法律英语期末考试部分总结(仅供参考)

第一篇：法律英语期末考试部分总结(仅供参考)

法律英语期末考试部分总结

一、词汇

（一）诉讼词汇

1.Damages--损害赔偿

2.Joint and several liability—负有连带责任的3.Retainer—律师雇佣协

4.Appearance（enter an appearance）--呈交应诉书，出庭

5.Attorney of record—记录在案的律师

6.Wrongdoer—侵权人，违法犯罪者

7.Forum—法院

8.Estate—不动产，地产，财产

9.Diversity of citizenship—居民多样化身份

10.Venue—具体审判地

11.Complaint—起诉状

12.pleading—诉讼文书

13.Plaintiff –原告

14.Cause of action—诉由

15.Ad damnum—索赔条款

16.Jury trial—陪审团陪审

17.Service of process--送达

18.Summons—传票，传唤

19.Process server—送达人

20.Affidavit—宣誓书

20.Statute of limitations—诉讼时效

21.In personam jurisdiction—属人管辖权

22.Procedural law—程序法，诉讼法

23.Answer—答复书

24.Default judgment—缺席判决

25.Defense—辩护

26.Affirmative defense—积极抗辩

27.Counterclaim—反诉

28.Tangible evidence—实物证据

29.Introduce—采用，提出，30.Set for trial—安排审判

31.Bailiff—法警

32.Voir dire—预备询问，预先审查

33.Challenge for case—有因回避请求

34.Rule on witness—证人规则

35.Burden of proof—举证责任

36.Overrule—驳回

37.Objection—反对,异议

38.Recess—休庭，休息

39.Move„„into evidence—请---（法庭）采纳证据

40.Rest one’s case—举证完毕

41.Adjourn—休庭

42.Directed verdict—直接裁决

43.Take„„under advisement—搁置

44.Standard of proof—举证规则

45.Closing argument—终结辩论

46.Judgment—判决

47.Appeal—上诉

48.Stay—中止执行

49.Notice of appeal—上诉通知书

50.Bond—债

51.Res judicata—一事不再理原则

52.Appellant—上诉人

53.Appellee—被上诉人

54.Brief—上诉状

55.Opinion—意见书

56.Affirm—维持

57.En banc—全席听审

58.Prosecution--，(刑事)检控

59.Indictment—公诉书

60.Arraignment—提审，控告

（二）笔记中词汇

1.false imprisonment—非法拘禁

2.null and void—无效的3.lodging suit –提起诉讼

4.The Intermediate People’s Court—中级人民法院

5.unjustly enriched—不当得利

6.Pecuniary loss—经济损失

7.cause of action—诉由

8.Patent infringement action—专利侵权诉讼

9.subpoena—传票

10.Good Faith Clause—诚实信用条款

11.principal offender—首要罪犯

12.accomplice under duress—胁从犯

13.quid pro quo—对价交换

14.valid consent—有效允诺

15.justice delayed is justice denied---迟到正义不是正义

16.party in breach—违约方

17incidental damages—附带损失

18.loss of profit—利润损失

二、句子改错

（一）使用实意动词，减少be动词的使用。

1、If there is information to which the company has reasonable access, the designated witness is required to review it so that the witness is prepared on all matters of question.改:If the company has reasonable access to information, the designated witness is required to review it so that the witness is prepared on all matters of question.2、Affecting vitally the problem of the burden of proof is the doctrine of presumptions.A presumption occurs in legal terminology when the fact-trier, whether a court or a jury, is required from the proof of one fact to assume some other fact not directly testified to.A well-known example is the presumption that a person is dead after seven years if he or she has been shown to have been absent for seven years without being heard from.改:The doctrine of presumptions affects vitally the problem of the burden of proof.A presumption occurs in legal terminology when the fact-trier, whether a court or a jury, is required from the proof of one fact to assume some other fact not directly testified to.For example, a person is presumed dead after seven years if he or she has been shown to have been absent for seven years without being heard from.（二）修改下列句子，只留下两个到三个-ion结尾的名词。

