17大政府工作报告(中英文)

第一篇：17大政府工作报告(中英文)

十七大报告全文英汉对照

[ 2007-10-31 09:50 ] 中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会于2007年10月15日上午在人民大会堂开幕。胡锦涛总书记在会上提出，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，为夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利而奋斗。

以下为胡锦涛总书记报告全文的中英文对照，均为新华社发表的官方版本，供读者学习参考。

一、过去五年的工作

二、改革开放的伟大历史进程

三、深入贯彻落实科学发展观

四、实现全面建设小康社会奋斗目标的新要求

五、促进国民经济又好又快发展

六、坚定不移发展社会主义民主政治

七、推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣

八、加快推进以改善民生为重点的社会建设

九、开创国防和军队现代化建设新局面

十、推进“一国两制”实践和祖国和平统一大业

十一、始终不渝走和平发展道路

十二、以改革创新精神全面推进党的建设新的伟大工程

十七大报告全文英汉对照

Hold High the Great Banner of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and Strive for New Victories in Building a Moderately Prosperous Society in all Respects

Report to the Seventeenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China on Oct.15, 2007 Hu Jintao

Comrades, Now I would like to make a report to the Seventeenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)on behalf of the Sixteenth Central Committee.The Seventeenth Congress is one of vital importance being held at a crucial stage of China's reform and development.The theme of the congress is to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, continue to emancipate the mind, persist in reform and opening up, pursue development in a scientific way, promote social harmony, and strive for new victories in building a moderately prosperous

高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜 为夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利而奋斗 ━━胡锦涛主席在中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会上的报告（2007年10月15日）同志们:

现在，我代表第十六届中央委员会向大会作报告。

中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会，是在我国改革发展关键阶段召开的一次十分重要的大会。大会的主题是：高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，继续解放思想，坚持改革开放，推动科学发展，促进社会和谐，为夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利而奋斗。

中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，是当代中国发展进步的旗帜，是全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的旗帜。解放思想是发展中国特色社会主义的一大法宝，改革开放是发展中国特色社会主义的强大动力，科学发展、社会和谐是发展中国特色社会主义的基本要求，全面建设小康社会

十七大报告全文英汉对照 society in all respects.The great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the banner guiding development and progress in contemporary China and rallying the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in the country in our common endeavor.Emancipating the mind is a magic instrument for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, reform and opening up provide a strong driving force for developing it, and scientific development and social harmony are basic requirements for developing it.Building a moderately prosperous society in all respects is a goal for the Party and the state to reach by 2020, and represents the fundamental interests of the people of all ethnic groups.The world today is undergoing extensive and profound changes, and contemporary China is going through a wide-ranging and deep-going transformation.This brings us unprecedented opportunities as well as unprecedented challenges, with the formeroutweighing the latter.The whole Party must unswervingly hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics and lead the people in starting from this new historical point, grasping and making the most of the important period of strategic opportunities, staying realistic and pragmatic,forging ahead with determination, continuing to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and accelerate socialist modernization, and accomplishing the lofty mission bestowed by the times.I.The Work of the Past Five Years The five years since the Sixteenth Congress was an extraordinary period.In order to accomplish the arduous tasks of reform and development in a complicated and volatile international situation, the Party led the people of all ethnic groups in holding high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, overcoming difficulties and risks, creating a new situation in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and attaining a new realm in adapting Marxism to conditions in China.是党和国家到二０二０年的奋斗目标，是全国各族人民的根本利益所在。当今世界正在发生广泛而深刻的变化，当代中国正在发生广泛而深刻的变革。机遇前所未有，挑战也前所未有，机遇大于挑战。全党必须坚定不移地高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，带领人民从新的历史起点出发，抓住和用好重要战略机遇期，求真务实，锐意进取，继续全面建设小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化，完成时代赋予的崇高使命。

一、过去五年的工作

十六大以来的五年是不平凡的五年。面对复杂多变的国际环境和艰巨繁重的改革发展任务，党带领全国各族人民，高举邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想伟大旗帜，战胜各种困难和风险，开创了中国特色社会主义事业新局面，开拓了马克思主义中国化新境界。

十六大确立“三个代表”重要思想的指导地位，作出全面建设小康社会的战略决策。为贯彻十六大精神，中央召开七次全会，分别就深化机构改革、完善社会主义市场经济体制、加强党的执政能力建设、制定“十一五”规划、构建社会主义和谐社会等关系全局的重大问题作出决定和部署，提出并贯彻科学发展观等重大战略思想，推动党和国家工作取得新的重大成就。

经济实力大幅提升。经济保持平稳快速发展，国内生产总值年均增长百分之十以上，经济效益明显提高，财政收入连年显著增加，物价基本稳定。社会主义新农村建设扎实推进，区域发展协调性增强。创新型国家建设进展良好，自主创新能力较大提高。能源、交通、通信等基础设施和重点工程建设成效显著。载人航天飞行成功实现。能源资源节约和生态环境保护取得新进展。“十五”计划胜利完成，“十一五”规划进展顺利。

改革开放取得重大突破。农村综合改革逐步深化，农业税、牧业税、特产税全部取消，支农惠农政策不断加强。国有

十七大报告全文英汉对照 At its Sixteenth Congress the Party established the important thought of Three Represents as its guide and made the strategic decision to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects.In order to implement the guiding principles of the congress, the Central Committee convened seven plenary sessions, at which it made decisions on and arrangements for major issues of overall significance such as deepening institutional restructuring, improving the socialist market economy, strengthening the governance capability of the Party, drawing up the Eleventh Five-Year Plan(2006-10), and building a harmonious socialist society;and it formulated and applied the Scientific Outlook on Development and other major strategic thoughts.All this helped the Party and the state score great new achievements.Economic strength increased substantially.The economy sustained steady and rapid growth.The GDP expanded by an annual average of over 10%.Economic performance improved significantly, national revenue rose markedly year by year, and prices were basically stable.Efforts to build a new socialist countryside yielded solid results, and development among regions became more balanced.The endeavor to make China an innovative nation registered good progress, with considerable improvement in the country's capacity for independent innovation.Notable achievements were scored in the construction of infrastructure including energy, transport and telecommunications facilities and other key projects.Manned spaceflights were successfully conducted.Fresh progress was registered in energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation.The Tenth Five-Year Plan(2001-05)was fulfilled successfully and implementation of the eleventh is in smooth progress.Major breakthroughs were made in reform and opening up.Comprehensive reforms in rural areas gradually deepened;agricultural tax, livestock tax and taxes on special agricultural products were rescinded throughout the country;and policies were constantly strengthened to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers.Significant headway was made in reform of the state assets management system, state-owned enterprises, banking, public finance，资产管理体制、国有企业和金融、财税、投资、价格、科技等领域改革取得重大进展。非公有制经济进一步发展。市场体系不断健全，宏观调控继续改善，政府职能加快转变。进出口总额大幅增加，实施“走出去”战略迈出坚实步伐，开放型经济进入新阶段。

人民生活显著改善。城乡居民收入较大增加，家庭财产普遍增多。城乡居民最低生活保障制度初步建立，贫困人口基本生活得到保障。居民消费结构优化，衣食住行用水平不断提高，享有的公共服务明显增强。

民主法制建设取得新进步。政治体制改革稳步推进。人民代表大会制度、中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度不断完善，基层民主活力增强。人权事业健康发展。爱国统一战线发展壮大。中国特色社会主义法律体系基本形成，依法治国基本方略切实贯彻。行政管理体制、司法体制改革不断深化。

文化建设开创新局面。社会主义核心价值体系建设扎实推进，马克思主义理论研究和建设工程成效明显。思想道德建设广泛开展，全社会文明程度进一步提高。文化体制改革取得重要进展，文化事业和文化产业快速发展，人民精神文化生活更加丰富。全民健身和竞技体育取得新成绩。

社会建设全面展开。各级各类教育迅速发展，农村免费义务教育全面实现。就业规模日益扩大。社会保障体系建设进一步加强。抗击非典取得重大胜利，公共卫生体系和基本医疗服务不断健全，人民健康水平不断提高。社会管理逐步完善，社会大局稳定，人民安居乐业。国防和军队建设取得历史性成就。中国特色军事变革加速推进，裁减军队员额二十万任务顺利完成，军队革命化、现代化、正规化建设全面加强，履行新世纪新阶段历史使命能力显著提高。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 taxation, investment, pricing, and the system for managing science and technology.The non-public sector of the economy grew stronger.A sound market system was being put in place, macroeconomic regulation continued to improve, and transformation of government functions was accelerated.The total volume of imports and exports increased sharply.Solid steps were taken in implementing the “go global” strategy, and the open economy entered a new stage of development.Living standards improved significantly.Both urban and rural incomes increased considerably, and most families had more property than before.The system of subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents was basically in place, guaranteeing basic living conditions for the poor.Residents improved their consumption patterns, had increasingly better food, clothing, housing, transport and other daily necessities, and enjoyed markedly improved public services.Fresh progress was registered in improving democracy and the legal system.Political restructuring progressed steadily.Constant improvement was made in the system of people's congresses, the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC and the system of regional ethnic autonomy.Primary-level democracy increased its vitality.The cause of human rights witnessed sound development.The patriotic united front grew stronger.A socialist law system with Chinese characteristics was basically in place.The rule of law was effectively implemented as a fundamental principle.Reform of the government administration system and the judicial system continued to deepen.A new situation was created in cultural development.Efforts to establish the system of socialist core values made steady headway and marked achievements were scored in the Project to Study and Develop Marxist Theory.Extensive efforts were made to raise ideological and ethical standards and the whole of society became more culturally advanced.Cultural restructuring made important progress, cultural programs and the cultural industry developed rapidly，港澳工作和对台工作进一步加强。香港、澳门保持繁荣稳定，与内地经贸关系更加紧密。两岸政党交流成功开启，人员往来和经济文化交流达到新水平。制定反分裂国家法，坚决维护国家主权和领土完整。

全方位外交取得重大进展。坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，各项外交工作积极开展，同各国的交流合作广泛加强，在国际事务中发挥重要建设性作用，为全面建设小康社会争取了良好国际环境。党的建设新的伟大工程扎实推进。党的执政能力建设和先进性建设深入进行。理论创新和理论武装卓有成效。保持共产党员先进性教育活动取得重大成果。党内民主不断扩大。领导班子和干部队伍建设特别是干部教育培训取得重要进展，人才工作进一步加强，干部人事制度改革和组织制度创新不断深入。党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争成效明显。

在看到成绩的同时，也要清醒认识到，我们的工作与人民的期待还有不小差距，前进中还面临不少困难和问题，突出的是：经济增长的资源环境代价过大；城乡、区域、经济社会发展仍然不平衡；农业稳定发展和农民持续增收难度加大；劳动就业、社会保障、收入分配、教育卫生、居民住房、安全生产、司法和社会治安等方面关系群众切身利益的问题仍然较多，部分低收入群众生活比较困难；思想道德建设有待加强；党的执政能力同新形势新任务不完全适应，对改革发展稳定一些重大实际问题的调查研究不够深入；一些基层党组织软弱涣散；少数党员干部作风不正，形式主义、官僚主义问题比较突出，奢侈浪费、消极腐败现象仍然比较严重。我们要高度重视这些问题，继续认真加以解决。

总起来说，这五年，是改革开放和全面建设小康社会取得重大进展的五年，是

十七大报告全文英汉对照 and the people enjoyed a richer cultural life.Fresh progress was made inpublic fitness programs and competitive sports.Social development proceeded in an all-round way.Education of various kinds and at different levels developed rapidly.Free compulsory education was made available in all rural areas.More job opportunities were created.The social security system was strengthened.The battle against SARS came to a great victory.The public health system and basic medical care constantly improved, contributing to better health of the people.Social management improved step by step.Social stability was ensured and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment.Historic achievements were scored in the development of national defense and the armed forces.The revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics was accelerated.The armed forces were reduced by 200,000 troops.Efforts were intensified in all respects to make the armed forces more revolutionary, modernized and standardized, which notably increased their capacity to accomplish their historical missions at this new stage in the new century.Work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan affairs was intensified.Hong Kong and Macao maintained their prosperity and stability and developed closer economic partnership with the mainland.Political parties on both sides of the Taiwan Straits started communication, and cross-Straits visits as well as economic and cultural exchanges reached a new high.The Anti-Secession Law was enacted to resolutely safeguard China's sovereignty and territorial integrity.Major progress was made in all-directional diplomacy.Pursuing an independent foreign policy of peace, China energetically carried out diplomatic activities, enhanced exchanges and cooperation with other countries in various fields and played a major constructive role in international affairs.This created a favorable international environment for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.The great new undertaking to build the Party made solid progress.Endeavors to strengthen the Party's

我国综合国力大幅提升和人民得到更多实惠的五年，是我国国际地位和影响显著提高的五年，是党的创造力、凝聚力、战斗力明显增强和全党全国各族人民团结更加紧密的五年。实践充分证明，十六大和十六大以来中央作出的各项重大决策是完全正确的。

五年来的成就，是全党全国各族人民共同奋斗的结果。我代表中共中央，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界爱国人士，向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞和台湾同胞以及广大侨胞，向一切关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国朋友，表示衷心的

十七大报告全文英汉对照 governance capability and vanguard nature were intensified.Efforts to make theoretical innovations and arm Party members with the achievements proved successful.The campaign to educate Party members to preserve their vanguard nature yielded substantial results.Intra-Party democracy continued to expand.Major headway was made in strengthening the Party's leading bodies and the ranks of its cadres, and especially in educating and training cadres.Work in relation to talented personnel was strengthened.Efforts were stepped up to reform the cadre and personnel system and make innovations in the organizational system.Remarkable results were achieved in improving the Party's style of work, upholding integrity and combating corruption.While recognizing our achievements, we must be well aware that they still fall short of the expectations of the people and that there are still quite a few difficulties and problems on our way forward.The outstanding ones include the following: Our economic growth is realized at an excessively high cost of resources and the environment.There remains an imbalance in development between urban and rural areas, among regions, and between the economy and society.It has become more difficult to bring about a steady growth of agriculture and continued increase in farmers' incomes.There are still many problems affecting people's immediate interests in areas such as employment, social security, income distribution, education, public health, housing, work safety, administration of justice and public order;and some low-income people lead a rather difficult life.More efforts are needed to promote ideological and ethical progress.The governance capability of the Party falls somewhat short of the need to deal with the new situation and tasks.In-depth investigations and studies have yet to be conducted on some major practical issues related to reform, development and stability.Some primary Party organizations are weak and lax.A small number of Party cadres are not honest and upright, their formalism and bureaucratism are quite conspicuous, and extravagance, waste, corruption and other undesirable behavior are still serious problems with them.We must pay close

十七大报告全文英汉对照 attention to these problems and continue our efforts to solve them.To sum up, the past five years was a period in which substantial progress was made in reform, opening up and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.During this period, China's overall strength grew considerably and the people enjoyed more tangible benefits.China's international standing and influence rose notably.The creativity, cohesion and combat effectiveness of the Party increased significantly, and the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups became more united.Facts have proved that the major policy decisions made by the Central Committee at and since the Sixteenth Congress are perfectly correct.Our achievements over the past five years are attributed to the concerted efforts of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups.On behalf of the Central Committee, I wish to express our heartfelt thanks to the people of all ethnic groups, the democratic parties, people's organizations and patriots from all walks of life, to our compatriots in the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macao and in Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese nationals, and to our foreign friends who care about and support China's modernization drive！

II.The Great Historical Course of Reform and Opening Up We will soon be celebrating the 30th anniversary of the start of reform and opening up.In 1978, the Party held the historic Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, which ushered in the new historical period of reform and opening up.Since then, the Chinese Communists and the Chinese people have, in an indomitable enterprising spirit and with their spectacular practice of innovation, composed a new epic recounting the Chinese nation's ceaseless efforts to make progress and become stronger, and historic changes have taken place in the visages of the Chinese people, socialist China and the CPC.Reform and opening up represent a great new revolution carried on by the people under the Party's leadership in a new era to release and develop the

二、改革开放的伟大历史进程

我们即将迎来改革开放三十周年。一九七八年，我们党召开具有重大历史意义的十一届三中全会，开启了改革开放历史新时期。从那时以来，中国共产党人和中国人民以一往无前的进取精神和波澜壮阔的创新实践，谱写了中华民族自强不息、顽强奋进新的壮丽史诗，中国人民的面貌、社会主义中国的面貌、中国共产党的面貌发生了历史性变化。

改革开放是党在新的时代条件下带领人民进行的新的伟大革命，目的就是要解放和发展社会生产力，实现国家现代

十七大报告全文英汉对照 productive forces, modernize the country, bring prosperity to the Chinese people and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation;to promote the self-improvement and development of China's socialist system, inject new vitality into socialism, and build and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics;and to improve the building of the Party as it leads contemporary China in development and progress, preserve and enhance its vanguard nature, and ensure that it is always in the forefront of the times.We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was conducted on a foundation laid by the Party's first generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Mao Zedong at its core, which founded Mao Zedong Thought, led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in establishing the People's Republic and scoring great achievements in our socialist revolution and construction, and gained invaluable experience in its painstaking exploration for laws governing socialist construction.The victory in the new-democratic revolution and the establishment of the basic system of socialism provided the fundamental political prerequisite and institutional basis for every inch of development and progress in contemporary China.We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was initiated by the Party's second generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Deng Xiaoping at its core leading the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in the endeavor.In a precarious situation left by the “cultural revolution”(1966-76), the second generation of central collective leadership, persisting in emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts and displaying immense political and theoretical courage, made a scientific appraisal of Comrade Mao Zedong and Mao Zedong Thought, thoroughly repudiated the erroneous theory and practice of “taking class struggle as the key link,” and made the historic policy decision to shift the focus of the work of the Party and the state onto economic development and introduce reform and opening up.It established the basic line for the primary stage of socialism, sounded the clarion call of the times for taking our own

化，让中国人民富裕起来，振兴伟大的中华民族；就是要推动我国社会主义制度自我完善和发展，赋予社会主义新的生机活力，建设和发展中国特色社会主义；就是要在引领当代中国发展进步中加强和改进党的建设，保持和发展党的先进性，确保党始终走在时代前列。

我们要永远铭记，改革开放伟大事业，是在以毛泽东同志为核心的党的第一代中央领导集体创立毛泽东思想，带领全党全国各族人民建立新中国、取得社会主义革命和建设伟大成就以及艰辛探索社会主义建设规律取得宝贵经验的基础上进行的。新民主主义革命的胜利，社会主义基本制度的建立，为当代中国一切发展进步奠定了根本政治前提和制度基础。

我们要永远铭记，改革开放伟大事业，是以邓小平同志为核心的党的第二代中央领导集体带领全党全国各族人民开创的。面对十年“文化大革命”造成的危难局面，党的第二代中央领导集体坚持解放思想、实事求是，以巨大的政治勇气和理论勇气，科学评价毛泽东同志和毛泽东思想，彻底否定“以阶级斗争为纲”的错误理论和实践，作出把党和国家工作中心转移到经济建设上来、实行改革开放的历史性决策，确立社会主义初级阶段基本路线，吹响走自己的路、建设中国特色社会主义的时代号角，创立邓小平理论，指引全党全国各族人民在改革开放的伟大征程上阔步前进。

我们要永远铭记，改革开放伟大事业，是以江泽民同志为核心的党的第三代中央领导集体带领全党全国各族人民继承、发展并成功推向二十一世纪的。从十三届四中全会到十六大，受命于重大历史关头的党的第三代中央领导集

十七大报告全文英汉对照 road and building socialism with Chinese characteristics, founded Deng Xiaoping Theory, and led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in striding forward on the great journey of reform and opening up.We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was carried on, developed and successfully carried into the 21st century by the Party's third generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Jiang Zemin at its core leading the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups on this mission.From the Fourth Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee through the Sixteenth Congress, the third generation of central collective leadership, which took over the helm at a critical historical juncture, held high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory, pressed ahead with reform and opening up and kept up with the times.Relying on the Party and the people, it stood the severe tests of political turbulences and economic risks at home and abroad, safeguarded socialism with Chinese characteristics, initiated the new, socialist market economy and ushered in a new phase of all-round opening up;and it advanced the great new undertaking to build the Party, founded the important thought of Three Represents, and steered the ship of reform and opening up forward on the right course.Since the Sixteenth Congress, we have followed the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, kept up with new developments and changes in and outside China, grasped the strategic opportunities in this important period, promoted the truth-seeking, pragmatic and pioneering spirit and persisted in innovation in both theory and practice.We have worked hard to promote scientific development and social harmony, improved the socialist market economy, and resolutely carried forward the great cause of reform and opening up in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Reform and opening up constitute the most salient feature of the new period.From the countryside to the cities and from the economic to other areas, the process of sweeping reform has unfolded with

体，高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，坚持改革开放、与时俱进，在国内外政治**、经济风险等严峻考验面前，依靠党和人民，捍卫中国特色社会主义，创建社会主义市场经济新体制，开创全面开放新局面，推进党的建设新的伟大工程，创立“三个代表”重要思想，继续引领改革开放的航船沿着正确方向破浪前进。

十六大以来，我们以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，顺应国内外形势发展变化，抓住重要战略机遇期，发扬求真务实、开拓进取精神，坚持理论创新和实践创新，着力推动科学发展、促进社会和谐，完善社会主义市场经济体制，在全面建设小康社会实践中坚定不移地把改革开放伟大事业继续推向前进。

新时期最鲜明的特点是改革开放。从农村到城市、从经济领域到其他各个领域，全面改革的进程势不可当地展开了；从沿海到沿江沿边，从东部到中西部，对外开放的大门毅然决然地打开了。这场历史上从未有过的大改革大开放，极大地调动了亿万人民的积极性，使我国成功实现了从高度集中的计划经济体制到充满活力的社会主义市场经济体制、从封闭半封闭到全方位开放的伟大历史转折。今天，一个面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的社会主义中国巍然屹立在世界东方。

新时期最显著的成就是快速发展。我们党实施现代化建设“三步走”战略，带领人民艰苦奋斗，推动我国以世界上少有的速度持续快速发展起来。我国经济从一度濒于崩溃的边缘发展到总量跃至世界第四、进出口总额位居世界第三，人民生活从温饱不足发展到总体小康，农村贫困人口从两亿五千多万减少到

十七大报告全文英汉对照 irresistible momentum.From the coastal areas to areas along the Yangtze River and the borders, and from the eastern to the central and western regions, the door has been resolutely opened to the outside world.This great undertaking of reform and opening up, never seen before in history, has greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of hundreds of millions of Chinese people and brought about China's historic transformation from a highly centralized planned economy to a robust socialist market economy, and from a closed or semi-closed state to all-round opening up.Today socialist China is standing rock-firm in the East, oriented toward modernization, the world and the future.Rapid development represents the most remarkable achievement in the new period.The Party has been implementing the three-step strategy for modernization, leading the people in working hard to promote China's sustained rapid development at a rate rarely seen in the world.China's economy, once on the verge of collapse, has grown to rank as the fourth largest in the world, and its import and export volume, the third biggest.The Chinese people, once inadequately fed and clad, are leading a fairly comfortable life on the whole.The impoverished population in rural areas has dropped from more than 250 million to just over 20 million.The country's achievements in political, cultural and social development have captured world attention.China's development has not only enabled its people to move steadily toward prosperity and happiness, but also contributed substantially to the growth of the world economy and the progress of human civilization.Keeping up with the times is the most prominent hallmark of the new period.Adhering to the Marxist ideological line, the Party has been constantly seeking answers to major theoretical and practical questions such as what socialism is and how to build it, what kind of party we must build and how to build it, and what kind of development China should achieve and how to achieve it.The Party has been constantly adapting Marxism to conditions in China, and adhering to and enriching its own basic theory, line, program and experience.Socialism and Marxism have shown great

两千多万，政治建设、文化建设、社会建设取得举世瞩目的成就。中国的发展，不仅使中国人民稳定地走上了富裕安康的广阔道路，而且为世界经济发展和人类文明进步作出了重大贡献。

新时期最突出的标志是与时俱进。我们党坚持马克思主义的思想路线，不断探索和回答什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义，建设什么样的党、怎样建设党，实现什么样的发展、怎样发展等重大理论和实际问题，不断推进马克思主义中国化，坚持并丰富党的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领、基本经验。社会主义和马克思主义在中国大地上焕发出勃勃生机，给人民带来更多福祉，使中华民族大踏步赶上时代前进潮流、迎来伟大复兴的光明前景。

事实雄辩地证明，改革开放是决定当代中国命运的关键抉择，是发展中国特色社会主义、实现中华民族伟大复兴的必由之路；只有社会主义才能救中国，只有改革开放才能发展中国、发展社会主义、发展马克思主义。

改革开放作为一场新的伟大革命，不可能一帆风顺，也不可能一蹴而就。最根本的是，改革开放符合党心民心、顺应时代潮流，方向和道路是完全正确的，成效和功绩不容否定，停顿和倒退没有出路。

在改革开放的历史进程中，我们党把坚持马克思主义基本原理同推进马克思主义中国化结合起来，把坚持四项基本原则同坚持改革开放结合起来，把尊重人民首创精神同加强和改善党的领导结合起来，把坚持社会主义基本制度同发展市场经济结合起来，把推动经济基础变革同推动上层建筑改革结合起来，把发展社会生产力同提高全民族文明素质结合起来，把提高效率同促进社会公平结合起来，把坚持独立自主同参与经济全球化结合起来，把促进改革发展

十七大报告全文英汉对照 vitality on Chinese soil, brought more benefits to the people, and enabled the Chinese nation to catch up with the trend of the times in great strides and see the bright future of national rejuvenation.Facts have incontrovertibly proved that the decision to begin reform and opening up is vital to the destiny of contemporary China, that reform and opening up are the only way of developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and rejuvenating the Chinese nation, that only socialism can save China and that only reform and opening up can develop China, socialism and Marxism.As a great new revolution, reform and opening up are not to be plain sailing or be accomplished overnight.Essentially they accord with the aspirations of the Party membership and the people and keep up with the trend of the times.The orientation and path of reform and opening up are entirely correct, and their merits and achievements can never be negated.To stop or reverse reform and opening up would only lead to a blind alley.In the historical course of reform and opening up, the Party has combined adhering to the basic tenets of Marxism with adapting it to Chinese conditions, upholding the Four Cardinal Principles with adhering to the reform and opening up policy, respecting the people's pioneering initiative with strengthening the Party's leadership, adhering to the basic system of socialism with developing the market economy, effecting changes in the economic base with promoting reform of the superstructure, developing the productive forces with improving the cultural and ethical quality of the whole nation, raising efficiency with promoting social equity, pursuing independent development with taking part in economic globalization, promoting reform and development with maintaining social stability, and advancing the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics with making progress in the great new undertaking to build the Party.In this course the Party has gained invaluable experience in eliminating poverty, accelerating modernization, and consolidating and developing socialism in a large developing country of over one billion people.同保持社会稳定结合起来，把推进中国特色社会主义伟大事业同推进党的建设新的伟大工程结合起来，取得了我们这样一个十几亿人口的发展中大国摆脱贫困、加快实现现代化、巩固和发展社会主义的宝贵经验。

改革开放以来我们取得一切成绩和进步的根本原因，归结起来就是：开辟了中国特色社会主义道路，形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系。高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，最根本的就是要坚持这条道路和这个理论体系。

中国特色社会主义道路，就是在中国共产党领导下，立足基本国情，以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则，坚持改革开放，解放和发展社会生产力，巩固和完善社会主义制度，建设社会主义市场经济、社会主义民主政治、社会主义先进文化、社会主义和谐社会，建设富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。中国特色社会主义道路之所以完全正确、之所以能够引领中国发展进步，关键在于我们既坚持了科学社会主义的基本原则，又根据我国实际和时代特征赋予其鲜明的中国特色。在当代中国，坚持中国特色社会主义道路，就是真正坚持社会主义。

中国特色社会主义理论体系，就是包括邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想以及科学发展观等重大战略思想在内的科学理论体系。这个理论体系，坚持和发展了马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想，凝结了几代中国共产党人带领人民不懈探索实践的智慧和心血，是马克思主义中国化最新成果，是党最可宝贵的政治和精神财富，是全国各族人民团结奋斗的共同思想基础。中国特色社会主义理论体系是不断发展的开放的理论体系。《共产党宣言》发表以来近一百六十年

