第一篇：【广东专用】2014届高考英语一轮复习课时作业(四十) [选修8 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors]
课时作业(四十)[选修8 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors]
(限时：30分钟)
Ⅰ.完形填空
The New York Times published an article recently that shows great regret for the “death of conversation”.It suggests that while technology such as cellphones, e-mails, and Internet posting toface conversation.Sherry Turkle, author of the article in The New York Times“alone together”． “real conversation”.Lan Guo, 19, a freshman English major from Changsha University, said that she would like to hear people's tone of voice and “The give and take of ideas in a conversation sharpens our minds.”she “I share, therefore I am” among this generation.Liu Xuan, a young writer from Taiwan and psychology graduate from Harvard University, thinks it's a mindset adopted by most young people.They are so busy creating or polishing their online persona(网络人格)that they forget how to live a(n)__11__ life.For example, They may __12__ more about blogging about attending a party rather than enjoying being there.，experts remind us that it's unfair to blame mobile technology.Chen Chen, a sociology expert at China Youth & Children Research Center, points out that it is still owners of gadgets, such as such as having eye contact.“Only by strengthening conversation can we understand each other.Simply throwing away the mobile gadgets is not a solution.”she said.1．A.receivedB．shared
C．connectedD．respected
2．A.havingB．risking
C．sacrificingD．sharing
3．A.relatedB．committed
C．devotedD．accustomed
4．A.sendingB．getting
C．readingD．taking
5．A.changeB．exchange
C．deliverD．raise
6．A.indicateB．replace
C．coverD．involve
7．A.conversationB．computer
C．partyD．Internet
8．A.abandoningB．joining
C．buryingD．attaching
9．A.interviewingB．introducing
C．knowingD．meeting
10．A.feelingB．concept
C．factD．truth
11．A.colorfulB．interesting
C．realD．meaningful
12．A.worryB．careC．askD．debate
13．A.ThereforeB．Altogether
C．InsteadD．However
14．A.informationB．space
C．contactD．management
15．A.approachB．source
C．resultD．excuse
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Edward Wilson is America's, if not the world's, leading naturalist.In The Future of Life, he takes us on a tour of the world's natural resources.How are they used? What has been lost? What remains and is it able to continue with the present speed of use? Wilson also points out the need to understand fully the biodiversity(生物多样性)of our earth.Wilson begins with an open letter to the pioneer in environment protection, Henry David
Thoreau.He compares today's Walden Pond with that of Thoreau's day.Wilson will use such
comparisons for the rest of the book.The problem is clear: man has done great damage to his home over the years.Can the Earth, with human help, be made to return to biodiversity levels that will be able to support us in the future?
Biodiversity, Wilson argues, is the key to settling many problems the Earth faces today.Even our agricultural crops can gain advantages from it.A mere hundred species(物种)are the basis of our food supply, of which but twenty carry the load.Wilson suggests changing this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of, which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.At the end of the book, Wilson discusses the importance of human values in considering the environment.If you are to continue to live on the Earth, you may as well read and act on the ideas in this book.16．What is the purpose of writing the book?
A．To call people on to protect the environment.B．To explore the nature.C．To make good use of the natural resources.D．To call on people to explore, make good use of and protect the Earth.17．We learn from the text that Wilson cares most about ________．
A．the environment for plants
B．the biodiversity of our earth
C．the waste of natural resources
D．the importance of human values
18．How many species are most important to our present food supply?
A．Twenty.B．Eighty.C．One hundred.D．Ten thousand.19．Wilson suggests that one way to keep biodiversity is to ________．
A．learn how to farm scientifically
B．build homes for some dying species
C．make it clear what to eat
D．use more species
20．We can infer that the text is ________．
A．a description of natural resources
B．a research report
C．a book review
D．an introduction to a scientist
B
“Beating is a sign of affection, cursing(骂)is a sign of love.”
Many may not expect to hear the words of the old Chinese saying in these modern times—with parents wealthier and better educated than they have ever been—but experts say they still ring true.Today, it seems, Chinese parents are more likely to send their children to pre-college military academies in the United States in the hope that some tough love will pave the way to success.“Good education doesn't mean letting your child enjoy privileges, especially our boys，” said Song Wenming, an entrepreneur(企业家)in Jinhua, East China's Zhejiang Province.“They should be raised in tough conditions to know what to fight for in the future.”
In August, Song sent his 17-year-old son to Valley Forge Military Academy(VFMA)in Statistics shows that an increasing number of Chinese students have been registering with such academies.A few years ago, there were no Chinese students at Valley Forge.Today, there are 28.“All of the Chinese students at Valley Forge came from wealthy families, some of them were spoiled，” said Jennifer Myers, director of marketing and communications at the school.Song's only son, Song Siyu, had a rocky start during his first six weeks at the school.The teenager said he went to the school voluntarily but did not expect it to be as difficult.Now, three months later，he has perfected the art of taking a bath in 35 seconds, finishing a meal without looking at his food, and making his bed with precision.He can even take criticism, no matter how unreasonable.“The training is hard but I know it is good for selfdevelopment of individuals，” said Song Siyu.“The endless training and scolding are just ways to build up our character, they are not personal.”
But his enthusiasm is not universal.Ten of the 13 Chinese students who joined the academy this year have transferred to other schools.But for those who stick with it, there is a reward for all the hard work.21．From the second paragraph, we can know the old Chinese saying ________．
A．is out of date in modern times
B．is disagreed by rich parents
C．is still worth trusting
D．is deeply believed by better educated parents
22．The underlined sentence means that ________.A．Song sent his only son to military school, so he feels lonely
B．Song is the only one who sends his child to military school
C．there are other people sending their children to military school besides Song
D．the fee of the military school is so high that only Song can afford it
23．Song Siyu got some achievements in the military school EXCEPT ________.A．taking a bath in a short time
B．having his meal with his eyes closed
C．taking unreasonable criticism
D．improving his character
24．How many Chinese students are there at Valley Forge before this year?
