the darkness, a few of which my dog refuses to accept and makes a tart reply.72.一些外位语，所谓外位修饰，指从句子结构和内容上不起主要信息表达功能的部分。其作用是从语气和连接上下文等方面进行补充。在翻译成汉语时，往往可独立成句，外形上不保留修饰的痕迹。
Of course, nobody was hurt this time, because we had all been to dinner, none of us being novices excepting Hastings;and he having been informed by the minister at the time that he invited him that in deference to the English custom the had not provided any dinner.英语中高级口译考试一直是大家比较关注的一次考试，本文是中高级口译考试中最经典的十个句型。1.leave sb the choice of …… or …… 要么…，要么…（选择类经典句）
Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission.敌人冷酷无情/铁石心肠，我们要么顽强抵抗，要么屈膝投降。
The age of 30s leaves you the choice of marriage or remaining a bachelor.年过三十，要么成婚，要么单身。
2.be the instrument of sth 引来某事物的人或事（使动类经典句）
The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have the blessings and praises, if happily we are the instruments of saving them from the tyranny meditated against them.全国同胞都在关注我们，如果我们有幸能够拯救他们脱离强加于身的暴政，那将得到他们的祝福和赞颂。他所建立的组织最终使他垮了台。
The organization he had built up eventually became the instrument of his downfall.能够让你幸福，我愿意付出我的一切。
If I can be the instrument of your happiness, I will sacrifice all my belongings.3.it was the memory / memories of 追溯到…（回忆类经典句）
Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations' development.追溯到1964年东京及1988年汉城举办的奥运会，可能分别被视为日韩两国发展的转折点。
It was the memory of 1945 Hiroshima and Nagasaki suffered from the attacks of atomic bomb, from which originated the term of “Zero Ground”.追溯到1945年广岛和长崎遭受原子弹攻击，从而形成了“零地带”这个术语。
4.on the premise / ground / prerequisite / proposition / hypothesis / presuposition that 基于一个前提…（假设类经典句）
中国政府在宣布实行和平统一的方针时，是基于一个前提，即当时的台湾当局坚持世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国的一部分。
The Chinese declared to implement the policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of China.Advice to investors was based on the premise that interest rates would continue to fall.对投资者的建议是以利率会继续下跌为根据的。
5.be bound to 必定…；一定…（意愿类经典句）
西部大开发一定能成为沟通世界各国和中国的一座桥梁，促进中国和世界经济共同发展，共同繁荣。
The Great Western Development is bound to be a bridge between China and the rest world, promoting the common economic development and prosperity of China and the world at large.Just wars are bound to triumph over wars of aggression.正义战争必然要战胜侵略战争。
6.a matter of sth/doing sth 与…有关的情况或问题（描述类经典句）
Considering the following statements, made by the same man eight years apart.“Eventually, being 'poor' won't be as much a matter of living in a poor country as it will be a matter of having poor skills.”
请思考一下同一个人现在及八年前说的话。“说到底，'贫穷'与其说是生活在贫穷的国家里，还不如说是技艺不精。”
Dealing with these problems is all a matter of experience.处理这些问题全凭经验。
7.This is the similar case with/when 这恰如；正如；也会（比较类经典句）
这恰如我们虽然看不懂莫扎特乐曲的总谱，却照样能同它的主旋律产生共鸣，击节称赞。
This is the similar case when the main melody can evoke a strong echo for us to clap our hands in admiration despite our disability to understand the score of Mozart's musical pieces.除此以外，老百姓的服务性消费，如教育，信息，旅游等消费也会大量增长。
Besides, this is also the case with the citizen's expenditure such as education, information, traveling.8.be exemplified by 这一点也证明了…；这点反映在以下事实：…（举例类经典句）
This American desire to keep the children's world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident.如果父母在事故中丧生，人们总是晚些时候才告诉孩子们，这一点也证实了美国人想把儿童的世界和成人的世界隔离开的愿望。
美国人想把儿童和成人的世界划清界限，这一愿望还反映在以下事实：如果父母在事故中丧生，人们总是设法晚点将消息告诉他们的子女
The manual worker is usually quite at ease in any company.This is partly explained by the fact that people of all income groups go together to the same schools.体力劳动者在任何场合通常都相当自在。收入档次不同的人上同一所学校，这个事实多少说明了这一点。
9.constitute…（不用于进行式）是；认为（判断类经典句）
历史雄辩地说明，中美之间建立在平等互利基础上的劳动分工是最为合理和实用的国际关系。
History has proved eloquently that the division of labor based on equality and mutual benefit between China and USA constitutes the most reasonable and practical international relationship.My decision does not constitute a precedent.我的决定不应视为先例。
The defeat constitutes a major set-back for our diplomacy.这一失败是我们外交上的一次较大的挫折。
10.witness…… 见证…（发生类经典句）
a time or event witnesses sth / sb in a particular situation or doing a particular thing.经过二十多年的快速发展，中国西部地区已奠定了一定的物质技术基础，社会保持稳定，市场经济体制正在逐步建立和完善，为西部经济持续快速增长创造了有利的市场环境。
The rapid development in the past 20-plus years witnesses a relatively solid foundation in terms of material wealth and technology in the western region of China
在下一轮的会谈中，我们将宣布中东地区永久停火协议，对此我抱有乐观态度并充满希望。
I am optimistic and hopeful that the next round of talk will witness a permanent cease-fire in the Middle East.1.不用说？…
It goes without saying that子句 =(It is)needless to say(that)子句 = It is obvious that子句 = Obviously, S.+ V.例︰不用说早睡早起是值得的。
It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.2.…是不可能的;无法… There is no Ving = There is no way of Ving.= There is no possibility of Ving.= It is impossible to V.= It is out of the question to V.= No one can V.= We cannot V.例︰不可否认的？成功的事业关键在于健康的身心。
There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.3.我深信…
I am greatly convinced(that)子句 = I am greatly assured(that)子句 例︰我深信预防是于治疗。
I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.4.在各种…之中？…
Among various kinds of …, … = Of all the …, …
例︰在各种运动中？我尤其喜欢慢跑。
Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.5.…是很容易证明的。
It can be easily proved(that)子句 例︰时间最珍贵是很容易证明的。
It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than time.6.…无论如何强调都不为过 … cannot be overemphasized
例︰交通安全的重要性无论如何强调都不为过。
The importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.7.就我的看法？…；我认为… In my opinion, … = To my mind, ….= As far as I am concerned, … = I am of the opinion that子句
例︰就我的看法？打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。
In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.8.(A)每个人都知道… Everyone knows(that)子句(B)就我所知？…
As far as my knowledge is concerned, … 例︰就我所知？下列方法对我帮助很大。
As far as my knowledge is concerned, the following ways are of great help to me.9.毫无疑问地？…
There is no doubt(that)子句
例︰毫无疑问地？近视在我国的年轻人中是一个严重的问题。
There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.10.根据我个人经验？…
According to my personal experience, … = Based on my personal experience, …
例︰根据我个人经验？微笑已带给我许多好处。
According to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good.11.在我认识的人当中？也许没有一个人比…更值得我尊敬。
Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than …
例︰在我认识的人当中？也许没有一个人比我的英文老师张老师更值得我尊敬。
Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than Miss Chang, my English teacher.12.在我的求学过程中？我忘不了…
In the course of my schooling.I will never forget …
例︰在我的求学过程中？我忘不了学习英文所遭到的大困难。
In the course of my schooling.I will never forget the great difficulty I encountered in learning English.13.(A)随着人口的增加？… With the increase/growth of the population, …(B)随着科技的进步, … With the advance of science and technology, … 例︰随着台湾经济的快速发展？许多社会问题产生了。
With the rapid development of Taiwan's economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass.14.(A)在这信息的年代？…扮演重要的角色。
In the age of information and communication, … plays an important role.(B)在今日工业社会中？…是生命不可或缺的。In today's industrial society, … is indispensable to life.例︰在这信息的年代？计算机扮演非常重要的角色。
In this age of information and communication, the computer plays an extremely important role.15.在讨论…？一个人不得不承认…。
In dealing with …, one cannot but admit(that)子句
例︰在讨论未来的职业？一个人不得不承认尽早决定未来的职业很重要。
