形容词比较级和最高级变化规则

第一篇：形容词比较级和最高级变化规则

形容词比较级和最高级变化规则

一、比较级的定义：大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更……”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更……”，比较级前面一般用much, even, a little修饰，其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。

二、比较级的构成：（1）规则变化：

①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er

Eg: calm---calmer

tall---taller

smart---smarter ②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-r

Eg: nice---nicer

fine---finer

large---larger ③以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-er”

Eg: early---earlier

happy---happier

busy---busier ④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er

Eg: big---bigger

thin---thinner

hot---hotter ⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more

Eg: popular---more popular

important---more important（2）不规则变化：

少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的：good---better

bad/ill---worse

many/much---more little---less

far---farther/further

old---older/elder

三、比较级的用法:

(一)当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级

1． 表达“A和B一样”，用as…as的结构。公式: A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B

A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as…+B Eg

I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。

He runs as fast as I.他跑得和我一样快。2．表达“A不如B”用not as…as的结构。

公式: A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as…+B

A+助词的否定形式+动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B Eg I am not as tall as you.我没有你高。

He doesn’t run as fast as I.他没有我跑得快。2． 表达“A大于B”用“比较级+than”的结构。公式: A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B…

A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B… Eg I am taller than you.我比你高。

He runs faster than I.他跑得比我快。(二)关于形容词、副词比较级的更多用法

1．比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语，意思是“更…”，“…得…”。常见词有much, a little, even, a lot, a great deal等。Eg

He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。

I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一点点。

想一想，这些词能修饰形容词或副词的原级吗？

2.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。

Eg

I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。This building is 20 meters higher than that one.3．“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。

It is getting warmer and warmer．天气越来越暖和。He is running faster and faster．他跑得越来越快。

0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful．我们祖国越来越美了。

4．“the more…，the more…”表示“越……，就越……”，The more，the better.多多益善。

The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯错就越少。

5．“the more…of the two…”表示“两个当中较。。的一个”

The taller of the two boys is my brother.四、当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的最高级

1．表达“…是…中最…的”,用“the+形容词（副词）的最高级”的结构。后面可以加上表示范围的介词短语或从句。

公式：主语+be动词+the +形容词最高级+（名词）+表示范围的介词短语或从句

主语+实义动词+（the）+形容词最高级+表示范围的介词短语或从句 Eg

He is the tallest(student)in our class.He jumps the highest of the three boys.This is the best book that I have ever read.2．表示“最…的…中一个”，用“one of +the +最高级+复数名词”的结构来表达。

Eg

He is one of the best students in our class.他是我们班最好的学生之一。

This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.这是花园里最漂亮的花之。

注意：(一)形容词的最高级前面有定冠词the , 而副词的最高级前面定冠词the可以省略。但在形容词最高级前有物主代词时，不能要定冠词the.（二）常见的用来表示范围的介词有in, of, among

五、运用形容词、副词比较级应当注意的问题：

(一)、按语法规则，than后面的人称代词应当用主格，但口语当中有时会用宾格代替主格。

两个人进行比较，用比较级。两个人以上进行比较，用最高级。

副词和形容词都有比较级、最高级，分别在该词之后加er、est，但需要注意以下几点： e结尾，则只需要加r、st，如large的比较级和最高级分别是larger，largest。重读音节中有一元音紧接一辅音结尾，则在变比较级最高级前要双写最后的辅音，如：big-bigger-biggest。该词以y结尾，y之前是辅音，则先把y改为i再加er、est，如busy-busier-busiest通常比较级用于二者之间的比较，该词后用上than，如Tom is taller than me.三个音节或以上的副词形容词的比较级最高级则要在词前加more、the most，如beautiful-more beautiful-the most beautiful This box is bigger than that one.也可以通过两个句子陈述作比较但无须用than,如I'm tall, but Tom is taller.而用上最高级的句子无论讲述人或物件数量均在三个或以上,如I'm tall.Tom is taller.Jim is the tallest.That book is the most expensive in our bookshop.Eg

He is more careful than I(me).(二)、只有同类的事物才能比较

e.g

Her bag is bigger than mine.不能说 Her bag is bigger than I.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.不能说The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang

第二篇：形容词比较级和最高级变化规则

形容词比较级和最高级变化规则 形容词级的变化规律和级的用法:

一、形容词级的变化：

1、规律变化：

单音词的变化：（四条）

①一般情况： +er(比较级)+est(最高级)eg :quiet--quieter--the quietest

bright--brighter---the brightest 明亮/聪明的dear--dearest--the dearest clever--cleverer--the cleverest

②词末为--e（不发音）+ r--+st eg:fine--finer--the finest nice--nicer--the nicest cute--cuter--the cutest close--closer--the closest white--whiter--the whitest large--larger--the largest free--freer--freest(特殊)

