英语二级作文

第一篇：英语二级作文

Task 1

说明：以学生会的名义于 2002 年 6 月 10 日写一张演讲会的通知。

演讲人：著名教授 John Smith 先生 时间：下周五晚上 7 点 地点：报告厅 主题：世界经济发展与中国加入 WTO 后中国轻工业的未来 领票时间及地点：每晚 7 点至 9 点在 5 号楼 601 房间 负责人：李明

Notice Lecture

on Global

Economic Development and the Future of Chinese Light Industry after China’s Entering WTO Speaker: Professor John Smith

Time: 7 P.M.next Friday

Place: Lecture Hall

Every night between 7 o’clock and 9 o’clock, you can get the ticket in Room 601, Building No.5.Li Ming is in charge of this.Task 2 请代 ABC 公司人事部经理陈放写一封邀请信 — 邀请 Mr.Joe 参加 ABC 主席公司主席张翼 的退休欢送会。请发挥想象，在信中简单介绍张翼的业绩。时间：10 月 20 号下午 2 点到 5 点 地点：希尔顿酒店

Oct.13th, 2002

Dear Mr.Joe,On Oct.20, we will host an evening of celebration in honor of the retirement of Mr.Zhang Yi, President of ABC Company.You are cordially invited to attend the celebration at Hilton Hotel, from 2 to 5 p.m.Mr.Zhang has been the President of ABC Company since 1995.During this period, ABC expanded its business from industry to estate.Now it’s our opportunity to thank him for his years of exemplary leadership and wish him well for a happy retirement.Please join us to say good-bye to Mr.Zhang.See you on 20th.Yours sincerely,Chen Fang Personnel Dep.Task 3 重庆八达公司的杨新在 HOPE 杂志上看到一篇 Kevin& Son’s 公司招聘销售人员的广告，公司地址是：No.542 Overbook Road, Bloomfield Hills, MI 48002, 他想应聘这个职位。请代 他写一封求职信。

Chongqing Bada Co.Chongqing 400000

April 7, 2005

Kevin& Son’s

No.542 Overbook Road Bloomfield Hills, MI 48002

Dear Sir,The sales job which you describe in your advertisement in the HOPE is one for which I think I can show you some excellent qualifications.In the past five years, I’ve turned in an above average sale record since entering the sales field.While I’m quite happy in my present work, the description of your job sounds even more appealing.I would enjoy discussion my qualifications with you at your convenience.My telephone number is 023-68124137, and you can call me every day after 6 p.m.Sincerely yours,Yang Xin T

ask 4 请根据以下内容提示，代英语系办公室秘书在系公用邮箱里发一份电子邮件。发件人：英语系办公室 收件人：英语系全体学生 邮件主题：英语演讲比赛 内容：定于 6 月 5 日，星期三下午两点举行第 5 届大学生英语比赛，有意者于每晚 6：00 至 8：00 到外语

系办公室报名。截止日期：2005 年 6 月 1 日。

To: All the students of English Department

From: English Department Office

Subject: 5th English Spoken Contest

The Fifth English Spoken Contest will be held on Wednesday afternoon, 5th, June.Anyone who would like to take part in should sign up at the Foreign Department Office between 6:00 and 8:00 any evening this week.This deadline for sign-up is June 1.Task 5 请代王品向其公伙伴司的合作发出国庆的祝贺。内容如下： 值此贵国国庆五十周年之际，请接受我们最真诚的祝贺。愿贵我公司之间的贸易联系持续发

展。

October 15, 2003

Dear Mr.Smith,On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of your National Day, please accept our heartiest congratulations.May the trade connections between our companies continue to develop with each passing day!