In dealing with one's future career, one cannot but admit that it is very important to decide one's future career as early a 16.世上没有什么比…更令我高兴。
Nothing in the world can delight me so much as … 例︰世上没有什么比到快餐店吃汉堡更令我高兴。
Nothing in the world can delight me so much as having hamburgers in fast-food restaurants.17.… 是必要的 It is necessary that S(should)V … 是重要的 It is important/essential that S(should)V … 是适当的 It is proper that S(should)V … 是紧急的 It is urgent that S(should)V 例︰我们当保持公共场所清洁是应当的。
It is proper that we(should)keep the public places clean.18.每当我听到…？我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear …, I cannot but feel excited.每当我做…？ 我就忍不住感到悲伤。Whenever I do …, I cannot but feel sad.每当我想到…？我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenever I think of …, I cannot but feel nervous.每当我遭遇…？我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with …, I cannot but feel frightened.每当我看到… 我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see …, I cannot but feel surprised.例︰每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪？我就忍不住感到悲伤。Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.19.据说… It is said(that)子句 一般认为… It is thought(that)子句 大家都知道… It is known(that)子句 据报导… It is reported(that)子句 一般预料… It is expected(that)子句 一般估计… It is estimated(that)子句 一般相信… It is believed(that)子句
例︰一般相信阅读增加我们的知识、扩大我们的心胸。
It is believed(that)reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.20.…的主要理由是…
The main reason why …..is(that)子句
例︰青少年犯罪的主要理由是社会环境日一败坏。
The main reason why the juveniles commit crimes is that social environment is becoming worse.21.俗语说得好：「…」。Well goes an old saying, “…”
= As an old saying goes(runs, says), “…” = An old saying goes, “…” = It's an old saying(that)子句 例︰俗话说得好：「诚实为上策」。
As an old saying goes, “Honesty is the best policy.” 22.(A)…用下列方法… … in the following ways.(B)…有三个主要理由。… for three major reasons.(C)要…？至少我们可做三件事。To …, there are at least three things we can do.例︰(A)我用下列方法增加信心。
I increase my confidence in the following ways.(B)人们学外语有三个理由。
People learn a foreign language for three major reasons.(C)为了维护健康？我们每天至少可做三件事。
To keep healthy, there are at least three things we can do every day.II.用于文章承转句
23.那就是(说)…；亦即…
That is to say, …= That is, …= Namely, …
例︰我们生活需有规律。也就是说？早睡早起？戒除烟酒。
We need to live a regular life.That is, we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking in the daily activities.24.(A)基于这个理由？… For this reason, …(B)为了这个目的？… For this purpose, …
例︰基于这个理由？我已决定把行医作为未来的职业。
For this reason, I have decided to take practicing medicine as my future career.25.我们有理由相信…
We have reasons to believe(that)子句
例︰我们有理由相信体罚应该严格禁止。
We have reasons to believe that corporal punishment should be strictly prohibited.26.事实上？…
As a matter of fact, … = In fact, …
例︰事实上？健康才是最重要。
As a matter of fact, it is health that counts.27.(A)例如？… For example, …
(B)拿…做例子 Take … for example.例︰例如？我们盲目地提高生活水准？却降低生活品质。
For example, we elevate the living standards blindly, but lower the quality of life.28.此外？我们不应忽视…
Besides(In addition), we should not neglect …
例︰此外？我们不应忽视每个人都想要一个温馨祥和的社会。
In addition, we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society.29.相反地？…
on the contrary, …= by contrast, …
例︰相反地？少数学生似乎还在鬼混。
On the contrary, a few students, it seems, are still fooling around.30.另一方面？… on the other hand, …
例︰政府应严格执法？另一方面？大众也应该培养减少污染的好习惯。
The government should enforce laws strictly.On the other hand, the public also should develop the good habit of reducing pollution.31.然而？很可惜的是… However, it is a pity that子句
例︰然而？很可惜的是他总是临时抱佛脚。
However, it is a pity that he should always cram at the eleventh hour.32.换言之？… in other words, … = to put it differently 例︰换言之？我会尽最大的努力达成我的目标。
In other words, I will try my best to attain(gain, live up to)my goal.33.别人可能认为这是事实？但我不是。我认为…
It may be true as assumed by others, but I don't.I believe that子句 例︰别人可能认为这是事实？但我不是。我认为…
It may be true as assumed by others, but I don't.I believe that if you have strong determination and perseverance, the success will certainly come to you in the end.34.从此之后？我已发现…
Ever since then, I have found that子句 例︰从此之后？我已发现…
Ever since then, I have found smile the best way to avoid any possible conflicts in our daily lives.35.这样说来？假如...？当然毫无疑问地…。
In this light, if…, there can surely be no doubt(that)子句
例︰这样说来？假如我们能善用时间？当然毫无疑问地我们会成功。
In this light, if we can make good use of time, there can surely be no doubt that we will get somewhere.36.更严重的是？…。
What is more serious is(that)子句
例︰更严重的是？我们不珍惜野生动物。
What is more serious is that we do not cherish the wildlife.37.鉴于社会的实际需要？…。
In view of the practical need of society, ….例︰鉴于社会的实际需要？愈来愈多人对学英语有兴趣。
In view of the practical need of society, there are more and more people interested in learning English.III.用于文章结论句
38.如果能实践这三点？…。
If one can really put the three points into action(practice), … 例︰如果能实践这三点？…。
If one can really put the three points into action(practice), he will surely be able to live a healthy and happy life.39.做这些简单之事？我们一定可以…。By doing these simple things, we surely can ….例︰做这些简单之事？我们一定可以快乐出门平安回家。
By doing these simple things, we surely can go out of the door happily and come back home safe every day.40.如此？我相信…。
In this way, I believe(that)子句
例︰如此？我相信大家能够像我一样？享受乘坐公车的乐趣。
In this way, I believe that all the people may be able to enjoy the bus ride like me.41.实践这些？…。
By putting them(the above)into practice, ….例︰实践这些？在智育方面我一直能不断进步。
By putting them(the above)into practice, I have been able to make constant progress in intellectual education.42.(A)唯有符合此三项要求？我们才能…。
Only by living up to the three requirements, can we ….(B)唯有通力合作？我们才能…。Only with combined efforts, can we ….例︰唯有通力合作？我们才能期望台湾不久有新的面貌。
Only with combined efforts, can we expect Taiwan to take a new face in due course.43.最后？但并非最不重要？…。Last but no least, ….例︰最后？但并非最不重要？教育上的缺失是助长青少年犯罪的原因。
Last but no least, the shortcoming in education is the cause contributing to juvenile delinquency.44.这证据显示～的重要性在怎么强调都不为过。
This evidence shows that the importance of ～ cannot be overemphasized.例︰这证据显示交通安全的重要性在怎么强调都不为过。
This evidence shows that the importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.45.由于这些理由？我…。For these reasons, I ….例︰由于这些理由？我认为在台湾接受大学教育是明智的。
For these reasons, I think that receiving college education in Taiwan is wise.46.总而言之？…。In conclusion, … = To sum up, …
例︰总而言之？好国民应该遵守交通规则。
In conclusion, a good citizen should abide by traffic regulations.47.因此？我们能下个结论？那就是…。
We can, therefore, come to the conclusion(that)子句
例︰因此？我们能下个结论？那就是世上自由罪珍贵。
We can, therefore, come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.48.如果我们能做到如上所述？毫无疑问地？…。
If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt(that)子句 例︰如果我们能做到如上所述？毫无疑问地？我们就能精通英语。
If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt that we can master English 49.因此？这就是…的原因。Thus, this is the reason why ….例︰因此？这就是我重感冒的原因。
Thus, this is the reason why I caught a bad cold.50.所以？我们应该了解…。
Therefore, we should realize(that)子句
例︰所以？我们应该了解学英文不能没有字典。
Therefore, we should realize that in learning English we cannot do without a dictionary.51.因此？由上列的讨论我们可以明了…。
We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion(that)子句 例︰因此？由上列的讨论我们可以明了毅力可以克服任何困难。
We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion that perseverance can overcome any difficulty.52.1.从～观点来看？…。From the ～ point of view, ….2.根据～的看法？…。According to ～ point of view, ….例︰从政治的观点来看？这是一个很复杂的问题。
