(全英文论文)英文电影片名的汉译研究（大全五篇）

第一篇：(全英文论文)英文电影片名的汉译研究

本科生毕业设计（论文）封面

（2016 届）

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英语原创毕业论文参考选题(200个)

一、论文说明

本写作团队致力于英语毕业论文写作与辅导服务，精通前沿理论研究、仿真编程、数据图表制作，专业本科论文3000起，具体可以联系qq958035640。下列所写题目均可写作。部分题目已经写好原创。

二、原创论文参考题目 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 论奥斯丁女性主义观点在《爱玛》中的体现 英汉死亡委婉语的文化差异及其分类对比

浅析《到灯塔去》中女性主义思想在两位女主人公身上的体现 旅游资料翻译中文化因素的处理 任务型教学法在高中英语教学中的应用 英语委婉语的特点及运用

从英汉习语的翻译看中西方文化差异 会话含义理论在法庭话语中的运用 雌雄同体：《奥兰多》中时代精神的体现 图式理论分析中国网络流行词翻译 《沉默的羔羊》三部曲中汉尼拔博士性格探析 12 跨文化交际中的社交语用失误及其对英语教学的启示 13 对“老人与海”中人物的分析 从原型批评理论角度分析威利洛曼的悲剧 15 《玻璃动物园》中的逃避主义解读 Analysis of Love Tragedy in The Apple Tree in Light of Realism 17 英语中的性别歧视 Saussure’s Five Contributions to Linguistic Study and Its Modern Applications 19 对公共演讲课堂中大学生课堂表现的心理分析 On Contradiction Between Comprehension and Expression in Translation 21 男权社会中女性的地位—《远大前程》中人物郝维仙之研究 22 斯嘉丽的新女性形象探析 浅析《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝的悲惨命运 《玻璃动物园》中的逃避主义解读 25 《喜福会》中的女性身份重建 绝望而不言败的抗争——塞林格的《麦田守望者》 27 An Application of Schema Theory in Interpreting 28 对《远离尘嚣》中三个男主人公命运的分析 29 中法餐桌文化对比 《白象似的群山》中话语权利争夺探究

译前准备对交替传译成效的课堂研究——以礼仪祝辞类口译为例 32 从《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》看维多利亚时期的新女性主义观 33 Symbolic Meanings of Babel in The Dogs of Babel 34 从适应与选择角度看公示语翻译方法

女性的自我迷失与回归—从女性主义视角解读《蒂凡尼的早餐》(开题报告+论文)36 影视字幕翻译原则——从文化角度进行研究 37 浅谈商务英语广告的翻译 38 浅析《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿 39 广告翻译中的语用失误研究 40 论英语小说中俚语的汉译

《追风筝的人》作为成长小说的的体裁分析 42 英语习语陷阱及其学习策略 43 商务信函中模糊语的使用研究 44 小说《飘》中斯嘉丽的女性主义探究

通过象征主义、梭罗的自然思想和梭罗的个人主义析《瓦尔登湖》 46 问题类型对TEM阅读成绩影响的实证研究 47 从关联理论的角度看《围城》中言语幽默的翻译 48 中英色彩词的文化内涵异同分析

双重文化下的文化选择——解析电影《刮痧》中中国移民的文化身份危机 50 希望和宿命论之间的挣扎-分析《德伯家的苔丝》中的苔丝形象 51 艾米丽·勃朗特《呼啸山庄》中男主人公希斯克利夫的形象分析 52 高中英语新课标在xx中实施情况调查与分析 53 汉英称赞语的对比研究

试论金融英语词汇的特点与翻译

不做房间里的天使——解读《爱玛》中的女性主体意识 56 莎士比亚戏剧《哈姆雷特》中男主人公性格分析 57 浅谈企业形象广告设计

浅析隐藏在“面纱”之后的伯莎梅森 59 论小说《德库拉》中的哥特元素 60 解析《丽姬娅》中的哥特美学 61 从跨文化角度对中美语言禁忌的浅析 62 被忽视的主人公——析《简爱》中的疯女人

中西方文化中家庭观念差异研究——以电影《推手》为例 64 浅析隐藏在“面纱”之后的伯莎梅森 65 跨文化交际中的障碍浅析及其解决方法 66

从功能对等角度看信用证英语的翻译 68 浅析隐藏在“面纱”之后的伯莎梅森 69 浅谈英语在未来的国际地位

浅析合作原则在汉英广告语翻译中的运用 71 《呼啸山庄》爱情悲剧根源分析

浅析《恋爱中的女人》的圣经意象原型——从原型批评角度解读 73 史蒂芬克莱恩《红色英勇勋章》中的自然主义表现手法 74 EFL Learning Strategies on Web-based Autonomous Learning 75 A Comparative Study of Politeness Expressions in English and Chinese 76 浅析《贵妇画像》中的心理描写 77 英汉产品简介的对比分析 78 非语言行为在英语交流中的应用

从《霍华德庄园》到《印度之行》：论福斯特联结梦的破灭 80 从哈姆雷特心理变化轨迹浅析其性格发展阶段 81 中英文颜色词的文化内涵及翻译

论《西游记》中文化因素的翻译策略——以詹纳尔和余国藩的英译本为例 83 The Religious Thoughts in The Pilgrim’s Progress

美国牛仔和牛仔文化

从文化语境的角度比较《诗经》的两个英译版本 86 元认知策略指导下的英语专业高年级学生听力学习87 英汉动物习语内涵意义的文化差异 88 《野性的呼唤》和《老人与海》的对比研究 89 翻译中的语境因素分析

浅议英汉习语翻译中文化语境的制约作用

A Study of C-E Translation of Tourist Materials from the Perspective of Cross-culture 92 伍尔夫《一间自己的房间》的女性主义解读 93 古典诗歌中典故的翻译 94 法律英语的特点

《达洛维夫人》死亡意识解读 96 中西方在养老孝道方面的差异

The Function of Symbols in the Feminist Novel Possession 98 性格、学习策略和英语学习成绩的关系研究 99 论口译中的跨文化意识 100 英汉问候语语用分析 101 英汉习语文化差异浅析 102 世纪以来英汉委婉语的语义变迁

对比分析中西方魔幻影视中英雄主义——以《哈利波特》与《西游记》为例 104 《理智与情感》中的婚姻 105 英语习语翻译中的“功能对等” 106 语用模糊及语用功能

浅析隐藏在“面纱”之后的伯莎梅森

An Analysis of the Leading Character in ‘The Old Man and the Sea’ 109 Approaching English Vocabulary Teaching—a Lexicological Perspective 110 世纪以来英汉委婉语的语义变迁

寻找女性的自我 — 评托妮莫里森作品《秀拉》中秀拉形象 112 英汉问候语对比研究

《哈克贝利费恩历险记》的艺术特色分析

托尼莫里森《宠儿》中保罗D的形象解析 115 从标记理论看英语词汇性别歧视现象

An Analysis of the Initiation Theme in The Child in Time 117 英语财经报道中的词汇衔接研究

On Advertising Translation from the Perspective of Skopostheorie 119 论英语商务合同中状语从句的翻译 120 论《推销员之死》中威利•洛曼的死亡原因

A Tentative Study on Metaphor Translations in Fortress Besieged from the Perspective of Relevance Theory 122 中美时间观差异对跨文化交际的影响 123 论广告英语的修辞特征及其翻译 124 逆向思维在外语学习中的应用

