第一篇:高三语文 错题扫尾卷十二
高三语文 错题扫尾卷十二
战国末年一位思想家说过,孔子死后,“儒分为八”。其实儒家学派并没有分裂到这样多,逻辑地说来,也不可能有那么多。事实大概是,*自孔子卒后,七十子之徒,散游诸侯,大者为师傅卿相,小者友教士大夫,或隐而不见”;真正能“遵夫子之业而润色之,以学显于当世”者,只有“孟子、荀卿之列”而已。
儒家学说早期发展的主要脉络大抵如此。但是我们一直缺乏足够的资料来描绘它的细部。一些传世的文献,由于年代不能敲定,也不敢贸然使用。于是,一个很重要学说的重要阶段,多年来始终若明若暗,令人徒唤奈何。
谁也不会料到,事情竟在今天出现了转机。
初步阅读了郭店楚简后可以认定,其中14篇儒家经典,正是由孔子向孟子过渡时期的学术史料,是向内探寻人心人性的开始,儒家早期心性说的轮廓,便隐约显现其中,实在是一份天赐的珍宝。
例如,大家都知道,孟子道性善,言必称仁义。但孔子并不曾如此,孔子只是说“性相近也”,只是谈仁,很少谈义。这一重要的差距,是怎样跨越过来的,过去大家都不清楚,因为孔孟之间的170年,很少有文献流传下来。而现在的这批郭店楚简,恰恰向人们提示了这一跨越的轨迹。
楚简上说:“好恶,性也;所好所恶,物也。善不善,性也;所善所不善,势也。”这是说,人性能好能恶,有善有不善;其所好所恶所善所不善,乃由外物和形势所引发。这便是介乎孔孟之间的一个过渡观念。它从性相近也出发,但还未达到人性皆善的地步,只是相信有善有不善。而相信人性有善有不善,也许与某些局部事实可以相安,但却无异于承认,有一部分人,是天生不可救药的。这与儒家的总体精神便有了抵牾,也与孔子的“性相近也”有所背离。所以,这一观念,在后来的儒家中成不了气候,而被孟子所扬弃。
仁义观念的发展更为清楚。据记载孔子语录的《论语》显示,孔子谈仁的段落,不下五十处,谈义的段落,不下二十处;而并提仁义或对言仁义的地方,竟连一处也没有。如果打开《孟子》,情况便完全两样,那里几乎随时都能碰到“仁义”那样的段落。此中的变化,也要靠郭店楚简来架设桥梁。
仁者,爱人。作为道德范畴,仁所要求的是爱,是泛爱众。或者叫博爱。而有爱势必有恨,孔子是懂得这一点的,所以他说:“唯仁者能好人,能恶人。”能好人,是爱;能恶人,便是恨。孔子强调,唯有仁者,方可做到爱所当爱,恨所当恨。这意味着,不仁者,不仅不知爱人,也不能准确地恨人;这个标准是悬得很高的。同时,孔子这句话还意味着,仁者不仅要去爱人,而且还要能去恨人,否则也够不上仁者的资格;这个要求当然也是很严的。
要能全面掌握和体会孔子纳入仁者的这种双重要求,看来绝非易事。此后的事实是,由于普及孔子思想的必要,以及理论本身的逻辑发展,遂使得仁者内部的双重规定两极化为外部的对立,而由两个范畴来并立表示,那就是“仁”和“义”。这一点,在郭店楚简中开始出现。
郭店楚简的多篇文字中,都用仁、义对举的句子,来宣扬儒家思想。其所谓的“义”基本的含义便是孔子所要求的那个“能恶人”,准确点说,是能恶不仁的人,有所谓“唯恶不仁为近义”之说。其仁义对举者,有“仁,内也;义,外也”、“仁生于人,义生于道”、“仁为可亲也,义为可尊也”、“恶之而不可非者,达于义者也;非之而不可恶者,笃于仁者也”,等等之类。
这样的以义为恶、以义为外的说法,既为此前的孔子所未曾言,也为此后的孟子所不能容;而唯其如此,它正好便是孔孟之间的驿站,便成了连接两大高峰的索桥。我们知道,孟子是明确反对义外说的,也不简单地认为义便是恶。但是,孟子的思想却明显带有从郭店楚简蜕变出来的痕迹。譬如孟子说仁是人心、义是人路,说恻隐之心是仁之端,羞恶之心是义之端;便是以义为外为恶思想的继承和发展。
此外,在天、命、性、心、情、道诸方面,都还有许多蛛丝马迹可循,都能看出儒学怎样一步步从孔子走向孟子,由于过分专门,这里就不谈了。有兴趣的朋友,读读《郭店楚墓竹简》,自能心领神会。1.下列说法不属
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(波兰)布鲁诺·舒尔茨
黄色的冬日来了,充满厌烦。雪像一条磨得露出织纹的旧桌布,尽是窟窿,铺在铁锈色的大地上。桌布不够大,有些屋顶没有盖住,这些屋顶就这样屹立在那里,黑色和棕色,木瓦顶和茅草顶,它们像一艘艘方舟,控制着像汪洋大海似的被煤烟熏黑的顶楼——漆黑的大教堂,布满肋骨似的椽子、梁和桁梁——黑黢黢的冬天的阵风的肺。白天寒冷而叫人腻烦,硬邦邦的,像去年的面包。人开始用钝刀切这种面包,毫无食欲,带着懒洋洋的冷漠神情。
父亲不出去了,他封起一个个炉子。他越来越同实际的事务隔得远了。我母亲对他的情况感到担心和不快,试图引他谈谈事情,谈谈月底该付的帐单,这时候,他心不在焉地听着她讲话,迷惘的神情中流露出苦恼。那时候,我们并不知道这些古怪的举动叫人悲伤的根源,可悲的情结正在他的心里成长。
