《高考重点词汇用法精讲》第2讲[合集5篇]

第一篇：《高考重点词汇用法精讲》第2讲

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第2讲

第2篇

1.empower vt.使（某人）有更多的权力做某事；正式授权

[用法点睛]： empower sb.to do赋予某人做某事的权力

be empowered to do sth.有权力做某事；被赋予做某事的权力

如：The first thing in empowering the poor is making sure they vote.扩大穷人权力的第一件事就是确保他们有选举权。

The new laws empowered the police to stop anybody in the steet.新法赋予警察在街上阻拦任何人的权利。

When were women empowered to vote in this country? 在这个国家，妇女是何时被赋予选举权的？

2.motivate vt.激发；促使；成为（某人做某事的）动机

[用法点睛]：motivate sb.to do sth.激励某人做某事；构成某人做某事的动机 如：We may never know what motivated him to kill his wife.我们可能永远不知道是什么促使他杀了他的妻子。

He motivated the students to work hard.他激励学生努力学习。[同根词]：motivation n.[C U] 动机；诱因 3.development n.[U] 发展；发育；显影

[同根词]：

① develop vt.vi.发展；生长；开发（土地等资源）；冲洗（胶卷）[用法点睛]： develop into 发展成为

develop from由……发展而来

如：The child is developing well.这孩子发育良好。

Chicago developed into a big city in the late 1800s.芝加哥在19世纪晚期发展成为一座大城市。

It’s hard to believe that a tree can develop from a small seed.很难相信一棵树竟然是从一粒渺小的种子长成。② developing adj.发展中的 ③ developed adj.发达的

如： The United States is a developed country while China is a developing country.美国是发达国家，而中国是发展中国家。

[高考链接] As the story___________, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.A.begins

B.happens

C.ends

D.develops [答案解析] D 本句意为“随着故事的发展，关于奇怪人物的真相慢慢被发掘出来”。begin开始；happen发生；end结束

4.closely adv.紧密地；密切地；接近地

如：You resemble your mother very closely.你和你的妈妈很像。resemble vt.相似

[同根词]：close adj.近的；靠近的；（关系）密切的；亲密的；adv.位置近地；vt.vi.关；关闭；停止营业

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学海扬帆，奥风助航![高考例句] I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao,” just as I might do in China.我走地足够近时，听到他们正在说汉语，就说“你好！”，就像我在中国可能会做的一样。[辨析] closely adv.紧密地；密切地；接近地

close adv.位置近地

如：Political activity is closely controlled.政治活动受到严密的控制。

English and German are closely related.英语和德语关系很密切。

Come a little closer, so you can see better.走近点，以便于能看得更清楚。When he saw Mary, he came close to her.当他看到玛丽时，就走近她。[短语] come close to(doing sth.)几乎要做某事 如：He came close to falling down.他几乎摔倒。5.hang

① vt.vi.（hung, hung）悬挂；吊

[短语] hang on（打电话时）不挂断；等待片刻

hang out with sb.常与某人一起玩

如：She hung the clothes on the washing line.她把衣服挂在晾衣绳上。

There was a family photo hanging on the wall.墙上有幅家庭照片。

I don’t really know who she hangs out with.我真地不清楚她经常和谁一起玩。② vt.(hanged, hanged)绞死，吊死（某人）

如：He was hanged for murder.他因为谋杀被绞死了。6.identify vt.确认；证明（某人身份）；认为某物与另一物等同

[用法点睛] identify sb./sth.as sb./sth.确认某人为……；确认某物为……

identify sth.with sth.认为某物与某物相同 identify with sb.认同某人；同情某人

如：He was too far away to be able to identify faces.离地太远，他无法看清面目。

The police identified the gunman as a middle-aged man.警察确认枪手是一个中年男人。One can not identify happiness with wealth.一个人不能将幸福与财富划等号。I found it hard to identify with any of the roles in the film.我发现很难认同这部电影中的任何角色。

[同根词]：identity

n.[C U] 身份；特性；同一性；一致

identification n.[U] 鉴别；识别 ID card=identity/identification card 7.raise vt.举起；使升高；饲养；养育；筹款；募捐

如：William raised his hat and smiled at her.威廉举起他的帽子，向她微笑。

Many shops have raised their prices.很多商店提高了价格。

Stan’s dad died, leaving his mother to raise three sons alone.斯坦的父亲去世了，留下他妈妈独自抚养三个孩子。

They hope to raise $1 million to buy land.他们希望能筹集到一百万美元买地。He did not raise the question again.他没有再提那个问题。[比较] rise vi.(rose, risen)升起；上升；站起；起床 如：The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。

Then she picked up her bag and rose to leave.然后她拿起包，起身离开。

House prices in this area rose from 3,000 yuan to 30,000 yuan per square meters, but now they are falling.这个地区的房价曾从每平3000元涨到30000元，但现在正在跌。

Sales rose by 20% over the Christmas period.销售额在圣诞期间增长了20%。8.allow vt.准许；允许

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学海扬帆，奥风助航![用法点睛] allow doing 允许做某事

allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事

allow sb.sth./allow sth.to sb.允许某人（拥有）某物 allow for将……考虑在内

如：We don’t allow smoking in our house.我们不允许在房间里抽烟。The boss doesn’t allow him to use the phone.老板不允许他用电话。

Allow yourselves plenty of time to get to the airport.给你自己留出去机场的足够时间。It will take us half an hour to get the station, allowing for traffic delay.考虑到路上耽搁，去车站要花我们半小时的时间。9.direct

① vt.指路；指导；引导；指挥；导演

如：He directed me to a hotel near the airport.他指引我到机场附近的一家旅馆。The guide direct our attention to the other picture.导游将我们的注意力引向另一幅画。She directed a group of workers.她指挥一群工人。

The movie was directed by Feng Xiaogang.那部电影是冯小刚导演的。② adj.直接的；直达的

如：I’m not in direct contact with them.我和他没有直接的联系。Women often feel men are too direct.女士常常感觉男士太直接了。It’s a direct flight to New York.这是直飞纽约的航班。[同根词] director n.[C] 指挥者;导演;主任;处长;董事

direction n.[C U] 方向；方位 self-directed adj.自主（式）的

10.restriction n.[C U] 限制；约束

[同根词]：

① restrict vt.限制；限定

[用法点睛] restrict sth.to 将某物限制在（某程度、数量、水平等）如：The new law restricts the sale of hand guns.新法限制手枪的销售。

In future we will restrict class sizes to 20 students.今后我们将把班额限制在20名学生。He’s restricting himself to two cigarettes a day.他限制自己每天抽两支烟。② restricted adj.受限制的；被限定的

