第一篇:功放上的英文解释
功放上的英文解释
GAIN:输入信号增益控制
HIGH:高音电平控制
MID-HIGH:中高音电平控
LOW:低音电平控制
PAN:相位控制
MON.SEND:分路监听信号控制
EFX.SEND:分路效果信号控制
LIMIT(LED):信号限幅指示灯
LEFT.:左路信号电平控制
RIGHT:右路信号电平控制
MONITOR:监听系统
MON.OUT:监听输出
MASTER:总路电平控制
EFX.MASTER:效果输出电平控制
EFX.PAN:效果相位控制
EFX.RET:效果返回电平控制
EFX.MON:效果送监听系统电平控制
DISPLAY:电平指示器
ECHO:混响
HIGH I IN:高阻输入
LOW I IN:低阻输入
OUT/IN:输出/输入转换插孔
AUX.IN:辅助输入
MASTER OUT:总路输出
EFX.OUT:效果输出
EFX.RETURN:效果返回输入
LAMP:专用照明灯电源
POWER:总电源开关
BALANCE OUTPUT:平衡输出
FUSE:保险丝
PEL:预监听(试听)按键
EFF:效果电平控制
MAIN:主要的
LEVEL:声道平衡控制
HEAD PHONE:耳机插孔
PHANTOM POWER:幻像电源开关
SIGNAL PROCESSOR:信号处理器
EQUALIZER:均衡器
SUM:总输出编组开关
LOW CUT:低频切除开关
HIGH CUT:高频切除开关
PHONO INPUT:唱机输入
STEREO OUT:立体声输出
ACTIVITY:动态指示器
CUE:选听开关
MONO OUT:单声道输出
PROGRAM BALANCE:主输出声像控制
MONITOR BALANCE:监听输出声像控制
EQ IN(OUT):均衡器接入/退出按键
FT SW:脚踏开关
REV.CONTOUR:混响轮廓调节
PAD:定值衰减,衰减器
****
音响中英文名词解释二(功放类)
输出功率(output power):表明该功率放大器在一定负载下输出功率的大小,一般在功放说明书上标明在8欧姆负载,4欧姆负载或2欧姆负载状态下的输出功率,同时也会表明功放在桥接状态下,8欧姆负载时或4欧姆负载时的输出功率。这个输出功率表示功放的额定输出功率,而不是最大或者峰值输出功率。
负载阻抗(load impedance):表明功放的负载能力,负载的阻抗越小,表明功放能通过的电流能力就越强,一般来说,大部分的功放最低负载阻抗为4欧姆,品质好的功放最低负载一般为2欧姆。双通道时能够负载4欧姆的功放,在桥接状态下可以负载最低为8欧姆,双通道时能够负载2欧姆的功放,桥接状态下可以负载4欧姆。桥接状态下只能负载8欧姆的功放,不可以负载更低的阻抗,否则会造成功放因为电流过大而烧毁。
立体声(两路)模式(stereo mode or dual mode):一般的功放内部具有两个独立的放大电路,可以分别接受两路不同的信号分别进行放大并输出,这种工作状态称为立体声(两路)模式
桥接模式(bridge mode):桥接模式是利用功放内部的两个放大电路相互推挽,从而产生更大输出电压的方式,功放设定为桥接模式后,成为一台单声道放大器,只可以接受一路输入信号进行放大,输出端为两路功放输出的正端之间。
并联输入模式(parallel mode):此方式将功放的两路输入信号通道进行并联,只输入一路信号来同时驱动两个放大电路,两个输出端输出信号相同。
频响范围(frequency range):表明功放可以进行放大的工作频段,一般为20-20000赫兹,一般在此数据后面有一个后缀,比如-1/+1dB,这代表这个频率范围的误差或浮动范围,这个数值约小,表明频率范围内的频响曲线更平直。如果功放的频响范围以-3分贝为测试条件,这个功放出来的声音可能就没有那么平直了。
总谐波失真(THD):表明功放工作时,由于电路不可避免的振荡或其他谐振产生的二次,三次谐波与实际输入信号叠加,在输出端输出的信号就不单纯是与输入信号完全相同的成分,而是包括了谐波成分的信号,这些多余出来的谐波成分与实际输入信号的对比,用百分比来表示就称为总谐波失真。一般来说,总谐波失真在1000赫兹附近最小,所以大部分功放表明总谐波失真是用1000赫兹信号做测试,但有些更严格的厂家也提供20-20000赫兹范围内的总谐波失真数据。总谐波失真在1%以下,一般耳朵分辨不出来,超过10%就可以明显听出失真的成分。这个总谐波失真的数值越小,音色就更加纯净。一般产品的总谐波失真都小于1%@1kHz,但这个数值越小,表明产品的品质越高。
互调失真(IMD):互调失真是由于功放内部的晶体管工作特性引起的,使正弦波的波形发生畸变而产生的。互调失真的存在,直接影响到声音的音质,电子管放大器没有互调失真,所以一般来说晶体管放大器听起来感觉没有电子管功放那么柔和,舒服。一般互调失真的数值如果大于0.1%,这个功放的声音就感觉生硬,发涩,不抒展。
共模抑制比(CMRR):共模抑制是用来衡量共模信号被放大器抑制程度的一个综合指标,详细的定义不赘述了,这个参数一般用负值表示,比如-60dB,这个指标也是严重影响放大器的音质的指标,此指标数字越低,功放的音质就越好。
阻尼系数(damping factor):这是功放内阻和负载阻抗的比值,阻尼系数=音箱的阻抗÷(功放的内阻+音箱线的阻抗),高阻尼系数的功放对音箱单元的控制能力加强,可以让单元的反应更加接近功放输出信号的要求,但过高的阻尼系数将导致音箱的低频延展性变差,声音干硬。比较低的阻尼系数可以获得柔和的低音,但过低的阻尼系数将造成低音变得拖沓,不干净。一般的功放阻尼系数在200-1000@8欧姆之间。音箱线质量不好,线电阻大同样会影响功放的阻尼系数,造成功放对音箱的控制力减弱,声音变散。
输入灵敏度(input sensitivity):这是个电压概念,表明当功放达到满功率输出时,在输入端的信号电压的大小,一般的功放的输入灵敏度电压为0.775v(0dB)到1.5v(+6dB)之间,灵敏度电压越高,输入灵敏度越低。有些高品质功放,输入灵敏度低是由于采用更深的负反馈电路,所以具有更低的失真,更宽的频响和更好的音质。
信噪比(S/N or SNR or Hum and Noise):指功放信号电压和本底噪声电压的比值,这个数值越大,表明功放的噪声更低。一般专业产品的信噪比都在100分贝左右,用正值标注时,越高越好(有些功放采用负值标注,数值越小越好)。衰减功放的输入电平增益(关小功放音量旋钮)会降低功放的信噪比。