A．10.B．13.C．15.D．25.25．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A．It's likely that more and more Chinese students will attend VFMA.B．Most Chinese parents approve of educating their children by beating and cursing nowadays.C．Song Siyu had no difficulty in adjusting to the life at VFMA.D．Most Chinese students support the way of education at VFMA.课时作业(四十)
Ⅰ.《纽约时报》发表了一篇文章，解释了现在的手机、电子邮件和网上发帖等扼杀了人们真正交流对话的机会。
1．C 考查动词辨析。语境：科技，比如手机、电子邮件和网上发帖使我们感到联系得更多了。receive收到；share分享；connect保持通话，联系；respect尊敬。
2．C 考查动词辨析。根据前面的语境可知，人们进行交流，是通过手机、电子邮件和网上发帖，牺牲(sacrifice)了面对面的交流。risk冒险；share分享。
3．D 语境：人们习惯了(accustomed)一种不同的独处的方式。be accustomed to习惯于。be related to与„„有关系；be committed to致力于；be devoted to专心于。
4．A 语境题。从下文的text messages or writing microblogs看出，是发送(sending)信息。
5．B 考查动词辨析。语境：发送信息或者写博客允许我们相互交流(exchange)思想。change改变；deliver递送；raise提高。
6．B 考查动词辨析。语境：网上的零碎的交流是不能代替(replace)真正的交流的。indicate表明；cover采访，涉及；involve牵涉。
7．A 考查名词辨析。语境：在交流(conversation)时，她愿意听人们说话的声音，愿意看他们的面容。面对面的交流可以做到以上的事情。computer电脑；Internet网络。
8．C 考查动词辨析。语境：把自己掩埋(bury)在移动技术里减少我们与陌生人交流和见面的机会。abandon放弃；join加入；attach附属于。
9．D
10．B 考查名词辨析。语境：Turkle提到在这一代中流行的一种理念(concept)，“我分享了，我就存在了”。feeling感情；fact事实；truth真理。
11．C 考查形容词辨析。语境：他们忙于创新或打磨他们的网络人格以至于忘记了怎样过真正的(real)生活。colorful多彩的；interesting有趣的；meaningful有意义的。
12．B 语境：他们可能更多地关心(care about)写有关参加晚会的博客，而不是在那里享受。worry about担心。
13．D 从下文的experts remind us that it's unfair to blame mobile technology看出是转折关系，故用however(然而)。
14．C 语境：这些拥有手机和平板电脑的人是在避免个人接触(contact)。information信息；space空间；management管理。
15．D 语境：发信息或打电话作为避开与别人联系的借口(excuse)。approach方法；source来源；result结果。
Ⅱ.A
16．D 推理判断题。阅读全文可以得到答案为D。A、B和C概括都不全面。
17．B 推理判断题。由文章第一段可知，Edward Wilson的书The Future of Life不仅让我们对资源的利用有一个很好的了解，而且指出“我们有必要对地球的生物多样性有一个充分的了解”。第三段的Biodiversity, Wilson argues, is the key to settling many problems the Earth faces today.也说明了biodiversity是解决地球面临的许多问题的关键。故选B项。
18．A 细节理解题。从文章第三段的A mere hundred species are the basis of our food supply, of which but twenty carry the load.可知，供给我们食物的物种最重要的有20种。
19．D 细节理解题。从文章第三段的Wilson suggests changing this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of, which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.可知，Wilson建议保持地球生物多样性的方法之一就是寻求更多的可以利用的物种。
20．C 推理判断题。从文章开头的In The Future of Life, he takes us on a tour of the world's natural resources.及结尾处的At the end of the book, Wilson discusses the importance of human values„可知该文章是介绍一本书的内容。
B
尽管现在生活条件好了，作为父母也不应该太溺爱孩子，给孩子太舒服的生活环境，而应该让他们在艰苦的条件下锻炼自己，通过自己的努力获得成功。
21．C 细节理解题。根据全文和第二段的still ring true，可以推断出中国古代谚语在现代生活中还是经受得住考验、值得信赖的，所以C项最合适。
22．C 细节理解题。根据文中he is far from alone可以推断出去那个学校的不止Song的儿子，还有其他人，所以C项最合适。
23．B 细节理解题。A、C、D项在文中都有体现，只有B项与原文finishing a meal without looking at his food“不用看食物就能吃完饭”不符，所以选B。
24．D 推理判断题。根据文中Today, there are 28.和倒数第二段中Ten of the 13 Chinese students who joined the academy this year have transferred to other schools.可知，现在这个学校中有28个中国学生，而今年的13个中国学生中有10个已转走了，由此推断出以前这个学校有25个中国留学生，所以选D。
25．A 推理判断题。根据第六段和第七段中第一句及第二句可以推断出到VFMA上学的中国学生越来越多，所以选A。
第二篇：2018高考英语一轮复习构想Unit2Cloning课时作业
Unit 2 Cloning Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(2017·潍坊4月模拟)Every evening Sylvie left her grandmother's house at 530 to bring their cow home.The old animal spent her days out in the open country eating sweet grass.When the cow heard Sylvie's voice calling her, she would hide among the bushes, unwilling to go home.This evening it had taken Sylvie longer than usual to find her cow.The child hurried the cow through the dark forest, following a narrow path that led to her grandmother's home.“Hello, little girl，” a young man called out cheerfully.“I've been hunting for birds, but I've lost my way.” The young man explained he was a scientist, who searched for birds.“Do you put them in a cage？” Sylvie asked.“No，” he answered, “I shoot them and deal with them with special chemicals to preserve them.”
“I saw a white heron(苍鹭)not far from here two days ago.It's a very rare bird.Have you seen it, too？” he asked Sylvie.Sylvie's heart began to beat fast.She knew that strange white bird!The young man was staring at Sylvie.“I would give $10 to the person who showed me where the white heron is.”
