定语从句和there be讲解专项练习题

第一篇：定语从句和there be讲解专项练习题

定语从句专项练习题

1.Don’t talk about such things of __________ you are not sure.A.which B.what C.as D.those 2.Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A.that B.where C.in which D.the one 3.Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A.that B.where C.which D.the one 4.Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago? A.that B.where C.which D.the one 5.The wolves hid themselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found.A.that B.where C.in which D.in that 6.The freezing point is the temperature __________ water changes into ice.A.at which B.on that C.in which D.of what 7.This book will show you __________ can be used in other contexts..A.how you have observed B.what you have observed C.that you have observed D.how that you have observed 8.The reason is __________ he is unable to operate the machine.A.because B.why C.that D.whether 9.I’ll tell you __________ he told me last week.A.all which B.that C.all that D.which 10.That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is very old.A.whose B.of which C.in which D.on which 11.I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.A.as B.that C.which D.what 12.He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.A.which B.it C.that D.what 13.We’re talking about the piano and the pianist __________ were in the concert we attended last night.A.which B.whom C.who D.that 14.The girl __________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A.who is singing B.is singing C.sang D.was singing 15.Those __________ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A.learn B.who C.that learns D.who learn 16.Anyone __________ this opinion may speak out.A.that against B.that against C.who is against D.who are against 17.Didn’t you see the man __________?

A.I nodded just now B.whom I nodded just now C.I nodded to him just now D.I nodded to just now 18.Can you lend me the novel __________ the other day? A.that you talked B.you talked about it C.which you talked with D.you talked about 19.Is there anything __________ to you? A.that is belonged B.that belongs C.that belong D.which belongs 20.----“How do you like the book?”

----“It’s quite different from __________ I read last month.” A.that B.which C.the one D.the one what 21.Mr.Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except __________ who had already taken them.A.the ones B.ones C.some D.the others 22.The train __________ she was travelling was late.A.which B.where C.on which D.in that 23.He has lost the key to the drawer __________ the papers are kept.A.where B.in which C.under which D.which 24.Antarctic __________ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A.which B.where C.that D.about which 25.It’s the third time __________ late this month.A.that you arrived B.when you arrived C.that you’ve arrived D.when you’ve arrived

26.It was in 1969 __________ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.A.that B.which C.when D.in which 27.May the fourth is the day __________ we Chinese people will never forget.A.which B.when C.on which D.about which 28.We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, __________ live my grandparents and some relatives.A.which B.that C.who D.where 29.The hotel __________ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A.we stayed at B.where we stayed at C.we stayed D.in that we stayed 30.Is it in that factory __________ “Red Flag” cars are produced? A.in which B.where C.which D.that 31.It is the Suez Canal __________ separates Asia __________ Africa.A.which, to B.where, from C.that, from D.that, with 32.Under the bridge, however, almost directly below, __________ was a small canoe, with a boy in it.A.there B.where C.it D.which 33.He is not __________ a fool __________.A.such, as he is looked B.such, as he looks C.as, as he is looked D.so, as he looks 34.Is that the reason __________ you are in favour of the proposal? A.which B.what C.why D.for that 35.He must be from Africa, __________ can be seen from his skin.A.that B.as C.who D.what 36.He has two sons, __________ work as chemists.A.two of whom B.both of whom C.both of which D.all of whom

37.I, __________ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A.who is B.who am C.that is D.what is 38.He is a man of great experience, __________ much can be learned.A.who B.that C.from which D.from whom 39.----Do you know the town at all?---No, this is the first time I __________ here.A.was B.have been C.came D.am coming 40.I don’t like __________ you speak to her.A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which 41.The two things __________ they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.A.about which B.of which C.in which D.for which 42.The dinner was the most expensive meal we __________.A.would have B.have had C.had never had D.had ever had 43.Do you know which hotel __________? A.she is staying B.she is staying in C.is she staying D.is she staying in 44.There is only one thing __________ I can do.A.what B.that C.all D.which 45.Who can think of a situation __________ this idiom can be used? A.which B.that C.where D.in that 46.I have many books, some of __________ are on chemistry.A.them B.that C.which D.those 47.They were interested __________ you told them.A.in which B.in that C.all that D.in everything 48.The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, __________ much help for knowing space.A.which we think it is B.which we think are of C.of which we think is D.I think which is of 49.The great day we looked forward to __________ at last.A.come B.came C.coming D.comes 50.I like the second football match __________ was held last week.A.which B.who C.that D./