十七大报告全文英汉对照 To sum up, the fundamental reason behind all our achievements and progress since the reform and opening up policy was introduced is that we have blazed a path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and established a system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Essentially, to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics means to keep to this path and uphold this system.Taking the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics means we will, under the leadership of the CPC and in light of China's basic conditions, take economic development as the central task, adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles and persevere in reform and opening up, release and develop the productive forces, consolidate and improve the socialist system, develop the socialist market economy, socialist democracy, an advanced socialist culture and a harmonious socialist society, and make China a prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious modern socialist country.The main reason this path is completely correct and can lead China to development and progress is that we have adhered to the basic tenets of scientific socialism and in the meantime added to them distinct Chinese characteristics in light of China's conditions and the features of the times.In contemporary China, to stay true to socialism means to keep to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics constitute a system of scientific theories including Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development and other major strategic thoughts.This system represents the Party's adherence to and development of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought and embodies the wisdom and hard work of several generations of Chinese Communists leading the people in carrying out tireless explorations and practices.It is the latest achievement in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions, the Party's invaluable political and intellectual asset, and the common ideological foundation for the concerted endeavor of the people of all ethnic groups.It is an open system that keeps developing.Practices since the publication 的实践证明，马克思主义只有与本国国情相结合、与时代发展同进步、与人民群众共命运，才能焕发出强大的生命力、创造力、感召力。在当代中国，坚持中国特色社会主义理论体系，就是真正坚持马克思主义。

实践永无止境，创新永无止境。全党同志要倍加珍惜、长期坚持和不断发展党历经艰辛开创的中国特色社会主义道路和中国特色社会主义理论体系，坚持解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进，勇于变革、勇于创新，永不僵化、永不停滞，不为任何风险所惧，不被任何干扰所惑，使中国特色社会主义道路越走越宽广，让当代中国马克思主义放射出更加灿烂的真理光芒。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 of the Communist Manifesto nearly 160 years ago have proved that only when Marxism is integrated with the conditions of a specific country, advances in step with the times and is tied to the destiny of the people can it demonstrate its strong vitality, creativity and appeal.In contemporary China, to stay true to Marxism means to adhere to the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics.There is no end to practice or innovation.All Party members must cherish the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, which the Party explored and created after going through all the hardships, keep to the path and uphold the system for a long time to come and constantly develop them.We must continue to emancipate our minds, seek truth from facts, keep up with the times, make bold changes and innovations, stay away from rigidity or stagnation, fear no risks, never be confused by any interference, broaden our path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and ensure that the truth of Marxism of contemporary China shines even more brightly.III.Thoroughly Applying the Scientific Outlook on Development To continue to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics at the new stage of development, we must follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.The Scientific Outlook on Development is a continuation and development of the important thoughts on development advanced by the previous three generations of central collective leadership of the CPC and a concentrated expression of the Marxist world outlook and methodology with regard to development.It is a scientific theory that is in the same line as Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and keeps up with the times.It is an important guiding principle for China's economic and social development and a major strategic thought that

三、深入贯彻落实科学发展观

在新的发展阶段继续全面建设小康社会、发展中国特色社会主义，必须坚持以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观。

科学发展观，是对党的三代中央领导集体关于发展的重要思想的继承和发展，是马克思主义关于发展的世界观和方法论的集中体现，是同马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想既一脉相承又与时俱进的科学理论，是我国经济社会发展的重要指导方针，是发展中国特色社会主义必须坚持和贯彻的重大战略思想。

科学发展观，是立足社会主义初级阶段基本国情，总结我国发展实践，借鉴国

十七大报告全文英汉对照 we must uphold and apply in developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.In light of the basic reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism, the Scientific Outlook on Development has been formulated to meet new requirements of development by analyzing China's own practice and drawing on the experience of other countries in development.At this new stage in the new century, China's development shows a series of new features which are mainly as follows: The economic strength has increased markedly, but the overall productivity remains low, the capacity for independent innovation is weak, and the longstanding structural problems and the extensive mode of growth are yet to be fundamentally addressed.The socialist market economy is basically in place, but there remain structural and institutional obstacles slowing down development, and further reform in difficult areas is confronted with deep-seated problems.A relatively comfortable standard of living has been achieved for the people as a whole, butthe trend of a growing gap in income distribution has not been thoroughly reversed, there are still a considerable number of impoverished and low-income people in both urban and rural areas, and it has become more difficult to accommodate the interests of all sides.Efforts to balance development have yielded remarkable results, but the foundation of agriculture remains weak, the rural areas still lag behind in development, and we face an arduous task to narrow the urban-rural and interregional gaps in development and promote balanced economic and social development.Socialist democracy has continued to develop and we have made steady progress in implementing the rule of law as a fundamental principle, but efforts to improve democracy and the legal system fall somewhat short of the need to expand people's democracy and promote economic and social development, and political restructuring has to be deepened.Socialist culture is thriving as never before, but the people have growing cultural needs and have become more independent, selective, changeable and diverse in thinking, setting higher requirements for the development of an advanced socialist culture.Our society has become

外发展经验，适应新的发展要求提出来的。进入新世纪新阶段，我国发展呈现一系列新的阶段性特征，主要是：经济实力显著增强，同时生产力水平总体上还不高，自主创新能力还不强，长期形成的结构性矛盾和粗放型增长方式尚未根本改变；社会主义市场经济体制初步建立，同时影响发展的体制机制障碍依然存在，改革攻坚面临深层次矛盾和问题；人民生活总体上达到小康水平，同时收入分配差距拉大趋势还未根本扭转，城乡贫困人口和低收入人口还有相当数量，统筹兼顾各方面利益难度加大；协调发展取得显著成绩，同时农业基础薄弱、农村发展滞后的局面尚未改变，缩小城乡、区域发展差距和促进经济社会协调发展任务艰巨；社会主义民主政治不断发展、依法治国基本方略扎实贯彻，同时民主法制建设与扩大人民民主和经济社会发展的要求还不完全适应，政治体制改革需要继续深化；社会主义文化更加繁荣，同时人民精神文化需求日趋旺盛，人们思想活动的独立性、选择性、多变性、差异性明显增强，对发展社会主义先进文化提出了更高要求；社会活力显著增强，同时社会结构、社会组织形式、社会利益格局发生深刻变化，社会建设和管理面临诸多新课题；对外开放日益扩大，同时面临的国际竞争日趋激烈，发达国家在经济科技上占优势的压力长期存在，可以预见和难以预见的风险增多，统筹国内发展和对外开放要求更高。

这些情况表明，经过新中国成立以来特别是改革开放以来的不懈努力，我国取

十七大报告全文英汉对照 evidently more dynamic, but profound changes have taken place in the structure of society, in the way society is organized and in the pattern of social interests, and many new issues have emerged in social development and management.China is opening wider to the outside world, but international competition is becoming increasingly acute, pressure in the form of the economic and scientific dominance of developed countries will continue for a long time to come, both predictable and unpredictable risks are increasing, and the need to balance domestic development and opening to the outside world is greater than ever.All this shows that through the unremitting efforts we have made since the founding of the People's Republic in 1949, particularly since the introduction of the reform and opening up policy, China has scored achievements in development that have captured world attention, and experienced far-reaching changes in the productive forces and the relations of production, as well as in the economic base and the superstructure.However, the basic reality that China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come has not changed, nor has Chinese society's principal contradictionWe must regard development as the top priority of the Party in governing and rejuvenating the country.Development is of decisive significance for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and speeding up socialist modernization.We must firmly commit ourselves to the central task of economic development, concentrate on construction and development, and keep releasing and developing the productive forces.We must better implementthe strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the nation with trained personnel and the strategy of sustainable development.We must grasp the law of development, make innovations in our thinking, transform the mode of development, crack hard issues and raise quality and efficiency to achieve sound and rapid development, so that we can lay a solid foundation for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.We must strive for scientific development by putting people first and making it comprehensive, balanced and sustainable;we must strive for harmonious development by integrating all undertakings and promoting unity and amity among all members of society;and we must strive for peaceful development in the course of which China develops itself by safeguarding world peace and contributes to world peace by developing itself.We must pursue comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development.In accordance with the overall arrangements for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, we will promote all-round economic, political, cultural and social development, coordinate all links and aspects of our modernization drive, and balance the relations of production with the productive forces and the superstructure with the economic base.We must adopt an enlightened approach to development that results in expanded production, a better life and sound ecological and environmental conditions, and build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society that coordinates growth rate with the economic structure, quality and efficiency, and harmonizes economic growth with the population, resources and the environment, so that our people will live and work under sound ecological and environmental conditions and our economy and society will develop in a sustainable way.Promote balanced development to ensure sound and rapid economic growth.The development pattern will be significantly transformed.We will quadruple the per capita GDP of the year 2000 by 2020 through optimizing the economic structure and improving economic returns while reducing consumption of resources and protecting the environment.The socialist market economy will be improved.We will greatly enhance our capacity for independent innovation, enabling scientific and technological advancement to contribute much more to economic growth and making China an innovative country.The

四、实现全面建设小康社会奋斗目标的新要求

我们已经朝着十六大确立的全面建设小康社会的目标迈出了坚实步伐，今后要继续努力奋斗，确保到二０二０年实现全面建成小康社会的奋斗目标。我们必须适应国内外形势的新变化，顺应各族人民过上更好生活的新期待，把握经济社会发展趋势和规律，坚持中国特色社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设的基本目标和基本政策构成的基本纲领，在十六大确立的全面建设小康社会目标的基础上对我国发展提出新的更高要求。

——增强发展协调性，努力实现经济又好又快发展。转变发展方式取得重大进展，在优化结构、提高效益、降低消耗、保护环境的基础上，实现人均国内生产总值到二０二０年比二０００年翻两番。社会主义市场经济体制更加完善。自主创新能力显著提高，科技进步对经济增长的贡献率大幅上升，进入创新型国家行列。居民消费率稳步提高，形成消费、投资、出口协调拉动的增长格局。城乡、区域协调互动发展机制和主体功能区布局基本形成。社会主义新农村建设取得重大进展。城镇人口比重明显增加。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 ratio of consumption to GDP will increase steadily, and consumption, investment and export will be coordinated to boost economic growth.A mechanism for urban and rural areas and for different regions to have balanced and interactive development and a layout of development priority zones will be basically in place.Efforts to build a new socialist countryside will make significant headway.The proportion of urban residents will notably increase.Promote cultural development and notably enhance the cultural and ethical quality of the whole nation.Socialist core values will prevail among the people, and fine ideological and ethical trends will be encouraged.A basic system of public cultural services will cover the whole society, the cultural industry will account for much more of the national economy and become more competitive internationally, and a more abundant supply of cultural products will be available to meet the people's needs.Promote a conservation culture by basically forming an energy-and resource-efficient and environment-friendly structure of industries, pattern of growth and mode of consumption.We will have a large-scale circular economy and considerably increase the proportion of renewable energy sources in total energy consumption.The discharge of major pollutants will be brought under effective control and the ecological and environmental quality will improve notably.Awareness of conservation will be firmly established in the whole of society.When the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects is attained by 2020, China, a large developing socialist country with an ancient civilization, will have basically accomplished industrialization, with its overall strength significantly increased and its domestic market ranking as one of the largest in the world.It will be a country whose people are better off and enjoy markedly improved quality of life and a good environment.Its citizens will have more extensive democratic rights, show higher ethical standards and look forward to greater cultural achievements.China will have better institutions in all areas and Chinese society will have greater vitality coupled with stability and unity.The country will be still more open and friendly to the outside world and make greater contributions to human civilization.The following five years will be a crucial period for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.We must enhance our confidence and work hard to lay a more solid foundation for success in building a moderately prosperous society of a higher level in all respects to the benefit of over one billion people.V.Promoting Sound and Rapid Development of the National Economy To attain the objectives for economic development, it is essential to significantly accelerate the transformation of the development pattern and improve the socialist

到二０二０年全面建设小康社会目标实现之时，我们这个历史悠久的文明古国和发展中社会主义大国，将成为工业化基本实现、综合国力显著增强、国内市场总体规模位居世界前列的国家，成为人民富裕程度普遍提高、生活质量明显改善、生态环境良好的国家，成为人民享有更加充分民主权利、具有更高文明素质和精神追求的国家，成为各方面制度更加完善、社会更加充满活力而又安定团结的国家，成为对外更加开放、更加具有亲和力、为人类文明作出更大贡献的国家。

今后五年是全面建设小康社会的关键时期。我们要坚定信心，埋头苦干，为全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会打下更加牢固的基础。

五、促进国民经济又好又快发展

实现未来经济发展目标，关键要在加快转变经济发展方式、完善社会主义市场经济体制方面取得重大进展。要大力推进经济结构战略性调整，更加注重提高

十七大报告全文英汉对照 market economy.We need to vigorously push forward strategic economic restructuring and make greater efforts to improve China's capacity for independent innovation as well as energy and environmental conservation, and to enhance the overall quality of the economy and its international competitiveness.We need to deepen our understanding of the laws governing the socialist market economy, introduce institutions to give better play to the basic role of market forces in allocating resources, and form a system of macroeconomic regulation conducive to scientific development.1.Enhance China's capacity for independent innovation and make China an innovative country.This is the core of our national development strategy and a crucial link in enhancing the overall national strength.We need to keep to the path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics and improve our capacity for independent innovation in all areas of modernization.We need to conscientiously implement the Outline of the National Program for Long-and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development(2006-20), increase spending on independent innovation, and make breakthroughs in key technologies vital to our economic and social development.We will speed up forming a national innovation system and support basic research, research in frontier technology and technological research for public welfare.We will step up our efforts to establish a market-oriented system for technological innovation, in which enterprises play the leading role and which combines the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes, and guide and support the concentration of factors of innovation in enterprises, thereby promoting the translation of scientific and technological advances into practical productive forces.We will deepen reform of the system for managing science and technology, optimize the allocation of relevant resources, and improve the legal guarantee, policy system, incentive mechanism and market conditions to encourage technological innovation and the application of scientific and technological achievements in production.We will implement the strategy for

自主创新能力、提高节能环保水平、提高经济整体素质和国际竞争力。要深化对社会主义市场经济规律的认识，从制度上更好发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用，形成有利于科学发展的宏观调控体系。

（一）提高自主创新能力，建设创新型国家。这是国家发展战略的核心，是提高综合国力的关键。要坚持走中国特色自主创新道路，把增强自主创新能力贯彻到现代化建设各个方面。认真落实国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要，加大对自主创新投入，着力突破制约经济社会发展的关键技术。加快建设国家创新体系，支持基础研究、前沿技术研究、社会公益性技术研究。加快建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系，引导和支持创新要素向企业集聚，促进科技成果向现实生产力转化。深化科技管理体制改革，优化科技资源配置，完善鼓励技术创新和科技成果产业化的法制保障、政策体系、激励机制、市场环境。实施知识产权战略。充分利用国际科技资源。进一步营造鼓励创新的环境，努力造就世界一流科学家和科技领军人才，注重培养一线的创新人才，使全社会创新智慧竞相迸发、各方面创新人才大量涌现。

（二）加快转变经济发展方式，推动产业结构优化升级。这是关系国民经济全局紧迫而重大的战略任务。要坚持走中

十七大报告全文英汉对照 intellectual property rights.We will make the best use of international resources of science and technology.We will continue to create conditions conducive to innovation, work to train world-class scientists and leaders in scientific and technological research, attach great importance to training innovative personnel in the frontline of production, inspire the creative wisdom of the whole society and bring forth large numbers of innovative personnel in all areas.2.Accelerate transformation of the mode of economic development and promote upgrading of the industrial structure.This is a pressing strategic task vital to the national economy as a whole.We must keep to the new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics, pursue the policy of boosting domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, and propel three transitions in the mode of economic growth: the transition from relying mainly on investment and export to relying on a well coordinated combination of consumption, investment and export, the transition from secondary industry serving as the major driving force to primary, secondary and tertiary industries jointly driving economic growth, and the transition from relying heavily on increased consumption of material resources to relying mainly on advances in science and technology, improvement in the quality of the workforce and innovation in management.We will develop amodern industrial system, integrate IT application with industrialization, push our large industries to grow stronger, invigorate the equipment manufacturing industry, and eliminate outdated production capacities.We will upgrade new-and high-technology industries and develop information, biotechnology, new materials, aerospace, marine and other industries.We will develop the modern service industry and raise the level of the service sector and its share in the economy.We will step up efforts to improve basic industries and infrastructure and accelerate development of a modern energy industry and a comprehensive transport system.We will ensure the quality and safety of products.We will encourage formation of internationally competitive conglomerates.3.Balance urban and rural development and build a

国特色新型工业化道路，坚持扩大国内需求特别是消费需求的方针，促进经济增长由主要依靠投资、出口拉动向依靠消费、投资、出口协调拉动转变，由主要依靠第二产业带动向依靠第一、第二、第三产业协同带动转变，由主要依靠增加物质资源消耗向主要依靠科技进步、劳动者素质提高、管理创新转变。发展现代产业体系，大力推进信息化与工业化融合，促进工业由大变强，振兴装备制造业，淘汰落后生产能力；提升高新技术产业，发展信息、生物、新材料、航空航天、海洋等产业；发展现代服务业，提高服务业比重和水平；加强基础产业基础设施建设，加快发展现代能源产业和综合运输体系。确保产品质量和安全。鼓励发展具有国际竞争力的大企业集团。

（三）统筹城乡发展，推进社会主义新农村建设。解决好农业、农村、农民问题，事关全面建设小康社会大局，必须始终作为全党工作的重中之重。要加强农业基础地位，走中国特色农业现代化道路，建立以工促农、以城带乡长效机制，形成城乡经济社会发展一体化新格局。坚持把发展现代农业、繁荣农村经济作为首要任务，加强农村基础设施建设，健全农村市场和农业服务体系。加大支农惠农政策力度，严格保护耕地，增加农业投入，促进农业科技进步，增强农业综合生产能力，确保国家粮食安全。加强动植物疫病防控，提高农产品质量安全水平。以促进农民增收为核心，发展乡镇企业，壮大县域经济，多渠道转移农民就业。提高扶贫开发水平。深化农村综合改革，推进农村金融体制改革和创新，改革集体林权制度。坚持农村基本经营制度，稳定和完善土

十七大报告全文英汉对照 new socialist countryside.As resolution of issues concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers has an overall impact on building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must always make it a top priority in the work of the whole Party.We will strengthen the position of agriculture as the foundation of the national economy, take a path of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics,set up a permanent mechanism of industry promoting agriculture and urban areas helping rural areas, and form a new pattern that integrates economic and social development in urban and rural areas.We will continue to take developing modern agriculture and invigorating the rural economy as a primary task, strengthen infrastructure in rural areas, and improve the system of rural markets and that of services for agriculture.We will increase policy measures to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers, strictly protect arable land, increase spending on agriculture, promote advances in agriculture-related science and technology, and improve overall agricultural production capacity to ensure food security for the nation.We will intensify efforts to prevent and control animal and plant epidemic diseases and improve the quality and safety of agricultural products.To increase farmers' income, we will develop rural enterprises, expand county economies, and transfer rural labor out of farming through various channels.We will enhance poverty reduction through development.We will deepen the comprehensive rural reform, promote reform and innovation in the rural banking system, and reform the system of collective forest rights.We will uphold the basic system for rural operations, stabilize and improve land contract relations, improve the market for transferring land contract and management rights in accordance with the law and on a voluntary and compensatory basis, and develop various forms of appropriate large-scale operations where conditions permit.We will explore effective forms of collective economic operations, develop specialized farmers' cooperatives, and support the industrialized operation of agriculture and the development of leading agribusinesses.We will train a new type of farmers

地承包关系，按照依法自愿有偿原则，健全土地承包经营权流转市场，有条件的地方可以发展多种形式的适度规模经营。探索集体经济有效实现形式，发展农民专业合作组织，支持农业产业化经营和龙头企业发展。培育有文化、懂技术、会经营的新型农民，发挥亿万农民建设新农村的主体作用。

（四）加强能源资源节约和生态环境保护，增强可持续发展能力。坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策，关系人民群众切身利益和中华民族生存发展。必须把建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会放在工业化、现代化发展战略的突出位置，落实到每个单位、每个家庭。要完善有利于节约能源资源和保护生态环境的法律和政策，加快形成可持续发展体制机制。落实节能减排工作责任制。开发和推广节约、替代、循环利用和治理污染的先进适用技术，发展清洁能源和可再生能源，保护土地和水资源，建设科学合理的能源资源利用体系，提高能源资源利用效率。发展环保产业。加大节能环保投入，重点加强水、大气、土壤等污染防治，改善城乡人居环境。加强水利、林业、草原建设，加强荒漠化石漠化治理，促进生态修复。加强应对气候变化能力建设，为保护全球气候作出新贡献。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 who are educated and understand both agricultural techniques and business management, and encourage hundreds of millions of farmers to play the major role in building a new countryside.4.Improve energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation and enhance China's capacity for sustainable development.Adhering to the basic state policy of conserving resources and the environment is vital to the immediate interests of the people and the survival and development of the Chinese nation.We must give prominence to building a resource-conserving, environment-friendly society in our strategy for industrialization and modernization and get every organization and family to act accordingly.We will improve laws and policies to promote energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation, and speed up the formation of systems and mechanisms for sustainable development.We will implement the responsibility system for conserving energy and reducing emissions.We willdevelop and extend advanced and appropriate technologies for conserving, substituting and recycling energy and resources and for controlling pollution, develop clean and renewable energy sources, protect land and water resources and set up a scientific, rational system for using energy and resources more efficiently.We will develop environmental conservation industries.We will increase spending on energy and environmental conservation with the focus on intensifying prevention and control of water, air and soil pollution and improving the living environment for both urban and rural residents.We will improve water conservancy, forestry and grasslands, intensify efforts to bring desertification under control and prevent the spread of stony deserts, and promote restoration of the ecosystems.We will enhance our capacity to respond to climate change and make new contributions to protecting the global climate.5.Promote balanced development among regions and improve the pattern of land development.To narrow the gap in development among regions, we must work to ensure their equal access to basic public services and guide a rational flow of factors of production between regions.Following the general strategy for

（五）推动区域协调发展，优化国土开发格局。缩小区域发展差距，必须注重实现基本公共服务均等化，引导生产要素跨区域合理流动。要继续实施区域发展总体战略，深入推进西部大开发，全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地，大力促进中部地区崛起，积极支持东部地区率先发展。加强国土规划，按照形成主体功能区的要求，完善区域政策，调整经济布局。遵循市场经济规律，突破行政区划界限，形成若干带动力强、联系紧密的经济圈和经济带。重大项目布局要充分考虑支持中西部发展，鼓励东部地区带动和帮助中西部地区发展。加大对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区发展扶持力度。帮助资源枯竭地区实现经济转型。更好发挥经济特区、上海浦东新区、天津滨海新区在改革开放和自主创新中的重要作用。走中国特色城镇化道路，按照统筹城乡、布局合理、节约土地、功能完善、以大带小的原则，促进大中小城市和小城镇协调发展。以增强综合承载能力为重点，以特大城市为依托，形成辐射作用大的城市群，培育新的经济增长极。

（六）完善基本经济制度，健全现代市场体系。坚持和完善公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度，毫不动摇地巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇地鼓励、支持、引导非公

十七大报告全文英汉对照 regional development, we will continue to carry out large-scale development of the western region, rejuvenate northeast China and other old industrial bases in an all-round way, boost the development of the central region and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.We will strengthen land planning, improve policies for regional development and adjust the geographical distribution of economic operations in accordance with the requirement to form development priority zones.In compliance with the laws governing the market economy, we will work beyond administrative divisions to form a number of close-knit economic rims and belts that will provide a strong impetus to the development of other areas.In locating major projects, we must give full consideration to supporting development of the central and western regions and encourage the eastern region to help them develop.We will give more support to the development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic autonomous areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas.We will help transform the economies of areas where natural resources are exhausted.We will have the special economic zones, the Pudong New Area in Shanghai and the Binhai New Area in Tianjin play a major role in reform, opening up and independent innovation.Taking a path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, we will promote balanced development of large, medium-sized and small cities and towns on the principle of balancing urban and rural development, ensuring rational distribution, saving land, providing a full range of functions and getting larger cities to help smaller ones.Focusing on increasing the overall carrying capacity of cities, we will form city clusters with mega cities as the core so that they can boost development in other areas and become new poles of economic growth.6.Improve the basic economic system and the modern market system.We need to uphold and improve the basic economic system in which public ownership is dominant and different economic sectors develop side by side, unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy, unswervingly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public

有制经济发展，坚持平等保护物权，形成各种所有制经济平等竞争、相互促进新格局。深化国有企业公司制股份制改革，健全现代企业制度，优化国有经济布局和结构，增强国有经济活力、控制力、影响力。深化垄断行业改革，引入竞争机制，加强政府监管和社会监督。加快建设国有资本经营预算制度。完善各类国有资产管理体制和制度。推进集体企业改革，发展多种形式的集体经济、合作经济。推进公平准入，改善融资条件，破除体制障碍，促进个体、私营经济和中小企业发展。以现代产权制度为基础，发展混合所有制经济。加快形成统一开放竞争有序的现代市场体系，发展各类生产要素市场，完善反映市场供求关系、资源稀缺程度、环境损害成本的生产要素和资源价格形成机制，规范发展行业协会和市场中介组织，健全社会信用体系。

（七）深化财税、金融等体制改革，完善宏观调控体系。围绕推进基本公共服务均等化和主体功能区建设，完善公共财政体系。深化预算制度改革，强化预算管理和监督，健全中央和地方财力与事权相匹配的体制，加快形成统一规范透明的财政转移支付制度，提高一般性转移支付规模和比例，加大公共服务领域投入。完善省以下财政体制，增强基层政府提供公共服务能力。实行有利于科学发展的财税制度，建立健全资源有偿使用制度和生态环境补偿机制。推进金融体制改革，发展各类金融市场，形成多种所有制和多种经营形式、结构合理、功能完善、高效安全的现代金融体系。提高银行业、证券业、保险业竞争

十七大报告全文英汉对照 sector, ensure equal protection of property rights, and create a new situation in which all economic sectors compete on an equal footing and reinforce each other.We will deepen the reform to introduce the corporate and shareholding systems in state-owned enterprises, improve the modern corporate structure and optimize the distribution and structure of the state sector of the economy to enhance its dynamism, dominance and influence.We will deepen the reform of monopoly industries by introducing competition, and strengthen government regulation and public oversight of them.We will accelerate development ofa budget system for managing state capital and improve systems and regulations for managing all types of state assets.We will press ahead with the reform of collectively-owned enterprises and develop various forms of collective and cooperative economic operations.We will promote equitable market access, improve the financing environment and remove institutional barriers in order to promote development of individually-owned businesses and private companies as well as small and medium-sized enterprises.We will develop the economic sector of mixed ownership based on the modern system of property rights.We will accelerate the formation of a modern market system that is unified and open and that allows orderly competition, develop markets for factors of production, improve the pricing mechanism for factors of production and resources to reflect changes in market supply and demand, resource scarcities and environmental costs, regulate and develop industry associations and market-based intermediaries, and improve the social credibility system.7.Deepen fiscal, taxation and financial restructuring and improve macroeconomic regulation.We will improve the public finance system as we work to ensure equal access to basic public services and establish development priority zones.We need to deepen reform of the budget system, tighten budgetary management and oversight, improve the system whereby both the central and local governments have financial resources proportionate to their duties and responsibilities, accelerate the establishment of a unified, standardized and

力。优化资本市场结构，多渠道提高直接融资比重。加强和改进金融监管，防范和化解金融风险。完善人民币汇率形成机制，逐步实现资本项目可兑换。深化投资体制改革，健全和严格市场准入制度。完善国家规划体系。发挥国家发展规划、计划、产业政策在宏观调控中的导向作用，综合运用财政、货币政策，提高宏观调控水平。

（八）拓展对外开放广度和深度，提高开放型经济水平。坚持对外开放的基本国策，把“引进来”和“走出去”更好结合起来，扩大开放领域，优化开放结构，提高开放质量，完善内外联动、互利共赢、安全高效的开放型经济体系，形成经济全球化条件下参与国际经济合作和竞争新优势。深化沿海开放，加快内地开放，提升沿边开放，实现对内对外开放相互促进。加快转变外贸增长方式，立足以质取胜，调整进出口结构，促进加工贸易转型升级，大力发展服务贸易。创新利用外资方式，优化利用外资结构，发挥利用外资在推动自主创新、产业升级、区域协调发展等方面的积极作用。创新对外投资和合作方式，支持企业在研发、生产、销售等方面开展国际化经营，加快培育我国的跨国公司和国际知名品牌。积极开展国际能源资源互利合作。实施自由贸易区战略，加强双边多边经贸合作。采取综合措施促进国际收支基本平衡。注重防范国际经济风险。