Yours faithfully,Wang Pin

Task 6 假定你叫刘敏，上周去成都出差时在一家商店买了一双皮鞋。回家后没几天皮鞋就退色，因 此非常恼火。今天（五月二十三日）给该店写信投诉，并寄回皮鞋，要求换一双好的并尽快 寄来。

Words for reference:

出差 be on business

皮鞋 leather shoes

退色 fade

May 23, 2005 To whom it may concern: I am writing this letter to complain of a pair of leather shoes which I bought in your shop last week when I was in Chengdu on business.Several days later, after I returned home, however, I found the color of the shoes faded.I felt very upset.Now I send you the pair of shoes with this letter and strongly wish that you should change a perfect pair and send them to me as soon as possible.Yours truly,Liu Min Task 7

写信人：王伟 写信时间：2005 年 6 月 10 日 内容：

1.毕业以后已几年不见，很是想念。

2.邀请你的老朋友李华在暑假期间来自己的家乡玩。

3.活动安排：去游览长城、故宫、颐和园、去野餐等

4.请他回信告知能否来，以及来的日期、时间等以便去接他。

Words for reference:

长城： the Great Wall

故宫： the Imperial Palace

颐和园：the Summer Palace

June 10, 2005

Dear Li Hua, How time flies!We haven’t seen each other for several years since we graduated.I miss you very much.I would like to invite you to come to my hometown during your summer

vacation.We shall

go and visit the Great Wall, the Imperial Palace and the Summer Palace.If you like, we can go camping to the small woods.I think we will have a good time.Please write to tell me whether you can come or not and the exact date before

第二篇：英语二级作文1

高等学校英语应用能力考试 B 级作文例文

（一）请假条

说明：假如你是王琳，因为骑车不小心摔倒，导致腿部受伤，需向班主任张老师 请三天假。请写一则请假条，内容包括： 1）请假原因； 2）请假日期：4 月 8-10 日； 3）落下的功课会在返校后补上； 4）希望班主任准假。●审题概述● 请假条一般由四部分组成：时间、称呼、正文和签名。请假条的写作应注意开门 见山、内容简短、用词通俗易懂。●范文●

April 8, 2011

Dear Miss Zhang,I am truly sorry that I can’t go to school today.Yesterday on my way home, I fell off the bicycle and hurt my leg.Luckily, I wasn’t badly hurt, and the doctor advised me to stay in bed and have a good rest.So I ask for three-day leave from April 8 to 10.I’ll catch up with others when I am back to school.Truly yours,Wang Lin

（二）根据下列信息拟一封邀请信和一封回信

邀请信（Letter 1）：

1）发信人：Sharon 2）收信人：Tracy 3）发信日期：2011 年 3 月 15 日 4）内容：Sharon 和 Tracy 是大学同学，毕业后两年未见。现 Sharon 得知 Tracy 要到南京出差，特邀一聚，Sharon 将同 Tracy 游览玄武湖、中山陵等。Tracy 请 回信告知是否能有时间。回信（Letter 2）：

1）发信人：Tracy 2）收信人：Sharon 3）发信日期：2011 年 3 月 22 日

4）内容：Tracy 回信感谢并且接受 Sharon 的邀请。怀念美好的大学时光，决定 4 月初来南京。

Words for reference:

玄武湖 Xuanwu Lake

中山陵 Dr.Sun Yat-sen's Mausoleum

邀请信（Letter 1）

●审题概述

● 朋友之间的邀请属于非正式的邀请，因此信件内容相对比较随便、简短。写作时 应注意将受邀请的人、原因、地点等内容写清楚以免出差错。

●范文●

March 15, 2011

Dear Tracy,How have you been? Haven’t seen you for nearly two years after graduation.I heard that you would come to Nanjing for a business trip.How about coming to see me and letting me accompany you to visit Xuanwu Lake and Dr.Sun Yat-sen's Mausoleum? Hope to hear from you soon!

Yours, Sharon

回复信（Letter 2）

●审题概述

● 回复朋友的邀请应注意以下两点：首先感谢对方的邀请；其次要明确告知对方是 否接受邀请。

●范文●

March 22, 2011

Dear Sharon,Thank you very much for your kind invitation!It will be a great pleasure for me to meet you.I still keep in mind those good days of being with you at university.So I’ll come to Nanjing at early April.I’ll call you when I arrive.Hope to see you soon!