元认知策略在高中英语写作教学中的运用 126 A Comparison of the English Color Terms 127 文化差异对商标翻译的影响

从《嘉莉妹妹》分析西奥多莱塞对人性欲望的理解

On Hybridization in Translation of Culture-loaded Lexemes in Moment in PekingThe Duality of Life and Death——An Analysis on Virginia Woolf’s Mrs.Dalloway

从文本类型角度看旅游宣传资料的汉英翻译 131 《海的女儿》中安徒生的悲剧情结分析 132 星巴克营销策略研究

论《麦田里的守望者》中的象征体系及霍尔顿的精神世界 134 从目的论角度看企业推介材料的中译英技巧－以家具产品介绍为例 135 精神之光——《到灯塔去》中拉姆齐夫人的人性解析 136 委婉语与英语交际

对《傲慢与偏见》中贝内特太太及其女儿们的人物评论 138 女性主义视角下《傲慢与偏见》的情态意义解读

背叛与救赎：从佛洛伊德的人格理论分析《追风筝的人》阿米尔的成长 140 从麦田里的守望者到中国的青少年

女性主义视角下《小妇人》中四姐妹的人物分析

《永别了武器》中战争对人类所造成的毁灭 143 纳撒尼尔·霍桑《红字》中的象征主义 144 清明节与万圣节的比较

浅谈中国电影产业发展的问题及对策 146 阿法——《多芬的海》中的加勒比人

外国商标的中文翻译策略及其产品营销效应研究 148 论《追风筝的人》中“风筝”的象征意义 149 《野性的呼唤》中的生态观

论汉英诗歌翻译中对“真”和“美”的追求 151 班德瑞曲名汉译策略之解析

152 《德伯家的苔丝》简写本与原著的语篇比较——基于倒装句的分析视角 153 从《马拉喀什》和《射象》看乔治奥威尔散文的艺术风格 154 从十字军东征看中世纪宗教冲突

155 A Comparative Study of Cultural Connotations of Yellow and Huang in English and Chinese 156 论《海狼》中拉尔森船长本性的双重性 157 中西方餐桌礼仪的文化对比分析 158 词义的选择和商务英语的汉译 159 浅析交替传译过程中停顿现象 160 《鲁宾逊漂流记》中鲁滨逊的形象分析 161 对外汉语教学中的成语研究

162 任务型教学在高中英语阅读课中应用的调查

163 约翰欧内斯特斯坦贝克《愤怒的葡萄》中的生态整体主义观 164 受超验主义影响的具有美国精神的作家 165 A Comparison of the English Color Terms 166 从关联理论角度分析《绝望主妇》中话语标记语I mean 167 论英文电影名翻译 168 论《简爱》中的疯女人 169 法律英语词汇的特点及其翻译

170 Analysis of the Personality Changes of the Characters in The Grapes of Wrath

171 浅析《小妇人》中乔的女性意识及其成长过程 172 DOTA游戏英雄名称汉译策略

173 Salinger, a True Man: A Study of Salinger Based on The Catcher in the Rye 174 方言电视节目收视群体特点及社会影响分析 175 跨文化交际中的个人主义和集体主义冲突及解决办法 176 从自我认同角度再析《简爱》 177 论《老无所依》中的英雄缺失 178 意象手法在《永别了，武器》中的使用 179 论中美广告中所反映的文化价值观差异 180 论莱辛作品《又来了，爱情》中妇女失爱的原因 181 从影片《刮痧》分析中美文化差异和冲突 182 浅析隐藏在“面纱”之后的伯莎梅森

183 An Analysis of the Tragic Fate of Mary Turner in The Grass Is Singing 184 二元对立模型在伍尔夫《达洛卫夫人》中的应用 185 从商业广告看文化因素对广告翻译的影响

186 论《一个小时的故事》中马拉德夫人女性意识的觉醒 187 中西方礼貌用语对比分析 188 英语阅读有效教学活动设计研究 189 《飘》中生态女性意识的研究 190 从功能对等理论看字幕翻译 191 《野性的呼唤》中的人性和野性 192 Advertising and Its Application 193 非传统式英雄——从女性主义批评角度看《名利场》 194 提高大学生英语口语的流利度 195 《红高粱家族》中乡土文化翻译研究 196 目的论视角下公益广告的翻译 197 英语谚语重复修辞格的翻译 198 解读《拉帕希尼的女儿》中的父爱

199 Situational Approach to Grammar Teaching in Senior High English Classes 200 正面解读《名利场》中的蓓基-夏泼

第二篇：英语电影片名汉译论文

Research on English Film Title Translation and Translation Equivalence Theory Application

Author: Huo Yishuai Supervisor: Li Liping, Associate Professor

(College of Foreign Languages, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018)

Abstract: This paper begins with the prevalence and impact of English film in China.It discusses the importance of English film title translation and the methods and theories of current title translation.And then propose translation equivalence concept to guide the title translation.Also, this paper summarized some of the methods.At last , the paper pointed out some of the principles in accordance with the process of translation in the use of translation equivalents theory

Key words: English film;title translation theory;translation equivalence;principle 英语电影片名汉译及翻译等值理论在其中的应用的研究

摘要：本文以英语电影在中国的流行及影响出发，论述了英语电影片名汉译的重要性及当前英语电影片名汉译形成的较常用的方法和理论，并指出了翻译过程中出现的问题。进而提出以翻译等值理论指导英语电影片名的汉译，也总结了相应的一些方法。同时，还指出在运用等值理论进行翻译的过程中还应遵循的一些原则。

关键词：英语电影；片名翻译；翻译等值理论；原则

1.Description of English films in China's current situation and the necessity of translation