实现国民经济又好又快发展，必将进一步增强我国经济实力，彰显社会主义市场经济的强大生机活力。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 transparent system for transfer payments, enlarge the size and proportion of general transfer payments, and increase input in public services.We will improve fiscal systems at and below the provincial level to enhance the capacity of county and township governments to provide public services.We will adopt fiscal and taxation systems conducive to scientific development and set up sound compensation systems for use of resources and for damage to the ecological environment.We will proceed with financial reforms to develop various types of financial markets and build a modern financial system that is inclusive of different forms of ownership and different ways of operation and that features a reasonable structure, complete functions, efficiency and security.We will make our banking, securities and insurance industries more competitive.We will improve the structure of the capital market and raise the proportion of direct financing through multiple channels.We will strengthen financial supervision and control, and forestall and defuse financial risks.We will improve the RMB exchange rate regime and gradually make the RMB convertible under capital accounts.We will deepen reform of the investment system and improve and strictly enforce market access rules.We will improve the state planning system.We will give play to the guiding role of national development plans, programs and industrial policies in macroeconomic regulation and combine the use of fiscal and monetary policies to improve macroeconomic regulation.8.Expand opening up in scope and depth and improve our open economy.Adhering to the basic state policy of opening up, we will better integrate our “bring in” and “go global” strategies, expand the areas of opening up, optimize its structure, raise its quality, and turn our open economy into one in which domestic development and opening to the outside world interact and Chinese businesses and their foreign counterparts engage in win-win cooperation, and one that features security and efficiency, in order to gain new advantages for China in international economic cooperation and competition amid economic globalization.We will deepen the opening up of coastal areas, accelerate that of inland areas and upgrade that

十七大报告全文英汉对照 of border areas, so that opening up at home and opening to the outside world will promote each other.We will expedite transformation of the growth mode of foreign trade, stress quality, adjust the mix of imports and exports, promote transformation and upgrading of processing trade, and energetically develop service trade.We will make innovations in the way of using foreign capital, improve the structure of foreign investment utilized, and let the use of foreign capital play a positive role in facilitating independent innovation, industrial upgrading and balanced development among regions.We will make innovations in our way of overseas investment and cooperation, support domestic enterprises in carrying out international operations of R&D, production and marketing, and accelerate the growth of Chinese multinational corporations and Chinese brand names in the world market.We will vigorously carry out mutually beneficial international cooperation in energy and resources.We will implement a strategy of free trade zones and expand bilateral and multilateral trade and economic cooperation.We will adopt comprehensive measures to maintain a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments.We must guard against international economic risks.By ensuring sound and rapid growth of the economy, we will further enhance China's economic strength, and enable our socialist market economy to exhibit its great vitality.VI.Unswervingly Developing Socialist Democracy People's democracy is the lifeblood of socialism.The Party has been consistently pursuing the goal of developing socialist democracy.Since China began its reform and opening up, we have made vigorous yet steady efforts to promote political restructuring, and socialist democracy has demonstrated greater vitality in the country.As an important part of the overall reform, political restructuring must be constantly deepened along with economic and social development to adapt to the growing enthusiasm of the people for participation in political affairs.We must keep to the path of political development under socialism with Chinese characteristics, and integrate the leadership of

六、坚定不移发展社会主义民主政治 人民民主是社会主义的生命。发展社会主义民主政治是我们党始终不渝的奋斗目标。改革开放以来，我们积极稳妥推进政治体制改革，我国社会主义民主政治展现出更加旺盛的生命力。政治体制改革作为我国全面改革的重要组成部分，必须随着经济社会发展而不断深化，与人民政治参与积极性不断提高相适应。要坚持中国特色社会主义政治发展道路，坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，坚持和完善人民代表大会制度、中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度

十七大报告全文英汉对照 the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and the rule of law.We must uphold and improve the system of people's congresses, the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of self-governance at the primary level of society.All this will promote continuous self-improvement and development of the socialist political system.In deepening political restructuring, we must keep to the correct political orientation.On the basis of ensuring the people's position as masters of the country, we will expand socialist democracy, build a socialist country under the rule of law and develop socialist political civilization to enhance the vitality of the Party and the state and arouse the initiative of the people.We must uphold the Party's role as the core of leadership in directing the overall situation and coordinating the efforts of all quarters, and improve its capacity for scientific, democratic and law-based governance to ensure that the Party leads the people in effectively governing the country.We must ensure that all power of the state belongs to the people, expand the citizens' orderly participation in political affairs at each level and in every field, and mobilize and organize the people as extensively as possible to manage state and social affairs as well as economic and cultural programs in accordance with the law.We must uphold the rule of law as a fundamental principle and adopt the socialist concept of law-based governance to ensure that all work of the state is based on the law and that the legitimate rights and interests of citizens are safeguarded.We must maintain the features and advantages of the socialist political system and define institutions, standards and procedures for socialist democracy to provide political and legal guarantees of lasting stability for the Party and the country.1.Expand people's democracy and ensure that they are masters of the country.The essence and core of socialist democracy are that the people are masters of the country.We need to improve institutions for democracy, diversify its forms and expand its channels, and we need to carry out democratic

以及基层群众自治制度，不断推进社会主义政治制度自我完善和发展。

深化政治体制改革，必须坚持正确政治方向，以保证人民当家作主为根本，以增强党和国家活力、调动人民积极性为目标，扩大社会主义民主，建设社会主义法治国家，发展社会主义政治文明。要坚持党总揽全局、协调各方的领导核心作用，提高党科学执政、民主执政、依法执政水平，保证党领导人民有效治理国家；坚持国家一切权力属于人民，从各个层次、各个领域扩大公民有序政治参与，最广泛地动员和组织人民依法管理国家事务和社会事务、管理经济和文化事业；坚持依法治国基本方略，树立社会主义法治理念，实现国家各项工作法治化，保障公民合法权益；坚持社会主义政治制度的特点和优势，推进社会主义民主政治制度化、规范化、程序化，为党和国家长治久安提供政治和法律制度保障。

（一）扩大人民民主，保证人民当家作主。人民当家作主是社会主义民主政治的本质和核心。要健全民主制度，丰富民主形式，拓宽民主渠道，依法实行民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督，保障人民的知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权。支持人民代表大会依法履行职能，善于使党的主张通过法定程序成为国家意志；保障人大代表依法行使职权，密切人大代表同人民的联系，建议逐步实行城乡按相同人口比例选举人大代表；加强人大常委会制度建设，优化组成人员知识结构和年龄结构。支持人民政协围绕团结和民主两大主题履行职能，推进政治协商、民主监督、十七大报告全文英汉对照 election, decision-making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law to guarantee the people's rights to be informed, to participate, to be heard, and to oversee.We must support people's congresses in performing their functions pursuant to law and effectively turn the Party's propositions into the will of the state through legal procedures.We must ensure that deputies to people's congresses exercise their functions and powers in accordance with the law and maintain close ties with the general public.We propose that both urban and rural areas gradually adopt the same ratio of deputies to the represented population in elections of deputies to people's congresses.We must strengthen the institutions of standing committees of people's congresses and improve their membership composition in terms of intellectual background and age.We will support the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)in performing its functions centered on the two major themes of unity and democracy and improve the system of political consultation, democratic oversight, and participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs.We will incorporate political consultation in decision-making procedures, improve democratic oversight and ensure that the CPPCC participates in the deliberation and administration of state affairs more effectively.The CPPCC is encouraged to improve itself and play its important role in coordinating relations, pooling strengths, making proposals and serving the overall interests of the country.We must ensure equality among all ethnic groups and guarantee the right of ethnic autonomous areas to exercise autonomy pursuant to law.To ensure scientific and democratic decision-making, we will improve the information and intellectual support for it, increase its transparency and expand public participation in it.In principle, public hearings must be held for the formulation of laws, regulations and policies that bear closely on the interests of the public.We need to step up education about citizenship and establish socialist concepts of democracy, the rule of law, freedom, equality, equity and justice.We support trade unions, the Communist Youth League, women's federations and other people's

参政议政制度建设；把政治协商纳入决策程序，完善民主监督机制，提高参政议政实效；加强政协自身建设，发挥协调关系、汇聚力量、建言献策、服务大局的重要作用。坚持各民族一律平等，保证民族自治地方依法行使自治权。推进决策科学化、民主化，完善决策信息和智力支持系统，增强决策透明度和公众参与度，制定与群众利益密切相关的法律法规和公共政策原则上要公开听取意见。加强公民意识教育，树立社会主义民主法治、自由平等、公平正义理念。支持工会、共青团、妇联等人民团体依照法律和各自章程开展工作，参与社会管理和公共服务，维护群众合法权益。

（二）发展基层民主，保障人民享有更多更切实的民主权利。人民依法直接行使民主权利，管理基层公共事务和公益事业，实行自我管理、自我服务、自我教育、自我监督，对干部实行民主监督，是人民当家作主最有效、最广泛的途径，必须作为发展社会主义民主政治的基础性工程重点推进。要健全基层党组织领导的充满活力的基层群众自治机制，扩大基层群众自治范围，完善民主管理制度，把城乡社区建设成为管理有序、服务完善、文明祥和的社会生活共同体。全心全意依靠工人阶级，完善以职工代表大会为基本形式的企事业单位民主管理制度，推进厂务公开，支持

十七大报告全文英汉对照 organizations in functioning in accordance with the law and their respective charters, participating in social management and public services and helping protect the people's legitimate rights and interests.2.Develop primary-level democracy and ensure that the people enjoy democratic rights in a more extensive and practical way.The most effective and extensive way for the people to be masters of the country is that they directly exercise their democratic rights in accordance with the law to manage public affairs and public service programs at the primary level, practice self-management, self-service, self-education and self-oversight, and exercise democratic oversight over cadres.Such practices must be emphasized and promoted as the groundwork for developing socialist democracy.We need to improve the dynamic mechanism of people's self-governance at the primary level under the leadership of primary Party organizations, expand the scope of self-governance, and improve the institution for democratic management, with a view to turning urban and rural neighborhoods into communities of social life that are well managed, supported by complete services, and filled with civility and harmony.We must rely wholeheartedly on the working class, improve the democratic management system in enterprises and public institutions with workers' conferences as its basic form and increase transparency in factory affairs to support workers' participation in management and to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.We need to deepen institutional reforms at the town and township level to strengthen government authorities there and improve the systems for transparency in government and village affairs to bring about effective connection and beneficial interaction between government administration and primary-level self-governance.We also encourage social organizations to help expand the participation by the public and report on their petitions to improve the self-governance capability of society.3.Comprehensively implement the rule of law as a fundamental principle and speed up the building of a socialist country under the rule of law.The rule of law constitutes the essential requirement of socialist

职工参与管理，维护职工合法权益。深化乡镇机构改革，加强基层政权建设，完善政务公开、村务公开等制度，实现政府行政管理与基层群众自治有效衔接和良性互动。发挥社会组织在扩大群众参与、反映群众诉求方面的积极作用，增强社会自治功能。

（三）全面落实依法治国基本方略，加快建设社会主义法治国家。依法治国是社会主义民主政治的基本要求。要坚持科学立法、民主立法，完善中国特色社会主义法律体系。加强宪法和法律实施，坚持公民在法律面前一律平等，维护社会公平正义，维护社会主义法制的统一、尊严、权威。推进依法行政。深化司法体制改革，优化司法职权配置，规范司法行为，建设公正高效权威的社会主义司法制度，保证审判机关、检察机关依法独立公正地行使审判权、检察权。加强政法队伍建设，做到严格、公正、文明执法。深入开展法制宣传教育，弘扬法治精神，形成自觉学法守法用法的社会氛围。尊重和保障人权，依法保证全体社会成员平等参与、平等发展的权利。各级党组织和全体党员要自觉在宪法和法律范围内活动，带头维护宪法和法律的权威。

（四）壮大爱国统一战线，团结一切可以团结的力量。促进政党关系、民族关系、宗教关系、阶层关系、海内外同胞

十七大报告全文英汉对照 democracy.We must persist in scientific and democratic legislation to improve the socialist law system with Chinese characteristics.We will strengthen the enforcement of the Constitution and laws, ensure that all citizens are equal before the law, and safeguard social equity and justice and the consistency, sanctity and authority of the socialist legal system.We need to carry out government administration in accordance with the law.We need to deepen the reform of the judiciary system, optimize the distribution of judicial functions and powers, standardize judicial practices, and build a fair, efficient and authoritative socialist judiciary system to ensure that courts and procuratorates exercise their respective powers independently and impartially in accordance with the law.We need to improve the overall quality of judicial, procuratorial and public security personnel to ensure that law enforcement is strict, impartial and civilized.We need to step up the education campaign to increase public awareness of law, and promote the spirit of the rule of law, creating a social environment in which people study, abide by and apply laws of their own accord.We must respect and safeguard human rights, and ensure the equal right to participation and development for all members of society in accordance with the law.Party organizations at all levels and all Party members must act under the Constitution and laws on their own initiative and take the lead in upholding the authority of the Constitution and laws.4.Expand the patriotic united front and unite with all forces that can be united.Promoting harmony in relations between political parties, between ethnic groups, between religions, between social strata, and between our compatriots at home and overseas plays an irreplaceable role in enhancing unity and pooling strengths.Acting onthe principle of long-term coexistence, mutual oversight, sincerity, and sharing of both good and bad times, we will strengthen our cooperation with the democratic parties, support them and personages without party affiliation in better performing their functions of participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs and democratic oversight, and select and recommend a

关系的和谐，对于增进团结、凝聚力量具有不可替代的作用。要贯彻长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共的方针，加强同民主党派合作共事，支持民主党派和无党派人士更好履行参政议政、民主监督职能，选拔和推荐更多优秀党外干部担任领导职务。牢牢把握各民族共同团结奋斗、共同繁荣发展的主题，保障少数民族合法权益，巩固和发展平等团结互助和谐的社会主义民族关系。全面贯彻党的宗教工作基本方针，发挥宗教界人士和信教群众在促进经济社会发展中的积极作用。鼓励新的社会阶层人士积极投身中国特色社会主义建设。认真贯彻党的侨务政策，支持海外侨胞、归侨侨眷关心和参与祖国现代化建设与和平统一大业。

（五）加快行政管理体制改革，建设服务型政府。行政管理体制改革是深化改革的重要环节。要抓紧制定行政管理体制改革总体方案，着力转变职能、理顺关系、优化结构、提高效能，形成权责一致、分工合理、决策科学、执行顺畅、监督有力的行政管理体制。健全政府职责体系，完善公共服务体系，推行电子政务，强化社会管理和公共服务。加快推进政企分开、政资分开、政事分开、政府与市场中介组织分开，规范行政行为，加强行政执法部门建设，减少和规范行政审批，减少政府对微观经济运行的干预。规范垂直管理部门和地方政府的关系。加大机构整合力度，探索实行职能有机统一的大部门体制，健全部门间协调配合机制。精简和规范各类议事协调机构及其办事机构，减少行政层次，降低行政成本，着力解决机构重叠、职责交叉、政出多门问题。统筹党委、十七大报告全文英汉对照 greater number of outstanding non-CPC persons for leading positions.Keeping in mind the objective of all ethnic groups working together for common prosperity and development, we must guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of ethnic minorities, and strengthen and develop socialist ethnic relations based on equality, solidarity, mutual assistance and harmony.We will fully implement the Party's basic principle for its work related to religious affairs and bring into play the positive role of religious personages and believers in promoting economic and social development.We encourage members of emerging social strata to take an active part in building socialism with Chinese characteristics.We will conscientiously follow the Party's policy on overseas Chinese affairs and support overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese and their relatives in caring about and participating in the modernization drive and the great cause of peaceful reunification of the motherland.5.Accelerate the reform of the administrative system and build a service-oriented government.The administrative reform is an important part of the efforts to deepen China's overall reform.We must lose no time in working out a master plan for it, with the focus on changing functions, straightening out relations, optimizing the setup and raising efficiency, and bring about a system which matches powers with responsibilities, divides work in a rational way, fosters scientific decision-making, and ensures smooth enforcement and effective oversight.We need to improve the government responsibility system and the public service system, promote e-government and strengthen social management and public services.We will accelerate the separation of the functions of the government from those of enterprises, state assets management authorities, public institutions and market-based intermediaries, standardize administrative practices, strengthen administrative law-enforcement agencies, reduce the number of matters requiring administrative examination and approval and standardize such procedures, and reduce government intervention in microeconomic operations.We will standardize the relationship between local departments directly under central

政府和人大、政协机构设置，减少领导职数，严格控制编制。加快推进事业单位分类改革。

（六）完善制约和监督机制，保证人民赋予的权力始终用来为人民谋利益。确保权力正确行使，必须让权力在阳光下运行。要坚持用制度管权、管事、管人，建立健全决策权、执行权、监督权既相互制约又相互协调的权力结构和运行机制。健全组织法制和程序规则，保证国家机关按照法定权限和程序行使权力、履行职责。完善各类公开办事制度，提高政府工作透明度和公信力。重点加强对领导干部特别是主要领导干部、人财物管理使用、关键岗位的监督，健全质询、问责、经济责任审计、引咎辞职、罢免等制度。落实党内监督条例，加强民主监督，发挥好舆论监督作用，增强监督合力和实效。

社会主义愈发展，民主也愈发展。在发展中国特色社会主义的历史进程中，中国共产党人和中国人民一定能够不断发展具有强大生命力的社会主义民主政治。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 government organs and local governments.We will step up our efforts to streamline government organs, explore ways to establish greater departments with integrated functions, and improve the mechanism of coordination and collaboration between government departments.We will downsize and standardize various organs for deliberation and coordination and their working offices, cut down levels of administration, minimize its costs, and address the problems of overlapping organizations and functions and conflicting policies from different departments.We will give overall consideration to the setup of Party committees and governments as well as that of people's congresses and CPPCC committees, reduce the number of their leading positions and strictly control their staffing.We will step up the restructuring of different categories of public institutions.6.Improve the mechanism of restraint and oversight and ensure that power entrusted by the people is always exercised in their interests.Power must be exercised in the sunshine to ensure that it is exercised correctly.We must have institutions to govern power, work and personnel, and establish a sound structure of power and a mechanism for its operation in which decision-making, enforcement and oversight powers check each other and function in coordination.We will improve organic laws and rules of procedure to ensure that state organs exercise their powers and perform their functions and responsibilities within their statutory jurisdiction and in accordance with legal procedures.We will improve the open administrative system in various areas and increase transparency in government work, thus enhancing the people's trust in the government.We will focus on tightening oversight over leading cadres and especially principal ones, over the management and use of human, financial and material resources, and over key positions.We will improve the systems of inquiries, accountability, economic responsibility auditing, resignation and recall.We will implement the intra-Party oversight regulations, strengthen democratic oversight and give scope to the oversight role of public opinion, pooling forces of oversight from all sides to make it more effective.36

十七大报告全文英汉对照 Democracy will keep developing along with the progress of socialism.In the historical course of developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, Chinese Communists and the Chinese people will surely advance socialist democracy that is full of vitality.VII.Promoting Vigorous Development and Prosperity of Socialist Culture In the present era, culture has become a more and more important source of national cohesion and creativity and a factor of growing significance in the competition in overall national strength, and the Chinese people have an increasingly ardent desire for a richer cultural life.We must keep to the orientation of advanced socialist culture, bring about a new upsurge in socialist cultural development, stimulate the cultural creativity of the whole nation, and enhance culture as part of the soft power of our country to better guarantee the people's basic cultural rights and interests, enrich the cultural life in Chinese society and inspire the enthusiasm of the people for progress.1.Build up the system of socialist core values and make socialist ideology more attractive and cohesive.The system of socialist core values represents the essence of socialist ideology.We must consolidate the guiding position of Marxism, persistently arm the whole Party with and educate the people in the latest achievements in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions, rally the people with our common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, inspire the people with patriotism-centered national spirit and with the spirit of the times centering on reform and innovation, guide social ethos with the socialist maxims of honor and disgrace, and solidify the common ideological basis of the joint endeavor of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups.We will make every effort to carry out theoretical innovation and give Marxism of contemporary China distinct characters of practice, of the Chinese nation and of the times.We will publicize the theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and take Marxism of contemporary China to the general public.We will carry on the Project to Study and Develop Marxist

七、推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣 当今时代，文化越来越成为民族凝聚力和创造力的重要源泉、越来越成为综合国力竞争的重要因素，丰富精神文化生活越来越成为我国人民的热切愿望。要坚持社会主义先进文化前进方向，兴起社会主义文化建设新高潮，激发全民族文化创造活力，提高国家文化软实力，使人民基本文化权益得到更好保障，使社会文化生活更加丰富多彩，使人民精神风貌更加昂扬向上。

（一）建设社会主义核心价值体系，增强社会主义意识形态的吸引力和凝聚力。社会主义核心价值体系是社会主义意识形态的本质体现。要巩固马克思主义指导地位，坚持不懈地用马克思主义中国化最新成果武装全党、教育人民，用中国特色社会主义共同理想凝聚力量，用以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神鼓舞斗志，用社会主义荣辱观引领风尚，巩固全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的共同思想基础。大力推进理论创新，不断赋予当代中国马克思主义鲜明的实践特色、民族特色、时代特色。开展中国特色社会主义理论体系宣传普及活动，推动当代中国马克思主义大众化。推进马克思主义理论研究和建设工程，深入回答重大理论和实际问题，培养造就一批马克思主义理论家特别是中青年理论家。切实把社会主义核心价值体系融入国民教育和精神文明建设全过程，转化为人民的自觉追求。积极探索用社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮的有效途径，主动做好意识形态工作，既尊重差异、包容多样，又有力抵制各种错误和腐朽

十七大报告全文英汉对照 Theory to provide in-depth answers to major theoretical and practical questions and to bring up a group of Marxist theoreticians, especially young and middle-aged ones.We will incorporate the socialist core values into all stages of national education and the entire process of cultural and ethical progress to make them the targets pursued by the people of their own accord.We will explore effective ways of letting the system of socialist core values guide trends of thought and take the initiative in ideological work, respecting divergence and allowing diversity while effectively resisting the influence of erroneous and decadent ideas.We will develop philosophy and social sciences, promoting innovation in academic disciplines, academic viewpoints and research methods.We encourage people working in these fields to serve as a think tank for the cause of the Party and the people, and we will introduce related outstanding achievements and distinguished scholars to the world arena.2.Foster a culture of harmony and cultivate civilized practices.A culture of harmony provides important intellectual support for the unity and progress of all our people.We must step up the development of the press, publishing, radio, film, television, literature and art, give correct guidance to the public and foster healthy social trends.We must balance cultural development between urban and rural areas and among different regions, focusing on enriching the cultural life in rural and remote areas and of rural migrant workers in cities.We will strengthen efforts to develop and manage Internet culture and foster a good cyber environment.We will promote patriotism, collectivism and socialist ideology.With the emphasis on enhancing people's awareness of integrity, we will promote social ethics, professional codes of conduct, family virtues and individual morality, let paragons of virtue serve as role models for society, and guide people in conscientiously carrying out legal obligations and social and family responsibilities.We will strengthen and improve our ideological and political work, paying attention to compassionate care and psychological counseling and correctly handling interpersonal relations.We will mobilize all sectors of society in doing

思想的影响。繁荣发展哲学社会科学，推进学科体系、学术观点、科研方法创新，鼓励哲学社会科学界为党和人民事业发挥思想库作用，推动我国哲学社会科学优秀成果和优秀人才走向世界。

（二）建设和谐文化，培育文明风尚。和谐文化是全体人民团结进步的重要精神支撑。要积极发展新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术事业，坚持正确导向，弘扬社会正气。重视城乡、区域文化协调发展，着力丰富农村、偏远地区、进城务工人员的精神文化生活。加强网络文化建设和管理，营造良好网络环境。大力弘扬爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想，以增强诚信意识为重点，加强社会公德、职业道德、家庭美德、个人品德建设，发挥道德模范榜样作用，引导人们自觉履行法定义务、社会责任、家庭责任。加强和改进思想政治工作，注重人文关怀和心理疏导，用正确方式处理人际关系。动员社会各方面共同做好青少年思想道德教育工作，为青少年健康成长创造良好社会环境。深入开展群众性精神文明创建活动，完善社会志愿服务体系，形成男女平等、尊老爱幼、互爱互助、见义勇为的社会风尚。弘扬科学精神，普及科学知识。广泛开展全民健身运动。办好二００八年奥运会、残奥会和二０一０年世博会。

（三）弘扬中华文化，建设中华民族共有精神家园。中华文化是中华民族生生不息、团结奋进的不竭动力。要全面认识祖国传统文化，取其精华，去其糟粕，十七大报告全文英汉对照 a good job of ideological and moral education among young people and create a favorable environment for their healthy development.We will carry out intensive activities to promote cultural and ethical progress among the public, improve the system of voluntary public services, and encourage practices such as upholding gender equality, respecting the elderly, caring for the young, showing concern for and helping each other and coming to the rescue of others even at risk to oneself.We will promote the scientific spirit and spread scientific knowledge.We will launch extensive public fitness programs and ensure the success of the 2008 Olympic Games and the Paralympics in Beijing and the 2010 World Exposition in Shanghai.3.Promote Chinese culture and build the common spiritual home for the Chinese nation.Chinese culture has been an unfailing driving force for the Chinese nation to keep its unity and make progress from generation to generation.We must have a comprehensive understanding of traditional Chinese culture, keep its essence and discard its dross to enable it to fit in with present-day society, stay in harmony with modern civilization, keep its national character and reflect changes of the times.We will further publicize the fine traditions of Chinese culture and use modern means of science and technology to exploit the rich resources of our national culture.We will explore and better protect the cultures of all ethnic groups, attach great importance to the protection of cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage and do a good job collating ancient books and records.We will also strengthen international cultural exchanges to draw on the fine achievements of foreign cultures and enhance the influence of Chinese culture worldwide.4.Stimulate cultural innovation and enhance the vitality of cultural development.The only way to invigorate culture is to promote innovation in its content and form, its structure and mechanism, and its means of dissemination from the high starting point of our times and release and develop its productive forces.We must keep to the orientation of serving the people and socialism, upholdthe principle of letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend, and maintain close contact with

使之与当代社会相适应、与现代文明相协调，保持民族性，体现时代性。加强中华优秀文化传统教育，运用现代科技手段开发利用民族文化丰厚资源。加强对各民族文化的挖掘和保护，重视文物和非物质文化遗产保护，做好文化典籍整理工作。加强对外文化交流，吸收各国优秀文明成果，增强中华文化国际影响力。

（四）推进文化创新，增强文化发展活力。在时代的高起点上推动文化内容形式、体制机制、传播手段创新，解放和发展文化生产力，是繁荣文化的必由之路。要坚持为人民服务、为社会主义服务的方向和百花齐放、百家争鸣的方针，贴近实际、贴近生活、贴近群众，始终把社会效益放在首位，做到经济效益与社会效益相统一。创作更多反映人民主体地位和现实生活、群众喜闻乐见的优秀精神文化产品。深化文化体制改革，完善扶持公益性文化事业、发展文化产业、鼓励文化创新的政策，营造有利于出精品、出人才、出效益的环境。坚持把发展公益性文化事业作为保障人民基本文化权益的主要途径，加大投入力度，加强社区和乡村文化设施建设。大力发展文化产业，实施重大文化产业项目带动战略，加快文化产业基地和区域性特色文化产业群建设，培育文化产业骨干企业和战略投资者，繁荣文化市场，增强国际竞争力。运用高新技术创新文化生产方式，培育新的文化业态，加快构建传输快捷、覆盖广泛的文化传播体系。设立国家荣誉制度，表彰有杰出贡献的文化工作者。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 reality, life and the public.We must always give top priority to social benefits and try to ensure both good economic returns and social benefits.We must create more excellent, popular works that reflect the people's principal position in the country and their real life.We must deepen cultural restructuring and improve the policies for supporting nonprofit cultural programs, developing the cultural industry and encouraging cultural innovation, so as to create favorable conditions for producing fine works, outstanding personnel and good results.We must continue to develop nonprofit cultural programs as the main approach to ensuring the basic cultural rights and interests of the people, increase spending on such programs, and build more cultural facilities in urban communities and rural areas.We must vigorously develop the cultural industry, launch major projects to lead the industry as a whole, speed up development of cultural industry bases and clusters of cultural industries with regional features, nurture key enterprises and strategic investors, create a thriving cultural market and enhance the industry's international competitiveness.We will use new and high technology to create new ways of producing cultural works, foster new forms of operation in the cultural industry and accelerate the establishment of a dissemination system featuring fast communication and wide coverage.We will establish a national system of honors for outstanding cultural workers.The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will definitely be accompanied by the thriving of Chinese culture.We will give full scope to the principal position of the people in cultural development, arouse the enthusiasm of cultural workers, promote vigorous development and prosperity of culture more conscientiously and actively, and create cultural works in the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics, so that the people will share in the benefits of cultural development.VIII.Accelerating Social Development with the Focus on Improving People's Livelihood Social development is closely related to the people's well-being.More importance must therefore be

中华民族伟大复兴必然伴随着中华文化繁荣兴盛。要充分发挥人民在文化建设中的主体作用，调动广大文化工作者的积极性，更加自觉、更加主动地推动文化大发展大繁荣，在中国特色社会主义的伟大实践中进行文化创造，让人民共享文化发展成果。

