翻译中词性转换的技巧

第一篇：翻译中词性转换的技巧

翻译中词性转换的技巧

一.研究课题的目的和意义

汉语与英语在词法和语言结构方面都存在着很大的差异。因此，为了达到既忠实于原文又准确流畅的目的，翻译时应掌握一些必要的翻译技巧，词性转换即是其中之一。词性是词在语法意义上的性别, 它表示词所属的类别, 是词的表述功能的外在标记。词性转换是指翻译时为了正确而顺畅地表达原文内容而改变词的属性，即改变词性。在汉译英语句子时，使每一个英语单词都有一个与之词义和词性均相同的汉语词相对应是几乎不可能的。若一定要用词性相同的汉语词来译出英语原旬，那么，汉语译文常常会因不符合汉语的语言习惯及规范而读起来非常别扭，甚至艰涩难懂。词性转换在汉译英翻译中是一项技巧，其关键在于源语与目的与之间的词汇和句子结构差异较大。本文旨在探索在翻译的过程中如何更好地在翻译中使用词性转换的技巧，从而帮助大家逐步提高翻译能力和更加灵活运用词性转换这一翻译技巧。使其翻译的句子准确通顺，将由于英汉差异而引起的语言机械转换，根据表达习惯进行适当调整和转换，使译文变得更加的妥帖、顺畅。二．文献综述

刘小芬,杨筱霞在《再谈英汉互译中的词性转换》提出然而,许多人认为,翻译最大的障碍应该是两种语言的不同词性的转换。因为一种语言中的任何一个词并不总是能够在另一种语言中找到词性相同而词义又完全一样的词。只有通过改变原文的某种词性才能够更有效地传达出原文的准确意思。这种把一种语言中的某种词性转换成另一种语言的另一种词性来表达的翻译方法就是词性的转换。

谢捷在《英语名动转用中不同种类名词的转用几率探析》中提出“名词转化动词是基于原型名词的语义特征和所属语义种类确立其词义的,语言学家提出了多种转类动词的划分。”

陆俭明在《现代汉语语法研究教程（第三版）》中提到兼类词。兼类词指“同一个概括词兼有两种词类特性的词，即指同音同义而词性不同的词”

郑蕙在《论英汉翻译中的词性和句形转换》中提出“在英汉翻译过程中,因为汉、英两个民族不同的思维模式以及相关的社会背景环境和文化的不同给汉英翻译造成一定困难，所以有“语随境迁，语无定义”之说。这样译文才能通顺流畅。翻译过程中，我们可以采用词性转换和句子成分转换的翻译方法。这种方法不仅指词性的改变，而且还包括词性作用的改变和句子词序的改变。“

王晨在《浅谈词性转换法在汉译英翻译中的应用》中认为“汉语中出现表示知觉、感情、心理状态，以及表示长时间状态的动词时，按照英语的语言习惯，以上词汇通常在英文中以形容词性出现，在翻译成英文时就要将其转化为形容词。并且当有表达动词的意味的固定搭配的形容词组出现时，也要将他们翻译成形容词性。”

梁超.在《浅谈英译汉中的英汉词性的转换》中论述了英汉两种语言在词汇和语法结构方面有许多不同之处。因此在英译汉的过程中, 有些句子可以逐词翻译, 有些句子则由于英汉两种语言的表达方式不同, 就不能以“挖个坑填个萝卜”方法来逐词对译。翻译时原文的有些词在译文中需要转换词类, 才能使汉语译文通顺自然, 即翻译时不必拘泥于原文的表层结构, 可以在忠实原意的前提下将原文中有些词的词性转换为汉语的其他词性。

三.研究方法，通过阅读大量文献，归纳总结，分析与综合 四.写作思路

一．词类转换的定义及必要性 1.词类转换的定义 2.词类转换的必要性

1.2.1 词类的差异 1.2.2 意义相同但词类不同 二．两种词类间的转换 1.名词的转换技巧 2.动词的转换技巧 3.形容词的转换技巧 4.副词的翻译技巧 5.连词的翻译技巧 三．结语 五.写作计划

1.2011年11月 选题，查找资料，确定论文题目 2.2011年12月 开题报告答辩 3.2012年1月 英文提纲草拟 4.2012年3月 论文一稿 5.2012年4月初 论文二稿 6.2012年5月初 论文三稿 7.2012年5月底6月初 定稿 8.2012年6月中下旬 论文答辩 六.参考文献