Yours,Tracy

（三）寻物启事

说明：假如你叫 Mike，5 月 6 日星期五在食堂丢失了一只黑色皮质书包。书包 内有一本英语书、一个 MP3、一个 NOKIA5230 手机和一串钥匙。东西非常重要，请拾到者与你联系，电话号码是 58909856，有 100 元酬谢。Words for reference: 食堂 dining-hall 酬金 reward

●审题概述

● 寻物启事的写作，应说明时间、地点、丢失物品、联系方式和酬谢事项。

●范文●

May 6th, 2011

LOST In the dining-hall,on Friday of May 6th,I lost a black-leathered schoolbag.There is an English book, an MP3, a NOKIA5230 cell phone, and a bunch of keys.Those things are very important to me, especially the phone numbers in the mobile phone.Will the finder please call me? My telephone number is 58909856.I will be vey thankful and provide the finder a reward ￥100.Thanks a lot.Mike

（四）电子邮件

说明：假如你是李峰，和朋友 Kate 约好本周日去看电影，但你突然有事去不了。请根据以下要点写一封电子邮件： 日期：2011 年 4 月 10 日 内容： 1）这周末不能去，表示歉意； 2）解释原因：奶奶突然生病了，需要照顾； 3）建议另约时间在下周末，并为失约表达歉意。注意：电子邮件的基本格式。

●审题概述

● 电子邮件的写作需注意主题不能过长，并且能代表邮件内容。为失约表达歉意，首先应开门见山，说明不能赴约；然后详述失约的原因；最后再次表达歉意。

●范文●

To: Kate()

Subject: Accepting My Apology

Date: April 10th, 2011

Dear Kate,I’m sorry to tell you that I couldn’t go to see the film with you this Sunday.My grandmother suddenly fell ill and was taken to hospital this morning.I have to take care of her this weekend.The doctor told us it will take about one week for her to get better.So I think we can go to the

cinema together next weekend.Please allow me to say sorry again!

Yours,Li Feng

第三篇：英语二级口语

Topic one Studying Abroad1、Do you want to go abroad to study further? Why or why、not?

答案：No, I don’t want to go abroad to study.Because I don’t want to leave my parents to far, studying abroad must costs a large sum of money, and my family can’t afford it.2、If you intend to study abroad, which country do you prefer?、And why?

答案： I intend to study abroad, I prefer to go to US.Because in there have a lot of famous University.3、If you study abroad, which major or project would you、prefer? And why？答案： choose International economy and trade.Because I like this major.4、What are the advantages of studying abroad?

答 案 ： Studying abroad can make many friends are from different countries.And It can exercise the abilities of dealing with various kinds of problems and the abilities of overcoming different difficulties.5、Do you think there are any shortcoming of studying、abroad?

答案 ： Yes, I think studying abroad have some shortcoming.Studying abroad costs a large sum of money and you’ll feel lonely when you get to a new environment.6、Can you imagine the various difficulties you will encounter、when you are studying abroad?

答案：Students studying abroad may face a lot of unexpected problems and difficulties.The most problem they encounter is language problem.When you new there, you can’t communicate with other people, even if you master native languages.7、When you complete your studies abroad, would you choose、to come back or stay overseas?

答案：I’ll choose come back.Because I think I’m studying is badly needed nowadays in China and come back will be much more convenient for me to look after my parents.8、If you come back to China, what would you do?

答案：If I come back to China, I’ll find a job in China it can be more convenient for me to look after my parents.9、What are the required qualities for students to study well、abroad?

答案：Good spoken English and good communication.These can help students to adapt to the new environment.10、Do you think young students should go to study abroad?、Why or why not?

答案 No, I don’t think young students should go to study abroad.Because there are a lot of young students studying abroad and they can’t take care of themselves well.And nowadays China’s education is not bad.Topic two Campus Love1、Have you ever fallen in love with someone? Could you tell、your feelings about your love?

答案：No, I’m single.2、Do you think college students should fall in love with each、other?

答案：No, I don’t think so.College students are adults and they can control their emotions and behavior, and also they can choose whether they should fall in love or not.3、What are the pros and cons about college love?、答案 College love can enhance one’s confidence and make one more beautiful, happiness.But love also may be influence their study.4、Do you think college students can get married? Why or、why not?

答案：Yes, I think college students can get married.Because if they really love each other, get married this thing is happy.So, the happy things why we can’t do it?