通道串扰(crosstalk):意味着功放内部两个放大通道之间通过电路耦合产生的串音,此指标不好,一个声道的信号就会串到另外一个声道去,从而在另外一个通道产生不干净的声音,通道串扰的数值一般为-60分贝左右。这个数值用负值标注时,数值越低,表示两个放大通道之间的分离度越高,声音越干净。
转换速率(Slew Rate)。:衡量放大器的响应速度一般是用电压转换速率其定义是在1微秒时间里电压升高幅度,如果以方波测量的话则是电压由波谷升至波峰所需时间,单位是V/u s,数值愈大表示瞬态响应度越好,感觉声音的速度快,能量集中。专业功放的转换速率一般都可以做到40V/u s以上。转换速率低于20V/u s的功放出来的声音会感觉拖沓和发散。
高通滤波器(high pass filter or HPF):音响系统中,有时会有一些极低频的次声波(infrasonic)信号夹杂在全音频信号当中,这些次声波信号人耳听不见,但是这种信号进入音箱,就会导致低音喇叭产生自激,并导致喇叭损坏,所有,有些功放内部装有次声波消除滤波器,有些是在后面板设置开关,可以在需要的时候切除无必要的30赫兹或40赫兹以下的频率,保护喇叭的安全。
限幅器(limiter):这是功放的保护措施之一,在功放输入电压超过输入灵敏度电压时,对输入信号进行限幅,从而避免功放因为过高的输入电压产生削波失真。有些功放的限幅器是自动启动的,有些功放在后面板安装了限幅器启动开关来控制限幅器的启动状态。
h k C F5? S/b C10905接地开关(ground left):功放的机箱一般与电源变压器屏蔽相连,功放机箱也具有接地端,但这个“地”与信号的“地”不同。当电源的接地端存在干扰时,打开接地开关让功放机箱的接地与之相接可以降低交流声干扰,如果电源地线没有干扰就不要接通。
DIMMER 减光控制 / 调光控制 DIS-MODE(display mode)LOUD 响亮
MUTE 无声 / 静
CH.MODE(change mode)换式 / channel mode 频道转换 DSP 数字信号处理 / 数码处理 MIC1 LEVEL 麦克风#1输出电压 DIGITAL ECHO 数码回响
MIC2 LEVEL 麦克风#1输出电压 DELAY 时延
MIC TREBLE 麦克风低音(高频)控制 MIC BASS 麦克风低音(低频)控制 S.L(speaker left)左边扬声器 CENTER 中间扬声器
S.R(speaker right)左边扬声器
S.WOOF(speaker woof / woofer)低音喇叭 BASS 低频调控 TREBLE 高频调控 SOURCE 源
VOLUME MULTI-CONTROL 声亮多路控制 S.W swap? 对换? F.R(front right)前右 F.L(front left)前左 AC-3 AC-3环绕音效 VCD VCD播放
AUX(auxiliary)辅助输入 LOUDNESS 响度 DISPLAY 显示 CH.MONE ? DSP 数字信号处理 / 数码处理 TONE 音调
第二篇:GP12英文解释
PPAP生产件批准程序(Production part approval process)SQE:上海通用 PPAP生产件提交保证书:主要有生产件尺寸检验报告,外观检验报告,功能检验报告,材料检验报告;外加一些零件控制方法和供应商控制方法;主要是制造形企业要求供应商在提交产品时做PPAP文件及首件,只有当PPAP文件全部合格后才能提交;当工程变更后还须提交报告。PPAP是对生产件的控制程序,也是对质量的一种管理方法。PQC制程质量控制/质量检验
所谓制程控制第一.对每批次开拉或更换产品时的首件产品确认,并给予生产部生产产品的标准,首检有告知、预防功能。第二、对在线产品的检验要求应按首件样品要求进行控制,意为正式生产时所有的产品必须符合首件样品的要求,且在开拉前一定要做来料检验就是对快要生产的产品的原材料进行确认物料的正确性。PQC还应做到发现问题,在自己力所能及的情况下解决问题,并要跟进问题。所谓一等检验员是会发现、解决、跟进问题。二等检验员是只会发现问题仅做个播音机似的进行反馈。三等检验员是什么都不会做
APQP=Advanced Product Quality Planning
中文意思是:产品质量先期策划(或者产品质量先期策划和控制计划)是QS9000/TS16949质量管理体系的一部分。
定义及其他知识点:1产品质量策划是一种结构化的方法,用来确定和制定确保某产品使顾客满意所需的步骤。2产品质量策划的目标是促进与所涉及每一个人的联系,以确保所要求的步骤按时完成。3有效的产品质量策划依赖于高层管理者对努力达到使顾客满意这一宗旨的承诺。
AIAG:Automotive Industry Action Group 意思是美国汽车工业行动集团SQE供货商管理工程师 :
1、必须要有供应商跟踪的方式,质量问题独立处理的方法;
2、高级职位必须要有成本控制、质量控制管理的清晰思路与意识、坚持的原则底线;
3、供应商的内部品质管理流程、以及可能出现的问题对应方法。
第三篇:常用英文缩写解释
常用英文缩写解释
CPR:Computer-Based Patient Record电子病历
EMR:Electronic Medical Record电子病历
CIS:Clinic Information System临床信息系统
HIS:Hospital Information System 医院信息系统
LIS:Laboratory Information System实验室信息系统
PACS:Picture Archiving and Communicating System图片存档及通信系统 RIS:Radiation Information System放射信息系统
OR:Operating Room手术麻醉信息系统
OA:Office Automatization 办公室自动化
ICU:Intensive Care Unit 重症监护病房(重症监护信息系统)
CCU:Coronary Care Unit冠心病监护病区
ADT:Admission discharge transfer入院、出院和转院的相关信息
HMIS:Hospital Management Information System医院管理信息系统
CT:Computer Tomography 计算机断层扫描
ECT:Emission Computerized Tomography 发射式计算机处理断层摄影 MRI:Magnetic Resonance Imaging核磁共振成像
DSA:Digital Subtraction Angiography数字减影血管造影
CR:Computed Radiography 电脑放射线摄影