母亲对他没有一点影响,但是他却恭敬地对待女仆阿德拉。对他来说,他的房间的打扫是一个伟大而重要的仪式;他一直作好安排,好亲眼看到这个仪式,带着既恐惧又喜悦的兴奋感觉注视着阿德拉的全部动作。他认为她的一切作用有更深的象征意义。那个姑娘用年轻而坚决的姿势把一把长柄刷在地板上推动的时候,父亲简直受不了。眼泪从他的眼睛里淌下来,无声的笑扭歪了他的脸,一阵阵的喜悦使他的身子直打哆嗦。因为这个原因,阿德拉摆布父亲的力量几乎是没有限度的。
那时候,我们第一次注意到父亲对动物的强烈的兴趣。一开头,这是一种猎人和艺术家浑为一体的爱好。只是在较后的阶段,情况才发生离奇、复杂、完全邪恶和反自然的变化,这种变化还是不公开的好。
一切都是从孵鸟蛋开始的。
父亲花了许多精力和钱财,从汉堡,或者荷兰,或者非洲的动物研究所进口种种鸟蛋;他用比利时进口母鸡孵这些蛋。这件事情也把我迷住了——这件蛋里孵出小鸟的事情,这些是色彩和形状真正稀奇古怪的玩意儿。他从一无所有中变出那些瞎眼的、跳动着生命的小不点儿,那些虚弱的肚子只是以接受食物的形式去接受身外的世界,那些眼睛被蒙住的、处在生活表层的生物向亮光爬去。几个礼拜后,那些瞎眼的小东西一下子长大了:一个个房间里充满新住户的欢快的叽叽喳喳的声音和生气勃勃的啾啾声。那些鸟歇在窗帘框上,衣橱顶上:它们在一盏盏吊灯的错综复杂的镀锡枝条和金属旋涡形装饰中间做窝。
我尤其记得有一只秃鹰,一只巨大的鸟,脖子上没有羽毛,脸上尽是皱纹和疙瘩。它像一个憔悴的苦行者,一个喇嘛,一举一动充满沉着的庄严;这是受它的伟大的种类的刻板的礼仪所指引的。它坐在我父亲对面的时候,一动也不动,姿势像永恒的埃及偶像的纪念碑。它的身子和肌肉似乎是用同样的材料做成的;它有同样粗硬的、皱巴巴的皮肤,同样脱水的、瘦骨嶙峋的脸,同样角质的、深深的眼袋。甚至拿手来说吧,我父亲的长长、厚厚的有圆滚滚的指甲的手,关节强健,同秃鹰的爪子也非常相似。我望着那似睡非睡的秃鹰的时候,总是禁不住产生这样的印象:我同一个木乃伊在一起——我父亲的去掉了水分的、干缩的木乃伊。
然而,经过一个短短的辉煌的时期,整个事业却发生了叫人遗憾的转变。
不久以后,就不得不把父亲搬到顶屋那两间做过贮藏室的房间里去了。黎明时刻,我们能听到那里传来各种鸟叫混合成一片,造成惊天动地的响声。有几个礼拜,见不到父亲的踪影。他只是难得下楼,走进住房。不过,他下楼的时候,我们注意到他似乎干瘪了,已经变得比较瘦小。他偶尔走神,会从桌旁的椅子上站起身来,摆动两条胳膊,好像胳膊是翅膀似的,接着发出一声很长的鸟叫,那时候,他的两只眼睛上像蒙上一层薄翳似的。接下来,他显得相当困窘,会跟我们一起哈哈大笑,把事情应付过去,试图把整个事情变成开玩笑。
有一天,春季大扫除,阿德拉突然出现在父亲的鸟的王国中。她闻到房间里充满着恶臭,就站在门口,扭着双手;地板上,桌子上和椅子上,滴满了一堆堆鸟屎。她毫不犹豫,猛地推开一扇窗,靠着一柄长扫把的帮助,把所有的鸟都搅得活动起来。一个由羽毛和翅膀形成的吓人的云团升起来了,发出一阵阵尖叫;阿德拉却像酒神巴克斯的怒气冲天的女祭司那样,在酒神那根手杖发出的旋风保护下,跳着毁灭的舞蹈。我父亲惊慌失措地摆动两条胳膊,试图同他的那一群扁毛动物一起飞到空中去。那个翅膀形成的云团缓慢地越来越稀疏;直到最后,只有阿德拉同我父亲留在战场上;阿德拉精疲力竭,气喘吁吁;我父亲呢,这会儿显出羞愧的表情,准备接受彻头彻尾的失败。过了一会儿,我父亲下楼来——一个绝望的人,一个失去了王位和王国的流亡的国王。5.概括第一段所写的景物的特点并简析景物描写的作用。(4分)
6.联系上下文,指出“叫人悲伤的根源”是什么。(2分)
7.概括女仆阿德拉的人物形象并简析其作用。(4分)
8.文章的主人公是“父亲”,却以“鸟”为题,你觉得是不是合适,请说明原因。(4分)
9.联系全文,探究文末“一个绝望的人,一个失去了王位和王国的流亡的国王”的涵义。(6分)
6.本文明确了学与悟的定义,并阐明了两者的相互关系,即学是一种从无到有,从少到多的知识增加过程,而悟则是在此基础上的联想以期得到一个共通的、普遍的真理,学和悟是人类知性活动的两个阶段。5.(1)颓败、压抑;(1分)
(2)①营造氛围,奠定阴郁的情感基调②交代父亲生活的环境,揭示人与人之间疏离的关系③为父亲与世俗格格不入的表现作铺垫(3分)
6.①父亲逃避现实世界,转而到鸟的王国里寻找自己的精神世界,越来越同实际的事务隔得远了②世人对父亲并不理解(2分)
7.(1)勤劳、强悍、致力于维护正常秩序的劳动妇女的形象。(1分)
(2)①反衬父亲的形象②她的出现把小说推向高潮,使上下文相照应③父亲最尊敬的人却一手毁灭了父亲的精神世界,深化主旨,加深故事的悲剧意味。(3分,答到一点给一分,答到两点即给满分)
