大学英语六级改错解题步骤及其口诀

第一篇：大学英语六级改错解题步骤及其口诀

免费？宅在家学英语？怎么报名？

最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：（报名网址）

改错是近几年英语六级一种较为固定的考查形式，也是一些考生得分较低、区分度较高的一种题型。对于英语基础知识扎实、成绩优秀的考生来讲，解答此题型可能比较得心应手，而对于英语成绩一般的考生，此题型又可能会使他们望而生畏。在今天很多大学生都希望拿到六级证书以便在今后找工作中更有利，因此考生对此题型也比较重视。下面对短文改错的一些命题特点进行简要分析：

一、短文改错文章选题特点

改错题题型反映了综合型考试由客观题型主导向主观题型主导的必然转换。众所周知，选择题的运气成分约为25%，判断题的运气成分约占50%，而主观题是没有多少运气成分的，除非考生考前正好复习了这个题或准备了这个作文。这种情况的概率不会超过考生人数的5%。改错题是语言运用能力的集中表现，往往不会被押题人命中。该题型既考查词汇、语法、语义，也考查学生的逻辑判断能力。

通过观察近几年短文改错的选材特点看，材料内容贴近考生的实际生活，谈论的都是跟学生的学习和生活有关的话题，多以书信和日记的形式出现，文字浅显易懂，材料中没有生僻、超纲的词汇，句子结构简单，基本上是简单句和并不复杂的复合句。

二、命题特点

为了提高考生的判别效率，该题明示了每个错误出现的地方(某一句话)，这样在十多个单词中考生比较容易找出错误。近几年的大学英语六级考试的改错范围包括:换一个正确或适当词，增加一个适当词，删去一个多余词。换词时先划掉句中的错误词，再把正确词填在句子后的留空处。加词时考生在应添加处用∧符号表明，并将应添加的词列于句子后的留空处。该句子如有多余词要把它删去，答题方式是先在原句中划掉多余词，再把删字符(/)写在句子后的留空处。

考查的重点主要集中在以下几个方面：1.名词的使用错误； 2.冠词的使用错误；3.时态的误用；4.形容词、副词及其比较级、最高级的误用；5.介词的误用；6.代词的误用；7.词语搭配错误；8.词性使用错误。

三、解题步骤

1、浏览全文，掌握大意

要求考生把握全篇主旨，弄清上下文的逻辑关系。有时孤立地分析某个句子，其结构正确、语意通顺，但如联系上下文，便会发现该句中有不合逻辑的地方。阅读时，如有较明显的错误，可随手改正。

2、分句阅读，逐行找错

在读懂文章之后，要逐句分开。分析在词法、句法、行文逻辑等方面是否有错。要做到逐行分析，不可遗漏，句与句之间要注意连词的使用。短文改错口诀：

短文改错要做好，常见类型应记牢。

名词爱考“数”与“格”，冠词在前“错”、“多”、“少”。

动词时态和语态，非谓搭配莫错了。

免费？宅在家学英语？怎么报名？

连、代、形、副错一样，多是故意来混淆。

介词多半考搭配，多、漏、误用想周到。

句法涉及到“一致”，从句多考关系词。

词法句法均未错，逻辑推理去寻找。

3、由易到难，各个击破

纠错要从最简单、最熟悉的项目入手, 先从语法的角度入手, 再从逻辑方面考虑, 最后推敲难题。

4、检查核对，注意方法

再浏览改后的全文，看全篇是否语意通顺，注意无错行一般是一行。要按照绝对规范的要求去答题。

四、短文改错应注意的几个方面

1、注意整篇文章的语态与时态前后是否一致。

2、名词的数与格，名词前该不该用冠词，用什么冠词。

3、习语结构搭配是否完整，有无缺少或多了介词、副词的现象。

4、非谓语动词（不定式、分词、动名词）的运用是否正确。

5、连词与关系代（副）词的用法是否贴切。名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句等的结构与用法。

6、代词的用法与结构是否正确。人称代词、物主代词以及it作形式主语或形式宾语等的用法。

7、形容词、副词的比较级、最高级是否混用

“成千上万人疯狂下载。。。

更多价值连城的绝密英语学习资料，洛基内部秘密英语，技巧，策略

请在 网上 申请报名”

第二篇：改错口诀

为了提高做短文改错题的能力，除了要加强基础知识的积累、提高语篇的整体理解能力之外，还应该对其错项设置的基本情况有所了解，以便做到目标明确，有的放矢，从而提高解题的正确率。本文拟从语法和逻辑的角度，用口诀的形式，向同学们介绍高考英语短文改错中最常见的几类错误。