Film can create miracles---just like all those people who sit in the theater thinking from reality to dream world know it.Fascinating story with perfect pictures, shocking music, and great close-up scenes make you forget yourself completely.The aftertaste of a classic film bring to you is endless.When you think of the screen which make you get goose bumps, an exciting or eager showing in your eyes.People call movies is the seventh art after the literature, drama, music, dance, painting and sculpture.But, it’s not just an art.It is an art that have lots of audiences, suit both refined and popular tastes and with commercial.Today, cross-cultural communication is more active than ever, the spirit of national culture and ideology is mainly characterized by the content in the film.Therefore movies become the main channel of cultural transmission, and its influence is so large that can't be matched by other art forms.On the one hand, economic and cultural development stimulates the emerging film and television-dubbing career to flourish.Its operations around the world, including draw the materials, translation and distribution.On the other hand, the popularity of cable television and home video, the improvement of the technology(video, VCD and DVD)also plays a role in fueling the film’s spreading.Since the first movie introduced to China in 1896, the Chinese film industry has undergone enormous changes.Shoot technology innovation make the film a great audio-visual impact to the audience, and watching movies has become very common and very stylish entertainment in people’s lives now.In addition, the demand for foreign films, especially English films, is growing highly.Facing to these foreign language films, the primary task is translated them into Chinese, and the translation of the film title is one of the most important part.The film title is a link connecting the audience and film;it has the enormous influence to the film box office.First, except actor's exquisite performing skill, philosophy dialogue as well as gorgeous picture, a good film why can attract the audience has the direct relation with a film title which is pregnant with meaning and make people think a lot.The film title is a film's brand trademark.In the multitudinous film advertisement newspaper, the film title is always in the extremely striking position, and it is playing the role which leads attention directly.As a film, the title is seen firstly by the audience.Therefore, every movie screenwriter and director will highly summarize his movie content, and takes one as the title for it can both express one's ideas expressively and appeal eyeball.Second, the film express certain ideas to the audience to pass certain information , and the film title should also highlight the video content , convey the theme information and establish the entire film emotional tone.Film titles can not only summarize the content of the film succinctly , reveals the theme of the film, and make the audience seize the film's style and substance , but also inspire the imagination of the audience and watching desires with its distinctive form of language.Excellent film titles like the outstanding literary works, should be concise the summary of the content of films, succinctly revealing the theme, and stimulate the audience's imagination.The perfect unity of a good title and the good content will allow the audience to get the influence of the arts and the joy of beauty.2.Film title translation Since the first English language film was introduced to China, there are already three decades till now.This period, the translator made constantly efforts and improvements, and formed some common translation methods.Currently, there are more and more English films introduced into China.The translation industry also formed a relatively fixed translation theory, specifically;there are the following three theories: 2.1 The literal translation or free translation Literal translation and free translation are two representative methods of translation in the history of translation.Due to variations in people's understanding of literal translation and free translation, there are someone accept both of these methods, someone accept just one, someone accept neither.However, in terms of the perspective of describing translation or transfer translation, literal translation and free translation is always meaningful.Literal translation and free translation is designed to faithfully express the ideological content of the original and reproduce the original art.Simply put, the literal translation means the translation methods and sentence structure is more similar to the original sentence, but does not rule out some adjustments at the phrase level.Free translation means discarded the original expression, and find a synonymous expression equivalent to the original, or make major changes or adjustments to the original sentence structure.2.1.1 Literal translation Carefully understands the literature name and film title, we can find different types.Therefore, the translation methods vary.The following types suit for the Literal translation 2.1.1.1 Protagonists name or description for the title.Such as:

Hamlet

HA MU LEI TE,(哈姆雷特)Othello

AO SAI LUO,(奥赛罗), King Lear

LI ER WANG，(李尔王), Macbeth

MAI KE BAI,(麦克白), Romeo and Juliet

LUO MI OU YIU ZHU LI YE,(罗密欧与朱丽叶)David Copperfield

DAI WEI KE BO FEI ER,(大为.科波菲尔), Jane

JIAN ,(简), Sister Carrie

JIA LI MEI MEI ,(嘉莉妹妹), Lucky Jim

XING YUN DE JI MU，(幸运的吉姆), a lonely Johnny

GU DU DE YUE HAN NI,(孤独的约翰尼), Julius

ZHU LI SI KAI SAI,(朱丽斯凯撒), Father and Son

FU YU ZI,(父与子), Sons and Lovers

ER ZI YU QING REN,(儿子与情人).2.1.1.2 The place where the story happen for title,Such as:

Wuthering Heights

HU XIAO SHAN ZHUANG,(呼啸山庄), Chicago

ZHI JIA GE,(芝加哥), Washington Square

HUA SHENG DUN GUNAG CHANG,(华盛顿广场), Boston

BO SHI DUN,(波士顿), The Secret Garden

MI MIO HUA YUAN，(秘密花园), in the Chinese screen

ZAI ZHONG GUO PING MU SHNAG,(在中国屏幕上).2.1.1.3 Stories for titles, such as: the merchant of Venice

WEI NI SI SHANG REN,(威尼斯商人), The Adventures of Tom Sawye TANG MU SUO YE LI XIAN JI ,(汤姆索也历险记), Gulliver's travels

GE LIE FO YOU JI,(格列佛游记), Alice s Adventures in Wonderland

AI LI SI MAN YOU XIAN JING,(爱丽丝漫游仙境)，Mansfield Park

MAN SI FEI ER DE YUAN,(曼斯菲尔德园).2.1.1.4 the other types, such as: Great Expectations

YUAN DA QIAN CHENG,(远大前程), The Mayor of Casterbridge

KA SI TE QIAO SHI ZHANG,(卡斯特桥市长), The Grapes of Wrath

FEN NU DE PU TAO,(愤怒的葡萄), the Godfather

JIAO FU,(教父), Five Classics

WU JING,(五经), a Midsummer Night s Dream

ZHONG XIA YE ZHI MENG,(仲夏夜之梦), Twelfth Night

DI SH ER YE,(第十二夜), Pride and Prejudice

AO MAN YU PIAN JIAN,(傲慢与偏见), time machine

SHI JIAN JI QI,(时间机器), The Call of The Wild

YE XING DE HU HUAN,(野性的呼唤), The Sea-wolf

HAI LANG,(海狼).These titles are just a few words, but they reveal the author's intention and the true state of mind.It represents the author's effort and reflected the monumental piece of substance and essence of the film.Therefore, for those that can be translated literally must be translated by literal to keep the work formerly original and make the title and content unite in harmony.Especially when it comes to the film named after the main character.The hero is the typical character live in specific times and specific environments that are created by the author, such as Shakespeare’s Hamlet and a-Q in the works of Lu Xun.They have a distinct character, image, and destiny.The principles and methods of translation of film title or translation of literary works are the same.Both of them take the breadth of its audience and the diversity of appreciation level into account, therefore, the translation should be simple and popular, easy catchy and implying the subtle meaning.Film title suitable for literal translation should be translate as literal as possible in order to convey the information formerly and maintain the perfect unity of the original title and content.That should be a basic principle and method of the film title translation.This type title just needs to be image, vivid, concise in the text, and it can fully reproduce the content of formerly.Such as: description of a walk in the clouds is the love story of a pair of young men and women filled with the vineyards of grapes flowers, so the film is literally translated as the Walk in the Clouds, while maintaining the formerly known as the meaning and full of poetic.Such cases are: the age of innocence(The Age of Innocence), natural born killers(Natural Born Killers), the perfect world(better world), death on the Nile(Death on the Nile)rain man(Rain Man)superman(superman), citizen(Citizen Kane), schindler’ s list(Schindler's List)2.1.2 free translation Certain English film title contains very few words and the language is simple.It is apparently lightly, but the connotation is actually rich and pregnant with meaning, does not reveal.If this kind of film title translates literally, it will be difficult to reach its contents, reveal its charm.Therefore, when translation must rest on the entire book content, the original book title intention, and unit the target language characteristic, sets up a new name.In order to concise its content to reflect its implication, and executes the literary talent slightly to make the translated name and the original work style coordinates.For example: Gone With the Wind

PIAO ,(飘)，Waterloo Bridge

HUN DUAN LAN QIAO,(魂断蓝桥), Blood and Sand

BI XIE HUNAG SHA,(碧血黄沙), The Bathing Beauty

CHU SHUI FU RONG,(出水芙蓉), Polsinney Harbour

YU XIANG JI DU QING,(渔乡几度情), Wines-burg Ohio

XIAO CHENG JI REN ,(小城畸人), Earthquake

JING HUN DUO MING,(惊魂夺命), The Red Shoes

HONG LING YAN ,(红菱艳)，Speed

SHENG SI SHI SU,(生死时速), Black Mask

HEI XIA ,(黑侠)，Black Beauty

HEI JUN MA ,(黑骏马)，Dr Jekyll and Mr.Hyde

HUA SHEN BO SHI ,(化身博士)and so on 2.2 Integration of literal translation and free translation