8.①鸟具有推动故事情节发展的作用②文中鸟的描写,即是已变形的父亲的生动写照③鸟的世界是父亲渴望与追求的精神世界的象征(4分,一点两分,答到两点即给满分,其他原因,言之成理的话酌情给分)9.①父亲是完全进入了鸟的世界,在那里他就像是一位国王,掌管着鸟的一切,从而获得自己的价值和尊严。
②父亲希望到鸟的世界里去追求自己的精神世界,但他的“王国”被他所尊敬的人无情地摧毁,他重重地跌回残酷的现实。
③父亲的痛苦不为世人理解、同情,鸟的王国被捣毁,父亲全部生命的希望也随之消散。
一片叶子落下来 [美]利奥·巴斯卡利亚
春天已经过去,夏天也这样走了。叶子弗雷迪长大了。他长得又宽又壮,五个叶尖结实挺拔。春天的时候,他还是个初生的小嫩芽,从一棵大树树顶的大枝上冒出头来。
弗雷迪的身旁有成百上千的叶子,看起来都跟他一模一样—。不过,他很快就发现没有两片叶子是真的一样的,尽管大家都长在同一棵树上。弗雷迪的左边是阿弗烈,右边的叶子是班,他的头顶上是那个可爱的女孩子是克莱。他们一起长大,学会了在春风吹拂时跳跳舞,在夏天懒洋洋地晒晒太阳,偶然来一阵清凉的雨就洗个干干净净的澡。
弗雷迪最好的朋友是丹尼尔。他是这根树枝上最大的叶子,好像在别的叶子都还没来的时候就先长出来了。弗雷迪还觉得丹尼尔是最聪明的。丹尼尔告诉大家说,他们都是大树的一部分,说他们生长在公园里,说大树有强壮的根深深埋在地底下。早上飞来枝头上唱歌的小鸟、天上的星星月亮和太阳,还有季节的变化,不管什么东西,丹尼尔都有一套道理解释。
弗雷迪觉得当叶子真好。他喜欢他的树枝、他轻盈的叶子朋友、他高高挂在天上的家、把他推来推去的风、晒得他暖洋洋的太阳,还有在他身上洒下温柔洁白身影的月亮。
夏天特别好。他喜欢漫长炎热的白天,而温暖的黑夜最适合做梦。那年夏天,公园里来了许多人,他们都来到弗雷迪的树下,坐在那里乘凉。
丹尼尔告诉他,给人遮阴是叶子的目的之一。“什么叫目的?”弗雷迪问。“就是存在的理由嘛!”丹尼尔回答。“让别人感到舒服,这是个存在的理由。为老人遮阴,让他们不必躲在炎热的屋子里,也是个存在的理由。让小孩子们有个凉快的地方可以玩耍,用我们的叶子为树下野餐的人扇风,这些,都是存在的目的啊!”
弗雷迪最喜欢老人了。他们总是静静坐在清凉的草地上,几乎动也不动。他们喃喃低语,追忆过去的时光。小孩子也很好玩,虽然他们有时会在树皮上挖洞,或是刻下自己的名字,不过,看到小孩子跑得那么快,那么爱笑,还是很过瘾。
但是弗雷迪的夏天很快就过完了。就在十月的一个夜里,夏天突然消失。弗雷迪从来没有这么冷过,所有的叶子都冷得发抖。一层薄薄的白色东西披在他们身上,太阳出来就马上融化,变成晶莹的露水,搞得大家全身湿漉漉的。
又是丹尼尔告诉他们:他们刚经历生平第一次霜降。表示秋天到了,冬天也不远了。
转瞬之间,整棵树,甚至整个公园,全染上了浓艳的色彩,几乎找不到绿色的叶子。阿弗烈变成深黄色,班成了鲜艳的橙色,克莱是火红色,丹尼尔是深紫,弗雷迪自己则是半红半蓝,还夹杂着金黄。多么美丽啊!弗雷迪和他的朋友把整棵树变成如彩虹一般。
“我们都在同一棵树上,为什么颜色却各不相同呢?”弗雷迪问道。“我们一个一个都不一样啊!我们的经历不一样,面对太阳的方向不一样,投下的影子不一样,颜色当然也会不一样。”丹尼尔用他那“本来就是这样”的一贯口吻回答,还告诉弗雷迪,这个美妙的季节叫做秋天。
有一天,发生了奇怪的事。以前,微风会让他们起舞,但这一天,风儿却扯着叶梗推推拉拉,像是生气了似的。结果,有些叶子从树枝上被扯掉了,卷到空中,刮来刮去,最后轻轻掉落在地面上。
所有叶子都害怕了起来。“怎么回事?”他们喃喃地你问我,我问你。“秋天就是这样。”丹尼尔告诉他们,“时候到了,叶子该搬家了。有些人把这叫做死。”“我们都会死吗?”弗雷迪问。“是的。”丹尼尔说。“任何东西都会死。无论是大是小是强是弱。我们先做完该做的事。我们体验太阳和月亮、经历风和雨。我们学会跳舞、学会欢笑。然后我们就要死了。”“我不要死!”弗雷迪斩钉截铁地说。“你会死吗,丹尼尔?”“嗯。”丹尼尔回答,“时候到了,我就死了。”“那是什么时候?”弗雷迪问。“没有人知道会在哪一天。”丹尼尔回答。
弗雷迪发现其他叶子不断在掉落。他想:“一定是他们的时候到了。”他看到有些叶子在掉落前和风挣扎厮打,有些叶子只是把手一放,静静地掉落。
很快地,整棵树几乎都空了。“我好怕死。”弗雷迪向丹尼尔说,“我不知道下面有什么。” “面对不知道的东西,你会害怕,这很自然。”丹尼尔安慰着他,“但是,春天变夏天的时候,你并不害怕。夏天变秋天的时候,你也不害怕。这些都是自然的变化。为什么要怕死亡的季节呢?”
“我们的树也会死吗?”弗雷迪问。
“总有一天树也会死的。不过还有比树更强的,那就是生命。生命永远都在,我们都是生命的一部分。” “我们死了会到哪儿去呢?” “没有人知道,这是个大秘密!” “春天的时候,我们会回来吗?”
