中考定语从句讲解与专题训练[共五篇]

第一篇：中考定语从句讲解与专题训练

专题训练：定语从句(The Attributive Clause).定语从句：在句中起定语作用，修饰某一名词或代词，或修饰整个主句的从句。

被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句通常跟在先行词之后，由关系词（that, which, who, whom, whose等）引出，因此，定语从句有可称为关系分句。Eg.The woman who is standing by the classroom is our English teacher.站在教室旁边的那个女人是我们的英语老师。

This is the room where Lu Xun once lived.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房间。关系代词引导的定语从句

1.who 代替人 作用：1.做主语 eg.The girl who plays the piano well is her daughter.那个弹钢琴的女孩是她的女儿。

2.作表语 eg.He is no longer the man who he used to be.他不再是以前那个人了。

2.whom 代替人 作用： 1.动词宾语 eg.He is the very man whom I want to see.他正是我想要见的那个人。

2.介词宾语 eg.The man with whom she was traveling is her boyfriend.跟她一起旅行的那个人是她的男朋友。

3.whose 代替人或物 作用：从句中某名词的定语。

Eg.She is looking after the little child whose parents have gone to London.她在照看其父母去了伦敦的那个小孩。

He lives in the room whose windows face south.他住在窗户面朝南的那个房间。3.that 代替人或物 作用：

1.主语

eg.The man that is speaking at the meeting is a famous scientist.在会上讲话的那个男人是一个著名的科学家。

The train that has just left is for Shanghai.刚刚离开的火车是开往上海的。

2.宾语

eg.Is this the teacher that you talked about yesterday.这就是你昨天谈到的那位老师吗？

Is this the photo that you took last year?

这是你去年照的照片吗？ 3表语

eg.She is no longer the girl that she was in her childhood.她不再是她童年时代的那个女孩了。

My hometown is not a polluted place that you think it to be.我的家乡不是像你认为的一个污染的地方。4.which 代替物 作用：

1．主语

eg.The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。2.宾语 eg.The computer which I wanted to buy was sold out.我想要买的那种电脑卖完了。3.表语

eg.She was fond of dancing, which her brother never was.她喜欢跳舞，她弟弟从不喜欢。一些具体用法

1.用who 代替whom 在从句中作宾语，主要用于口语。

2.在口语中，who，whom，which 在从句中作动词宾语时常常省去。

Eg.The boy(whom)I mentioned is his son.我刚提到的那个男孩是他的儿子。

3.当关系代词紧跟介词，做介词宾语时，不可用that，只能用whom 或 which。但是当街次位于定语从句句末时，可用that，也可以省去。关系代词whom和which 作介词的宾语时，介词可以放在关系代词之前，也可以放在定语从句的动词之后。如果介词放在前，则whom和which 不可省，如果放在动词之后，则可以省去。固定词组的介词不能前置。Eg.This is the house in which we lived last year.= This is the house(that where)we lived in last year.这就是我们去年住的房子。

This is the person(whom)you are looking for.这就是不要找的那个人。4.在下面几种情况下必须用that引导作定语从句。

1.先行词是不定代词，如：all, few, little, much, everything, nothing, anything, none等。

Eg.Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?

有什么你想要在商店买的吗？

2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级。

Eg.This is the best movie that I’ve ever seen.这是我看到的最好的电影。

3.先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some, the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。Eg.I have read all the books(that)you gave me.我读了你给我的所有的书。

He is the only person that I want to talk to.他就是我想要谈话的那个人。

4.当并列的先行词表示人和物时。

Eg.They are talking about things and persons that they remembered.他们在谈论他们所能回忆起来的人和事。

5.在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，为了避免重复用that。

Eg.Who is the girl that is crying?

正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？

Which of the books that borrowed from the library is yours?