From the political point
！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！创造闪光点，决胜四六级
战鼓已经敲响了，各位奋斗在抗击CET最前线的点点英语的朋友们，你们辛苦啦，希望下面的内容能够帮上大家哦！
作文是各类英语考试中得分率最低的题型之一。同学们在掌握了一定的作文模板，和基本的语法、词汇、句型用法之后，如果能在作文中创造一些词汇和句型的闪光点，必定会使你的作文如虎添翼！高分作文标志
1：是否长短句交叉；
2、是否会使用插入语；
3、用词是否多样，准确，形象，尽量使用能够吸引阅卷老师眼球的闪光词；
4、关键词是否换用，切勿老用重复词；
5、句型使用是否准确、地道。
下面给出写好一篇作文的注意事项：
1.适当用被动替换主动，这样能更客观的反映事实, 句子开头不要总是用we / I(比如写结尾时不用we should pay attention to而用Attention should be paid to.)举个经典结尾2004年六月六级作文的最后一段：It is ,therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that.By doing so，its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively.2.善于使用插入语，比如说把副词、连接词等，作插入语放在中间，一般放在主语、动词或者助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。如however / therefore /for example/I believe 做插入语放在中间，一般放在动词，助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。
比如说： Other individuals, however, take the attitude that …
3.一定要学会换词，换形象，具体的替换太宽泛的。(考试中一般不要出现good, bad , many, thing, think, people, opinion 等等)比如上面例子中，applicable替换proper, approaches替换ways, implement替换carry out, sharpen one’s competitive edge替换enhance one’s competitiveness(提高某物竞争力)
下面举一篇南京工程学院某位同学写的优秀作文(14分)的例子，看看他是如何运用各类写作技巧的。这位同学把老师上课讲的各类写作手法和精彩替换和句型都用上了，作文有了很大的提高。
Computer and I By Simmy
I never forget the exceedingly thrilling day when my mother bought me a computer as birthday present, which exerted a tremendous fascination on me so that i indulged myself in googling an army of useful information i had expected ,and enjoy a sea of melodious classic music.That night I was sleepless, feeling that the whole world belonged to me.exceedingly 替换 very thrilling 替换 exciting
sth.exert a tremendous fascination on sb 替换 sb.be interested in sth.google 替换 search an army of 替换 a lot of
The dawn of the new century witnessed the increasing popularity of computers.Coincident with the advancement of science and technology, computers pouring into the current society as a fashion are appealing to growing individuals.It is no exaggeration to say we have been submerged by them, in large measure!
The dawn of the new century witnessed 是一个精彩句型，用来描述在某个时期发生了什么事情； Increasing popularity 替换 more and more popular
Coincident with … 非常地道的句型，表达“与…一致”的意思，替换 With … Advancement 替换 development
Pour into(flood into / swarm into)替换 enter into Current(currently)替换 now
Appeal to sb.替换 sb.be interested in sth.Growing individuals 替换 more and more people
It is no exaggeration to say 经典句型，说某事是毫不夸张的
For a start, we can, freely, search desired information at any moment.Little by little, our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened.Additionally, we can get huge recreations online by chatting, playing games, or delivering email.For a start 替换 To begin with
We can, freely, search 用了插入语的写作手法
our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened.用了非常精彩的被动
Additionally 替换 In addition / Besides Deliver 替换 send
There is no denying that , however, computers can function in the disservice of human beings, in a way, especially the growing violence ,***, porn pictures, AV-films emerging on the screen , which leads quiet a few net citizens to copying.There is no denying that , however, computers can function in the disservice of human beings, 这个句子有三个精彩之处，首先There is no denying that这个句型，还有however作为插入语，function in the disservice of 替换 do harm to
Emerging 替换 appearing(fading 替换 disappearing)Net citizen 网民，属于精彩用词
As a classic proverb goes that no garden has no weeds.Computers do play a positive role in the development of people' lives, despite a slice of unfavorable impacts.We should ,therefore, take advantage of the fruits and avoid the opposite facet.No garden has no weeds 替换 Every coin has two sides Computers do play，do 强调
Positive 替换 important / good 等
A slice of 替换 a part of Unfavorable 替换 bad
Impacts 替换 effects / influences
We should, therefore, take advantage of … 使用插入语
Fruits(而且fruits 用的非常形象，merits/ virtues)替换 advantage(defects 替换 disadvantage)Facet 替换 aspect
以下是30个最经典的替换词，各位同学可以参考一下。
1.individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons)2: positive, favorable, rosy(美好的)，promising
(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good 3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill(有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换
eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms.When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。
Eg.Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that….同理 用most, if not all ,替换most.5: a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some 6:harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think(因为是书面语，所以要加that)7:affair ,business ,matter 替换thing 8: shared 代 common
9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits)
10:for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion
11:Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more(注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.Eg.sth has gained growing popularity.Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.12.little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly 13..beneficial, rewarding替换helpful，14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer 15.exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very 16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable...替换 unnecessary, avoidable
17.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb.be interested in 18.capture one's attention替换attract one's attention.19.facet,demension,sphere代aspect 20.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear 21.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause.22.There are several reasons behind sth 替换..reasons for sth 23.desire 替换want.24.pour attention into 替换pay attention to 25.bear in mind that 替换remember 26.enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思)27.interaction替换communication 28.frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth 29.to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance 30.next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible
希望各位朋友能够在平时的学习中多总结精彩、地道的词汇和句型闪光点，并与大家共享！一至七条为图表句型.一． 上升增长
1．…add up to… 增加了
eg.The total amount of … added up to 14 billion pounds(14%)in 1994.2． to jump to / to soar to..一跃达到/ 猛增到…
eg.The total working days lost soared to 10 million in 1979.3．…an increase of about…percent as compared with..与…相比大约增加了… eg.In August as many as 39 car accidents were reported, indicating an increase of about 79% as compared with the number of January.4．…to experience an increase/incline …有了增长
eg.Tobacco consumption is experiencing an incline.二． 下降，减少
1．…to sink/drop/reduce to… 减少到…
eg.The rate of strikes sank/dropped to the lowest point in 1979.2．…to experience a decrease/decline …有了减少
eg.Tobacco consumption is experiencing a decrease.注意：
修饰上升/减少的副词有：
rapidly slowly dramatically respectively 表达上升/减少的最后状态的词有：
the highest peak the lowest point 10 million 10% 三． 起伏
1．…to go up and down …起伏不定
eg.The strike rate went up and down during the period from 1952 to 1967.2．There be ups and downs …有起有伏
eg.Between 1972 and 1979, there were several ups and downs in（某方面）.四． 稳定
1．…to remain steady/level/unchanged …保持稳定，几乎不变
eg.The rate of …remained steady(fairly level/almost unchanged)during the four years from 1963 To 1967.2．…to level off(vi.)