“我们可能不会再回来了,但是生命会回来。”
“那么这一切有什么意思呢?”弗雷迪继续问,“如果我们反正是要掉落、死亡,那为什么还要来这里呢?”
丹尼尔用他那“本来就是这样”的一贯口吻回答,“是为了太阳和月亮,是为了大家一起的快乐时光,是为了树荫、老人和小孩子,是为了秋天的色彩,是为了四季,这些还不够吗?”
那天下午,在黄昏的金色阳光中,丹尼尔放手了,他毫无挣扎地走了。掉落时,他似乎还安详地微笑着。“暂时再见了,弗雷迪。”他说。然后就剩弗雷迪一个了,他是那根树枝仅存的一片叶子。
第二天清早,下了头一场雪。雪非常柔软、洁白,但是冷得不得了。那天几乎没有一点阳光,白天也特别短。弗雷迪发现自己的颜色褪了,变得干枯易碎。一直都好冷,雪压在身上感觉好沉重。凌晨,一阵风把弗雷迪带离了他的树枝。一点也不痛,他感觉到自己静静地温和地柔软地飘下。
往下掉的时候,他第一次看到了整棵树,多么强壮、多么牢靠的树啊!他很确定这棵树还会活很久,他也知道自己曾经是它生命的一部分,感到很骄傲。
弗雷迪落在雪堆上。雪堆很柔软,甚至还很温暖。在这个新位置上他感到前所未有的舒适,他闭上眼睛,睡着了。他不知道,冬天过了春天会来,也不知道雪会融化成水。他不知道,自己看来干枯无用的身体,会和雪水一起,让树更强壮。尤其,他不知道,在大树和土地里沉睡的,是明年春天新叶的生机。
摘自《一片叶子落下来》
第二篇:语文高三下学期考前冲刺小卷十二 Word版含答案
冲刺小卷十二
一、语言文字运用
1.依次填入下列各句横线处的成语,最恰当的一组是(3分)
①一旦独立地投入严峻的生活,生的浪漫情调很快就
。②想到众兄弟就要,他不免一番悲戚。
③偌大的城市想找个人,如同,今天竟在街头无意中碰上了。
④以雪填井,画饼充饥,种种愚昧无知的行为无异于
。A.风流云散
烟消云散
海底捞针
海底捞月 B.烟消云散
风流云散
海底捞月
海底捞针 C.烟消云散
风流云散
海底捞针
海底捞月 D.风流云散
烟消云散
海底捞月
海底捞针
2.下列各句中,没有语病、句意明确的一句是(3分)
A.许多水果具有药用功效,例如大家都很熟悉的柠檬中含有柠檬酸、柠檬多酚及维生素C等成分就都有抑制血小板聚集的作用。
B.车辆假如万一在高速公路上发生事故,交通部门要及时在规定位置设置警告标志,以防止二次事故的发生。
C.节日临近,商家打折促销,减价的标牌随处可见,三折、四折、甚至五折,平日里价格不菲的商品此时显得格外诱人。
D.“记得绿罗裙,处处怜芳草”这两句诗,何以具有不朽的艺术魅力?原因之一,是它在读者心中营造了“甜美的忧郁”这种境界。
3.下列交际用语使用不得体的一项是(3分)
A.尊敬的张老师,非常感谢您能在百忙之中光临寒舍家访,我感激涕零!B.你的舞蹈跳得真的很棒,本最佳舞蹈演员桂冠,看来是非你莫属了!C.您的鼎力相助使我获得比赛的成功,送您一点礼品以示感谢,敬请笑纳!D.这件事很重要,我还要继续考虑一下,请留步,过段时间再来向您请教!4.依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句,衔接最恰当的一组是(3分)
大师遗留下的巨大精神财富,__________,___________,__________,__________。__________。勇敢地承担起他们未尽的责任,这将是我们对大师最好的缅怀与纪念。
①只闻大师之名,不读大师之书,将是我们这个时代的悲哀
②比之大师孤独的“存在”,更有意义的乃是其智慧成果适时转化为普世价值
③不应该从此成为尘封的历史
④以此推动我们的民族、文明一路前行
⑤而必须经由我们之手推广普及、弘扬传承
A.⑤①④②③ B.③①②⑤④
C.③⑤②④① D.⑤③②④①
5.请在下面一段文字横线处补写恰当的语句,使整段文字语意完整连贯,内容贴切,逻辑严密。每处不超过12个字。(6分)
不管是语文教学还是其他功课的教学,都不是像交付一件东西那么便当
①,你收到了,东西就在你手里了,这就触及教学上的根本问题:在教学活动中,②
?叶圣陶先生的看法是,“各种学科的教学都一样,无非是教师帮着学生学习的一串过程”。换句话说,教学,教学,就是教师教会学生怎么学。主要不是把现成的知识教给学生,③,学生就可以受用一辈子。在这个问题上,有一句精辟的话,已经众口传诵,那就是:授人以鱼,不如授人以渔。
①
②
③
二、名句名篇默写
6.补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。
(1)
。鬓微霜,又何妨!(苏轼《江城子·密州出猎》)