从图书馆借的哪一本书是你的？

6.主句以there be 开头。

Eg.There is a seat in the corner that is still free.在那个角落还有个作为空着。

注：关系副词引导的定语从句和非限定性定语从句为自习内容。

配套练习

一．用正确的关系代词填空。

1.The man _______ father died in the accident is too sad to say a word.2.I love the book ________ you bought in the new bookstore yesterday.3.Jenny is the last foreign friend _______ I met in Beijing.4.5.6.7.We’ve been to Shenzhen ________ is very near Hongkong.I should do something ______ I enjoy.Have you ever seen the man _______ wears very strange? The stork was very different from other animals __________ the fox had met.8.Canada welcomes cultural differences in the people _______ live there.9.But the food wasn’t the only thing ______ was strange.10.Do you remember the man _______ served us at the restaurant that day？ 11.I want a job ______ pays a lot of money.12.The young woman to _______ the man just spoke is our new teacher.13.The animal with _______ the man walks is a lion.14.The old lady _______ we are looking for can’t see anything.15.There are many visitors ________ are from foreign countries.16.Ken just cares about things and people _____ are important to him.17.Yao Ming is the tallest Chinese basketball player _______ I’ve seen.18.I have nothing _______ you are fond of here.19.My teacher gave me a piece of advice ________ says I must work hard.20.They don’t mind the girl ________ doesn’t have a good looking.

第二篇：定语从句讲解

定语从句讲解

一、定语从句的概念

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行

词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

如：

He is the boy

who often goes to school late.先行词

关系词

定语从句

二、定语从句的关系词

引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法

1.that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）

The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）

2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）

The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）

3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）

Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）

注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：

This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for.这就是你要找的那个人。

（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：

The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。

（4）关系词只能用that的情况：

a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。

b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？

c.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：

Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？

f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：

a.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如：

What’s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？

b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：

This is the room in which he lives.这是他居住的房间。

c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如：

Tom came back，which made us happy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

五、关系副词的用法

（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：

This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。

（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：

This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。

（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：

Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

第三篇：定语从句讲解

定语从句讲解

一个美丽的女孩

a beautiful girl（形容词作前置定语）一个穿白色衣服的女孩

a girl in white（介词短语作后置定语）一个正唱歌的女孩

a girl who is singing(定语从句，修饰或限定名词girl）

一、概念: 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.Harry Porter is a smart boy.形容词作定语 Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.句子作定语,修饰boy, 叫做定语从句 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。关系词 分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词：who whom whose which that as

关系代词 ：when where why 先行词和关系词的关系

1.A plane is a machine that can fly.the machine = that 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.the boy =who 3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.the boy’s =whose The school where I study is far from my home.in the school = where 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指

关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词 关系代词的作用

1.代替先行词;

２.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;

3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句.（把主句和从句连起来）

关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。

① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。

The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.分解

作主语 The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.The man(who)I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。

The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.作宾语分解、The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.The man(whom)I nodded to is Mr.Li.③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。

This is a truck which / that is made in China.分解 This is a truck.The truck is made in China.These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder（which）he is using is made in Japan.The TV set(which)he bought yesterday is made in Japan.Is this the library(which)you borrow books from? ④that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。

The man who / that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.作主语 分解 The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man(that)I told you about.⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解 I know the girl.The girl’s mother is a teacher.This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.We live in a house whose windows face south.I saw a woman.Her bag was stolen.I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.Please show me the book.Its cover is red.Please show me the book whose cover is red.定语从句三步：

第一找出先行词

第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状

语）

第三选择合适的关系词 关系代词的用法注意点

(1)that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况只能用that 不能用which。①当先行词中有人又有物时。如：

Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? ②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等时。如：

This is all that I want from the school.③当先行词被only, just, very, right, last等修饰时。如： This is the very book that I am looking for these days.④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：

The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：

The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.由wh-开头的特殊疑问句

Who is the man that you are talking about? 练习：that 与 which 1)Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand? 2)The only thing _____ we can do is to give you some advice.3)Who is the man _____ is standing there? 4)Her bag, in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen.5)She heard a terrible noise，______ brought her heart into her mouth.(2)that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用who。①先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时。如： All who heard the news were excited.②先行词为those, he和people时。如：

Those who want to go please sign your names here.He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.定语从句练习

The foreign guests，were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport.A．most of them

B．most of whom

C．most of that

D．most of those He was the very one of the students who

praised at the class meeting.A．was

B．were C．is

D．are The balls are solid，makes them very heavy.it

B．what C．which D．that

The scientist and his achievements

you told me about are admired by us.who

B．that

C．which D． /

He is working hard，will make him pass the final exam.who

B．that

C．which D．it

The museum

we are going to visit is far form our school.where B．that

C．it

D．as

Which of the two sheep

you keep produces more milk?