eg.After a steady decline for a whole decade, the …rate shows signs of leveling off.注意：
修饰起伏或稳定状态的副词有：
almost fairly 可以用于表达起伏，稳定状态的句子中的词组或句型：
the general situation was not worsening show indications of improvement
it can be predicted that… eg.The rate of …remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967,and it can be predicted that the general situation was not worsening.eg.The rate of …remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967,showing signs of improvement in … 五． 成正比，反比
1．…be in direct /inverse ratio to/with 与…成正比/反比
eg.Male illustrations are in direct ratio to /with the advancement of grades, while female illustrations are in inverse ratio.六． 占百分之几，几分之几
1….to form/comprise/make up/constitute ….percent …占百分之… g.Women comprise more than 50% of the US.population.eg.Females make up only 24% of the illustrations whereas males constitute 76%.2．…to form/comprise/constitute a half/third/fourth of……占…的1/2,1/3,1/4 eg.Female illustrions form less than a fourth of the total.3．…account for…percent 占百分之几
eg.……, accounting for approximately 20 percent of… 七． 倍数
1．A be …times as much/many as B
eg.The annual rainfall of Hunan is 5 times as much as that of Sichuan.2．A doubles/is half/triples B A是B的两倍，一半，三倍
eg.The annual rainfall of Jidda doubles that of Janta, but is only half the amount of rain Kuwait receives each year.附一 圆盘比例型图表 例： 一个圆盘显示了大学生在food, books, transportations, entertainment, clothes, unknown中的开销，它们各自占的比例依次是60%,3%,5%,10%,10%,12%，要求你描叙这个圆盘图。描述: The above pie chart consists of 6 segments, the largest one representing food, which accounts for 60% of the total.Clothes and entertainment each takes up 10%.5% goes to transportation and 3% books.All the rest expenses, 12% of all ,is spend on unknown items.总结写作模式：
…pie chart consists of…segments, the largest one representing…,which accounts for …of the total.…each takes up….…goes to….All the rest…, …of all,……..八.原因结果
1….(结果)…, owing to(原因)[owing to 为分词结构]
2….(结果)…, attributable to（原因）[attributable to为形容词短语] 3….(结果)lie in the fact that（原因）[ 同位语从句 ] 4….（结果）result from（原因）[句型一般]
5.It is precisely because（原因）…that（导致结果）… [强调结构] 6.…, as a result, …（导致结果）… [as a result做插入语] 7.（原因）be responsible for（结果）[常见句型] 8.（原因），which in turn（结果）
eg.They give rise to unfair competition, which in turn throws original businesses into a commercial panic.九．采取措施，提出建议
1.My suggestion to deal with/solve/relieve the problem are as follows.In the first place,….secondly,….Finally,… [常见句型]
2.If we let the situation go as it is, ….By that time, ….如果让这种情况继续发展下去，那么……。到那个时候，……。[比较好的句型]
3.More and more people are realizing the importance of…[进行时态，more and more比many好] 4.Great efforts/More measures/Due attention must be taken/paid to do …[ 被动语态，due attention 和be paid to 搭配] 5.If……, will there be anything that can make me even happier? 如果（我们怎么怎么做），那将没有比这令我更高兴的了。[条件句，反问句]
6.It is important/necessary/urgent/desirable(希望)/advisable(明智)for sb.to do sth.[It is …for …to do…句型] 7.enhance the awareness of people that…
8.The first nut for us to crack is… 我们首先要解决的是……。[比The first thing we should do is … 句型 高级的多，精彩的多，生动的多]
9.……as soon as possible [常见句型]
10.sth.be of the utmost importance [ be of n.结构，比sth.be much important好] 十．方式，比较
1.(Just)as …, so… 正如… [ 比较句型 ]
eg.Just as water is the most important of liquids, so air is the most important of gases.2.in much the same way/manner that… 正如…, 和…一样
eg.The Americans spend Christmas Day in much the same way that the Europeans do.十一.让步
1.now that …… 既然…… [让步从句]
eg.Now that the decision has been made, we must try our best to carry it out.2.unless…not… [ 让步从句]
eg.It is a vicious cycle and unless you consider these social, economic and environmental problems in one context, you are not serious about meeting the challenges.[注意例句中的consider sth.in one context句型:把什么事情放在一起加以综合考虑] 十三.强调句
1.only [既是强调句,又是倒装句]
eg.Only in this way can you hope to improve the present situation.2.It is …that…
eg.It is because he was too careless that he failed in the exam.3.nothing but 只不过；只有…
eg.If what we have been striving for is nothing but pleasure-seeking, our nation will be deprived of the right to rise.(这里nothing but 可以去掉,不影响句意,但有了nothing but,就强调了后面的名词)
十四.假设
1.Supposing……, it is likely that….假设…, 那么很可能… [假设, 虚拟语态]
eg.Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc.from an advertisement.十五.反问
1.What else can …? ……..还能做什么呢?
eg.What else can the poor parents do but obey? 这些可怜的家长除了听从外还能做什么呢? 2.How could ……? 怎能….eg.How could I put the English books aside to read pastime books? 十六.比较
1.A is to B what X is to Y.A对于B 就象X对于Y eg.Food is to man what oil is to machines.2.……more…, less…
eg.The closer to Christmas, the crazier they get;they become more agitated, less patient.十七.否定
1.双重否定
not uncommon = common平常的,普通的not unusual = usual平常的，通常的not inevitable=evitable 可以避免的
(尽量把要强调的普通的形容词改成双重否定, 为文章多增加亮点)2.by no means 并没有;当然不
3.no longer/more 不再
eg.I am no longer that ignorant girl.十八.程度
1.all the more 更加
eg.That makes London all the more fascinating, doesn’t it? eg.It is all the more surprising therefore that…
2.more than 做副词, 意为 “多过…”, “比…以上”, “比…更” eg.I am more than happy to hear from you.3.more than you can… 远超过你…
eg.The situation is very abominable more than you can stand.环境非常恶劣,你无法忍受.十九.论相互关系
1.A have much(nothing)to do with B 2.A be closely related to B
3.A be directly bound up with B 4.a definite link between …and… 二十一.直陈观点
1.more than…can 简直不,无法,难以…
eg.The beauty of the city is more than I can describe.2.beyond description 无法描述
eg.The beauty of the city is beyond description.3.There is no point(use)in doing… …是没有任何意义的.4.The first nut for us to crack is … 我们首先要解决的问题是… 5.short-sighted policy 眼光短浅的政策 6.while ……with one hand, ……with the other.当(我们)一方面…., 而另一方面…
eg.While money is eagerly collected in vast sums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other.7.far from 远离,远远不,非但不
eg.Far from taking exception(take exception:反对), no one is even mildly surprised.8.be bound to
eg.Any discussion of this topic is bound to question the aims of education.9.(or)vice-versa 反之亦然
10.sth.be measured in terms of … sth.用…来衡量
eg.“success” is measured in terms of freedom from insecurity.11….(现象)…, upon which views vary from person to person.12.A be more essential to B.对B来说, A是尤为关键重要的.13.Distinguished scientific accomplishment is a matter of opportunity and of continuous and concentrated effort over long years.(很优美的句子,值得借鉴)
14.from the …point of view 从…角度来看
eg.From the health point of view 从健康的角度来看
15.……must be rooted out in order to ….…必须根除以…
eg.Moral corruption must be rooted out in order to preserve the integrity of the state.为了使国家健康发展,必须根除腐败.16.…represent only the tip of the iceberg.…….只是冰山一角
eg.The most famous stars represent only the tip of the iceberg.17.The rapid progress in science and technology has given a powerful shove-ahead to the productive forces of the world and the economic and social development of humanity.科技的快速发展带给世界生产力和人类经济和社会的发展一个强劲的推动力(2001年江泽民的七.一讲话).18.….stand tall and aim far, broaden one’s vision and give full play to one’s intelligence and wisdom on the broad arena of reform, opening-up and the modernization drive.站的高看的远,开扩自己的视野,在改革开放和现代化建设的大舞台上充分发挥个人才智(2001年江泽民的七.一讲话).(句中很多的词组都是作文中可以运用到的,比如改革开放:reform(and)opening-up等)
19….demonstrate the value of one’s life and work hard to achieve feats that will live up to the expectations of the people and the times.证实自己的人生价值,努力的工作取得成就,而不辜负人民和时代的期望.(出处同上)
20.When asked about…, the overwhelming majority of people say that ….But other people think of … as…./ But I think quite differently.(对报刊上某一问题(已有不同的人发表了不同的观点)发表自己的观点)21.It is generally believed/accepted/held that… 通常认为….22 It is no denying the fact that….无可否认… 23….., so…that…