如：Press freedom is restricted in this country.在这个国家新闻自由受到限制。11.knowledge n.[U]知识；学问；（可与a连用）某门具体的知识

[用法点睛] a knowledge of 某方面的知识 如：Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。

My knowledge of French is poor.我的法语知识贫乏。

You need a knowledge of physics to do this job well.要做好这项工作，你需要物理知识。12.require vt.需要；要求

[用法点睛] require sb.to do sth.需要/要求某人做某事

require doing.(主语通常为物)需要被

如：The law requires a driver to wear seat belt.法律要求司机系安全带。

[高考例句] Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car washed.在开车进城前，你要洗车。

The plants require watering.这些植物需要水。

[同根词]：requirement n.[C] 要求；需要的东西；必要条件 13.engage vt.vi.（文）雇佣；占用（时间）；吸引（注意等）；与（某人）交战

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学海扬帆，奥风助航![用法点睛] engage sb.to do.雇佣某人做某事

engage sb.as sth.聘用某人担任某职务

engage(sb.)in sth.（使某人）参加或从事某事

如：Her father engaged a tutor to improve her maths.他的父亲请了一位家教提高她的数学。

They engaged her as a guide.他们请她作导游。

Nothing engages his attention for long.没有什么能长期吸引他的注意力。I have no time to engage in such a thing.我没有时间干这种事。[同根词]：

① engaged adj.忙着的；（电话）占线的；已订婚的；（座位）预定出的 [用法点睛] be engaged to sb.与某人订婚

② engaging adj.引人注目的；迷人的 ③ engagement n.[C]订婚；约会；交战 14.accord vi.符合；一致

[用法点睛] accord with sth.与……一致、相符

如： The punishments accorded with the new law.惩罚与法律相符。[短语]：according to 根据

如：According to the police, the thief has been caught.据警方的消息，那个小偷已经被抓住了。

You will be paid according to the amount of work you do.按劳计酬。

15.research n.[U] 调查；研究；(正式情况下常用researches)；vt.vi.调查；研究

[用法点睛] make/do/carry out research into/on sth.对某事进行调查、研究 如：It’s a good idea to do some research before you buy a house.在买房前做一些研究是个好主意。

They are carrying out some research into the language of dolphins.他们在研究海豚的语言。

16.major adj.较大的；主要的；n.[C] 专业；vi.主修（某课程）

如：There are two major political parties in the US.在美国有两个主要的政党。

What’s your major? 你的专业是什么？

He majored in maths and physics at university.他在大学时主修数学和物理。17.view n.[C] 景色；风景；视野；观点；见解；vt.观看；仔细看

[用法点睛]： view on/about对于某事的看法

with a view to(doing)sth.怀着某种目的；带着某种打算或计划 in one’s view在某人看来 in view of 鉴于；考虑到

如：We’d like a room with a view of the sea.我们想要一间海景房。We can enjoy great views from the top of the mountain.我们从山顶可以享受美妙的风光。

You can have a better view of the city if you sit in the front of the bus.如果坐在公交的前部，你可以更好的欣赏这座城市。

The lake came into view as we turned the corner.当我们拐过弯，那片湖就映入眼帘。What’s your view on the subject? 你对这个问题有什么看法？

In my view, the country needs a change.在我看来，这个国家需要改变。

In view of the weather, we decided to stay at home.因为天气原因，我们决定呆在家里。We bought the house with a view to retiring there.我们买下那座房子是想退休后住那儿。

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学海扬帆，奥风助航![同根词]：① review vt.复习；温习；n.[C] 复习；评论；

② preview vt.预习；试演；预展

18.participate vi.参加；参与

[用法点睛] participate为正式用语，通常与in搭配。

participate in 参与（活动、会议等）

如：Some members refused to participate.一些成员拒绝参与。

Everyone can participate in an election.每个人都能参与选举。

19.skill n.[C U] 技能；技巧

[用法点睛] skill in/at（doing）sth.在（做）某事上的技术/技巧 如：He showed great skill in raising money for the company.他在为公司筹资方面显示出了非凡的技巧。[同根词]：

skil(l)ful adj.有技巧的；娴熟的

[用法指南] be skillful at(doing)sth.(做)某事很熟练  skilled adj.熟练的；有经验的；（工作）需要技能的 [用法指南] be skilled at(doing)sth.（做）某事有经验的 [辨析]：skillful与skilled ① 表示“有经验的；熟练的”之意时，两者可以互换。如：a skillful/skilled driver（熟练的司机）

② 表示“需要技能的、技术性的（工作）”时，只能用skilled。如：a skilled job（一项技术性的工作）

20.report vt.vi.报告；汇报；揭发；n.[C] 报告；汇报

[用法点睛] report(to sb.)on sth.（向某人）汇报某事

report sth./sb.to(the police)（向警察等机构）报案；举报某人

如：He gave a report on his sales trip to Korea.他就自己的韩国商务旅行做了一个报告。

People’s Daily sent her to Chongqing to report(on)the floods.《人民日报》派她去重庆报道洪水。

Police reported that the road was closed.警方报告说那条路被封了。

He reported the car crash to the police.他向警察报告车祸。

21.public n.(the ~)公众；adj.公开的；公共的

如： The public is/are not allowed to enter the room.公众不允许进入那个房间。[短语]：in public 当众；公开地

如：Her husband was always nice to her in public.她丈夫在公共场合总是对她很好。[反] in private 私下地

如：He asked to see her in private.他要求和她私下见面。22.provide vt.提供；预防

[用法点睛] provide sth.for sb.为某人提供某物

provide sb.with sth为某人提供某物

provide against/for sth.预防某事；为某事做准备

如：The hotel provides a shoe-cleaning service for guests.旅馆为客户提高擦鞋服务。

The company provided him with a car.公司为他配备了一辆车。

[高考例句] After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope provided.在填完并签名后，请将表格用提供的信封寄回给我们。

The government has to provide against a possible oil shortage in the coming months.政府不得不为未来几个月可能出现的石油短缺做准备。

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学海扬帆，奥风助航![同根词] provided conj.假如；在……情况下（=provided that=providing that）如：Provided/Providing(that)we get good weather, it will be a successful holiday.如果明天天气好，它就会是一个成功的假期。

23.challenge

① n.[C] 挑战

[用法点睛] the challenge of doing sth.做某事的挑战

issue a challenge发出挑战

face a challenge面临挑战；面对挑战 take on/accept a challenge接受挑战 meet /rise to a challenge迎接挑战

a challenge to sb./sth.对某人/物来说是一个挑战

如：She likes her job to be a challenge.她喜欢自己的工作充满挑战。

Reducing the gap between rich and poor is one of the main challenges facing the government.减少穷人和富人之间的差距是本届政府面临的主要挑战之一。