1、An interested party may make an application for a modification or revocation of an antidumping order(or termination of a suspension agreement)in conjunction with an annual administrative review.A revocation application will normally receive no consideration by the board unless there have been no sales at less than fair value for a period of at least three consecutive years.改:An interested party apply to modify or revoke an antidumping order(or terminate a suspension agreement)in conjunction with an annual administrative review.A revocating application will not be considerated(considered)by the board unless there have been no sales at less than fair value for a period of at least three consecutive years.2、The determination that reasonable grounds exist for the revocation of parole should first be made by someone directly involved in the case.Yet we need make no assumptions in arriving at the conclusion that this preliminary evaluation, and any recommendations resulting therefrom, should be in the hands of someone not directly involved.改:Someone directly involved in the case should first determine that to revocate(revoke)parole.Yet we need not assume in conclusing(concluding)that this preliminary evaluation, and any recommendations resulting therefrom, should be in the hands of someone not directly involved.（三）改写句子，减少介词数量

1、Jenkins knew of the existence of the access port of the computer.改:Jenkins knew of the existence of the computer’s access port.2、Courts have identified a number of factors as relevant to a determination of whether the defendant’s use of another’s registered trademark is likely to cause a state of confusion, mistake, or deception.改:Courts have identified a number of factors as relevant to determine whether the defendant uses another’s registered trademark is likely to cause confusion, mistake, or deception.（四）修改句子，在不改变句意得前提下，去掉多余的词与内容

1、licensee will perform the work in compliance with all applicable laws, rules, statutes, ordinances, and codes.改:licensee will perform the work in compliance with all applicable rules, statutes, ordinances, and codes.2、While the witness’s truthfulness and veracity may be inquired into on cross examination, it cannot be further challenged by the introduction of extrinsic evidence relating to matters not already in the record.改:While the witness’s truthfulness may be inquired into on cross examination, it cannot be further challenged by the introduction of extrinsic evidence.（五）改错：以下各句之至少含有一个主谓不一致的现象，请找出并予以改正。

并改写以下句子，适当调整主谓语之间的间隔距离，使句子更简洁、更具有可读性。

1、The regulations for implementing the act also imposes a duty on the state to provide adequate and timely notice and to provide an opportunity for a fair hearing in accordance with the standard of due process.改:The implemention of regulations also imposes a duty on the state to provide adequate and timely notice and to provide an opportunity for a fair hearing in accordance with the standard of due process.2、Mr.Jin contends that because his friend who telephoned the various state agencies was not told how to perfect an appeal, Mr.Jin’s opportunity for a fair hearing and his chance to continue his business pending the hearing was deprived.改:Mr.Jin contends that because his friend who telephoned the various state agencies was not told how to perfect an appeal, So they deprived Mr.Jin’s opportunity for a fair hearing and his chance to continue his business pending the hearing.3、Any damage incurred by plaintiffs in such a suit are to be offset by the benefits of the defendant.改:The benefits of the defendant offset any damage incurred by plaintiffs in such a suit.（六）请通过修改标点或改写的方式改正下列句子中的句子片段。

1、Before 1963 plaintiffs in products liability cases had to rely on negligence, breach of warranty, or misrepresentation.Because these theories were not developed as special causes of action for product cases, and they presented with certain obstacles.Negligence required a plaintiff to prove an act of negligence on the part of the defendant.Warranty law required a plaintiff to contend with privity, notice, and disclaimers.2、Your conversation with Mr.Qi did not create an enforceable agreement.There is no need to discuss the elements of consideration.Because, in our country, words of reassurance are not recognized as promises, with are required to complete a bargained-for exchange.（七）下列各句含有不同程度的句意含糊的语病，有的是前后搭配不当引起的，有的是逻辑关系混乱造成的。请在保证句意不变的前提下予以改正。

1、If the plaintiff raised a contention that the “plea for renewal,” which he was granted in the previous telephone conversation, can be offered as parol evidence to allow him to renew once more.改:If the plaintiff raised a contention that the “plea for renewal,” which he was granted in the previous telephone conversation,the conversation can be offered as parol evidence to allow him to renew once more.如果原告以过去的电话交谈为由向法院申请续约，电话交谈的内容可被当做允许其再续约一次的口头证据。

2、Remembering that the current marriage statute is interpreted in favor of the female in divorce litigations, this should help your woman client win the custody action.改:Because/As the current marriage statute is interpreted in favor of the wifes(women)in divorce proceding, this should help your woman client prevail the custody action.由于目前的婚姻法被法院用于保护离婚诉讼中女方的权益，因此该法应使你的女当事人在监护权的诉讼中获胜。

三.焦点陈述Statement of Issues：（无需回答）

焦点陈述需包括以下三个要素：

（1）在什么样法律规定下；

（2）根据何种既成法律事实；

（3）是否应该产生某一法律后果。

例句：Whether, under the practice of international judicial assistance(国际司法协助)，a U.S.citizen may apply to an English court for a worldwide Mareva Injunction(玛瑞瓦禁令)to restrict a Chinese joint venture operating solely within China?