English and American films have a number of titles in simple and concise, but moral implication and difficult to grasp.In addition, some titles originated from allusions, meaning rich and obscure, hard to check.It is difficult to understand the implied meaning of the original title.People must think about the whole content or check allusions, carefully wondering and hashing, accurately understand the intent of author when translate them.Based on the foundation of literal translation of original titles ,translator plus word or change word to some key words to make translation semantic clearly , such as: a Farewell to Arms

YONG BIE LE ,ZHANG ZHNEG;(永别了，战争)，Ghost

REN GUI QING WEI LIAO；(人鬼情未了)One Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest

FEI YUE FENG REN YUAN;(飞越疯人院), On The Golden Pond

JIN SE CHI TANG;(金色池塘), Moonlighting

PI XING DAI YUE;(披星戴月), Who Shall Live and Who Shall Die

SHENG SI DA QUAN;(生死大权), Night Killer

LAI ZHE BU SHAN;(来者不善), Shooting First

XAIN FA ZHI REN;(先发制人).for Whom The Bell Tolls SANG ZHONG WEI SHUI ER MING;(丧钟为谁而鸣), 2.3 The literal translation adds the explanation

Due to the different style of film and different points between British and Chinese language, some titles translated by word will be too abstract, implicit and irrelevant with story content.People may feel dull, and it cannot make any guiding effects.Therefore, for these titles, translator should appropriately plus a text which can reflect hero image or film content when translate them.Based on the foundation of literal translation, according to the content of film, it will play a finishing touch to the characters and film content for example, Oscar(LIE QUAN AO SI KA CHUAN QI;猎犬奥丝卡传奇), it will bursting bald if literal translation for AO SI KA(奥丝卡), also will be easily confused with Oscar Ward.Adding the word of dog , it generally works very well.And Comeback(GU LI E MENG;故里噩梦), plus the word of nightmare ,it greatly enhance the attraction and literary character.Lime Light(WU TAI DENG GUNAG;舞台灯光), Patton(BA DUN JINAG JUN;巴顿将军), Legal Eagles(FA WANG SHNE YING;法网神鹰), The Piano(GANG QIN KE;钢琴课), The French Connection(FA GUO FAN DU WANG;法国贩毒网), Silas Marner(ZHI GONG MA NAN:织工马南), this is the case.Film title translation is not only the conversion of language but also a cultural exchange.Translation needs follow the correct principles and methods, needs more inspiration and rigorous attitude , in order to make the translation of well-known and widely accepted.In recent years, we widely introduce the foreign works and films, but the introduction of the original books and films are very scarce, these are mostly translated works.Taking the important role of a film title into account, the film producer make efforts to find a proper title that can lead full content, highlight the theme and must be simple and concise, have a profound message.Moreover, the producers try to make the title to be a pair of eyes that can reveal the individuality and give the deep impression to the audience.From the title, people can understand the content of the work, the hero's image, and have a desire for the whole film.People named the film like this, the same as the film title translation.Someone may think the translation of film names is an easy shot, but translating well was not an easy thing actually.It is necessary to conform to the language specification, and should be full of charm;it is necessary to be faithful to the original content of the title, and should be reflect to the original language features of the title.So the translation of film names is the artistic recreation.However, it is not until after more than 100 years of the introduction of first foreign films in China, translation of film names begin to get its due attention.Early research on the subject, such as Brief Discussion on Foreign Film Tittles Translations(Lin Qiuyun, 1996)and Discussion on the Translation of Film Names(Ning zhishou life, 1997), simply emphasizes the translation skills and ignore the cultural and commercial characteristics of the movie title.After entering the 21st century, based on the original translation theory, scholars began to study the features of the film titles from different perspectives.Fore example, He Ying(2001)analysis the characteristics of the movie title from the source of the movie title ,style , feature and category , and made a literal translation﹑free translation ﹑transliteration and another translation.Fang Yongbin, Wang Xiaotong(2005)study from the advertisement feature and cultural characteristics.Now, researchers increasingly attach importance to the film title value reflected in cultural exchanges, business profits and the artistic.3.Problems in the current film title translation Currently, the translation of film titles as a translation not in literary field has not yet attracted enough attention.There are more Chinese people watching films and TV series than reading the literature, but Chinese academia give the translation of literary more attention than the studies of film translation.“(Qian Shao-Chang, 2000: 61).In addition, there are many film titles mistranslations in the current film title translation.I find it mainly caused by the following two reasons after a brief analysis: 3.1 Lack of understanding of cultural connotation ”Title translation should be did after the completion of other translation tasks”.(Newark, 1988:12)Therefore, the translator should translate the movie's title based on watching the whole movie and fully understand the film.The culture is the specific lifestyles and modes of expression of the groups, which use a particular language as the expression “(Newmark, 1998:21).Clearly, the film titles also include certain cultural connotation.If the translator cannot be aware of or misunderstood the cultural connotation, it is likely to have the title caused by mistranslation.E.g1: American film: American Beauty, Mainland and Hong Kong have their own respective title translation version.Mainland translated as ”《美国美人》“, Hong Kong translated as ”《美国丽人》“.Unfortunately, these two simple versions of literal translation is mistranslation.According to the American Heritage Dictionary, American Beauty is a kind of roses, flower leaf length, purple.These beautiful and sacred flowers are symbol of divine love.In the film, the director used this flower as a symbol of a girl's love with the approach of association, Taiwan's translation is《美国心·玫瑰情》and it is more appropriate.3.2 Simply pursuit of business profits

As an entertainment industry, film should to not only entertain the public but also earn the box office revenue.Therefore, the translation of film titles will inevitably be subject to the influence of the marketing strategy of the entire film.To attract audiences, some film titles translation may not have any relationship with the film's storyline.Let us look at the following example:

E.g.: Original Sin(《原罪》)

《激情叛侣》

The Shaw shank Redemption

(《肖申克的救赎》)

《月黑高飞》

Pretty Woman(《漂亮女人》)

《风月俏佳人》

The Lives Of Others(《别人的生活》)