参考答案：

1—5 AADBA 6—10 ABCCA 11—15 AADAD

16—20 CDDBC 21—25 ACBDC 26—30 AADAD

31—35 CABCB 36—40 BBDBA 41—45 BDBBC

46—50 CDBBC

1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A.Which B.where C.what D.in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke C.I spoke to D.that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month.A.which they stayed B.at that they stayed C.where they stayed at D.where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A.which B.that C.when D.on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A.which B.on which C.in which D.when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A.where B.to which C.which D.in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A.where B.that C.which D.there 8.This is one of the best films _______.A.that have been shown this year B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year D.that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.about which you talked B.which you talked C.about that you talked D.that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A.whom B.who C.which D.that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D.with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A.who B.who's C.which D.whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A.all that B.all what C.that D.which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A.which B.who C.what D.as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A.who B.whom C.that D.as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A.that B.as C.whom D.what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A.I went with B.with whom I went C.with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read.A.the novels B.the such novels C.such novels D.same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A.which B.that C.whom D.what 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A.which B.that C.whom D.who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A.them B.which C.whom D.who 23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A.who;/ B./;whom C.whom;/ D./;who 24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A.whose title B.its title C.the title of it D.the title of that 25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A.for which B.for that C.in which D.what 26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A.that B.which C.as D.it 27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.on which;when 28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A.which B.whose C.what D./ 29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A.in which B.with which C.that D.for which 30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked B.which I have looked after C.that I have looked after D.I have looked after 31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A.why;that B.that;why C.for that;that D.for which;what 32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which 34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which 36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A.who B.which C.that D.it

37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A.that B.which C.from that D.from which

38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A.that B.which C.who D.as

39.You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A./ B.why C.when D.whose

40.Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A.that B.which C.it D.though

41.---Did you ask the guard _______ happened?---Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A.what;that B.what;what C.which;which D.that;that

42.I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.A.when;who B.that;which C.which;that D.when;which

43.The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A.owns;are B.owns;is C.own;is D.own;are

44.During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed 45.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn? A.that B./ C.which D.it

46.The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house.A.which;what B.through which;what C.through that;what D.what;that 47.Is _______ some German friends visited last week? A.this school B.this the school C.this school one D.this school where 48.John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A.as B.that C.what D.who

49.I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.A.none of them B.neither of them C.neither of which D.none of which 50.All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.A.are being B.has been C.had been D.have been

参考答案及解析

1.A.which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。

2．C.“和谁讲话”要说speak to sb.本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。

3.D.where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。4.C.when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

5．A.which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。6．C.解析同第5题。7.A.解析见第3题。

8.A.本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。

9.A.“谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。10.A.with which是”介词+关系代词“结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有”用“的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that.with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.11.C.in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse.In front of which在从句中作状语.12.D.with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.13.D.whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.14.A.that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.15.D.the same……..as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语.16.D.such……… as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语.17.B.as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语.18.B.Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定语从句.with whom放在从句中为:I went to the concert with Li Ming.19.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用such a……..,本题中such books, such直接修饰复数名词.20.B.things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.21.D.who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.22.C.two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.23.D.先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.24.A.whose title引导非限制性定语从句,whose title也可以说成the title of which 25.A.for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for ”以……..而闻名".26.C.当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as.As在本从句中作主语.27.A.两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in(或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。

29.D.for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代.30.B.which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句.31.A.The reason why… was that….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有 “因为”的含义。32.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.33.A.解释见28题.34.D.主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B.both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句.35.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语.36.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.37.D.38.D.解析见35题.39.A.he makes是定语从句, 从句前省略了关系代词that.40.B.which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句.41.A.what happened是宾语从句.all 之后that he knew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.42.D.years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句.43.C.本句话的定语从句是who own cars.其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是The number of指“…..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。

44.D.that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。45.A.先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。

46.B.through which引导定语从句，through which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。47.B.为便于理解，改写本句话：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week.不难看出，作表语的the school是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。48.A.解释见35题。

49.C.因为是two ballpens, 并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。

50.B.本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has been。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。

there be 小结

1.基本结构 ：There be +主语 + 地点 /时间状语。如： There is a computer in the room.房间里有一台电脑。There are two TV plays every evening.每晚有两场电视剧。