例句：Statement of Issue: Under California law that may hold a bartender liable for negligently(过失)selling alcohol to a driver, is Ms.Bartender Zhang liable for injuries caused by her customer in an automobile accident after she served him two drinks even though he was visibly intoxicated already?41.Adjourn—

休庭

42.Directed verdict—

直接裁决

43.Take„„under advisement—

搁置

44.Standard of proof—

举证规则 45.Closing argument—

终结辩论

46.Judgment—

判决

47.Appeal—

上诉

48.Stay—

中止执行

49.Notice of appeal—

上诉通知书

50.Bond—

债

51.Res judicata—

一 事不再理原则

52.Appellant—

上诉人 53.Appellee—

被上诉人

54.Brief—

上诉状55.Opinion— 意见书

56.Affirm—

维持

57.En banc—

全席听审

58.Prosecution--，(刑事)检控

59.Indictment—

公诉书

60.Arraignment—

提审，控告

（二）笔记中词汇

1.false imprisonment—

非法拘禁

2.null and void—

3.lodging suit

4.The Intermediate People’s Court—

5.unjustly enriched—

6.Pecuniary loss—

7.cause of action—

8.Patent infringement action—

9.subpoena—

10.Good Faith Clause—

11.principal offender—

12.accomplice under duress—

13.quid pro quo—

14.valid consent—

15.justice delayed is justice denied--

16.party in breach—

17incidental damages—

18.loss of profit—

无效的 –提起诉讼

中级人民法院

不当得利

经济损失

诉由

专利侵权诉讼

传票

诚实信用条款

首要罪犯

胁从犯

对价交换

有效允诺

-迟到正义不是正义

违约方

附带损失

利润损失 9

第二篇：英语期末考试总结

期末考试结束了，成也好，败也罢，都已经过去了，我们现在要做的就是认真总结，积极反思，调适心态，再决将来。

期末考试不仅给我们查找自己不足的机会，还让我们知道自己的真实水平，给我们指明了努力的方向！

一、写作：平时应多积累好句，应用到写作中，这会使作文提高不少分。写的时候还要多加入一些感受，是文章更生动。

二、英语听力：明明告诉自己要专心，可越是这样越发无法将心思全部投入听力当中来，有时候甚至听到下一题的时候，还在回想上一题是否正确，这个毛病必须克服。平时应该多训练才好。

三、完形填空：需要耐心，而我缺乏的就是耐心，专心理解吧。

四、阅读理解：先看题目再读文章，这是初中英语老师教我的，谢谢他，这个方法挺好的。带着问题去边读边找答案。更重要的是，读文章时，不能被打扰，不能中断，不能一心二用，心平气和地做题才好。

五、平时没有养成认真检查的习惯。答完卷之后，没有认真检查试卷，马马虎虎、粗心大意，导致失分严重。

一次考试并不是句号，更不能代表我们全部的实力。我要及时调整自己，为下一次考试做好准备！

第三篇：四年级英语期末考试总结

四年级英语期末考试总结

一、题型特点

本次试卷命题基于教材，紧扣课标，立足全体学生，在试题中体现了趣味化、生活化、任务化、开放性、交际性和应用性等新课程课程概念，绝大多数学生能胜任作为水平考试的英语试题，从中感受英语学习的成功与乐趣。具体说来，本次试题有如下特点：

1、注重基础知识的考查

试卷坚持依据于课本，但又避免对教材中机械的知识进行生搬硬套，对于一些学生必须掌握的基础知识作为重点考查的内容，因为这些语言知识的掌握能更好地为今后的学习打下坚实的基础。

2、突出语言的交际功能

英语作为语言，是一种交际的工具。而小学英语教学根据学生的年龄特点和语言学习的规律，确立以听、说能力的培养为主要目标，读写跟上的原则进行。因此，整个考试加大了对听说能力的考查。