《窃听风暴》

If the readers have read the above-mentioned movies, they will find the second movie title translation far away from the original, and not consistent with the story.Now, there are still a lot of translators, simply pursuit of commercial profit, regardless of any translation principles, resulting in a lot of mistranslation.4.Translation equivalence concept Film is a form of art loved by peoples from all over the world.Excellent film has no national boundaries and it is a very good form of cultural exchange.When we introduce a foreign film, the first thing is to give it a proper name.Good title can make the target language audience eager to see the film faster and therefore, translation of film titles is very important.Zhou Jueliang had pointed out that translations vary based on the different types.Translation of the film title has its own characteristics(He Ming, 1998).From a linguistic point of view, film titles usually have a very simple constitute, usually only a few words.Compared with the other forms of language conversion, which are clearly not limited by deep level language such as sentences, paragraphs, text.However, due to special requirements on the functional, translation of film, titles show complex phenomenon to a certain degree, and it needs to be pointed out with translation theories and principles.Among all translation theory, translation equivalence can be used as important theoretical basis of movie title translations.Translation equivalence concept is a core issue in the modern translation theory in the West.1790, Alexander Fraser Tytler said ”good translations are fully moved advantage of original language to another, make the translate language people can clearly understand, strongly felt just like the original language people feel “in his Brief Discussion on Translation Theory.He first proposed the translation equivalence concept in the history.(Zhang Ling, 1994).America linguistics and translation theorist, Jacobson believes that all human languages have equal expressive power, but in the translation process, we must first overcome the structural differences between the original language and the target language to ensure that text equivalent.Eugene Nada the same as Jacobson, he stressed the commonality of language, but from the point of view of communication science and Informatics, he proposed, “the relationship between translation recipient and translation information should be basically the same as the relationship between the original recipient and the original information.” in 1964,(Jiang Zhiwen, and Wen Jun 2000).Newmark explore the ”reciprocal“ problem from the translation theory's point of view.He divided translation into ”semantic translation“ and ”communicative translation“.Semantic translation focuses on the semantic content of the original text, and communicative translation focused on the reader's understanding and response.Newmark thinks most of the translation of non-literary texts suitable for communicative translation(Newmark, 2001).Moreover, all about this, the center of attention is the function of the language, rather than the language feature, it emphasize the functional equivalence.When it comes to the translation of English film titles, the so-called ”equivalence“ refers that the effect of the film translate title to the target language country audience should be the same as the affect of the original title to the original language nation audience , thereby to created a watching desire and achieve the aim of cultural exchange.In accordance with the principles of equivalent translation, and combine with different actual situation, we can take the method of literal translation, transliteration, free translation in English film title translation.4.1 The literal translation or transliteration Literal translation or transliteration refers that when the title is easy to understand, we can directly translate it according to the literal meaning or pronunciation of the title.Such as:

Ｂｅａｕｔｙ ａｎｄ Ｔｈｅ Ｂｅａｓｔ

《美女与野兽》 Ｂｒａｖｅ Ｈｅａｒｔ

《勇敢的心》 Ｃｉｔｉｚｅｎ Ｋａｎｅ

《公民凯恩》 Ｔｈｅ Ｇｏｄｆａｔｈｅ

《教父》 Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ ｂｅａｕｔｙ

《美国丽人》 Ｃａｓａｂｌａｎｃａ

《卡萨布兰卡》 Ｊａｎｅ Ｅｙｒｅ

《简爱》 Ａｎｎｉｅｎ Ｈａｌ

《安妮・霍尔》 Ｊｕｒａｓｓｉｋ Ｐａｒｋ

《侏罗纪公园》 Ｓｏｕｎｄ ｏｆ Ｍｕｓｉｃ

《音乐之声》 Ｔｉｔａｎｉｃ

《泰坦尼克号》 Ｋｉｎｇ Ａｒｔｈｕｒ

《亚瑟王》 Ｓｃｈｉｎｄｌｅｒ’ｓ ｌｉｓｔ

《辛德勒名单》 Ｇｌａｄｉａｔｏｒ

《角斗士》 Ｌｏｖｅ ｏｆ Ｍａｙ

《五月之恋》

Here is to be noted that, when some names in English film titles are unimportant consonants, it can be omitted in the transliteration.Because if the name more than four words, it is not conducive to memory and Chinese audiences would be awkward to read.Therefore, it should comply with principle of brief.(Hua Xianfa, 1999:190).Annien translated as ”An(安)“, not ”An Nien(安尼恩“;Schindler translated as ”Xin Dele(辛德勒)“, not ”Si Xindele(斯辛德勒)“.Some of the masterpieces of the world, such as Jane Eyre, Juliet, Wuthering Heights, has a relatively fixed in Chinese translation, so the English film title translation should comply with established principles and translate respectively.Which is capable of maintaining the original charm and allows viewers to immediately think of the original works? In addition, the transliteration should used the certain words provided in the transliteration table, and not use the easy associative terms, so as not to cause misunderstanding or make a fool mistake(Hua Xianfa, 1999:190).Jurassic translate as ”ZHU LUO JI(侏罗纪)“, it cannot be translated into ”ZHU RU JI(侏儒纪)“.4.2 Free translation

As mentioned above, English film has massively use of the personal name or geographical names directly as the film title.If translates literally constantly, it is a string of meaningless character to the translated language audience possibility and does not play any attraction role.Therefore, this requests the translator fully understand the movie content and display their subjective initiative, to make the translated title to be faithful to the original content, and transmit the movie content ,and express one's ideas expressively(He Ning, 1998).4.2.1 Literal translation adds the explanation Ｓｌｅｅｐｌｅｓｓ ｉｎ Ｓｅａｔｔｌｅ 《西雅图不眠夜》 Ｔｈｅ Ｎｅｔ 《网络情缘》 Ｍｏｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｋ 《月色撩人》 Ｓａｎｄ ａｎｄ Ｂｌｏｏｄ 《碧血黄沙》 Ｉｎｔｅｒｐｒｅｔｅｒ 《翻译**》

Ｅ．Ｔ． 《Ｅ．Ｔ．外星人》 Ｔｈｅ Ｆｕｇｉｔｉｖｅ 《亡命天涯》 Ｍｙ Ｆａｉｒ Ｌａｄｙ 《窈窕淑女》 Ｐｌａｔｏｏｎ 《野战排》 Ｏｎｃｅ Ｕｐｏｎ ａ Ｔｉｍｅ ｉｎ Ａｍｅｒｉｃａ 《美国往事》 Ｏｎ ｔｈｅ Ｗａｔｅｒｆｒｏｎｔ 《码头风云》 Ａｌｌ Ｑｕｉｅｔ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ Ｗｅｓｔ Ｆｒｏｎｔ 《西线无故事》 Ｆｉｒｓｔ Ｋｎｉｇｈｔ 《剑侠风流》 Ｄａｙｓ Ｔｏｕｃｈｅｄ ｂｙ Ｌｏｖｅ 《心动岁月》 4.2.2 Integration of transliteration and free translation Ｒｏｂｉｎｓｏｎ Ｃｒｕｓｏｅ 《鲁宾逊漂流记》 Ｐａｔｔｏｎ 《巴顿将军》 Ｓｈａｋｅｓｐｅａｒｅ ｉｎ Ｌｏｖｅ 《莎翁情史》 Ｂａｎｂｂｉ 《小鹿班比》 Ｎｏｔｔｉｎｇ Ｈｉｌｌ 《诺丁山情缘》 Ｐｈｉｌｌａｄｅｌｐｈｉａ 《费城故事》 Ｓｈｒｅｋ 《怪物史莱克》 Ａｎｎｅ Ｆｒａｎｋ 《安妮日记》 Ｔｈｅ Ｉｓｌａｎｄ 《神秘岛》 Ｔｈｅ Ｒｉｎｇ 《午夜凶铃》 Ｔｈｅ Ｙｅａｒ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ Ｙｅａｒ 《姚明年》 4.3 Modified translation