[1] 刘小芬,杨筱霞.再谈英汉互译中的词性转换[J].山东商业职业技术学院学报, 2007,(03).[2]谢捷.英语名动转用中不同种类名词的转用几率探析[ J].大学英语(学术版), 2006(1): 65-66.[3] 郑蕙.论英汉翻译中的词性和句形转换[J].科教文汇(下旬刊), 2008,(05).[4] 王晨.浅谈词性转换法在汉译英翻译中的应用[J].陕西教育(高教版), 2009,(02).[5] 梁超.浅谈英译汉中的英汉词性的转换[J].职业教育研究, 2007,(02).[6]张培基等.英汉翻译教程［M］.上海：上海外语教育出版社，2009 ［7］陈苏东，陈建平.商务英语翻译［M］.北京：高等教育出

版社，2006.1.[8]倪洪源.英汉翻译中的词性转换策略[J].考试周刊, 2009,(51)[9]黄新祥.词类转换的认知研究[D].重庆大学, 2006,(01).[10] 蒋意.英汉词类转换的认知研究[D].湖南师范大学, 2006,(09).[11] 叶海燕.翻译中的词性转换及换形[J].安徽工业大学学报(社会科学版), 2005,(03)[12]陆俭明.现代汉语语法研究教程（第三版）[M], 北京：北京大学出版社, 2005: 47-51 [13] 刘金龙.试论科技英语中词性转换及其翻译[J].科技英语学习, 2007,(05).[14]何慧.英译汉中名词化词语翻译的两个特点[J]当代教育论坛(教学研究), 2010,(06)[15] 柳红霞.浅谈翻译中的词类转换[J].科技资讯, 2006,(16).

第二篇：词性转换

Unit 1 1.lovely可爱的lively活泼的有些以-ly结尾的词是形容词，通常不是副词，常见的例子有：brotherly, sisterly, fatherly, motherly, manly, womanly, costly, deadly, friendly, unfriendly , lively, lovely, lonely, silly, ugly, likely, unlikely, 等。

It would be too _____________ to repair the car.修理这辆汽车要花很多钱。

He’s caring for his __________ parents.他正照顾着年迈的父母。

She’s twice as ______________ as her sister.她比她姐姐活跃一倍。

Spring is a ____________ season.春天是怡人的季节。

2.attractive有吸引力的;

v._________;n.__________;3.optimistic乐观的;

(悲观的): _______________ 4.careful小心的;

n.______________;(粗心的）____________ 5.active积极的;

adv._____________;

n.______________ 6.patient耐心的;病人;n.___________;(带有耐心）________________________ 7.honest诚实的;

n.______________;(诚实为上策）____________________________ 8.responsible负责的;

n.______________;

(不负责任的）___________

(对某人付负责）______________________;

（对某事负责任）_____________________ popular流行的;n._______________;(受......欢迎）_______________________________ 10.gentle温柔的，温和的;adv.__________;（绅士，有教养的人）________________ 11.courageous勇敢的，无畏的;n.___________;v.___________

12.educated受过教育的 ； n.____________;（教育者）_______________ 13.curious好奇的;

n.______________;（出于好奇）__________________________ 14.independent独立的;n._______________;（依赖的）_____________ 15.energetic精力充沛的;n._______________;

16.determined下定决心的，坚决的;v.____________;

n.________________ 17.explanation解释，说明;

v._________________

Unit 2 1.harmonious adj和谐的；

n._______________

2.healthy adj健康的；

n.健康_____________

adv.健康地____________

adj,不健康的________________ 翻译：健康就是财富。________________________________ 3.beneficial adj有利的n.利益，好处 _________ v.有益于__________ 短语：有益于_____________________________________________ 4.difficult

adj困难的 n.困难_____________ 5.poor

adj,贫穷的 n.贫穷,缺乏_____________

Unit 3 1.n.专业major v.主修___________ n.多数（人，物）________________

2.v.争论，争辩

___________ n.论证.argument

3.v.说服，使相信，使信服persuade

n.说服力 ___________

adj.有说服力的 ___________

4.v.保护，防护protect

n.保护，防护

________________

5.v.不同，区别differ n.差异，区别

________________

adj.不同的 ________________

adv.相异地

________________

6.v.到达，到访arrive

________________ n到达.________________

7.v.忽略，忽视ignore

n.忽略，忽视

________________ adj.忽略的 ________________

8.n.威胁threat

v.威胁

________________

.9.v.参与，卷进involve

n.参与，卷进

________________

10.v.指引 direct

n.方向，指引 ________________ adj.直接的 ________________ adv.直接地

________________

Unit 4 1.n.放松relaxation

v.放松

________________，adj放松的 ________________

，2.n.允许permission

v.允许.________________

3.n力量.Strength v.加强

________________

4.adj.健康的healthy

n.健康

________________

5.adj.正常的normal

adj.不正常的 ________________ adv.不正常地 ________________

6.adj.有害的harmful

n伤害.________________

7.v.忘记 forget

adj.难以忘记的 ________________

8.adj相似的 similar.n.相似性

________________

.9.v.影响affect

n.影响

________________

adj.有效的的 ________________

10.n.记忆力 memory v.记

________________

11.v.跟随follow

adj.以下的，即将到来的 ________________

12.adv.几乎不hardly

adj困难的，硬的 ________________

.13.v.任然是，保持remain

adj.剩下的 ________________

Unit 5 1.校园生活 _____________________ 2.application n.____________ v.(运用；申请)___________ n.(申请人，求职者)3.complaint n.____________ v