The company is ready to meet the challenges of the next few years.公司做好了迎接未来几年挑战的准备。② vt.向某人挑战

[用法点睛] challenge sb.to sth.向某人挑战做某事

challenge sb.to do sth.向某人挑战做某事；要求、激励某人做某事

如：After lunch he challenged me to a game of tennis.午饭后他向我挑战网球。

Every teacher ought to challenge kids to think about what’s happening around us.每个老师都应该激励学生思考我们身边发生的事。

[高考例句] If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but to meet an even greater challenge.如果接受了这项工作，他将别无选择只有迎接更大的挑战。

24.manage vt.管理；经营；vt.vi.设法做到；应付

如：Managing a company is harder than you think.管理一家公司比你想像的要困难。

How do you manage to stay so slim?你是如何做到保持这么苗条的？ [高考例句]---Can I have a day off tomorrow, Mr.Johnson? 约翰逊先生，我明天可以请一天假吗？

---Of course.I can manage without you.当然可以。你不在我也可以应付。[辨析]：manage与try manage to do 设法做成了某事 try to do努力去做，结果未知

如：I finally managed to push the huge animal away.我最后终于将那个巨大的动物推开。

I tried to push the huge animal away, but I failed.我努力想将那个巨大的动物推开，但是失败了。[同根词] manager n.[C] 经理；管理人

management n.[U] 经营；管理；[集]管理部门；主管人员

25.relationship n.[C U] 关系；联系

[用法点睛] relationship between A and B A与B之间的关系/联系

relationship of A to/with B A与B之间的关系/联系

如：I have quite a good relationship with my parents.我和父母关系很好。

There is a close relationship between industry and trade.工商业联系密切。

He is studying the relationship of politics to media.他正在研究政治和媒体的关系。[同根词] relation n.[U] 关系；联系；[C]亲戚

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学海扬帆，奥风助航![用法点睛]在表示人、团体、国家之间的关系时常用复数形式。如：Relations between the two countries have improved recently.近来这两个国家的关系有所改善。

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第二篇：高考重点词汇用法精讲 第33讲

学海扬帆，奥风助航！

奥风英语《高考重点词汇用法精讲》第33讲（文字版）

魏训刚 主讲（本系列讲座共45讲）

第49篇

1.arise vi.（arose, arisen）出现；起来；升起

[用法点睛] arise out of /from sth.因某事而产生、造成、引起

如：Problems arose of the lack of money.因为缺钱产生了很多问题。

A new difficulty has arisen in our work.我们工作中又产生了新的困难。

[同根词] rise vi.上升；升起

如：The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。2.fix vt.修理；安装；确定；固定

[用法点睛] fix one’s eyes /attention on凝视；全身贯注于

fix a time/date for sth.为某事安排时间/日期

fix sth.up 安排（某事）；装修；修理

如：Her eyes were fixed on the book.她的眼睛盯着那本书。

They have fixed a date for their wedding.他们定了结婚的日子。I will help you to fix up the meeting.我来帮你安排这个会议。My watch needs fixing.我的表需要修理。

[同根词] fixed adj.已决定的；确定不变的；固定的 3.suppose vt.vi.猜想；认为；假设；应当

[用法点睛] suppose(that)… 猜；认为

suppose sb.(to be)+名词/形容词 认为某人 be supposed to 应当；应该（做某事）

如：I suppose(that)you’re right.我想你是正确的。

I suppose her to be more than fifty years old.我猜她有五十多岁了。

You are supposed to keep quiet in the library.在图书馆里，你应该保持安静。What do you suppose he wants? 你认为他想要什么？ Suppose you lost your job tomorrow, what would you do? 假设明天丢了工作，你会怎么做？

It is widely supposed that this kind of things won’t happen again.人们一般认为这样的事情不会发生了。

[同根词] supposed adj.误信的；误传的；信以为真的

如：The supposed beggar was really a police officer in disguise.那个众人眼中的乞丐，其实是化了装的警察。

[高考链接] What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You’re___________to be asleep.A.supposed

B.known

C.thought

D.considered [答案解析] A 本句意为“汤姆，你还没上床，在干什么？你现在应当睡觉”。4.arrange vt.筹备；整理；安排

[用法点睛] arrange(for sb./sth.)to do sth 安排（某人/物）做某事

arrange with sb.about sth.与某人约定、商定某事 ，学海扬帆，奥风助航！

如：They will arrange a dinner to celebrate her birthday.他们将筹备聚餐来庆祝她的生日。

I have arranged for a car to pick you up at the airport.我已经安排好了一辆车去机场接你。

[高考例句] The secretary arranged a convenient time and place for the applicants to have an interview.秘书安排了一个方便的时间和地点让申请人进行面试。

We have arranged with them about the date of the meeting.我们已经与他们商定好了会议的日期。[同根词] arrangement n.[C U]安排；布置 5.call

① vt.打电话；叫；呼唤；称为；vi.叫喊；拜访；打电话；

[用法点睛] call out to sb.for sth.为某事而大声喊以引起某人的注意

call on sb.拜访某人

call at sth.拜访某地

call on sb.to do sth.号召某人做某事

call sb in 召请某人

call for sth 需求或需要某事物

call sth off 取消

call sth up 想起某事；回忆某事

如：He called(Mary)from a telephone booth.他是从电话亭里(给玛丽)打的电话。

She called to her mother for help.她向父亲喊叫求救。

Let’s call at the city to call on Mr.Brown.我们去那个城市拜访布朗先生吧。

Young men were called on to join the army.年轻人被号召去参军。

Mother being ill, we have to call in a doctor.妈妈生病了，我们要去请医生来。

This kind of work calls for great patience.这种工作需要极大的耐心。

The match was called off because of bad weather.由于天气不好，比赛取消了。The picture called up the memories of my happy childhood.这张照片唤起了我幸福童年的回忆。② n.[C]喊；叫；通话；（一个）电话 [短语] a call for help大声呼救

give sb.a call给某人打电话

make/receive或get/return a call打/接/回电话

如： I’ll give you a call at the weekend.我周末给你打电话。6.apologize vi.道谦；认罪；认错

[用法点睛] apologize to sb.for sth.因为某事向某人道歉 如：He apologized to her for not going to her party.他因为没有出席她举行的宴会而向她表示歉意。