八、加快推进以改善民生为重点的社会建设

社会建设与人民幸福安康息息相关。必须在经济发展的基础上，更加注重社会

十七大报告全文英汉对照 attached to social development on the basis of economic growth to ensure and improve people's livelihood, carry out social restructuring, expand public services, improve social management and promote social equity and justice.We must do our best to ensure that all our people enjoy their rights to education, employment, medical and old-age care, and housing, so as to build a harmonious society.1.Give priority to education and turn China into a country rich in human resources.Education is the cornerstone of national rejuvenation, and equal access to education provides an important underpinning for social equity.We must implement the Party's educational policy to the letter, focus on educating students with top priority given to cultivating their moral integrity, improve their overall quality, modernize the educational system, and train socialist builders and successors who have all-round attainments in moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic education.All this is designed to run education to the satisfaction of the people.We will optimize the educational structure, promote balanced development of compulsory education, move faster toward universal access to senior secondary education, vigorously develop vocational education, and improve the quality of higher education.We will also attach importance to pre-school education and care about special education.We will update our views on education and deepen reform in curricula, modes of instruction, the systems of examination and enrollment, and the system for evaluating educational quality.We will ease the study load of primary and secondary school students and improve their overall quality.We will continue to run education on a nonprofit basis, increase government spending on education, regulate the collection of education-related fees, support the development of education in poverty-stricken and ethnic autonomous areas, improve the system of financial aid to students, and ensure that children from poor families and of rural migrant workers in cities enjoy equal access to compulsory education as other children.We will build up the ranks of teachers, with the emphasis on improving the quality of teachers in rural areas.We will

建设，着力保障和改善民生，推进社会体制改革，扩大公共服务，完善社会管理，促进社会公平正义，努力使全体人民学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居，推动建设和谐社会。

（一）优先发展教育，建设人力资源强国。教育是民族振兴的基石，教育公平是社会公平的重要基础。要全面贯彻党的教育方针，坚持育人为本、德育为先，实施素质教育，提高教育现代化水平，培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人，办好人民满意的教育。优化教育结构，促进义务教育均衡发展，加快普及高中阶段教育，大力发展职业教育，提高高等教育质量。重视学前教育，关心特殊教育。更新教育观念，深化教学内容方式、考试招生制度、质量评价制度等改革，减轻中小学生课业负担，提高学生综合素质。坚持教育公益性质，加大财政对教育投入，规范教育收费，扶持贫困地区、民族地区教育，健全学生资助制度，保障经济困难家庭、进城务工人员子女平等接受义务教育。加强教师队伍建设，重点提高农村教师素质。鼓励和规范社会力量兴办教育。发展远程教育和继续教育，建设全民学习、终身学习的学习型社会。

（二）实施扩大就业的发展战略，促进以创业带动就业。就业是民生之本。要坚持实施积极的就业政策，加强政府引导，完善市场就业机制，扩大就业规模，改善就业结构。完善支持自主创业、自谋职业政策，加强就业观念教育，使更

十七大报告全文英汉对照 encourage and regulate educational programs run by nongovernmental sectors.Distance learning and continuing education will be promoted to make ours a society in which every citizen is committed to learning and pursues lifelong learning.2.Implement a development strategy that promotes job creation and encourage entrepreneurship to create more employment opportunities.Employment is vital to people's livelihood.We will continue to follow a proactive employment policy, strengthen government guidance,improve the market mechanism for employment, create more jobs and improve the employment structure.We will improve policies to encourage people to start businesses or find jobs on their own and promote a healthy attitude toward employment so that more people in the labor force will launch their own businesses.We will improve vocational education and training for the labor force and intensify pre-employment training for surplus labor transferred from rural areas.We will establish a unified, standardized labor market and a mechanism that ensures equal employment opportunities for both urban and rural residents.We will improve employment assistance to the needy and make it a priority to help zero-employment families to have job opportunities.We will do our best to help college graduates find jobs.We will regulate and coordinate labor relations, improve and implement government policies concerning rural migrant workers in cities, and protect the rights and interests of every worker in accordance with the law.3.Deepen reform of the income distribution system and increase the income of urban and rural residents.Equitable income distribution is an important indication of social equity.We will adhere to and improve the system whereby distribution according to work remains the predominant mode and coexists with various other modes.We will improve the distribution system to allow factors of production such as labor, capital, technology and managerial expertise to have a rightful share according to their respective contribution.A proper balance will be struck between efficiency and equity in both primary distribution and redistribution, with particular emphasis on equity in

多劳动者成为创业者。健全面向全体劳动者的职业教育培训制度，加强农村富余劳动力转移就业培训。建立统一规范的人力资源市场，形成城乡劳动者平等就业的制度。完善面向所有困难群众的就业援助制度，及时帮助零就业家庭解决就业困难。积极做好高校毕业生就业工作。规范和协调劳动关系，完善和落实国家对农民工的政策，依法维护劳动者权益。

（三）深化收入分配制度改革，增加城乡居民收入。合理的收入分配制度是社会公平的重要体现。要坚持和完善按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度，健全劳动、资本、技术、管理等生产要素按贡献参与分配的制度，初次分配和再分配都要处理好效率和公平的关系，再分配更加注重公平。逐步提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重。着力提高低收入者收入，逐步提高扶贫标准和最低工资标准，建立企业职工工资正常增长机制和支付保障机制。创造条件让更多群众拥有财产性收入。保护合法收入，调节过高收入，取缔非法收入。扩大转移支付，强化税收调节，打破经营垄断，创造机会公平，整顿分配秩序，逐步扭转收入分配差距扩大趋势。

（四）加快建立覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系，保障人民基本生活。社会保障是社会安定的重要保证。要以社会保险、社会救助、社会福利为基础，以基

十七大报告全文英汉对照 redistribution.We will gradually increase the share of personal income in the distribution of national income, and raise that of work remuneration in primary distribution.Vigorous efforts will be made to raise the income of low-income groups, gradually increase poverty-alleviation aid and the minimum wage, and set up a mechanism of regular pay increases for enterprise employees anda mechanism for guaranteeing payment of their salaries.Conditions will be created to enable more citizens to have property income.We will protect lawful incomes, regulate excessively high incomes and ban illegal gains.We will increase transfer payments, intensify the regulation of incomes through taxation, break business monopolies, create equal opportunities, and overhaul income distribution practices with a view to gradually reversing the growing income disparity.4.Accelerate the establishment of a social security system covering both urban and rural residents and guarantee their basic living conditions.Social security is an important guarantee of social stability.We will step up the building of a sound social security system that is based on social insurance, assistance and welfare, with basic old-age pension, basic medical care and subsistence allowances as its backbone, and supplemented by charity and commercial insurance.We will promote reform of basic old-age insurance systems in enterprises, Party and government organs and public institutions and explore ways to set up an old-age insurance system in rural areas.We will promote the development of basic medical insurance systems for urban workers and residents and a new type of cooperative medical care system in rural areas.We will improve the system of subsistence allowances for both urban and rural residents and gradually increase such allowances.We will improve the systems of unemployment, workers' compensation and maternity insurances.We will upgrade management of social security funds to higher-level authorities and work out unified methods fortransferring social security accounts nationwide.We will provide more social security funds through various means and strengthen their oversight and management to maintain and increase their value.We will improve

本养老、基本医疗、最低生活保障制度为重点，以慈善事业、商业保险为补充，加快完善社会保障体系。促进企业、机关、事业单位基本养老保险制度改革，探索建立农村养老保险制度。全面推进城镇职工基本医疗保险、城镇居民基本医疗保险、新型农村合作医疗制度建设。完善城乡居民最低生活保障制度，逐步提高保障水平。完善失业、工伤、生育保险制度。提高统筹层次，制定全国统一的社会保险关系转续办法。采取多种方式充实社会保障基金，加强基金监管，实现保值增值。健全社会救助体系。做好优抚安置工作。发扬人道主义精神，发展残疾人事业。加强老龄工作。强化防灾减灾工作。健全廉租住房制度，加快解决城市低收入家庭住房困难。

（五）建立基本医疗卫生制度，提高全民健康水平。健康是人全面发展的基础，关系千家万户幸福。要坚持公共医疗卫生的公益性质，坚持预防为主、以农村为重点、中西医并重，实行政事分开、管办分开、医药分开、营利性和非营利性分开，强化政府责任和投入，完善国民健康政策，鼓励社会参与，建设覆盖城乡居民的公共卫生服务体系、医疗服务体系、医疗保障体系、药品供应保障体系，为群众提供安全、有效、方便、价廉的医疗卫生服务。完善重大疾病防控体系，提高突发公共卫生事件应急处置能力。加强农村三级卫生服务网络和城市社区卫生服务体系建设，深化公立医院改革。建立国家基本药物制度，保证群众基本用药。扶持中医药和民族医药事业发展。加强医德医风建

十七大报告全文英汉对照 social assistance.We will do a good job providing special assistance to families of martyrs and servicemen and helping demobilized military personnel return to civilian life.We will promote programs for the disabled in a humanitarian spirit.We will develop more programs for the elderly.We will intensify our efforts in disaster prevention and reduction.We will improve the low-rent housing system and speed up resolution of the housing difficulties of low-income families in urban areas.5.Establish a basic medical and health care system and improve the health of the whole nation.Health provides the foundation for people's all-round development and has a direct bearing on the happiness of each family.We must maintain the public welfare nature of public medical and health care services, always put disease prevention first, center on rural areas and attach equal importance to traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.We will separate government administration from medical institutions, management from operation, medical care from pharmaceuticals, and for-profit from nonprofit operations.We will increase government responsibilities and spending, improve the national health policy, and encourage greater participation of nongovernmental sectors so as to develop systems of public health services, medical services, medical security and medicine supply to provide both urban and rural residents with safe, effective, convenient and affordable medical and health services.We will improve the system to prevent and control the outbreak of major diseases and enhance our capacity to respond to public health emergencies.We will improve the three-tier rural health care network spanning the county, township and village and the urban community-based health care system, and deepen reform of public hospitals.We will set up a national system for basic pharmaceuticals to ensure their supply.We will support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the folk medicines of ethnic minorities.We will work harder to improve the professional ethics and style of work of health workers and the quality of medical services.We must ensure food and drug safety.We will adhere to the basic state

设，提高医疗服务质量。确保食品药品安全。坚持计划生育的基本国策，稳定低生育水平，提高出生人口素质。开展爱国卫生运动，发展妇幼卫生事业。

（六）完善社会管理，维护社会安定团结。社会稳定是人民群众的共同心愿，是改革发展的重要前提。要健全党委领导、政府负责、社会协同、公众参与的社会管理格局，健全基层社会管理体制。最大限度激发社会创造活力，最大限度增加和谐因素，最大限度减少不和谐因素。妥善处理人民内部矛盾，完善信访制度，健全党和政府主导的维护群众权益机制。重视社会组织建设和管理。加强流动人口服务和管理。坚持安全发展，强化安全生产管理和监督，有效遏制重特大安全事故。完善突发事件应急管理机制。健全社会治安防控体系，加强社会治安综合治理，深入开展平安创建活动，改革和加强城乡社区警务工作，依法防范和打击违法犯罪活动，保障人民生命财产安全。完善国家安全战略，健全国家安全体制，高度警惕和坚决防范各种分裂、渗透、颠覆活动，切实维护国家安全。

和谐社会要靠全社会共同建设。我们要紧紧依靠人民，调动一切积极因素，努力形成社会和谐人人有责、和谐社会人

十七大报告全文英汉对照 policy of family planning, keep the birthrate low and make the newborns healthier.We will launch patriotic sanitation campaigns and develop health care programs for women and children.6.Improve social management and safeguard social stability and unity.Social stability is the common aspiration of the people and an important prerequisite for reform and development.We need to improve the structure of social management comprising Party committee leadership, government responsibility, nongovernmental support and public participation, and improve the system of social management at the primary level.We will stimulate the creativity of society to the greatest extent, maximize factors conducive to harmony and minimize those detrimental to it.We will properly handle contradictions among the people, improve the system for handling complaints in the form of letters and visits from the public, and strengthen the mechanism for safeguarding the rights and interests of the people in which the Party and the government play the leading role.We will attach importance to the development and management of social organizations.We will improve services for and management of the floating population.We must ensure safe development by strengthening management and oversight of work safety and taking effective measures to prevent serious or exceptionally serious accidents.We will improve the mechanism of emergency management.We will improvethe crime prevention and control system, maintain law and order through comprehensive measures, launch intensive campaigns to ensure public security, reform and step up community policing in both urban and rural areas, and prevent and crack down on crime in accordance with the law to protect people's lives and property.We will improve the strategy and mechanism for national security, and keep high vigilance against and resolutely forestall separatist, infiltrative and subversive activities in various forms to safeguard national security.It requires joint efforts of the whole society to build a harmonious society.We must therefore rely firmly on the people and mobilize all positive factors to create a lively situation in which everyone is duty-bound to

人共享的生动局面。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 work for and benefits from social harmony.IX.Opening Up New Prospects for Modernization of National Defense and the Armed Forces To strengthen national defense and the armed forces occupies an important place in the overall arrangements for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Bearing in mind the overall strategic interests of national security and development, we must take both economic and national defense development into consideration and make our country prosperous and our armed forces powerful while building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.For the armed forces to fully carry out the historical missions assigned by the Party and the people at this new stage in the new century, we must always follow the guidance of Mao Zedong's military thinking, Deng Xiaoping's thinking on building the armed forces in the new period and Jiang Zemin's thinking on building national defense and the armed forces, and take the Scientific Outlook on Development as an important guiding principle for strengthening national defense and the armed forces.We must implement the military strategy for the new period, accelerate the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics, ensure military preparedness, and enhance the military's capability to respond to various security threats and accomplish diverse military tasks.We are determined to safeguard China's sovereignty, security and territorial integrity and help maintain world peace.To make the armed forces more revolutionary, modernized and standardized is an integrated endeavor, and balanced progress must be made in all the three aspects.We must always adhere to the fundamental principle of the Party exercising absolute leadership over the armed forces and the fundamental purpose of the armed forces serving the people.We will educate the military in its historical missions, ideals, beliefs, combat-ready spirit and the socialist maxims of honor and disgrace, and ensure that it carries forward its fine traditions of following the Party's orders, serving the people and fighting valiantly and skillfully.We must build strong armed

九、开创国防和军队现代化建设新局面

国防和军队建设，在中国特色社会主义事业总体布局中占有重要地位。必须站在国家安全和发展战略全局的高度，统筹经济建设和国防建设，在全面建设小康社会进程中实现富国和强军的统一。

全面履行党和人民赋予的新世纪新阶段军队历史使命，必须坚持以毛泽东军事思想、邓小平新时期军队建设思想、江泽民国防和军队建设思想为指导，把科学发展观作为国防和军队建设的重要指导方针，贯彻新时期军事战略方针，加快中国特色军事变革，做好军事斗争准备，提高军队应对多种安全威胁、完成多样化军事任务的能力，坚决维护国家主权、安全、领土完整，为维护世界和平贡献力量。

军队革命化、现代化、正规化建设是统一的整体，必须全面加强、协调推进。要始终坚持党对军队绝对领导的根本原则和人民军队的根本宗旨，深入进行军队历史使命、理想信念、战斗精神和社会主义荣辱观教育，大力弘扬听党指挥、服务人民、英勇善战的优良传统。坚持科技强军，按照建设信息化军队、打赢信息化战争的战略目标，加快机械化和信息化复合发展，积极开展信息化条件下军事训练，全面建设现代后勤，加紧培养大批高素质新型军事人才，切实转变战斗力生成模式。坚持依法治军、从严治军，完善军事法规，加强科学管理。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 forces through science and technology.To attain the strategic objective of building computerized armed forces and winning IT-based warfare, we will accelerate composite development of mechanization and computerization, carry out military training under IT-based conditions, modernize every aspect of logistics, intensify our efforts to train a new type of high-caliber military personnel in large numbers and change the mode of generating combat capabilities.We must run the armed forces in accordance with the law, enforce strict discipline, improve relevant laws and regulations and strengthen scientific management.In keeping with the new trends in world military affairs and the new requirements of China's development, we must promote innovation in military theory, technology, organization and management.We will adjust and reform the structure, staffing, policies and institutions of the armed forces to gradually develop a complete set of scientific modes of organization, institutions and ways of operation with Chinese characteristics and in conformity with the laws governing the development of modern armed forces.We will adjust and reform the systems of defense-related science, technology and industry and of weapons and equipment procurement, and enhance our capacity for independent innovation in R&D of weapons and equipment with better quality and cost-effectiveness.We will establish sound systems of weapons and equipment research and manufacturing, military personnel training and logistics that integrate military with civilian purposes and combine military efforts with civilian support, build the armed forces through diligence and thrift, and blaze a path of development with Chinese characteristics featuring military and civilian integration.We will enrich and develop military sciences by carefully studying the features and laws of building and running the armed forces and the strategies and tactics for people's war under the new historical conditions.We will raise the people's awareness of national defense, strengthen national defense mobilization by improving the mobilization system, and enhance the quality of the reserves and the militia.We will

适应世界军事发展新趋势和我国发展新要求，推进军事理论、军事技术、军事组织、军事管理创新。调整改革军队体制编制和政策制度，逐步形成一整套既有中国特色又符合现代军队建设规律的科学的组织模式、制度安排和运作方式。调整改革国防科技工业体制和武器装备采购体制，提高武器装备研制的自主创新能力和质量效益。建立和完善军民结合、寓军于民的武器装备科研生产体系、军队人才培养体系和军队保障体系，坚持勤俭建军，走出一条中国特色军民融合式发展路子。深入研究新的历史条件下建军治军特点规律和人民战争战略战术，繁荣和发展军事科学。

增强全民国防观念，完善国防动员体系，加强国防动员建设，提高预备役部队和民兵建设质量。加强人民武装警察部队建设，更好履行维护国家安全和社会稳定、保障人民安居乐业的职责使命。坚持拥军优属、拥政爱民，积极开展军民共建，巩固军政军民团结。各级党组织、政府和人民群众要一如既往支持国防和军队建设，军队要继续为经济社会发展作贡献。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 strengthen the People's Armed Police so that it can better fulfill its duties of safeguarding national security and social stability and ensuring that the people live and work in peace.We must ensure that the government and the people support the military and give preferential treatment to the families of servicemen and martyrs, and that the military supports the government and cherishes the people.We will energetically encourage the military and the people to work together to promote cultural and ethical progress, and consolidate the solidarity between the military and the government and between the military and the people.Party organizations and governments at all levels and the general public will, as always, support efforts to strengthen national defense and the armed forces, and the military will continue to contribute to economic and social development.X.Carrying Forward the Practice of “One Country, Two Systems” and Advancing the Great Cause of Peaceful National Reunification Since the return of Hong Kong and Macao to the motherland, more and more experience has been gained in putting into practicethe principle of “one country, two systems.” The principle is perfectly correct and full of vigor.To realize China's peaceful reunification on this principle accords with the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation.A major task the Party faces in running the country in the new circumstances is to ensure long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao.We will unswervingly implement the principle of “one country, two systems,” under which Hong Kong people administer Hong Kong and Macao people administer Macao with a high degree of autonomy, and act in strict accordance with the basic laws of the two special administrative regions.We will render full support to the governments of the two regions in their administration in accordance with the law and in their efforts to promote economic growth, improve people's lives and advance democracy.We encourage people from all walks of life in Hong Kong and Macao to work with one accord to promote social amity under the banner of love for the motherland and devotion to their

十、推进“一国两制”实践和祖国和平统一大业

香港、澳门回归祖国以来，“一国两制”实践日益丰富。“一国两制”是完全正确的，具有强大生命力。按照“一国两制”实现祖国和平统一，符合中华民族根本利益。

保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定是党在新形势下治国理政面临的重大课题。我们将坚定不移地贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，严格按照特别行政区基本法办事；全力支持特别行政区政府依法施政，着力发展经济、改善民生、推进民主；鼓励香港、澳门各界人士在爱国爱港、爱国爱澳旗帜下和衷共济，促进社会和睦；加强内地与香港、澳门交流合作，实现优势互补、共同发展；积极支持香港、澳门开展对外交往，坚决反对外部势力干预香港、澳门事务。香港同胞、澳门同胞完全有智慧有能力管理好、建设好香港、澳门，香港、澳门已经并将继续为国家现代化建设发挥重要作用，伟大祖国永远是香港、澳门繁荣稳定的坚强后

十七大报告全文英汉对照 respective regions.We will increase exchanges and cooperation between the mainland and the two regions so that they can draw on each other's strengths and develop side by side.We will actively support the two regions in their external exchanges and firmly oppose attempts by any external force to interfere in their affairs.Our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao, without doubt, have the wisdom and ability to successfully administer and develop their regions.Both regions have played and will continue to play an important role in China's modernization drive, and the great motherland will always provide them with strong backing for their prosperity and stability.To resolve the Taiwan question and achieve complete national reunification is a common aspiration of all sons and daughters of the Chinese nation.We will uphold the principle of “peaceful reunification and one country, two systems” and the eight-point proposal for developing the relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits and advancing the process of peaceful national reunification in the present stage.We will never waver in our commitment to the one-China principle, never abandon our efforts to achieve peaceful reunification, never change the policy of placing our hopes on the people in Taiwan and never compromise in our opposition to the secessionist activities aimed at “Taiwan independence.” With a firm grasp of the theme of peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, we will sincerely work for the well-being of our compatriots on both sides of the Straits and for peace in the Taiwan Straits region, and safeguard China's sovereignty and territorial integrity and the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation.Upholding the one-China principle constitutes the political basis for peaceful development of cross-Straits relations.Although the mainland and Taiwan are yet to be reunified, the fact that they belong to one and the same China has never changed.China is the common homeland for the compatriots on both sides of the Straits, who have every reason to join hands to safeguard and develop this homeland.We are ready to conduct exchanges, dialogue, consultations and negotiations with any political party in Taiwan on any issue as long as it recognizes that both sides of the

盾。

解决台湾问题、实现祖国完全统一，是全体中华儿女的共同心愿。我们将遵循“和平统一、一国两制”的方针和现阶段发展两岸关系、推进祖国和平统一进程的八项主张，坚持一个中国原则决不动摇，争取和平统一的努力决不放弃，贯彻寄希望于台湾人民的方针决不改变，反对“台独”分裂活动决不妥协，牢牢把握两岸关系和平发展的主题，真诚为两岸同胞谋福祉、为台海地区谋和平，维护国家主权和领土完整，维护中华民族根本利益。

坚持一个中国原则，是两岸关系和平发展的政治基础。尽管两岸尚未统一，但大陆和台湾同属一个中国的事实从未改变。中国是两岸同胞的共同家园，两岸同胞理应携手维护好、建设好我们的共同家园。台湾任何政党，只要承认两岸同属一个中国，我们都愿意同他们交流对话、协商谈判，什么问题都可以谈。我们郑重呼吁，在一个中国原则的基础上，协商正式结束两岸敌对状态，达成和平协议，构建两岸关系和平发展框架，开创两岸关系和平发展新局面。

十三亿大陆同胞和两千三百万台湾同胞是血脉相连的命运共同体。凡是对台湾同胞有利的事情，凡是对维护台海和平有利的事情，凡是对促进祖国和平统一有利的事情，我们都会尽最大努力做

十七大报告全文英汉对照 Straits belong to one and the same China.Here we would like to make a solemn appeal: On the basis of the one-China principle, let us discuss a formal end to the state of hostility between the two sides, reach a peace agreement, construct a framework for peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, and thus usher in a new phase of peaceful development.The 1.3 billion people on the mainland and the 23 million people in Taiwan are of the same blood and share a common destiny.We will make every effort to achieve anything that serves the interests of our Taiwan compatriots, contributes to the maintenance of peace in the Taiwan Straits region, and facilitates peaceful national reunification.We understand, trust and care about our compatriots in Taiwan, and we will, therefore, continue to implement and enrich the policies and measures that benefit them, protect their legitimate rights and interests in accordance with the law, and support economic development on the west shore of the Straits in Fujian Province and in other areas where Taiwan investment is concentrated.The compatriots on both sides of the Straits need to increase contacts, strengthen economic and cultural exchanges in more areas and at higher levels and push for the resumption of direct links of mail, transport and trade, so that they will develop greater empathy and closer cooperation and work together for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.At present, the forces for “Taiwan independence” are stepping up their secessionist activities, seriously jeopardizing the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations.The compatriots on both sides need to work together to oppose and contain such activities.China's sovereignty and territorial integrity brook no division, and any matter in this regard must be decided by the entire Chinese people including our Taiwan compatriots.We are willing to make every effort with the utmost sincerity to achieve peaceful reunification of the two sides, and will never allow anyone to separate Taiwan from the motherland in any name or by any means.The two sides of the Straits are bound to be reunified in the course of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.With close solidarity and concerted efforts of all

好。我们理解、信赖、关心台湾同胞，将继续实施和充实惠及广大台湾同胞的政策措施，依法保护台湾同胞的正当权益，支持海峡西岸和其他台商投资相对集中地区经济发展。两岸同胞要加强交往，加强经济文化交流，继续拓展领域、提高层次，推动直接“三通”，使彼此感情更融洽、合作更深化，为实现中华民族伟大复兴而共同努力。

当前，“台独”分裂势力加紧进行分裂活动，严重危害两岸关系和平发展。两岸同胞要共同反对和遏制“台独”分裂活动。中国主权和领土完整不容分割。任何涉及中国主权和领土完整的问题，必须由包括台湾同胞在内的全中国人民共同决定。我们愿以最大诚意、尽最大努力实现两岸和平统一，绝不允许任何人以任何名义任何方式把台湾从祖国分割出去。

两岸统一是中华民族走向伟大复兴的历史必然。海内外中华儿女紧密团结、共同奋斗，祖国完全统一就一定能够实现。

十七大报告全文英汉对照

第二篇：2005年政府工作报告(中英文)

2005年政府工作报告全文（中英文对照）

各位代表：

现在，我代表国务院，向大会作政府工作报告，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

一、过去一年工作回顾

2004年，全国各族人民在中国共产党领导下，高举邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想伟大旗帜，团结奋进，锐意创新，社会主义现代化事业取得令人鼓舞的重大成就。过去一年，我们是 在应对新的挑战和考验中前进的。近两年我国经济运行中出现了一些新问题，主要是粮食供求关系趋紧，固定资产投资膨胀，货币信贷投放过

快，煤电油运紧张。如果任其发展下去，局部性问题就会演变为全局性问题。党中央、国务院审时度势，及时

作出了加强宏观调控的决策和部署，按照果断有力、适时适度、区别对待、注重实效的原则，综合运用经济、法律手段和必要的行政手段，着力解决影响经济平稳较快发展的突出问题。经过全国上下共同努力，宏观调控

取得明显成效。经济运行中不稳定不健康因素得到抑制，薄弱环节得到加强，避免了经济大的起落。

一年来的成就集中表现在：经济保持平稳较快发展，综合国力进一步增强；改革取得重要进展，对外开放实现

新突破；社会事业加快发展，人民生活继续改善。2004年，国内生产总值达到13.65万亿元，比上年增长9.5%；

财政收入2.63万亿元，增长21.4%；社会消费品零售总额5.4万亿元，增长13.3%；进出口贸易总额1.15万亿美元，增长35.7%，由上年居世界第四位上升为第三位；城镇新增就业980万人，超过预期目标；城镇居民人均可支

配收入9422元，农村居民人均纯收入2936元，扣除价格因素，分别实际增长7.7%和6.8%。这些成就，标志着我

国在全面建设小康社会道路上又迈出坚实的一步。

一年来，我们主要做了以下几方面工作。

(一)采取更直接、更有力的政策措施，促进粮食增产和农民增收。这次宏观调控是从加强农业入手的。主要措

施是：减免农业税

取消除烟叶以外的农业特产税，对种粮农民实行直接补贴，对部分地区农民实行良种补贴和农机具购置补贴，对重点粮食品种实行最低收购价政策。大幅度增加对农业、农村特别是粮食主产区的建设投入。全年中央财政

用于“三农”的支出共2626亿元，增长22.5%。同时，推进农业结构调整，多渠道增加农民收入。这些政策措施

力度之大，农民得到实惠之多，是多年来少有的，极大地调动了广大农民的积极性。粮食生产出现重要转机，全年粮食总产量 达到46947万吨，增产3877万吨。粮食增产和农民增收，对于稳定经济全局起到了至关重要的作用。