5、What characteristics will you consider when you choose、your girlfriend or boyfriend?答案：I hope my boyfriend is a warmhearted man and good for me.6、How can we deal with campus love properly and keep a、balance between study and love?

答案：I think as long as we treat each other with sincerity.And trust each other, I think any problem can be solved.7、How can we get out of the gloom(忧郁 or depression(沮丧、忧郁)沮丧)忧郁 沮丧 of losing a boyfriend/girlfriend? If you lose a boyfriend/girlfriend, what would you do?

答案：I think I’ll cry, eat many foods and sleep for a long time.When I wake up next day, I’ll start again.Any problem we can be solved.Topic three Smoking1、Do you smoke? Are you heavy smoker or light smoker?

答案：No, I don’t and I hate smoker.2、Do you think smoking has some advantages?

答案：No, I don’t think so.But some smoker may think smoking can make they relaxed.3、What are the disadvantages of smoking in your opinion?

答案：Smoking is not only harmful to the smokers themselves, but also results in deaths of non-smokers.Smoking may even leads to lung cancer.4、If your family members smoke, what will you do?

答案：I’ll tell he smoking is bad for our health.And I’ll tell he smoking not only wastes a large sum of money, but only may lead some disease.5、Could you give some suggestions to those who can’t quit、smoking?

答案：If you think your body, I hope you will quit smoking.When you want to smoking, you can chewing gun or eat some snacks instead of smoking.6、If there were no cigarettes, what would the world become?

答案：I think the world will be health.It can reduce the number of deaths and the air will be more clean.Also, more people won’t have cancer.7、Do you think it necessary to prohibit smoking completely?

答案 Yes, I think it’s necessary to prohibit smoking completely.Because smoking not only pollutes the air but also lead many people have some diseases.8、Could you provide some advice about prohibiting smoking、in public?

答案：Paste some “No Smoking” posters in some public place and advertise some ads tell about damage.Topic four Family life1、Do you think children should learn to do some housework?

答案：Yes, I think children should learn to do some housework.Because I think it can help children more independent and let their children to know their mothers to housework is hard.2、Who does most of the housework in your family? What do、you think of it?

答案：My mother.I think it’s too tired to her.She not only have to go to work, but also she

will do hard housework after work.3、Nowadays many young people hate housework.What do、you think of it?

答案：i think these young people is too lazy.Because they are not hate to do, just not want to do.4、If you were to find a life partner, would you choose、someone who doesn’t do housework? Why?

答案 No, I hope find someone can do some homework.Because we can share the housework, it can’t make our too tired.5、What do you think of those young people who always rely、on their parents?

答案 I think those young people are lack of independent ability.They can’t understand how to take care of themselves well.6、Do you think young people should take care of their、parents?

答案： Yes, of course.Take care of our parents is our duty, anyoneshould do it.7、Do you prefer to live with your parents or by yourself after、graduation？ Why？ ？答案：Yes, I prefer to live with my parents when I graduation.Because I can much more convenient for me to look after my parents.8、Some parents love their children in such a way that they do、everything for them.What is your opinion?

答案：I think spoil their children is a wrong way.Parents should be not too strict nor to spoil.This is a right way to teach children.9、What do you think of the parents who often beat their、children?

答案：It’s a bad way to teach children.Because many children may think their parents don’t love them, so they may hate go home and even do bad things.So, parents teach children should gently.Topic five Part-time job1、Have you done any part-time jobs? What are they?

答案：Yes, I had a part-time job.It’s a waiter.2、What part-time jobs would you suggest for college students、to do?

答案：Waiter, handing out leaflets, cashier and shopping guide and so on.3、What do you learn from your part-time jobs?

答案：I learned the labor means and the value of a dollar.students obtain a great deal of knowledge from jobs that can’t be learned from their books.4、Are there any disadvantages of part-time jobs? If so, what、are they?

答案：Part-time jobs usually occupy a large quantity of students’ time, and part-time jobs may distract their attention from their studies.5、Do you think college students should do part-time jobs?

答案：No, I don’t think so.Because it will wastes study time and we also can do part-time jobs on summer vocation.6、What are the purpose for which college students so、part-time jobs?