短文改错口诀：

动词形，名词数；

注意形和副；

非谓动词细辨别；

习惯用法要记住；

句子成分多分析；

逻辑错误须关注。

一、动词形

主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如：

My favourite sport is football.I was member of our school football team.（is）

Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library.（are）

上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。

二、名词数

指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如：

„so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.（subjects）

三、区分形和副

及区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如：

I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.（wonderful）

Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.（Unfortunately）

需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time，第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。

四、非谓动词细辨别

这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误，也包括不定式类错误。例如：

„in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football.（interested）

Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also „（playing）

My parents love me„ and will do all they can ∧ make sure„（to）

上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的，现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的含义。

五、习惯用法要记住

主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。例如：

It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and„（of）

We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves.（of）

六、句子成分多分析

不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句

子结构和句子成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。例如：

They ∧eager to know everything about China and„（were）

I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.（which）

第一例漏掉了谓语动词were，这是受寒于习惯的影响而导致的错误；第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副词，不能作主语。

七、逻辑错误须关注

与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。例如：

The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.（their）

First, let me tell you something more about myself.（去掉more）

„ no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead.（everyone）

上述第一例中的主语是Smiths（史密斯夫妇俩），因此后面的his不合逻辑。第二例中的more在这儿表“再”的意思，才开始告诉别人，怎么能说“再告诉你一些事”？第三例讲的是为了解决看电视时的争端，“我们”把电视机卖了；晚上没电视看了，所以与从前一样，大家又都读书了，所以该用 everyone。

除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：连词but, and, or和so的用法错误（可以归类为逻辑错误），以及冠词的用法错误等。例如：

She was smiling but nodding at me.（and）

It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.（or）

We may be one family and live under a same roof.（the）

下面是2002年全国高考试题中的短文改错题。这道题较全面地反映了本文的口诀。现在请你试着做一做，然后参阅题后的答案与简析。

Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei

Mountain in Sichuan.As everyone knows，it’s famous 76._____

Mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.The weather 77._____

Was fine.It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 78._____

the mountain，the three of them were very excited.As we 79._____

climbed the mountain，we ed monkeys，visiting temples 80._____

and told stories.On the way up I was busy taking picture 81._____

since the scenery was so beautiful.The time passes quickly.82._____

Evening came down.We spent the night in a hotel at the top 83._____

of the mountain.The food was expensive and the service was 84._____

good.I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my 85._____

head touched the pillow.答案与简析：

76.famous前加上a.（名词数）

77.正确

78.we前面加when，引导一个时间状语从句。（句子成分多分析）

79.them→us（逻辑错误须关注）

80.visiting→visited（非谓动词细辨别）

81.picture→pictures（名词数）

82.passes→passed（动词形）

83.去掉down（习惯用法要记住）

84.and→but（but，and，or和so）

85.去掉at（句子成分多分析 /习惯用法要记住）

改错要想拿高分

语法口诀要记牢

（一）见到谓语找主语，主谓一致找状语

见到名词想多数，可不可数要记牢

见到平行看结构，形式功能要对称

见到代词找指代，指代通常不合理

带宾语必带to，不带宾语不带 to

小小of常抓的点，of前名词adj最高级

比较级不修饰比较级,最高级不修饰最高级

（二）谓与非谓经常混

谓语句中就一个

其余动词非谓语

常见形式有三种

v-ing ,v-ed和to do

主谓通常v-ing

动宾通常v-ed

现在分词表主动

过去分词表被动

目的要用不定式

by前有过去分词相拥

by后有动名词后抱

介词后跟动名词

时态基点要搞清

现在还是过去时

第三篇：大学英语六级短文改错解题技巧解读

大学英语六级短文改错解题技巧

新六级考试“改错的目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力”。改错中的很多错误其实就是很多学生在平时写作时经常犯的错误。短文改错对考生的要求较高，是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查。改错形式：

1、错词（words mistaken）。在标有题号的一行中有一词在词法、搭配或词义等方面有错误，要求考生找出错误并换上正确的词（change a

word），这类错误在所有错误中占绝大多数。

2、缺词（words missing）。在标有题号的一行的任何位置缺了一词，要求考生按语法、搭配或上下文语义的需要找出缺词的位置并补上所缺的词（insert a word）。

3、多词（words redundant）。在标有题号的一行中有一词按语法、搭配或上下文语义要求纯属多余，要求考生认定该多余的词并划去（cross out a word）。做题步骤：

一、先通读全文

认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意。根据短文大意和上下文逻辑关系，对文章进行逐字逐句的分析，检查句子的结构是否完整，语气是否连贯，启承转合是否符合文意等。