抱怨伙食 ______________________ 4.absent adj._______________ n

反义词 _________ adj.(现在的；出席的)_________ n.5 expectation n.___________ v.___________ adv.反义词 adv._____________(未料到地)6.unfavorable adj.反义词___________adj._____________ v/n.________________(赞成)7.addtional adj._______________ n._________________ v.__________ ______(增添)8.unhealthy adj.反义词 _____________ adj.____________ adv(健康地)____________n.9.obvious adj.____________ adv.比较级 _______________ 最高级__________________ 10.realize v._______________ adj._____________________ adv.______________ n.(现实)

Unit 6 1.personality

n..个人，亲自

adj.亲自的__________

n.个人,个性______________ 2.entertainment n.娱乐

adj.娱乐的__________

v.娱乐______________ 3.attaction

n..吸引

adj.有吸引力的__________

v.吸引____________

4.patience

n.耐心

adj.耐心的_________

adv.耐心地__________ 反义词：不耐心的____________ n.病人___________ 5.companion

n.伙伴，同伴

v.陪伴___________ 6.amused

adj.感到好笑的 adj.令人发笑的_________

n.娱乐品，消遣____________ 7.energetic

adj.充满活力的n.能量____________ 8.intelligent

adj.聪明的 n.聪明的____________ 9.develop

v.发展

adj.发达的_________ adj.发展中的__________ n.发展_________ 10.strenghten

v.加强

n.力量，长处_____________ adj.强的，强壮的__________ 11.affect

v.影响

n.影响______________

adj.有效的___________

Unit 8 1.treat v.________ n.2.fight v.___________(过去式)___________(过去分词).3.understand v.________ n.反义词 _________ v.___________ n.4.harmony n.________ adj.________ adv.5.happiness n.___________ adj.__________ adv.反义词 __________adj.6.satisfaction n._________ adj.令人满意的_________ adj.感到满意的 ________ v.使….满意

7.consideration n.________ v.________ adj.体贴的_________ adj.相当大（多）的 8.real adj.________ adv.__________ n.9.merry adj.欢乐的_____________adv.10.valuable adj.有价值的____________n.____________v.______________adj.无价的,非常贵重_____________adj.没有价值的(反义词)

Unit 9 1 opportunity n._____________ 近义词 __________ challenge n.adj.____________ 富有挑战性的 3 freedom n.adj.____________ 自由的 self-control 自制 类似构词法单词 _____________, ____________ 5 ensure v.adj.________确保 complete v.adv._________完全地 7 require v.n.__________要求 8 fulfill v.n.___________成就 9 balance v.adj.__________平衡的 effective adj.n._________ 影响 adv__________有效地

Unit 10 1.celebrate vt._________ n.2.observe vt.__________ n.3.honor n.________ adj.4.attract vt.__________ n.________ adj._________ vt.(反义词)5.religion n.__________ adj.6.enthusiastic adj._____________ n.7.tradition n.___________ adj.8.culture n._________ adj.9.year n._______ adj.10.day n.________ adj.11.week n._________ adj.12.month n.________ adj.13.greet vt._________ n.14.enthusiasm n.____________ adj.15.cheer vt.________ adj.Unit 11 1.advertisement n.广告；———_________________v.做广告 2.effect n.影响；———_______________v.影响

3.complaint n埋怨.;———

________________ v.埋怨 4.energy n.能量；———_________________ adj.精力充沛的 5.advantage n.优点———__________________ n.缺点

6.spend v.花时间———___________（过去式）_________（过去分词）请填写介词spend time_______sth 花时间在某事上

spend time_______ doing sth 花时间做某事 7.avoid_________(do)sth 避免做某事

8.fool n.愚蠢———____________adj.愚蠢的 9.choose v.选择———___________（过去式）_________（过去分词）10.cheap adj.便宜的———______________ adj.昂贵的11.popular adj.受欢迎的——_________________ n.欢迎

12．successfully adv.成功地———_______________ adj.成功的 ——__________ n.成功———________________ v.成功