[高考例句] He smiled politely as Mary apologized for her drunken friends.当玛丽因为她醉酒的朋友道歉时，他礼貌地微笑着。[同根词] apology n.[C U] 道歉；谢罪；认错

[用法点睛]make an apology(to sb.for sth.)（因为某事向某人）道歉

own sb.an apology(for.sth.)（因为某事）需要向某人道歉

如：We made an apology to our teacher for coming to school late.我们因为迟到向老师道歉。

I owe you an apology for my rudeness.我为我的粗鲁向你道歉。

7.appetite n.[C U] 欲望；食欲；胃口

[用法点睛] lose one’s appetite没有食欲

学海扬帆，奥风助航！

have an appetite for sth渴望、喜欢某事物

如：When I was ill, I completely lost my appetite.我生病的时候，完全没有食欲。

The walking has given me an appetite for dinner.步行使我晚饭很有胃口。

He has no appetite for fight.他毫无斗志。

[同根词] appetizer n.[C] 开胃品

appetizing adj.开胃的；促进食欲的 8.apparently adv.显然；表面上；似乎

如：He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

Apparently she did not succeed.看样子她没有成功。

[同根词] ① apparent adj.表面上的；明显的

[用法点睛] It is apparent that…„„是很明显的

如：It is apparent that Taiwan is part of China.很明显台湾是中国的一部分。② transparent adj.透明的；显而易见的

[高考链接] The state-run company is required to make its accounts as___________as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.A.transparent

B.reasonable

C.secure

D.formal [答案解析] A根据后面的for its staff to monitor the use of money可知，答案为A。句意为“国有企业被要求帐务尽可能做到公开透明，以便于其员工监督资金的使用”。reasonable合理的的；secure安全的；formal规范的；正式的。9.appeal

① vi.呼吁；吸引；vt.& vi.申诉；上诉； [用法点睛]appeal to sb.(for sth.)向某人请求

appeal to sb.to do sth.呼吁某人做某事 appeal(to sb.)against sth.（向某人）上诉 appeal to sb.迎合某人的爱好；吸引某人

如：He appealed to his friends for support.他向朋友们请求帮助。

The police appealed to the crowd to keep calm.警察向群众呼吁要保持冷静。He appealed against the five-year sentence he had been given.他对被判五年徒刑提出上诉。

The idea appealed to Mary.这主意正合玛丽的心意。

② n.[C U]呼吁；恳求；上诉；[U]吸引力

如：The country has made an appeal for help to the world.那个国家向世界求助。

The new fashion soon lost its appeal.这种新式样很快就失去了吸引力。

10.applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌；喝彩

[用法点睛] applaud sb.for sth.因某事称赞某人

如：The audience applauded the singer for three minutes.观众向歌唱家鼓掌喝彩达三分钟。

We applauded him for his courage.我们称赞他的勇敢。

[同根词]applause n.[U] 鼓掌欢迎

第50篇

1.submit vt.递交；vt.& vi.服从；顺从；屈服；让步

[用法点睛] submit to sb.屈服或归顺某人；服从某人

submit sth.to sb.向某人提交某物 submit that… 认为„„

学海扬帆，奥风助航！

如：We will never submit to enemy.我们永远不会向敌人屈服。

He has submit the plan to the manager.他已经向经理提交了计划。I submit that his words are reasonable.我认为他的话是有道理的。[同根词] submissive adj.服从的；顺从的 2.apply

① vi.申请

[用法点睛] apply to sb for sth向某人申请某事物

如：You should apply to the manager for the post.你应该向经理申请这份职位。

---How do I apply for this license? 如何申请许可证？

---You want inquiries.你需要到问讯处出打听。② vt.& vi.应用

[用法点睛] apply sth to sth 把某物涂在某物上；把„„应用到„„上

apply oneself to(doing)sth.集中精力做某事；专心做某事

如：The new technology can be applied to our daily life.这种新的技术可以应用到我们的日常生活中。

Apply some glue to the cover of the book.往书的封面上涂些胶水。You will pass the exam if you apply yourself to your work.如果你能专心致志于你的学习，就能通过考试。[同根词]：applied adj.应用的；实用的applicant n.申请人

application n.[C U] 申请；要求 3.polish

① vt.磨光；擦亮；修改；润色（文章）[用法点睛] polish sth.(up)磨光；擦亮

polish sth.off 迅速做完

如：He polished his glasses with a handkerchief.他用手帕擦拭了一下眼镜。

The speaker spent several days polishing her lecture.演讲者花了几天时间润饰她的演讲稿。

They polished all the dishes off on the table in a short time.他们很快就吃完了桌子上的所有的菜。

② n.[C U] 磨光；修饰；上光剂

[用法点睛] give sth a polish 将某物磨光、擦亮

如：I will give your shoes a polish.我把你的鞋子擦一擦。

[同根词] polished adj.磨光的；擦亮的

[高考链接] Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and___________every page of my draft.A.approved

B.quoted

C.polished

D.folded [答案解析] C 本句意为“最后，我要感谢我的导师，他就我的论文提出了大量意见和建议，并且对我草稿的每一页都进行了修改”。approve vi.赞同；认可；vt.批准；通过；quote vt.vi.引用；引述；n.[C]引语；引用的话；fold vt.折叠；vi.可以折叠；n.[C] 褶；折痕 4.relative

① adj.相关的；有关系的；相对的

[用法点睛] be relative to sth.与„„相对的；成比例的；与„„有关的 如：Supply is relative to demand.供应是按需求而定的。

He asked me some questions relative to the subject.他问了我一些有关这个题目的问题。

学海扬帆，奥风助航！

② n.[C] 亲戚

[用法点睛] a close /distant relative 一个近亲/远亲

如：I have many close relatives in that village.在那个村子里有我好多近亲。

The president has sent a message of sympathy to the relatives of the dead soldiers.总统已向死亡士兵的亲属们发了慰问信。[同根词]：relatively adv.相对的；比较的