Sylvie had a plan that she would get the $ 10 for her grandmother and make the young man happy.Her plan was to climb to the top of a tall pine tree to see where the white heron had hidden its nest.The pine tree seemed to grow taller, the higher that Sylvie climbed.Suddenly a bird with broad white wings flew past Sylvie and landed on a pine branch below her.The white heron sat on its nest in a nearby tree.Sylvie gave a long sigh.She knew the wild bird's secret now.Slowly she began her dangerous trip down the ancient pine tree.About an hour later Sylvie returned.Both her grandmother and the young man stood up as she came into the kitchen.The splendid moment to speak about her secret had come.But Sylvie was silent.She could not tell the heron's secret and give its life away.【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了小女孩Sylvie最终因为她的善良而没有把白苍鹭的栖息地告诉年轻的科学家的故事。
1．Where would Sylvie usually meet the cow every evening? A.In the open country.B.Among the forest.C.On a narrow path.D.In the bushes.答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据关键句可知，Sylvie是在灌木丛中遇到这头奶牛。故D项符合题意。
【关键句】When the cow heard Sylvie's voice calling her, she would hide among the bushes, unwilling to go home.(第一段最后一句)译文：当这头奶牛听见Sylvie叫她的声音时，她就会藏在灌木丛中，不愿意回家。2．What was the young scientist's job according to his introduction? A.Collecting birds.B.Raising birds.C.Observing birds.D.Protecting birds.答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据关键句可推知，这个年轻的科学家的工作可能是收集各种鸟类标本。故A项符合题意。
【关键句】．..I shoot them and deal with them with special chemicals to preserve them.(第三段最后一句)译文：„„我射杀它们，并用特殊的化学药剂来处理它们，目的是保存它们。3．What had Sylvie planned to do about the white bird? A.Make good friends with it.B.Prevent it from being caught.C.Find its nest but keep it secret.D.Find it for money and the man.答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据关键句可知，因为钱和这个年轻人，Sylvie想找到白苍鹭。故D项符合题意。
【关键句】Sylvie had a plan that she would get the $10 for her grandmother and make the young man happy.(第五段第一句)译文：Sylvie有了一个计划，她可以为她的祖母挣10美元并且还能使这个年轻人高兴。4．What saved the white bird's life at last? A.Grandmother's sympathy.B.The white bird's beauty.C.Sylvie's kindness.D.The young man's generosity.答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，当Sylvie找到白苍鹭的巢的位置，回到家之后，她决定不把这个秘密告诉这个年轻人，因为她不想白苍鹭丢掉性命。由此可推知，Sylvie是一个善良的小女孩。故C项符合题意。
【长难句分析】“I would give $10 to the person who showed me where the white heron is.”(第四段最后一句)分析：本句是一个复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the person，在从句中作主语；where引导宾语从句，作动词showed的宾语。
译文：“谁带我去找白苍鹭，我就给谁10美元。”
B(2017·福建省质量检查)When students read articles about scientific discovery, they learn what worked.Scientists present the methods that got the best result.They often show only the results that are significant and important.What they won't show are the mistakes or failures that came first.Yet sometimes those mistakes pointed the way to success.It can take a long time and many experiments to achieve scientific success.Robbin, 16, and Annabelle, 15, learned that while working this summer in a biochemistry lab at Stony Brook University in New York.What's more, they learned that failure is not necessarily something to fear.“I like the idea of scientific research，” says Robbin.It's the basis for “every lesson you learn in school and understanding everything you see in life”.This summer, Robbin has been working with Lauren, a chemistry student, who is making new drugs to fight harmful bacteria.At first, the tests made Robbin anxious.She worried that she might be making costly mistakes.But Lauren reassured her that finding out what doesn't work is“just part of the learning process”.With time, the teen got comfortable with the idea that every experiment wouldn't succeed.Annabelle also learned a lot about failure and success.She worked with graduate student Agnieszka Gil.“Sometimes I try something and it takes a while for the experiment to run.” This means that finding out whether Annabelle did something wrong can be a stressful waiting game, because “if you did something wrong you need to do it again”.But she's now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success.In science, figuring out why something failed is what may just put them on the road to success.【解题导语】 在阅读科学发现的文章时，人们往往对科学成就过度关心，其实科学成就往往是建立在无数次失败的基础之上的。Robbin和Annabelle在实验室里体会到了坦然接受实验失败的价值。
5．What impresses students most in articles about scientific discovery? A.Scientists' achievements.B.The reasons for success.C.The cause of mistakes.D.Stressful process of research.答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第一段的第一句“When students read articles about scientific discovery, they learn what worked”以及第二段的第一句“It can take a long time and many experiments to achieve scientific success”可知，学生在阅读科学发现的文章时，对科学成就的印象最为深刻，故A项正确。
6．What can we learn from the passage? A.Robbin is a graduate student.B.Lauren managed to make new drugs.C.Annabelle learns the value of patience.D.Agnieszka expected instant success.答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段的最后一句“But she's now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success”可知，Annabelle学会了耐心，不期望立即成功；据此可以判断，Annabelle知道了耐心的价值，故C项正确。
7．What did Robbin and Annabelle have in common in their experiments? A．They did their experiments independently.B．They realized not all experiments would succeed.C．They assisted graduate students to make new drugs.D．They made severe mistakes in the experiments.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第三段的最后一句“With time, the teen got comfortable with the idea that every experiment wouldn't succeed”可知，Robbin坦然接受了并不是每次实验都会成功的事实；根据第四段的最后一句“But she's now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success”可知，Annabelle学会了耐心，不期望立即成功；据此可知，Robbin和Annabelle的共同点是她们都意识到了不是每次实验都会成功，故B项正确。
8．What does the writer intend to tell us? A.The cause of making errors in science.B.The significance of scientific discovery.C.The importance of doing experiments.D.The correct attitudes towards failures.答案与解析：D 考查目的意图。通读全文可知，本文的主题句是文章最后一句“In science, figuring out why something failed is what may just put them on the road to success”；由此可知，探索科学世界，失败是成功之母；据此可以判断，本文旨在告诉人们对待失败的正确态度，故D项正确。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2017·河北石家庄考试)
How to Avoid an Internet Addiction