Unit 12

1、appearance n.外貌 vi.出现_________

2、flavor n.味.vt.给…调味； adj.可口的_________

3、smell n.嗅觉 /臭味；vt..嗅 adj.臭的_______adj.无气味的_______n.闻的人； 触须_________

4、convenient adj.方便的 反义词_________ adv.方便地_________ n.方便_________

5、hungry adj.饥饿的；渴望的 adv.饥饿地；渴望地_________ n.饿vi.渴望________

短语：渴望得到 _____________ n.饥饿，荒漠_________

Unit 13 affect影响(v.);n.effect短语（影响）：have an effect/ influence/impact on regularly有规律地;adj.regular;n.regulation;反义形容词：irregular normal正常的;adv.normally;反义形容词：abnormal deadly致命的；非常的;adj.dead;n.death;vi.die injury受伤(n.);v.injure;get injured 受伤 bleed流血;n.blood;adj.bloody disease疾病;同义词（疾病）illness;sickness

Unit 14 heavy adj.____________adv.2.helpful adj.__________（反义）_________________n.beneficial adj.______________n.____________v.短语：_______________________;_______________________________ various adj._____________v.___________________n.短语：许多_____________________ possible adj.______________(反义）_____________adv._________________n.warm adj.________________n.7.drown v._________________adj.environment n.______________adj.________________adv.环保的________________________ inconvenience n._________________（反义）___________________adj.短语:在某人方便的时候____________________________________________ 句型：做某事对于某人来说是方便的_______________________________________________ relief n.__________v.短语：让某人欣慰的是

Unit 15 1.popular adj.流行的，受欢迎的 _________n.流行，名气，受欢迎 2.energy n.能量

__________ adj 精力充沛的

3.attractive adj.吸引人的，_________ v.吸引

___________ n.吸引人的事物（地方）

4.devotion n.奉献，献身

__________ v.致力于，奉献 __________ adj.献身的，忠诚的

5.skillful adj.熟练的__________ adj.有技能的__________ n.技能，技巧 6.achieve v.实现，获得

____________ n.成就，完成

7.competition n.竞赛，比赛

____________ adj.竞争的 __________ v.竞争，比赛

Unit 16 1.tiredness(n.)疲劳 adj.疲劳的_________

2.culture(n.)文化 adj.文化的___________ 3.expense(n.)花费 adj.昂贵的______________

4.insist(v.)坚持

n._________________ visit(v.)拜访

n.参观者 __________

6.organize(v.)组织

n.团体______________ enjoy(v.)享受 n.__________ adj.令人愉快的__________ 8.long(adj)长的 n.长度__________ 9.attraction(n.)吸引；吸引游客的事物（或地方）v.吸引____________adj.吸引的_________

10.以下动词的过去式和过去分词

fly飞行__________ ________ drive驾驶__________ _________ ride骑________ _________

Unit 17 1.ability能力

adj._________

反义词__________ 2.failure失败

v_____________ 反义词___________ 3.fear害怕；恐惧

近义词_______ _______ _______ ________ 4.effective有效的n._______ v.________ 短语____________ 5.simple简单的；简朴的adv._________ v.______________ 6.think思考；认为

过去式&过去分词_______________ n._____ 7.polite 反义词__________

Unit 18(1)donate v.捐赠—(n.)________

(2)endanger v.使遭受危险—(adj.)_______

(3)exist v.存在—(n.)________

(4)hunt v.捕猎—(n.)_______猎人(5)disappear v.消失—(n.)________(6)legal adj.合法的—(反义)_______(7)terrible adj.可怕的；糟糕的—(adv.)________(8)organize v.组织—(n.)________（9）memory n.记忆（力）—(v.)_______

Unit19

1.limit 限制 v.____________限制的adj.____________限制 n.2.organize 组织v.____________组织 n.3.environment 环境 n.____________ 环境的 adj.____________ 环保地.adv.4.energy 能量 n.____________ 充满能量的 adj.5.consumption 消耗 n.____________消耗 v.6.pollution 污染 n.____________ 污染 v.____________污染的 adj.7.balance平衡n.v.____________平衡的 adj.____________平衡的饮食 8.advice 建议 n.____________ 建议 v.Unit 20 1.change 可变的adj.________

2.build 过去式 ________ 过去分词

________

3.power 有力量的adj ________ 无能的adj.________ 4.imagine 想象力n.________ develop 发展n.________ 发展中的adj.________ 发达的adj.________