第三篇：广东高考英语补充词汇用法详解

广东高考英语补充词汇用法详解

【根据广东省高考英语考试大纲补充词汇表编写，每个单词均给出了国标音标、常用词义、典型例句、常用短语，其中有的重要词汇还给出了考点说明、用法辨析等】

A accord[E5kC:d] n.1.一致，符合：The two sides are completely in accord on this matter.双方在这个问题上意见完全一致。2.(尤指国与国之间的)正式协议，条约：an accordbetween countries 国与国之间的条约 vt.授予，赠与，给与：We accorded him a hearty welcome.= We = accorded a hearty welcome to him.我们给与他热烈的欢迎。

activity[Ak5tIvItI] n.1.[C]活动：I have a lot of activities which up my time.我从事很多活动，时间都被填满了。2.[U]活力；活动性：The house has been full of activity all day.房子里整天都很热闹。【用法】侧重指一种繁忙或充满活力的状态时，不可数；侧重指具体所做的事情，如工作、娱乐、消遣等，则可数，且通常用复数。

admission[Ed5mIF(E)n] n.1.[U]准许进入；准许加入：No admission.禁止入内。/ Admission to this school is for boys only.这所学校只接受男生入学。2.[U]入场费；会费：Admission to Admission the concert is＄20.这场音乐会入场费是20美元。adult[5AdQlt] adj.成年的；已成人的：an adult man(woman)成年男子(女子)/ adult(basic)education 成人(基础)教育 n.[C]成年人：These films are suitable for adults only.这些电影只适宜成人观看。

advertisement[Ed5v:tIsmEnt] n.[C,U] 广告，宣传：the advertisement page 广告专页 / A lot of people replied to advertisement.有许多人对我们的广告作出了反应。【说明】1.advertisement也可略作advert或ad：ads for selling cars 销售汽车的广告2.advertisement 是可数名词，相应的不可数名词用advertising。3.名词advertisement与动词advertise的重音位置不同，不要读错。，alike[E5laIk] adj.相似的，相同的：The two sisters are very alike.两姐妹非常相像。/ They were all dressed alike in white dresses.他们都是一样的白色装束。adv.同样地；照样地同样地；照样地【说明】许多以 a-开头的表语形容词(如asleep, awake, alone等)习惯上不受very修饰，但alike是例外，它不仅可受修饰，但much, very much的修饰，也可受very的修饰(类似地还有very afraid, very ashamed, very alertvery等)。

amount[E5maJnt] n.1.[C]数量，数额：This school aims to balance the amount of time spent on arts and science subjects.这所学校在时间安排上努力做到文理并重。/ Equal amounts of flour and sugar should be added to the mixture.应在混合物中加入等量的面粉和糖。2.[C]总额，总数：Can you really afford this amount? 你真付得起这个总数吗? vi.1.总计，合计：Sales up to and including last month last amounted to ￡10 000.销售额至上月底为止达10 000英镑。2.(在意义、价值等方面)接近，等于：This same thing, happening in wartime, would amount to disaster.同样的事，如发生在战时，就会酿成大祸。【用法】a great [large] amount of后通常接不可数名词，用作主语，谓语的数取决于amount的数：A large amount of money wasmoney spent on the bridge.=Large amounts of money were spent onpt;FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman';mso-bidi the bridge.在这座桥上花了大量资金。但在现代英语中(尤其在美国英语中)，有时其后也可接复数可数名词(尤指大宗货物时)：The shopkeeper had a large amount of oranges in his storeroom.店主在货仓里存有大量橙子。

ancient[5eInFEnt] adj.1.古代的，古老的：ancient Rome 古罗马2.(口语)过时的：my ancient car 我的老爷车

announcementrgin-right:.5gd;

mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001p[E5naJnsmEnt] n.[C,U] 通告，通知：broadcast an announcement 广播一则通告 / The announcement took the students by surprise.这一通知使学生们大吃一惊。【说明】表示宣布的动作，通常用单数；表示通知或通告等宣布的内容，为可数名词。anyway[5enIweI] adv.不管怎样，反正：Get the job done anyway youanyway can.不管以何种方式都得完成这项工作。

apology[E5pRlEdVI] n.1.[C]道歉；歉意：I must make an apology to your aunt for forgetting her birthday.我把你婶婶的生日给忘了，必须向她道歉。2.[C]辩解，辩护：an apology for innocence 为无罪作辩护【用法】1.在现代英语中主要用作可数名词，只在少数表达中用作不可数名词(尤其见于…of apology这一结构)：a letter of apology 道歉信 / a wordy expression of apology 拖泥带水的道歉 / He left without a word of apology.他连一句道歉的话都没说就离开了。2.有时用复数形式，但并不表示多次道

歉的意思：I made my apologies to my host and left early.我向主人道过歉后提早离去。

appearance[E5pIErEns] n.1.[C,U] 出现；露面：The author made a rare personal appearance.这位作者做了一次少有的个人公开露面。2.[C,U] 外貌；外观：Don’t judge ajudgeman by his appearances.不要以貌取人。【谚语】Appearances are deceitful.人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。/ deceitful.Judge not according to the appearance.=Never judge by appearances.不要以貌取人；人不可貌相。

arrange[E5reIndV] v.1.排列；整理：I arranged books on the shelves.我把书架上的书整理好。2.安排；准备：The meeting has been arranged for Tuesday evening.会议安排在星期二晚上举行。【用法】1.用作及物动词表示“安排”“准备”时，其后通常接事情，而不接具体的人或东西；若接具体的人或东西则需后接介词for，如以下两例中的for不宜省去：We’ll arrange for an experienced teacher.我们将安排一位有经验的教师。/ I’ve arranged for a taxi.我已安排好了一辆计程车。2.后接事情作宾语时，其后接不接介词for均可(在现代英语中以不接为多见)：Would you like to arrange(for)a personal interviewpersonal? 你希望安排一次个别接见吗? 3.正因为表示“安排”时不能直接跟某人作宾语，所以要表示“安排某人做某事”，英语不能说arrange sb to do sth，而说arrange for sbfor to do sth：I’ve arranged for Mary to meet you at the airport.我已经安排玛丽去机场接你。类似地，英语习惯上不说hope sb to do sth，而说hope for sb to do sth，不说wait sb to do sth，而说wait for sb to do sth，不说long sb to do sth，而说long for sb to do sth等。另外还有，英语习惯上不说demand sb to do sth，而说demand of sb to do sth。4.其后可接that引导的宾语从句，从句谓语通常用虚拟语气，但有时也可用将来时态：They arranged that the meeting(should)be putbe off to Saturday.他们安排把会议推迟到星期六。/ I’ve arranged that one of our

representiatives will meet you at the airmport.我已安排好派一个代表到机场接你。比较同义句：I’ve arranged for him to attend the meeting.=I’ve arranged that he(should)attend the meeting.我已安排他去参加会议。5.其后习惯上不接双宾语，如“请给我们安排一次与工人的会见”不能译为：Please arrange us an interview with the workers.可改为：Please arrange an interview with the workers for us.arrest[E5rest] vt.E5rest1.逮捕，拘留，扣留：He was arrested for petty theft.他因小偷小摸被捕。2.停止，阻止：Poor food arre: 10.5pt;FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New