3、寓乐趣于试题中

试卷中配了多幅插图，有很强的趣味性，使考生在做题中自然地排除紧张心理，既开发了智力，检测了知识和能力水平，又获得了英语学习的乐趣。

二、答题分析

1、听力包括给图片排序、单词选择、选择正确的就答句，由浅入深，循序渐进，梯度合理。

（1）给图片排序该题配以插图，内容具有亲和力和活泼性，以人为本。试题前的温馨提示、听力前的美妙音乐，有力缓解了学生的紧张情绪；大量图片的呈现，让整张试卷呈现出活泼感，但是听的不是单纯的单词，而是听对话，根据对话选择有关的图片，学生第一次接触，难度比较大,本题学生失分较多，正确率不高。（2）单词选择旨在考查学生的判断能力及瞬间的听觉反应能力，选项之间有一定的干扰性，但学生对单词掌握得熟练，此题得分不错。

（3）选择正确的应答句考查学生对本册中主要句型的掌握情况，由于平时讲得扎实，夯实了基础，此题难不倒学生。

总之，听力部分学生做得没有以前好，第一题失分较多，从中体现了学生较弱的运用和反映能力。

2、笔试包括单词分类、大小写互换,四会单词默写、单项选择、完成对话和情景对话。

（1）单词分类考察学生对三会单词的掌握情况,他们的早自习经常会读单词卡片,所以这个对他们来说没问题,失分很少。

（2）单词的默写考查学生对单词的掌握情况，平时老师紧扣大纲、课标，学生单词掌握牢固，完成情况良好，稍有不足的是学生对个别单词的运用有所混淆。（3）单项选择巧设机关，启发思维。有些测试试题的设计一改传统的平铺直叙形式，把几方面的知识有机地融合在一起，既有知识的记忆，又有运用基础知识、解决实际问题的能力，学生完成较好。

（4）完成对话，本题非常直观，同时又给予学生一定的想象空间，避免了单独的语法知识的考查，该题要求不高，但有一定的区分度，学生对单词掌握不够牢固。

（5）情景对话情境的设置贴进学生，贴进生活，具有一定的时代性，学生完成得较理想。

三、改进措施

本次质量监控留给我们的思考的问题很多，现对如何进一步加强教学，提高教学质量提出以下改进措施：

1、狠抓基础，培养能力老师精心备课，认真上课，打好扎实的语言基础，特别是最基本的词汇和常用句型，要反复训练，做到举一反三。在课堂教学中，教师经引导学生进行观察、比较、分析、讨论、归纳总结等，把更多的时间让给学生进行听、说、读、写的语言实践。

2、要适当增加语言的输入量，拓展学生的知识面。

在教师中，不仅要学好书本知识，还要适当增加些听、读材料，加强情景方面的听力训练。

3、做好培优补差教学中注意趣味性，不断激发学生的学习兴趣，同时分层布置作业，让优生更优，后进生迎头赶上，中等生向优生转化，面向全体，全面提高学生的英语水平。

第四篇：三年级英语期末考试总结

三年级英语期末考试总结

三年级本次仍是校内检测，共分为两部分：面试和笔试，面试和笔试各占50分。笔试分为听力和书写两部分。听力占25分，书写部分占25分。考虑到三年级学生初次接触英语，面试题目侧重于考察学生的综合运用语言能力。笔试题目则侧重于考察学生对基础知识的掌握情况，以及本阶段所应具备的英语综合运用能力。英语的学习离不开听、说、读、写，以及好的语言环境。因此，倡导学生熟练掌握基础知识的同时，注重在日常生活中多运用英语，注重语用能力的提高。

三年级实际人数 55 人，参加考试人数 55人，总分 分，平均分为 分，优秀率 85%，及格率100%。根据学生成绩表分析，三年级英语上册课标要求掌握的基础知识和基本技能，90%以上的学生都能掌握。其中对单词和对话的掌握较为牢固。但是对字母的左邻、右舍掌握略微薄弱。个别学生不能迅速说出所给字母的左邻、右舍。