6.satisfy 满意n.________

满意的adj..________

7.reason 有道理的n.________

Unit 21 1.nature n.自然 __________ adj._________ adv.2.2.fright n.害怕，恐惧

__________adj._________ adj.___________ vt.3.serious adj.严肃的，严重的__________ adv.4.terrible adj.糟糕的_________ adv.5.rescue n./vt.救援；援救 _________ n.6.threat n.威胁 __________ vt.7.bad adj.坏的 _________(比较级)_________(最高级)__________ v.(恶化)8.shock n./vt.(使)震惊

___________ adj.(令人震惊的)___________ adj.(感到震惊的)9.rebuild vt._________(过去式)_________(过去分词)10.condition n.条件____________ adj.Unit 22 2.represent

vt.代表,再赠送_______________ n.代表

3.mysterious adj.典型的，有代表性的adj.神秘的；

____________n.秘密，谜

4.historic

adj.有历史意义的__________________ n.历史，历史学 5.symbol

n.象征；符号；标志 _______________vt.象征；用符号表现 6.ignorance n.无知，愚昧

_________________adj.无知的；愚昧的； 7.wisdom

n.智慧，才智；明智 ________________ adj.明智的；聪明的； 8.forbid

vt.禁止；妨碍，阻止

过去式 ____________ 过去分词______________现在分词__________

Unit 23 1.improve v.(改善)________________ n.2.honesty n.(诚实), ___________________ adj.________________________ adv.3.harmonious adj.(和谐的)___________________adv.___________________________ n.4.unforgettable adj.(难以忘怀的)反义词___________________adj.______________________ v(动词的过去式和过去分词)____________________

___________________________ 5.peaceful adj.(和平的)

_________________ adv._______________________n.6.operation n.(手术；操作)_________________ n.(接线员)，______________ v.7.ring v.(打电话)

___________________(过去式)

__________________(过去分词)

Unit 24 attract 吸引（v.）

吸引人的(adj.)____________ 吸引的人或事物（n.）____________ interview 面试（v.）接受面试的人____________

面试官____________ build 过去式/过去分词____________ 重建____________ invent 发明(v.)发明家(n.)____________ 教育家____________ 导演____________ actress 女演员

男演员___________ 男侍应____________ 女侍应____________ create 创造(v.)有创造力的(adj.)____________ 创造者____________ beauty 漂亮(n.)漂亮的(adj.)____________ 使…变美(v.)____________ memory 记忆(n.)记住(v.)____________

第三篇：浅析英译汉翻译中词类转换技巧

浅析英译汉翻译中词类转换技巧

【摘要】英语作为一门国际语言和交流工具，随着我国国力的增加，已经在沟通和交流文化及商业中起到了举足轻重的作用。英语翻译中，需要了解两种语言的特点和形式，并利用一些技巧将文章通顺及合理地翻译。文中阐述了英译汉翻译过程中的词类转换技巧，就某些翻译中频频出现的问题结合具体实例进行了较为详尽的分析，这对于英译汉的翻译和英语更深层次的学习有重要意义。

【关键词】翻译原则 英译汉 词性转换

一、翻译原则及词类转换的含义

翻译是在准确，通顺的基础上，把一种语言信息转变成另一种语言信息的行为，翻译也是将一种相对陌生的表达方式转换成熟悉的表达方式的过程。翻译的主要标准：1.忠实。要忠实原文所要传达的信息，把原文的信息完整而准确地表达出来。2.通畅。译文规范，明白易懂，没有文理不通，结构混乱，逻辑不清的现象。

词类转换法是指在翻译过程中，根据译文语言的习惯进行相关的变换，不仅是指词类的转变，而且还包含词类功能的改变和一定词序的变换，英文和中文词类没有完全对应的关系，英语单词有词性变换，中文没有，大学英语中经常出现的词类转换是名词，介词词组，形容词转译为动词。

二、词类转换的技巧分析

英文翻译过程中，不少学生都将自己束缚在原文的语法结构、句型以及字数上，往往会出现“生搬硬套”翻译情况，使得译文的词组运动不当、语序不正确，很难将原文的含义表达出来。这些问题主要表现为译文的上下文连续性不强、没有达到语境要求以及死译等。所以，英文翻译时需要事先比较英文和中文的语言结构和表述习惯。其中，英语以形式为主，而中文则以含义为主。因此，在对这两种语言进行翻译时应根据语言的语言特征和逻辑性，尽量不要频繁对英文进行断句，否则将破坏英文的连贯性，还会降低文章的严谨性。除此之外，针对词类转换中出现的词性或词序变化问题，需要学生明确英文词汇间的关系。例如，英文单词词性的变化大都是通过词缀完成的，例如加前缀或后缀，从而产生不同的词性。而汉语通常都使用动词。对于这些差异，在翻译过程中必须要重视起来。