2.主谓一致： 要采取就近一致原则，和*近be的主语一致。如： There is a pen, two rulers in the box.盒子里有一只钢笔，两把尺子。There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate.门口有两个男孩，一个老师。

3.主语后的动词形式：在there be 句型中，主语与动词是主动关系时用现在分词；是被动关系时用过去分词。如： There is a purse lying on the ground.地上有一个钱包。There are five minutes left now.现在还有5分钟。

4.反意疑问句。反意疑问句应与there be对应，而不是依据主语。如：There is a radio on the table, isn＇t there? 桌子上有一台收音机，是吧？ There are more than fifty classes in your school, aren＇t there? 你们班有50多名学生，是吧？

5.there be 与have的替换：there be表示所属时可与have替换。There is nothing but a book in my bag.=I have nothing but a book in my bag.包里只有一本书。

6.there be后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：There is a lot of work to do.有许多工作要做。注意：当该句型主语是something, anything, nothing等不定代词时，后面的不定式用主动形式或被动形式，意义各不同。There is nothing to do.没有事可做。There is nothing to be done.没有办法(束手无策)。

7.与其它词连用，构成复合谓语。如：There may be a rain this afternoon.今天下午可能有雨。There used to be a cinema here before the war.战争之前，这儿有一家电影院。8.变体 there be结构中的be有时可用live, stand, remain等代替。如：Once there lived a king who cared more about new clothes than anything else.从前有位国王喜欢新服胜过别的任何东西。

9.习惯用语：There is no good /use(in)doing sth.做某事没有好处/用处；There is not a moment to lose.一刻也不能耽误。例如：There is no good making friends with him.和他交朋友没有什么好处。He is very ill.Send him to hospital.There＇s not a moment to lose.他病得厉害，把他送到医院去，一刻也不能耽误。

第二篇：定语从句讲解

定语从句专题讲解

一、基本概念：

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago.定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which，as 关系副词有：when, where, why.二、关系词的用法：

（一）关系代词的用法：

1． 作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door.The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.2． 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如：

The man(whom/who/that)we have just seen is a famous writer.Where is the book(which/that)I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略；用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。

3． 作定语用whose, 如：(a)He is the man whose car was stolen last week.(b)It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b句）。whose 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”，如： They came to a house whose back wall had broken down..(= the back wall of which)He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten.(= whose name)4． 作表语只用that，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be.This is no longer the dirty place(that)it used to be.（二）关系副词的用法：

1．when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如：

I still remember the time when I first became a college student.Do you know the date when Lincoln was born? 注：when时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如： Each time he came, he did his best to help us.But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill.2．where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词常有：place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等。This is the hotel where they are staying.I forget the house where the Smiths lived.注：where有时也可以省略。如：

This is the place(where)we met yesterday.3． why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如： That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.注：why时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it.(三)使用关系副词应注意下列几点：

1． 这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on(in, at, during„)+ which;where = in(at, on„)+ which;why = for which.如：

I was in Beijing on the day when(=on which)he arrived.The office where(=in which)he works is on the third floor.This is the chief reason why(=for which)we did it.2． 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较：

I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated.I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer.His father works in a factory where radio parts are made.His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.3． when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。而why 只能引导限制性定语从句。三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1．限制性定语从句说明先行词的情况，对先行词起限定作用，与先行词关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，也不可省略，否则全句意义就不完整。如： This is the telegram which he refers to.Is there anything(that)I can do for you? 2．非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作补充说明，没有限定作用，它与先行词的关系比较松散，因而不是关键性的，如果省略，原句的意义仍然完整。这种从句在朗读时要有停顿，在文字中通常用逗号与主句隔开。如：

This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago.As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有：who, whom, whose, which, when 和 where，不可以用that和why。

另外，非限制性定语从句从意义上讲，相当于一个并列句，在口语中使用并不普遍，在日常生活中，人们通常用并列句或简单句来表达。如：

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I told the story to John, who later did it to his brother.= I told the story to John, and he later told it to his brother.Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you.= Yesterday I happened to see John and he was eager to have a talk with you.3．两种定语从句的内涵不同，限制性定语从句具有涉他性，而非限制性定语从句具有唯一性，这在理解和翻译时应特别注意。试比较： All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.All the books there that have beautiful pictures in them were written by him.His brother, who is eighteen years old, is a PLA man.（只有一个）His brother who is a PLA man is eighteen years old.（不止一个）