While it may seem like everyone surfs the web these days, there is a fine line between casually checking your social media pages and having a fullblown Internet addiction.If you fear that you may lose interest in other aspects of your life because you prefer to be on the Internet, you may be on your way to an Internet addiction.__1__ Admit you are at risk of an addiction.More and more people in the world are becoming addicted to the Internet.You are not the only one with this problem, and it is becoming more and more common and more and more wellknown.__2__ Set aside limited time for computer use.Make sure not to turn it on too many times a week.If you have a laptop, make sure to put it somewhere that you can remember but not somewhere that you see every day.Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it.__3__ If you have a desktop PC, try not to go near it or put something over it like a sheet.Call people instead of sending instant messages or texts.If you are free on weekends, call friends and ask them to go outside.This will distract you from the computer.__4__ Use an alarm clock or timer.Before using your computer, decide on a time limit such as 30 minutes.Set the clock or timer and make sure that you get off the computer when the time is up.Alternatively create a shutdown timer on your desktop.__5__ A.Make a small list of what you want to do within that time.B.When the computer is not looking at you, you are less likely to use it.C.This can be programmed to shut down your computer after the set time.D.Luckily, there are ways to avoid living your life in front of the computer.E.This will stop you from using the Internet so often or going on to another page.F.If you have a problem on weekdays, phone your friends or ask for help in person.G.Do not be embarrassed;find others with the same problem and help each other beat it.答案与解析 【文章大意】 网瘾会给人们的生活带来很大的影响，本文就如何避免网瘾提出了建议。1．D 上文谈到网瘾会导致你对生活的其他方面失去兴趣，下文的几条建议则是有关如何避免网瘾的，D项对全文起着承上启下的作用。
2．G 本段的主旨是“Admit you are at risk of an addiction”，再结合本段讲述的“越来越多的人有网瘾，这是一个普遍现象”可知，选G项“不要觉得不好意思，找到和你一样有网瘾的人，互相帮助去战胜网瘾”。
3．B 根据空前的“Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it”可知，作者建议你不用电脑时，把它合上，故选B项“看不到电脑时，你用它的可能性就小”。
4．F 本段的主题是“给朋友打电话而不是在网上发信息”，上文的“call friends and ask them to go outside”与F项中的“phone your friends or ask for help in person”，还有上文的“on weekends”与F项中的“on weekdays”前后呼应。
5．C 本段的主题是“Use an alarm clock or timer”，作者建议使用闹钟或定时器来限制上网的时间，空前的“shutdown timer”与C项中的“shut down your computer after the set time”相对应。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2017·石家庄模拟考试)Dogs are __1__ very popular pet.Most of them just live with their families.But some dogs have very special jobs __2__(do).A group of dogs __3__(know)as “Therapy Dogs”.These dogs are family pets with special training, __4__ allows them to go into public buildings and comfort people __5__ need.The dogs are trained to be calm and quiet.Loud noises and unfamiliar places don't frighten them.They enjoy spending time with people.Some therapy dogs go into places, such as hospitals and nursing homes.When the dogs visit the patients, the patients are cheered up.They have fun __6__(pet)the dogs and look forward to their visits.The dogs help to brighten their day.Therapy dogs can improve people's health as well.Studies show that when people pet animals, their blood __7__(press)and heart rates go down.They are calmer and __8__(they)mood improves.Other therapy dogs work in schools and libraries.They serve as warm and caring __9__(friend)to children, but they also do __10__(much).In one town in California, therapy dogs have become children's reading buddies.The dogs make a great audience.The children look forward to reading to the dogs, and the dogs love the attention.答案与解析
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了有着特殊用途的狗——治疗犬。它们能给病人带来心理上的安慰，能成为孩子的朋友。
1．a 考查冠词。依据本句中的“very popular pet”可知，此处应用不定冠词，表示泛指。
2．to do 考查固定用法。本句中应用不定式作后置定语，have sth.to do表示“要做某事”。
3．are known 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本句话缺少谓语动词，“a group of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数，dogs与know是动宾关系，此处描述的是一般情况，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。
4．which 考查定语从句。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为“special training”。
5．in 考查介词。由句意可知，这些治疗犬可以到公共场所安抚那些需要帮助的人。in need表示“在困难时，在危难之中”，为固定搭配。
6．petting 考查非谓语动词。have fun(in)doing sth.表示“做某事有乐趣”。7．pressure 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词，blood pressure表示“血压”。
8．their 考查代词。修饰名词mood要用形容词性物主代词，故用their。9．friends 考查名词的数。根据句子的主语They可知，此处用名词复数。
10．more 考查比较级。句中的but暗示这些狗对孩子来讲不仅仅是朋友，它们会做得更多。
第三篇：【广东专用】2014届高考英语一轮复习课时作业(十一) [必修3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world]
课时作业(十一)[必修3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world]
(限时：30分钟)
Ⅰ.完形填空 gifts for lack of money.I felt sad and thought，“What would I say when the other kids asked what I'd ？”Then，Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my ． 125 orphans(孤儿)at the Christmas party.For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies, each with a child's name.We wanted all of them to know they were ．came as I called out，“One, two, three.Open your presents！”As the children opened their packages, and it wasn't just about toys.It was a feeling—the feeling I knew from that Christmas so long ago when ．
1．A.sendingB．receiving
C．preferringD．organizing
2．A.persuadedB．prepared
C．gotD．expected
3．A.cared aboutB．settled down
C．showed upD．gave in
4．A.puzzledB．embarrassed
C．worriedD．stubborn
5．A.presentB．firstC．recentD．late
6．A.hardlyB．suddenlyC．regularlyD．finally
7．A.scheduleB．attitude
C．importanceD．safety
8．A.knowB．reach
C．rememberD．transport
9．A.made upB．caught up
C．came upD．gave up
10．A.reliableB．specialC．helpfulD．fond
11．A.remindedB．waited
C．organizedD．promised
12．A.chanceB．giftC．momentD．fare
13．A.litB．tookC．burnedD．cheered
14．A.altitudeB．insurance
C．calmnessD．joy
15．A.matterB．wonder
C．determineD．dream
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
One summer my friend and I decided to go to Italy for a holiday and we decided to travel there without going through a travel agency.You know, you would be submerged(淹没)in crowds of tourists and lose lots of opportunities to get familiar with the country more closely.We started to think over our trip and managed to come up with a free tour of Italy.The trip was not very long but it was still very impressive.We look forward to going there again!Of course, we spent lots of time arranging the trip, but it was well worth it!Of course I was afraid that something would go wrong and I was especially anxious about my visa, but everything went quite smoothly in the end.The most difficult part was getting a visa without an invitation.In the Italian consulate(领事馆), one must hand in some official paper proving that one has a hotel booked for oneself in order to get the visa.Then we had to solve the ticket problem.Airlines often sell cheap tickets and we bought ours far in advance.The next step was to book a hotel.We finally booked a hotel about 30 km away from the heart of Rome and it was the perfect choice for our trip.Every day we took a train that carried us to the heart of Rome.Our big house, which was
surrounded by the forest, was a rare place for the fresh air and absolute silence, beautiful views,hospitable(好客的)hosts, comfortable living conditions delighted us to no end.Besides this, we were very lucky that our mistress was Russian.She gave us a lot of advice that was of great use.She told us what transport to choose and where the best places to go.Don't be afraid to arrange your trip by yourself.It's not difficult!The only thing I'll say right now is that we really enjoyed travelling by ourselves.We walked with a map and a guide-book to wherever we wanted and we even met some of our fellow countrymen on the way just two or three times.So, if you're also planning a “single” trip, don't forget to take a RussianItalian phrasebook as people in Italy prefer to speak in their native tongue.16．Why does the author want to go to Italy again?