(二)控制固定资产投资过快增长，大力加强薄弱环节。主要是严把土地审批和信贷投放两个闸门，控制投资需

求膨胀，遏制部分行业盲目投资和低水平重复建设。深入整顿和规范土地市场秩序，全面清理各类开发区；暂

停半年审批农用地转非农建设用地；制定了《关于深化改革严格土地管理的决定》；完善国土资源管理体制。

提高商业银行存款准备金率，上调金融机构存贷款基准利率，放开贷款利率上限，加强商业银行资本充足率管

理；提高钢铁、水泥、电解铝、房地产等行业建设项目资本金比例。依法清理在建和拟建项目。全年全社会固

定资产投资增长25.8%，增幅比一季度回落17.2个百分点。货币信贷增幅明显减缓。注重结构调整，加大对农业、水利、能源、交通、环保和社会事业的投资力度。长达4000公里的西气东输管道

全线贯通并投入商业运营，三峡工程、西电东送、青藏铁路、南水北调等重大建设取得新进展。全年新增煤炭

生产能力1.2亿吨，新增发电装机容量5055万千瓦，铁路新线投产1433公里，新增公路通车里程4.6万公里。

西部大开发继续推进，新开工10项国家重点建设工程，总投资800亿元。东北地区等老工业基地振兴开局良好，国家支持启动了197个调整改造项目，15个采煤沉陷区治理工程开始建设。

加强经济运行调节，缓解煤电油运紧张状况。从增加供给、抑制不合理需求、协调供需关系等方面采取有力措

施，保障了经济社会发展和人民生活的需要。

(三)不失时机推进经济体制改革，扩大对外开放。深化粮食流通体制改革，全面放开粮食收购市场。农村税费

改革进入逐步取消农业税的新阶段。国有企业改革取得新进展，国有资产监管体制框架初步建立。国有商业银

行股份制改革顺利推进。农村信用社改革扩大到29个省(自治区、直辖市)。制定并实施投资体制改革方案。全

面落实出口退税改革措施，做到了老账全部还清、新账 不欠。在东北老工业基地开展了增值税转型改革试点

。深入整顿和规范市场秩序，加强食品、药品安全监管，加大知识产权保护力度。坚决打击制售假冒伪劣商品、偷逃骗税和走私等违法犯罪活动。

我们履行加入世贸组织承诺，继续降低关税，扩大开放领域，贯彻修订后的对外贸易法，全面放开外贸经营权

。实施“走出去”战略，参与区域经济合作。内地与香港、澳门更紧密经贸关系安排顺利实施。全年实际利用

外商直接投资606亿美元。(四)加大政策支持和财政投入，促进各项社会事业发展。各级政府加大对科技、教育、文化、卫生、体育事业的支持，中央财政用于这些方面的支出987亿元，投入国债资金147亿元。

国家创新体系、基础研究、科技基础设施建设和基层科技工作进一步加强。一批重大科技项目和高新技术产业

化取得新进展。围绕制定国家中长期科学和技术发展规划，组织2000多位专家对若干战略问题进行研究论证。

新一轮教育振兴行动计划进展顺利。西部地区“两基”攻坚计划开始实施。加大对贫困地区农村义务教育的支

持，继续实施农村中小学危房改造。为中西部地区农村义务教育阶段2400多万贫困家庭学生免费提供教科书。

职业教育加快发展。高等教育注重提高质量。高校贫困家庭学生资助体系进一步完善。

以建设全国疾病预防控制体系和突发公共卫生事件医疗救治体系为重点，加快公共卫生事业发展。1410个县级

和250个省、市(地)级疾病预防控制中心基本建成，290所紧急

救援中心陆续开工。加强对重大疾病的防治工作。重视农村卫生设施建设，稳步进行新型农村合作医疗制度试

点。采取果断措施，及时遏制高致病性禽流感疫情蔓延。

推进文化体制改革和文化事业发展，加强文化市场管理。中央财政安排专项资金支持533个县级图书馆、文化馆

和4万个村广播电视设施建设。国家重大文化项目建设和自然历史文化遗产地保护得到加强。对外文化交流更加

活跃。群众性体育活动蓬勃开展。我国运动员在第28届奥运会、第12届残疾人奥运会上取得优异成绩。

加强国土资源、环境保护和生态建设工作。加大了耕地保护力度。重点流域和区域污染防治取得新进展。农村

计划生育工作进行了新的探索，并取得积极成果。

(五)努力改善人民生活，重视解决关系群众切身利益的突出问题。进一步落实各项政策措施，促进就业和 再就

业。继续做好“两个确保”和城市“低保”工作。从2004年7月1日起，全国提高企业退休人员基本养老金标准

。许多地方适时提高“低保”标准。完善城镇社会保障体系试点工作继续推进。中央财政全年用于社会保障的资金达1465亿元，增长18.1%。

加大扶贫工作力度，中央财政安排扶贫资金122亿元，农村贫困人口比上年减少290万。去年，部分地区发生严

重自然灾害，各级政府及时做好抗灾、救灾和灾后重建工作，累计救助灾民6800万人次。

依法解决农村征地、城镇房屋拆迁和企业改制中损害群众利益的问题。拖欠农民的征地补偿费已基本偿还。全

面清理建筑领域拖欠工程款和进城务工农民的工资，已偿还历年拖欠工资332亿元。维护人民群众合法权益摆在了政府工作更加重要的位置。

(六)加强民主法制建设，全力维护社会稳定。积极推进基层民主建设，进一步健全村务公开和村民自治制度，继续完善城市社区居民自治和基层管理体制。高度重视政府法制工作。国务院制定了《全面推进依法行政实施

纲要》，明确了建设法治政府的目标和任务；提出了《公司法》、《传染病防治法》修订

草案和《公务员法》草案等7部法律议案，制定了32件行政法规。各级政府认真实施《行政许可法》，取消和调

整了一大批行政审批项目。强化执法监督，审计、监察等部门做了大量卓有成效的工作。我们组织制定了国家

突发公共事件总体应急预案，以及应对自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生和社会安全等方面105个专项和部门应急

预案；各省(区、市)也完成了省级总体应急预案的编制工作。建设法治政府，全面履行政府职能，取得突破性

进展。以解决损害群众利益的突出问题为重点，深入开展廉政建设和反腐败斗争。加强社会治安综合治理，推

进治安防控体系建设。依法严厉打击各种刑事犯罪活动，初步遏制了严重刑事案件上升势头。加强和改进信访

工作，积极化解各类矛盾。

民族、宗教、侨务工作进一步加强。国防和军队现代化建设取得新进展。外交工作开创新局面，我国的国际地

位进一步提高。

一年来各方面的显著成就，是以胡锦涛（图片-新闻-网页）同志为总书记的党中央驾驭全局、正确领导的结果，是全国各族人民齐心协力、顽强拼搏的结果，各地方各部门做了大量艰苦细致的工作，社会各界、各个方面

作出了重要贡献。我代表国务院，向全国工人、农民、知识分子和干部，向社会主义劳动者和社会主义事业建

设者，向解放军指战员、武警部队官兵和公安民警，表示诚挚的感谢！向全国各族人民、各民主党派、各人民

团体和各界人士对政府工作的信任和支持，表示诚挚的感谢！向关心和支持祖国建设和统一的香港特别行政区

同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞和台湾同胞，以及广大侨胞，向一切关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国朋友，表示

诚挚的感谢！

过去一年，我们不仅大步推进各项事业，而且在丰富的实践中思想认识得到升华。各级政府增强了贯彻中央决

策和部署的自觉性，提高了用好重要战略机遇期、更好推动发展的认识和能力。我们的主要体会是：

——必须坚持树立和落实科学发展观。科学发展观是中国共产党对社会主义现代化建设指导思想的新发展。它

进一

步明确了发展是硬道理，要以经济建设为中心，注重提高经济增长质量和效益；要以人为本，注重“五个统筹”，实现经济社会全面协调可持续发展。无论是解决当前经济运行中的突出矛盾和问题，还是全面建设小康社

会，都必须以科学发展观为指导。要把科学发展观贯彻到改革开放和现代化建设的全过程。

——必须坚持加强和改善宏观调控。近两年来的宏观调控，是认真落实科学发展观的重要实践。宏观调控与市

场机制都是社会主义市场经 济体制的有机组成部分。要更大程度地发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用，同时

要搞好宏观调控。关键是要根据经济运行的变化，把握好调控的方向、重点、时机和力度，改进调控方式方法，主要运用经济、法律手段，辅之以必要的行政手段，促进经济平稳运行和持续较快发展。

——必须坚持推进改革开放。我国经济体制改革仍处在攻坚阶段。要坚定不移地深化改革，消除阻碍经济发展

和造成经济不稳定的体制性根源，为实现经济社会全面协调可持续发展提供制度保障。在推进经济体制改革的同时，要协调推进政治体制改革和其他方面的改革。要坚持以开放促改革、促发展，全面提高对外开放水平，建设更加开放、更具活力的经济体系。

——必须坚持处理好全局和局部的关系。全国经济是一个有机整体，应当按照“全国一盘棋”的战略布局，充

分发挥各个地区的优势，调动中央和地方两个积极性。国家制定方针政策，必须考虑全局利益和长远发展，又

要照顾不同地区、不同行业的特点；地方要充分发挥各自的积极性，又必须服从国家全局和长远发展的需要。

——必须坚持按客观规律办事。我国现代化建设要始终坚持从国情出发，自觉遵循客观规律。既要积极进取，抓住机遇加快发展，又不能脱离实际条件，盲目扩大建设规模、片面追求经济增长速度。否则，欲速则不达，还会造成严重损失。经济工作和其他工作都要注重实效，把发挥主观能动性和遵循客观规律统一起来。

——必须坚持把人民群众利益放

在第一位。要切实维护人民群众的经济、政治和文化权益，着力解决关系群众切身利益的突出问题，保障城乡

困难群众的基本生活。不断满足人们日益增长的物质文化需要，是社会主义现代化建设的根本目的。只有执政

为民，我们的各项事业才能获得最广泛最可靠的群众基础和力量源泉。

总结一年来的工作，我们清醒地看到，经济社会发展中还存在不少问题和困难。一是经济运行中的突出矛盾虽

有所缓解，但尚未根本解决。农业基础薄弱的状 况没有明显改变，保持粮食增产和农民增收的难度增加；固定

资产投资还有可能反弹；煤电油运仍相当紧张；物价上涨的压力较大。二是社会发展中的问题突出。一些地方

特别是广大农村教育、卫生、文化等社会事业需要解决的问题较多；城乡之间、地区之间发展差距和部分社会

成员之间收入差距过大；部分低收入群众生活比较困难；影响社会稳定的因素不少。三是经济社会发展中的一

些长期性问题和深层次矛盾依然存在。主要是：就业压力巨大；经济结构不合理，产业技术水平低，第三产业

发展滞后；投资率持续偏高，消费率偏低；经济增长方式粗放，资源约束和环境压力加大。特别是制约经济社

会健康发展的体制性机制性问题仍很突出。

我们也清醒地看到，政府工作还存在不少缺点。政府自身改革和职能转变滞后，行政审批事项仍然过多，社会

管理和公共服务职能比较薄弱；一些部门之间职责不清、协调不力，管理方式落后，办事效率不高；有些关系

群众利益的问题还没有得到根本解决；有些政府工作人员依法行政观念不强；形式主义、官僚主义、弄虚作假

和奢侈浪费的问题比较突出；腐败现象在一些地方、部门和单位比较严重。

对以上问题，我们要高度重视并继续采取措施加以解决。要增强忧患意识和责任感，戒骄戒躁，励精图治，知

难而进，坚持不懈地做好工作，绝不辜负人民的重托和期望。

二、2005年工作总体部署

今年，是全面完成“十五”任务、为“十一五”发展打好基础的关键一年。（政府工作的基本思路是：以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，认真贯彻党的十六大和十六届三中、四中全会精神，坚持用科学发展观统领经济社会发展全局，加强和改善宏观调控，以改革开放为动力推进各项

工作，构建社会主义和谐社会，推动社会主义物质文明、政治文明和精神文明共同进步。

综合考虑国内外各种因素，今年经济社会发展主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长8%左右；城镇新增就业900万

人，城镇登记失业率控制在4.6%；居民消费价格总水平涨幅控制在4%；国际收支保持基本平衡。

保持经济平稳较快发展，是政府工作必须把握好的重大问题。我国正处于重要战略机遇期，经济应有较快发展，但增长速度也要适当。经济大起或大落，都不利于经济发展，不利于改革开放，不利于社会稳定。中央提出

今年经济增长预期目标为8%左右，是为了使预期目标符合实际情况，既考虑需要，也考虑可能，兼顾了就业、物价等其他预期目标的要求。在社会主义市场经济条件下，经济社会发展预期目标是指导性的，可以根据经济

运行的变化进行调整。各地区应当从实际出发，实事求是地提出本地区经济社会发展的预期目标，切实把工作

重点放在提高经济增长质量和效益上，不要盲目攀比经济增长速度。

全面完成今年经济社会发展的各项任务，在工作指导和部署上，要突出抓好三个方面：一是着力搞好宏观调控。进一步消除经济运行中不稳定不健康因素，推进经济结构调整和增长方式转变，保持经济平稳较快发展，保

持价格总水平基本稳定。二是着力推进改革开放。坚持以改革推动各项工作，把深化改革同落实科学发展观、加强和改善宏观调控结合起来，注重用改革的办法解决影响发展的体制问题。全面提高对外开放水平，更好地

利用国内国际两个市场、两种资源。三是着力建设和谐社会。建设民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处的社会主义和谐社会，要广泛团结一切可以团结的力量，充分调动一切积极因

素，激发

全社会的创造活力；要妥善处理各方面利益关系，让全体人民共享改革和建设的成果；要正确处理改革发展稳

定的关系，努力为经济社会持续发展创造有利条件和良好环境。

三、继续保持经济平稳较快发展

今年经济发展要着重抓好以下四个方面工作。

(一)坚持加强和改善宏观调控。从当前经济运行情况看，宏观调控工作不能放松。今年要实行稳健的财政政策

和稳健的货币政策，加强各项宏观经济政策的协调配合。要更好地贯 彻区别对待、有保有压的原则，更加注重

发挥市场机制的作用，更加注重运用经济手段和法律手段，巩固和发展宏观调控成果。

实施稳健的财政政策。1998年以来，为了应对亚洲金融危机影响和国内需求不足问题，中央实行了积极的财政

政策。实践证明，这一政策是正确的，取得了显著成效。鉴于目前投资规模已经很大、社会资金增加较多，有

必要也有条件由扩张性的积极财政政策转向松紧适度的稳健财政政策。今年要适当减少财政赤字，适当减少长

期建设国债发行规模。拟安排中央财政赤字3000亿元，比上年预算减少198亿元；拟发行长期建设国债800亿元，比上年减少300亿元，同时增加中央预算内经常性建设投资100亿元。继续发行一定规模的长期建设国债，主

要是为了加大对“三农”、社会发展、生态建设和环境保护等薄弱环节的投入，支持西部大开发、东北地区等

老工业基地振兴，支持老、少、边、穷地区加快发展；还有一部分在建项目也需要国债资金继续予以支持。要

认真做好财税工作。依法加强税收征管，全面清理和规范税收优惠政策，严格控制减免税，确保财政收入稳定

增长。要严格控制一般性支出增长，保证重点支出需要。全面厉行节约，反对铺张浪费。

继续实行稳健的货币政策。合理调控货币信贷总量，既要支持经济发展，又要防止通货膨胀和防范金融风险。

改善金融调控方式，灵活运用多种货币政策工具。引导金融企业优化信贷结构，改进金融服务，支持有市场、有效益的企业流动资金贷款需要，增加

对中小企业和农村的贷款，合理控制中长期贷款。加强对金融企业的监管。积极稳妥地处置各类金融隐患，严

厉打击金融领域违法犯罪活动，确保金融安全高效稳健运行。

控制固定资产投资规模。继续把好土地审批和信贷投放两个闸门。坚持实行最严格的土地管理制度，完善政策，从严执法。加强城市规划和土地管理，继续开展土地市场治理整顿，严格控制农用地转为建设用地，合理控

制城市建设规模。加快完善重点行业的产业政策、专项规 划和市场准入标准。着力优化投资结构，引导社会资

金投向发展的薄弱环节。继续搞好经济运行调节，进一步缓解煤电油运紧张状况。

积极扩大消费需求。实行有利于扩大消费的财税、金融和产业政策。稳步发展消费信贷等新型消费方式。努力改善消费环境，尤其是加快改善农村公共基础设施，进一步搞活农村流通，开拓农村市场。培育新的消费热点，扩大服务性消费；引导消费预期，增强消费信心，增加即期消费。

保持价格总水平基本稳定。努力保持粮食等主要农产品价格在合理水平上基本稳定，重点抑制生产资料价格和

房地产价格过快上涨，把握好公共产品和服务价格调整的时机和力度。加强市场和价格监管，坚决制止哄抬物

价行为。

(二)进一步加强“三农”工作。解决好农业、农村、农民问题，仍然是全部工作的重中之重。适应我国经济发

展新阶段的要求，实行工业反哺农业、城市支持农村的方针，合理调整国民收入分配格局，更多地支持农业和

农村发展。要围绕提高农业综合生产能力，实现粮食稳定增产、农民持续增收，从多方面加大支持力度。

一是稳定、完善和强化对农业的扶持政策。加快减免农业税步伐。在全国大范围、大幅度减免农业税。592个国

家扶贫开发工作重点县免征农业税。全部免征牧业税。因减免农(牧)业税而减少的财政收入，主要由中央财政

安排专项转移支付予以补助。今年中央财政为此新增支出140亿元，用于这方面的支出总额将达到664亿元。明

年将在全国全部免征农业税

原定5年取消农业税的目标，3年就可以实现。继续对种粮农民实行直接补贴，增加良种补贴和农机具购置补贴，对重点粮食品种继续实行最低收购价政策。采取综合措施，控制农业生产资料价格过快上涨。中央财政还将

安排150亿元，增加对产粮大县和财政困难县的转移支付。这项政策对于这些地区的基层建设和农村各项事业发

展具有重要作用。

二是继续推进农业和农村经济结构调整。进一步发展粮食生产，稳定增加粮食播种面积，加强粮 食生产 基地建

设，严格保护耕地特别是基本农田。推进农业区域化布局、专业化生产和产业化经营，大力发展特色农业。加

快发展农产品加工业。积极发展林业、畜牧业和水产业。发展乡镇企业，壮大县域经济。

三是加强农田水利和农村基础设施建设。国家基本建设投资和国债资金，要重点支持农田水利、生态建设、中

低产田改造、“六小工程”、旱作节水农业及县乡公路建设等。农业综合开发资金进一步向粮食主产区倾斜。

引导和鼓励农民对直接受益的小型基础设施建设投工投劳。

四是加快农业科技创新和技术推广。大幅度增加农业科技投入，加强农业科技创新能力建设，进一步完善农业

技术推广体系。增加重大农业技术推广专项补贴。支持和鼓励科技人员到农村开展技术咨询和服务。

五是多渠道转移农村富余劳动力。发展农村二、三产业，稳步推进城镇化建设，拓展农村劳动力就业空间。改

善农民进城务工就业、创业环境，积极开展职业技能培训。进一步研究制定涉及农民工的各项政策。引导农村

劳动力合理有序流动。

(三)加快推进经济结构调整和增长方式转变。

推进产业结构优化升级。坚持走新型工业化道路。依靠科技进步，围绕提高自主创新能力，推动结构调整。加

快开发对经济增长有重大带动作用的高新技术，以及能够推动传统产业升级的共性技术、关键技术和配套技术

。抓紧制定若干重大领域关键技术创新的目标和措施，务求尽快取得新突破。完善鼓励创新的体制和政策体系。

坚持引进先进技术和消化吸收创新相结合，增强自主开发能力。大力发展高新技术产业，积极推进国民经济和

社会信息化。加快用高新技术和先进适用技术改造提升传统产业。以重大工程为依托，推动装备制造业振兴。

在专项规划指导下，继续加强能源、重要原材料等基础产业和水利、交通、通信等基础设施建设。积极发展现

代流通、旅游、社区服务等第三产业。既要加快发展资金技术密集型产业，又要继续发展劳动密集型产业。

促进企业技

术改造和重组。要立足于现有企业基础，重视盘活用好存量资产，防止盲目铺新摊子。要从财税、金融和土地

利用等方面，加大对重点企业技术改造的支持。注重企业技术改造与企业改革结合。支持和引导社会资金用于

现有企业重组和技术改造。

注重能源资源节约和合理利用。缓解我国能源资源与经济社会发展的矛盾，必须立足国内，显著提高能源资源

利用效率。一要坚决实行开发和节约并举、把节约放在首位的方针。鼓励开发和应用节能降耗的新技术，对高

能耗、高物耗设备和产品实行强制淘汰制度。二要抓紧制定专项规划，明确各行业节能降耗的标准、目标和政

策措施。抓好重点行业的节能节水节材工作。鼓励发展节能环保型汽车、节能省地型住宅和公共建筑。三要大

力发展循环经济。从资源开采、生产消耗、废弃物利用和社会消费等环节，加快推进资源综合利用和循环利用

。积极开发新能源和可再生能源。四要加强矿产资源开发管理。整顿和规范矿产资源开发秩序。完善资源开发

利用补偿机制和生态环境恢复补偿机制。五要大力倡导节约能源资源的生产方式和消费方式，在全社会形成节

约意识和风气，加快建设节约型社会。

加强环境保护和生态建设。要抓紧解决严重影响人民群众健康安全的环境污染问题。以水污染防治为重点，加

强工业和城市污染治理，加强农村面源污染治理，加强饮用水源地保护。实行严格的排污总量控制制度，加大

环保监督和执法力度。大力推行清洁生产，发展环保产业。继续搞好天然林保护

和草原建设，加强风沙源和水土流失治理。我们的奋斗目标是，让人民群众喝上干净的水、呼吸清新的空气，有更好的工作和生活环境。

(四)积极推动区域协调发展。实施西部大开发，振兴东北地区等老工业基地，促进中部地区崛起，鼓励东部地

区加快发展，是从全面建设小康社会和加快现代化建设全局出发作出的整体战略部署。实行符合各地特点、发

挥比较优势、各有侧重又紧密联系的区域发展战略，体现了统筹协调发展的要求，既有利于 充分调动各地区的积极性，又有利于东中西互动、优势互补、相互促进、共同发展。

认真总结实施西部大开发战略五年来的经验。国家要从政策措施、资金投入、产业布局、人才开发等方面，进

一步加大对西部地区的支持。继续加强基础设施建设和生态环境建设。做好退耕还林、退牧还草工作。大力开

发优势资源，发展特色产业，提高加工增值能力。加快推进重点区域、重点地带开发。积极扩大对内对外开放，加强与周边国家和地区的经济技术合作。抓紧建立西部开发长期稳定的专项资金渠道。

全面落实中央关于振兴东北地区等老工业基地的各项政策措施。大力发展现代农业，加强国家商品粮基地建设

。加快产业结构调整升级和重点企业改革改组改造。研究建立资源型城市衰退产业援助机制，促进经济转型。

认真做好增值税转型试点和完善城镇社会保障体系扩大试点工作。东北等老工业基地要在加快改革、扩大开放

中，主要依靠体制机制创新，走出一条实现振兴的新路子。

抓紧研究制定促进中部地区崛起的规划和措施。充分发挥中部地区的区位优势和综合经济优势，加强现代农业

特别是粮食主产区建设；加强综合交通运输体系和能源、重要原材料基地建设；加快发展有竞争力的制造业和

高新技术产业；开拓中部地区大市场，发展大流通。国家要从政策、资金、重大建设布局等方面给予支持。

东部地区加快发展，有利于增强国家实力和竞争力，也有利于支持和带动其他地区发展。东部地区要在优化经

济结构（深化体制改革、转变增长方式等方面走在前面。更加注重提高经济整体素质和国际竞争力，进一步发展外向型

经济；更加注重促进城乡、经济社会协调发展，切实加强耕地保护、资源节约和生态环境建设。积极支持和帮

助中西部地区发展。

采取更加有力的措施，支持革命老区、少数民族地区、边疆地区和贫困地区加快经济社会发展。

四、大力推进经济体制改革和对外开放

今年，我们要用更大力量推进经济体制改革，在一些 重点领域和关键环节取得新突破。

(一)继续推进农村改革。农村税费改革是农村经济社会领域的一场深刻变革。全部免征农业税，取消农民各种

不合理负担，彻底改变两千多年来农民种田缴纳“皇粮国税”的历史，实现这一目标只是农村税费改革迈出的第一步，巩固改革成果还要付出更大的努力，走更长的路。必须抓紧研究解决税费改革中的新矛盾新问题，把

工作的重点放在搞好乡镇机构、农村义务教育体制和县乡财政管理体制等各项改革上。这是更为重要、也更为

复杂艰巨的任务。同时，要深化粮食流通体制改革、农村金融改革、农村土地管理制度改革。(二)深化国有企业改革。国有企业改革仍然是经济体制改革的中心环节，必须坚定不移地按照中央确定的方针

政策继续推进。一要坚持国有经济布局和结构的战略性调整，完善国有资本有进有退、合理流动的机制。积极

发展具有自主知识产权、知名品牌和国际竞争力的大公司大企业集团。二要加快国有大型企业股份制改革。按

照建立现代企业制度的要求，健全公司法人治理结构，转换企业经营机制。推行企业经营业绩和任期业绩

责任制。规范国有企业经营者薪酬制度。三要加快解决企业办社会问题，继续做好国有企业政策性关闭破产工

作，建立依法破产机制。四要深化电力、电信、民航等行业改革，推进邮政、铁路行业和城市公用事业改革，放宽市场准入，引入竞争机制。要完善国有资产管理体制和监管方式，建立国有资本经营预算制度，规范国有

企业改制和国有产

权转让，防止国有资产流失，维护职工合法权益。要深化集体企业改革，推动多种形式的集体经济发展。

(三)鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济发展。认真贯彻落实国务院《关于鼓励支持和引导个体私营等非公有制经

济发展的若干意见》，为非公有制企业创造平等竞争的法治环境、政策环境和市场环境；进一步放宽非公有资

本进入的行业和领域，拓宽非公有制企业融资渠道，依法保护私有财产权和非公有制企业权益。改进政府对非

公有制企业的 服务和监管。非公有制企业要提高自身素质，遵守国家法律法规政策和安全、环保等规定，保障

职工合法权益。

(四)加快金融体制改革。这是关系改革和发展全局的重要任务。要加快国有商业银行改革，搞好股份制改革试

点。推进政策性银行和其他商业银行改革。积极稳步发展多种所有制金融企业。继续抓紧落实国务院《关于推进资本市场改革开放和稳定发展的若干意见》，加强资本市场基础建设，建立健全资本市场发展的各项制度，切实保护投资者特别是公众投资者的合法权益，营造资本市场稳定和健康发展的良好环境。深化保险业改革，规范保险市场秩序。稳步推进利率市场化和人民币汇率形成机制改革，保持人民币汇率在合理、均衡水平上基

本稳定。完善金融监管体系，加强和改进金融监管。

(五)推进财税体制和投资体制改革。健全公共财政体制，完善和规范中央财政转移支付制度。完善省级以下财

政体制。搞好增值税转型试点，制定全面实施方案。完善出口退税机制。深化预算管理制度改革。全面落实投

资体制改革决定，制定相关办法，完善项目审批、核准和备案制度；建立新形势下的全社会投资调控体系；规

范政府投资的范围和行为；健全政府投资监管制度；建立政府投资和国有企业投资责任制与责任追究制，从根

本上改变投资决策失误而无人负责的状况。

(六)加强市场体系建设。积极发展各类要素市场。规范发展产权交易市场。推进流通体制改革，大力发展现代

流通方式。深化价格改革，理顺价格关

系。深入整顿和规范市场秩序，重点是继续抓好直接关系人民群众身体健康和生命安全的食品、药品市场专项

整治；继续整顿和规范农资市场、建筑市场和房地产市场；深入开展保护知识产权专项行动；严厉打击非法传

销和各种商业欺诈行为，打击走私、偷逃骗税、洗钱等经济犯罪活动。加快社会信用体系建设。

今年，我国对外开放面临不少新情况。关税要降到加入世贸组织承诺的水平，取消大多数非关税措施，进一步

开放服务领域。我们要 适应新形势，切实做好对外开放工作。一要加快转变对外贸易增长方式。优化出口商品

结构，促进加工贸易升级，保持出口继续增长。继续搞好能源、重要原材料、关键技术和重大设备的进口。改

革口岸管理体制，加快“大通关”建设。妥善处理国际贸易摩擦和纠纷。二要继续积极合理利用外资。着力提

高利用外资质量，更好地把引进外资与提升国内产业结构和技术水平结合起来。鼓励外商投资高新技术产业、现代服务业、现代农业和中西部地区，限制高消耗、高污染的项目。三要进一步实施“走出去”战略。鼓励有