(2)阴风怒号,浊浪排空;,山岳潜形。(范仲淹《岳阳楼记》)
(3)位卑则足羞。(韩愈《师说》)
(4)青泥何盘盘。(李白《蜀道难》)(5)沉吟放拨插弦中。(白居易《琵琶行》)
(6)钉头磷磷。(杜牧《阿房宫赋》)(7)兄弟阋于墙。(《诗经•棠棣》)(8)艰难困苦。(《新唐书》)
三、古诗词鉴赏
7、阅读下面一首诗歌,然后回答问题。
与东吴生相遇
韦庄
十年身事各如萍,白首相逢泪满缨。老去不知花有态,乱来唯觉酒多情。贫疑陋巷春偏少,贵想豪家月最明。且对一尊开口笑,未衰应见泰阶平。
⑴首联刻画了一位什么样的诗人形象?(3分)
⑵这首诗的第三联“贫疑陋巷春偏少,贵想豪家月最明”运用了什么表现手法?请简要赏析。(4分)
⑶作者在这首诗中流露出哪些思想感情?请作简要概括。(4分)
四、现代文阅读
中国的孝道 朱大可
①有这样一则“公益广告”:一位年轻母亲睡前给母亲端水洗脚,幼子为此深受感动,遂端来一盆热水要给自己的母亲洗脚。洗脚、下跪和磕头的闹剧,从旧帝国一直上演到民国,始终没有终止的迹象,只是在“新文化运动”之后,它逐渐遭到人们的唾弃。但今天,在道德全面滑坡的背景下,那些发霉的旧风俗开始卷土重来,成为转型中国的“亮丽风景”。
②但国人的孝道传统,往往表演甚于实绩。目前的种种亲情表演不过是这种“秀孝传统”的变种而已。在所谓“亲情经济”的浪潮中,母亲节被强大的市场之手弄成了鲜花节或蛋糕节,面临着被庸俗化的厄运。美式文化的渐染,又让很多年轻人怀着崇拜心理,模仿西式传统,把示爱当作时髦,把表演当作品位。
③中国封建社会的孝道,无非是专制主义在家庭结构中的映射。它从未承载过真正的爱与亲情,而仅仅重申长辈对晚辈的微观权力。它拒绝家庭成员的人际平等,无视晚辈的人格尊严,进而摧毁主体的独立建构,由此导致服从性和工具性人格的茁壮成长。
④如何阐释“孝”的含义,这无疑是问题的关键所在。儿女跟父母的关系,首先应当建立在人格平等的价值观上,任何一种下跪和磕头的行径,只能把“孝”引向“顺”,也即表达谦卑和顺服的语义。这种所谓孝道,背离了自由、平等和博爱的人本主义价值基线,跟爱没有任何本质性关联。
⑤母亲节源于希腊,人们借此向奥林匹斯山上的众神之母赫拉致意;现代母亲节则源于一名叫做安娜•贾维斯的美国女士,她力主设立纪念日来劝慰那些在战争中丧子的母亲,同时创立母亲节来表彰全球母亲的伟大成就。全世界的儿女都知道,我们应在这一特殊的节日里重申母爱的伟大,对母亲报以更为炽热恒久的情感:学会倾听她们的教诲,尊重她们的抉择,跟她们成为最亲密的朋友,并学会在她们老去之后,照料其衰弱的身体和安慰其孤寂的灵魂。但这绝不意味着我们必须以下跪和磕头来表演各类滑稽的“孝行”。母亲珍爱并引为自豪的,不是那些磕头虫和软脚蟹,而是有尊严地站着的孩子。(有删改)
8.请概括本文的论述思路。(6分)
9.文章第②段中“变种”的表现有哪些?(6分)
10.从全文看,作者认为真正的“孝”应当是什么样的?(6分)
【用心积累】 ●成语纠错:
1.我们时常留心书店里有关市场经济理论的新书预告,却视而不见这方面书籍的出版。
视而不见:看见了同没有看见一样。形容不关心,不注意。句中误解为“没有”。2.歌咏比赛成绩公布,张莉听到自己惨遭淘汰的消息,如醍醐灌顶,站在那里憋了半天气。
醍醐灌顶:醍醐,纯酥油,由牛乳提炼;灌:浇;顶:头顶。佛教用以比喻灌输智慧,使人得到启发和彻悟。也比喻感到清凉舒适。
3.这次错误虽然不很严重,但如果认为它不足为训,不引以为戒,以后就会吃大亏的。
不足为训:训,法则。不值得作为遵循或仿效的法则。“错误”不可能成为“法则”。句中把“训”误解为“教训”。
4.告别时,他非要送我几块高档衣料不可,真是大方之家。
大方之家:大方,大道理。懂得大道理的人。后泛指见识广博或学有专长的人。句中把“大方”误解为不吝啬。
【美文欣赏】
四
一位教师,教的是一群患有先天性残疾的孩子。
一次,她讲到“幸福”这个词的时候,忽然顿住了,因为,她不知道该怎样向这些不幸的孩子们诠释这个美好的字眼,从小到大,他们似乎根本就没有过关于幸福的体验。
后来,这位聪明的教师将孩子们分成面对面的两组,一组是失明的孩子,一组是聋哑的孩子。在她的引导下,失明的孩子说,最期盼的事是见到阳光;聋哑的孩子打手语说,最渴望的事是听到声音。通过她的传递,两组孩子互换了答案,于是,孩子们终于知道了什么叫“幸福”。
我想,这位教师简直就是一位伟大的天使!而这群孩子也是幸运的,他们在天使的指引下,真切地体悟到了人生中最宝贵的真谛一一幸福其实并不遥远,它既在你的对面,也在你的身边。而最重要的一点是:每个人都有自己的幸福!