A．He had a great time there.B．Italy has a lot of attractions.C．His friend invited him there.D．He didn't stay in Italy long enough.17．What does the author think was the hardest in preparing for his Italian trip?
A．Buying cheap airline tickets to Italy before the travelling.B．Getting a visa without an invitation from the Italian consulate.C．Booking a comfortable hotel on his own in Rome.D．Solving the ticket problem far in advance.18．In the fourth paragraph the author mainly explains________.A．the reason why he chose to live in the center of Rome
B．the reason why the hotel he booked was the right choice
C．what transport they chose to travel in their Italian trip
D．the reason why the mistress gave them some advice
19．Which of the following questions has NOT been answered in the passage?
A．Why did the author decide to go to Italy for a holiday for the first time?
B．Why did the author decide not to follow a travel agency?
C．How did the author prepare for his trip?
D．What tools did the author use for his travelling?
20．From the text we can know the author________.A．enjoys travelling everywhere in the world
B．likes being accompanied by tour guides
C．advises us to arrange trips by ourselves
D．met with a lot of his countrymen in Italy
B
Carbon monoxide(一氧化碳)poisoning kills and injures many people and animals around the world.The gas has been a problem since people first began burning fuels to cook food or to create heat.It is a problem in all parts of the world that experience cold weather.Carbon monoxide is called the silent killer because people do not know it is in the air.The gas has no color.It has no taste.It has no smell.It does not cause burning eyes.And it does not cause people to cough.But it is very deadly.It robs the body of its ability to use oxygen.Carbon monoxide decreases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues.It does this by linking with the blood.When the gas links with the blood, the blood is no longer able to carry oxygen to the tissues that need it.Damage to the body can begin very quickly from large amounts of carbon monoxide.How
quickly this happens depends on the length of time a person is breathing the gas and the amount of the gas he or she breathes in.Carbon monoxide poisoning has warning signs.But people have to be awake to recognize them.Small amounts of the gas will cause a person's head to hurt.He or she may begin to feel tired.The person may feel sick.The room may appear to be turning around.The person may have trouble
thinking clearly.People develop severe head pain as the amount of gas continues to enter their blood.They will begin to feel very tired and sleepy.They may have terrible stomach pains.Medical experts say carbon monoxide affects people differently.For example, a small child will experience health problems or die much quicker than an adult will.The general health of the person or his or her age can also be important.An older adult with health problems may suffer the effects of carbon monoxide more quickly than a younger person with no health problems.People with heart disease may suffer chest pains.They may begin to have trouble breathing.21．Why is carbon monoxide called the silent killer?
A．Because it tastes and smells good.B．Because it is not easily noticed.C．Because it kills and injures people.D．Because it always harm people.22．How does carbon monoxide harm people?
A．It makes people's blood unable to move.B．It decreases the amount of blood in the body.C．It makes body tissues full of blood.D．It makes the blood less able to carry oxygen.23．When people breathe in small amounts of the gas, they may ________.A．feel a little dizzy
B．suffer a severe headache
C．go around in the room
D．have a terrible stomachache
24．Which of the following about carbon monoxide poisoning is TRUE?
A．Adults are affected more seriously than children.B．Young people are more severely affected than old people.C．People in poor health may have more severe consequences.D．People with heart problem only suffer from chest pains.25．The purpose of the passage is to ________.A．warn people not to burn fuels to keep warm in the winter
B．list the damages that carbon monoxide brings to people
C．give advice on how to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning
D．introduce some knowledge about carbon monoxide poisoning
课时作业(十一)
Ⅰ.1.B 由上下文可知，还是小孩子的“我”，在圣诞节来临时应该是收到礼物。
2．C 联系上下文，此处表达的意思是别人问“我”收到了什么礼物。
3．C show up出现。
4．B 有了礼物在学校就不会感到难堪了。
5．B 联系上下文，提到new house，选择first。
6．B 联系上下文，可了解作者当时那种激动的心情，所以应该是突然她想到了那件让她难忘的事情。
7．C 根据第一段中描述那次圣诞节礼物给作者的感受和作者此刻的心情，她认为送圣诞节礼物让孩子们感到自己的重要性。
8．B 此处表示“够得着，能联系上”。不能选择A，因为作者不可能认识很多孩子。
9．C 从上一段可以推断，是“我”想出了(came up with)一个计划。
10．B 每个人都有属于自己的礼物，所以作者的意思是给孩子们启示：每个人都是特殊的，独一无二的。
11．A 从下文的One, two, three.Open your presents！可知，在分发礼物时，“我”提醒每个人开始不要打开礼物。
12．C 根据下文的意思，此处表示大家等待的拆礼物的时刻到来了。
13．A 根据文章上下文可知，他们灿烂的笑容照亮了整个房间。
14．D 联系上下文，分析四个选项的意思，此处表示“欢乐”。
15．A 此处必须联系上下文。句意：我知道我重要。
Ⅱ.A
本文是一篇游记，讲述了作者和朋友的意大利之行。文章介绍了旅游前的准备工作，如自己取得签证，还有意大利的住宿条件，突出了自己策划意大利之游的优点以及感受。
16．A 推理判断题。根据第二段The trip was not very long but it was still very impressive.We look forward to going there again！并结合第四段的内容以及最后一段中的The only thing I'll say right now is that we really enjoyed travelling by ourselves.可知，意大利之行他们玩得很尽兴，给他们留下了深刻的印象，所以想再去意大利，因此选A。
17．B 细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句The most difficult part was getting a visa without an invitation.可知，最难的事情是在没有邀请函的情况下向意大利大使馆申请签证，因此选B。
A、C和D虽然文中都涉及了，但是都不符合题意。
18．B 段落大意题。根据第四段对旅馆周围环境、交通情况以及该旅馆的介绍可知，作者在第四段主要讲对旅馆满意的原因。
19．A 细节理解题。文章第一段第二句讲述了他们不愿意随旅行社出游的原因，B项提到了；文章第二、三两段讲述作者怎么去准备他的出行的，所以C项提到了；根据最后一段的We walked with a map and a guide-book to wherever we wanted„可知D项提到了。纵观全文，作者并没有提到他首次去意大利旅游的原因。