答案：Many students want to earn some money and gain some social experience.7、Are you there any difficulty and trouble for par-time jobs?

答案： Yes, too many people want to do this and work-time not fit for our class-time.8、Do you know how to keep a balance between jobs and、study?

答案：Yes.In fact, I’m only work on free time.Topic six Advertisements1、Where can you find ads.?

答案：Computer, television, telephone, magazine and so on.2、Can you give several ways of advertising?

答案 Make a short film, make picture on the magazine and newspapers.3、Do you like ads.or TV commercials? Why or why not?

答案：No, I don’t like it.Because advertising time is too long.4、Do you believe what is said ads.Or commercials? Why or、why not?

答案：I think advertising is introduce some goods advantages to people.5、Have you found any misleading ads.?

答案：Yes, I found some misleading ads..For example, let people grow tall drug.6、Are you satisfied with all kinds of ads.? if not, do you have、any suggestions for their improvement?

答案：Shorten time, enhance the quality of ads.7、What are the functions of ads.in our daily life?

答案：Advertisements provide some goods information to the consumers.8、Can you think of an interesting ad.And perform it?

答案：Yes, I can.A beautiful lady walked into elevator, and when the elevator door close.She’s clothes was bursting.Topic seven Following the Fashion1、Do you follow fashion? Why(not)? What do you think of、“slaves to fashion”? describe someone who is a “fashion victim”.答案：Yes, a little.Because fashions make people look more beautiful in appearance and make people more confidence.For example, Lynne.Everyday she must get up early one hour to make up and she always eat less to save money to buy beautiful clothes.2、What particular fashion do you feel corresponds(符合 best、符合)符合 to what you wear at the moment? Grunge? Punk? New romantic? Sixties? Hippy? Ethnic? Feminine? Macho? Classic? Preppy? Anti-fashion? How do you prefer to dress?

答案：I like light color and simple dress.3、、Fashion shows cost a lot of money, both for the organizers and for the designers who show their clothes.What is the point of a fashion show and in what way do the designers benefit? Do you think fashion show deserves its costs?答案：

4、The Italians spend twice as much on clothes as the Danes.、Does this fact surprise you? How much do you think people spend on clothes in your country?

答案：I’m not surprise for this.I think5、What is the link between music and fashion? Give some、examples.答案：Supplement each other.6、What are the advantages and disadvantages of following the、fashion?答案：Topic eight Watching TV1、Do you like watching TV? Why do you like or why don’t、like watching TV?答案：Yes, I like watching TV.Because some TV programs can make me cheerful.2、How many hours a day do you spend watching TV?

答案 One hours.3、What kinds of TV programs do you like watching TV?

答案：I like entertainment programs.4、Could you describe one kind of TV program you like?

答案：Yes, I like to see a program is called“we’re married”.“ There are many stars pretend to get to married.I think it’s very funny.5、What can you learn from watching TV?

答案：I learn many things from different countries and many news from watching TV.6、What are the advantages and disadvantages of watching TV?

答案：When we feel tired and bored, we can watching TV.Also when we want to learn English, we can language programs to learn.But watching TV will waste lots of time and bad for children eyesight.7、Could you give some advice for those who are addicted to、watching TV? 答案：

8、Do you like watching films on TV or video or going to、cinema? What are the differences between them?

答案：No, I don’t like watching films on TV.I prefer to going to cinema, because good feelings in the cinema.Cinema’s screen bigger than TV.9、What are your comments about Chinese TV programs/、Could you give some suggestions for their improvement?

答案：Advertising-time is too long.10、Do you know the differences between Chinese TV、programs and Western TV programs?

答案：No, I’m not clear.