that

B．which C．what D．they

The weather turned out to be very good，was more than we could expect.B．which

C．that

D．it

Finally, the thief handed everything

he had stolen to the police.which B．what

C．whatever D．that

Tom as well as his friends who

football matches

to school today.likes;hasn’t gone

B．likes;haven’t gone

C．like;hasn’t gone

D．like;haven’t gone We should learn from those

are ready to help others.A．what

A．who

B．whom C．whose D．they 12.I have two brothers，are doctors.A．both of them

B．both of who

C．both of whom

D．both of they 13.Everything

can be done should be done.A．which B．that

C．all

D．where 14.Is oxygen the only gas

helps fire burn?

A．that

B．/

C．which D．what

15.The first place

we visited in that city was a big factory.A．where B．in which C．that

D．which

16.Which is the largest bridge

was built across the river?

A．that

B．which C．where D．on which 17.Please pass me the dictionary

cover is black.A．which B．its

C．whose D．which of 18.This is the very place

I’m wishing to live in.A．where B．which C．that

D．in which 19.She always gives in to those _____ have money.A．in which B．who

C．that

D．which

二、从下框中选择合适的关系代词填空。

that;which;who;whose;不填

This is the village ______ I ever visited last year.I will always remember the days ______ we spent in the village.I will never forget the boy ______ ever helped me.He lives in the room ______ door is green.This is the best movie ______ we have seen this year.The trees _____ stand by the river have been green.These are the very books _____ I am looking for.It was the largest map _____ I had even seen.He made notes of everything _____ he read.10.Yesterday I met the teacher _____ once taught us maths.

第四篇：定语从句讲解与练习

定语从句讲解与练习

在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句.被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词.引导定语从句的关系代词有who, which, that,关系代词在定语从句中做主语,宾语,定语.(作宾语时可省略，放在介词后不可省。)

一.由 who, 引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语),修饰表示人的先行词.例如:

This is the man who helped me.Do you know the comrade who spoke just now ?

The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother.二.that引导的定语从句,that在从句中做主语或宾语,修饰表示人或物的先行词,作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语.The letter(that//which)I received was from my father.I can’t find the letter that//which came this morning.Do you still remember the days(that//which)we spent together ? This is the man that//who helped me.The house(that//which)we live in is not large.=The house in which we live is not large.The doctor(that//whom //who)you are looking for is in the room.三.which引导的定语从句,which在从句中做主语,也可做宾语,或介词的宾语,修饰表示物的先行词.先行词可以是词、短语、句子。

This is the book(which/that)you want.The building which//that stands near the river is our school.The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.(介词后面的which不能省略)

The house(which/that)we live in is not large.This is the watch(which/that)he was looking for.(在含有介词的动词固定词组中,介词只能放在动词之后,不能放在which之前)

四、that 和which 都可以修饰表示物的先行词,1.但是下列情况只能用that.①.先行词为不定代词all, few, little, much, everything, nothing 等.All(that)you have to do is to practise every day.There isn’t much(that)I can do.②.先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时.The first lesson(that)I learned will never be forgotten.This is the best film(that)I have ever seen.③.先行词被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等不定代词修饰时.I have read all the books(that)you gave me.④.先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same 等修饰时.The white flower is the only one that I really like.This is the very book that I want to read.This is the same book that I want to read.(同一本书)

----This is the same book as I want to read.⑤.当主句以who或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时,定语从句that 引

导.Who is the man that is standing there ?

Which of us that knows something about physics doesn’t know this ?

⑥先行词既有人又有物时。

We talked about the persons and things that we could remember.⑦time做先行词，前面如果有序数词或 last 来修饰时，定语从句用 that 来引导或省略；如果没有序数词或 last 来修饰时，既可用 when也可用that来引导。

This is the last time(that)I shall give you a lesson.The first time(that)I saw him was in 1972.It’s time(that)we got up.2.that不能置于介词之后（介词后指物用which,指人用whom）The person to whom I am speaking just now is our English teacher.The prize for which he worked so hard was a new bicycle.五．定语从句中的主谓一致

引导词在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词人称和数要根据引导词所指内容而定。

1.Here are some sentences that are often used by the students.(as指代sentences，谓语动词用are)。