三、词类转换的类型

1.名词转换为动词。①表示直觉，感情，欲望的心里状态的形容词，如果做表语则在翻译是经常转换为动词，如confident，certain，careful，cautious，angry，sorry，ashamed，thankful，anxious，grateful，able等。例如：He is grateful for her help.译为：他很感激她的帮助。“grateful”由形容词“感激的”译为动词“感激”。②英语的构词法中，由动词转化来的名词一般有加前缀，后缀的方式。例如，-ment，-tion，-er….这时，由动词派生或者含有动词含义的名词在翻译时需要将名词转换为动词。例如：Robots have found application for the exploration of the universe.译为：机器人已经用来探索宇宙。注：如果这里的“application ”和“exploration”转化为动词后，就会使句子语句通顺。

2.名词转换为形容词。在英语中由形容词派生的名词翻译起来需要转化为形容词，否则会使语句不通顺。例如：The new design should offer greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place.译为：新的设计应该使地震频发的城市更为安全。注：这里的offer security由中的“security”翻译时由名词转化为形容词；如果字面意思译为“提供更大安全”，则不够地道，感觉很生硬。

3.形容词转换为副词。在英译汉中，通常将修饰名词的形容词译为副词。例如：You had better give them a quick glance during communication.译为：在沟通时，你最好飞快地瞥一眼他们。注：在原句中名词glance 由形容词quick修饰，需要在译文中转换为副词。

4.副词转换为形容词。在英译汉中，修饰英文动词的副词经常译为形容词。例如：We were most impressed by the fact that those patients were not in good condition.译为：给我们留下深刻印象的是，那些病人的身体状况不太好。

5.介词转换为动词。英语中常用介词表达动词的含义，翻译时需将介词译为动词。例如：While she is working，her feet are on the bench.译为：当她工作时，她的脚放在椅子上。注：这里 on the bench 是介词短语，需要译为“放在椅子上”的动词短语。

四、词类转换的注意事项

词类转换过程中需要注意：首先要尊重原著的意思，不能为了翻译的方便而破坏原文本意；其次要注意翻译词语和语境与文章上下文之间的联系，使读者阅读时能够清楚详尽。此外，在翻译过程中，需要保证翻译的通顺和精确，这是翻译的最基本原则和要求，也是成功翻译的条件。最后一点也是最重要的一点，翻译时需要将文章中的精髓进行一定的加工，使得作品在遵循原文的基础上能够更加贴近文学本身，能够让读者感受到理解文章基本内容的同时有可以学到的新的东西，无论是翻译技巧还是翻译的内容中包含的知识。不仅考验翻译的功底也同时使得翻译有更加有意义更加长远的发展。

五、结论

英文翻译中词性转换是最基本也是最常用的方法，上文结合例句介绍的五类词性转化的方法是英译汉翻译中最常见的五种，掌握这些会有助于翻译的成功。对于大学生甚至是研究生来说，把握词性转化的方法，做到举一反三，在此基础上，有良好的翻译思想做指导，不生搬硬套，注重意义的理解，通过上下文的贯通以及清晰的逻辑关系，会使文章翻译的更加顺畅，更容易理解，加深我们对英语原文的解读。

参考文献：

[1]程兵兵，佘波.从《实用英语》中看英译汉的基本方法和技巧[J].科技视界，2014，12：218-219.

第四篇：七年级词性转换

七年级词性转换

1.Shall we meet at the ______ to the Science Museum?(enter)

2._______, he passed the examination after years' hard work.(final)

3._______, Linda failed to pass the exam again.(luck)

4.He made a _______ flower to wish his best friend good _____.(luck)

5.___________.You're really an excellent athlete.(congratulate)

6.Work hard and you will ______ soon.(success)

7.If you want to be _______,you must work harder.(success)

8.With the help of the teacher, I passed the PE examination ______.(success)

9.The girls over there are new _______ at the restaurant.(wait)

10.It is _______ for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon.(possible)

11.I was watching the ______ broadcast of World Cup final at 2 yesterday.12.There are many tourist ________ in Italy.(attract)

13.She is an ________girl.(attract)

14.Brail has won the ___________ of the 2002 World Cup.(champion)

15.He has been in _______ for ten years so he can speak______very well.(Italy)

16.My favourite forward Ronaldo won the ______ Boot Award in 2002.(gold)

17.When my parents were young, they took an _______ part in sports.(act)

18.The audience were ______by the ________ story.(amuse)

19.Italy won the World Cup for the _____ time.(four)

20.He hopes to get a good job after______.(graduate)

21.The woman in blue is Mary's mother.She is a ______.(busy)

22.His father is a famous_______.(science)