第四篇：英语口译实务二级

Thank you, Lord Hurd , for those kind words.It is an honor and pleasure to be here.When l left Brussels yesterday, it was 12 degrees Celsius and hailing.赫德勋爵，感谢您的美言。

Here, it was 25 degrees and sunny.我很荣幸也很高兴来到这里。昨天我离开布鲁塞尔时，那里还下着冰雹，气温只有12撮氏度，而这里则阳光明媚，气温高迭25撮氏度。

Speaking of climate change, I don't understand why you British are always complaining about the weather.说到这样的气候差异，我不明白为什么你们英国人还总是抱怨天气不好。

I confess I am a little intimidated, Lord Hurd, at being moderated by a veteran statesman of your distinction.赫德勋爵，说实话，您这样一位声名显赫的资深政治家为我做引见令我有些诚惶诚恐。

When I first accepted the gracious invitation to address this Institute, I was especially excited about the prospect of speaking under the Chatham House Rule.最初接受来贵所演讲的盛情邀请时，一想到将有机会按照英国皇家国际事务研究院规则 演讲，我就特剐兴奋。

I understand the rule means the audience is free to use the information received at the meeting, but may not reveal the identity of the speaker, nor his affiliation.我知道，按照这一规则，听众可以自由引用会上所获信息，但不得披露演讲者身份及其所属组织。I thought to myself, now there's a rule we should apply from time to time at the United Nations.我心想，我们在联合国也应当不时采用这一规则。

I could get my message across, but keep a low profile at the same time.这样我既可以表达想法，还能同时保持低调。

And conversely* those interested in grand-standing would have one less opportunity to do so.而反过来，那些喜欢抛头露面的人则少了一个炫耀的机会。But it was not to be.可这次演讲将不启用这一规则。

Having understood that this event is on the record, I will have to wait for another occasion to experience the Chatham House Rule at first hand.我知道这次活动会记录在案，我只好另找机会亲身感受这一规则了。

Mr.Niblett, Director of Chatham House, 英国皇家国际事务研究所所长宁布莱特先生，Excellencies, 阁下们

Ladies and gentlemen , 女士们，先生们：

It is truly a privilege to join such a distinguished group of experts and scholars, diplomats and opinion-makers, politicians and not least, representatives of civil societywho by then had become the UK Ambassador to the UNand the world as a whole-has come to appear much complicated.自那时起，联合国乃至整个世界似乎变得更加复杂。So have the challenges confronting our Organization.联合国所面临的挑战也是如此。

The perception of us is no longer so black and white, and tends now to be drawn in various shades of gray.如今，人们对我们的看法不再是非黑即白，而是倾向于不同程度的灰色。But if you are an optimist, as I am, you will paint the UN in brighter colors.但是，如果你们和我一样，是乐观主义者，那么你们会用更明快的色彩来勾画联合国。

You will know that our world of complex and global challenges is exactly the environment in which our United Nations should thrive-because these are challenges that no country can resolve on its own.你们会知道，我们的世界充满了复杂的全球性挑战，而这正是联合国应该蓬勃发展的大好环境，因为任何一个国家都无法单独应对这些挑战。

It is a world in which the UN can, and must, grow and take on new roles, develop and deliver on new fronts.正是在这样的世界中，联合国能够并且必须成长壮大，承担新的任务，开辟新的战线并在那里有所作为。

Thank you very much.多谢各位.

第五篇：英语口译(二级)讲义

英语口译（二级）精讲班第1讲讲义

001 二级口译实务考试介绍

Lecture 1

1、二级口译实务考试介绍

英语口译二级考试分《口译综合能力》 和《口译实务》测试两部分，旨在检测应试者的口译实践能力是否达到专业译员水平。合格的应试者应能熟练运用口译技巧，完整准确地译出原话内容，无错译漏译。

英语口译实务（二级）考试含“英汉交替传译”和“汉英交替传译”。题量各占50%，含总量约1000单词的英语讲话两篇和总量约1000汉字的汉语讲话两篇，时间约60分钟。考试内容涉及政治、经济、文化、外交、旅游、信息科技、经融贸易、环境保护、卫生健康等，跟翻译专业所要求掌握的知识和技能相一致，要求应试者知识结构分布合理，专业技能达到一定的水平。

英语口译实务考试一律采取现场录音的方式，考试结果记录在磁带上。考试的评分标准非常细化，一个考生的磁带要有两个以上的人去听，并且听出来的结果基本一致，最后再由专家组根据考生录音核定成绩。