③重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母的：

双写辅音字母+er--双写辅音字母+est eg:hot--hotter--the hottest big--bigger--the biggest red--redder--the reddest wet--wetter--the wettest sad--sadder--the saddest fat--fatter--the fattest

thin--thinner--the thinnest fit--fitter--fittest

④少数以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节 原根词：

变y为i+er 变y为i+est 形容词和副词用法比较

形容词和副词形容词和副词在语法结构中主要用于比较级和最高级。形容词和副词的构成形式基本上一样，它们的形式与单音节、双音节和多音节有关，当然还有其特殊形式。形容词和副词比较级的基本用法分为同级比较、比较级和最高级三种形式。但这三种形式都有它们特殊的表达方式以及它们的惯用法。对以下要点大家须一一掌握。

第一节 形容词比较级和最高级的形式

一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成

形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下

构 成 法 原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级

① 一般单音节词末尾加er 和 est strong stronger strongest

② 单音节词如果以e结尾，只加r 和st strange stranger strangest ③ 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有 一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加er和est sad big

hot sadder bigger

hotter saddest biggest hottest

④ 少数以y,er(或ure),ow,ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加er和est(以y结尾的词，如y前是辅音字母，把y变成i，再加er和est，以e结尾的词仍

只加r和st)angry clever narrow

noble angrier cleverer narrower

nobler angrest cleverest narrowest noblest

⑤ 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more和most different more different most different

1)The most high 〔A〕 mountain in 〔B〕 the world is Mount Everest，which is situated 〔C〕 in Nepal and is

twentynine thousand one hundred and fourty one feet high 〔D〕.2)This house is spaciouser 〔A〕 than that 〔B〕 white 〔C〕 one I bought in Rapid City，South Dakota 〔D〕 last year.3)Research in the social 〔A〕 sciences often proves difficulter 〔B〕 than similar 〔C〕 work in the physical 〔D〕 sciences.二、形容词比较级或最高级的特殊形式：

1.三个或三个以上音节的形容词只能加more和most

只能说 more beautiful而不能说beautifuller;只能说the most beautiful而不能说beautifullest。

但是，以形容前缀un结尾的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，如unhappy,untidy，我们可以说：unhappier→unhappiest, untidier→untidiest

2.由ING分词和ED分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级

more(most)striking, more(most)interesting, more(most)wounded, more(most)worn等。

4)The drawings 〔A〕 of the old masters 〔B〕 are among the treasuredest 〔C〕 works in museums 〔D〕.3.英语里有些形容词由于其词义而不可能有比较级形式

absolute fatal main right universal chief final naked simulta-utter entire foremost perfect neous vital

eternalinevitablepossiblesufficientwhole

excellent infinite primary supreme wooden

三、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式

good

well betterbest bad

illworseworst many

much moremost little

few lessleast

far fartherfarthest

furtherfurthest 5)African elephants are larger，fiercer，and difficulter 〔A〕 to tame 〔B〕 than 〔C〕 Asian elephants 〔D〕.6)Sarah Hale became 〔A〕 one of the famousest 〔B〕 magazine 〔C〕 editors in the United States during 〔D〕 the 1800's.7)Of all 〔A〕 the Native American tribes 〔B〕，the Shawnee Indians were 〔C〕 a most 〔D〕 transient.四、例题解析

1)A错。应将“most high”改为highest。这是在考形容词比较级的构成形式。2)A错。改为more spacious。3)B错。改为more difficult。

4)C错。treasured 在本句中是ED分词(动词treasure ＋ed)作形容词使用，是“宝贵的、珍贵的”意思，修饰名词 works(作品)，其最高级形式应用 the most treasured。5)A错，改为more difficult。

6)B错。改为“the most famous”，因为famous(著名的)是双音节，其最高级变化应在前面加“the most”。

7)D错。应改为“the most”，因为此处表示的是最高级，“the most transient”意为“(延续时间)最短暂的”。

第二节 副词比较级和最高级的形式

副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样 一般 副词

hard→harder →hardest fast→faster →fastest late→later →latest

early→earlier →earliest 特殊 副词

well →better →best much →more →most badly →worse →worst

little →less →least 但是，开放类副词即以后缀ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加er或est，如

quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly 〔注〕： early中的ly不是后缀，故可以把y变i再加er和est

第三节 形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法

一、原级比较的基本用法

1.原级比较由“as＋形容词或副词(或再加名词或短语)＋as ”构成“原级相同”比较句，表示两者比较；其否定式，即“程度不及”比较句型为“not so(as)＋形容词或副词＋as”，而且as...as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰

1)Walking briskly for thirty minutes will burn as many calories as.〔A〕 to run for fifteen minutes 〔B〕 running for fifteen minutes 〔C〕 you run for fifteen minutes 〔D〕 fifteenminute walking 2)The gorilla(大猩猩)，while 〔A〕 not quite as curious than 〔B〕 the chimpanzee(黑猩猩)，shows more persistence 〔C〕 and memory retention(记忆力)in solving 〔D〕 a problem.3)Alaska is twice 〔A〕 as larger 〔B〕 as 〔C〕 the next largest 〔D〕 state，Texas.2.“as(so)＋名词＋as＋名词”进行名词比较，这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词，但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语，应当用so而不用as 4)Thomas Jefferson's achievements as an architect rival his contributions a politician.〔A〕 such 〔B〕 more 〔C〕 as 〔D〕 than

5)I should say Henry is not much a writer as a reporter.(88年考题)〔A〕 that 〔B〕 so 〔C〕 this 〔D〕 as