Roman';mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体sts the natural growth of children.粗劣食物妨碍儿童的自然成长。3.吸引：An unusual painting arrested his attention.一幅异乎寻常的画引起了他的注意。n.[C,U]逮捕，拘留，扣留：The police made three

arreststhree yesterday.警察昨天执行了3项逮捕行动。◇under arrest 被捕：He was soon put [placed] under lacedarrest.他不久就被逮捕了。aside[E5saId] adv.在旁边；向旁边：Stand aside and let these people pass.靠边站，让这些人过去。n.[C](戏剧中的)旁白；独白■aside from暂且不谈，除…之外：Nobody, aside from him, could answer this question.除他外，没人能回答这个问题。/ Aside fromAside the rainy weather, our vacation was fun.除了天气阴雨外，我们的假期还是玩得很高兴的。【说明】aside from为美国英语，在英国英语中用apart from代之。astronaut n.[C]航天员，宇航员：a rocket manned by trained astronauts 载有受过训练的宇航员的火箭Atlantic[Et5lAntIk] adj.大西洋的：Atlantic islands 大西洋上诸岛屿

attendant[E5tend(E)nt] n.attendant[E5tendEnt] n.1.[C](常用复)侍者，随从：attendants to an ambassadoran 大使随员2.服务人员：a swimming-pool attendant 游泳池的服务员 / I asked the attendant toattendantconduct him to the door.我让服务员领他们到门口。adj.1.伴随的，随之而产生的：attendant circumstances 附带情况 / attendant 附带情况 difficulties伴随而来的困难 2.(作定语)随从的，陪从服侍的(on)：attendant nurse随从护士

attraction[E5trAkFn] n.E5trAkFn1.[U]吸引(力)：The attraction of the moon for the earth causes the tides.月亮对地球的引力引起潮汐。/ Jazz music has little attraction for me.for 爵士音乐对我没有什么吸引力。2.[C]有吸引力的人或物：

Disneyland is a popular attraction.迪斯尼乐园是很吸引人的游览地。/ One。of the main attractions of the job is the high salary.这份工作最吸引人的就是薪水高。【用法】“A has [holds] attraction for Bfor”这一结构的意思是“对B来说，A具有吸引力”，也就是说“A对B有吸引力或诱惑力”，即B喜欢A，而不是其相反，如要表示汉语的“他不为金钱和美女所动”，可以说成：他不为金钱和美女所动 and women had no attraction for him.但不能说成：He had nohad attraction for money and women.但是，“A feel an attraction for [B”的意思是“A喜欢B”：She felt an immediate attraction to

[for] author[5R:WE] n.1.[C]作者，作家：The authorsThe of some well-known books are not writers by profession.有些著名书籍的作者并不是专职作家。2.[C]创

造者，创始者，发起人：As the author of the scheme I can’t really comment.我作为这一计划的创始人是不便评论的。

available[E5veIlEbl] a.1.可得到的：This ：book is not available here.这里没有这本书。/ Tickets are available at the box office.票房有票。2.可利用的，有效的：This is the only available room.只剩这个房间可用了。/ These tickets are available for one month.这些票有效期一个月。3.可接受探访的，可见客人的：The lawyer is not available now.律师现在没空。【用法】1.用作定语修饰名词时，可置于名词之前或之后：I doubt whetherdoubt we can complete our contract in the time available [in thein available time].我怀疑我们是否能在现有的时间内完成我们的合同。置于被修饰的名词之后时，可视为定语从句的紧缩形式：Please send me all the tickets available.请把所有现有的票给我送来。(相当于…that are available)2.当be available(可使用)后接不定式时，若句子主语与该不定式有动宾关系，则该不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：These cups are available to use [to be used].这些茶杯可供使用。

第四篇：高考重点不定冠词的用法

高考重点知识——定冠词的用法

不定冠词有a和an两种形式。a用在以辅音音标开头的词前,an用在以元音音标开头的词前。

a house, a useful book

an hour, an umbrella

不定冠词的用法主要有:

1)泛指某人或某物,不具体说明其为何人或何物。在行文叙述时,第一次提到某个人或事物时,通常使用不定冠词,此为“泛指”。例如:

A girl is asking for you on the phone.My mother works in a hospital.2)用在单数可数名词前,表示一类人或事物,即以一个个体代表整类人或事物,此为“类指”。例如:

A plane is faster than a train.飞机比火车快。

A snake is a cold-blooded animal.蛇是冷血动物。

3)表示“一”,但数量概念没有one强烈。例如:

They waited there for an hour.他们在那等了一个小时。

Rome wasn't built in a day.罗马非一天能建成。(即:冰冻三尺非一日之寒。)

如特别强调数量,应使用one。例如:

I have only one dictionary and I need it myself.4)用在表示时间、速度、价格等计量单位的名词前表示“每一”,相当于per或every。例如:

The plane can get 300 kilometers an hour.飞机的速度是每小时300公里。

The doctor told her to take the medicine three times a day.医生叫她一天服三次药。

We work five days a week.我们一周工作五天。

5)用于抽象名词、物质名词前(特别是这两种名词有定语修饰时),使之意义具体化,表示“一种”、“一件”、“一份”等。例如:

It is an honour for me to be invited to the party.我被邀请参加聚会是一种荣誉。(honour是抽象名词,an honour指一件荣誉的事)There was heavy rain last week.(rain为物质名词,这里指一场雨)

6)用于序数词(后加名词)前,表示又一个,又一次。例如:

He tried a sixth time and succeeded.他又试第六次,结果成功了。When I sat down,a fourth student rose to speak.当我坐下时,又有第四个同学起立发言。

7)用于某一个人名、地名前,使专有名词普通化。例如:

A Mr.Li has been waiting for you.一位姓李的先生一直在等你。Chongqing is known as a Shanghai of the west.重庆被称作西部的上海。(Shanghai是专有名词,本句中a Shanghai指和上海一样繁华的城市)

8)用于某些固定词组中,是这些词组不可缺少的组成部分。例如: in a moment立刻,马上 once upon a time从前

as a result(of)作为(……)的结果 in a hurry急忙地

in a word一句话,总而言之 once in a while偶尔地

have a good time过得很愉快 have a word with与……说句话 have/take a look(at)看一看 have/take a rest休息一下

take an active part in积极参加(比较:take part in参加,不能说take a part in)

do sb.a favour帮某人的忙 put an end to结束

at a mouthful一大口地 all of a sudden突然地

第五篇：高考词汇

高考词汇

通知makeanannouncement鼓励某人做某事encourage sb.to do sth.分开住live apart剧场的入口the entrance to the theater 除了apart from在除夕on New Year’s Eve