应该说英语口译实务（二级）考试具有一定的挑战性，要求应试者过语言关、知识关和技术关，同时还要有稳定的心理因素。按照翻译专业人员的四个等级来划分，即：助理翻译、翻译、副译审和译审，二级就是翻译级，也就是我们所说的中级职称。因此，二级口译试题的定位基本上是针对大学外语专业比较优秀的毕业生，经过几年的翻译实践应能达到的水平。二级口译考试模块的设计也是基于这一理念，即要求应试者具备比较全面的知识结构和良好的双语互译能力。具体说来，应试者应具备良好的语言知识（Linguistic Knowledge）、语言外的知识（Extra-Linguistic Knowledge）以及分析能力（Analysis）。同时应试者还应具备敏锐的听力、良好的短时记忆、行之有效的笔记、以及准确灵活的双语表达等口译所必须的基本能力。

2、口译学习讲解

技巧和语言基本功相结合。课程讲解同时关注这两点。

3、口译技巧介绍

口译技巧(Interpretation Techniques)根据口译步骤（信息接收—信息储存—信息处理—信息输出）为基础，总结出以下技巧：(1)听辨；

(2)思维理解1—逻辑分析；

(3)思维理解2—信息视觉；

(4)思维理解3 —将认知信息纳入理解轨道

(5)记忆机制1—瞬时记忆、短时记忆、长时记忆；

(6)记忆机制2－记忆训练方法；

(7)笔记方法1—记什么?(8)笔记方法2—怎么记?

(9)数字口译1—单纯数字口译

(10)数字口译2—数字与信息相结合(11)习语的口译；

(12)模糊信息处理技巧；

(13)口译中的文化差异；

(14)口译中的句法转换；

(15)语境因素处理技巧；

(16)临场应变技巧。

我们将把这些技巧穿插在我们的讲解之中，辅以必要练习。

4、口译课程结构介绍

每次课内容安排：50分钟

技巧讲解和练习20' 语言练习10' 篇章练习20' 002 听辨技巧

一、听辨技巧

“听辨”，顾名思义，不仅要“听”还要“辨”，即思考、分析。“听辨”是口译过程中的第一个阶段。在这个过程中我们接收到源语信息，并通过种种分析手段把接收到的信息纳入到我们的理解范畴，以便储存和输出。毫无疑问，口译的成败在很大程度上取决于听辨的过程。所以大家首先要对口译的听辨过程有一个透彻的认识，以便有针对性地进行练习，以提高自己的听辨能力。

口译中的听辨过程和大家平时在英语学习中所接受的听力训练是不同的，但二者又有一定的联系。

首先，具备良好的听力水平是培养好的听辨能力的基础。换句话说，如果一个人的外语听力有问题，那么无论他的语言表达能力有多强，他都很难胜任口译工作。然而光有好的听力还不够，因为听辨过程还涉及到其他方面的能力。这一点可以从听力训练与听辨过程的区别中看出来。

1．英语的听力训练中比较注重语言层面，也就是说他们会十分注意语音、语调和语言的表达及用法等。而译员在听辨过程中所注重的是意思，或是讲话者的意图而不是具体的词句表达。所以译员在听到一段话之后在头脑中形成的是一个有逻辑关系的语意整体，而不仅仅是词句的简单集合。

2．听力练习中主要启动听觉系统，理解只是一个被动而附带的过程。而译员在听辨过程中不仅要启动听觉系统，还要启动大脑中的分析理解机制和记忆机制。也就是说译员要边听、边分析、边理解、边记忆。所以，与一般的外语学习相比较而言，专业译员要具有更强的分析能力，要会“一心多用”。

3．在听的过程中，信息接收是被动和跟随性的，对信息的反映略显滞后。而译员的听辨过程是积极而主动的。在听的过程中伴有很大程度的预测和判断行为。常常需要调动非语言因素对所听内容进行分析、整理、补充和联想等。

4．用作听力训练的材料，信息比较清晰，杂音干扰较少。而译员在口译工作中所处的信息环境是现场性的，因此不确定性因素较多；信息干扰、信息缺失时有发生。而且，讲话者以交流为唯一目的，在信息发布过程中并不照顾或考虑译员的状态。