DR:Digital Radiography数位放射线摄影
EHR:Electronic Health Record电子健康系统
CPOE:Computerised Physician Order Entry计算机处方输入
HL7:Health Level Seven 美国卫生信息传输标准
DICOM:Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine医学数字成像及通信标准 ILE:Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise医用信息系统集成CDR:临床数据仓库
eMAR:电子化用药管理记录
第四篇:高速公路的英文解释
根据《朗文当代英语辞典》,expressway 这一说法确实存在,但它是美国英语的用法,指的是城市内的快速干道,其英语释义如下:a very wide road, usually in a city, on which cars can travel very quickly without stopping。如此说来,expressway 似乎等同于北京市区的环路,或者说是上海、南京等大城市的高架道路。
freeway,motorway 才是英语中表达高速公路的更常用词语。其中,freeway 也倾向于指市区的快速通道,根据中国地图出版社出版的中英对照的美国地图册,休斯顿市市区有 North Loop Freeway,Gulf Freeway,旧金山市中心有Southern Freeway,洛杉矶市市区有 Harbor Freeway,Santa Ana Freeway,达拉斯市闹市有 Lyndon Johnson Freeway 等等,从地图上看,这些道路都是穿越市区的。Motorway 这个单词则似乎更加对应我国的连接城市与城市,地区与地区的高速公路,因为《朗文当代英语辞典》对其下的定义是:a very wide road for traveling fast over long distances, especially between cities。
众所周知,英语中还有一个常见单词表达的也是“公路”的意思,这个单词就是 highway。《朗文当代英语辞典》对其的解释十分简明扼要,它就是指公路,尤其使用于美国英语中,其英文释义为 a broad main road that joins one town to another。interstate highway在美国十分普遍的说法,翻译成中文就是“州际公路”。
“高速公路”在美国还有两个典型美国英语的说法,一个叫做 turnpike,《朗文当代英语辞典》告诉我们,它就是指“收费的高速公路”。还有一个说法叫做 toll highway,也是“收费高速公路”的意思,因为高速公路一般都是收费的。但是,美国的高速公路建设起始年代比我国早多了,因此,有些高速公路建设时所借贷的贷款早已还清,这些高速公路就不再收费了,它们在英语里就叫做 toll-free highway。
综上所述,在英语中,表示“高速公路”的英语单词有好几个,根据辞典的释义以及使用习惯,如果是穿越城市的高速公路,即类似高架一样的快速通道,可以说成是expressway 和 freeway。表示连接一个城市和另一个城市,需要穿越大片野外空旷地段的高速公路,可以说 motorway,但这个单词似乎并不很常用,至少在美国如此。美国人在表达长途高速公路的时候还是喜欢用 highway,toll highway,turnpike 等这几个词语。当然,highway 有一定的两面性,它也可以指普通公路,因此,它的意思就要看具体的语境了。
顺便提一下,很多地方为“绕城公路”翻译成了round city expressway,而实际上,绕城公路在美国翻译成beltway:美国首都华盛顿就有 capital city beltway(首都绕城公路)。
第五篇:婚姻法 解释三 附英文
《婚姻法》解释三(附英文)
《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国婚姻法〉若干问题的解释
(三)》已于2011年7月4日由最高人民法院审判委员会第1525次会议通过,现予公布,自2011年8月13日起施行。二○一一年八月九日 法释〔2011〕18号 最高人民法院关于适用
《中华人民共和国婚姻法》若干问题的解释
(三)(2011年7月4日最高人民法院审判委员会第1525次会议通过)
为正确审理婚姻家庭纠纷案件,根据《中华人民共和国婚姻法》、《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》等相关法律规定,对人民法院适用婚姻法的有关问题作出如下解释: 第一条 当事人以婚姻法第十条规定以外的情形申请宣告婚姻无效的,人民法院应当判决驳回当事人的申请。
当事人以结婚登记程序存在瑕疵为由提起民事诉讼,主张撤销结婚登记的,告知其可以依法申请行政复议或者提起行政诉讼。
第二条 夫妻一方向人民法院起诉请求确认亲子关系不存在,并已提供必要证据予以证明,另一方没有相反证据又拒绝做亲子鉴定的,人民法院可以推定请求确认亲子关系不存在一方的主张成立。
当事人一方起诉请求确认亲子关系,并提供必要证据予以证明,另一方没有相反证据又拒绝做亲子鉴定的,人民法院可以推定请求确认亲子关系一方的主张成立。第三条 婚姻关系存续期间,父母双方或者一方拒不履行抚养子女义务,未成年或者不能独立生活的子女请求支付抚养费的,人民法院应予支持。
第四条 婚姻关系存续期间,夫妻一方请求分割共同财产的,人民法院不予支持,但有下列重大理由且不损害债权人利益的除外:
(一)一方有隐藏、转移、变卖、毁损、挥霍夫妻共同财产或者伪造夫妻共同债务等严重损害夫妻共同财产利益行为的;
(二)一方负有法定扶养义务的人患重大疾病需要医治,另一方不同意支付相关医疗费用的。
第五条 夫妻一方个人财产在婚后产生的收益,除孳息和自然增值外,应认定为夫妻共同财产。
第六条 婚前或者婚姻关系存续期间,当事人约定将一方所有的房产赠与另一方,赠与方在赠与房产变更登记之前撤销赠与,另一方请求判令继续履行的,人民法院可以按照合同法第一百八十六条的规定处理。
第七条 婚后由一方父母出资为子女购买的不动产,产权登记在出资人子女名下的,可按照婚姻法第十八条第(三)项的规定,视为只对自己子女一方的赠与,该不动产应认定为夫妻一方的个人财产。由双方父母出资购买的不动产,产权登记在一方子女名下的,该不动产可认定为双方按照各自父母的出资份额按份共有,但当事人另有约定的除外。