4.3.1 Reconstructing the cultural intention

Because of the film and its title always infiltrate into the nation’s certain culture system of literature, history, philosophy, religious, traditional, custom and legend, and plus the diaphragm of culture ring, it often can’t be known by people belongs to another culture system.Therefore, it became ”super language factors“ in language inter-conversion and understanding or communication obstacles.Without carefully consider, it is easily to cause misunderstanding.(Lin Qiuyun, 1996)Such as the film Hobson ' s Choice ,it is translated into the HUO BU XUN DE XUAN ZE(霍布逊的选择).It is about a shoe shopper named Hobson who not willing the eldest daughter married to a guy in the shop, but he give up because he is against by his three daughters’ alliance.Film actor named it Hobson, and does not have any problems apparently.However, Hobson is an English idiom, from the Observer Magazine(1712:509).Hobson is a United Kingdom Cambridge post boss in 16th century, and rental horse to their customers.However, he had a strange temper;he loves his horse very much and always insists on a fixed rotation of rental.When customers went to the stables to rent horse, they can only take the certain one even they do not like, and leave no room for negotiation.Later, people refer to the idiom, means ”there is no choice or room for negotiation“(Ma Gongru, 1997:243).Obviously, the HUO BU XUN DE XUAN ZE(霍布逊的选择)has not translated the pragmatic meaning of it, and unable to achieve functional equivalence with the original film, too.If we change the angle, switched to the culture of intention which Chinese audiences familiar with, and translated into the BIE WU XUAN ZE(别无选择),it will be better.Also Pumpkin Eater, it may be translated into the SHI NAN GUA DE REN(食南瓜的人).But it is derived from a popular nursery rhyme: ”Ｐｅｔｅｒ，Ｐｅｔｅｒ，ｐｕｍｐｋｉｎ ｅａｔｅｒ，ｈａｄ ａ ｗｉｆｅ ａｎｄ ｃｏｕｌｄｎ’ｔ ｋｅｅｐ ｈｅｒ． “So, according to the story, translate into the TAI TAI DE KU MEN(太太的苦闷)seems more appropriate.There are also a lot of success translations, such as the Waterloo Bridge(HUN DUAN LAN QIAO;魂断蓝桥), the Ghost(REN GUI QING WE LIAO:人鬼情未了), the Bridges of Madison County(LANG QIAO YI MENG:廊桥遗梦), The Red Shoes(HONG LING YAN;红菱艳), The Bathing Beauty(CHU SHUI FU RONG;出水芙蓉), Forrest Gump(A GAN ZHENG ZHUN;阿甘正传).These translations discard the literal meaning of the original title, instead of the culture of intention which the Chinese audiences familiar with.4.3.2 Adjusted according to the differences between Chinese and English language

Chinese belong to Sino-Tibetan language family, English belong to Indo-European family.As a consequence, the Chinese emphasis on the accent and English emphasis on the syntactic difference.Because of the influence of doctrine philosophy,Chinese aesthetics audience emphasis on the special balance in the words.Therefore, four-word phrases are extensively using(Chen Hongwei, 1997:28).English stressed the correct syntax, and some films even take a sentence as name.So, the translator should note the differences in Chinese and English language, and make some appropriate adjustments.So those, the translation reader can catch information according to their mode of thinking.Such as:

Ｓｏｕｎｄ ｏｆ Ｍｕｓｉｃ 《音乐之声》 Ｔｏｐ Ｇｕｎ 《壮志凌云》 Ｍｙ Ｆａｉｒ Ｌａｄｙ 《窈窕淑女》 Ｗｉｌｄ Ｗｉｌｄ Ｗｅｓｔ 《飚风战警》 Ｔｈｅ Ｗｉｚａｒｄ ｏｆ Ｏｚ 《绿野仙踪》 Ｔｈｅ Ａｇｅ ｏｆ Ｉｎｎｏｃｅｎｃｅ 《纯真年代》 Ｃｉｔｉｚｅｎ Ｋａｎｅ 《公民凯恩》 Ｂｌａｄｅ Ｒｕｎｎｅｒ 《银翼杀手》 Ｉｔ Ｈａｐｐｅｎｅｄ Ｏｎｅ Ｎｉｇｈｔ 《一夜风流》 Ｉｔ’ｓ ａ Ｗｏｎｄｅｒｆｕｌ Ｌｉｆｅ 《风云人物 Ｍｒ Ｄｅｅｄｓ Ｇｏｅｓ ｔｏ Ｔｏｗｎ 《富贵浮云》 Ｙｏｕ Ｃａｎ’ｔ Ｔａｋｅ ｉｔ Ｗｉｔｈ Ｙｏｕ 《民主万岁》

5.The principle that film titles translation should follow

5.1 Cater for the content of the original film, reflecting the themes of the original film, outstanding original film style

A good film should have a clear theme.Battle about cops and robbers or description of love, to reflect social ethics or science fiction.Film styles vary with different themes.Cops-and-gangsters films give a twist, such as

Speed、《生死 时速 》 The Rock、《石 破天 惊》 The French Connection;

《法国 贩 毒网 》 Romance or romantic lingering, or patience, often give the taste, such as Waterloo Bridge、《魂 断蓝桥》 The Bridges of Madison County、《廊 桥遗梦》 The Piano、《钢琴别恋 》 Ghost、《人 鬼情 未 了》

Shakespeare re in Love;

《恋爱 中 的莎 士 比亚 》 Social and ethical topics serious, warning or enlightenment to people, such as the Kramer VS Kramer、《克雷默夫妇》 Rain M an;

《雨人 》

Fantastic, fantasy, and horror and science fiction films are often set in one about the fantasy world that does not exist in the real world, such as

The E.T.、《外星人 》 Batman、《蝙蝠侠》

Jurassic Park.《侏罗纪公园》

Translations should be able to properly reflect the content of the original movie, its themes, and highlight their style.United States 1939 film taken of Waterloo Bridge Love Story about a pathetic: in 1914, during the first world war, in London, in an air raid alert, luoyi·kelaoning and ballet dancer Myra met Captain young military officers on Waterloo Bridge, they just clicked immediately, and soon fall in love.However, as the war lovers cannot become family members.The heroine buried on the Waterloo Bridge under the wheels, and eliminating kill.Translator translate title is relevant to the Waterloo Bridge movie content, reflects the original tragic, is just right.Translator use ”broken souls“ to make it more acceptable to the audience.United States comedy Mrs.Doubtfire, talking about a story of a divorced man Daniel Hillard dressed up as a fat old woman going to his ex-wife's domestic every day in order to be able to see the children.Comedy scenes continue to appear in the film did some marvelous impressions.The translation is FEI MA XIAN SHANG(肥妈先生).The use of ”MOM“ and ”Sir“ highlighted the comedy style very well.YUN ZHONG MAN BU(云中漫步),the translation of the United States film A Walk in the Clouds are rated as the best.Original title literally means ”in the cloud“.Description of a pair of young men and women filled with scent of grape vineyards in the moving story of love.Vineyards in the movie named ”cloud“ covers a wide, green a, enveloped, is like a dream, love the heroine walks in the park.How romantic and poetic!This translation is in line with the film theme of romantic love, to read ”full of poetic, one Kiss, saw a cloud-like grape flowers smell the aroma of melts your heart all into“ and ”translation of Jacob was decent, image better, meaning long“(He Yue sensitivity, 1997), really colorful, and dominated!