20．C 推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段及最后一段的Don't be afraid to arrange your trip by yourself.可以推断出应该选择C。其余选项没有依据。
B
这是一篇科普类的文章。文章向我们介绍了一氧化碳的特性以及伤害人的原理及症状。
21．B 细节理解题。题干关键词为called the silent killer。由文章第二段的 The gas has no color.It has no taste.It has no smell.It does not cause burning eyes.And it does not cause people to cough.可以看出，一氧化碳无色、无味、不刺激眼睛，也不会让人咳嗽，也就是说它不容易被人发觉。故选B。
22．D 细节理解题。由第三段的Carbon monoxide decreases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues.可以看出，一氧化碳伤害人体的方式是：降低血液携带氧的能力。
23．A 细节理解题。倒数第二段向我们描述了人体吸入一氧化碳时的反应：吸入少量时，Small amounts of the gas will cause a person's head to hurt.He or she may begin to feel tired.The person may feel sick.The room may appear to be turning around.The person may have trouble thinking clearly.只有A项所说的feel a little dizzy对应The room may appear to be turning around.。
24．C 细节理解题。最后一段讲述了不同的人以及不同状况的人吸入一氧化碳后的反
应，老人等身体健康状况欠佳的人所受的影响会更大。注意，D项干扰性最大，但是suffer from chest pains只是症状之一，而不是唯一的症状。
25．D 推理判断题。纵观全文可以看出，文章向我们介绍了一氧化碳的特性以及它使人中毒的原理以及中毒后人体的反应。故D项符合。
第四篇：【广东专用】2014届高考英语一轮复习课时作业(一) Unit1 Friendship 新人教版必修1
课时作业(一)[必修1 Unit 1 Friendship]
(限时：30分钟)
Ⅰ.完形填空 This is a true story.Recently, one of my best friends, whom I've __1__
happiness and sorrow with since the first day of kindergarten spent the weekend with me.Over the weekend, we __2__ hours and hours talking and stayed up late into the night.She started telling me stories about her new boyfriend, about how he took drugs and was into other selfdestructive behavior.She told me how she had been __3__ to her parents about going out to see that guy.Because her parents didn't want her to be around him, she had to make up excuses every time she saw him.I couldn't believe that she really thought it was __4__ to wander around with her boyfriend.I tried to explain to her that she was destroying her __5__ and would get into big __6__.But she didn't listen to me at all and was angry about my __7__ towards her boyfriend.I had come __8__ to telling her several times that we had just grown too far to keep our friendship.But I didn't.After she left, I was really __9__ about her and our friendship.But I thought we'd been __10__ for too long.I __11__ that she would value me enough to know that I was trying to __12__ her from hurting herself.I was sure that our __13__ could conquer anything.A few days later, she called to say that she had __14__ long and hard about our talk, and then she told me that she had __15__ up with her boyfriend.I just listened on the other end of the phone with tears of joys running down my face.Never had I been so proud of a friend in my life.1．A.arguedB．cared
C．metD．shared
2．A.tookB．paid
C．spentD．cost
3．A.tellingB．lying
C．speakingD．arguing
4．A.normalB．natural
C．commonD．acceptable
5．A.parentsB．boyfriend
C．futureD．work
6．A.troubleB．danger
C．problemD．difficulty
7．A.adviceB．view
C．wordsD．attitude
8．A.nearlyB．directly
C．closeD．straight
9．A.caredB．missed
C．huntedD．concerned
10．A.friendsB．sisters
C．classmatesD．workmates
11．A.wantedB．thought
C．believedD．hoped
12．A.huntB．save
C．solveD．hate
13．A.conversationB．stories
C．happinessD．friendship
14．A.thoughtB．hoped
C．wantedD．left
15．A.keptB．taken
C．brokenD．brought
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
My hate for my mother caused me a lot of years of pain, but I finally realized that I was not hurting her.I was hurting myself and I was in bondage to her because I held her in my heart full of hate.God set me free from this when I forgave her.A couple of years ago I came face to face with my mother at my
grandmother's funeral.I told her about the changes in my life and I told her that I forgave her.I was able to tell her that I loved her.I am still separated from my oldest daughter, but she knows that I love her and that I made some wrong
choices.I am now raising three of my own children and my sister's child.When I look into the eyes of my sister's baby—who is now the same age as my oldest child was when I left her—I can see myself at that age.I know that Jesus forgives, as I am allowed to be the mother I never knew.Take a look at your life.There are things we dream of doing one day;there are things we wish we could forget.In the Bible, it says that Jesus came to make all things new.What would your life look like if you could start over with a clean slate?
Live with hope.If you are looking for peace, there is a way to balance your life.No one can be perfect, or have a perfect life.But every one of us has the opportunity to experience perfect grace through a personal relationship with God through his son, Jesus Christ.You can receive Christ right now by faith through prayer.Praying is simply talking to God.God knows your heart and is not so concerned with your words as he is with the attitude of your heart.Jesus Christ will come into your life, just as he promised.As you learn more about your relationship with God, and how much he loves you, you'll experience life to the fullest.16．From Paragraph 1, we can infer that ________．
A．the author still lives with her mother
B．the author has three children but the oldest one does not live with her
C．when staying with her sister's baby, the author can't help recalling her old days
D．the author will never be forgiven by her mother
17．From the passage, we know the author was hurting herself because
________．
A．she couldn't forgive herself for making so many mistakes
B．she is separated from her oldest daughter
C．she hasn't any belief in her life
D．she couldn't get rid of the hate for her mother
18．According to the author, which one is NOT true?