因某事而向某人道歉make/offer为…树立榜样set an example to

an apology to sb.for sth.做早操do morning exercises

与某人争论某事argue with sb.about sth.产生，成立come into existence

放在一边lay sth.aside五十多岁时in one’s fifties

对…抱正确的态度take a correct attitude关键人物a key figure

towards sth.填写表格fill in the form

惊讶于… be astonished at sth.刹那间in a flash

两件行李 two pieces of baggage一场大洪水 a big/great flood

保持/失去平衡keep/lose one’s balance正在开花 be in flowers

在舞会上 at the ball欺骗，愚弄某人make a fool of sb.形成…局面；产生 come into being空军the air force

整理床铺 make the bed靠武力，强行by force

下倾盆大雨 rain cats and dogs用很大力气with great force

免费free of charge养成好习惯form a good habit

为…鼓掌give sb.a clap碰碰运气try one’s fortune

接近get close to常客a frequent /regular visitor

条件是 on condition that新手a fresh hand

祝贺某人 congratulate sb.on sth.开始认真做某事get down to doing sth.失控out of control陷入麻烦get into trouble

与…交谈；交谈 have a conversation with sb.有音乐天分have a gift ifor music

在…期间；过程中in/during the course of用尽，耗尽，筋疲力尽give out

因某事而向某人发脾气be cross with sb.at sth.朝..看了一眼take a glance at

对…造成巨大损害do great damage to向人瞪眼，怒目而视glare at

直到深夜deep in thought（灯，火）熄灭go out

深思 deep into the night复习功课go over the lesson

毫不耽搁；立刻without delay进了一个球score a goal

迟迟未做某事delay doing sth.过幸福生活live a happy life

发表（演说等）deliver a speech损害，伤害do harm to

满足要求meet the demands身体好in good health

难以形容beyond description记住某事learn/know sth.by heart

决心做某事be determined to do sth.患难之交才是真朋友A friend in need is a friend indeed.随着工业的发展with the development of industry告诉某人某事inform sb.of sth.献身于；致力于devote oneself to坚持要做insist on doing

处于灭亡的危险中be in danger of dying out擦掉灰尘wipe off the dust

没作用；没影响make no difference创造奇迹make wonders

向四面八方in all directions不足为奇；难怪no wonder

正在讨论中under discussion插话get in a word

对…有益do good to和某人说句话have a word with sb.做坏事；犯罪do wrong总之，简言之in a word

挨门挨户from door to door介绍信a letter of introduction

缓慢前进，拖延drag one’s feet使某人高兴的事to one’s joy

使某人发狂drive sb.mad不可以貌取人Don’t judge a man by his looks.挣钱earnmoney成功的秘诀 the key to success

谋生earn one’s living迟早sooner or later

究竟 on earth哈哈大笑起来burst into laughter

别着急，别紧张，放松些take it easy违（守）法break/obey the law

对…有很大影响 have a great effect on听关于…的讲座attend a lecture on

努力做某事make efforts to do sth.给某人一个教训teach sb.a lesson

列一张购物清单make a shopping list拖延，推迟put off

弥补某人的过失make up for one’s mistake不可能 out of the question

有礼貌have good manners接力赛a relay race

满分 full marks通过无线电广播on the radio

用…方法，依靠by means of衣衫褴褛，穿破衣服in rags

决不by no means在火车站at the railway station

按…尺寸做make …to one’s measure一线希望a ray of hope

采取措施take measures伸手去拿reach for sth.为纪念in memory of够不着out of one’s reach

对…一点也不怜悯have no mercy on sb.接待处reception desk

毫不容情地，残忍地without mercy参考，谈到refer to

在…支配下，任由…摆布at the mercy of留在某人的记忆中remain in one’s memory

给某人捎个信take a message for sb.提醒某人做某事remind sb.to do sth.选某人为班长 make sb.monitor使某人想起 remind sb.of sth.呈现一片新面貌take on a new look因此，结果as a result

打某人的鼻子hit sb.on the nose盛产，有大量的…be rich in

订购某物place an order for sth.除掉 get rid of

失业了out of work抢走某人某物rob sb.of sth.在…方面其积极作用take an active part in起重要作用play an important role

熟能生巧Practice makes perfect.用完run out of

演出，表演put on performances高峰时间，拥挤时间rush hour

给某人照相take a photo of sb.满足某人的需要satisfy one’s needs

一堆书a pile of books节省体力save one’s strength

可怜某人（因同情而帮助某人）have take pity on sb.也就是说that is to say

出于同情out of pity为某事则被某人scold sb.for sth.代替in place of就座，坐下take one’s seat

做某人的座位，代替某人的职务take one’s place抓住小偷的衣领seize a thief by the collar

举行,发生take place炫耀show off

代替,代理take the place of对岸；在…另一面 on the other side of

喜欢做某事take pleasure in doing sth.支持某人（方）take the side of

正要…时候on the point of站在…一边take sides in

对某人有礼貌be polite to sb.看不见lose sight of

受某人喜爱be popular with sb.看到；发现 catch sight of

占有，拥有take possession of看不见 out of sight

当权，执政take power克服困难smooth away difficulties

赞扬in praise of大约 or so

出席会议be present at a meeting大胆地说，清楚并响亮地说speak out

眼下at present代表；象征stand for

互赠礼物 exchange presents处于良好状态 in a good state

在压力下under pressure逐步地，一步一步地step by step

入狱，被监禁go to prison赶上风暴be caught in the storm

在狱中服刑be in prison对…要求严格be strict with sb.in sth.将某人送进监狱throw/put sb.into prison擦火柴strike a match

越狱escape from prison挣扎着起来struggle to one’s feet

遵守诺言keep one’s promise沏茶make tea

养家糊口provide food and clothes for one’s family用望远镜through a telescope

公共事务public affairs辨别；分清tell one from the other

舆论public opinion量体温take one’s temperature

当众，公开in public数以万计tend of thousands of

把…推到一边push aside被吓了一跳be terrified at

推到，（风）刮倒push over因某事感谢某人be thankful to sb.for sth.扔掉 throw away吐出（食物）；呕吐throw up

立刻；很快 in no time交通堵塞traffic jam

上大学 attend university穿旧；使筋疲力尽

拔草 pull out the weeds穿着白色衣服be dressed in white

通盘作为整体 as a whole总的来说on the whole

有志者事竟成Where there is a will ,there is a way.乐意做某事be willing to do sth.1.set down记下，写下