在接下来的教学过程中，一方面，句子的听说认读和运用能力继续提高。课堂上多采用情景教学法和角色扮演,让学生多参与课堂活动，敢于说英语，多说英语。另一方面我应着重培养学生书写习惯的培养。尤其是对26个字母的读、写，注意一些字母的笔顺。26个字母是最基础的，是学生必需掌握的。正确书写，掌握书写方法对于学生学习英语非常重要。课下当然也离不开单选、选答语、根据情境选择合适句子等相关题型的练习。再接再厉，争取将三年级学生基础打得更牢，为四年级做准备。

第五篇：法律英语考前总结

法律职业legal profession;律师协会Bar Association 律师执业practice law;专职法律顾问House counsel;两级审判体制two-tiered system；司法管辖区judicial district;私人执业律师private practitioner;刑事责任criminal liability;正当杀人justifiable homicide;激情杀人killing sb.“in the heat of passion”;非故意杀人unintentional killing;过失杀人罪 negligent homicide.法律效力legal effect;事实、书面协议agreement-in-fact(as written)法官的自由裁决权judicial discretion;补偿和损害赔偿金compensation and damages;无形损害intangible damage;共同过失contributory negligence;严格（无过错）责任strict(No-Fault)liability.重罪谋杀felony murder, robbery1、产品责任（product liability）：liability in TORT or DELICT in respect of produce.Essentially an application of the law of tort although the term can be used to cover liability under sale and supply of goods.过失侵权责任 Tort liability for negligence presupposes causality

between the negligent act and injury to person or property.A person is negligent if he has not complied with his “duty of care” and, seen objectively, has not acted as “ a reasonable and prudent man.”

2、无过错责任严格责任：（no-fault liability）=strict liability.(in tort)Liability for a wrong that is imposed withoutthe claimant having to prove that the defendant was at fault.Strict liability is exceptional in the law of tort, but is imposed for torts involving dangerous animals and dangerous things conversion, defamation, products liability, and some cases of breach of statutory duty.It is no defence in these torts that the defendant took reasonable care to prevent damage, but various

other defences are admitted.杀人：Homicide,is the killing of one human being by another human being.谋杀：murder:According to the common law, murder was the killing of a human being with “malice”,malice may be express or implied.3、一级谋杀：First degree murder is any murder that is willful and

premeditated.Felony murder is typically first degree murder.非预谋杀人：Manslaughter, was defined a common law as an unlawful killing of another without malice.It could be ethier voluntary or involuntary.==voluntary Manslaughter, an intentional killing upon “great provocation” and ”in the heat of passion” constitutes the crime of

voluntary Manslaughter.Involuntary manslaughter, may be described generally as an unintentional killing resulting from gross negligence, or as a result of dangerous unlawful conduct.4、司法系统：judicial system:the system of law courts that administer justice and constitute the judicial branch of government.There are fifty-two separate courts systems in the United States.Each state, as well as the District of Columbia, has its own fully developed, independent system of courts and there is a separate federal courts system.The presence of two parallel court systems, presenting important issues of federalism.The

United States Supreme Court, composed of nine justices, sits as the final and controlling voice over all these systems.米兰达规则：The Miranda Rule：When a person is in custody, some version of the Miranda rights, the interrogator must advise the suspect that : When a person is in custody, some version of the

Miranda rights, such as: a.he has aright to remain silent;b.anything he says may be used against him;c.he has a right to an lawyer;d.If he cannot

afford a lawyer one will be provided free.It became known as the doctrine of Miranda warnings later.侵权行为： A tort is something that you do or fail to do which harms someone else and for which you can be sued for damages.tort, in common law

jurisdictions, is a civil wrong.Tort law deals with situations where a person's behaviour has unfairly caused someone else to suffer loss or harm.侵权责任：(tortious liability): Liability that arises from the breach of a duty thatis fixed primarily by the law,is owed to persons generally, andwhen

breached, is redressable by an action for unliquidated damages.5、法律职业： legal profession ：the body of individuals qualified to practice law in a particular jurisdiction.American legal profession composed by lawyers, judges, prosecutors and law teachers.7.专职法律顾问house counsel,employed by private business concerns, such as industrial corporations, banks, usually as house or corporate counsel in the concern’s legal department.8.合同contract, as we will use that term, ordinarily connotes an agreement

between two or more persons-not merely a shared belief, but a common understanding as to refer to a

document-the set of papers in which such an agreement is set forth.1、一级谋杀与二级谋杀的区别：A “willful, deliberate and premeditated” killing.such a poisoning or a killing during the commission fo a dangerous felony, may be labeled first degree

murder and punishable by death or long imprisonment.Other forms of murder may be of the second degree and punishable with a lesser penalty.According to the common law, however, there were no degrees of murder.Any unlawful killing was either murder or manslaughter.汉译英：