A．Not all of us can experience a perfect life.B．There are various situations in life.C．When we pray, God cares more about our attitude than our words.D．We should be grateful to God for his help.19．In writing this passage, the author intends to ________．
A．tell us a story about her and her children
B．show her regret to her mother
C．tell us religious belief is a cure for bad feelings in life
D．explain why she forgave her mother
20．The best title for the passage might/would be “________”．
A．Forgiveness is a virtue
B．How to live a perfect life
C．The right attitude towards our life
D．God is always with us
B[2012·广东卷]
I was blind, but I was ashamed of it if it was known.I refused to use a white stick and hated asking for help.After all, I was a teenage girl, and I couldn't bear people to look at me and think I was not like them.I must have been a terrible danger on the roads.Coming across me wandering through the traffic, motorists probably would have to step rapidly on their brakes.Apart from that, there were all sorts of disasters that used to occur on the way to and from work.One evening, I got off the bus about halfway home where I had to change buses, and as usual I ran into something.“I’m awfully sorry，”I said and stepped forward only to run into it again.When it happened a third time, I realized I had been apologizing to a lamppost.This was just one of the stupid things that constantly happened to me.So I carried on and found the bus stop, which was a request stop, where the bus wouldn't stop unless passengers wanted to get on or off.No one else was there and I had to try to guess if the bus had arrived.Generally in this situation, because I hated showing I was blind by asking for help, I tried to guess at the sound.Sometimes I would stop a big lorry and stand there feeling stupid as it drew away.In the end, I usually managed to swallow my pride and ask someone at the stop for help.But on this particular evening no one joined me at the stop;it seemed that everyone had suddenly decided not to travel by bus.Of course I heard plenty of buses pass, or I thought I did.But because I had given up stopping them for fear of making a fool of myself, I let them all go by.I stood there alone for half an hour without stopping one.Then I gaveup.I decided to walk on to the next stop.21.Thegirl refused to ask for help because she thought ________．
A．she might be recognized
B．asking for help looked silly
C．she was normal and independent
D．being found blind was embarrassing
22.After the girl got off the bus that evening, she ________．
A．began to run
B．hit a person as usual
C．hit a lamppost by accident
D．was caught by something
23.At the request stop that evening, the girl ________．
A．stopped a big lorry
B．stopped the wrong bus
C．made no attempt to stop the bus
D．was not noticed by other people
24.What was the problem with guessing at the sound to stop a bus?
A．Other vehicles also stopped there.B．It was unreliable for making judgments.C．More lorries than buses responded to the girl.D．It took too much time for the girl to catch the bus.25.Finally the girl decided to walk to the next stop, hoping ________．
A．to find people there
B．to find more buses there
C．to find the bus by herself there
D．to find people more helpful there
课时作业(一)
Ⅰ.友情可贵，但到底什么样的友谊才是真正的友谊？当朋友执迷不悟时，你能晓之以理，动之以情，忍受误会，坚持下去，使朋友悬崖勒马，那才是真正的友谊。
1．D 根据句中one of my best friends和happiness and sorrow及with可推断出正确答案为D，表示“能够分享快乐和悲伤的好朋友”；share sth with sb意为“与某人分享某物(事)”。
2．C 根据句中的talking一词可判断此句应用句型sb spend(s)some time(in)doing sth“某人花时间做某事”。
3．B 由下文中提到的她父母不同意她和男友的交往可知，她想要会见男友，只能向父母撒谎；lie to sb about sth“就某事向某人撒谎”。
4．D 按照常理，她和这样一个吸毒男友的交往是一件不正常、不自然的事情，但是作者的朋友仍然不顾一切地要和男友在一起，因此在她看来，这件事对于她自己来说是可以接受的。句意为：我无法相信她真的认为和这样的男朋友继续交往是可以接受的。
5．C 结合上题解析，作者极力劝阻朋友和其男友交往，所以作者认为她的朋友是自毁前程，让她自己陷入麻烦之中，故本题正确答案为C。
6．A 根据上一题的解析和destroying一词可知答案为A。get into trouble“陷入困境”。
7．D attitude towards sb“对某人的态度”。
8．C come close to doing 表示“差一点做某事”。全句意思是“我有好几次差点告诉她我们的观点相差太远，以至于我们无法维系我们的友谊。”
9．D 由上下文可知作者担心她朋友的前途和她们之间的友谊，故正确答案为D, be concerned about sth表示“为某事担心”。
10．A 根据文章第一段的第二句可知“我们已经是很久的朋友了”。
11．C 作为朋友，“我”相信她一定会珍视“我”(及“我”的建议)。
12．B 根据下文的from hurting herself，可知“我是在尽力挽救她不要伤害到她自己”。