第八条 无民事行为能力人的配偶有虐待、遗弃等严重损害无民事行为能力一方的人身权利或者财产权益行为,其他有监护资格的人可以依照特别程序要求变更监护关系;变更后的监护人代理无民事行为能力一方提起离婚诉讼的,人民法院应予受理。第九条 夫以妻擅自中止妊娠侵犯其生育权为由请求损害赔偿的,人民法院不予支持;夫妻双方因是否生育发生纠纷,致使感情确已破裂,一方请求离婚的,人民法院经调解无效,应依照婚姻法第三十二条第三款第(五)项的规定处理。
第十条 夫妻一方婚前签订不动产买卖合同,以个人财产支付首付款并在银行贷款,婚后用夫妻共同财产还贷,不动产登记于首付款支付方名下的,离婚时该不动产由双方协议处理。
依前款规定不能达成协议的,人民法院可以判决该不动产归产权登记一方,尚未归还的贷款为产权登记一方的个人债务。双方婚后共同还贷支付的款项及其相对应财产增值部分,离婚时应根据婚姻法第三十九条第一款规定的原则,由产权登记一方对另一方进行补偿。第十一条 一方未经另一方同意出售夫妻共同共有的房屋,第三人善意购买、支付合理对价并办理产权登记手续,另一方主张追回该房屋的,人民法院不予支持。
夫妻一方擅自处分共同共有的房屋造成另一方损失,离婚时另一方请求赔偿损失的,人民法院应予支持。
第十二条 婚姻关系存续期间,双方用夫妻共同财产出资购买以一方父母名义参加房改的房屋,产权登记在一方父母名下,离婚时另一方主张按照夫妻共同财产对该房屋进行分割的,人民法院不予支持。购买该房屋时的出资,可以作为债权处理。
第十三条 离婚时夫妻一方尚未退休、不符合领取养老保险金条件,另一方请求按照夫妻共同财产分割养老保险金的,人民法院不予支持;婚后以夫妻共同财产缴付养老保险费,离婚时一方主张将养老金账户中婚姻关系存续期间个人实际缴付部分作为夫妻共同财产分割的,人民法院应予支持。
第十四条 当事人达成的以登记离婚或者到人民法院协议离婚为条件的财产分割协议,如果双方协议离婚未成,一方在离婚诉讼中反悔的,人民法院应当认定该财产分割协议没有生效,并根据实际情况依法对夫妻共同财产进行分割。
第十五条 婚姻关系存续期间,夫妻一方作为继承人依法可以继承的遗产,在继承人之间尚未实际分割,起诉离婚时另一方请求分割的,人民法院应当告知当事人在继承人之间实际分割遗产后另行起诉。
第十六条 夫妻之间订立借款协议,以夫妻共同财产出借给一方从事个人经营活动或用于其他个人事务的,应视为双方约定处分夫妻共同财产的行为,离婚时可按照借款协议的约定处理。
第十七条 夫妻双方均有婚姻法第四十六条规定的过错情形,一方或者双方向对方提出离婚损害赔偿请求的,人民法院不予支持。第十八条 离婚后,一方以尚有夫妻共同财产未处理为由向人民法院起诉请求分割的,经审查该财产确属离婚时未涉及的夫妻共同财产,人民法院应当依法予以分割。第十九条 本解释施行后,最高人民法院此前作出的相关司法解释与本解释相抵触的,以本解释为准。
Interpretations of the Supreme People’s Court about Several Issues Concerning the Application of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China(III)
(Adopted at the1525th meeting, on July 4, 2011 by the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People’s Court)
With a view to correctly hearing the cases of disputes over marriage and families, interpretations of relevant problems on the application of Marriage Law by people’s court of law are made as follow, according to Marriage Law of the PRC, Civil Procedure Law of the PRC and other relevant laws and regulations: Article 1 The court shall dismiss the application by a party concerned for the declaration of annulment of marriage according to the situations other than the one specified in the Article 10 of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China,.In case a party concerned brings a civil action to claim revocation of marriage registration on the ground that the marriage registration process was flawed, they shall be informed that they may apply for administrative reconsideration or file an administrative lawsuit.Article 2 Where one party of the couple plead with the court to confirm the inexistence of parent-child relationship and has provided necessary evidences to prove it, while the other party does not have the opposite evidence but refuses to do the paternity test, the court may presume that the claim held by such party who pleads confirmation of inexistence of parent-child relationship is upheld..If one party pleads with the court to confirm parent-child relationship, and provides the necessary