eg.The river is very clear, so clear that you can see the fishes coming and going in it.eg.Everything is covered with a thick layer of dust, so poisonous that all the grass, trees, vegetables and flowers gradually die.二十二.辨证分析
1.Just as the popular saying goes, “Every coin has two sides”.From one side,….from the other side,….正如一个谚语所说的, “每个硬币都有两面(事物都是一分为二的)”.从一方面看…..从另一方面来看…..二 十三.比喻,拟人
1.They are taken prisoners by fame and their achievements turn into a bar to further advance.2.True and deep love of life is the spring from which flow courage, confidence and power.二十四.副词
1.admittedly 应当承认:
Admittedly, a few governments have taken timid measures.2.simply 简而言之:
The answer is simply money.3.discreetly 小心谨慎地: point out discreetly that… 4.conceivably 可以想象地:
Smoking may, conceivably, be harmful.5.surely 肯定地:
This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine.6.eagerly 渴望地
7.increasingly 不断增长地
While money is eagerly collected in vast sums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other.8.honestly: 诚实地:
the government is honestly concerned about the welfare of its people政府真心实意地关心它的人民的福利
9.certainly: 当然地
As individuals we are certainly weak, but if …作为个人,我们当然是弱小的,但是如果… 结束语
这份句型总结,只是包含了大部分的句型结构.对任何人的写作都有一定的帮助.但是请不要完全依赖这份总结（更.多更好的短语,句型需要自己在阅读中不断积累总结.英语高级句型
I.否定句
II.判断句
III.祝愿祈使句
IV.感叹句
V.疑问句
VI.数词句型
VII.关联指代
VIII.比较句型
IX.比喻句型
I.否定句
1.主语+否定谓语，not + 同前主语 用语加强否定语气。I’ll not do such a thing, not I.He won’t break his word, not he.Tom can’t speak Russian, not he.2.主语+否定谓语+much less/still less +词组或从句
用语进一步否定。I could not assent to, much less participate in such proceedings.He doesn’t like music, still less/much less dancing.I didn’t even see him, still less/much less shake hands with him.3.主语+否定谓语+to say nothing of/not to speak of/not to mention +名词
主语+否定谓语+let alone+名词或从句
用语进一步否定。He doesn’t know English, to say nothing of German or French.I don’t know algebra or geometry, not to mention calculus.I never thought of it, let alone(much less/still less)did I do it.4.半否定词+or/if+否定代词或副词
表示半否定或让步否定。
Few, however, if any, besides the King himself, believed that Hermione was quilty.I saw little or nothing of him after you were gone.She seldom or never(if ever)made a mistake.Peter read little or nothing(little if anything)in summer vacation.Mr.Morris seldom or never went out.5.主语+cannot + but/choose but/help but +动词原型
意为“不得不，别无选择”。I cannot but admire his courage.We can’t(choose)but admit that in certain aspects of science and technology they are ahead of us.We can’t but read books to increase our knowledge.6.（There be）No+主语+but+谓语+其它 双重否定表示强烈之肯定。
（其中but 相当于who...not, that...not, which...not）There is no man but has his faults.(There is no man who doesn’t have his faults.There is no man without faults.All men have faults.)(There is)Nobody but has his faults.There is no rule but has exceptions.There is nobody but knows this matter.7.A分句（否定）+ but + B分句（肯定）借否定来强调肯定。It never rains but pours.She never comes but she brings us something to eat.They never met but they fought.8.主语+be + the last + 名词+从句/to do He is the last person to say that.You are the last woman that I want to marry.That is the last place where I expected to have met you.Lying is the last thing that he is likely to do.II.判断句
9.主语+can’t+谓语+too+形容词/副词
表示强烈之肯定。You can’t read too much/ many books.We can’t be too careful.Nobody can have too many friends.She can never have too many dresses.10.主语+谓语+no other than/none other than/ none but+宾语/表语
强调判断句。The man was no other than John.We depend on none but ourselves.11.主语+be nothing +else but/else than/less than+表语
强调判断句。He is nothing but a paper tiger.The situation is nothing else but/than fine.That is nothing less than a miracle.Genius is nothing but labor and diligence.12.主语+be not A, but B./ 主语+be +B+ and(but)not A.选择判断句。I am very ill, not bodily, but mentally.The tragedy is not in not knowing, but in not knowing that you don’t know.It is yours, and not mine.It is not mine, but yours.13.(It is)Not that A + but that B.选择判断句。It is not that I dislike the work, but that I have no time.Not that we are afraid of Americans, but that they are afraid of us.It is not heroes that make history, but history that makes heroes, and that, consequently, it is not heroes who create a people, but the people who create heroes and more history onward.14.So far from being..., 主语+谓语
选择判断句。So far from being a help, he is a hindrance.So far from being ashamed of it, he takes pride in it.So far from being true, the news is false.15.主语+be + less A than B./ 主语+be+ more B than A.比较判断句。Experience shows that success is due less to ability than to zeal.It is even more a picture that a poem.He is more shy than(he is)unsocial.He is more angry(not angrier)than frightened.16.主语+be+B rather than A.与其说，不如说。比较判断句。He is an ordinary worker rather than a leader.He is rather diligent than clever.The patient was worse rather than better.He is an artist rather than a philosopher.17.主语+ be not so much A as B.与其说，不如说。比较判断句。He is not so much a scholar as a writer.It is not so much a help as advice.A man’s worth lies not so much in what he has as in what he is.18.主语+ be being +doing.故意, 有意。She is being kind.They are being friendly.Tom is being naughty.He is being good/helpful/a fool.19.时间 + see/witness +宾语
拟人表达。
The twenties century saw the rapid development of IT.The happy May witnessed their grand wedding.1976 saw the loss of two great men in China.III.祝愿祈使句
20.Be so kind/good as to do sth.委婉的请求。Be good/kind enough to do sth.Be so kind/kind enough to shut the door.Be so good as to come and join us.Be good enough(so good as)to help me with my English.21.Supposing/Suppose主语+动词原形
类似let，但更委婉。Suppose we try to do it my way.Suppose we start tomorrow.Supposing we go for a swim.Supposing we buy a car.22.Long live +第三人称主语
...万岁。Long live the people!Long live our motherland!
23.May +主语 +动词原形
祝愿。
May you return soon.May he be happy.May she never repent this act.(May)God bless you.24.名词 to 名词
祝愿。Glory to the people!Success to you!Best wishes to you!A happy journey to you!
25.If only +主语 + 虚拟谓语
若...就好了。
If only Mao Zedong were still by our side to see this with his own eyes!If only I had known then what I knew long afterwards!If only I could see her again!
26.O/Oh/Ah, + that 从句（虚拟）
O/Oh/Ah, + to be +表语
O/Oh/Ah, + 虚拟谓语 +主语
虚拟的愿望。
Oh, that she could come back to life again!O that he were a live and could see this!Ah, to be in England now that April is there!O to be a boy again!O were he only here!O had I wings!
27.Be+主语 +表语
表语 + be +主语
书面语的愿望。Be ours a happy meeting!Light be her heart and gay her merry eyes!So be it!(So may it be.Be it so.)Blessed be he that spares these stones and curst be he that moves my bones.28.Would(that)+主语 +虚拟谓语
祝愿。虚拟的愿望。Would(that)it were otherwise!Would that they were safe home again!Would I were a woman!Would that I were young again!
IV.感叹句 29.To think that + 从句（虚拟谓语）意外而感叹。To think that you should fail!To think that I should be s insulted!To think that I knew nothing about it!To think that you are/were so careless!
30.Fancy + 动名词
表示“真想不到”。Fancy meeting so many friends here!Fancy his doing a thing like that!Fancy his making such a wonderful speech!Fancy(that)!Just fancy!
V.疑问句
31.疑问词+in the world/on earth/the devil/ever...?
强调疑问句。What in the world do you mean? Who on earth told you that? Who the devil is he? Where ever did you lose it? Who ever wants it?
32.疑问句+do you think/did you say/can you guess/do you suppose + 其它？疑问句中插入成分。What do you think I should do first? How old were you then, did you say? How many books, can you guess, did he buy the other day?