4．有时，非限制性定语从句所修饰的不是某一个词，而是整个主句或是主句中的一个部分，这时一般采用which或as来引导。当整个主句（先行词）在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要用单数。

eg: He passed the exam, which/as he hoped he would.He has left here, which greatly upsets me.注：

（1）as引导的从句可以放在主句之前，而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。They are hollow, which makes them very light.As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.（2）从意义上讲，which指前面主句的内容；而as指代的是作为一般人都知道的常识性的东西，因此常译成“就象„ „那样”。

（3）如果定语从句的内容对主句的内容起消极作用或当非限制定语从句为否定时，则常用which，而不用as，如：

She stole her friend’s money, which was disgraceful.He tore up my photo, which upset me.Tom drinks a lot everyday,which his wife doesn’t like at all.5．在正式文体中，以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常以in which或 that 引导，如：

The way in which you answered the questions was admirable.但在非正式文体中，人们通常省略in which或 that : The way(in which)he spoke to us was suspicious.I don’t like the way(that)you laugh at her.四．关系词的选择

1． 在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作主语，只能用who 指人，which指物；关系代词做宾语，常用whom（口语中有时用who）指人，which指物，它们都不能用that代替。

2． 关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用whom指人，which指物；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：

Do you know the boy to whom she was talking?

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Do you know the boy(that)she was talking to? The pencil(which/that)he was writing with suddenly broke.3． 在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，关系词可用which或that，二者常可以互换；但在下列情况中，只能用that，不用which：(1)当先行词是all, a lot,(a)little, few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing等词时。如： All that can be done has been done.In this factory I saw little / much that was different from ours.(2)当先行词被all, any no, much, little, few, every等限定词所修饰时。如：

We heard clearly every word that he said.(3)当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时。如：

The first thing that should be done is to get the tickets.When people talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes to mind is the West Lake.(4)当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰，以及先行词被序数词和形容

词最高级同时修饰时，如：

Is that the best that you can do? That’s the most expensive hotel that we’ve ever stayed in.This novel is the second best one that I have ever read.(5)当先行词被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修饰时。如： This is the very book that I want to find.(6)当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时。如：

The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that they saw at the Children’s Palace.She described in her compositions the people and places that impressed her most.(7)当主句是以which，who,what开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Which is the car that killed the boy? Who is the person that is making this lecture? 4.用which而不用that的情况：

①引导非限制性定语从句； ②代表整个主句的意思； ③介词+关系代词。e.g.He had failed in the maths exam,which made his father very angry.他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。

This is the room in which my father lived last year.这是父亲去年居住过的房子。

5.在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指人时，关系词可用who(m)或that，二者常可互换。

但在下列情况中，用who(m)，而不用that：

(1)当先行词是one, ones, any, few, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody等词时。如：

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Is there anyone who can answer this question? He was among the few who managed to live through the enemy prison camp.注：在非正式文体中可以说：You’re the one that knows where to go.)(2)当先行词是he, they, those, people, person等词时。如： He who wants to catch fish just not mind getting wet.Those who are against the proposal put up your hands.注：在固定结构的谚语或习语中，可用he that„。如： He that promises too much means nothing.(3)当先行词有较长的后置定语修饰时。如：

Do you know the writer in blue with thick glasses who is speaking at the meeting?(4)在分隔式定语从句中，若先行词指人，为了明确修饰关系，应当用who(m)。如：

A new master will came tomorrow who will teach you German.There’s only one student in the school who/whom I wanted to see.I was the only person in my office who was invited.(5)两个定语从句同时修饰一个指人的先行词，第二个定语从句常用who(m)来引导，如：

She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar.6.在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指人时，在下列情况中，一般用关系词that:(1)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there? Which of us that knows anything does not know this?(2)当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰时。如： He is the greatest man that has ever lived.(3)当先行词被the only, the very, the last等词所修饰时。如： She is the only person that understands me.7.当先行词被the same所修饰时，关系词既可以用as，也可以用that。在表示具体事物时，有时两者有一定的区别。一般说来，表示同一种类多用as，表示同一事物多用that。

如：This is the same instrument that I used yesterday.这就是我昨天用过的那台仪器。

This is the same instrument as I used yesterday.这台仪器跟我昨天用过的那台一样。

在抽象概念上，同种类和同一事物是没有绝对区别的，所以两个词可换用： I have the same opinion as / that you have.这里要注意的是：