2.I, who am a Party member, should work hard for our country.(who指代I, 谓语用am.)。

3.He was one of the students who were praised for it.(who指代the students)他是被表扬的学生之一。

4.He was the only one of the students who was praised for it.(who 指the only one)他是唯一被表扬的学生。

I、用that、which、who、填空

This is the man ____wants to see you.The man ___ you went to see has come.Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday.The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.This is shirt _______________I bought yesterday.I will never forget the people and the places _____ I have ever visited.The first thing ___________ we should do is to clean the room.You should do all _________I told you to do.The book has nothing_____________interests me.This is the best film ________ has been shown this year.He took away everything __________ belonged to him.This is the very person___I need.I have read all the books__you gave me.He is the only person _____is right.I have read every book ___I can find.They talked much _________ had nothing to do with the matter.There is little ________ I can give you.I will never forget the day ____________ I spent with you.二、单项选择

1.Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose

2.The students were all interested ____ you told them

yesterday.A.in whichB.in that thisC.all thatD.in everything

3.He was the only person in his office______ was invited.A.whomB.whoseC.thatD.which

4.Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who

5.Would you tell me where to get the dictionary_____?

A.what I needB.I needC.which I need itD.that I need it

6.The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A.who is singingB.is singingC.sangD.was singing

7.Didn’t you see the man ________?

A.I nodded just nowB.whom I nodded just now

C.I nodded to him just nowD.I nodded to just now

8.Is there anything else______ you require ?

A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what

9.The last place _______ we visited was the Great Wall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it

10.He talked happily about the men and books ______ interested him greatly in the school.A.whichB.that

C.whoD.when

11.Do you know the man _________?

A.whom I spokeB.to who I spokeC.I spoke toD.that I spoke

12.This is one of the best films ________ this year.A.have been shownB.that have shown

C.that have been shownD.which has been shown

13.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn ?

A.thatBxC.whichD.it

14.I’ve read all the books ______ were borrowed from the library.A.thatB.xC.whichD.they

15.Jack is the only one of my friends who ______ helping me paint my house.A.isB areC.wasD.were

16.This is the last time _________ I shall give you a lesson.A.whenB thatC whichD in which

牛津初三英语宾语从句专项练习试卷

宾语从句专项训练

I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。

1．I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow．_________ he comes，I'll tell you．

A．if；Whether B．whether；Whether

C．if；That D．if；If

2．I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow．

A．when does he come B．how will he come

C．if he comes D．whether he'll come

3．Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is？

A．what B．how C．whether D．where

4．Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help？

A．how did he mend B．what did he mend

C．how he mended D．what he mended

5．I want to know _________ ．

A．whom is she looking after B．whom she is looking

C．whom is she looking D．whom she is looking after

6．Do you know where _________ now？

A．he lives B．does he live C．he lived D．did he live

7．Do you know what time _________ ？

A．the train leave B．does the train leave

C．will the train leave D．the train leaves

8．I don't know _________ ．Can you tell me，please？

A．how the two players are old B．how old are the two players

C．the two players are how old D．how old the two players are

9．The small children don't know _________ ．

A．what is their stockings in B．what is in their stockings

C．where is their stockings in D．what in their stockings

10．I can't understand _________ ．

A．what does Christmas mean B．what Christmas does mean

C．what mean Christmas does D．what Christmas means

II．按要求转换句型。

1．Does Mr．Brown enjoy living in China？Could you tell us？（改写句子）

→Could you tell us _________ Mr．Brown _________ living in China？

2．“Does the girl need any help？”he asked me．（变为复合句）→He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help．

3．Jim is not a student．Tom is not a student，either．（合并为一个句子）

_________ Jim _________ Tom is a student．

4．When does the train leave？I want to know．（改为含宾语从句的复合句）

I want to know _________ the train _________ ．

5．They went home after they had finished their homework．（用not．．．until改写）

They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework．

6．Did Peter come here yesterday？Li Lei wants to know．（改为含宾语从句的复合句）

Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday．

宾语从句专项训练参考答案：

I．1—5DDDCD 6—10ADDBD

II．1．if／whether；enjoys 2．if／whether；needed 3．Neither；nor 4．when；leaves 5．didn't；until 6．whether；came

第五篇：定语从句讲解与练习

定语从句讲解与练习

一、定语从句的概念

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词

引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法

1.that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）

The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）

2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）

The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）

3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）

Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？ 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）注意：