33.肯定陈述，+ 肯定反问
修辞性反问以加强语气，非反意问句，故无需作答。
肯定反问中的动词须重读。We are old friends, not strangers, right? So you have seen the film, have you? She is a sweet girl, is she?
34.疑问词位置不在句首
特殊疑问句的灵活运用。
Five times what number makes 20? You are twenty-what this year? He is your who? You bought a what yesterday? He went all the way where?
VI.数词句型
35.用exactly/clear/sharp 精确整数。The cloth measures ten yards exactly.It’s now exactly ten o’clock.It’s ten sharp.It takes me three clear days.36.about /or so/ more or less/ some
约指整数。
About ten thousand cars were produced.He wrote some 800 books.During the past ten years or so, the production has increased by 90 %.It’s an hour’s journey, more or less.37.年龄表达 I am 20.I am 20 years old.I am 20 years of age.I am aged 20(years).My age is 20(years).He entered school at the age of 5.He became plump at 50.He graduated at 20 years of age.He is a girl of 18(years old).He is a man aged 20 years.They are under/below 7 years of age.She is in her teens.38.计量表达
The tree is about 60 feet high(in height).long—in length
wide—in width
thick—in thickness
heavy—in weight
high(物)—in height
tall(人)—in height
deep—in depth
across—in breadth(宽度)
across—in diameter(直径)
across—in radius(半径)This room measures 60 feet(in length)by 15 feet(in breadth).VII.关联指代
39.On(the)one hand,...and on the other(hand)...同一事物之两面。
On the one hand, I am your teacher, and on the other, I am your comrade and friend.They have been blamed on the one hand and lauded on the other.On the one hand, you shouldn’t be shy;on the other hand, you mustn’t forget your manners.40.two(both)...the one(and)the other...two(both)...the former, the latter...two(both)...the first, the second...two(both)...that, this...two(both)...those, these...先后两事物。
I have two brothers;the one(former)is fifteen, and the other(latter)is eleven.Work and play are both necessary to health;this(the latter)gives us rest, and that(the former)gives energy.They keep horses and cattle, those for riding, and these for food.41.first...second...third...lastly...firstly...secondly...thirdly...lastly...one...two...three...four...序列。
First, I wish both of you good health.Second, I wish both of you success in your work;and third, I wish both of you good luck in everything.What do we need in order to really win? We need three things: first, arms, second, arms, third, arms and arms again.VIII.比较句型
42.某些形容词-or + to + 被比对象
特殊比较级句型。His strength is superior to/greater than mine.Socialism is superior to capitalism.My knowledge is inferior to/less than his.Is your father senior to mine? Colored people are by no means inferior to white people.His arrival is posterior to that of my friend.43.Better...than...“宁可，最好”，It is被省略。Better late than never.Better to do well than to say well.Better to light one candle than to curse the darkness.Better die standing than live kneeling.44.choose A before B
优先选择。A hero should choose death before dishonor.I am willing to work myself to death before I give up.I would do anything before that.IX.比喻句型
45.like, as
比喻。
He stood there like a tree.Use a book as a bee does a flower.A year has gone as a tortoise goes heavy and slow.46.A is to B as C is to D.A to B is what C is to D.比喻
Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.Intellect is to the mind what sight is to the body.Air is to us what/as water is to fish.47.(Just)As/What +喻体, so/that +本体
比喻
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.What salt is to food, that wit and humor are to conversation and literature.What blood vessel is to a man’s body, that railway is to transportation.As food is to man, so manure is to crops.48.A to B is as...as C to D.同等重要性比喻。Cultivation to the mind is as necessary as food to the body.He walks as if he were as blind as a beetle.A pen to a writer is as important as arms to a soldier.49.may as well...as...类似比喻。
You may as well call a cat a little tiger as call a tiger a big cat.She might as well love a dream as fall in love with me.One might as well expect the leopard to change his spots as expect the wolf to change its nature.50.as...as
形容词活用。It is as hot as hot can be.He works as hard as hard can be.She’s as beautiful as beautiful can be.
第二篇：there be 句型
2008暑假
2008.6.高一（英语）学案
there be 句型It的及用法
“ There be …”句型是初中英语的重点句型之一，现将其用法归纳如下：
一、be 动词的形式
句中 be 动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，由与其最靠近的用作主语的名词的数来决定。例如：
There is a pen and a pencil in the pencil-box.There are two apples，an orange and some bananas on the table.二、时态运用
一般现在时： There is a map of China on the wall.一般将来时： There will / is going to be a sports meeting next week.一般过去时： How many students were there in your school last term？
过去将来时： The teacher said there would be a football match on TV this evening.现在完成时： There have been two shops and a hospital here.There has been a hospital and two shops here.三、“ There be …”的几种特殊句式
1.There be + n.+ doing sth.（某人在做某事。）例如：
There are three Chinese girls looking after them.（JBI，P69）（有三个中国姑娘照顾他们。）
There's a boy swimming in the lake.（JBI，P169）（有一个男孩在湖中游泳。）
There're hundreds of students watching the football match.（JBI，P169）（有好几百学生在观看足球赛。）
There will be fewer people wanting to buy cars.（JB III，P63）（有较少的人想买轿车。）
2.There was no time to think.（JB II，P63）（没有时间考虑）
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2008.6.高一（英语）学案
There's no need to thank me.I'm only doing my job.（JB III，P82）（没有必要感谢我，我只是尽我的职责罢了。）
3.There're twenty more trees to be planted.（JB III，P54）
（还有 20 多棵树要栽。）
四、“ There be …”的几种特殊句式转换
1.a.（1）There isn't a cat in the sitting-room.（改写成意思相同的句子）
（2）There is no cat in the sitting-room.b.（1）There aren't any cats in the sitting-room.（改写成意思相同的句子）
（2）There're no cats in the sitting-room.2.a.（1）There's a sheep on the hill.（对划线部分提问）
（2）How many sheep are there on the hill？
b.（1）There're some sweaters in the box.（对划线部分提问）
（2）What's in the box？
3.a.（1）There's little time left.（改写为反意疑问句）
（2）There's little time left，is there？
b.（1）There used to be a bridge over the river.（改为反意疑问句）
（2）There used to be a bridge over the river，didn't there？ / usedn't there？
五． “There be „”句型的几种特殊形式：在“There be„”句型种还有些特殊形式，即句型中的“be”有多样性，比如说，可以说“there stand , there lived ,there lay „..”