evidence to prove it, while the other party has no evidence to the contrary but refuses to do the paternity test, the court may presume that the claim held by such party who pleads confirmation of existence of parent-child relationship is upheld.Article 3 The court shall support the pleading for maintenance claimed by minor children or those children who can not live independently if both parents or one parent refuses to assume the obligation to support children during the existence of the matrimonial relationship.Article 4 The court shall not support the pleading to divide the community property made by a party of the couple during the existence of the matrimonial relationship, except for the following major reasons and without prejudice to the rights and interests of creditors:
a)Where one party has the acts, including, without limitation, hiding, transferring, selling off, destructing, squandering property jointly owned or forging joint debts, which seriously damages the rights and interests in and to properties jointly owned by the couple.b)Where the people for whom one party concerned has statutory support obligations suffers from serious diseases and needs medical treatment, the other party does not agree to pay the medical expenses.Article 5 The revenue generated by one party’s personal property after marriage, except for Fructus and unearned increment , should be recognized as property jointly owned by the two parities in marriage.Article 6 Where the parties concerned have agreed that one party gives away his or her real property to the other party before or during the existence of the marriage, and then revokes the contract of gift before the registration of the gift real property has been changed, the other party pleads an order of specific performance, the people’s court may deal with the case in accordance with the provisions in Article 186 of the Contact Law.Article 7 Where the title of real estate bought by the parents of one party after marriage is registered in the name of the son or daughter of such parents, it is deemed to be donation to their son or daughter and thus to be the personal property of their son or daughter in accordance with the Article 18(3)of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China.Where the purchase of real estate is financed by parents of both parties, and the title of the real property is registered in the name of one party, the property is deemed be property by jointly owned in accordance with their parents’ respective share of contribution unless otherwise agreed by the parties.Article 8 In case the spouse of the person without capacity for civil conduct has any act, including, without limitation, abuse and abandonment, which jeopardizes the personal or property rights of the party without capacity for civil