1、是否废除死刑是法学界长期争议的问题。

Whether to abolish capital punishment is widely debated for long in law Profession.案例教学法是美国法学界最普遍的教学方法。

Case method is the most popular teaching method widely used in American law profession.3、联邦和州最高法院的法官被称为大法官。

The federal and state Supreme Court judges are called justice.4、然而，构成对此规则之例外的虽少但很重要的一小部分人包括那些被任命担任高级行政职务的人和那些被选举担任政治性官职的人。However, a small but important minority that constitutes an exception to this rule consists of those who have been

appointed to high executive positions and those who have been elected to political office.5、在我们的执业的传统中，没有一个能像其担任公共事务领导的传统那样受到律师们的钟爱。No tradition of our profession is more cherished by lawyers than that of its leadership in public affairs.6、（各州）采用的做法反映了关于最高法院应发挥什么作用的不同哲理。The approaches taken reflect differing philosophies with regard to what the highest court should do.7.该杀人行为的有关情况表明了一颗冷酷邪恶之心。The circumstances attending the killing show an abandoned and malignant heart.8.至于那些可以合理地归入这种行为范畴的杀人，该行为的危险性就是“恶意”的证明。The dangerousness of the conduct would be evidence of “malice” as regards any killing that may be reasonably attributed to such conduct.9.它导致了那些如果法官或陪审团只能选择监禁性或无罪释放便可能无法得到的有罪判决。It results in

convictions that might not be secured if a judge or jury had no choice other than a penitentiary sentence or an acquittal.10.该法院裁定：继任审判员不得仅仅因为其反对死刑的良心顾忌而被要求退出审判团。The court held that

prospective jurors could not be rejected solely because of conscientious scruples against the death penalty.11.他设立了当其不按约履行时便可由某种法律强制手段保证实施的义务。It creates obligations for which some sort of legal enforcement will be available if performance is forthcoming as promised.12.即使是那些对财产私有权的许可未达到我们这种程度的社会也会承认个人的人身权利不受某种行为的侵犯，如给人造成身体伤害或其他对个人自由或尊严的侵犯。Even societies that do not permit private ownership of wealth to the degree that ours does are likely to recognize the personal rights of

individuals to be free from certain kinds of conduct such as the infliction of physical injury or other interferences with their individual freedom or dignity.13.某些被我们称作欺诈的行为同时构成了违约和侵权。Some types of conducts that we call “fraud” can

constitute both a breach of contact and a

tort.14.法律之网可能不像常言所说的那样结实无缝，但是学生们和教师们同样都要谨防坠入相信我们的各种法律分类都是打不破也不能改变的那一陷阱，他们实际上不是那样。The wed of the law may not be quite as seamless as the old saying would have it, but

students and teachers alike must beware of falling into the trap of believing that our various legal categories are ironclad and unchanging;they are not.15.美国法律允许律师分享原告人所获得的赔偿金，即使达到法院判付金额的25%—33%的情况也并非罕见。American law permits the participation of the attorney in the plaintiff’s recovery which not uncommonly amounts to 25 to 33 percent of the verdict.16.作为侵权行为人醉酒之结果而受到伤害的一方有权向那些照成该侵权行为人醉酒的人提出索赔请求。A party injured as a result of the intoxication of the tortfeasor has a claim against him who contributed to the tortfeasor’s intoxication.17.过失侵权责任以过失行为与对人身或财产的侵害之间的因果关系为前提。Tort liability for negligence presupposes causality between the

negligent act and the injury to person or property.18.共同过失辩护的严格性已经因一些州采用了“比较过失”原则而得到减弱。The harshness of the contributory negligence defense has been softened in some States by adoption of the “comparative negligence” doctrine.19.销售商应该遇见到会由于对该产品的恰到使用而带来危险的每一个人均受保护。Everyone is protected whom the seller “should expect to be

endangered by [the product’s] probable use”.