There lived an old wise man in our village.There stand a young lady under that big tree.六.“ There be …”句型误用例析
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2008.6.高一（英语）学案
1.误： There will have a meeting next Wednesday.正： There will be a meeting next Wednesday.分析：“ There be …”表示“某处存在有”，不能与 have / has
（有）互换使用。
2.误：－ What are in the basket？ － There're some apples.正：－ What's in the basket？ － There're some apples.分析：疑问代词 what 作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式。
3.误： There will be much rainy the day after tomorrow.正： There will be much rain the day after tomorrow.分析：“ There be + n.…”中用名词 rain 作主语，而不用形容词 rainy.4.误： There're many Young Pioneers are planting trees along the river.正： There're many Young Pioneers planting trees along the river.分析：“ There be +n.+ doing sth ”中的“ doing sth ”是现在分词短语作定语，故应用 planting，而不用“ are planting ”。
5.误： There're some money in the purse.正： There's some money in the purse.分析： money 为不可数名词，故 be 动词应用单数形式 is.自测题（单项选择题）
1．There _____ a clock on the table.(a)a.is b.are 2.______ there a radio on your desk?(b)3 地点：南山后悔 海月路花半里12号
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2008.6.高一（英语）学案
a.are b.is 3.____ there a map on the wall? Yes, there ______.(c)a.are / is b.is / are c.is / is d.are /are 4.There _____ some students in the classroom.(a)a.are b.is 5.There _____ a pencil, a book and two pens on the table.(a)a.is b.are 6.There _____ two apples, one orange and one banana on the table.(b)a.is b.are 7.Are there _____ pictures on the wall? No, there aren't ______.(a)a.any / any b.some / any c.some / some 8.There isn't a book in his hand.There is _____ book in his hand.(a)a.no b.not 9.There is a tree ____ the playground.(b)a.at b.near 10.--Are there _____ shops near here?(d)--No, there are _____ shops near here.a.some, not b.some, any c.any, not d.any, no
（一）中考题例
1．—What did you see in the basket then ？
—There ________ a bottle of orange juice and some oranges．（'99山西）
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2008.6.高一（英语）学案
A．is B．are C．was D．were
2．There ________ a big tree near the house．（'99北京）
A．are B．is C．have D．has
3．There ________ a lot of animals in the zoo．（'99山东）
A．have B．has C．is D．are
4． ________ any flowers on both sides of the street？
A．Is there B．Are there C．Has D．Have
5．There ________ two pictures and a map of China on the wall．（陕西2001）
A．are B．has C．have D．is
6．There ________ an English Evening next Monday．（新疆2001）
A．was B．will be C．will have D．are going to be
7．Paul：What did you find under his desk？
Tom ：Oh，________ all kinds of things：a basketball，pencils，a hat，and fries！（台湾2001）
A．there were B．it was C．it had D．there was
8．There ________ a sports meeting in our school next week．（厦门2002）
A．will hold B．will have C．is going to be D．is going to have
参考答案及详解: 1．C。there be后接并列主语时，be的单复数形式应与紧接的名词相一致。注：a bottle of orange juice一瓶桔子汁；some oranges一些桔子。第一个短语中的orange juice是不可数名词，意为“桔子汁”；第二个短语中的oranges是可数名词，意为“桔子”。
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2．B。
3．D。there be句型中一般不用动词have，但在完成时态里用have（has），即there have（has）been．．．。
4．B。
5．A。主语是复数，而且是There be句型，采取就近原则，故用are。
6．B。将要，There be句型的将来时，且主语是单数。
7．A。主语是复数。
8．C。be going to表示将来，主语是单数。
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第三篇：There be句型
Therebe句型及用法；Therebe句型表示“某地存在某人/物”；它的构成形式:Thereare／is＋某物／人＋；
一、Therebe句型的句式；（1）否定句：be后加not；（2）疑问句：be提到主语前；否定回答：No,thereisn’t/aren’；Eg：Isthereanywaterintheb；
二、therebe句型有数的变化；be的单复数取决
There be 句型及用法
There be 句型表示“某地存在某人/物”。
它的构成形式:There are／is＋某物／人＋地点。即可以表示某地方有什么东西，也可以表达某地 方有什么人。
一、There be 句型的句式
（1）否定句：be后加not。注意肯定句中的some变为any。Eg：There isn’t any water in the bottle.瓶子里没有水
（2）疑问句：be提到主语前。同样，some变为any。肯定回答：Yes, there is/ are.否定回答：No, there isn’t/ aren’t Eg ：Is there any water in the bottle? 瓶子里有水吗？ Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.有。/没有。
二、there be句型有数的变化
be的单复数取决于其后的主语，单数主语用is，复数主语全用are；如有并列主语时，be随第一主语变，即就近原则。There is a girl and two boys in the picture.图片里有一个女孩，两个男孩。
There are two boys and a girl in the picture 图片里有两个男孩，一个女孩
三、there be句型与have的区别
当表示“人”（有生命的）有的时候，用have或has，强调所属关系；
当表示“物”（无生命的）有的时候，用there is 或 there are，强调空间上的存在。
I have a brother.我有一个弟弟。
There are many apples on the table.桌子上有许多苹果。但表示某物的组成部分时，二者可以互换。
There are 20 students in our class.= Our class has 20 students.我们班有20名学生。
四、there be句型有时态的变化
1、There be句型的一般过去时常用 There was/ were+主语表达。1)句子主语为单数名词或不可数名词时，动词be用was。2)句子主语为复数名词时，be用were。
3)主语为几个并列名词时，be的形式与距它最近的一个名词在数量上保持一致。
There was a teacher and 40 students in the room yesterday.昨天房里有一名老师和四十名学生。
2.There be句型的一般将来时常用There will be +主语/ There is(are)going to be+主语来表达。
There is going to be a meeting this afternoon.
第四篇：万能句型
万能句型
(1)完善相关的法律法规
古人云：“以铜为镜，可以正衣冠;以史为镜，可以知兴替;以人为镜，可以明得失。”而以法为镜，可以断曲直。任何社会问题的有效解决，都离不开完善的法律法规。我国人大及相关的有立法权的机关，应在尊重客观事实的前提下，完善相关的法律法规，形成公正统一的执法标尺，从而有效地解决这一社会问题。
(2)加强宣传教育
一系列社会问题，如果要得到比较完善的解决，仅仅靠行政机关单方面的治理是远远不够的。得到人民群众的理解和支持，解决该问题的对策才有可能顺利执行。因此，要充分利用报纸、电视、广播等媒介向广大人民群众宣传该社会问题的危害性、治理的意义与目的、治理该问题的措施等相关内容形成强大的舆论氛围，使人民群众自觉地去协助政府有关部门开展治理工作，促进该问题的有效解决。(3)加强管理部门间的配合协调
各政府有关部门要相互协调，相互配合，形成合力，共同治理该社会问题。因为事物总是普遍联系的，同样，社会问题的成因也是多方面的，同时也是相互联系的。因此，社会问题的解决往往需多方面力量的共同参与，在政府管理机制中，各个部门就是解决该社会问题的各方力量，只有发挥其写作精神，解决问题的对策才能真正落到实处。(4)提高管理者的管理水平
在治理该社会问题的过程中，部分管理者缺乏解决该社会问题的经验和技巧，也在一定程度上制约了该社会问题的有效解决。因此，我们要从构建学习型政府的角度出发，通过加大公务员职业技能及业务能力的培训、在职教育等多种形式，提升管理队伍的整体水平，进而全面提升政府管理部门在新时期下的管理水平，从而有效地解决这一社会问题。(5)构建利益平衡机制
任何社会问题的解决过程实际上都是一个利益平衡的过程。管理部门可以通过制定合理的利益分配或协调机制，增加解决该社会问题的动力。另一方面，我们还可以通过强制的方式(如修订或完善相关的法律法规)，使各利益关系人服从某一既定的利益分配方式，从而有效解决该社会问题。(6)加强群众参与
所有的社会问题的解决，都应该让广大群众参与其中，既参与解决对策的设计，也参与对解决对策的评估，让他们享有知情权、参与权决策权和监督权。参与的过程就是信息披露的过程，对政府而言就是政务透明的过程。需要共享式的解决对策，而不是封闭式的。因此我们应该就这一问题建立相关的参
与机制，发动群众自我管理的热情，此举一方面可以节省解决该社会问题的行政成本，同时在广大人民群众的配合支持下又可以提高解决对策的实效性。
(7)构建利益导向机制
以“利益导向机制”来替代传统的“惩罚机制”，才能从根本上解决该社会问题。任何社会问题只要涉及人为因素，必定是由于利益驱动的原因。既然利益驱动能够导致该社会问题的发生，那利益驱动能不能逆向地推动社会问题的解决呢?答案当然是可以的。因此只要我们在对公众进行充分得宣传教育，让公众了解这一社会问题的严重性，同时推出一系列奖励机制，从而让公众从维护自身利益的角度去自觉配合政府的工作，一定能大大地提高解决对策的有效性。(8)深化机制改革
目前该社会问题的解决仍然处于攻坚阶段。要建立完善的解决机制，必须解决不少难度很大的深层次问题。该社会问题涉及面比较广，触及许多深层次的利益调整，解决问题的复杂性和艰巨性明显加大。面对这种情况，要不断深化该社会问题涉及的行政管理体制改革，减少和规范有关的行政程序，合理界定各级相关政府管理部门的权责，加强配合协调。用改革的办法消除阻碍该社会问题有效解决的体制性及机制性的问题，为全面解决该社会问题提供强有力的体制保障。(9)加强监督管理
在解决该社会问题的过程中，我们会发现关键之处在于加强监督管理。任何社会问题一旦发生，即使能有效治理，所花费的人力物力无疑也是巨大的，最佳对策应该是将社会问题扼杀在萌芽之中。因此，我国有关的监管部门要进一步强化对该社会问题的综合监督、组织协调和开展对该社会问题查处的职能，努力提高综合监管工作水平，有效预防该社会问题。
(10)加大投入力度
目前，我国正处于社会矛盾的凸显期，政府要处理和解决的社会问题很多，因此在解决某一特定社会问题的过程中时常会遇到投入力度不足的问题。对此，一方面政府有关部门可以量力而为地通过行政拨款的形式加大解决该问题的投入，我们还可以在政府的引导下，通过多种募集资金的方式(基金会、福利彩票、政府专项债券、社会募捐活动等)，呼唤社会大众对该社会问题的重视，努力从社会这一渠道获得一定资金来帮助解决这一社会问题。
第五篇：There be句型（推荐）
There be 句型
There be表示 “存在有”,即当我们告诉某人某事存在(或不存在)常用这种结构。其中there是引导词,本身无词义;be为谓语动词,后面跟的是名词,也就是主语,也就是说there be结构的运用也就是倒桩的具体运用。其真正的主语在there be 之后。在新课标中对此的考试要求是：掌握There be句式的结构特征和基本用法。在我们的课本中也出现了大量的There be句式如：