conduct, others with custody eligibility may plead a change in guardianship in compliance with special procedures;where the substituted guardian takes a divorce proceedings for the party without capacity for civil conduct, the court should accept it.Article 9 The court shall not support the pleading made by the husband for damages on the ground of unauthorized termination of pregnancy by his wife and infringement on his reproductive rights;where both husband and wife dispute over childbearing, resulting in actual rupture of emotion, if a party pleads a divorce, the people’s court shall deal with it in accordance with the provisions in Article 32(3)of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China after mediation fails.Article 10 Where one party in the marriage has signed a real estate purchase contract before marriage, pays the down payment with his/her personal property, takes a loan from the bank, repays the bank mortgage with the community property of both parties after marriage and registers the real estate under the name of the payer of down payment, both parties shall dispose of the real estate by mutual agreement at the time of divorce.Where both parties fail to reach an agreement based on the preceding paragraph, the people’s court may rule that such real estate vests in the party under whose name the real estate is registered and the loan outstanding thereof shall be the personal debt of such party.In respect of the loan repayment jointly paid by both parties after marriage and the corresponding property increment of the real estate, the party under whose name the real estate is registered shall make compensation to the other party at the time of divorce in accordance with the principle specified in Paragraph 1 of Article 39 of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China.Article 11 Where one party in the marriage sells a house under co-ownership without the consent of the other party, the third person makes the purchase and payment in good faith with reasonable consideration and completes the property ownership registration formalities, the people’s court shall not uphold the claim made by the other party of the couple for the recovery of the house.(Where one party in the marriage disposes of the real estate under co-ownership without the consent of the other party, thereby resulting in the loss of the other party of the couple, and the other party claims for compensation of the loss, the people’s count shall uphold such claim.)Article 12 During the existence of the marriage, Where both parties in the marriage make capital contribution to purchase a house under the housing reform scheme in the name of one party’s parent(s), the property ownership is registered under the name of such party’s parent, the people’s court shall not uphold the claim