23.My math teacher is _______（know）and_______.(social)

24.The restaurant is famous for its excellent______.(service)

25.It is _____ for an ordinary plane to fly into the space.(possible)

26.There is a ___ of four different colors.(choose)

27.Thomas Edison was a famous _______.The light bulb is one of his greatest _______ in the world.(invent)

28.We were greatly _______ at the news.(surprise)

29.We are ______ to hear the _______ news.(surprise)

30.To our great ______, she scored a goal.(surprise)

31.________, Danny passed his _______ examination.(final)

32.Just now our group had a _______ about how to keep healthy.(discuss)

33.He looked as ______as a sportsman.(athlete)

34.Now he knows the ________ of sports and a healthy diet.(important)

35.I've just read an ad about a ______camp.(fit)

36.____ is the mother of success.(fail)

37.His father is a famous ____.(science)

38.The _______ is very kind.He's donated much money to the poor.(million)

39.Mrs.Green asked the kids to help_____ to the food and drinks.(they)

40.Marie Curie won the Nobel Prize ______.(two)

41.Although Bill is a ______, he keeps working hard.(billion)

42.Next week a group of ______ will come to visit our school.(America)

43.Tomorrow will be my father's _______ birthday.We will give them a big surprise.(forty)

44.I think Lucy is too young to take care of ____.(she)

45.The care accident happened on the ____ of December.(twenty)

46.It is ______ for us to learn English well.(importance)

47.Jack is a ____.His job is to put out fire and save people from fire.(fire)

48.If you work hard, I won't be ___ about your study any more.(worry)

49.The students are having a _____ about where to go during summer holiday.(discuss)

50.Let's congratulate him on his great _____.(successful)

51.My uncle used to read ______ stories when he was young.52.My mother often ____ me to learn English well.(advice)

53.Professor Li ____ a wonderful speech at yesterday's meeting.(make)

54.Why not ______ some friends to the party?(invitation)

55.Please open your books and turn to page _____.Let's read the text.(twelfth)

56.The children enjoyed ______ very much in the park last Sunday.(they)

57.We sweep tombs to remember the _____ during Qing Ming Festival.58.We all know that Jinmao Building is one of the _____ building in the world.(high)

59.Are you going ______ or are you going to stay at home during the National Day holiday?

60.A lot of ____ visit Shanghai every day.(tour)

61.Could you tell me the _____ time?(arrive)

62.Hongqiao _______ Airport is far from my home.(nation)

63.That sound very _______.(attract)

64.I phoned my mum and told her I had arrived _____.(save)

65.Lilui phones a travel ______ about a package tour.(agency)

66.Hangzhou has many places of ____.You should go to West lake first.(interestiing)

67.It is too late to ____ the sick woman and she died soon.(safe)

68.There are forty students in my class,____ 18 boys.(include)

69.We can buy the tickets in the _____ office.(book)

70.Our teacher is _____ to us.(friend)

71.The people in Shanghai is ________ than before.(friend)

72.We should learn how to _____ money.(safely)

73.I am worried about the ______ of the children.(safe)

74.Is it a ____ place to swim?(safely)

75.You can travel by coach, underground and light rail.________ you can also travel by maglev.(beside)

76.The Bund ,Jinmao Building ,Yu Garden are the famous _____.(tour)

77.I am your ________ guide, let me show the _______ guide to you.(tour)

78.He comes from _______.(British)

79.It is ______ to swim in the swimming pool than in the river.(save)

80.It is about ten _______ walk to the bus stop.(minute)

81.Our school has a ______ of about 50 years.(history)

82.There are many places of ________ interest in Shanghai.(history)

83.If you visit the Place Museum, you can learn a lot about Chinese _______.84.I want to book a _______ tour to Beijing.(tour)

85.The weather here is _______.(change)

86.Collecting stamps is my ________ hobby.(favour)

87._______ he has read a lot of story books.88.I can _____believe my eyes that he works so _____.(hard)

89.We should study hard to make our country _______.(power)

90.I am ____ sorry that i didn't tell you the _______.(true)

91.At the ________ of the class, we sang an English song.(begin)

92.Have you received the ______ from Mary to her birthday party?(invite)

93.I have never read such an interesting book since my _____.(child)

94.I surf the Internet _____ a week.(two)

95.Mr.Smith moved to a new flat in a high-rise.It is on the _______floor.(thirteen)

96.Sherlock Holmes is a ______ story.(detect)

97.Everyone must plant more and more trees to make our city _____.(green)

98.This is a _____ chair.(wood)

99.The government has decided to ______ the streets.(wide)

100.-Thank you very much.-It's my _______.(please)