二、比较级

1.比较级由“形容词(副词)比较级＋than＋...，”构成表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加...”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、ING结构和ED结构，有时也可省去than。

6)Natural mica(云母)of 〔A〕 a superior 〔B〕 quality is cheapest 〔C〕 to obtain than synthetic 〔D〕 mica.7)She is older than.〔A〕 any other girl in the group 〔B〕 any girl in the group 〔C〕 all girls in the group

〔D〕 you and me as well as the group

8)Josephine McCrackin joined 〔A〕 the “Santa Cruz Sentinel” in 1905 and，until her death fifteen years late 〔B〕，remained 〔C〕 active in journalistic 〔D〕 work.2.注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致

9)The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than.〔A〕 ours 〔B〕 with us

〔C〕 for ours it had 〔D〕 it did for us 10)Sound travels air.〔A〕 faster through water than through 〔B〕 faster than through water and 〔C〕 through water faster and〔D〕 where it is faster through water than through

11)Gerbrand von den Feckhout，one of Rembrand's pupils，followed 〔A〕 the style of his teacher so implicitly that 〔B〕 his paintings 〔C〕 are sometimes confused with his master 〔D〕.三、最高级

1.最高级用于三者以上比较，形容词的结构形式是“定冠词＋形容词最高级＋名词＋表示范围的短语或从句”(如all, of all, of the tree, in the world, that has ever taken place等)12)The more 〔A〕 fearsome of all the 〔B〕 animals in 〔C〕 the Western 〔D〕 Hemisphere is the grizzly bear.13)Of all economic 〔A〕 problems，inflation continues to be 〔B〕 a 〔C〕 most significant in its daily impact on 〔D〕 people and business.14)，the most familiar to general public is the criminal jurisdiction.〔A〕 All the activities 〔B〕 The activities

〔C〕 Of all the activities 〔D〕 It is the activities

2.副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the

四、例题解析

1)B为正确答案。

2)B错。改为 as，和前面的as和形容词原形curious 一起构成同程度比较。

3)B错。改为as large。

4)C对。动词rival(胜过、匹敌)前后是两个相比较的成分achievements(成果)和 contributions(贡献)，由于前面的名词后出现了短语 as an architect，故空白处也应用as，使前后对比成分一致。

5)B为正确答案。

6)C错。应改为比较级cheaper。比较级后并不一定跟接连词than，有时在其间有名词或名词短语(被形容词所修饰)，介词短语，不定式或其他成分隔开。

7)A为正确答案。“She”作为单个不能跟全组比(C和D不对)，也不能跟全组所有相比，因为“她”也是其中一员，自然“她”不能跟自己相比。这里“She”比较的是“这组中的任何一个”，所以A对。

8)B错。应改为比较级later，因此处实为与1905年相比晚15年，故应使用比较级。

9)D为正确答案。

10)A为正确答案。

11)D错。改为his master's。

12)A错。改为most。

13)C错。改为the，significant是多音节形容词，在此处应用最高级形式(在前面加 the most)，注意句中的“of all...”。

14)C为正确答案。本句空白处缺状语，A和B全为名词短语，不符合条件；D为句子，和空白后面的句子没有任何联系，故亦应排除。只有C正确，和后面的最高级the most familiar前后呼应。

第四节 形容词和副词的特殊表达法

一、形容词与副词的同级比较： 由“as(so)...as”引出，其否定式为“not so...”或“not as...as”,考生还应注意下列含有“as”结构或短语的句子

1.as such：表示上文所指明的事或人

He is a child,and must be treated as such.他是个孩子，必须被当作孩子对待。

2.as much：表示“与...同量”

Take as much as you like.拿多少都行。

I would gladly have paid twice as much for it.就是价格再贵一倍，我也会愿意把它买下的。

He as much as admitted the whole story.他几乎全部承认了。

3.as many：表示“与...一样多”

I found six mistakes in as many lines.我在六行中发现了六个错。

二、表示“几倍于”的比较级：用twice(两倍)，four times(四倍)，ten times(十倍)加上as...as 结构

This one is four times as big as that one.这个是那个的四倍大。(这个比那个大三倍。)/ Our campus is three times as large as yours.我们的校园比你们的大两倍。/ He has books twice as many as she does.他的书比她多一倍。

1)The fiveyear deal obligates 〔A〕 the country to buy nine million tons 〔B〕 of grain a year 〔C〕，three million more as 〔D〕 the old pact's minimum.三、“the same ＋名词＋as”表示同等比较

2)The lens of a camera performs the lens of the eye.〔A〕 in the same function 〔B〕 the same function as

〔C〕 the function is the same as 〔D〕 and has the same function

3)The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would

have as the amount of money borrowed.〔A〕 as the same value 〔B〕 the same value

〔C〕 value as the same 〔D〕 the value is the same

四、比较级前可用a little, a bit, slightly, a great deal, a lot,many, much等词语表示不定量，far, completely,still表示程度或更进一步

4)There are now methods for studying color vision in infants than there once were.〔A〕 more sophisticated than 〔B〕 much more sophisticated 〔C〕 much sophisticated 〔D〕 sophisticated

5)The photographs of Mars taken by satellite are than those taken from the Earth.〔A〕 clearest 〔B〕 the clearest 〔C〕 much clearer 〔D〕 more clearer

6)Common porpoises(海豚)are usually not considered 〔A〕 migratory，although 〔B〕 some do move 〔C〕 to more warmer 〔D〕 waters in winter.兼有两种形式的副词

1)close与closely

close意思是“近”； closely 意思是“仔细地” He is sitting close to me.Watch him closely.2)late 与lately

late意思是“晚”； lately 意思是“最近” You have come too late.What have you been doing lately?