5.2 Concise, easy to remember

Film is an art suit for both refined and popular tastes, and it is a popular form of entertainment too.In a sense, it is a commodity should be widely circulated.In order to make it easier to spread, movie title should be concise and easy to remember.This probably is the “usefulness” said by He Yuemin.Actually many films translation is consistent with the requirements.Such as: Star Wars、《星球大战》

Forrest Gump、《阿甘正传 》

Superman、《超人》

Terminator、《未来战士》

Roman Holiday、《罗马假日》

My Fair Lady、《窈窕淑女》

The Sound of Music、《音乐之声》

For Whom the Bell Tolls、《战地钟声》

On the Golden Pond、《金色池塘》

Bathing Beauty

《出水芙蓉》

It is not difficult to see that these translations use only a few words to translate all the content and meaning of the original movie.Moreover, most of them only four words, just as Chinese idioms, reading full of rhythm, easy catchy and easy to remember and spread.Also some translation of the movie title failed to meet this requirement.Feng HuaZhan(1980), said he saw a movie called the Qipulian·Bolongbeisiku.This title makes him very disgusted, because it is hard to remember and struggled to speak.5.3 Film title conformed to the Chinese language standard, and suited to our viewers enjoys habit.It should be said that some films do not need translator design, just translate it with the corresponding Chinese according to the equivalence principle.Of course, the premise is not to cause the audiences understand difficulties and must conform to the Chinese language standard.For example, the American adventure spy film named North by Northwest.Someone will translate it to XI BEI PAIN BEI(西北偏北).Through the title, viewers do not know what the film about, and it is not in line with Chinese language specification.Therefore, this translation is not desirable.Another translation of the film DIE HAI FENG YUN(谍海风云)is a good translation.Which give the suspense, highlights the style of spy film, clear and concise, while correspond to the Chinese language specifications.English films always use the owner's name or location as the title of the story.There is also the case in our China film, but less.Chinese films’ habit is to use the title to summarize the content of substance.Therefore, the translation of English film Hamlet as HA MU LEI TE(哈姆雷特)is in line with our habits.Oliver Twist translated as WU DU GU ER(雾都孤儿)is better than translated as the AO LIE FU TUI SI TE(奥列佛 退斯特).Because the former give us the place where the story take place(fog city, London)and the identity of the main character(an orphan).The Chinese audience can accept it easily.The American film Gone with the Wind(LUAN SHI JIA REN;乱世佳人)based on the same name novel is a good example.The “LUAN SHI(乱世)” explain the background of the story(the civil war), “JIA REN” named the heroine of the movie and showed the heroine’s frustrated experience.Look at an example.There is a film about American campus life, called Mr.Holland's Opus, The film tells the story of a remarkable music teacher, Holland.Holland works hard for 30 years in his teaching positions.He was “not rich, not famous, but his achievements beyond fame and wealth ”.He influences every student of the school.He is the Orchestra's conductor, each student is his notes, and every student is his works(Opus).Name of the literal translation is the HE LAN XIAN SHENG DE ZUO PIN(贺兰先生的作品), but now it is translated into the CHUN FENG HUA YU(春风化雨).The new translation has a deeper meaning than the formerly and show the movie extraordinary story, allows viewers to experience a teacher’s permeated personality charm.(Cai Weidong, 2000:104-105).At the same time, wonderful translation is like a piece of art, for people to enjoy the beauty of art.6.The conclusion

When the importance of English film titles translation increasingly be reflected, when the shortcomings of the current English film titles translation theory and method is revealed, and when the relevant problems are getting cause the attention of people, I believe that people will intensify research on this area of expertise, moreover, the translation equivalent theory and attention principles I mentioned in paper will make some significances on the development and improvement of the title translation.After continuous efforts, the present translation problems will be gradually resolved, the translation of English film titles will be more standardization, and the usefulness, the literariness and the scientific nature of the translation will greatly enhance.Bibliography ．

[1] Jones, Gareth Stedman.Languages of Class [M].Cambridge: Cambridge University

Press.1983.101.[2] Saussure, Ferdinand de.Course in General Linguistics [M].London: Peter Owen Limited.1960.23, 67, 77, 20, 21, 22, 16.[3] Searle, John R.Speech Acts [M].Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.1969.75.[4] 贺莺．电影片名的翻译理论和方法［Ｊ］．外语教学，２００１（１）[5] 林秋云．外国电影片名翻译简论［Ｊ］．上海科技翻译，１９９６（３）[6] 陆谷孙.英汉大词典[M].上海：上海译文出版社.1991.[7] 顾冠华, 沈广斌.中国传统文化与高等教育[ M ] 北京: 海洋出 版社, 1999 10 [8] 陈炼，陈育．外国电影片名的翻译［Ｊ］．湖南商学院学报，２００３，（９）

Acknowledgments

After finishing my B.A thesis, I really felt that I had come a long way.Many teachers and classmates gave me supports and helps in the process of writing this paper.I’d like first to take this chance to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor associate professor Li Liping, who generously gave me her kindly help and instructions during the whole process of my paper writing, for her patience and guidance for this thesis.I’d like to take this paper not only as the ending of my undergraduate life, but the beginning of my postgraduate study.Most important of all, I want to give my thanks to my mother university and all teachers in the College of Foreign Languages.

第三篇：目的论视角下的英语电影片名汉译研究

目的论视角下的英语电影片名汉译研究

摘要 4-5 Abstract 5-6

Introduction 8-12

Chapter One: Literature Review 12-19

1.1 Traditional Studies on Film Title Translation 12-14

1.2 Studies on Film Title Translation from the Cultural Perspective 14-16

1.3 Studies on Film Title Translation from the Communicative Perspective 16-17

1.4 Studies on Film Title Translation from the Perspective of Translators 17-19 Chapter Two: Theoretical Framework of the Research 19-25

2.1 Hans Vermeer: Skopos Theory and Beyond 19-20

2.2 Basic Concepts of Hans Vermeer's Skopostheorie 20-25 Chapter Three: Film Titles 25-41

3.1 Film genres 25-26

3.2 Features of Film Titles 26-31

3.3 The Functions of English Film Titles 31-35

3.4 Comparison between English and Chinese Film Titles 35-41

Chapter Four: Analysis of English Film Titles Translation from thePerspective of Skopos Theory 41-66

4.1 Application of Skopos Theory to English Film Title Translation 41-46

4.2 Analysis of English film Titles Translation from the Perspective of Skopos Theory 46-52

4.3 Key Elements Influencing the Translation of English Film Titles in Light of Skopos Theory 52-55

4.4 Translation Methods Adopted in the Practice of English Film Title Translation 55-66 Conclusion 66-69 Bibliography 69-71 Acknowledgements

目的论视角下英语旅游文本的英译汉研究 Abstract 6

摘要 7-10

Chapter One Introduction 10-14

1.1 Present Research Situation 10-11

1.2 Purpose and Significance 11-12

1.3 Structure of the Thesis 12-14

Chapter Two English-Chinese Translation of Tourist Text 14-29

2.1 English Tourist Text 15-21

2.1.1 Types of English Tourist Text 16

2.1.2 Function of English Tourist Text 16

2.1.3 Linguistic Characteristics of English Tourist Text 16-21

2.2 Problems in English-Chinese Translation of Tourist Text 21-25

2.2.1 Linguistic Level 21-24

2.2.2 Cultural Level 24-25

2.3 Causes of Existing Problems 25-29

2.3.1 Difference of Social Background 25-26

2.3.2 Difference of Thinking Mode 26-27

2.3.3 Difference of Value 27-29 Chapter Three The Skopos Theory 29-35

3.1 Definition and Development of Vermeer's Skopos Theory 29-32

3.1.1 Definition of the Skopos Theory 30

3.1.2 Behavior of Translation and Purpose of Translation 30-32

3.2 Three Translation Principles of the Skopos Theory 32-33

3.2.1 The Skopos Rule 32

3.2.2 The Coherence Rule 32-33

3.2.3 The Fidelity Rule 33

3.3 Second Generation of the Skopos Theory—Nord's Skopos Theory 33-35

Chapter Four Main Points and Strategy of E—C Translation of Tourist Text Based on Skopos Theory 35-51