made by the other party for division of the house as their community property at the time of divorce.Such contribution for the purchase of a house may be treated as creditor’s rights.Article 13 Where one party in the marriage, at the time of divorce, has not retired and fails to meet the requirements for receiving endowment insurance benefits, the people’s court shall not uphold the claim of the other party for division of the endowment insurance benefits as their community property;where the endowment insurance premium is paid with the community property of both parties after marriage and one party makes a claim, at the time of divorce, for division of the portion in the pension account actually paid by him/her during the marriage as the community property of both parties, the people’s court shall uphold such claim.Article 14 Where the parties concerned have reached the property division agreement for the purpose of registered divorce or uncontest divorce filed with the court, but the two parties have failed to reach the divorce agreement and one party goes back on his or her words in the divorce proceedings, the court shall conclude that the agreement for the property division has not gone into effect, and divide the community property according to the actual situation.Article 15 Where in the duration of marriage, the estate that one party can inherit as one of heirs has not been distributed between heirs, and when suing for divorce, the other party requests for distribution the court shall inform the party that he or she should file another suit after the estate will be distributed between heirs.Article 16 lf a borrowing agreement has been concluded between husband and wife to have community property lend to a party for personal business activities, or for other personal matters, the agreement shall be deemed to be an act of disposal of community property as agreed upon.When filing a lawsuit for divorce, the dispute can be handled in accordance with provisions in the borrowing agreement.Article 17 Where both parties have the faults specified in Article 46 of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China, the people’s court shall not support the claim made by either or both parties for damages for divorce against the other party.Article 18 After the divorce, if one party files to the court requesting splitting the undivided community property, and after verification that the property proves indeed to be the community property which has not been divided in divorce, the court shall divide it in accordance with the law.Article 19 After the implementation of these interpretations, if there are any discrepancies between these interpretations and previous relevant judicial interpretations made by the Supreme People’s Court and these interpretations shall prevail.