二、综合运用所学语言知识

根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题(即改词、加词或减词)。

三、验证答案

改完后，要回过头来重读一遍全文，查看改过后是否能使语气通顺，时态一致，合乎逻辑。再次通读可以在初改时感觉不顺的地方集中精力，仔细推敲，使答案更加准确。因为有时就一个句子来看可能在两个地方修改都说地过去，但在上下文中却只能在一处修改。应试技巧： 1.做改错题时应先用快读的方法通读全文，对文章有个大致的了解。细读出现 10 个错误的所在行，看有没有出现语法错误和词汇错误。如果通过细读确认没有语法错误和词汇错误，那就把细读扩大到该行上下各二、三行，有时甚至要联系该行所在的自然段，这时的重点必须转移到对文章的理解上来，从上下文的关系找出连接关系和逻辑关系的前后矛盾的错误。4.一般来说，一份标准的改错题，从改错的三种方式来说应该是以改换原词为主，约占 60% ～ 70%，以去掉原文的词和加词为辅，约占 30% ～ 40%;从三种错误所占比例来看，语法和词汇为 7 ～ 8 个，而上下文逻辑错误为 2 ～ 3 个。错误类型：

1、名词错误

最近比较经常考查名词的错误的是关于名词的单复数问题和可数与不可数名词的混用。如样题中63题将percents改为percent, 68题中将woman改为women。

2、冠词错误

对于冠词的考查，主要是单数名词前面一定要有一个冠词来修饰。定冠词the的多余 或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the，或是same等常和the一起使用的词却漏税掉了the, a, an的混用。

注意，判断一个词的前面加a还是an不是看其首字母是不是元音字母，而是看首字母的发音是不是元音，如an hour, an honest boy ,其首字母不是元音字母，但其发音却是以元音素开始，故用an，而a useful book, a university, a European, a one-hour trip，虽然以元音字母开始，但却读作辅音音素的音，故用a。

3、数词错误

主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用，如分数的分子大于一时分母没有用复数等，基数基数词的复数形式如几百hundreds of，几千thousands of漏掉了s,或是当其前有具体数字或several时加了复数，如seven hundred,写作seven hundreds.4、指代错误

主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词，单数用了复数代词或相反；应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格，主格或相反，关系代词的错用。如只能用that引导的用了其它,或在不能用that的地方却用了that，或是在“介词+关系代词”结构中漏掉了介词等。

在文章当中如果说出现了代词，那么代词所指代的对象在前文中一定是出现过的，否则就会出现指代不清，所以出现代词时候，我们要注意它所指代的对象的单复数是否与代词一致。如样题中62题将it改成they，因为它指代的是前面的复数名词papers。

5、介词错误

这是改错中最常见的一种错误，主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用。当然这也包括一些用法搭配上的错误，这种错误在历年的考试当中出现的频率非常高。

如样题中69题将from改成in,因为result from意思是“发生”，前果后因，而result in是“导致”的意思，前因后果。做对这类题目最重要的是平常的积累，尤其是一些动词词组的搭配，虽然在词汇部分出现的已经很少了，但有可能在改错题中出现，当然这占的比重并不是很大，所以大家平常在英语学习当中适当注意即可。

6、动词错误

时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时中间杂有另一时态的现象；或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语；接从句需要用虚拟语气的没有用，需要接ing形式的接了to, 或相反等。如00年6月真题的76题考查的就是时态，综观短文，全部用过去时态，因而前后应该一致。

7、主谓不一致

产生这种错误的主要原因是没有找对句子的主语，英语追求形式上的完美，所以有时候句子的结构非常复杂，这也是为什么我们一直强调难句分析在英语复习中的重要性。句子的结构一般是“主谓宾”或“主系表”，正确地找出各个句子成分对于阅读也

是非常有帮助的。如第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数；再就是就近原则对主语的影响。

8、非谓语动词错误

非谓语动词分为三类：不定式、动名词和分词。其中分词又分为现在分词和过去分词，其特点是：不定式、动名词和分词可以做很多句子成分，但就是不能单独做谓语，这也是它们被称为“非谓语动词”的原因。这也是在四六级考试改错中常见的错误。

9、形容词与副词错误

这类错误一般是形容词与副词的误用，形容词一般用来修饰名词，而副词可以修饰动词和形容词，往往出题者就会把该用副词的地方误用为形容词。

10、连接词误用

连接词的错误虽然是属于传统的语法题范畴，但其用法主要根据上下文语义上的逻辑关系，也就是上下文的理解。连接词有很多种，有并列连词，如and, but, or等，主从连词，如because, if, after等，以及其他连接介词和副词，如however, despite等。如需转折连词(如but)的时候用了承接连词(so)，或相反。曾经考查过的题目有00年6月的73题，将as改为than，这