3)deep与deeply

deep意思是“深”，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，“深深地” He pushed the stick deep into the mud.Even father was deeply moved by the film.4)high与highly

high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much The plane was flying high.I think highly of your opinion.5)wide与widely

wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”，“在许多地方” He opened the door wide.English is widely used in the world.6)free与freely

free的意思是“免费”；freely 的意思是“无限制地” You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.You may speak freely;say what you like.形容词使用顺序巧记忆

当两个以上形容词修饰一个名词，形容词该如何排列? 为什么不能说a black new pen，而要说成a new black pen? 这里面有无规则可循?

如果你记住Opshacom这个为帮助记忆而杜撰的词，就能掌握英语中形容词排列的顺序。

Opshacom中op代表opinion，指表示人们观点的形容词，如beautiful，horrible，lovely，nice等；

sh代表shape，指表示形状的形容词，如long，short，round, narrow等；

a代表age，指表示年龄、时代的形容词，如old，new，young等；

c代表colour，指表示颜色的形容词，如red,black, orange等；

o代表origin，指表示国籍、地区的形容词，如British，Canadian，German等；

m代表material，指表示材料的形容词，如plastic，metal，aluminium等。

英语中这六类形容词连用时就按上述先后顺序排列，如a nice long new black British plastic pen当然，实际语言使用中不可能出现这么多形容词连用的情况。

第三篇：形容词比较级和最高级变化规则1

形容词比较级和最高级变化规则

形容词级的变化规律和级的用法:

一、形容词级的变化：

1、规律变化：

单音词的变化：（四条）

①一般情况： +er(比较级)+est(最高级)eg :quiet--quieter--the quietest

bright--brighter---the brightest 明亮/聪明的dear--dearest--the dearest clever--cleverer--the cleverest ②词末为--e（不发音）+ r--+st eg:fine--finer--the finest nice--nicer--the nicest cute--cuter--the cutest close--closer--the closest white--whiter--the whitest large--larger--the largest free--freer--freest(特殊)

③重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母的：

双写辅音字母+er--双写辅音字母+est eg:hot--hotter--the hottest big--bigger--the biggest red--redder--the reddest wet--wetter--the wettest sad--sadder--the saddest fat--fatter--the fattest

thin--thinner--the thinnest fit--fitter--fittest

④少数以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节 原根词：

变y为i+er 变y为i+est

形容词和副词用法比较

形容词和副词形容词和副词在语法结构中主要用于比较级和最高级。形容词和副词的构成形式基本上一样，它们的形式与单音节、双音节和多

音节有关，当然还有其特殊形式。形容词和副词比较级的基本用法分为同级比较、比较级和最高级三种形式。但这三种形式都有它们特殊的表达方式以及它们的惯用法。对以下要点大家须一一掌握。

第一节 形容词比较级和最高级的形式

一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成

形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下

构 成 法 原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级

① 一般单音节词末尾加er 和 est strong stronger strongest

② 单音节词如果以e结尾，只加r 和st strange stranger strangest

③ 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有 一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加er和est sad big

hot sadder bigger

hotter saddest biggest hottest

④ 少数以y,er(或ure),ow,ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加er和est(以y结尾的词，如y前是辅音字母，把y变成i，再加er和est，以e结尾的词仍

只加r和st)angry clever narrow

noble angrier cleverer narrower

nobler angrest cleverest narrowest noblest

⑤ 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more和most different more

different most different

1)The most high 〔A〕 mountain in 〔B〕 the world is Mount Everest，which is situated 〔C〕 in Nepal and is

twentynine thousand one hundred and fourty one feet high 〔D〕.2)This house is spaciouser 〔A〕 than that 〔B〕 white 〔C〕 one I bought in Rapid City，South Dakota 〔D〕 last year.3)Research in the social 〔A〕 sciences often proves difficulter 〔B〕 than similar 〔C〕 work in the physical 〔D〕 sciences.二、形容词比较级或最高级的特殊形式：

1.三个或三个以上音节的形容词只能加more和most

只能说 more beautiful而不能说beautifuller;只能说the most beautiful而不能说beautifullest。

但是，以形容前缀un结尾的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，如unhappy,untidy，我们可以说：unhappier→unhappiest, untidier→untidiest

2.由ING分词和ED分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级

more(most)striking, more(most)interesting, more(most)wounded, more(most)worn等。

4)The drawings 〔A〕 of the old masters 〔B〕 are among the treasuredest 〔C〕 works in museums 〔D〕.3.英语里有些形容词由于其词义而不可能有比较级形式

absolute fatal main right universal chief final naked simulta-utter entire foremost perfect neous vital

eternalinevitablepossiblesufficientwhole excellent infinite primary supreme wooden