第三篇:易错题过关卷
易错题过关卷
一、认真审题,填一填,圈一圈,涂一涂。
(第6小题9分,其余每空3分,共45分)1.15的个位上是(),十位上是()。个位上是2,十位上比个位上少1的数是()。
2.最大的一位数是(),最小的两位数是(),它们的和是
(),它们的差是()。
3.从2数到9,一共数了()个数。
4.比16大,比19小的数是()和()。
5.两个相同的数相加的和是12,这两个数都是()。一个数减去6等于6,这个数是()。
6.(1)一共有()只兔子。
(2)把右边的3只兔子圈起来,从左边数,把第5只涂上颜色。
二、仔细推敲,选一选。
(将正确答案的序号填在括号里)(每小题4分,共24分)
1.在下面三个数中,最接近9的是()。
① 7
② 10
③ 19
2.从0开始,2个2个地数,数()次正好是10。
① 5
② 6
③ 10
3.乐乐和欢欢分的蛋糕同样多,()剩的蛋糕多。
① 乐乐
② 欢欢
③ 无法确定
4.大于12小于18的数有()个。
① 5
② 6
③ 7
5.<18,里可以填()个数。
① 17
② 18
③ 19
6.如图,小明用()手拿着书。
① 左
② 右
三、把算式按得数从小到大的顺序排一排。
(12分)_______________________________________________________
四、我会解决有趣的生活问题。
(共19分)1.有几节车厢在2号隧道里?(9分)
2.淘淘的前面有几人?(10分)
答案
一、1.5 1 12
2.9 10 19 1
3.8
4.17 18
5.6 12
6.(1)9
(2)
二、1.②
2.②
3.① 【点拨】因为乐乐和欢欢分的蛋糕同样多,乐乐吃的少些,剩下的蛋糕就多些。
4.①
5.② 【点拨】0~17都小于18,0~17有18个数。
6.②
三、12-2<10+5-4<10-2+5<8+9
四、1.15-10-1=4
2.12-2-1=9
【点拨】总人数减去淘淘后面的2人再减去淘淘等于淘淘前面的人数。
第四篇:2014高三错题集-1
2014高三单选错题选-12013.10.25
1.It’s too messy in your room.Look, by the washing machine ______a pile of dirty clothes.A.are liedB.liesC.are lyingD.Lay
2.–I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month
-Don’t worry.You _______have it by Friday
A.couldB.mayC.must D.shall
★3.He is always thinking more of himself, seldom, _______, offering to help others
A.if neverB.if anyC.if everD.if possible
★4.–Don’t press the button, John-What if I_____?
A.shallB.didC.wouldD.will
5.London is the only city in the world ___ taking a taxi is an interesting experience for tourists.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.whose(语法全解85页,6)
6.You never know ___happiness will turn up next, so grasp every chance around you.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.how(90页,6)
7.___surprised us most is that she doesn't even know ___the difference between the two lies.A.What;whereB.All;whichC.What;thatD.That;where
8.Our teacher insisted that the key words worth paying attention ___ before class.A.to underlinedB.was underlinedC.to be underlinedD.to being underlined
★9._____he worked in the international company ____ he ____ the importance of learning English.A.Not until;had;foundB.It was not until;that;found
C.Not until;did;foundD.It was not until;when;found
10.Not far from the club there was a garden, ____ owner seated in it playing bridge with his children every afternoon.A.whoseB.whichC.itsD.that
★11.The little girl _____go out at night and often imagined _____ a monster following her.A.dared not;there beingB.dare not;there being
C.didn’t dare;there to beD.didn’t dare to;there be
12.If a student is interested in English, _____ shows that he or she may make much process in it.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that
13.After five hours’ drive, they reached ______they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where
★14.It is the hotel _____located in the downtown _______he applied to a job
A.that;thatB.which;thatC.that;whereD./;that
15.-----Amazing!You _______come to the party in such a funny dress.-----Don’t you know it’s a fashion?
A.mustB.willC.couldD.should
16.This is the _____MP3 I lost last weekA.veryB.justC.rightD.exactly
17.It’s the teacher-and-student interaction _____should be the centre of teaching _____ makes classroom learning a more enjoyable process.A.where;thatB.that;whichC.which;that D.where;which
18.At the meeting, they discussed three different _____ to the study of mathematics.A.approachesB.meanC.methodsD.ways
★19.A summer vacation is supposed to be a magic time for children to escape stress, but many children are under _____ pressure to study.A.ambiguousB.tremendousC.ambitiousD.marvelous
20._____ the cold, thin air and low oxygen levels also can cause mountain sickness.A.On behalf ofB.Apart formC.In terms ofD.Owing to
21.--Where is Lucy ?--I can’t say for sure where she is, but she _____be out shopping.A.can B.shouldC.must D.may
22.Can you _____me a job when I yet there? You know I have to work in order to pay for my schooling.A.apply B.arrange C.provide D.guarantee
★23.As is widely acknowledged, playing outside helps children learn through curiosity, which _____ promotes creativity.A.in briefB.in turn C.in conclusionD.in return
24.It’s a shame to ask you to lend me more money, but_____ _____.You really need money to keep on with your education.A.Forget itB.Don’tbe sillyC.No wayD.Don’t mention it
有问题找陈明阳和他的小伙伴们key:1-4BDCB 5-8ABAC 9-12BCBD 13-16BDDA 17-20 CABB 21-24DBBB
1.He was about halfway through his meal ___a familiar voice came to his ears.A.whyB whereC whenD.while
2.Nancy enjoyed herself so munch ___she visited her friends in Sydney last year.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
3.___unemployment and crime are high ,it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.A.beforeB.whereC.unlesD.until
4.It is almost five years ___we saw each other last time.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when
5.His contribution was of little or no practical___.A.wishB.profiitC.valueD.hope
6.His landlady gave him a week’s___to leave the flat.A.threatB.noticeC.adviceD.caution
7.Before you quit your job,_____how your familiy would feel abou your decision.A.considerB consideringC to considerD considered
8.Nobody would stand out admitting the fact,for some reason,____they lost the game.A.thatB whichC whatDwhy
9.You never know ___ happniess will turn up next, so grasp every chance around you.A whenB whereC howD what
10.How can they learn much____they spend such a lot of time on computer games?
A althoughBwhenC beforeDuntil
11.Is it he or you ____in charge of the job and supposedto complete it punctually?
A who isBthat isC who areD whom are
12.It was the skills___he had acquired at his training period____enabled him to get such a high post in that world-famous company.Athat, whatBwhat, thatC that, thatDthat,which
13.Happy birthday, Alice!So you have()twenty-one already!
A.becomeB.turnedC.drownD.passed
14.He got to the station early,()missing his train.A.in case ofB.in stead ofC.for fear ofD.in search of
15.It’s ten years since the scientist()on his life’s work of discovering the valuable chemical.A.made forB.set outC.took offD.turned up
16.A low-carbon lifestyle is of great benefit to improve()world environment.Nothing can be enjoyed from it until you have()deep understanding of it, though.A.a, theB./, aC.the, /D.the, a
17.---How about your negotiations?