考查的是比较连词的搭配，根据上一行中之more即可确定改as为than。

11、关系词的误用

这一类错误主要是针对定语从句的，读者可以找一本语法书对定语从句做个回顾复习。这几年考题中出现的错误有00年1月六级真题的79题中在定语从句中多了一个they，应该划去。

12、反义词误用

这是短文改错中出现频率较高也是比较有特色的一种错误类型，这类错误必须在透彻理解上下文语义的基础上才能发现并改正。比较常见的错误有：

a、派生反义词

如00年1月六级真题的72题将directly改为indirectly。这类错误通常是否定前缀的应用。希望大家能对否定前缀重视起来。

b、其他反义词

如样题中65题将subjective(主观的)改成objective(客观的)，70题将majority(大多数)改成minority(少数)，这种反义词的误用比派生反义词更要难些，一般需要透彻理解上下文才能完成。

13、并列结构

像有or或and连接的一般是并列结构，前后的形式一般来说应该是一样的，如样题中64题将maintain改成maintaining, 与and前的hiring相并列。

14、固定用法的错误

样题中71题将with改成as, as a result是一个固定搭配。改错的7大核心考点： 1.并列结构

这主要是指由and或or连接的几个并列成分在形式上必须保持一致.这一考点在历年六级改错中出现频率相当高,同学们要给予相当的重视.(1)At the heart of the NEA survey is the belief in(改成that,同位语从句)our democratic system depends on leaders who can think critically, analyze texts and writing clearly.(07年1月新六级改错

第6题)这里的writing显然与think和analyze并列,因此应该用同样的形式,所以应该改成write.(2)Their experiments have shown that reading disorders are most likely the result of what is, in an effect(去掉an,固定介词搭配)，faulty wiring in the brain-----not lazy, stupidity or a poor home environment.(06年6月六级改错第4题)这里的lazy应该与stupidity和a poor home environment并列,因此该用名词形式laziness.(3)Restrict yourself to one or two pages, and listing any publications or referees on a separate sheet.(06年1月六级改错第7题)通过and将restrict和listing联系起来表示并列关系,所以listing应该用原形list.(4)How do you know how to act in a classroom, or a department store, or toward a person who smiles or laugh at you?(04年6月六级改错第9题)这里的smiles和laugh肯定应该用同样的形式,而前面的a person又提示我们该使用第三人称单数,所以将laugh改成laughs.(5)Most experts believe this can continue even as if(去掉as,这里的even if表示即使)the population doubles by the mid-21st century, although feeding 10 billion people will not be easy for politics, economic and environmental reasons.(04年1月六级改错第6题)同样,这里的politics应该改成political和economic, environmental并列。(6)Elsewhere, rice experts in the Philippines are producing a plant with few stems and more seeds.(04年1月六级改错第9题)few应该与more形成对应,所以应改成比较级形式fewer.2.A--A型错误

所谓A--A型错误,就是指六级改错命题经常将形容词(adjective)与副词

(adverb)混淆.这时我们的任务就是将文中的形容词换成它的副词形式,或将副词换成形容词：(1)Science should not only be “fun” in the same way as playing a video game, but “hard fun”----a deep feeling of connection made possibly only by imaginative engagement.(07年1月老六级改错第10题)我们都知道make sth.possible, possible做为宾语补足语，那用被动语态就是sth be made possible,所以这里的possibly应该改成possible.(2)Mass literacy is a relative new social goal.(06年6月六级改错第九题)显然这里表示“相对地”意思,因此要将relative改成它的副词形式relatively.注意:relative改成relatively不是第一次出现了，在04年1月的改错题中也出现过。(3)A good CV is your passport to an interview and, ultimate, to the job you want.(06年1月六级改错第二题)ultimate在两个逗号之间，肯定得用副词形式ultimately.(4)She says efforts are continuing to complete end the disease.(05年1月六级改错第三题)complete要改成副词形式completely修饰动词end。(5)The WHO has given multi-drug therapy to patients freely for the last five years.(05年1月六级改错第九题)可以看出这里freely想表示“免费的”意思,所以应该改成形容词形式free.(5)Culture is essentially to our humanness.(0 4年6月六级改错第8题)be essential to是一个固定搭配,表示“对...很重要”,所以essentially应该换成形容词essential.(6)Except for relative-isolated trouble spots like pres-ent-day Somalia…(04年1月第三题)显然应该用副词relatively来修饰动词过去分词isolated,表示“相对隔绝的”。注意:A--A题错误有一种变体题型A—N.所谓A—N题型, 就是指A(adjective)与N(noun)之间的混淆,举例如下：(1)Now what started in schools across the country is playing itself out on a nation stage and is possibly having an impact on the reading habits of the Ameri-can public.(07年1月新六级第十题)“在国内舞台”应该是on a national stage,在这里名词nation要改成它的形容词形式national。(2)Understanding the original of the negative attit-udes towards science may help us to modify them.(07年1月老六级第四题)表示“起源”显然要用名词形式origin,这里用形容词original是错误的。3.逻辑错误 这种错误一般得根据上下文判断得出,分析这么多年六级改错的逻辑错误,答案无一例外都是将文中某个用错的词(很多情况下是一个形容词)改成它的反义词或添上一个否定词,这里要求同学们掌握一些常用的否定词缀,如in-,un-等等,因为有的形容词加上否定词缀就变成了它的反义词,举例如下:(1)the leaders of our country are unconsciously sending the message that reading may be connected to desirable activities that…(07年1月新六级改错第七题)desirable>undesirable(2)The task of learning facts and concepts, one at a time, makes learning laborious, boring and efficient.(07年1月老六级改错第八题)efficient> inefficient.本题中efficient和laborious与boring并列,根据并列成分意思一致原则,也可以推断出这里的efficient应该换成它的反义词.(3)But in the Information Age, no one can get by with knowing