三、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式

good

well betterbest bad

illworseworst

many

much moremost little

few lessleast far fartherfarthest furtherfurthest

5)African elephants are larger，fiercer，and difficulter 〔A〕 to tame 〔B〕 than 〔C〕 Asian elephants 〔D〕.6)Sarah Hale became 〔A〕 one of the famousest 〔B〕

magazine 〔C〕 editors in the United States during 〔D〕 the 1800’s.7)Of all 〔A〕 the Native American tribes 〔B〕，the Shawnee Indians were 〔C〕 a most 〔D〕 transient.四、例题解析

1)A错。应将“most high”改为highest。这是在考形容词比较级的构成形式。

2)A错。改为more spacious。

3)B错。改为more difficult。

4)C错。treasured 在本句中是ED分词(动词treasure ＋ed)作形容词使用，是“宝贵的、珍贵的”意思，修饰名词 works(作品)，其最高级形式应用 the most treasured。

5)A错，改为more difficult。

6)B错。改为“the most famous”，因为famous(著名的)是双音节，其最高级变化应在前面加“the most”。

7)D错。应改为“the most”，因为此处表示的是最高级，“the most transient”意为“(延续时间)最短暂的”。

第二节 副词比较级和最高级的形式

副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样

一般 副词

hard→harder →hardest fast→faster →fastest late→later →latest

early→earlier →earliest

特殊 副词

well →better →best much →more →most badly →worse →worst

little →less →least 但是，开放类副词即以后缀ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加er或est，如

quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly 〔注〕： early中的ly不是后缀，故可以把y变i再加er和est

第三节 形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法

一、原级比较的基本用法

1.原级比较由“as＋形容词或副词(或再加名词或短语)＋as ”构成“原级相同”比较句，表示两者比较；其否定式，即“程度不及”比较句型为“not so(as)＋形容词或副词＋as”，而且as…as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰

1)Walking briskly for thirty minutes will burn as many calories as.〔A〕 to run for fifteen minutes 〔B〕 running for fifteen minutes 〔C〕 you run for fifteen minutes 〔D〕 fifteenminute walking 2)The gorilla(大猩猩)，while 〔A〕 not quite as curious than 〔B〕 the chimpanzee(黑猩猩)，shows more persistence 〔C〕 and memory retention(记忆力)in solving 〔D〕 a problem.3)Alaska is twice 〔A〕 as larger 〔B〕 as 〔C〕 the next largest 〔D〕 state，Texas.2.“as(so)＋名词＋as＋名词”进行名词比较，这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词，但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语，应当用so而不用as

4)Thomas Jefferson’s achievements as an architect rival his contributions a politician.〔A〕 such 〔B〕 more 〔C〕 as 〔D〕 than

5)I should say Henry is not much a writer as a reporter.(88

年考题)〔A〕 that 〔B〕 so 〔C〕 this 〔D〕 as

二、比较级

1.比较级由“形容词(副词)比较级＋than＋…，”构成表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加…”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、ING结构和ED结构，有时也可省去than。

6)Natural mica(云母)of 〔A〕 a superior 〔B〕 quality is cheapest 〔C〕 to obtain than synthetic 〔D〕 mica.7)She is older than.〔A〕 any other girl in the group 〔B〕 any girl in the group 〔C〕 all girls in the group

〔D〕 you and me as well as the group

8)Josephine McCrackin joined 〔A〕 the “Santa Cruz Sentinel” in 1905 and，until her death fifteen years late 〔B〕，remained 〔C〕 active in journalistic 〔D〕 work.2.注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致

9)The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than.〔A〕 ours 〔B〕 with us

〔C〕 for ours it had 〔D〕 it did for us 10)Sound travels air.〔A〕 faster through water than through 〔B〕 faster than through water and

〔C〕 through water faster and〔D〕 where it is faster through water than through

11)Gerbrand von den Feckhout，one of Rembrand’s pupils，followed 〔A〕 the style of his teacher so implicitly that 〔B〕 his paintings 〔C〕 are sometimes confused with his master 〔D〕.三、最高级

1.最高级用于三者以上比较，形容词的结构形式是“定冠词＋形容词最

高级＋名词＋表示范围的短语或从句”(如all, of all, of the tree, in the world, that has ever taken place等)

12)The more 〔A〕 fearsome of all the 〔B〕 animals in 〔C〕 the Western 〔D〕 Hemisphere is the grizzly bear.13)Of all economic 〔A〕 problems，inflation continues to be 〔B〕 a 〔C〕 most significant in its daily impact on 〔D〕 people and business.14)，the most familiar to general public is the criminal jurisdiction.〔A〕 All the activities 〔B〕 The activities

〔C〕 Of all the activities 〔D〕 It is the activities

2.副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the

四、例题解析

1)B为正确答案。

2)B错。改为 as，和前面的as和形容词原形curious 一起构成同程度比较。

3)B错。改为as large。

4)C对。动词rival(胜过、匹敌)前后是两个相比较的成分achievements(成果)和 contributions(贡献)，由于前面的名词后出现了短语 as an architect，故空白处也应用as，使前后对比成分一致。