---Pretty successful.Full exchanges of opinions allowed both sides of us to better understand()each stood on many issues.A.whereB.thatC.whatD.which
18.I()all the work to be completed as soon as I().A.shall expect, return B.expect, have returned C.expect, shall return D.have expected, have returned
19.I'd like to give my thanks to those _____ help my son was able to survive this terrible disease.'said the woman on TV.A.whoB.whoseC.wiht whoseD.with whom
20.Nowdays teenagers like to go fast food restaurants,____ as the name suggests,eating dosen't take much time.A.whoB.whereC.whichD.what
21.There was ___ time ___ I hated to go to school.A.a;thatB.a;whenC.the;thatD.the;when
22.----It's thirty years since we last met.----But I still remember the story ,believe it or not,____ we got on a rainy night.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when
23.As is widely acknowledged,playing outside helps children learn throught
curiosity ,which___promotes creativity.A.in briefB.in turnC.in conclusionD.in return
24.People don't understand why he quit the job ____he was so well paid in that big company.A.ifB.untilC.onceD.when
有问题找韩诚嘉和他的小伙伴们1.C 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.A 8A 9 B 10 B 11C 12 C13.B14.C15.B16.D 17.A18.B19.C20..B21.B22.B
23.B 24.D
第五篇:高三单选错题集
2013届高三单选复习题(1)
Class_____________ Name_______________
1.The expansion of Versailles began in the 1660s, ________ Louis XIV was king.A.wereB.whenC.asD.which
2.With so many workers _______ off, the British government knew it was time that it had to do something.A.to layB.to be laidC.laidD.laying
3.I appreciate the saying: Life is like a long race________ we complete with others to go beyond ourselves.A.whyB.whatC.thatD.where
4.It was not until dark _______ he found what he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.A.thatB.whenC.asD.which
5.Do me a favour------__________ me the Readers’ Digest, will you?
A.passingB.to passC.passD.by passing
6.It seems water ________ from this tap for some time.We’ll have to take it apart to put it right.A.had leakedB.is leakingC.leaksD.has been leaking
7.-----I thought you were going to call on me last night.------Sorry, I ________.But I had to finish the report.A.wouldB didC.would like toD.would have
8.After ten years of hard work, she changed a lot and looked different from _______she used to be.A.thatB.whomC.whatD.who
9.John ________ in the woods near his home in Milkovica when a bear attacked him from behind.A.was huntingB.had huntedC.huntedD.has been hunting
10.______ our school uniforms, all of us feel a sense of pride being a student of this school.A.WearB.To wearC.WearingD.Wore
11.English is a language that many people around world ________ not speak perfectly but at least ________ understand.A.may;canB.would;mightC.will;mustD.could;might
12.It remains a mystery________ the world is going to end on Dec.21st, 2012, which seems to be the end of the Mayan calendar.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.when
13.He _______ to go to Beijing today, but he postponed the trip when he heard that there would be a downpour at noon.A.was intendingB.would intendC.had intendedD.intended
14.------Did you hear about a teacher----Zhang Lili who saved the kids from being run over by a school bus?
------Yes.What do you think most people _____ if they were in a similar situation?1
A.will doB.will have doneC.would doD.would have done
15.Despite the rule ________ mobile phones are forbidden in class, my deskmate can’t help playing phone games occasionally.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where
16.I have promised that my daughter_______ get a new electronic dictionary on her next birthday.A.shouldB.mustC.shallD.would
17.________ global temperature rising, the UN Climate Conference was held in Cancun, Mexico last year.A.PretendedB.PreventingC.Having pretendedD.To pretend
18.The new CRH train between Beijing and Shanghai _______ speed has been limited to 300 km/h focuses more on the safety of the passengers.A.whereB.whoseC.thatD.which
19.The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor _______ it a thought.A.does he even giveB.he even gives
C.will he even giveD.he will even give
20.New technologies have made ________ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A.thatB.thisC.oneD.it
21.There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, ________?
A.is thereB.isn’t thereC.is heD.isn’t he
22.It suddenly occurred to him ______ he had left his keys in the office.A.whetherB.whereC.whichD.that
23.The basketball coach, as well as his team, _______ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.A.wereB.wasC.isD.are
24.If my car ________ more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.A.wasB.had beenC.should beD.would be
25.If you’re buying today’s newspaper from the stand, could you get ______ for me?
A.oneB.suchC.thisD.that
26.Close the door of fear behind you, and you ____the door of faith open before you.A.sawB.have seenC.will seeD.are seeing
27.Maria has written two novels, and both of ______ have been made into television.A.thatB.themC.whichD.what
28.The children were jumping on the new sofa, ______ I had paid a large amount of money the day before.A.whichB.whereC.for whichD.with which
29.Bicycling is a good exercise;________, it does not pollute the air.A.neverthelessB.besidesC.otherwiseD.therefore
30.Hot ________the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.A.althoughB.asC.whileD.however
2013届高三单选复习题(2)
Class_____________ Name_______________
1.Mark could refuse to answer _______ questions, but he never said no to his father’s questions.A.someone else’sB.anyone else’sC.anyoneD.no one
2.------Are you surprised at my improvement on the tests, Dad?
------Yes.I _______ you would get such high marks.A.didn’t expectB.wouldn’t expectC.don’t expectD.haven’t expected
3.If I criticize someone, I will do it with great patience as if I were the one ________.A.to criticizeB.criticizingC.having criticizingD.being criticized
4.The detective inspected the room for fingerprints, wondering if someone ______ the room.A.enteredB.entersC.had enteredD.has entered
5.It’s her cleverness not her appearance ______ makes it difficult for her to work with others.A.whatB.asC.whichD.that
6.How close parents are to their children ________ an influence on the character of the child.A.haveB.hasC.havingD.to have
7.Children should be taught to leave things ________they can find them again.A.whereB.whenC.thenD.there
8.The village students brought ______ they could-----a sack of ground meal or a pig to pay for the tuition.A.wheneverB.whereverC.howeverD.whatever
9.Denis has made it known that he _______much of his collection to the nation when he retires.A.has donatedB.is to be donatedC.is to donateD.donates
10.In the past few months, many practice exams _________ to sharpen the students’ examination skills.A.have heldB.have been heldC.are heldD.are being held
11.People in many places, ________ had been pulled down by estate developers, were not paid enough money.A.their housesB.whose housesC.which housesD.of whom houses
12._________ in 1898, Beijing University is one of the most famous universities in the world.A.Being foundedB.It was foundedC.FoundedD.Having founded
13.Remember that you can reach success if you actually love what you________.A.have doneB.didC.had doneD.are doing
14._______ our life is like, we should be brave to face it.A.WhateverB.HoweverC.WhicheverD.Whenever
15.-----Could you tell me how to get to the station?