101.They had a _______ time at the party.(wonder)

102.We should stop the people from _____ tress at will.(cut)

103.March the _____ is Tree Planting Day.(twenty)

104.Don't be late again.Please come to school _____ next time.(early)105.You can find many ancient _____ in Beijing.(build)

106.This is my _____ times to listen to a concert.(two)

107.It is doctor's duty to make sick people ______.(good)

108.Ten minutes _____, he came into the meeting room hurriedly.(late)

109.What _______ are you going to have for your New Year's party？（act）110.Yesterday, I bought some _____ for my mom.(scarf)

111.The English and Dutch were very _______ to God.(thank)

112.The pair of shoes is too _______.I won't take it.113.You can try the new coat o in the _____ room.(change)

114.What about ______ lantern display?(watch)

115.Susan collected the information from ______ with Zhang Wei.(chat)116.Spring Festival is our _______ Chinese Festival.(tradition)

117.On National Day we have a lot of ______.(celebrate)

118.Good _______ has a good end.(begin)

119.What's your _______? I am American.120.As a doctor, the most important thing is to save the patients' _____.(life)121.What's the _____ of your flat?(locate)

122.We should make a _______ at once now.(choose)

123.I was very _______ by her _________ story.(move)

124.Now there are more and more modern _______ estate in Shanghai.(house)125.Let's make a ________ list before we go to the supermarket, shall we?(shop)126.I can't hear you ______.Please say it again.(clear)

127.The air in the country is much______ than that in the city.(fresh)

128.The _______ were happy to see the great changes in their hometown.(visit)129.The weather is often _____ in Britain.(fog)

130.The Wangs ________ to live in a small house.(use)

第五篇：初中英语词性转换

n..act, action anger attention back beauty business care change cheer cleaning clearness collection correction completeness danger death difference excitement

extent, extension fall fear full fool fight fright gladness goodness greed happiness harm heat help height hesitation honesty hope hunger hurry interest invitation joy

kindness

v.act

attendcare change cheer clean clear collect correct complete endanger die differ excite extend fall fear full fool fight frighten

harm heat help

hesitatehope

hurry interest invite enjoy

adj.active angry attentive back beautiful busy careful changeable cheerful clean clear collective correct complete dangerous

dead,dying,deadly different

exciting, excited extensive falling, fallen fearful full foolish fighting

frightful,frightened glad good greedy happy harmful hot helpful high hesitant honest hopeful hungry hurried

interesting,interested inviting joyful

kind, kindly

adv.Active Angrily attentively back

beautifully busily carefully

cheerfully

clearly collectively correctly completely dangerously deadly differently excitedly extensively

fearfully fully foolishly

frightfully gladly well greedily happily harmfully hotly helpfully high

hesitantly honestly hopefully hungrily hurriedly interestedly invitingly joyfully kind

v.add advise answer apologize arrive award begin breathe brush build call carry choose cook copy cost cough cove cry dance decide discover discuss draw dream dress drink drop end enter excuse explain fail feel fish fly inform invent land laugh mail matter

n.addition anvice answer apology arrival award beginning breath brush building call carriage choice cooking copy cost cough cover cry

dance, dancing decision discovery discussion drawing dream

dress, dressing drink drop end entrance excuse

explaination failurefeelings fish, fishing flight

information invention land laugh mail matter

last life loss love luck need opening past person pleasure pollution possibility post,postage pride rain reality relaxation round sadness safety silence situation sleep smile snow success surprise talk taste thanks tradition truth union use

welcome width wonder work worry wound

last live lost lovelyneed open pass

please pollutepostrain realize relax roundsave

situate sleep smile snow succeed surprise talk taste thanktrust unite use

welcome widen wonder work worry wound

last

living, lively

lucky necessary open, opening past personal

pleasant, pleased polluted possible postal proud rainy real

relaxing, relaxant round sad safe silent situational

asleep, sleepy, sleeping

smiling snowy successful

talkative tasteful thankful traditional true united useful welcome wide

wonderful working worried wounded

last lively

luckily necessarily openly past

personally pleasantly

possibly

proudly

really

round，around

safely silently

asleep smilingly

successfully

tastefully thankfully traditionally truly

usefully

widely

wonderfully

worriedlymean meet notice operate organize paint pay perform plan point practise pronounce read recite record report return ring rob run say see sell serve step shop show sing smell smoke sound speak stay stop store study swim telephone typemeaning

meet, meeting notice operation organization paint, painting pay

performce plan point practice

pronunciation reading recitation record report return ring robbery run, running saying

seeing,sight sale service step

shop, shopping show

singing,song smell

smoke, smoking sound speech stay store store study

swim, swimming telephone type