5)B为正确答案。

6)C错。应改为比较级cheaper。比较级后并不一定跟接连词than，有时在其间有名词或名词短语(被形容词所修饰)，介词短语，不定式或其他成分隔开。

7)A为正确答案。“She”作为单个不能跟全组比(C和D不对)，也不能跟全组所有相比，因为“她”也是其中一员，自然“她”不能跟自己相比。这里“She”比较的是“这组中的任何一个”，所以A对。

8)B错。应改为比较级later，因此处实为与1905年相比晚15年，故应使用比较级。

9)D为正确答案。

10)A为正确答案。

11)D错。改为his master’s。

12)A错。改为most。

13)C错。改为the，significant是多音节形容词，在此处应用最高级形式(在前面加 the most)，注意句中的“of all… ”。

14)C为正确答案。本句空白处缺状语，A和B全为名词短语，不符合

条件；D为句子，和空白后面的句子没有任何联系，故亦应排除。只有C正确，和后面的最高级the most familiar前后呼应。

第四节 形容词和副词的特殊表达法

一、形容词与副词的同级比较： 由“as(so)…as”引出，其否定式为“not so…”或“not as…as”,考生还应注意下列含有“as”结构或短语的句子

1.as such：表示上文所指明的事或人

He is a child,and must be treated as such.他是个孩子，必须被当作孩子对待。

2.as much：表示“与…同量”

Take as much as you like.拿多少都行。

I would gladly have paid twice as much for it.就是价格再贵一倍，我也会愿意把它买下的。

He as much as admitted the whole story.他几乎全部承认了。

3.as many：表示“与…一样多”

I found six mistakes in as many lines.我在六行中发现了六个错。

二、表示“几倍于”的比较级：用twice(两倍)，four times(四倍)，ten times(十倍)加上as … as 结构

This one is four times as big as that one.这个是那个的四倍大。(这个比那个大三倍。)/ Our campus is three times as large as yours.我们的校园比你们的大两倍。/ He has books twice as many as she does.他的书比她多一倍。

1)The fiveyear deal obligates 〔A〕 the country to buy nine million tons 〔B〕 of grain a year 〔C〕，three million more as 〔D〕 the old pact’s minimum.三、“the same ＋名词＋as”表示同等比较

2)The lens of a camera performs the lens of the eye.〔A〕 in the same function 〔B〕 the same function as 〔C〕 the function is the same as 〔D〕 and has the same function

3)The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would have as the amount of money borrowed.〔A〕 as the same value 〔B〕 the same value

〔C〕 value as the same 〔D〕 the value is the same

四、比较级前可用a little, a bit, slightly, a great deal, a lot,many, much等词语表示不定量，far, completely,still表示程度或更进一步

4)There are now methods for studying color vision in infants than there once were.〔A〕 more sophisticated than 〔B〕 much more sophisticated 〔C〕 much sophisticated 〔D〕 sophisticated

5)The photographs of Mars taken by satellite are than those taken from the Earth.〔A〕 clearest 〔B〕 the clearest 〔C〕 much clearer 〔D〕 more clearer

6)Common porpoises(海豚)are usually not considered 〔A〕 migratory，although 〔B〕 some do move 〔C〕 to more warmer 〔D〕 waters in winter.兼有两种形式的副词

1)close与closely

close意思是“近”； closely 意思是“仔细地” He is sitting close to me.Watch him closely.2)late 与lately

late意思是“晚”； lately 意思是“最近” You have come too late.What have you been doing lately? 3)deep与deeply

deep意思是“深”，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，“深深地”

He pushed the stick deep into the mud.Even father was deeply moved by the film.4)high与highly

high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much The plane was flying high.I think highly of your opinion.5)wide与widely

wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”，“在许多地方” He opened the door wide.English is widely used in the world.6)free与freely

free的意思是“免费”；freely 的意思是“无限制地”

You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.You may speak freely;say what you like.形容词使用顺序巧记忆

当两个以上形容词修饰一个名词，形容词该如何排列? 为什么不能说a black new pen，而要说成a new black pen? 这里面有无规则可循?

如果你记住Opshacom这个为帮助记忆而杜撰的词，就能掌握英语中形容词排列的顺序。

Opshacom中op代表opinion，指表示人们观点的形容词，如beautiful，horrible，lovely，nice等；

sh代表shape，指表示形状的形容词，如long，short，round, narrow等；

a代表age，指表示年龄、时代的形容词，如old，new，young等；

c代表colour，指表示颜色的形容词，如red,black, orange等；

o代表origin，指表示国籍、地区的形容词，如British，Canadian，German等；

m代表material，指表示材料的形容词，如plastic，metal，aluminium等。

英语中这六类形容词连用时就按上述先后顺序排列，如a nice long new black British plastic pen当然，实际语言使用中不可能出现这么多形容词连用的情况。