how to read well and understand increasingly complex material.(06年6月六级改错第十题)with>without.这里句子主语用了no one表示否定,而整个句子表示肯定的意思,所以后面必然要用一个否定词without与no one构成双重否定表示肯定。(4)Initial impressions are vital, and a badly presented CV could mean acceptance, regardless of what’s in it.(06年1月六级改错第三题)acceptance>rejection(5)the person who is unfamiliar with the arts, music, literature, philosophy, or history.(04年6月六级改错第六题)unfamiliar>familiar(6)Except for relatively-isolated trouble spots like present-day Somalia, and occasional years of good harvests, the world’s food crisis has remained just around the corner.(04年1月六级改错第四题)good>poor/bad(7)Get someone to check for spelling and grammatical errors, because a spell-checker will pick up every mistake.(06年1月六级改错第6题)根据上下文,这里应该表示“不能挑出每个错误”，所以在pick up之前要加上否定词not.4.-ing型与-ed型改错题

此类题一般是动词后面少了ing或ed,这种题经常出现,值得注意。-ing型改错题分两种情况:(1)介词后面或某些动词后面跟着的动词需要使用该动词的-ing形式(2)用一个逗号将一个动词与其逻辑主语分开,该动词需要用-ing分词形式,举例如下：(1)The House proposal would have barred the federal government from demand library records….(07年1月新六级改错第三题)这里的demand应该改成demanding,bar/stop/prevent sth from doing为固定搭配,介词from后面的动词必须使用其-ing形式。(2)As a result, too many kids passed through school without master the printed page.(06年6月六级改错第1题)介词后面跟的动词通常都要加-ing形式,所以这里的master应该改成mastering.(3)Here are a few ways to avoid end up on the reject pile.(06年1月六级改错第4题)avoid后面跟动词要加-ing,所以end改成ending.(4)This modern treatment will cure leprosy in 6 to 12 months, depend on the form of the disease.(05年1月 六级改错第8题)一个逗号将depend on和其逻辑主语this modern treatment分开,因此depend要用其现在分词形式depending.(5)Culture refers to the social heritage of a people----the learned patterns for thinking, feeling and acting that characterize a population or society, include the expression of these patterns in material things.(04年6月六级改错第一题)和上一题一样,这里的include同样得用分词形式including.-ed型改错:(1)If you have to send one, make sure it is one taking in a professional setting…(06年1月六级改错第九题)这里的one指代前文的photo,我们都知道照相用take a photo,所以这里的one和take应该表示被动关系,所以应该用take的过去分词taken做后置定语。(2)The rule here is to keep it factual and truthful-----exaggerations usually get find out.(06年1月六级改错第10题)表示“被发现”显然要用过去分词found out.注意:-ed型改错从本质上说就是要能发现动词与其逻辑主语的关系,动词是施动者,而其逻辑主语接收动词发出的动作.这和被动语态实际上是

一个道理,下面举几个被动语态的题:(1)The day the NEA report released….(07年1月新六级改错第2题)这个报告被发表,所以在report和released之间要加上was.(2)Studies indicate that many girls are affecting as well-----and not getting help.(06年6月六级改错第6题)受到影响显然要用被动语态,所以affecting要改成过去式affected.值得注意的是,affect是改错命题专家比较偏爱的一个词,在05年1月的改错中考查了effect与affect的区别,大家对这个词要好好掌握。(3)The members of the alliance against leprosy plan to target the countries which still threatened by leprosy.(05年1月六级第10题)这里的the countries作为逻辑主语,与后面的动词threaten成被动关