2.in the first place 首先；第一；原先

3.burst into sth.突然而猛烈地发出或产生某事物

4.centre on/upon将某人（某物）当作中心或重点

5.concentrate on 专心致志于

6.keep track of记录；掌握…线索；保持对…的联系

7.stand out突出；出色

8.be diagnosed with …被确诊患有…（疾病）

9.in a row连续；一连串

10.lead sb.to do sth.致使某人做某事

11.apply for提出申请（或要求等）

12.make for 走向；向…前进；有利于，有助于；倾向于

13.get a better understanding of…更充分的理解

14.head down to..向…进发；动身

15.in the name of以…的名义；代表

16.push on(with sth.)毅然继续做某事

17.run out of 耗尽；用光

18.apart from除…外（尚有）

19.set sail（to/from/for)起航

20.compete for 为…而竞争

21.in search of 寻找

22.give birth to 生；产生

23.as long as 只要

24.at the height of在…顶点；在（事业等）的高峰68.live through sth.经历某事物而幸存

25.be made up of由…构成；组成69.be to blame for该受责备；应负责

26.as a consequence of 作为…的结果70.associate …with…使发生联系；使联合27.break out（指激烈事件）突然发生71.go for为…努力获取

28.feed …on给（人或动物）食物；喂养；饲养72.lose weight减肥

29.round up使集合在一起73.be upset about…（对…感到）不安的；不快的；心烦意乱的30.stand for代表；代替；象征；意味着74.tie up系；拴；捆

31.have a strong/great influence on…对…有重大影响75.at stake在危险中

32.benefit from …从…中受益76.protect …from…保护…免于…

33.differ from…和…不同77.be promoted with（用…手段）来宣传，推销

34.have fun with开玩笑78.create form a positive image of塑造/形成一个正面的形象

35.set foot on踏上79.point out指出

36.give birth to 生；产生80.think twice重新考虑

37.in area在面积上81.believe in相信；信仰

38.keep out（使）在外82.set off for…出发，动身到…

39.all the year round终年83.be accustomed to习惯于…

40.have access to接近（或进入）的方法（或权力、机会等）

41.on a large scale大规模地；大范围地84.come to a decision决定下来

42.pass away 去世；逝世85.come to an agreement达成一致；达成协议

43.belong to属于86.come to a conclusion告终；下结论

44.base…on…把…基于87.take up拿起；着手处理；开始（从事于）

45.at first sight乍一看88.care for喜爱；照顾

46.be born into出身于89.leave alone随…去

47.have an appetite for爱好90.in want of需要

48.look out for照料；照看91.care about 介意；在乎；关心

49.put together把…放在一起；把…加在一起92.close up（尤指暂时）关闭；使靠近

50.work out做出；设计出；制定出；算出93.safety standards安全标准

51.make contributions to对做贡献94.working conditions工作条件

52.adapt to 适应95.social conscience 社会道德

53.take into consideration考虑到；顾及96.a poor excuse一个差劲的借口

54.in charge of出于控制或支配地位；负责97.bring in引入…；获利

55.hand in hand手拉手；密切关联的98.be badly-off 生活穷困

56.get across传播；为人理解99.fall asleep入睡

57.appeal to有吸引力；呼吁；上诉100.have no eye for不关心；不在意

58.keep an eye out for sb./sth.留心（或注意）某人或某物101.far from远离；一点也不

59.make sense有意义;有道理102.comment on评论；批评；解释

60.apply… to…运用；应用103.in face of面对；在…面前；不顾…

61.lose heart泄气；灰心104.in favor o 支持；赞同

62.take it easy别紧张；放松点105.in praise of称赞

63.keep up 维持；保持；使某事物处于高水平106.in hope of抱着…的希望

64.common sense常识；情理107.in charge of掌管负责

65.leave behind忘带；留下108.in memory of为了纪念；为追悼…

66.lose one’s way迷路109.in honor of为了纪念

67.come to an end结束；终止110.in search of搜寻

111.in need of需要155.read y-made clothes 成衣 112.turn down 拒绝156.make fun of取笑某人

113.as follows如下157.attend to处理；照顾；关照 114.one by one一个接一个地；逐个地158.take pride in对…感到自豪 115.date back to（时间）追溯到159.do up打扮；梳妆

116.get it wrong误解160.let down不支持；使失望 117.on the contrary相反的是；反而161.at length最后；终于；详细地 118.toast to干杯；祝酒162.at a time一次

119.make sense of弄懂…的意思163.come into being形成120.in other words换句话说；换言之164.as to关于

121.take risks冒险165.be accused of被控诉，控告；被指责，谴责 122.experiment with进行实验；进行试验166.set free使获得自由；释放

123.piles of一大堆；一大批；一大团167.refer to参考；涉及；谈到；指的是 124.fall behind落后于168.get accustomed to变得习惯于 125.come across 偶然遇见169.for a moment片刻；暂时 126.make progress 取得进步170.live through度过；经受住

127.adjust…to…调整；调节171.break out in tears 突然大哭起来 128.as a consequence因此172.cut off切掉；割掉；剪下；切断；隔绝 129.regardless of 不顾；不管；不拘173.tear at撕，扯

130.take place发生174.stick with继续支持；保持联系 131.thanks to 多亏了；由于175.through thick and thin不顾艰难 132.wake up 醒来；叫醒176.pull out of从…中退出

133.stay up 挺住坚持不睡觉177.cater to满足某种需要或要求

134.broaden one’s horizon开阔眼界178.for the sake of由于；为了…的利益 135.in the beginning开始起初179.in reality事实上；实际上 136.lay off解雇；不理会；使下岗180.keep an eye on照料；照管

137.to make matters worse使情况更困难或更危险181.take sth.into account考虑；体谅 138.get rid of 摆脱182.as a whole总的来说；作为整体 139.make ends meet使收支相抵；量入为出183.once again再一次

140.be devoted to 献身于；专心于184.live up to依照…行事；做到；不辜负（期望）141.play a role in 在…中起作用185.accept …as …认为…

142.medical treatment 医疗186.on one’s own独自，靠自己，独立 143.reach a decision 决定下来；下结论187.the majority of大多数；大部分 144.aim at 瞄准；针对；目的在于188.match… to…使…（和…）调和，相配 145.take measures to 采取措施来（做）…189.be suspected to被猜疑，被怀疑 146.make a living谋生

147.depend on依靠；取决于

148.live on 以…为主食；靠…生活

149.prevent…from…阻止，阻挡；制止；妨碍

150.provide… for…为…提供

151.meet the needs of满足…的需要

152.be burdened with …使负重但

153.put pressure on…给…施压；增添压力

154.state-owned companies 国有企业