（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：

This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for.这就是你要找的那个人。

（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：

The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。

（4）关系词只能用that的情况：

a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。

b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？

c.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：

Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？

f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：

a.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如：

What„s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？

b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：

This is the room in which he lives.这是他居住的房间。

c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如： Tom came back，which made us happy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

五、关系副词的用法

（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：

This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。

（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：

This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。

（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：

Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。定语从句练习题（附参考答案及解析）

1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A.Which B.where C.what D.in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke C.I spoke to D.that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month.A.which they stayed B.at that they stayed C.where they stayed at D.where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A.which B.that C.when D.on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A.which B.on which C.in which D.when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A.where B.to which C.which D.in which

7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A.where B.that C.which D.there 8.This is one of the best films _______.A.that have been shown this year B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year D.that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.about which you talked B.which you talked C.about that you talked D.that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which

11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A.whom B.who C.which D.that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D.with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A.who B.who's C.which D.whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A.all that B.all what C.that D.which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A.which B.who C.what D.as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A.who B.whom C.that D.as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A.that B.as C.whom D.what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A.I went with B.with whom I went C.with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read.A.the novels B.the such novels C.such novels D.same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A.which B.that C.whom D.what 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A.which B.that C.whom D.who

22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A.them B.which C.whom D.who

23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A.who;/ B./;whom C.whom;/ D./;who 24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A.whose title B.its title C.the title of it D.the title of that 25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A.for which B.for that C.in which D.what

26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A.that B.which C.as D.it 27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.on which;when 28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A.which B.whose C.what D./ 29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A.in which B.with which C.that D.for which 30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked B.which I have looked after C.that I have looked after D.I have looked after 31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A.why;that B.that;why C.for that;that D.for which;what

32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which

34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which

36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A.who B.which C.that D.it 37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A.that B.which C.from that D.from which 38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A.that B.which C.who D.as 39.You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A./ B.why C.when D.whose 40.Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A.that B.which C.it D.though 41.---Did you ask the guard _______ happened?---Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A.what;that B.what;what C.which;which D.that;that 42.I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.A.when;who B.that;which C.which;that D.when;which 43.The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A.owns;are B.owns;is C.own;is D.own;are 44.During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed 45.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn? A.that B./ C.which D.it 46.The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house.A.which;what B.through which;what C.through that;what D.what;that 47.Is _______ some German friends visited last week? A.this school B.this the school C.this school one D.this school where 48.John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A.as B.that C.what D.who 49.I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.A.none of them B.neither of them C.neither of which D.none of which 50.All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.A.are being B.has been C.had been D.have been 参考答案及解析

1.A.which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。

2．C.“和谁讲话”要说speak to sb.本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。

3.D.where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。4.C.when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

5．A.which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。6．C.解析同第5题。7.A.解析见第3题。

8.A.本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。

9.A.“谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。

10.A.with which是”介词+关系代词“结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有”用“的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that.with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.11.C.in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse.In front of which在从句中作状语.12.D.with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.13.D.whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.14.A.that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.15.D.the same……..as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语.16.D.such……… as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语.17.B.as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语.18.B.Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定语从句.with whom放在从句中为:I went to the concert with Li Ming.19.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用such a……..,本题中such books, such直接修饰复数名词.20.B.things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.21.D.who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.22.C.two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.23.D.先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.24.A.whose title引导非限制性定语从句,whose title也可以说成the title of which 25.A.for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for ”以……..而闻名".26.C.当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as.As在本从句中作主语.27.A.两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in(或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。

29.D.for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代.30.B.which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句.31.A.The reason why… was that….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有 “因为”的含义。

32.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.33.A.解释见28题.34.D.主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B.both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句.35.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语.36.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.37.D.38.D.解析见35题.39.A.he makes是定语从句, 从句前省略了关系代词that.40.B.which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句.41.A.what happened是宾语从句.all 之后that he knew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.42.D.years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句.43.C.本句话的定语从句是who own cars.其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是The number of指“…..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。44.D.that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。45.A.先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。

46.B.through which引导定语从句，through which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。

47.B.为便于理解，改写本句话：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week.不难看出，作表语的the school是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。48.A.解释见35题。

49.C.因为是two ballpens, 并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。

50.B.本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has been。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。