系,而且后面句子的形式threatened by leprosy也提示我们这里应该在threate-ned的前面加上系动词are.5.单复数错误与主谓不一致错误 这个考点在六级改错中出现的也很频繁,同学们对这种错误也比较熟悉,做题时一定得仔细观察句子的主语：(1)Most education system neglect exploration, under-standing and reflection.(07年1月老六级第五题)句子的主语是education system，而前面的most和后面的neglect都提示我们这里主语应该是个复数,所以将system改成systems.(2)There is therefore a need for resources and methods of teaching that facilitates a deep under-standing of science in an enjoyable way.(07年1月老六级第九题)这里facilitates前面跟的主语是resources and methods of teaching,主语是复数,所以根据主谓一致原则,要把facilitates改成facilitate。(3)New screening tests are identifying children at risk before they get discouraged by year of frustration and failure.(06年6月六级改错第8题)表示“多年的沮丧与失败”是一个复数的概念,因此要把year改成years.(4)physical object like cooking pots, computers and bathtubs.(04年6月六级改错第三题)这里的主语是physical object，也就是后面的那么些东西,因为不止一样东西,所以object得用复数形式objects.(5)There is no guarantee that plant breeders can cont-inue to develop new, higher-yielding crop…(04年1月六级改错第10题)在形容词前没有不定冠词,所以可以认为这里的crop表示一个复数概念,因此用crops.6.指代错误与冠词错误 同单复数一样,解指代错误题也要关注指代的对象到底是单数还是复数:(1)During the 1980s’ culture wars, school systems across the country pulled some books from library shelves because its content was deemed by parents and teachers to be inappropriate.(07年1月新六级改错第9题)这里its指代前面的some books，所以物主代词应该是their而不是its.(2)As a result, children memorize processes such asmathematical formulas or the periodic table, only to forget it shortly afterwards.(07年1月六级改错第7题)，容易发现it指代前面的processes，因为是复数,所以该用复数的宾格them.(3)At same time(06年6月六级改错第七题)地球人都知道的at the same time是固定短语。(4)in first paragraph(06年1月六级改错第一题)序数词前面要加the，这是初中的知识。(5)a number of leprosy cases around the world has

been cut by ninety percent during the past ten years.(05年1月六级改错第一题)表示数量多少应该用the number of(6)The fast-growing population’s demand for food,they warned, would soon exceed their supply…(04年1月六级改错第二题)这里的their指代population，而人口是一个单数的概念,所以物主代词要用its.7.介词短语的考查 分析这几年的改错,这一考点几乎成了每次考试必考的

知识点,但这个得靠各位的基本功了,因为事先无法知道要考查哪个介词短语.不过看看这几年考过的介词短语搭配,我们可以发现其实都是一些最基本的,不会出现生僻的:in every region, owe…to, in detail, in effect, for the reason, cause damage to, deal with, for instance.除此之外,强调句，同位语从句，定语从句，名词性从句以及时态和一些连词也常出现在六级的改错中。(2)Their experiments have shown that reading disorders are most likely the result of what is, in an effect，faulty wiring in the brain-----not lazy, stupidity or a poor home environment.(06年6月六级改错第4题)Most experts believe this can continue even as if(去掉as,这里的even if表示即使)the population doubles by the mid-21st century, although feeding 10 billion people will not be easy for politics, economic and environmental reasons.(04年1月六级改错第6题)1

第四篇：短文改错口诀（推荐）

短文改错口诀

动词形，名词数； 还要注意形和副； 非谓动词细辨别；习惯用法要记住； 句子成分多分析； 逻辑错误须关注。

一、动词形

主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如： My favourite sport is football.I was member of our school football team.（is）

Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library.（are）上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。

二、名词数

指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如： …so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.（subjects）

三、区分形和副

及区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如：

I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.（wonderful）

Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.（Unfortunately）需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time，第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。

四、非谓动词细辨别

这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误，也包括不定式类错误。例如：

…in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football.（interested）Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also …（playing）

My parents love me… and will do all they can ∧ make sure…（to）上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的，现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的含义。

（1）A rising tide lifts all boats.水涨众船高。（2）Time lost cannot be recalled.光阴一去不复返。（recall vt.召回恢复）（3）To stand still is to move back……

逆水行舟，不进则退。（4）Saving is getting.节约而后有（节约就是获得。）

（5）It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收（打翻牛奶，哭也没用）（注：以上五句运用了非谓语动词。）

主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。例如：

It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and…（of）We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves.（of）

六、句子成分多分析

不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。例如： They ∧eager to know everything about China and…（were）I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.（which）

第一例漏掉了谓语动词were，这是受汉语习惯的影响而导致的错误；第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副词，不能作定语从句的主语。