4.1 Main Points and Strategy of E-C Translation of Tourist Text Based on Vermeer's the Skopos Rule 35-40

4.1.1 Reader-centered Translation 36-37

4.1.2 Translation with Purpose 37-40

4.2 Main Points and Strategy of E-C Translation of Tourist Text Based on Vermeer's Coherence Rule and Fidelity Rule 40-44

4.2.1 Intratextual Coherence 40-41

4.2.2 Intertextual Coherence 41-44

4.3 Skopos Rule as the Primary Principle in Conflict of the Three Rules 44-45

4.4 Main Points and Strategy of E-C Translation of Tourist Text Based on Nord's Theory 45-51

4.4.1 Understanding Literary Style of the Original Text 46-47

4.4.2 Understanding the Logic of the Original Text 47-48

4.4.3 Understanding Cultural Background of the Original Text 48-49

4.4.4 Understanding Meaning of the Words 49-50

4.4.5 Understanding Grammatical Structure 50-51 Chapter Five Conclusion

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172 哈代的悲观主义和宿命论在《德伯家的苔丝》中的体现 173 《哈利•波特》系列作品中颜色的象征意义

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179 试析英汉颜色习语折射出的中西文化异同 180 《红色英勇勋章》主人公刻画手法分析 181 商务英语信函中名词化结构的翻译

182 英语文学作品与改编电影的差异——以 《傲慢与偏见》及其版改编电影为例 183 学前英语游戏教学法

184 美国个人主义和中国集体主义的对比与分析

185 Living in the Crack: A Study of the Grotesques in Winesburg, Ohio 186 应用多媒体资源提高英语新闻听力 187 目的论指导下的导游词英译策略研究

188 从《看得见风景的房间》看女性身份的遗失和找寻 189 论西尔维娅•普拉斯诗歌中的死亡意象

190 从跨文化的视角分析美国动画“辛普森一家”中的习语现象 191 多媒体技术在英语语境教学中的应用

192 虽不起眼，但不可或缺：从《洛丽塔》中的小人物看亨伯特悲剧的必然性 193 The Tragic Color of Tender Is the Night 194 浅析《黛西米勒》中男女主人公矛盾情感背后的文化冲突 195 从女性意识的角度解读《荆棘鸟》中的女性形象 196 文明的樊笼—解读《野性的呼唤》 197 商务英语翻译中的隐喻研究

198 高中英语词汇教学中文化意识的培养 199 华盛顿•欧文与陶渊明逃遁思想对比研究 200 汉英礼貌原则对比浅析

第五篇：浅谈英文电影片名的翻译

【标题】浅谈英文电影片名的翻译

【作者】石小梅

【关键词】特点；?原则；?方法 【指导老师】何远秀 丁健

【专业】英语

【正文】 I.Introduction? With the increase in cultural exchanges between China and the rest of the world, especially with the Western countries, the movie has gradually stood out as an important media of communication in its own right.Movie titles are always the first thing that the audience comes to know about new movies.Thus a right choice of movie title translation is of great importance to the successful release of a movie.A properly-translated English movie title into the TL can fulfill the following functions：

1.Providing information about the story for the audience by summarizing the main plot, revealing the theme, or offering some clue.2.Adding attraction to the movie and stimulating the audience’s interest and desire for viewing.3.Saving trouble for the cinema, the audience, film reviewers and other research workers in their publicity, choice of viewing, comments and studies.As a branch of non-literary translation, the translation of English movie titles, like many other forms of non-literary translation, has not yet received due attention despite their importance.Peter Newmark has called on the translators to bring their attention to?“two underplayed aspects of translation”, one of which is?“the approach to non-literary translation.” Nida also called for more attention to exploring new fields in translation.This paper, based on an analysis of the present situation of English movie title translation and the characteristics of English movie titles, will introduce principles and techniques of English movie title translation.II.Present Situation of English Movie Title Translation Despite the importance of movie titles, translators have not paid enough attention to their translation.The present situation of English movie title translation allows of no optimism.A.Only a few good renderings There have been very few good renderings since English movies first landed in China.Whenever we refer to good renderings, it is always the few titles that jump into our mind immediately---Waterloo Bridge（魂断蓝桥）, The Bathing Beauty（出水芙蓉）, Sound of Music（音乐之声）, Legend of the Fall（燃情岁月）, Madison County Bridge（廊桥遗梦）,A Walk in the Clouds(云中漫步)，etc.? Among these renderings, many were translated decades ago, such as the first three.In recent years, there are relatively fewer good renderings while there are more crude ones misleading the public.B.Mistranslation Mistranslation of movie titles is mainly caused by the following factors 1.Lacking a comprehensive view of the story “A title is best left untranslated until the rest of the assignment is completed.”1 As for a movie title, it is best left untranslated until the translator watches the movie and fully understands the story.Only with a comprehensive view of the story, can he make a right and the best choice among many possible renderings Sample 1-1 The Silence of the Lambs（沉默的羔羊）

Anyone with a modest knowledge of English will translate it into“羔羊的沉默”rather than?“沉默的羔羊”.And the movie does tell something about the Silence, not the Lambs.But it is ironical that the?“wrong” version sounds more appealing than the?“right” one, and has enjoyed high popularity since its coming into being.Sample 1-2 The Cable Guy（王牌特派员）

On seeing this title, the audience may mistake it as an espionage film.It also has two other renderings“线鬼衰人”and“有线电视狂”, both of which may leave an impression of horror films.But actually it is a very touching story about seeking for friendship despite Jim Carrey’s exaggerated act in it.Maybe another rendering, replacing the misleading“特派员”with“安装员,---王牌安装员”is better.Sample 1-3 Bad Company（坏蛋公司）

The translation sounds not bad, but it is completely irrelevant to the story.It is about a man who has to?“play” his twin brother, an agent having died in his unfinished mission.Another rendering“最差搭档”or“临时特工”may be better for the story.2.Misunderstanding of cultural information Culture is?“the way of life and its manifestations that are peculiar to a community that uses a particular language as its means of expression.”(Newmark, 2001:94)2 There is usually cultural information in movie titles.If the translator is not aware of it or misunderstands it, he is likely to mistranslate the title.Sample 1-4 American Beauty（美国美人/美国丽人）

The mainland and the HK versions both have made a mistake in taking the literal meaning of Beauty.According to the American Heritage Dictionary?(William Morris, 1980:42)3?“American Beauty” is a type of rose bearing large, long-stemmed purplish-red flowers.And the rose is a profound image in the Oscar winner of the Best Picture in 2001, so the Taiwan version“美国心，玫瑰情”seems more to the point.Sample 1-5 First Wives Club（大老婆俱乐部）

“大老婆is not the Chinese equivalent to?“first wife”;rather it may offer a wrong indication that there are“二老婆，三老婆”in America just as in old China where polygamy was popular.Actually Americans have not experienced the period of plural marriage except that some Mormons had practiced it before 1890.In English,?“first wife” refers to the first wo