综上所述，口译的听辨过程较一般外语听力训练过程要复杂得多，对能力的要求也要高得多。大家需要建立这样一个意识，即口译的过程不是一个信息背诵加字词翻译的过程。而是一个通过听辨将信息接收、理解，再用译入语将理解了的信息加以表达的过程。以下提供一些训练方法供大家参考，以英语听辨能力的训练为主。

1．可以选择一些英文有声资料（最好是现场讲话）或是请练习搭档模拟现场发言。听过一段话后，在不记笔记的情况下用源语（英文）进行复述。注意在听的过程中要把注意力从词句表达上移开，而专注于整段话的逻辑意思。在复述时不要拘泥于原文的词句，更不要试图背原话。意思和逻辑关系要尽量复述的准确完整。

2．在听辨训练的初级阶段，如果还不能完全掌握边听、边分析、边记忆的技能，可采取就所听内容进行提问的方式建立逻辑关系。比如可以将注意力放在WHAT、WHO、WHEN AND WHERE、HOW AND WHY 等几个要素上。通过这种方式增强逻辑分析意识，努力跟上讲话人的思路，从而对所听语篇有一个正确的理解。

3．每段讲话的长度可随熟练程度的加强而逐步增加：比如从听几句话到听一小段，从一小段到一大段到数段等。并且可以尝试听各种不同风格的讲话。选题也可以从比较熟悉的领域逐步扩展到比较陌生的领域，以培养临场适应能力和分析综合的能力。

练习1：

要求，认真听原文，不要记笔记，根据WHAT、WHO、WHEN AND WHERE、HOW AND WHY 几大要素总结段落大意。

Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea.People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive.It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity.Some of them were not sure how to use it.They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves.Then they served them mixed with butter and salt.They soon discovered their mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches.What's the general idea of this short passage? Compared with the Chinese, People in Europe, particularly in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, and how to use it.They cooked tea leaves as vegetable and served them with butter and salt and even made them part of Children's sandwiches.练习2 Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century.During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it.At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more fond of tea.Until then tea had been drunk without milk in it, but one day a famous French lady named Madame de Sevigne decided to see what tea tasted like when milk was added.She found it so pleasant that she would never again drink it without milk.Because she was such a great lady her friends thought they must copy everything she did, so they also drank their tea with milk in it.Slowly this habit spread until it reached England and today only very few Britons drink tea without milk.General idea：

Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century.?? On the continent, people used to drink tea without milk until a French lady invented the habit of drinking tea with milk.003 词汇积累

二、主题练习——会议致辞词汇

词汇积累

（致）欢迎/开幕/闭幕词(deliver/make)a welcome/opening/closing speech/address/lecture 开/闭/揭幕式 opening/closing/unveiling ceremony

举行烈士纪念碑的揭幕典礼 unveil a monument to the martyrs 为展览会揭幕 inaugurate an exhibition 奠基典礼 foundation laying ceremony 开学典礼 school’s opening ceremony

毕业典礼 graduation ceremony /commencement 开国大典 founding ceremony of a state 婚礼 wedding ceremony 庆典 celebration 答谢宴会 return banquet 晚宴 evening reception/dinner 招待会/宴会 reception 冷餐招待会 buffet reception 联欢/新年/篝火晚会 get-together/spring festival/campfire party 酒会 cocktail party 宣布…开幕 declare…open;declare the commencement of … 宣布…闭幕 declare the closing/conclusion of … 陛下 Your/His/Her Majesty 殿下 Your/His/Her(Royal/Imperial/Serene)Highness 阁下 Your/His/Her Honor/Excellency 贵宾们 distinguished guests 尊敬的主席先生respectable/honorable/respected Mr.President 至此… 之际 on the occasion of 代表… on behalf of …

我愿借此机会… I would like to take this opportunity to …/ I would like to avail myself of this great opportunity to …

我代表中国政府向各位来宾表示热烈欢迎，对会议的召开表示衷心祝贺!On behalf of the Chinese government, I would like to extend our sincere welcome to all the guests here and to express our warm congratulations on the convening of this session.最后，祝各位在北京生活愉快，并祝会议圆满成功!

Finally, I wish a full success of the conference and wish you all a pleasant stay here in Beijing.