------Well, this is the road ______ the station.A.ledB.led toC.leading toD.leading
16.Before you quit your job, _________ how your family would feel about your decision.A.considerB.consideringC.to considerD.considered
17.-----What happened to the postman?
------I don’t know.He _________ around here for a long time.A.didn’t seeB.wasn’t seenC.doesn’t seeD.hasn’t been seen
18.As we all know, it is the media such as the Internet and TV that keep us _______ with the latest news from all over the world.A.informingB.informC.informedD.to be informed
19.We’re having a meeting in half an hour.The decision _________ at the meeting will influence the future of our company.A.to be madeB.being madeC.madeD.having been made
20.I’m wondering ____ he expects will win the English Talent Competition next year.A.whoB.whetherC.thatD.what
21.------You didn’t go the party last night, did you?
------I do wish I ________ there.A.wasB.wereC.had beenD.went
22.I have only completed one-third of the work, so the rest_________ to be done next week.A.haveB.hadC.areD.is
23.________ excited his parents most that he had passed the entrance exam and was admitted to his dream college.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.It
24.I love my school.Growing in the garden in front of our classroom________ the flowers of different kinds.A.isB.areC.wasD.were
25.There happened to ________ a chance to go travelling because our grade allowed us students half a month off school.A.isB.haveC.getD.be
26.-----How much do you know about the 3D film technology?
-----A little.Not until _______the hot movie Avatar _______ some about it.A.did I see;did I begin to learnB.I saw;I began to learn
C.I saw;did I begin to learnD.did I see;I began to learn
27.Do you expect ________ to be a possibility that we shall be able to afford the particular furniture we need?
A.itB.thereC.thatD.one
28.South of our school and the stadium _______, known as Taozi Lake.A.lie a lakeB.does a lake lieC.lies a lakeD.do a lake lie
29.It is only when you nearly lose someone _______ you become fully conscious of how much you value them.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.who
30.-----What about the two pairs of glasses?
------Well, this pair is not so good for me and, er, __________.A.neither is that pairB.neither that pair isC.so is that pairD.so that pair is
2013届高三单选复习题(3)
Class_____________ Name_______________
1.Helping others is a habit, ________ you can learn even at an early age.A.itB.thatC.whatD.one
2.The Hengxin Square is located in________ used to be our canteen.A.whatB.whereC.whichD.the place
3.Mr.Li is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been ______.A.popularB.more popularC.most popularD.the most popular
4.He is writing a novel, so he shuts himself up, _______ to receive guests.A.refusesB.to refuseC.refusingD.refused
5.Only when I read the Frog a second time _______ to appreciate the writer’s magic realism.A.did I beginB.I beganC.had I begunD.I have begun
6.I have told you the truth.______ I keep repeating it?
A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Will
7.The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister ________ she would stay for an hour.A.whereB.whoC.whichD.what
8.Bob would have helped us yesterday but he _______.A.is busyB.had been busyC.has been busyD.was busy
9.The fact has worried the people across the world_______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where
10.The international agreement, _______ to help people kick off the habit of smoking, was signed two years ago.A.intendedB.intendingC.intendsD.to intend
11.Peter was so excited ________he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.that
12.Being exposed to loud music too much________ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.A.isB.hasC.areD.have
13.________ everything a shot because you never know what will change your life.A.GivingB.To giveC.GiveD.Given
14.By the time you have completed the essential training, you ________ exposed to every new feature of the course.A.areB.will have beenC.have beenD.will be
15.If nature does not provide man with the necessary material, it is the laboratory ________ he will turn to for it.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what
16.Some women ________ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.A.must makeB.should have madeC.would makeD.could have made
17.I’m really hungry.Let’s eat at _________ restaurant has a free table.A.whicheverB.whateverC.whichD.what
18.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _______ advertisements showing happy families.A.will often seeB.often seeC.are often seeingD.have often seen
19.-----You’ve got your flat furnished, haven’t you?
------Yes.I _______ some used furniture at the Sunday Market and it was a real bargain.A.will buyB.have boughtC.had boughtD.bought
20.________ the green hills are there, one need not worry about firewood.A.Even ifB.WhileC.UnlessD.As long as
21._______with a sudden job loss, would you consider it as a failure, or an opportunity for a new start in your career?
A.FacingB.FacedC.To faceD.Face
22.The development of China’s economy _______ since the 80s of the last century.A.has been increasingB.had increasedC.is increasingD.increased
23.Whenever a natural disaster happens, we should offer ________ help we can to the victims.A.howeverB.whateverC.wheneverD.whichever
24.The weather in the south is generally warm, but it _______be very cold sometimes.A.mayB.shallC.willD.can
25.The food, _______ good, was soon sold out when it was taken to the market.A.tastedB.tastingC.being tastedD.having tasted
26.------Where did you get to know the famous writer?
-------It was on the farm _______ we used to work together.A.whereB.whichC.thatD./
27.________ your letter, I would have set off two days ago.A.If I could have receivedB.If I received
C.Should I receiveD.Had I received
28._______ on the mirrior, and you’ll find little drops of water on the glass.A.BlowingB.To blowC.BlowD.If you blow
29.Kelly, as well as her little son, ________ present at the meeting last Friday.A.wasB.areC.isD.were
30.What an unforgettable experience!I’ll write it down ________ it is still fresh in my memory.A.beforeB.whileC.so thatD.until