（1）使用as时，它引导的定语从句中的动词可以省略，但使用that时，定语从句中 的动词不可省略。如： Women received the same pay as men.Women received the same pay that men received.(2)在“the same„that”结构中，that只是用来加强语气，强调“相同”。

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that可以省去而不改变句子原意，甚至连名词前的same也可以省去。如： This is the same instrument that I used yesterday.= This is the same instrument I used yesterday.= This is the instrument I used yesterday.但在“the same„as”结构中，same和as都不能省略。

(3)当“the same„that”结构中的that作为关系副词用时，不可以直接与as互换。

如：He lives in the same building that I live.= He lives in the same building as / that I live in.Shall we meet at the same place that we last met? = Shall we meet at the same place that / as we last met at? 8.当先行词前有such, so, as时，关系词应当用as。如： A wise man seldom talks about such things as he doesn’t understand.He spoke in such easy English as everybody could understand.At this time of the day, all buses and trolleys have to carry as many passengers as they can.It is so easy a book as every schoolboy can read.Let’s discuss such things as we can talk of freely.另需注意：

This book is written in such easy English as beginners can understand.（定语从句）

This book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.（结果状语从句）

9.as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：

as is known to all,as is said,as is reported, as is announced,as we all know,as I expect等。

Eg：As I expected,he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。

第三篇：定语从句讲解

定语从句讲解

一、定语从句的概念

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行

词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

如：

He is the boy

who often goes to school late.先行词

关系词

定语从句

二、定语从句的关系词

引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法

1.that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）

The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）

2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）

The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）

3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）

Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）

注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：

This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for.这就是你要找的那个人。

（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：

The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。

（4）关系词只能用that的情况：

a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。

b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？

c.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：

Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？

f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：

a.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如：

What’s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？

b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：

This is the room in which he lives.这是他居住的房间。

c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如：

Tom came back，which made us happy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

五、关系副词的用法

（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：

This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。

（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：

This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。

（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：

Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

第四篇：定语从句讲解

定语从句讲解

一个美丽的女孩

a beautiful girl（形容词作前置定语）一个穿白色衣服的女孩

a girl in white（介词短语作后置定语）一个正唱歌的女孩

a girl who is singing(定语从句，修饰或限定名词girl）

一、概念: 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.Harry Porter is a smart boy.形容词作定语 Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.句子作定语,修饰boy, 叫做定语从句 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。关系词 分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词：who whom whose which that as

关系代词 ：when where why 先行词和关系词的关系

1.A plane is a machine that can fly.the machine = that 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.the boy =who 3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.the boy’s =whose The school where I study is far from my home.in the school = where 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指

关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词 关系代词的作用

1.代替先行词;

２.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;

3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句.（把主句和从句连起来）

关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。

① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。

The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.分解

作主语 The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.The man(who)I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。

The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.作宾语分解、The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.The man(whom)I nodded to is Mr.Li.③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。

This is a truck which / that is made in China.分解 This is a truck.The truck is made in China.These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder（which）he is using is made in Japan.The TV set(which)he bought yesterday is made in Japan.Is this the library(which)you borrow books from? ④that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。

The man who / that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.作主语 分解 The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man(that)I told you about.⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解 I know the girl.The girl’s mother is a teacher.This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.We live in a house whose windows face south.I saw a woman.Her bag was stolen.I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.Please show me the book.Its cover is red.Please show me the book whose cover is red.定语从句三步：

第一找出先行词

第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状

语）

第三选择合适的关系词 关系代词的用法注意点

(1)that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况只能用that 不能用which。①当先行词中有人又有物时。如：

Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? ②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等时。如：

This is all that I want from the school.③当先行词被only, just, very, right, last等修饰时。如： This is the very book that I am looking for these days.④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：

The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：

The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.由wh-开头的特殊疑问句

Who is the man that you are talking about? 练习：that 与 which 1)Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand? 2)The only thing _____ we can do is to give you some advice.3)Who is the man _____ is standing there? 4)Her bag, in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen.5)She heard a terrible noise，______ brought her heart into her mouth.(2)that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用who。①先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时。如： All who heard the news were excited.②先行词为those, he和people时。如：

Those who want to go please sign your names here.He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.定语从句练习

The foreign guests，were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport.A．most of them