第五篇：大学英语六级阅读理解题冲刺辅导(十二)

在线学英语 体验请申请：

洛基英语，中

国

在线

英

语

教

育

领

导

品

牌

1.It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably ______________.A)stand still B)jump aside C)step forward D)draw back 注：对应文章第二段

22.The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their ___________.A)cultural self-centeredness B)casual manners C)indifference toward foreign visitors D)arrogance towards other cultures 注：对应文章第四段首句

23.In countries other than their own most Americans _______________.A)are isolated by the local people B)are not well informed due to the language barrier C)tend to get along well with the natives D)need interpreters in hotels and restaurants 注：对应文章第五段，inform对应information

24.According to the author, Americans' cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will ____________.A)affect their image in the new era B)cut themselves off from the outside world C)limit their role in world affairs D)weaken the position of the US dollar 注：对应倒数第二段

25.The author's intention in writing this article is to make Americans realize that ________.A)it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friends B)it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairs C)it is necessary to use several languages in public places D)it is time to get acquainted with other cultures 注：B反了

Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone.We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one's 在线学英语 体验请申请：

side, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that “Gift” means poison in German.Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm's length away form others.Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.Our linguistic（语言上的）and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors.There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments;we do not have multilingual（多语的）guided tours.Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare.Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken.The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives-usually the richer-who speak English.Our business dealings, as well as the nation's diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance.After all, America was the most powerful country of the free world, the distributor of needed funds and goods.But all that is past.American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing.A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs;we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.26.What makes women blind to the deceptive nature of high heels? A)The multi-functional use of high heels.B)Their attempt to show off their status.C)The rich variety of high heel styles.D)Their wish to improve their appearance.注：B选项show off炫耀，C是迷惑选项。

27.The author's presentation of the positive side of high heels is meant ______________.A)to be ironic B)to poke fun at women C)to be fair to the fashion industry D)to make his point convincing 注：讽刺意味的

在线学英语 体验请申请：

28.The author uses the expression “those babies”(Line 3, Para.2)to refer to high heels __________.A)to show their fragile characteristics B)to indicate their feminine features C)to show women's affection for them D)to emphasize their small size

29.The author's chief argument against high heels is that ____________.A)they pose a threat to lawns B)they are injurious to women's health C)they don't necessarily make women beautiful D)they are ineffective as a weapon of defense

30.It can be inferred from the passage that women should _______________.A)see through the very nature of fashion myths B)boycott the products of the fashion industry C)go to a podiatrist regularly for advice D)avoid following fashion too closely

In department stores and closets all over the world, they are waiting.Their outward appearance seems rather appealing because they come in a variety of styles, textures, and colors.But they are ultimately the biggest deception that exists in the fashion industry today.What are they? They are high heels-a woman's worst enemy(whether she knows it or not).High heel shoes are the downfall of modern society.Fashion myths have led women to believe that they are more beautiful or sophisticated for wearing heels, but in reality, heels succeed in posing short as well as long term hardships.Women should fight the high heel industry by refusing to use or purchase them in order to save the world from unnecessary physical and psychological suffering.For the sake of fairness, it must be noted that there is a positive side to high heels.First, heels are excellent for aerating（使通气）lawns.Anyone who has ever worn heels on grass knows what I am talking about.A simple trip around the yard in a pair of those babies eliminates all need to call for a lawn care specialist, and provides the perfect-sized holes to give any lawn oxygen without all those messy chunks of dirt lying around.Second, heels are quite functional for defense against oncoming enemies, who can easily be scared away by threatening them with a pair of these sharp, deadly fashion accessories.Regardless of such practical uses for heels, the fact remains that wearing high heels is harmful to one's physical health.Talk to any podiatrist（足病医生）, and you will hear that the majority of their business comes from high-heel-wearing women.High heels are known to cause problems such as deformed feet and torn toenails.The risk of severe back problems and twisted or broken ankles is three times higher for a high heel wearer than for a flat shoe wearer.Wearing heels also creates the threat of getting 在线学英语 体验请申请：

a heel caught in a sidewalk crack or a sewer-grate（阴沟栅）and being thrown to the ground-possibly breaking a nose, back, or neck.And of course, after wearing heels for a day, any woman knows she can look forward to a night of pain as she tries to comfort her swollen, aching feet.31.The picture of the reading ability of the American people, drawn by the author, is _____.A)rather bleak B)fairly bright C)very impressive D)quite encouraging 注：选一个烂的，bleak黯淡无光

32.The author's biggest concern is ____________.A)elementary school children's disinterest in reading classics B)the surprisingly low rate of literacy in the U.S.C)the musical setting American readers require for reading D)the reading ability and reading behavior of the middle class