13．D 由下文可推断出作者此处表达的意思是“我相信我们之间的友谊会战胜一切”。
14．A think about our talk表示“思考我们的谈话”。
15．C break up with sb 表示“与某人分手(绝交)”。
Ⅱ.A
我们的生活每天都不一样，不应该带有仇恨地去生活，而应该把上帝装在心中，放下仇恨，宽容自己，宽容别人，这样才能生活得更美好。
16．C 推理判断题。根据文中第一段后半部分可知，当作者看到自己姐姐家孩子的眼睛时，就会想起和她一样大时的自己，推出当作者和姐姐孩子一起时，就会禁不住回忆起她的当年，故选C项。
17．D 细节理解题。根据文中第一段第二句可知“我”伤害“我”自己并束缚着自己，因为“我”心里充满了对母亲的憎恨，故选D项，因为她不能消除对母亲的憎恨。
18．A 细节理解题。根据文中倒数第三段中“No one can be perfect, or have a
perfect life.”，可知没有人能有绝对完美的生活，A选项中“Not all of us”与文中原意不符。
19．C 推理判断题。文中通过自己憎恨母亲到慢慢原谅母亲逐步切入主题：没有人能过绝对完美的生活，我们只有改变态度，寻求上帝的帮助才能改变生活，推出选C。
20．D 推理判断题。文章一开始讲了“我”对母亲的憎恨，后来慢慢原谅了母亲，然后开始点题讲述上帝在我们生活中的作用，所以D项最合适。
B
这是一篇记叙文。表达盲人的生活观。文章记叙了作者身为盲人，而不愿意让别人知道，还不愿意向别人求助的事情。作者等公共汽车的事情使她体会到了有的时候还是需要别人的帮助的。
21.D 细节理解题。由本文第一句(I was blind, but I was ashamed of it if it was known.)可知。
22.C 细节理解题。由第二段前三句，特别是第三句(When it happened a third time, I realized I had been apologizing to a lamppost.)可知。
23.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，作者害怕拦不到车使自己难堪，所以放弃拦车。故选C。
24.B 推理判断题。根据第三段I tried to guess at the sound.Sometimes I would stop a big lorry and stand there feeling stupid as it drew away.和第四段的But because I had given up stopping them for fear of making a fool of myself, I let them all go by.看出根据声音来判断车辆是不可靠的。故选B。
25.A 推理判断题。从第四段I had given up stopping them for fear of making a fool of myself可知，她本人不想拦车了，又由第三段managed to swallow my pride and ask someone at the stop for help可知，她是决定找人帮忙了，而在本站没有人，去下一站当然就是希望在那里可以找到人帮忙。
第五篇：2012年高考一轮复习课时作业2-7
课时作业(十)
一、选择题
1．下列大小关系正确的是()
A．0.43<30.4 C．log40.3<0.43<30.4 答案 C 解析 ∵log40.3<0,0<0.43<1,30.4>1，∴选C.2．(2010·浙江卷)已知函数f(x)＝log2(x＋1)，若f(α)＝1，则α＝() A．0 C．2 答案 B 解析 依题意知log2(α＋1)＝1，则α＋1＝2，故α＝1.ππ3．(2011·厦门一模)log2sin＋log2cos的值为()1212 A．－4 C．－2 答案 C 解析 log2sinππππ1π1＋log2cos＝log2sin＝log2sinlog2＝－2，故选C.12121212264B．4 D．2 B．1 D．3 B．0.43 4．(09·全国Ⅱ)设a＝log3π，b＝log3，c＝log2，则() A．a＞b＞c C．b＞a＞c 答案 A 13b22 3＜log22＝1，∴a＞b，又＝(log23)2＞1，c1223B．a＞c＞b D．b＞c＞a 解析 ∵a＝log3π＞log33＝1，b＝log2 ∴b＞c，故a＞b＞c，选A.5．设logbN＜logaN＜0，N＞1，且a＋b＝1，则必有() A．1＜a＜b C．1＜b＜a 答案 B 解析 0＞logaN＞logbN⇒logNb＞logNa，∴a＜b＜1 16．0＜a＜1，不等式1的解是()logax A．x＞aB．a＜x＜1 B．a＜b＜1 D．b＜a＜1 C．x＞1答案 B 解析 易得0＜logax＜1，∴a＜x＜1 7．下列四个数中最大的是()A．(ln 2)2C．2答案 D 解析 0 ln2＝2 D．0＜x＜a B．ln(ln2)D．ln 2 8．(2011·江南十校联考)已知实数a，b满足log＝log，给出五个关系式：①a>b>1，23②0 A．1个C．3个答案 B 解析 当a＝b＝1时，显然满足题意．故⑤a＝b有可能成立；当a≠1且b≠1时，根1211lgalgb111111 据loga＝logb得＝，因此lga＝lgb＝(log)lgb.因为log 23111323233 lglg233 lg 0 二、填空题 9．若xlog32＝1，则4x＋4x＝________.－ B．2个 D．4个 答案 11－－ ＝log23，所以4x＋4x＝22x＋22x＝22log23＋2－2log23＝9＋＝log329 解析 由已知得x＝82 10．若loga(a2＋1)＜loga2a＜0，则实数a的取值范围是__________． 解析 ∵a2＋1＞1, loga(a2＋1)＜0，∴0＜a＜1.1 又loga2a＜0，∴2a＞1，∴a21 ∴实数a的取值范围是(，1) 11．若正整数m满足10m1＜2512＜10m，则m＝__________.(lg2≈0.3010) － 答案 15 5解析 由10m1＜2512＜10m得 － m－1＜512lg2＜m∴m－1＜154.12＜m ∴m＝155 12．(09·辽宁)已知函数f(x)满足：当x≥4时，f(x)＝()x；当x<4时，f(x)＝f(x＋1)．则 2f(2＋log23)＝________.答案 4解析 由于1 211111111()3232－log23＝·2log2＝＝228838324 log24－x，x≤0 13．(09·山东)定义在R上的函数f(x)满足f(x)＝，则f(3)的值为 fx－1－fx－2，x>0 ________． 答案 －2 解析 由题知，f(3)＝f(2)－f(1)，f(2)＝f(1)－f(0)，则f(3)＝－f(0)＝－2.三、解答题 14．(2010·辽宁卷改编)设2a＝5b＝m＋2，求m的值． ab答案 解析 a＝log2 m，b＝log5 m，代入已知，得logm 2＋logm 5＝2，即logm 10＝2，所以m＝10.1－x 15．已知函数f(x)＝－x＋log2.1＋x 1111 (1)求f()＋f(－)＋f)＋f(的值． ***8 (2)若x∈[－a，a](其中a∈(0,1))，试判断函数f(x)是否存在最大值或最小值？ 答案(1)0 (2)有最小值f(a)＝－a＋log2 1－a1＋a f(－a)＝a＋log21＋a1－a 1－x 解析(1)得函数的定义域是(－1,1)，1＋x1＋x1－x 又f(－x)＋f(x)＝log2＋log2log21＝0，1－x1＋x∴f(－x)＝－f(x)成立，∴函数f(x)是奇函数，11 ∴f(－)＋f(＝0，20072007 f(－ 11)＋f(＝0，20082008 1111∴f(－)＋f(－)＋f()＋f()＝0.***8(2)f(x)＝－x＋log2(1－x)－log2(1＋x)，－11∴f′(x)＝－1＋<0，1－xln21＋xln2有最小值f(a)＝－a＋log2 1－a1＋a，有最大值为f(－a)＝a＋log21＋a1－a 评析 本题可以运用单调函数的定义域来证明函数单调递减，但相对来说，在许多情况下应用导数证明函数的单调性比运用定义证明函数的单调性，运算量小得多． 11－ax 16．设f(x)＝loga为常数． 2x－1(1)求a的值； (2)证明f(x)在区间(1，＋∞)内单调递增； (3)若对于区间[3,4]上的每一个x的值，不等式f(x)>()x＋m恒成立，求实数m的取值范 2围． 解析(1)∵f(x)是奇函数，∴f(－x)＝－f(x)，11＋ax11－ax即loglog 2－1－x2x－1 1＋axx－111＋ax1x－1即loglog，∴＝，2－x－121－ax－x－11－ax化简整理得(a2－1)x2＝0，∴a2－1＝0，a＝±1，经检验a＝－1，f(x)是奇函数，∴a＝－1.1x＋1(2)证明 由(1)得f(x)＝log，2x－1设1 x＋1x＋12x－x >0，x1－1x2－1x1－1x2－1x1＋1x2＋1 >，x1－1x2－1 1x1＋11x2＋1 从而logf(x1) (3)原不等式可化为f(x)－x>m，令φ(x)＝f(x)－)x，则φ(x)>m对于区间[3,4]上的每一个x都成立等价于φ(x)在[3,4]上的最小值大于m.∵φ(x)在[3,4]上为增函数，∴当x＝3时，φ(x)取得最小值，13＋11399log－m<－.23－1288
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