第四篇：(总)形容词比较级和最高级规律和不规则变化

形容词比较级和最高级

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变化规律： 1.单音节形容词或副词后面直接加-er tall—taller

fast—faster 2.以-e结尾的单音节形容词或副词直接加-r large—larger

nice—nicer 3.以-y结尾的形容词或副词，改-y为-i再加-er busy—busier

early—earlier 4.形容词或副词是重读闭音节时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er hot—hotter

big—bigger 5.多音节形容词或副词前面直接加more delicious—more delicious beautiful—more beautiful 6.不规则变化

good(well)—better

bad(badly)—worse 不规则变化

少数单音节词前面加more-, most-构成比较级和最高级 tired---more tired, most tired fond---more fond, most fond glad---more glad, most glad bored---more bored, most bored pleased---more pleased, most pleased good/well----better, best bad/badly/ill---worse,worst many/much----more,most little----less, least far---farther/farthest, further,furthest 下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级有两种形式 Cruel---crueler, cruelest/ more cruel, most cruel Strict---stricter,strictest/ more strict, most strict Friendly---friendlier, friendliest/ more friendly, most friendly Clever---cleverer, cleverest/ more clever, most clever 下列形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级（即表示“最高程度”或“绝对状态”的形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级）

Empty, wrong, perfect, unique, extreme, excellent, favourite, true, right,correct, extremely 等。

第五篇：形容词和副词 比较级 最高级 教案

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法：

当两种物体之间相互比较时，我们要用形容词或副词的比较级；

当相互比较的物体是三个或三个以上时，我们就要用形容词或副词的最高级。

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变化规律： 1.单音节形容词或副词后面直接加-er或-est tall—taller—tallest fast—faster—fastest 2.以-e结尾的单音节形容词或副词直接加-r或-st large—larger—largest nice—nicer—nicest 3.以-y结尾的形容词或副词，改-y为-i再加-er或-est busy—busier—busiest early—earlier—earliest 4.形容词或副词是重读闭音节时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er或-est hot—hotter—hottest big—bigger—biggest 5.多音节形容词或副词前面直接加more或most delicious—more delicious—most delicious beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful 6.不规则变化

good(well)—better—best bad(badly)—worse—worst

常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级: bad worse worst far farther(further)farthest（只指距离）(furthest)（用处较广）good better best little less least many／much more most old elder(older)eldest（仅指人）(oldest)（指人和物）形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示“较不”和“最不” important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要

farther／farthest和further／furthest这些形式都可以指距离。further同样可以指“另外的／更多的”，主要和抽象名词一起用：

Further education will be meaningful．很快会得到更多的供应。

Further discussion would be pointless．继续讨论／辩论是无意义的。I am too tired to go farther.elder，eldest；older，oldest elder和eldest主要表示的是长幼顺序而非年龄大小。主要用于表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系，如my elder brother（我的兄长／哥哥），her eldest boy／girl（她的长子／长女）。但在than前不能用elder，只能用older： He is older than I am．他比我年龄大。

A、形容词的原级可与as„as连用表示“和„„同样„„”，与not as／so„as连用表不“不如„„那样„„”：

A boy of sixteen is often as tall as his father．一个16岁的男孩常长得和他父亲一样高。He was as white as a sheet．他面色苍白如纸。

Your coffee is not as／so good as my mother’s．你煮的咖啡不如我母亲煮的好。

几个关于as...as的常见句型：

(1)as...as possible 尽

可能

Please answer my question as soon as possible.请尽快回答我的问题。

(2)as...as usual/before 像往常一样 像以前一样

She looks as pretty as before.她看起来和以前一样漂亮。

(3)长达as long as...(引导条件状语从句)只要

It took us as long as three years to carry out the plan.我们花了长达三年的时间才完成这项计划。

(4)as far as 远至

He walked as far as the railway station yesterday evening.昨天傍晚，他一直散步到火车站。

(5)as well as

She cooks as well as her mother does.她烧菜烧得跟她母亲一样好。

一些带有as...as结构的常见短语归纳：

as busy as a bee像蜜蜂一样忙碌

as easy as ABC像ABC一样容易

as deep as a well像井一样深

as light as a feather像羽毛一样轻

as soft as butter像黄油一样软

as rich as a Jew像犹太人一样富裕

形容词比较级的用法: 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。Our teacher is than we are.我们老师的个子比我们的高。

It is today than it was yesterday.今天的天气比昨天暖和。

This picture is than that one.这张照片比那张照片漂亮。

This meeting is than that one.这次会议不如那次会议重要。The sun is than the moon.太阳比月亮大得多。

形容词最高级的用法: 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。

She is student her class.她是班上最好的学生。

Shanghai is one of cities China.上海是中国最大城市之一 This is apple I have ever met.这是我见到的最大的苹果。

Tom is boy in his basketball team.汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。

2．“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越„„”

如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。

It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。

The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大。

Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。

3．在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。

如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim还是Tom?