There are a few simple safe measures to follow while training.(Book3,P51)There are also records of gymnastics being performed in China and some other Asian countries.(Book3, P50)In China, there is only 7% of the land used for growing crops, which feeds more than one fourth of the world population.(Book3, P20)If the population keeps growing so quickly, there will be only standing room left for us next century.(Book2A, P49)There were lots of good English language programs broadcast on TV or on the radio in China.(Book1A, P46)There be结构是如此重要，我们高中生必须对此从以下方面进行了解。
一、注意事项： there be 结构中的be 是可以运用各种时态的。
There is going to be a meeting tonight.今晚有个会议。There was a knock at the door.有人敲门。
There has been a girl waiting for you.有个女孩一直在等你。There will be rain soon.不久天就要下雨了。
2动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的真正的主语一致。并且要根据就近一致原则来变换be 的单复数形式。如：
There is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书。
How many people are there in the city?这个城市里有多少人口。
There is a pen and two books on the desk.课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书。There are two books and a pen on the desk.课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔。There are some students and a teacher in the classroom.在教室里有一些学生和一位老师。
There is a teacher and some students in the classroom.在教室里有一位老师和一些学生。在there be引起的句子结构中，用来修饰主语的不定式主动形式和被动形式均可。
There is no time to lose(= to be lost).时间紧迫。There is nothing to see(=to be seen).看不见有什么。There is nothing to do.(=to be done)无事可做。
二、结构变形：
在there be 结构中还可把be 改变从而使得there be结构有了一些改变具体总结如下： There used/seem/ happen/appear to be 如： There might be snow at night.晚上可能有雪。
There appeared to be nobody willing to help.看来没人愿意帮忙。There used to be a building here.过去这儿有一座楼房。There happened to be a man walking by.碰巧有个人在此经过。There doesn't seem to be much hope.好象没有太大的希望。2 在there be的 be 前还可以加上各种情态词，如： There must be something wrong.一定有问题。
There ought not to be so many people.不应该有这么多的人。There might still be hope.可能还有点希望。
在there be句型中的be还可以换成其他的动词与there连用，这些词都是表示状态的如：live stand exist remain等或用来描写某事的发生或某人的到达如come, appear, enter, follow, occur等。There lived a rich man.这以前住着一个富翁。Then there came a knock at the door.然后有人敲门。
Long, long ago, there lived a king.很久很久以前，有一个国王。There followed a terrible noise.然后是传来了可怕的声音。Suddenly there entered a strange man.突然进来了一个奇怪的人。
三、特殊的表达方式：
１There is no sense in doing 做某事是没有用的，没有意义的 There is no sense in making him angry.跟他生气是没有用的。There in no sense in going alone.一个人去是没有好处的。There is no use /good doing 做某事是没有用的，没有必要的 There is no use trying to explain it.解释是没有必要的。There is no good/use going there.去那儿是没有好处的。There is no need to do 没有必要做某事 There is no need to worry.没有必要担心。
There is no need to give him so much money.根本没有必要给他那么多的钱。There is thought/said/reported to be 人们认为有/据说有/据报道有 There is thought to be an army between in these two countries。
人们认为在这两国之间有一场战争。
There is reported to be a better way to cure cancer.据报道，找到了一种更好的治疗癌症的方法。7 There is no doing（口语）不可能„„.There is no telling when he will be back.无法知道他什么时候回来。There is no knowing what he is doing.无法知道他在做什么。
四、there be句式的非限定形式。
There be 的非限定形式有两种，即there to be 和there being。需要掌握以下几个情况： 1作主语
当作主语时，一般是There being结构，当句式中有for时，一般用there to be如：
There being a shop here is a great advantage.这儿有个商店，真是方便极了。
There being a house with a garden is of great value.拥有花园的房子是很有价值的。
It is impossible for there to be any more.不可能再有了。2 作宾语
作动词宾语时，一般用there to be 结构。常见动词有：expect, mean, intend want, prefer等：
We expect there to be no argument.我们希望不会出现争吵。People don't want there to be anther war.人们不希望再有战争。
作介词的宾语一般用There being句式，但当是for时一般用there to be句式。This depended on there being a sudden change.这需要有一个突然的改变。
The teacher was waiting for there to be complete silence.老师在等着大家都安静下来。3 作状语
用作状语的there be的形式通常用therebeing结构。There being no buses, we had to walk home.由于没有公共汽车，我们不得不走着回家。
There being no nobody in the room, we realized that there was no use crying.屋里没人，我们意识到哭喊是没有用的。
There being nothing else to do, we went home happily.由于没事可做，我们快乐地回家了。
注意：如果句中出现for时应用there to be。It was too late for there to be any buses.太晚了，没有公共汽车了。练习： ______ a reading lamp on the table.A There is B There has C It is D It has 2 What a rainy summer we’ve had!
Yes, there______ only 3 sunny weekends the whole summer.A have been B are C had been D has been 3 I didn't want _____ to be a war between these two countries.A it B them C there D their 4 There is reported ______a number of the wounded on both sides.A to be B being C was D will be 5 ______ no coffee left, they had to make do with tea.A It being B There being C It was D There was 6 There is a little hope of ______ a settlement of the argument.A to be B there to be C there being D being 7 I don't expect there ______ any misunderstanding.A is B to be C being D will be 8 There are five pairs______ , but I’m at a loss which to buy.A to choose B to choose from C to be chosen D for my choosing 9 There is no use______ a lot without ______ anything.A to talk, do B talked, doing C talking, being done D talking, doing 10 If the storm had happened in the day-time, there ______ many more deaths.A were B would have been C had been D would be 11 Look!______.A There comes the bus B There the bus comes C The bus comes here D There does the bus come 12 ______ Mary with a baby in here arms just when I was about to leave.A There enter B There entered C Entered there D There entered into 13 There are a lot of people ______ for the bus to come.A waiting B to wait C waited D is waiting 14 The little girl is afraid to enter the house, because ______ a big dog at the gate.A lies there B lays there C there lies D there lays 15 About twenty-three centuries ago, ______.A there lived in Greece a great thinker who called Aristotle B a great thinker lived in Greece calling Aristotle
C lived there in Greece a great thinker called Aristotle D there lived in Greece a great thinker named Aristotle 16 ______ plenty of water in this river.A There used to being B There used to be C There is used to being D There was used to be 17 What a pity, my new computer doesn't work.______ must be something wrong with it.A It B There C This D That 18______ no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.A It has B There has C It is D There is 19 Let’s get through the work quickly.______ seems to be little time left now.A It B That C There D we 20 ______appeared to be a war between his heart and his mind.A There B It C Where D What 答案：
1A 2A 3C 4A 5B 6C 7B 8B 9D 10B 11A 12B 13A 14C 15D 16B 17B 18D 19C 20A
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