33.A major problem with most adolescents who can read is ___________.A)their fondness of music and TV programs B)their ignorance of various forms of art and literature C)their lack of attentiveness and basic understanding D)their inability to focus on conflicting input

34.The author claims that the best way a reader can show admiration for a piece of poetry or prose is ____________.A)to be able to appreciate it and memorize it B)to analyze its essential features C)to think it over conscientiously D)to make a fair appraisal of its artistic value

35.About the future of the arts of reading the author feels ____________.A)upset B)uncertain C)alarmed D)pessimistic 注：对应最后一段

It is hardly necessary for me to cite all the evidence of the depressing state of literacy.These figures from the Department of Education are sufficient: 27 million Americans cannot read at all, and a further 35 million read at a level that is less than sufficient to survive in our society.But my own worry today is less that of the overwhelming problem of elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill 在线学英语 体验请申请：

even of he middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the image of the classic act of reading.it has been suggested that almost 80 percent of America's literate, educated teenagers can no longer read without an accompanying noise(music)in the background or a television screen flickering（闪烁）at the corner of their field of perception.We know very little about the brain and how it deals with simultaneous conflicting input, but every common-sense intuition suggests we should be profoundly alarmed.This violation of concentration, silence, solitude（独处的状态）goes to the very heart of our notion of literacy;this new form of part-reading, of part-perception against background distraction, renders impossible certain essential acts of apprehension and concentration, let alone that most important tribute any human being can pay to a poem or a piece of prose he or she really loves, which is to learn it by heart.Not by brain, by heart;the expression is vital.Under these circumstances, the question of what future there is for the arts of reading is a real one.Ahead of us lie technical, psychic（心理的）, and social transformations probably much more dramatic than those brought about by Gutenberg, the German inventor in printing.The Gutenberg revolution, as we now know it, took a long time;its effects are still begin debated.The information revolution will touch every facet of composition, publication, distribution, and reading.No one in the book industry can say with any confidence what will happen to the book as we've known it.36.According to the passage, the chief purpose of explorers in going to unknown places in the past was ______________.A)to display their country's military might B)to accomplish some significant science C)to find new areas for colonization D)to pursue commercial and state interests 注：对应文章第一段

37.At present, a probable inducement for countries to initiate large-scale space ventures is _____________.A)international cooperation B)nationalistic reasons C)scientific research D)long-term profits 注：对应文章第三段，B和D相反都排除

38.What is the main goal of sending human missions to Mars? A)To find out if life ever existed there.B)To see if humans could survive there.C)To prove the feasibility of large-scale space ventures.D)To show the leading role of science in space exploration.39.By saying “With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been”(Line 1, Para.4), the author means that _________________.在线学英语 体验请申请：

A)with Mars the risks involved are much greater than any previous space ventures B)in the case of Mars, the rewards of scientific exploration can be very high C)in the case of Mars, much more research funds are needed than ever before D)with Mars, scientists argue, the fundamental interests of science are at issue 注：争议太多，对应末段

40.The passage tells us that proof of life on Mars would _______________.A)make clear the complex chemistry in the development of life B)confirm the suggestion that bacterial fossils traveled to Earth on a meteorite C)reveal the kind of conditions under which lie originates D)provide an explanation why life is common in the universe

For centuries, explorers have risked their lives venturing into the unknown for reasons that were to varying degrees economic and nationalistic.Columbus went west to look for better trade routes to the Orient and to promote the greater glory of Spain.Lewis and Clark journeyed into the American wilderness to find out what the U.S.had acquired when it purchased Louisiana, and the Appolo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show of technological muscle during the cold war.Although their missions blended commercial and political-military imperatives, the explorers involved all accomplished some significant science simply by going where no scientists had gone before.Today Mars looms（隐约出现）as humanity's next great terra incognita（未探明之地）.And with doubtful prospects for a short-term financial return, with the cold war a rapidly fading memory and amid a growing emphasis on international cooperation in large space ventures, it is clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human beings to leave their tracks on the planet's reddish surface.Could it be that science, which has long played a minor role in exploration, is at last destined to take a leading role? The question naturally invites a couple of others: Are there experiments that only humans could do on Mars? Could those experiments provide insights profound enough to justify the expense of sending people across interplanetary space? With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been.The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite（陨石）from valuable data about the range of conditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to life.If it could be established that life arose independently on Mars and Earth, the finding would provide the first concrete clues in one of the deepest mysteries in all of science: the prevalence of life in the universe.“成千上万人疯狂下载。。。

在线学英语 体验请申请：

更多价值连城的绝密英语学习资料，洛基内部秘密英语，技巧，策略

请在 网上 申请报名”