4.“the +比较级„„, the+比较级”，表示“越„„越„„”。

The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。

The harder you work,the more you get.The sooner，the better.越快越好。

5.如果在两者之间表示“最„„”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：

John is the cleverer of the two boys.Of the two boys, John is the cleverer

6.表示倍数的比较级用法：

① A is „times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如：Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)

③.A is „times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如：Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。

7.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最„„”的意思。

句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three, in our class等等。

如：He is the tallest in our class.他在我们班里是最高的。

8.比较级与最高级的转换：

Mike is the most intelligent in his class.Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class 9.修饰比较级

①.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even等。very quite

注意事项：比较等级应注意避免和包括自己的对象比。比较级+than+

any other + 单数名词 all the other + 复数名词 anyone else any of the other + 复数名词

要避免重复使用比较级。

(错)He is more cleverer than his brother.(对)He is more clever than his brother.(对)He is cleverer than his brother.9.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。

(错)China is larger than any country in Asia.(对)China is larger than any other country in Asia.10.要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。

The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.He likes playing chess more than watching TV.与看电视相比，他更喜欢下棋

It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.1.Summer is _______(hot)season of the year.2.Shanghai is one of _______(big)cities in the world.3.The Huanghe River isn’t so _______(long)as the Changjiang River.4.Who is _______(tall), the girl or the boy? 5.I think English is _______(interesting)than math.6.The more, the _______(good).7.The people’s life in Southern Africa is getting _______ and _______(bad).8.Things are much _______(light)on the moon than on the earth.9.He is _______(old)of the two brothers.10.The car driver is very _______(careful)when he is driving.1.Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______(clever).2.Gold(黄金)is ______(little)useful than iron(铁).3.My sister is two years _______(old)than I.4.John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _____(young)child.5.The _____(cheap)bags are the not usually the best ones.6.The short one is by far _______ expensive of the five.7.The boy is not so ______(interesting)as his brother.8.Dick sings _____(well), she sings ______(well)than John, but Mary sings______(well)in her class.9.She will be much ______(happy)in her mew house.10.This dress is ______ that.(twice, as„as„, expensive)

1.Bob never does his homework_____ Mary.He makes lots of mistakes.A.so careful as B.as carefully as C.carefully as D.as careful as 2.___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.A.The best;the more B.The more;the less C.The more;less D.More;the more 3.I like___ one of the two books.A.the older B.oldest C.the oldest D.older 4.China has a large population than __ in the world.A.all the countries B.every country C.any country D.any other country 5.Which is___country, China or Japan? A.the large B.the larger C.larger D.largest 6.The sick boy is getting __ day by day.A.worse B.bad C.badly C.worst 7.This necklace looks __ and sells.A.well, well B.good, nice C.nice, good D.nice, well 8.Of the two cups, he bought.A.the smaller B.the smallest C.small D: smaller 9.Usually Xiao Li spends __ time doing homework than XiaoChen does.A.little B less C.few D.fewer 10.A horse is __ than a dog.A.much heavy B.more heavier C.much heavier D.more heavy 11.Which is __ season in Beijing? I think it’s spring.A.good B.well C.best D.the best 12.What animal do like ___? I like all kinds of animals.A.better B.best C.very D.well 13.Hainan is a very large island.It’s the second island in China.A.large B.larger C.largest D.most large 14.The jacket was so___ that he decided to buy it.A.much B.little C.expensive D.cheap 15.Our classroom is____ larger than theirs.A.more B.quite C.very D.much 16.These children are ____ this year than they were last year.A.more tall B.more taller C.very taller D.much taller 17.My mother is no ___ young.A.shorter B.longer C.little D.few 18.Your room is ___ than mine.A.three time big B.three times big C.three times bigger D.bigger three times 19.His father is____than his mother.;A.older four years B.as four years older C.four years older D.bigger four years 20.Maths is more popular than____.A.any other subject B.all the subjects C.any subject D.other subject 21.China is larger than ____ in Africa.A.any other country B.other countries C.the other country D.any country 22.I think science is _ than Japanese.A.much important B.important C.much more important D.more much important 23.When spring comes, it gets____.A.warm and warm B.colder and colder C.warmer and warmer D.shorter and shorter 24.I think the story is not so ___ as that one.A.interesting B.interested C.more interesting D.most interesting 25.At last he began to cry ___.A.hard and hard B.more hard and more hard C.harder and harder D.less hard and less harder 26.When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____.A.short;long B.long;short C.longer;shorter D.shorter;longer 27.___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.A.The best;the more B.The more;the less C.The more;less D.More;the more 28.___ he read the book, ____ he got in it.A.The more;the more interesting B.The less;the more interesting C.The more;the more interested D.More;more interested 30.When we speak to people, we should be.A.as polite as possible B.as polite as possibly C.as politely as possible D.as politely as possibly 31.This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.A.as difficult as;expensive B.as more difficult as;more expensive C.as difficult as;more expensive D.more difficult as;as expensive()32.Who jumped____of all? A.far B.farther C.farthest D.the most far()33.Li Lei is___ student in our class.A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.the tallest()34.The fifth orange is____ of all.Give it to that small child.A.big B.bigger C.the bigger D.the biggest()35.Who is---of you three? A.the oldest B.much older C.oldest D.older()36.Tom is one of ____ boys in our class.A.tallest B.taller C.the tallest B.the tall()37.English is one of____ spoken in the world.A.the important languages B.the most important languages C.most important language D.the most important language()38.Beijing is one of____ in China.A.the largest city B.the large cities C.the larger cities D.the largest cities（）

39、We are very ________ at the ________ message.A、surprising, surpried

B、surprised, surprising

C、surprise, surprised

（）40、After the _______ job, we felt very ________.A、tiring, tired

B、tired, tiring

C、tire, tiring

D、tired, tired