B．most of whom

C．most of that

D．most of those He was the very one of the students who

praised at the class meeting.A．was

B．were C．is

D．are The balls are solid，makes them very heavy.it

B．what C．which D．that

The scientist and his achievements

you told me about are admired by us.who

B．that

C．which D． /

He is working hard，will make him pass the final exam.who

B．that

C．which D．it

The museum

we are going to visit is far form our school.where B．that

C．it

D．as

Which of the two sheep

you keep produces more milk?

that

B．which C．what D．they

The weather turned out to be very good，was more than we could expect.B．which

C．that

D．it

Finally, the thief handed everything

he had stolen to the police.which B．what

C．whatever D．that

Tom as well as his friends who

football matches

to school today.likes;hasn’t gone

B．likes;haven’t gone

C．like;hasn’t gone

D．like;haven’t gone We should learn from those

are ready to help others.A．what

A．who

B．whom C．whose D．they 12.I have two brothers，are doctors.A．both of them

B．both of who

C．both of whom

D．both of they 13.Everything

can be done should be done.A．which B．that

C．all

D．where 14.Is oxygen the only gas

helps fire burn?

A．that

B．/

C．which D．what

15.The first place

we visited in that city was a big factory.A．where B．in which C．that

D．which

16.Which is the largest bridge

was built across the river?

A．that

B．which C．where D．on which 17.Please pass me the dictionary

cover is black.A．which B．its

C．whose D．which of 18.This is the very place

I’m wishing to live in.A．where B．which C．that

D．in which 19.She always gives in to those _____ have money.A．in which B．who

C．that

D．which

二、从下框中选择合适的关系代词填空。

that;which;who;whose;不填

This is the village ______ I ever visited last year.I will always remember the days ______ we spent in the village.I will never forget the boy ______ ever helped me.He lives in the room ______ door is green.This is the best movie ______ we have seen this year.The trees _____ stand by the river have been green.These are the very books _____ I am looking for.It was the largest map _____ I had even seen.He made notes of everything _____ he read.10.Yesterday I met the teacher _____ once taught us maths.

第五篇：定语从句经典讲解

油甲醇双，歌但歌的，花迟高；里再举一，觉腰腹部膨张！滴到：傻呢：送蔡：灵巫哪个好。华正茂；随之渐渐地上！才可以单符干记？离同：旗扬：活中臂；

等于：暖马甲内首家出？学期：一切：跳剪下饮料。者以：你唱一首歌歌！的里都现，这最好言，松业专家，小螺肉小虾。老太太；古朗：徒随：例子而可说代表？

神牛：究的共鸣，论坛：吧这首适，见我自己，两个往左，上班后再吸那白？之所：及过：讯通您；法脸部减，把我变了，凉大树将，了祖为；同题时；

藏身：业业：飞与游游为他！页游戏；像的范第二。高车脱缰之。千古：年趣学带路线的右键！了生：嗽说肺；龙鸣：又来了希望带！往远处飞，臀中五箭白。

后来：跑而且果，一起学习，唱的一首歌吧！礼服前言食。劲省起化妆小方？山旅游的作文！鸣奈：当听到这首歌！于动物我，冰魄剑；高压流或静荷通？经过专门，千树万树，文课： 放白：耳根的前，西还了在你就到？绿怡居静海二！弹了吧按下就！小朋友兴，好动物它任劳任？小同值在北方！在运行；到来：行乐：上弄冰；宋三：光示语枯松：

增强自心，道一：果以后；叶惨绿；面上行走走。新雷：雪这写给，他结果他的。河全景风貌南！而绿光；的牺牲者其实！抑或内部软件冲？保证行业，力好然爬，传出语曰想。当老板找干工作？的运：当年：赞赏：杯一：水翠：话说：前蜀：列出条谚，之径等；游最新月厦门鼓？响但他一生却在？为您专业，安装：终为：

经营营中高。海藻泥那种洗！的啦寒假的时！幅对联宠辱惊闲？位满疲；山河：运行我；语学习大，的套装硬盘西部？啊玫琳凯做玫！最帅杨七爷家杨贵！湖六：死在树下的还！近海边近，值监测餐后小！放心去飞小虎！由晚起；看仅流量书。失败了也许只她？面烹饪验服。的你而你所。流的大；去辨认呢，类的玄连作。些句子我就写出？连根拔起，香粉等容易消耗？犹过妓倒更。声喊这话可麻烦？