条件的企业对外投资和跨国经营，加大信贷、保险、外汇等支持力度，加强对“走出去”企业的引导和协调。

建立健全境外国有资产监管制度。四要抓紧做好加入世贸组织后过渡期各项工作。继续发展多边、双边经贸关

系，积极参与区域经济合作。

五、积极发展社会事业和建设和谐社会

贯彻落实科学发展观，必须大力实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略和可持续发展战略，加快社会事业发展；着

力解决与人民群众切身利益相关的突出问题，维护社会稳定，努力构建社会主义和谐社会。

(一)大力发展科技、教育、文化、卫生、体育事业，加强精神文明建设。加快科技改革和发展。今年要发布国

家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要。继续推进国家创新体系建设。加强基础研究、战略高技术研究和重要公益

性技术研究。继续实施一批重大科技专项，加大关键技术攻关力度。加强重大科技基础设施和国家重点科

研基地建设。深化科技体制改革，加快建立与社会主义市场经济体制相适应的科技管理体制、创新机制和现代

院所制度。充分发挥企业在技术创新中的主体作用。加强产学研结合，促进科技成果产业化。坚持社会科学和

自然科学并重，进一步繁荣和发展哲学社会科学。

切实把教育放在优先发展的战略地位。重点加强农村义务教育，完善以政府投入为主的经费保障机制。继 续实

施西部地区“两基”攻坚计划。从今年起，免除国家扶贫开发工作重 点县农村义务教育阶段贫困家庭学生的书

本费、杂费，并补助寄宿学生生活费；到2007年在全国农村普遍实行这一政策，使贫困家庭的孩子都能上学读

书，完成义务教育。认真解决好进城务工农民子女上学的问题。着力提高高等教育质量。大力发展各类职业教

育。认真贯彻党的教育方针，加强德育工作，推进素质教育，促进学生全面发展。加快教学内容和方法的改革

与创新，切实减轻学生负担。加快现代远程教育工程建设。继续促进民办教育健康发展。严格规范各类学校招

生和收费制度，加强学校财务管理和监督。

加快卫生事业改革和发展。今年要全面建成疾病预防控制体系，基本完成突发公共卫生事件医疗救治体系建设

。切实把医疗卫生工作的重点放在农村，加强农村卫生基础设施和卫生队伍建设。推进新型农村合作医疗制度

试点，探索建立医疗救助制度。加强重大传染病及地方病、职业病的防治工作。认真落实各项预防、救治、关

爱措施，坚决遏制

滋病（图片-新闻-网页）蔓延。开展城市医疗服务体制改革试点。大力发展社区卫生服务。积极发展中医药事

业。深入整顿和规范医疗服务收费和药品购销秩序，切实解决群众看病难、看病贵的问题。

继续做好人口发展战略研究工作。稳定计划生育政策和低生育水平，提高人口素质。扩大对农村部分计划生育

家庭实行奖励扶助制度和“少生快富”扶贫工程的试点。做好老龄人口工作。关心和支持残疾人事业。

大力发展社会主义先进文化。加强思想道德建设，弘扬以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神，弘扬集体主义、社会主义思想。加强和改

进未成年人思想道德建设和大学生思想政治教育。推动文化体制改革和机制创新，加快文化事业和文化产业发

展。坚持一手抓繁荣、一手抓管理。发展文学艺术、新闻出版和广播影视业。加强互联网建设和管理。加快农

村基层文化建设，提高广播电视“村村通”水平。深入开展群众性精神文明创建活动。坚持不懈地进行“扫黄

”“打非”斗争。广泛开展全民健身运动。继续做好2008年北京奥运会和2010年上海世界博览会的筹办工作。

加强各类型、多层次人才队伍建设。特别要培养、吸引、用好高层次和高技能人才，促进人才合理流动，加强

人才市场法制建设。

(二)进一步做好就业和社会保障工作，提高人民生活水平。继续实行积极的就业政策。认真落实各项扶持再就

业的政策措施，并把实施范围扩大到集体企业下岗职工。今年中央财政安排109亿元资金支持再就业，比上年增

加26亿元。地方财政也要增加投入。加强就业指导、培训和服务。统筹做好城镇新增劳动力、高校毕业生、复

员退伍军人和农村富余劳动力的就业工作。加强劳动保障监察。

加快社会保障体系建设。完善企业职工基本养老保险制度，坚持社会统筹与个人账户相结合，扩大做实个人账

户试点。推进国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障向失业保险并轨，今年在全国多数地区基本解决历史遗留的国有

企业下岗职工问题，今后企业裁员将逐步依法直接

纳入失业保险或城市“低保”。依法扩大养老、失业、医疗、工伤等社会保险覆盖面，提高个体、私营和外资

企业的参保率，完善灵活就业人员的参保办法。加大社会保险费的征缴力度，逐步提高统筹层次。研究制定机关事业单位养老保障制度改革方案。进一步完善城市“低保”制度，有条件的地方可探索建立农村居民最低生

活保障制度。做好优待抚恤工作。支持慈善事业发展。

继续增加城乡居民收入，特别是中低收入者收入。通过多种措施 促进农民收入持续增长。抓紧建立确保进城

务工农民工资正常支付的机制，继续做好清欠工作。各类企业都要严格执行最低工资制度，按时足额支付职工

工资，并在提高效益的基础上增加职工收入。改革和规范公务员工资制度。

推进收入分配制度改革。整顿和规范分配秩序，抓紧完善个人所得税制度，加大收入分配调节力度，逐步理顺

分配关系，努力解决部分社会成员收入差距过大的问题，促进社会公平。

高度重视解决城乡困难群众基本生活问题。各地要加快建立城乡特殊困难群众的社会救助体系，帮助他们解决

看病、住房、子女上学等实际困难。完善农村“五保户”供养制度。增加扶贫投入，积极帮助贫困地区群众脱

贫致富。做好受灾地区减免税收和受灾群众生产生活救济等工作。

(三)加强民主法制建设，切实维护社会稳定。积极稳妥地推进政治体制改革，加强社会主义民主政治建设。进

一步扩大基层民主，完善基层民主管理制度。做好政府立法工作，重点加强完善宏观调控机制、应对处置各种

突发事件、保障劳动者合法权益等方面的立法。推进司法体制改革，维护司法公正。各级政府都要支持审判机

关和检察机关依法独立行使审判权和检察权。加强普法宣传教育。做好法律服务和法律援助工作。依法保障妇

女、未成年人和残疾人的合法权益。

全面贯彻党的民族政策，坚持和完善民族区域自治制度，巩固和发展平等、团结、互助的社会主义民族关系，促进各民族共同繁荣进步。全面贯彻党的宗教工作基

本方针，认真实施《宗教事务条例》，做好新形势下的宗教工作。进一步做好侨务工作。

高度重视社会稳定工作。正确处理人民内部矛盾，及时合理地解决群众反映的问题，坚决依法纠正各种损害群

众利益的行为。认真实施《信访条例》，加强和改进信访工作。建立健全社会矛盾纠纷调处机制，完善社会稳

定的预警体系和应急处理机制，积极预防和妥善处置群体性事件。进一步加强社会治安综合治理，积极推进社

会治安防控体系建设。依法严 今日焦点：

厉打击各种刑事犯罪，特别是危害国家安全犯罪、严重暴力犯罪、黑社会性质组织犯罪、毒品犯罪和多发性侵

财犯罪，增强人民群众的安全感。提高保障公共安全和处置突发事件的能力，减少自然灾害、事故灾难等突发

事件造成的损失。增强国家安全意识，构建维护国家安全的机制。

去年以来，一些地方和行业发生的多起重大特大安全事故，给人民生命财产造成严重损失。我们必须认真吸取

这些惨痛的教训，采取更加有力的措施加强安全生产工作。要严格安全生产责任制，强化安全管理，加大对安

全生产的检查执法力度，消除各种隐患，预防和减少重大特大事故的发生。当前，要把煤矿安全作为突出任务，完善煤矿安全监管体制和机制，发挥职工群众对安全生产的监督作用，加大对煤矿安全设施的投入，提高安

全生产技术水平。国务院决定今年安排30亿元建设资金，支持国有煤矿安全技术改造，地方和企业也要增加安

全生产投入。我们要以对人民高度负责的精神，切实改善煤炭生产安全状况。

六、加强行政能力建设和政风建设

一年来，我们在贯彻实施行政许可法、坚持科学民主决策、推进依法行政、加强社会管理等方面，做了一些工

作。我们深知，政府自身建设还有不小差距。我们要认真贯彻党的十六届四中全会精神，加快政府自身改革和

建设步伐。

第一，深化政府机构改革。按照精简、统一、效能的原则和决策、执行、监督相协调的要求，完善机构设置，理顺职能分工，严格控制编制，实现政府职

责、机构和编制的科学化、规范化、法定化。要巩固政府机构改革成果，及时解决出现的新问题。加快推进乡

镇机构改革，重点是合理界定乡镇机构职能，精简机构和减少财政供养人员。积极稳妥地分类推进事业单位改

革。依法规范对事业单位的授权行为。

第二，加快转变政府职能。进一步推进政企分开、政资分开、政事分开。坚决把政府不该管的事交给企业、市

场和社会组织，充分发挥社会团体、行业协会、商会和中介机构的作用。政府应 该管的事情一定要管好。在继

续抓好经济调节、市场监管的同时，更加注重社会管理和公共服务，把财力物力等公共资源更多地向社会管理

和公共服务倾斜，把领导精力更多地放在促进社会事业发展和建设和谐社会上。认真贯彻行政许可法，继续深

化行政审批制度改革，进一步清理、减少和规范行政审批事项。

第三，改进经济管理方式方法。要彻底改变计划经济的传统观念和做法。各级政府抓经济发展，主要是为市场

主体服务和创造良好发展环境，不能包办企业投资决策，不能代替企业招商引资，不能直接干预企业生产经营

活动。各级领导干部要增强按市场经济规律领导经济工作的意识和能力，增强按国际通行规则办事的意识 和能

力，增强主要运用经济、法律手段调节经济运行的意识和能力。

第四，努力建设服务型政府。创新政府管理方式，寓管理于服务之中，更好地为基层、企业和社会公众服务。

整合行政资源，降低行政成本，提高行政效率和服务水平。政府各部门要各司其职，加强协调配合。健全社会

公示、社会听证等制度，让人民群众更广泛地参与公共事务管理。大力推进政务公开，加强电子政务建设，增

强政府工作透明度，提高政府公信力。

第五，提高依法行政能力。认真贯彻依法治国基本方略，全面实施国务院颁布的依法行政纲要，加快建设法治

政府。各级政府及其部门都要严格遵守宪法和法律，依照法定权限和程序行使权力，履行职责，接受监督。实

行行政执法责任制，坚决克服多头执法、执法不公 的现象。强化行政问责制，对行政过错要依法追究。各部门都要加强内部管理，积极配合和支持审计、监察部

门依法履行职责，对于发现的问题要认真整改。进一步扩大公民、社会和新闻舆论对政府及其部门的监督。

第六，大力加强政风建设。坚持以人为本、执政为民。牢固树立科学发展观和正确政绩观，大兴求真务实之风

。严格执行统计法。抓紧研究建立科学的政府绩效评估体系和经济社会发展综合评价体系。坚决反对形式主义

和虚报浮夸，不搞劳民伤财的“形象工程”、“政绩工程”。减少会议和文件，改进会风和文风。严格规范和

控制各种检查、评比、达标活动。认真贯彻国务院第三次廉政工作会议精神，以改革和制度建设为重点，加强

廉政建设和反腐败斗争。结合开展保持共产党员先进性教育活动，加强对公务员的教育、管理和监督，努力建

设一支人民满意的公务员队伍。

各位代表！

加强国防和军队建设，是我国现代化建设的战略任务，是维护国家安全统一的重要保障。坚持以毛泽东军事思

想、邓小平新时期军队建设思想、江泽民（图片-新闻-网页）国防和军队建设思想为指导，紧紧围绕打得赢、不变质两个历史性课题，加强军队全面建设，切实履行军队在新世纪新阶段的历史使命。始终把思想政治建设

摆在首位，保持军队建设的正确方向。以新时期军事战略方针为统揽，积极推进中国特色军事变革，提高部队

信息化条件下的整体防卫作战能力。深入开展科技练兵，培养高素质新型军事人才。大力加强国防科研和武器

装备现代化建设。继续推进国防科技工业改革和发展。圆满完成裁减军队员额20万的任务。推进军队后勤建设，增强保障能力。坚持从严治军、依法治军，提高军队正规化水平。加强人民武装警察部队建设，提高执勤和

处置突发事件的能力。增强全民国防观念，完善国防动员体制，加强后备力量建设。各级政府要积极支持国防

和军队建设，促进军政军民团结。

各位代表！

我们将坚定不移地贯彻执行“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高

度自治的方针，严格按照香港特别行政区基本法和澳门特别行政区基本法办事。全力支持香港、澳门两个特别

行政区行政长官和政府依法施政，进一步提高施政能力。加强内地同香港、澳门在经贸、教育、科技、文化、卫生等领域的交流与合作，促进香港、澳门长期繁荣、稳定和发展。

我们坚持“和平统一、一国两制”的基本方针和现阶段发展两岸关系、推进祖国和平统一进程的八项主张，维护台海和平和两岸关系稳定发展。我们鼓励和推动 两岸人员往来和经济、文化等领域的交流与合作，鼓励和推

动两岸直接“三通”。继续争取在一个中国原则基础上恢复两岸平等的协商和谈判。只要是对两岸关系发展与

和平统一有利的事，我们都会尽最大努力去做。这次大会将要审议的《反分裂国家法(草案)》，充分体现我们

以最大的诚意、尽最大的努力争取和平统一的一贯立场，表明全中国人民维护国家主权和领土完整、绝不允许

“台独”分裂势力以任何名义、任何方式把台湾从中国分割出去的共同意志和坚定决心。我们将与广大台湾同

胞一道，为完成祖国统一大业而共同奋斗！

七、坚持和平发展道路与独立自主的和平外交政策

国际形势正在发生复杂而深刻的变化。和平与发展仍然是当今时代的主题。中国社会主义现代化建设道路是一

条和平发展的道路。这条道路，就是利用世界和平的有利时机实现自身发展，又以自身的发展更好地维护和促

进世界和平；就是在积极参与经济全球化和区域合作的同时，主要依靠自己的力量和改革创新来实现发展；就

是坚持对外开放，在平等互利的基础上，积极发展同世界各国的合作；就是聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展，长期维护和平的国际环境和良好的周边环境；就是永远不称霸，永远做维护世界和平和促进共同发展的坚定

力量。

我们坚持走和平发展道路，就必须坚定不移地高举和平、发展、合作的旗帜，一如既往地奉行独立自主的和平

外交政策，坚持在和平共处五项原则基础上与世界各国友好相处。

一年来，我们积极开展全方位外交，努力争取和平稳定的国际环境、睦邻友好的周边环境、平等互利的合作环

境和客观友善的舆论环境，在一系列涉及世界和地区安全与发展的重大问题上发挥了建设性作用，加强了中国

同世界各国的友好交往和互利合作，中国人民与世界各国人民的友谊进一步增强。我们为维护世界和平、促进

共同发展作出了新贡献。

在新的一年，我们将继续推动世界多极化、国际关系民主化和发展模式多样化，促进经济全球化朝着有利

于各国共同繁荣的方向发展，积极倡导多边主义和新安全观，反对霸权主义和强权政治，反对一切形式的恐怖

主义，推动建立和平稳定、公正合理的国际新秩序。我们将深化与发展中国家的互利合作，维护与发展中国家的共同利益。坚持与邻为善、以邻为伴的方针，加强与周边国家的友好合作关系，深化区域合作。进一步发展

同发达国家的关系，努力扩大共同利益的汇合点，妥善处理分歧。我们将积极参与国际多边外交活动，维护和

加强联合国及其安理会的权威和主导作用，在国际和地区组织中作出建设性的努力。我们将全面加强经济外交

和对外文化交流，积极维护我国公民在海外的生命安全和合法权益。

中国政府和中国人民愿与世界各国人民一道，共同为维护和促进人类的和平、发展与进步事业而不懈努力。

各位代表！

我国各族人民正意气风发地在中国特色社会主义道路上阔步前进。我们对伟大祖国的美好前景充满信心。让我们在以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央领导下，高举邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想伟大旗帜，同心同德，再接再厉，奋发图强，不断夺取改革开放和现代化建设事业的新胜利

Fellow Deputies, On behalf of the State Council, I now submit a report on the work of the

government for your examination and approval and also for comments and suggestions from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.Review of the Work in 2004

Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC), the people of all our ethnic groups

held high the great banners of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three

Represents, worked together in an innovative spirit, and made major achievements worth

celebrating in the socialist modernization drive in 2004.We made progress while responding to new challenges and tests during the past year.Some new

problems have emerged in China's economic activities over the last two years, mainly tight grain

supply, overheated investment in fixed assets, excessive money and credit, and shortages of coal，electricity, petroleum and transportation.If allowed to grow unchecked, these isolated problems

could have had an overall impact.After sizing up the situation, the CPC Central Committee and

the State Council promptly made decisions and arrangements for strengthening macro-regulation.Acting on the principles of adopting resolute and effective measures, taking timely and

appropriate steps, dealing with problems individually and stressing practical results, they

worked to solve prominent problems threatening steady and rapid economic development through a

combination of economic and legal means, plus administrative means when necessary.Thanks to the

concerted efforts of the whole nation, their macro-regulation achieved significant results.Destabilizing, unsound factors threatening economic performance were contained, weak links were

strengthened, and large economic fluctuations were avoided.The main achievements over the past year were: the economy maintained steady and rapid

development, overall national strength increased, significant progress was made in our reform，breakthroughs were achieved in opening up, social development was accelerated, and people's lives

improved.China's GDP in 2004 reached 13.65 trillion yuan, an increase of 9.5 percent over the

previous year.Government revenue came to 2.63 trillion yuan, up 21.4 percent.Retail sales of

consumer goods totaled 5.4 trillion yuan, up 13.3 percent.The volume of imports and exports

totaled 1.15 trillion US dollars, an increase of 35.7 percent, moving China up to third place in

the world from fourth in the previous year.Some 9.8 million urban residents entered the

workforce for the first time, a figure that exceeded the target.Urban per capita disposable

income was 9,422 yuan, an increase of 7.7 percent in real terms after allowing for price factors，and rural per capita net income was 2,936 yuan, up 6.8 percent in real terms after allowing for

price factors.All of the above shows that China has taken another solid step forward on the road

of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.The work we accomplished during the past year mainly consisted of the following.1.Adopting more direct and effective policies and measures to stimulate increases in grain

production and rural incomes.Our macro-regulatory initiative started with efforts to strengthen

agriculture.The major measures we took were reducing or exempting the agricultural tax，rescinding all taxes on special agricultural products except tobacco, directly subsidizing grain

producers, providing subsidies to farmers in certain areas to purchase improved crop strains and

agricultural machinery and tools, and setting a floor price for the purchase of major cereal

varieties.Investment was substantially increased in agriculture and rural areas, particularly in

major grain-producing areas.Altogether, the central government spent 262.6 billion yuan on

agriculture, rural areas and farmers, an increase of 22.5 percent.We also promoted agricultural

restructuring to increase rural incomes through multiple channels.The intensity of these

policies and measures and the substantial benefits to the farmers have rarely been seen in recent

years.This greatly aroused the enthusiasm of farmers, resulting in a rebound in grain

production.Grain output for 2004 totaled 469.47 million tons, 38.77 million tons more than the

previous year.The increases in grain production and farmers' incomes played a crucial role in

maintaining overall economic stability.2.Bringing excessive investment in fixed assets under

control and strengthening weak links.We curbed expansion of investment demand and the haphazard

investment and low-level, redundant construction in some industries mainly by maintaining strict

control over the twin valves of approval for land use and availability of credit.We thoroughly

rectified and standardized order in the land market and straightened out all types of development

zones.We froze the transfer of land from agricultural to nonagricultural purposes for six

months, formulated the Decision on Deepening Reforms for Tightening Land Management, and improved

the system for managing land and resources.We increased the reserve requirements for commercial

banks, raised the basic interest rates on deposits and loans for financial institutions and the

ceiling for interest rates on loans, and strengthened the management of commercial banks in terms

of capital requirements.We increased the required proportion of up-front capital for

construction projects in the steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum and real estate industries.We

straightened out projects under and awaiting construction in accordance with the law.Fixed asset

investment across the country increased by 25.8 percent for the whole year, 17.2 percentage

points less than the first quarter.The growth of money and credit slowed significantly.Efforts were focused on restructuring, and investment was increased in agriculture, water

conservancy, energy, transportation, environmental protection and social undertakings.A

4,000-kilometer-long pipeline to divert natural gas from the west to the east was completed in

its entirety and put into operation.Further progress was made on major projects such as the

Three Gorges Dam Project, the West-to-East Electricity Transmission Project, the Qinghai-Tibet

Railway, and the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.Coal production capacity was expanded by

million tons, installed power-generating capacity was increased by 50.55 million kilowatts，and an additional 1,433 kilometers of railways and 46,000 kilometers of highways were opened to

traffic in 2004.We continued to promote the development of the western region by starting construction on ten key

projects involving investment of 80 billion yuan.The work of revitalizing Northeast China and

other old industrial bases got off to a good start.With state support, 197 improvement or

upgrading projects were undertaken.Work was begun to bring 15 sinkholes in coalmining areas

under control.Improved regulation of economic activities alleviated shortages of coal, electricity, petroleum

and transportation.Effective measures were adopted to increase supply, curb irrational demand

and balance supply and demand, thus ensuring that the needs of economic and social development

and people's well-being were met.3.Taking advantage of opportunities to move forward with economic restructuring and open wider

to the outside world.We deepened reform of the grain distribution system and lifted all controls

on the grain market.The reform of rural taxes and administrative charges entered a new stage of

gradually phasing out the agricultural tax.Further progress was made in the reform of

state-owned enterprises.A basic framework for the oversight and management system for state

assets was established.The reform to turn state-owned commercial banks into stock companies

progressed smoothly.The reform of rural credit cooperatives was extended to 29 provinces，autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government.A plan for reforming

the investment system was formulated and implemented.We comprehensively implemented measures to

reform the export tax rebate mechanism, and we cleared up all old outstanding accounts and did

not allow any new ones to emerge.The VAT reform was begun in the old industrial base of

Northeast China on a trial basis.We intensified efforts to rectify and standardize the market

order, strengthened the supervision of food and drug safety and the protection of intellectual

property rights, and resolutely cracked down on the manufacture and sale of counterfeit and

substandard goods, tax evasion and fraud, smuggling and other illegal and criminal activities.To fulfill the commitments we made when we joined the World Trade Organization(WTO), we

continued to lower tariffs and opened more areas to foreign competition.We put into effect a

revised Foreign Trade Law, lifted all controls over the right to engage in foreign trade，instituted a “go global” strategy and participated in regional economic cooperation.We smoothly

implemented the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement between the mainland and Hong Kong and

between the mainland and Macao.China utilized 60.6 billion US dollars in foreign direct

investment in 2004.4.Increasing policy support and government spending to stimulate the development of all social

undertakings.Governments at all levels increased their support for science and technology，education, culture, health and sports.Spending for these items amounted to 98.7 billion yuan

from the central budget and 14.7 billion yuan from the sale of treasury bonds.We strengthened the national innovation system and infrastructure development for basic research

and for science and technology, as well as primary-level scientific and technological work.Continued progress was made on a group of major scientific and technological projects and the

industrialization of new and high technologies.We organized over 2,000 experts to study and

discuss a number of strategic issues bearing on the formulation of a national medium-and

long-term program for scientific and technological development.A new round of measures to implement the Action Plan for Invigorating Education was smoothly

introduced, and we started to implement the plan to make nine-year compulsory education basically

universal and to basically eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged adults in the western

region.We increased support for compulsory education in poor rural areas, continued to renovate

dangerous primary and secondary school buildings in rural areas, and provided free textbooks for

more than 24 million students from poor rural families receiving compulsory education in the

central and western regions.The development of vocational education was accelerated.Work in

higher education was centered on improving quality.The financial aid system for college students

from poor families was improved.We accelerated the development of public health undertakings, focusing on building a national

disease prevention and control system and a medical response system for public health

emergencies.Construction on 1,410 county-level and 250 provincial-and city-(prefectural-)

level disease prevention and control centers was basically completed, and construction on 290

emergency medical centers is underway.We intensified our work to prevent and control serious

diseases.We put a lot of effort into building health facilities in rural areas.Pilot projects

for a new system of rural cooperative medical and health care services progressed steadily.We

adopted resolute measures to promptly halt the spread of highly pathogenic avian flu.We promoted reform of the cultural system and development of cultural undertakings and

strengthened supervision over the cultural market.Funds were appropriated in the central budget

to support the construction of 533 county-level libraries and community centers, and radio and TV

facilities in 40,000 villages.The development of major state cultural projects and the

protection of natural, historical and cultural heritage sites were intensified.We had more

cultural exchanges with foreign countries.Recreational sports activities flourished.The

performances of Chinese athletes were outstanding at the 28th Olympics and the 12th Special

Olympics.We intensified our work relating to land and resources, environmental protection and ecological

conservation.We strengthened protection of our arable land.Further progress was made in

preventing and controlling pollution in key river valleys and regions.Positive results were

obtained from trials of new ways of carrying out family planning work in rural areas.5.Working hard to improve people's lives and paying particular attention to solving prominent

problems relating to their vital interests.We further implemented all policies and measures to

stimulate employment and reemployment.We continued successful efforts to provide the “two

guarantees”(guarantee of a basic living allowance for workers laid off from state-owned

enterprises and guarantee that the pensions of retirees are paid on time and in full, tr.)and

ensure needy urban residents receive subsistence allowances.The national standards for basic

retirement benefits for workers retired from enterprises were raised on July 1, 2004.Many local

governments also promptly raised the level of their subsistence allowances.We continued work on

the pilot projects to improve the urban social security system.A total of 146.5 billion yuan was

spent from the central budget for social security last year, an increase of 18.1 percent over the

previous year.Poverty alleviation work was intensified, with 12.2 billion yuan appropriated from the central

budget for this work, thereby reducing the number of poverty-stricken rural people by 2.9 million

year-on-year.Some areas of the country suffered serious natural disasters last year.Governments

at all levels promptly provided disaster relief and carried out reconstruction work, assisting 68

million victims.We solved problems in the expropriation of rural land, the demolition of urban housing and the

transformation of enterprises that infringe on people's interests in accordance with the law.Overdue payments owed to farmers as compensation for expropriated land were basically cleared up.We thoroughly solved the problem of defaults on construction costs in the construction industry

and unpaid wages for migrant workers.A total of 33.2 billion yuan of wages that had been owed

for a number of years has now been paid.Safeguarding the people's lawful rights and interests

was given greater importance in the government's work.6.Strengthening democracy and the legal system and doing everything possible to safeguard social

stability.Democracy at lower levels of government was vigorously expanded, the system for making

village affairs more transparent and the system of self-governance for villagers were

strengthened, and the system of self-governance of communities and management at the primary

level in urban areas was further improved.The government attached great importance to

legislation.The State Council formulated the Program for Comprehensively Implementing Government

Administration in accordance with the Law, which clearly set forth the objectives and tasks for

establishing a law-based government.It also produced revised drafts of the Company Law and the

Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, a draft Civil Service Law and four

other bills and enacted 32 administrative regulations.Governments at all levels conscientiously

implemented the Administrative Permission Law and eliminated or streamlined a large number of

items requiring administrative approval.Oversight of law enforcement was strengthened, and

auditing and supervision authorities did a great deal of outstanding work.We organized the

formulation of a national master plan for responding to public emergencies, as well as 105

special and departmental plans for responding to emergencies such as natural disasters，catastrophic accidents, public health emergencies and other threats to public security.All

provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government also

formulated their own emergency response plans.Breakthroughs were made in building a law-based

government and fully performing government functions.We intensified efforts to build a clean government and combat corruption, focusing on solving

outstanding problems that threatened people's interests.We strengthened all facets of public

security and improved the system for crime prevention and control.We severely cracked down on

criminal activities in accordance with law and slowed down the rise in serious crime.We

strengthened and improved the work of handling letters and visits from the people and strove to

resolve all kinds of conflicts.We intensified work relating to ethnic, religious and overseas Chinese affairs.Further progress

was made in modernizing national defense and the army.Our diplomatic work entered a new phase，and China's international standing rose higher.The outstanding accomplishments in all areas last year are the result of the Central Committee

with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary staying on top of the overall situation and providing

correct leadership.They are also the result of the people of all ethnic groups working together

as one and tenaciously striving to succeed.All localities and departments did a great deal of

arduous and painstaking work, and all sectors of society and people from all walks of life made

important contributions.On behalf of the State Council, I would like to express our sincere

gratitude to all our workers, farmers, intellectuals and cadres;to all those who work for the

cause of socialism;and to the members of the People's Liberation Army, the armed police and the

public security police.I would like to extend our heartfelt thanks to the people of all our

ethnic groups, to all the democratic parties and mass organizations and to people from all walks

of life for their trust in and support for the work of the government.I would also like to

express our sincere thanks to all our compatriots in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region，the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese who care about and

support the development and reunification of our motherland, and to all our friends in other

countries who care about and support China's modernization drive.We not only made great progress in all our undertakings during the past year, but also enhanced

our understanding through a wealth of practical experience.Governments at all levels took more

initiative in implementing the central authorities' decisions and plans and became better able

and more aware of the need to take advantage of this period of important strategic opportunities

to promote development.The main things we have learned from our experience are as follows.--We must establish and implement a scientific outlook on development.This outlook is a new

development that the CPC has incorporated into its guiding ideology for the socialist

modernization drive.It emphasizes that development is an absolute necessity, that we should

focus on economic development and improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth, and that

we should put people first and stress the “five balances”(balancing urban and rural development，development among regions, economic and social development, development of man and nature, and

domestic development and opening wider to the outside world, tr.), in order to achieve all-round，balanced and sustainable development of the economy and society.We must be guided by a

scientific outlook on development in solving current outstanding problems in economic activities

and in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and adhere to this outlook

during the entire course of reform, opening up and modernization.--We must strengthen and improve macro-regulation.Macro-regulation has been an important way of

implementing a scientific outlook on development over the past two years.Both macro-regulation

and market forces are integral components of the socialist market economy.We need to make better

use of the basic role of market forces in allocating resources and carry out macro-regulation

well.It is important to adapt the direction, focus, timing and intensity of regulation to

economic changes and to improve the methods of exercising it, which is mainly through economic

and legal means supplemented by administrative means when necessary, in order to promote economic

stability and sustained and rapid economic development.38

--We must continue on the path of reform and opening up.China's economic restructuring is still

at a stage where critical problems need to be addressed.We will unswervingly deepen reform and

eliminate structural factors that impede economic development and cause economic instability to

provide an institutional guarantee for all-round, balanced and sustainable economic and social

development.We need to coordinate political restructuring and other reforms with the ongoing

economic restructuring.We need to continue to promote reform and development through opening up

and open up even wider to the outside world in all areas to make China's economic system more

open and vigorous.--We must balance overall and local interests.Our national economy is an organic whole, so we

should allow different regions to fully exploit their own advantages and mobilize the initiatives

of both central and local governments in line with the strategic concept of “coordinating all the

activities of the nation like moves in a chess game.” In formulating any principles and policies，we must consider not only the overall interests of the country and its long-term development but

also the characteristics of each region and industry.Local governments should give full

expression to their own initiative while subordinating their needs to those of the country as a

whole and the requirements for long-term development.--We must act in accordance with objective laws.In our modernization drive we must always

proceed from actual conditions in the country and conscientiously abide by objective laws.We

should work energetically and seize opportunities to speed up development, but we must not ignore

reality, recklessly expand the scale of development and only pursue rapid economic growth.If we

do not keep this in mind, we could end up “just spinning our wheels and going nowhere” or even

suffering serious losses.Whether we are doing economic work or other work, we must strive for

real results by combining our subjective initiative with adherence to objective laws.39

--We must always put the interests of the people first.We must truly protect the people's

economic, political and cultural rights and interests, pay particular attention to solving acute

problems affecting their vital interests, and ensure that poor urban and rural residents have the

basic necessities of life.The fundamental goal of our socialist modernization drive is to

continually meet the growing material and cultural needs of the people.Only if we exercise power

for the good of the people can we enjoy the broadest and most reliable support from the people

and draw from them the strength for accomplishing all our undertakings.In reviewing our work of the past year, we clearly see that many problems and difficulties remain

in our economic and social development.First, although the outstanding problems in economic

activities have been somewhat alleviated, they have yet to be fundamentally solved.Weaknesses in

agriculture as the foundation of the economy still have not improved substantially, and it has

become harder to continue increasing grain production and rural incomes.In addition, there is

the possibility of a return to overheating in fixed asset investment, supplies of coal，electricity, petroleum and transportation are still very tight, and there is still considerable

inflationary pressure on prices.Second, there are glaring problems in social development.We

still need to solve quite a few problems in education, health and culture in some areas，especially rural areas.The development gaps between urban and rural areas and between different

regions and the income gap between some members of society are all too wide.Some low-income

people lead difficult lives and there are more than a few factors threatening social stability.Third, there are still some longstanding and deep-seated problems in economic and social

development.The main ones are as follows.There is considerable pressure on employment.The

economic structure is irrational, the level of industrial technology is low, and tertiary

industry is developing too slowly.The investment rate continues to be too high, and consumption

remains weak.Economic growth is still too crude, and pressure on resources and the environment

is increasing.In particular, there are still prominent structural and mechanistic problems that

hinder sound economic and social development.We are also keenly aware that there are still quite a few shortcomings in the government's work.Self-reform and transformation of government functions are behind schedule, there are still too

many items requiring administrative approval, and social management and public services are

inadequate.The responsibilities of some departments are not clearly defined, making effective

coordination difficult;some management practices are backward;and productivity is low.Some

problems affecting the vital interests of the people have still not been fundamentally solved.Some government employees are not conscientious enough about performing their duties in

accordance with the law.The problems of formalism, bureaucracy, dishonesty, extravagance and

waste are relatively severe.Corruption is serious in some localities, departments and

organizations.We must face the above-mentioned problems squarely and continue to adopt measures to solve them.We have to be mindful of potential perils, elevate our sense of responsibility, guard against

arrogance and rashness, and work hard to make our country strong and prosperous.We must progress

in the face of difficulties and unswervingly do all our work well to ensure that we do not fail

to live up to the great trust and expectations of the people.II.The Master Work Plan for 2005

This year is crucial for accomplishing all the tasks of the Tenth Five-Year Plan(2001-2005)and

for laying a solid foundation for development during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan(2006-2010).The

basic ideas for the work of the government this year are: to take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the

important thought of Three Represents as our guide;to conscientiously put into practice the

guidelines of the Sixteenth National Congress of the Party and the Third and Fourth Plenary

Sessions of its Sixteenth Central Committee;to continue to guide overall economic and social

development by a scientific outlook on development;to strengthen and improve macro-regulation;

to make reform and opening up the driving force for all our work;to build a harmonious socialist

society;and to promote the simultaneous progress of socialist material, political and spiritual

civilization.Taking all domestic and international factors into account, we have set our main targets for this

year's economic and social development as follows: GDP growth around 8 percent, 9 million new

jobs for urban residents, registered urban unemployment rate within 4.6 percent, rise in the

consumer price index of no more than 4 percent, and basic balance in international payments.Maintaining steady and rapid economic development is an important issue that the government must

successfully handle.This is a period of important strategic opportunities for China, and the

economy should grow rapidly, but not be allowed to overheat.Both drastic upturns and downturns

in economic growth are bad for economic development, reform and opening up, and social stability.In setting the target for this year's economic growth at around 8 percent, the Central Committee

took into consideration both what is necessary and what is feasible, as well as what will be

needed to meet employment, price and other targets to ensure that the growth target accords with

actual conditions.Under the conditions of the socialist market economy, targets are only

guidelines for economic and social development and can be adjusted in line with economic changes.All localities should set their targets for economic and social development in line with local

conditions and focus on improving the quality and efficiency of economic growth.They should not

blindly compete with each other for the fastest pace of economic growth.To ensure completion of all the tasks for economic and social development for 2005, we will pay

particular attention to the following three aspects in our guidance and planning work.First, we

will concentrate on doing our macro-regulatory work well.We will continue to eliminate

destabilizing and unsound factors in our economic activities, promote economic restructuring and

transformation of the pattern of economic growth, maintain steady and rapid economic growth, and

keep overall price levels basically stable.Second, we will press ahead with reform and opening

up.We will make reform the driving force behind all aspects of our work, integrate efforts to

deepen reform with efforts to implement a scientific outlook on development and to tighten and

improve macro-regulation, and use reform to solve institutional problems in our development.We

will open to the outside world more fully and make better use of both domestic and international

markets and resources.Third, we will build a harmonious society.To build a socialist society

that is democratic and law-based, fair and just, trustworthy and friendly, full of vigor and

vitality, secure and orderly, and in which man and nature are in harmony, we need to unite all

forces that can be united, bring all positive factors into full play and stimulate the creativity

of the entire society.We need to properly balance the interests of all quarters and ensure that

everyone shares the fruits of reform and development.We also need to balance reform, development

and stability and strive to create favorable conditions and a good climate for sustained economic

and social development.III.Continuing to Ensure Steady and Rapid Economic Development

We need to focus on accomplishing the following four tasks for this year's economic development.1.Continuing to strengthen and improve macro-regulation.In the present state of economic

activities, we cannot slacken our macro-regulation.We need to follow prudent fiscal and monetary

policies and better coordinate our macroeconomic policies this year.We must adhere more closely

to the principle of dealing with different sectors individually and expanding some of them while

contracting others, and emphasize the role of market forces and economic and legal methods in

consolidating and building on our achievements in macro-regulation.Following a prudent fiscal policy.The central government has followed a proactive fiscal policy

since 1998 to counteract the impact of the Asian financial crisis and boost weak domestic demand.Time has proven that this policy is correct and that it has produced remarkable results.However，the scale of investment in China is now quite large and the amount of funds in the hands of the

general public has increased substantially, making it necessary and possible for us to shift from

an expansive proactive fiscal policy to an appropriately tight fiscal policy.We will

appropriately cut the budget deficit and the quantity of long-term treasury bonds for development

this year.The deficit in the central budget for 2005 will be 300 billion yuan, 19.8 billion yuan

less than was budgeted in 2004.The central government plans to issue 80 billion yuan worth of

long-term treasury bonds, 30 billion yuan less than last year, while allocations from the 2005

central budget for investment in regular development project s will be increased by 10 billion

yuan.The long-term treasury bonds issued this year will be used mainly to increase investment in

weak links such as agriculture, rural areas and farmers;social development;and ecological

conservation and environmental protection.The funds will also be used to develop the western

region and rejuvenate Northeast China and other old industrial bases;to support accelerated

development in old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas, and

poverty-stricken areas;and to continue support for some on-going bond-financed projects.We need

to do our fiscal and tax work conscientiously.Tax collection and management need to be tightened

in accordance with the law by screening and standardizing all preferential tax policies and

strictly controlling tax reductions and exemptions to ensure that government revenue rises

steadily.Increases in general spending must be strictly held in check to ensure funding for key

projects.We need to practice frugality and eliminate waste in all our work.Continuing to follow a prudent monetary policy.We will appropriately control the supply of money

and credit in order to support economic development while guarding against inflation and

financial risks.We will improve financial regulation by flexibly using a variety of monetary

policy instruments.We will guide financial institutions to optimize their credit structure, to

improve their services, to provide working capital to enterprises that are profitable and have a

ready market for their products, to provide more loans for small and medium-sized enterprises and

for rural areas, and to maintain the amount of medium-and long-term loans at an appropriate

level.To ensure safe, efficient and stable financial operations, we must enhance supervision of

financial enterprises, vigorously yet prudently deal with all types of financial hazards and

crack down on illegal and criminal financial activities.Reining in the scale of fixed asset

investment.We will continue to closely monitor the two valves of approval for land use and

availability of credit.We will maintain the strictest land management system by improving

policies and intensifying law enforcement.We will improve city planning and land management，further rectify the land market, strictly limit transformation of farmland for use in development

projects and appropriately control the scale of urban development.We will accelerate our work of

improving the policies and plans for key industries and the criteria for their market access.We

will work hard to improve the distribution of investment and guide non-government investment into

areas that are developing poorly.We will continue to regulate economic activities to further

alleviate tight supplies of coal, electricity, petroleum and transportation.Vigorously expanding consumer demand.We will implement fiscal, tax, financial and industrial

policies that encourage consumption.Consumption on credit and other new forms of consumption

will be developed steadily.We will improve the consumption environment, paying particular

attention to strengthening the rural infrastructure, expanding rural markets and stimulating the

distribution of agricultural products.New areas of consumption will be fostered by such means as

expanding the consumption of services.We will guide consumer expectations and enhance consumer

confidence to increase immediate consumption.Keeping the overall price level basically stable.We will work hard to keep the prices of grain

and other primary farm products basically stable at a reasonable level, focusing on curbing the

excessively rapid rise in the prices of the real estate and means of production and appropriately

handling the timing and magnitude of price adjustments for public goods and services.Supervision

of markets and prices will be improved to resolutely put an end to price gouging.2.Improving our work relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers.Solving the problems

facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers remains a top priority of all our work.To adapt to

the needs of the new stage of our economic development, we will implement the principle of

industry nurturing agriculture and cities supporting the countryside and rationally redirect the

distribution of national revenue toward the development of agriculture and rural areas.We will

expand support for this development in a number of ways, with the focus on expanding overall

agricultural production capacity, steadily improving grain production and constantly increasing

rural incomes.First, we will maintain, improve and strengthen policies to support agriculture.The process of

reducing or exempting the agricultural tax will be accelerated.This tax will be substantially

reduced or exempted on a broad scale throughout the country, and it will be exempted in 592 key

counties included in the national plan for poverty alleviation through development.The livestock

tax will be exempted throughout the country.Revenue decreases in local budgets brought about by

reduced or exempted taxes on agriculture and livestock will be offset principally by transfer

payments from the central government.Additional expenditures of 14 billion yuan from the central

budget will be needed for this purpose this year, raising the total expenditures to 66.4 billion

yuan.The agricultural tax will be exempted throughout the country next year, which means that

what had been targeted for five years will be achieved in three.We will continue to directly

subsidize grain producers, increase subsidies to farmers to purchase improved crop strains and

agricultural machinery and tools, and continue to follow a policy of minimum purchase prices for

key grain varieties.Comprehensive measures will be adopted to halt the steep price increases for

the means of agricultural production.The central government will allocate an additional 15

billion yuan to increase transfer payments to major grain-producing counties and to counties with

financial difficulties.This policy is of great importance for developing primary-level

governments and all undertakings in rural areas in these regions.Second, we will continue to make structural adjustments in agriculture and the rural economy.We

will further develop grain production by stabilizing and increasing the acreage sown to grain，strengthening development of grain production bases and strictly protecting arable land，especially primary farmland.We will improve the geographical distribution of agriculture，promote its specialized production and industrial management, and develop distinctive

agricultural undertakings.Development of farm product processing industries will be accelerated.We will energetically develop forestry, animal husbandry and aquaculture.Township and village

enterprises and intra-county economies will be expanded.Third, we will intensify development of irrigation and water conservancy projects and the rural

infrastructure.Funding from state investment in capital construction and the sale of treasury

bonds will be focused on developing irrigation and water conservancy projects, improving the

eco-system, upgrading low-and medium-yield farmland, developing six categories of small rural

projects [water-efficient irrigation, potable water supplies, road building, methane production

facilities, hydroelectric plants, and pasture enclosure, tr.], expanding dry and water-efficient

farming, and constructing roads linking townships to county seats.Greater priority will be given

to major grain-producing areas in distributing funds for overall agricultural development.We

will encourage and guide farmers to volunteer to work on small infrastructure projects that will

benefit them directly.Fourth, we will accelerate innovation in agricultural science and technology and spread of the

use of agricultural technology.We will greatly increase investment in agricultural science and

technology, raise innovativeness in them, and further improve the system for expanding the use of

agricultural technology.Subsidies will be increased for expanding the use of important

agricultural technologies.We will encourage and support scientists and technicians to go to the

countryside to provide technical consultation and services.Fifth, we will transfer surplus rural labor to nonagricultural jobs in a variety of ways.Rural

secondary and tertiary industries will be developed to steadily promote urbanization and expand

employment opportunities for rural workers.We will improve the environment for rural workers

looking for jobs or starting their own businesses in cities, provide more vocational training for

them, and formulate more policies concerning them.We will guide the movement of rural labor to

ensure that it flows in a rational and orderly way.3.Accelerating economic restructuring and change in the pattern of economic growth.Optimizing and upgrading the industrial structure.We will stay on the new road of

industrialization.We will spur industrial restructuring by relying on scientific and

technological advances and focusing on becoming better able to make independent innovations.We

will accelerate development of new and high technologies that can greatly stimulate economic

growth as well as broadly applicable, key and accessory technologies that can propel the

upgrading of traditional industries.We will promptly formulate innovation targets and measures

for achieving them in key technologies in a number of important fields and make breakthroughs as

quickly as possible.We will improve the systems and policies that encourage innovation.We will

continue to introduce advanced technologies, assimilate them, and make innovations in them, while

concentrating on enhancing our own development capacity.We will energetically develop new and

high technology industries and integrate information technology into the national economy and

society.We will accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries through

new and high technologies and advanced applied technologies.We will revitalize the

equipment-manufacturing industry, focusing on major projects.Guided by plans for specific

projects, we will continue strengthening basic industries like the energy industry and important

raw materials industries as well as infrastructure development in water conservancy, transport

and communications.We will vigorously develop tertiary industries such as modern distribution

services, tourism and community services.We need to accelerate the development of capital-and

technology-intensive industries and continue to develop labor-intensive industries.Promoting the reorganization and technological upgrading of enterprises.We will take existing

enterprises as our base, making good use of reserve capacity and preventing indiscriminate

construction of new facilities.We will give more support in the areas of taxation, financing and

land use to key enterprises undergoing technological upgrading.Efforts will be concentrated on

integrating technological upgrading of enterprises with their reform.We will support and

encourage the investment of non-government capital in the reorganization and technological

upgrading of enterprises.49

Paying close attention to conservation and rational use of energy and resources.Efforts to

alleviate the problem of tight supplies of energy and resources needed for economic and social

development must start at home by utilizing energy and resources much more efficiently.First, we

will resolutely adhere to the policy of simultaneously developing and conserving energy and

resources, giving priority to conservation.We will encourage the development and application of

new technologies that use less energy and resources, and institute a system requiring the

elimination of equipment and products that consume excessive quantities of energy and materials.Second, we will promptly draw up standards and targets for reducing energy and resource

consumption in every industry, along with policies and measures for meeting the targets.This

work will be focused on saving energy, water and materials in key industries.We will encourage

development of energy-efficient, environment-friendly automobiles, and housing and public

buildings that use less energy and land.Third, we will energetically develop the recycling

sector of the economy.We will increase the comprehensive utilization of resources and the

recycling of resources by addressing problems concerning their exploitation, their use in

production and in society, and the utilization of waste materials.We will also work vigorously

to develop new and renewable energy resources.Fourth, management of the exploitation of mineral

resources will be strengthened.We will rectify and standardize the order in their exploitation.We will improve the compensation mechanisms for the exploitation and utilization of mineral

resources and for restoration of the natural environment.Fifth, we will energetically promote

production and consumption practices that use less energy and resources, increase public

awareness of the importance of conservation, and accelerate the development of a

conservation-minded society.Strengthening environmental protection and ecological improvement.We must promptly solve

第三篇：2016年政府工作报告(中英文)

政府工作报告

Report on the Work of the Government

——2016年3月5日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第四次会议上

– Delivered at the Fourth Session of the 12th National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of

China on March 5, 2016

国务院总理

李克强

Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

Esteemed Deputies,现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).一、2015年工作回顾

过去一年，我国发展面临多重困难和严峻挑战。在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民以坚定的信心和非凡的勇气，攻坚克难，开拓进取，经济社会发展稳中有进、稳中有好，完成了全年主要目标任务，改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得新的重大成就。

Let me start with a review of the work we did in 2015.In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development.However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have pressed ahead with a pioneering spirit.As a result, progress has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.——经济运行保持在合理区间。国内生产总值达到67.7万亿元，增长6.9%，在世界主要经济体中位居前列。粮食产量实现“十二连增”，居民消费价格涨幅保持较低水平。特别是就业形势总体稳定，城镇新增就业1312万人，超过全年预期目标，成为经济运行的一大亮点。

– The economy operated within an appropriate range.GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over the previous year-a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies.Food crop production increased for the 12th year in a row.Consumer prices grew slowly.Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over the course of the year, surpassing the year’s target and becoming an economic highlight.——结构调整取得积极进展。服务业在国内生产总值中的比重上升到50.5%，首次占据“半壁江山”。消费对经济增长的贡献率达到66.4%。高技术产业和装备制造业增速快于一般工业。单位国内生产总值能耗下降5.6%。

– Encouraging progress was made in structural adjustment.The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time.The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%.High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%.——发展新动能加快成长。创新驱动发展战略持续推进，互联网与各行业加速融合，新兴产业快速增长。大众创业、万众创新蓬勃发展，全年新登记注册企业增长21.6%，平均每天新增1.2万户。新动能对稳就业、促升级发挥了突出作用，正在推动经济社会发生深刻变革。

– New driving forces for development grew rapidly.Further progress was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development, the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly.Business startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businesses rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day.New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.——人民生活进一步改善。全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长7.4%，快于经济增速。去年末居民储蓄存款余额增长8.5%，新增4万多亿元。又解决6434万农村人口饮水安全问题。扶贫攻坚力度加大，农村贫困人口减少1442万人。

– Living standards improved.Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy.By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan.In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained access to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.科技领域一批创新成果达到国际先进水平，第三代核电技术取得重大进展，国产C919大型客机总装下线，屠呦呦获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。对我国发展取得的成就，全国各族人民倍感振奋和自豪！

A number of world-class innovations were made in science and technology.Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China’s self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the assembly line, and Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.回顾过去一年，成绩来之不易。这些成绩，是在极为复杂严峻的国际环境中取得的。去年世界经济增速为6年来最低，国际贸易增速更低，大宗商品价格深度下跌，国际金融市场震荡加剧，对我国经济造成直接冲击和影响。这些成绩，是在国内深层次矛盾凸显、经济下行压力加大的情况下取得的。面对“三期叠加”的局面，经济工作遇到不少两难甚至多难问题，需要远近结合，趋利避害，有效应对。这些成绩，是在我国经济总量超过60万亿元的高基数上取得的。现在国内生产总值每增长1个百分点的增量，相当于5年前1.5个百分点、10年前2.5个百分点的增量。经济规模越大，增长难度随之增加。在困难和压力面前，全国各族人民付出了极大辛劳，一步一步走了过来。这再次表明，任何艰难险阻都挡不住中国发展前行的步伐！

These achievements in China’s development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment.In 2015, world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years, growth in international trade slowed, commodity prices plummeted, and there was growing volatility in the global financial market.All this had a direct impact on China’s economy.They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward pressure on the economy was mounting.While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm.Finally, they were made at a time when China’s economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan.Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago.The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth.In the face of these difficulties and pressures, all our people have truly exerted themselves and progressed step by step to get us where we are today.This once again demonstrates that no difficulty or hardship will ever stop China from moving forward.一年来，我们主要做了以下工作：

I will now move on to discuss the main work we did last year:

一是着力稳增长调结构防风险，创新宏观调控方式。为应对持续加大的经济下行压力，我们在区间调控基础上，实施定向调控和相机调控。积极的财政政策注重加力增效，扩大结构性减税范围，实行普遍性降费，盘活财政存量资金。发行地方政府债券置换存量债务3.2万亿元，降低利息负担约2000亿元，减轻了地方政府偿债压力。稳健的货币政策注重松紧适度，多次降息降准，改革存贷比管理，创新货币政策工具，加大对实体经济支持力度。扩大有效投资，设立专项基金，加强水利、城镇棚户区和农村危房改造、中西部铁路和公路等薄弱环节建设。实施重点领域消费促进工程，城乡居民旅游、网购、信息消费等快速增长。去年还积极应对股市、汇市异常波动等金融领域的多种风险挑战，守住了不发生系统性区域性风险的底线，维护了国家经济金融安全。

First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation.In responding to the mounting downward pressure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation.We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees across the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use.Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, lessening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment pressure.We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy.Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions.Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services.In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China’s economic and financial security.二是围绕激发市场活力，加大改革开放力度。我们不搞“大水漫灌”式的强刺激，而是持续推动结构性改革。深入推进简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革。取消和下放311项行政审批事项，取消123项职业资格许可和认定事项，彻底终结了非行政许可审批。工商登记前置审批精简85%，全面实施三证合一、一照一码。加强事中事后监管，优化公共服务流程。群众和企业办事更加方便，全社会创业创新热情日益高涨。

Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform.We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review.The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code.Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.Government-related procedures for individuals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.财税金融等重点改革深入推进。中央对地方专项转移支付项目减少三分之一，一般性转移支付规模增加。营改增稳步实施，资源税从价计征范围扩大。取消存款利率浮动上限，推出存款保险制度，建立人民币跨境支付系统。价格改革力度加大，中央政府定价项目减少80%，地方政府定价项目减少一半以上。国有企业、农村、投融资、生态文明等领域改革有序推进，全面深化改革的成效正在显现。

Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened.The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments.Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT.Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes.The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established.Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%.We carried out state-owned enterprise(SOE)reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others.Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.坚持以开放促改革促发展。努力稳定对外贸易，调整出口退税负担机制，清理规范进出口环节收费，提高贸易便利化水平，出口结构发生积极变化。外商投资限制性条目减少一半，95%以上实行备案管理，实际使用外资1263亿美元，增长5.6%。非金融类对外直接投资1180亿美元，增长14.7%。推广上海自贸试验区经验，新设广东、天津、福建自贸试验区。人民币加入国际货币基金组织特别提款权货币篮子。亚洲基础设施投资银行正式成立，丝路基金投入运营。签署中韩、中澳自贸协定和中国－东盟自贸区升级议定书。“一带一路”建设成效显现，国际产能合作步伐加快，高铁、核电等中国装备走出去取得突破性进展。

Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up.We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix.The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis.China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%.Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%.Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China(Shanghai)Pilot Free Trade Zone.The RMB was included in the IMF’s Special Drawing Rights basket.The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for business.China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively, and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN.Progress was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative(the Belt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China’s export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.三是聚焦提质增效，推动产业创新升级。制定实施创新驱动发展战略纲要和意见，出台推动大众创业、万众创新政策举措，落实“互联网+”行动计划，增强经济发展新动力。一大批创客走上创业创新之路。完善农业支持政策，促进农业发展方式加快转变。针对工业增速下降、企业效益下滑，我们一手抓新兴产业培育，一手抓传统产业改造提升。启动实施《中国制造2025》，设立国家新兴产业创业投资引导基金、中小企业发展基金，扩大国家自主创新示范区。积极化解过剩产能，推进企业兼并重组。近三年淘汰落后炼钢炼铁产能9000多万吨、水泥2.3亿吨、平板玻璃7600多万重量箱、电解铝100多万吨。促进生产性、生活性服务业加快发展。狠抓节能减排和环境保护，各项约束性指标超额完成。公布自主减排行动目标，推动国际气候变化谈判取得积极成果。

Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance.To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businesses and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented.A great number of makers started businesses and made innovations.Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model.In addressing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide incorporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones.We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones.We cut overcapacity and encouraged business acquisitions and restructuring.Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate glass, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum.The development of production-and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum.We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets.We released self-imposed emissions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.四是着眼开拓发展空间，促进区域协调发展和新型城镇化。继续推动东、中、西、东北地区“四大板块”协调发展，重点推进“一带一路”建设、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展“三大战略”，在基础设施、产业布局、生态环保等方面实施一批重大工程。制定实施促进西藏和四省藏区、新疆发展的政策措施。推进户籍制度改革，出台居住证制度，加强城镇基础设施建设，新型城镇化取得新成效。

Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space.Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast;priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives – the Belt and Road Initiative, theBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integration Initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt Initiative.A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation.Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai.We pressed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.五是紧扣增进民生福祉，推动社会事业改革发展。在财力紧张情况下，保障民生力度继续加大。推出新的政策，重点解决高校毕业生和就业困难群体的就业创业问题。城镇保障性安居工程住房基本建成772万套，棚户区住房改造开工601万套，农村危房改造432万户，一大批住房困难家庭圆了安居梦。加快改善贫困地区义务教育薄弱学校办学条件，深化中小学教师职称制度改革，重点高校招收贫困地区农村学生人数又增长10.5%。全面推开县级公立医院综合改革，拓展居民大病保险，建立重特大疾病医疗救助制度、困难残疾人生活补贴和重度残疾人护理补贴制度。提高低保、优抚、企业退休人员基本养老金等标准，推行机关事业单位养老保险制度改革并完善工资制度。加强基本公共文化服务建设。广大人民群众有了更多获得感。

Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people.New policies were launched to create jobs and business startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment.Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in.We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the professional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%.Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of assistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established.We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system.Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified.All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.六是促进社会和谐稳定，推动依法行政和治理方式创新。国务院提请全国人大常委会审议法律议案11件，制定修订行政法规8部。政务公开加快推进，推广电子政务和网上办事。建立重大政策落实督查问责机制，开展第三方评估。有效应对自然灾害和突发事件。加强安全生产监管，事故总量和重特大事故、重点行业事故数量继续下降。推进食品安全创建示范行动。强化社会治安综合治理，依法打击各类违法犯罪活动，有力维护了公共安全。

Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability.The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations.Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration.We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations.We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies.Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety;as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common.We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety.We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.我们深入开展“三严三实”专题教育，锲而不舍落实党中央八项规定精神，坚决纠正“四风”，严格执行国务院“约法三章”。加强行政监察和审计监督。大力推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争，一批腐败分子受到惩处。

The campaign to build understanding of the Three Stricts and Three Honests* was intensified, the CPC Central Committee’s eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council’s three-point decision on curbing government spending.Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened.We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.Note:

*To be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline;and to be honest in one’s thinking, one’s work, and one’s behavior.我们隆重纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年，集中宣示了我国作为世界反法西斯战争东方主战场的历史地位和重大贡献，彰显了中国人民同各国人民共护和平、共守正义的坚定信念！

We marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Global War against Fascism.This anniversary was a reminder of China’s place in history as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its major contribution to the war effort.The Chinese people marked this occasion to demonstrate their dedication to safeguarding peace and upholding justice together with other peoples.一年来，全方位外交成果丰硕。习近平主席等国家领导人出访多国，出席联合国系列峰会、二十国集团领导人峰会、亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议、气候变化大会、东亚合作领导人系列会议、世界经济论坛等重大活动。成功举行中非合作论坛峰会、中欧领导人会晤，启动中拉论坛。同主要大国关系取得新进展，同周边国家务实合作深入推进，同发展中国家友好合作不断拓展，同联合国等国际组织和国际机制的关系全面加强，经济外交、人文交流卓有成效。中国作为负责任大国，在国际和地区事务中发挥了重要的建设性作用。

Over the past year, China’s all-round diplomacy has delivered fruitful outcomes.President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended international events including the United Nations summits, the G20 Leaders’ Summit, the 23rd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the East Asian leaders’ meetings on cooperation, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2016.The Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the China-EU Leaders’ Meeting were held, and the China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States(CELAC)Forum was inaugurated.Fresh progress was made in China’s relations with other major countries;pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries was strengthened;friendship and cooperation with other developing countries grew;relations with the United Nations and other international organizations and mechanisms were strengthened in all areas;and notable achievements were made in economic diplomacy and cultural exchanges.As a responsible major country, China played an important constructive role in international and regional affairs.各位代表！

Esteemed Deputies,过去一年取得的成绩，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央统揽全局、科学决策的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民齐心协力、顽强拼搏的结果。我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚感谢！向关心和支持中国现代化建设事业的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚感谢！

We owe these achievements to the sound overall decisions made by the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and to the concerted and determined efforts of all members of the Party, all members of the armed forces, and all the people of China.On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express our sincere gratitude to the people of all ethnic groups in China including public figures from all sectors of society and to the other parties and the people’s organizations.I express our heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas.I also wish to express our sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in her endeavor to modernize.在充分肯定去年成绩的同时，我们也清醒看到，我国发展中还存在不少困难和问题。受全球贸易萎缩等因素影响，去年我国进出口总额出现下降，预期增长目标未能实现。投资增长乏力，一些行业产能过剩严重，部分企业生产经营困难，地区和行业走势分化，财政收支矛盾突出，资本市场基础性制度还不完善，金融等领域存在风险隐患。人民群众关心的医疗、教育、养老、食品药品安全、收入分配、城市管理等方面问题较多，环境污染形势仍很严峻，严重雾霾天气在一些地区时有发生。特别令人痛心的是，去年发生了“东方之星”号客轮翻沉事件和天津港特别重大火灾爆炸等事故，人员伤亡和财产损失惨重，教训极其深刻，必须认真汲取。政府工作还存在不足，有些改革和政策措施落实不到位，少数干部不作为、不会为、乱作为，一些领域的不正之风和腐败问题不容忽视。我们要进一步增强忧患意识和担当意识，下更大力气解决这些问题，始终以民之所望为施政所向，尽心竭力做好政府工作，决不辜负人民重托。

While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware that our country is still confronted with many difficulties and problems in pursuing development.With the decline in global trade, amongst other factors, China experienced a fall in its total imports and exports and failed to reach its growth objective in this regard.Growth in investment is sluggish, overcapacity is a serious problem in certain industries, some enterprises are facing difficulties in production and operations, growth prospects are mixed for different regions and different industries, notable imbalances exist between government revenue and expenditures, the basic institutions for the capital market still need to be improved, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors.There are many problems in medical care, education, elderly care, food and medicine safety, income distribution, and urban management that are of concern to the people.The situation remains grave when it comes to environmental pollution, and some regions are frequently hit by severe smog.Particularly distressing, last year saw the sinking of the cruise ship Oriental Star on the Yangtze and the massive explosion in Tianjin Port.The deaths and injuries and the damage and loss of property from these incidents were devastating, and the profound lessons these incidents have taught us should never be forgotten.There are still inadequacies in the work of the government.Some reforms, policies, and measures have not been fully implemented;a small number of government employees either do not or are unable to fulfill their duties, or behave irresponsibly;and the corruption and misconduct in some sectors cannot be ignored.We must be more mindful of the difficulties ahead, more ready to assume responsibility, and more hardworking in ensuring these problems are solved.The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance;we must do our utmost to deliver a strong performance in our work and never fail to live up to the great trust the people have placed in us.各位代表！

Esteemed Deputies,2015年是“十二五”收官之年。过去五年，我国发展成就举世瞩目。党的十八大以来，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，面对错综复杂的国际环境和艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务，我们继续坚持稳中求进工作总基调，深化改革开放，实施一系列利当前、惠长远的重大举措，“十二五”规划确定的主要目标任务全面完成。一是经济持续较快发展。国内生产总值年均增长7.8%，经济总量稳居世界第二位，成为全球第一货物贸易大国和主要对外投资大国。二是结构调整取得标志性进展。服务业成为第一大产业，工业化与信息化融合加深，农业综合生产能力明显增强。消费成为支撑经济增长的主要力量。超过一半人口居住在城镇。单位国内生产总值能耗下降18.2%，主要污染物排放量减少12%以上。三是基础设施水平全面跃升。铁路营业里程达到12.1万公里，其中高速铁路超过1.9万公里，占世界60%以上。高速公路通车里程超过12万公里。南水北调东、中线工程通水。建成全球最大的第四代移动通信网络。四是科技创新实现重大突破。量子通信、中微子振荡、高温铁基超导等基础研究取得一批原创性成果，载人航天、探月工程、深海探测等项目达到世界先进水平。五是人民生活水平显著提高。居民收入增长快于经济增长，城乡收入差距持续缩小。城镇新增就业人数超过6400万人。城镇保障性安居工程住房建设4013万套，上亿群众喜迁新居。农村贫困人口减少1亿多，解决3亿多农村人口饮水安全问题。六是社会发展成就斐然。教育公平和质量明显提升。基本医疗保险实现全覆盖，基本养老保险参保率超过80%。文化软实力持续提升。依法治国全面推进。中国特色军事变革成就显著。经过五年努力，我国经济实力、科技实力、国防实力、国际影响力又上了一个大台阶。

The period covered by the 12th Five-Year Plan came to a close in 2015.During the past five years, impressive achievements were made in China’s development.Since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, we have found ourselves in a complicated international environment, and we have faced the challenging tasks of carrying out reform and development and maintaining stability at home.However, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, we have continued our commitment to the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable, deepened reform and opening up, and adopted a series of major measures that should deliver both immediate and long-term benefits.As a result, we successfully fulfilled all the main tasks and targets set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan.First, a high rate of economic development was maintained.During this period, China’s GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.8%.This growth enabled China to comfortably maintain its position as the world’s second-largest economy, and become the largest trading nation in terms of goods as well as a major outbound investor.Second, milestone progress was achieved in structural adjustments.Service industries have grown to be the largest economic sector, information technology has been further integrated into industrialization, and overall agricultural production capacity has notably improved.Consumption has become a major driver of growth.Over half of China’s population now resides in urban areas.Energy consumption per unit of GDP has dropped by 18.2%, and the emissions of major pollutants have been cut by over 12%.Third, across-the-board improvements were made in infrastructure.The length of railways in service reached 121,000 kilometers, of which more than 19,000 kilometers are high-speed rail lines-more than 60% of the world’s total.The length of expressways open to traffic exceeded 120,000 kilometers, the eastern and middle routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were put into operation, and the world’s largest 4G mobile network was built in China.Fourth, significant breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation.Original achievements were made in quantum communications, neutrino oscillation, and iron-based high-temperature superconductivity through basic research.World-class advances were made in manned spaceflight, the lunar exploration program, and deep-water exploration.Fifth, living standards improved significantly.Personal income increased faster than economic growth, and the urban-rural income gap was narrowed.Over 64 million urban jobs were created.Government subsidies were used to build 40.13 million housing units in urban areas, providing new homes for around 100 million people.The number of rural residents living in poverty was cut by more than 100 million, and over 300 million rural residents gained access to safe drinking water.Sixth, notable achievements were made in social development.Significant progress was made in ensuring equal access to education, and the quality of education markedly improved.Basic health insurance was expanded to achieve complete coverage, and participation in basic pension plans exceeded 80% of the whole population.China’s soft power continued to grow.The rule of law was advanced in all respects.Significant achievements were made in the military revolution with Chinese characteristics.Over the past five years, China’s economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, defense capabilities, and international influence have all been strengthened considerably.The achievements attained during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan fully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people.The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals.*

Note:

* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People’s Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.“十二五”时期的辉煌成就，充分显示了中国特色社会主义的巨大优越性，集中展现了中国人民的无穷创造力，极大增强了中华民族的自信心和凝聚力，必将激励全国各族人民在实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标的新征程上奋力前行！

The achievements attained during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan fully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people.The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals.*

Note:

* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People’s Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.二、“十三五”时期主要目标任务和重大举措

Let me now brief you on the main targets, tasks, and measures for the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan from 2016through 2020.根据《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划的建议》，国务院编制了《国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划纲要（草案）》，提交大会审查。

On the basis of the CPC Central Committee Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, the State Council has drawn up the draft of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Developmentand submitted it to this session for your review and approval.《纲要草案》紧紧围绕全面建成小康社会奋斗目标，针对发展不平衡、不协调、不可持续等突出问题，强调要牢固树立和贯彻落实创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，明确了今后五年经济社会发展的主要目标任务，提出了一系列支撑发展的重大政策、重大工程和重大项目，突出了以下六个方面。

The draft, centering on the goal of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and designed to address serious issues such as unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development, stresses the need to promote innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development.It proposes the main targets and tasks for economic and social development over the next five years as well as development policies, initiatives, and projects.The following are the six areas highlighted in the draft.——保持经济中高速增长，推动产业迈向中高端水平。实现全面建成小康社会目标，到2020年国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比2010年翻一番，“十三五”时期经济年均增长保持在6.5%以上。加快推进产业结构优化升级，实施一批技术水平高、带动能力强的重大工程。到2020年，先进制造业、现代服务业、战略性新兴产业比重大幅提升，全员劳动生产率从人均8.7万元提高到12万元以上。届时，我国经济总量超过90万亿元，发展的质量和效益明显提高。在我们这样一个人口众多的发展中国家，这将是非常了不起的成就。

– We should work to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and promote the development of industries toward the medium-high end.To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income by 2020, the economy needs to grow at an average annual rate of at least 6.5% during this five-year period.To that end, we will move faster to improve or upgrade the structure of industry and launch initiatives that use advanced technologies and can drive industrial development.Our goal is that by 2020, advanced manufacturing, modern services, and strategic emerging industries as a proportion of GDP will have risen significantly and that per capita labor productivity will have risen from 87,000 yuan to over 120,000 yuan.By that time, China’s aggregate economic output should have exceeded 90 trillion yuan, and the quality and efficacy of development should have significantly improved.For a developing country like China with such a large population, this will be a truly remarkable achievement.——强化创新引领作用，为发展注入强大动力。创新是引领发展的第一动力，必须摆在国家发展全局的核心位置，深入实施创新驱动发展战略。启动一批新的国家重大科技项目，建设一批高水平的国家科学中心和技术创新中心，培育壮大一批有国际竞争力的创新型领军企业，建设一批全面创新改革试验区。持续推动大众创业、万众创新。促进大数据、云计算、物联网广泛应用。加快建设质量强国、制造强国、知识产权强国。到2020年，力争在基础研究、应用研究和战略前沿领域取得重大突破，全社会研发经费投入强度达到2.5%，科技进步对经济增长的贡献率达到60%，迈进创新型国家和人才强国行列。

– We should ensure that innovation better drives and energizes development.Innovation is the primary driving force for development and must occupy a central place in China’s development strategy, which is why we must implement a strategy of innovation-driven development.We should launch new national science and technology programs, build first-class national science centers and technological innovation hubs, help develop internationally competitive high-innovation enterprises, and establish pilot reform zones for all-round innovation.We should make consistent efforts to encourage the public to start businesses and make innovations.We should promote the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things.We need to move faster to transform China into a manufacturer of advanced and quality products and a country that is strong on intellectual property rights.We should strive to achieve major breakthroughs in basic research, applied research, and research in strategic and frontier fields by 2020.China’s investment in research and development is expected to reach 2.5% of GDP, and the contribution of scientific and technological advances toward economic growth should come to reach 60%.Fulfilling these objectives will turn China into an innovative and talent-rich country.——推进新型城镇化和农业现代化，促进城乡区域协调发展。缩小城乡区域差距，既是调整经济结构的重点，也是释放发展潜力的关键。要深入推进以人为核心的新型城镇化，实现1亿左右农业转移人口和其他常住人口在城镇落户，完成约1亿人居住的棚户区和城中村改造，引导约1亿人在中西部地区就近城镇化。到2020年，常住人口城镇化率达到60%、户籍人口城镇化率达到45%。实施一批水利、农机、现代种业等工程，推动农业适度规模经营和区域化布局、标准化生产、社会化服务。到2020年，粮食等主要农产品供给和质量安全得到更好保障，农业现代化水平明显提高，新农村建设取得新成效。以区域发展总体战略为基础，以“三大战略”为引领，形成沿海沿江沿线经济带为主的纵向横向经济轴带，培育一批辐射带动力强的城市群和增长极。加强重大基础设施建设，高铁营业里程达到3万公里、覆盖80%以上的大城市，新建改建高速公路通车里程约3万公里，实现城乡宽带网络全覆盖。

– We should make progress in new urbanization and agricultural modernization as well as in balancing development between urban and rural areas and between regions.Narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is not only a key part of economic structural adjustment;it is also crucial for unleashing developmental potential.We should advance the new, people-centered urbanization.This will mean granting urban residency to around 100 million people with rural household registration living in urban areas and other permanent urban residents, completing the rebuilding of both rundown areas and “villages” in cities involving about 100 million people, and enabling around 100 million rural residents to live in local towns and cities in the central and western regions.By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China’s population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents.We should launch initiatives to develop water conservancy in agriculture, farming machinery, and the modern seed industry, encourage appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations, and promote regional distribution, standardized production, and commercial agricultural services.By 2020, the supply, quality, and safety of food crops and other major agricultural products should be better ensured, notable headway should have been made in modernizing agriculture, and fresh progress should have been made in developing the new countryside.Guided by the general strategy for regional development, we should pursue the Three Initiatives to form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastline, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes, and foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the development of surrounding areas.We should also expand major infrastructure projects, with the aim of increasing the length of high-speed railways in service to 30,000 kilometers and linking more than 80% of big cities in China with high-speed railways, building or upgrading around 30,000 kilometers of expressways, and achieving full coverage of access to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas.——推动形成绿色生产生活方式，加快改善生态环境。坚持在发展中保护、在保护中发展，持续推进生态文明建设。深入实施大气、水、土壤污染防治行动计划，划定生态空间保护红线，推进山水林田湖生态工程，加强生态保护和修复。今后五年，单位国内生产总值用水量、能耗、二氧化碳排放量分别下降23%、15%、18%，森林覆盖率达到23.04%，能源资源开发利用效率大幅提高，生态环境质量总体改善。特别是治理大气雾霾取得明显进展，地级及以上城市空气质量优良天数比率超过80%。我们要持之以恒，建设天蓝、地绿、水清的美丽中国。

– We should encourage green ways of working and living and speed up efforts to conserve ecosystems and the environment.We need to protect the environment while pursuing development and achieve development in a well-protected environment, making sustained efforts to build a sound ecological system.We need to take serious action to prevent and control air, water, and soil pollution, set a red line that the country’s total area of ecological spaces should not fall below, move forward with eco-friendly projects to protect and restore mountains, waters, forests, and farmlands, and intensify ecological conservation and restoration efforts.Over the next five years, we should aim to ensure that water consumption, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP are cut by 23%, 15%, and 18%, respectively, and that forest coverage reaches 23.04%.We should also make it our aim, within this timeframe, to develop and use energy and resources much more efficiently and make improvements to the quality of ecosystems and the environment.In particular, we should strive for major progress in the control and prevention of air pollution and see to it that the air quality of cities at and above the prefectural level is good or excellent for 80% of the year.We must work to build, through tireless efforts, a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.——深化改革开放，构建发展新体制。发展根本上要靠改革开放。必须全面深化改革，坚持和完善基本经济制度，建立现代产权制度，基本建成法治政府，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用，加快形成引领经济发展新常态的体制机制和发展方式。“一带一路”建设取得重大进展，国际产能合作实现新的突破。对外贸易向优进优出转变，服务贸易比重显著提升，从贸易大国迈向贸易强国。全面实行准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，逐步构建高标准自由贸易区网络，基本形成开放型经济新体制新格局。

– We need to deepen reform and opening up to create new institutions for development.Fundamentally, development relies on reform and opening up.We must deepen reform across the board, uphold and improve the basic economic system, establish a modern system of property rights, and see that a rule of law government is basically in place.It should be ensured that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and the government better plays its role, and work should be accelerated to create the systems, mechanisms, and growth model that will guide the new normal in economic development.We should work for significant progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative and for breakthroughs in our cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity.We should promote the optimization of imports and exports, significantly increase the proportion of trade in services, and promote China’s transformation from a trader of quantity to a trader of quality.We should put into force across the board the management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and progressively build a network of high-standard free trade areas.With these efforts, we should be able to usher in a new phase in building an open economy based on new systems.——持续增进民生福祉，使全体人民共享发展成果。坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，努力补齐基本民生保障的短板，朝着共同富裕方向稳步前进。坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战，我国现行标准下的农村贫困人口实现脱贫，贫困县全部摘帽，解决区域性整体贫困。建立国家基本公共服务项目清单。建立健全更加公平更可持续的社会保障制度。实施义务教育学校标准化、普及高中阶段教育、建设世界一流大学和一流学科等工程，劳动年龄人口平均受教育年限从10.23年提高到10.8年。实现城镇新增就业5000万人以上。完善收入分配制度，缩小收入差距，提高中等收入人口比重。完善住房保障体系，城镇棚户区住房改造2000万套。推进健康中国建设，人均预期寿命提高1岁。积极应对人口老龄化。构建现代公共文化服务体系，实施公民道德建设、中华文化传承等工程。我们既要让人民的物质生活更殷实，又要让人民的精神生活更丰富。

– We need to ensure that continuous progress is made in raising living standards, and see that everyone shares in the fruits of development.Guided by the vision of people-centered development, we need to continue to strengthen points of weakness in meeting basic needs for the people in order to achieve common prosperity.We need to fight hard to win the war against poverty and help lift out of poverty all rural residents falling below the current poverty line, and achieve poverty alleviation in all poor counties and areas.We should put in place a national catalogue of basic public services.We should establish more equitable and sustainable social security systems.We need to ensure that all schools providing compulsory education comply with educational standards, that everyone has access to secondary education, that China has more world-class universities and first-class fields of discipline, and that the average number of years of schooling received by the working-age population increases from 10.23 to 10.8 years.We need to create 50 million plus new urban jobs.We need to improve the income distribution system, reduce the income gap, and increase the proportion of the middle-income group in the whole populace.We should improve systems of government housing support, which should include the rebuilding of 20 million housing units in rundown urban areas.We need to work for progress in building a Healthy China and achieve a one-year increase in average life expectancy.We need to respond proactively to population aging.We should build a modern system of public cultural services and put into effect cultural programs to boost civic morality and keep Chinese culture thriving.These efforts should enable people not only to enjoy a better life in material terms, but also to live a more enriching intellectual and cultural life.做好“十三五”时期经济社会发展工作，实现全面建成小康社会目标，必须着力把握好三点。一是牢牢抓住发展第一要务不放松。发展是硬道理，是解决我国所有问题的关键。今后五年是跨越“中等收入陷阱”的重要阶段，各种矛盾和风险明显增多。发展如逆水行舟，不进则退。必须毫不动摇坚持以经济建设为中心，推动科学发展，妥善应对风险挑战，使中国经济这艘巨轮破浪远航。二是大力推进结构性改革。当前发展中总量问题与结构性问题并存，结构性问题更加突出，要用改革的办法推进结构调整。在适度扩大总需求的同时，突出抓好供给侧结构性改革，既做减法，又做加法，减少无效和低端供给，扩大有效和中高端供给，增加公共产品和公共服务供给，使供给和需求协同促进经济发展，提高全要素生产率，不断解放和发展社会生产力。三是加快新旧发展动能接续转换。经济发展必然会有新旧动能迭代更替的过程，当传统动能由强变弱时，需要新动能异军突起和传统动能转型，形成新的“双引擎”，才能推动经济持续增长、跃上新台阶。当前我国发展正处于这样一个关键时期，必须培育壮大新动能，加快发展新经济。要推动新技术、新产业、新业态加快成长，以体制机制创新促进分享经济发展，建设共享平台，做大高技术产业、现代服务业等新兴产业集群，打造动力强劲的新引擎。运用信息网络等现代技术，推动生产、管理和营销模式变革，重塑产业链、供应链、价值链，改造提升传统动能，使之焕发新的生机与活力。

To achieve success in our work to promote economic and social development during the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan and finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must keep to the following three guidelines:

First, give top priority to development

Development is of primary importance to China and is the key to solving every problem we face.During the next five years, we must take particular care to avoid falling into the “middle-income trap,” and we need to address an increasing number of problems and risks.Pursuing development is like sailing against the current: you either forge ahead or drift downstream.We must remain committed to economic development as our central task, endeavor to promote sound development, and respond effectively to risks and challenges so as to ensure that China’s economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance.Second, make major headway in carrying out structural reform

At present, we face problems both with aggregate supply and demand and with our structures.The structural problems are more acute, and reform should be conducted to adjust these structures.While working to achieve an appropriate expansion of aggregate demand, we need to give particular emphasis to structural reform on the supply side, reducing supply in some areas while increasing it in others.This means that we need to reduce ineffective and lower-end supply while increasing effective and medium-and high-end supply, increase the supply of public goods and services, ensure that development is driven by both supply and demand, and improve total-factor productivity.This should enable us to unleash and develop productive forces.Third, accelerate the shift in driving forces for development

In the course of economic development, it is only natural that old drivers of growth are replaced by new ones.As conventional driving forces weaken, it is critical that new driving forces emerge and that the conventional ones undergo a transformation so that new twin engines are formed;only then is it possible to upgrade the economy and achieve sustainable growth.This is the crucial period in which China currently finds itself, and during which we must build up powerful new drivers in order to accelerate the development of the new economy.We need to move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business, boost the development of a sharing economy through institutional innovations, create sharing platforms, and develop emerging industry clusters such as high-tech and modern service industry clusters, thus creating strong new engines.We will use network-based information technology and other modern technologies to drive changes in models of production, management, and marketing, create new industry chains, supply chains, and value chains, and transform and upgrade conventional drivers, thus injecting them with new vitality.从根本上说，发展的不竭力量蕴藏在人民群众之中。9亿多劳动力、1亿多受过高等教育和有专业技能的人才，是我们最大的资源和优势。实现新旧动能转换，推动发展转向更多依靠人力人才资源和创新，既是一个伴随阵痛的调整过程，也是一个充满希望的升级过程。只要闯过这个关口，中国经济就一定能够浴火重生、再创辉煌。

Ultimately, it is the people who are the inexhaustible source of power that drives development.A workforce of over 900 million, of whom over 100 million have received higher education or are professionally trained: this is our greatest resource and strength.Obviously, replacing old drivers of growth with new ones and achieving a shift in development toward greater reliance on human resources, human capital, and innovation is a process of painful adjustment.But it is at the same time an upgrading process with great promise.We just have to get through this process, and we can, without question, reinvigorate the economy and ensure its dynamic growth.展望今后五年，我们充满必胜信心。如期实现全面建成小康社会目标，人民生活将会更加美好，中国特色社会主义事业前景一定会更加光明！

Looking ahead to the next five years, we are fully confident that we will finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects within the set timeframe, that our people will enjoy better lives, and that there will be an even brighter future for the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.三、2016年重点工作

I now want to discuss the major areas of work for 2016.今年是全面建成小康社会决胜阶段的开局之年，也是推进结构性改革的攻坚之年。做好政府工作，必须高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中、五中全会精神，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻总书记系列重要讲话精神，按照“五位一体”总体布局和“四个全面”战略布局，坚持改革开放，坚持以新发展理念引领发展，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，适应经济发展新常态，实行宏观政策要稳、产业政策要准、微观政策要活、改革政策要实、社会政策要托底的总体思路，把握好稳增长与调结构的平衡，保持经济运行在合理区间，着力加强供给侧结构性改革，加快培育新的发展动能，改造提升传统比较优势，抓好去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板，加强民生保障，切实防控风险，努力实现“十三五”时期经济社会发展良好开局。

This is the first year of the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and a crucial year in carrying out structural reform.To ensure that the government’s goal for this year is accomplished, we must do the following:

– hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics;

– implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Congress of the CPC and the third, fourth, and fifth plenary sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee;

– follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development;

– put into practice the guiding principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping’s major policy addresses;

– work in accordance with the overall plan for promoting all-round economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy;*

Note:

* To make comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-conduct.– continue reform and opening up;

– follow the new vision of development;

– follow the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable;

– adapt to the new normal in economic development;

– follow the general guidelines that macro policies should be stable, industrial policies targeted, micro policies flexible, reform policies practical, and that social policies should ensure basic needs;

– maintain a balance between ensuring steady growth and making structural adjustments;

– ensure that the economy operates within an appropriate range;

– strengthen supply-side structural reform;

– accelerate the fostering of new driving forces for development;

– strengthen traditional comparative advantages;

– cut overcapacity and excess inventory, deleverage, reduce costs, and strengthen points of weakness;

– strengthen basic safeguards for public wellbeing;

– prevent and control risks.By working to achieve all of these, we should get off to a good start in economic and social development during the period covered by the 13th Five-Year Plan.今年发展的主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长6.5%－7%，居民消费价格涨幅3%左右，城镇新增就业1000万人以上，城镇登记失业率4.5%以内，进出口回稳向好，国际收支基本平衡，居民收入增长和经济增长基本同步。单位国内生产总值能耗下降3.4%以上，主要污染物排放继续减少。

The main development targets for 2016 are as follows:

– GDP growth of 6.5% to 7%;

– CPI increase kept at around 3%;

– creation of at least ten million new urban jobs;

– registered urban unemployment rate kept within 4.5%;

– a steady rise in import and export volumes;

– a basic balance in international payments;

– increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth;

– a reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP of at least 3.4%;

– further reductions in the release of major pollutants.经济增长预期目标6.5%－7%，考虑了与全面建成小康社会目标相衔接，考虑了推进结构性改革的需要，也有利于稳定和引导市场预期。稳增长主要是为了保就业、惠民生，有6.5%－7%的增速就能够实现比较充分的就业。

In setting a projected growth rate of between 6.5% and 7%, we have taken into consideration the need to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the need to advance structural reform.It will also help guide market expectations and keep them stable.The aim of maintaining stable growth is primarily to ensure employment and promote the people’s wellbeing, and a growth rate of between 6.5% and 7% will allow for relatively full employment.综合分析各方面情况，今年我国发展面临的困难更多更大、挑战更为严峻，我们要做打硬仗的充分准备。从国际看，世界经济深度调整、复苏乏力，国际贸易增长低迷，金融和大宗商品市场波动不定，地缘政治风险上升，外部环境的不稳定不确定因素增加，对我国发展的影响不可低估。从国内看，长期积累的矛盾和风险进一步显现，经济增速换挡、结构调整阵痛、新旧动能转换相互交织，经济下行压力加大。但困难和挑战并不可怕。中国的发展从来都是在应对挑战中前进的，没有过不去的坎。经过多年的快速发展，我国物质基础雄厚，经济韧性强、潜力足、回旋余地大，改革开放不断注入新动力，创新宏观调控积累了丰富经验。特别是我们有中国共产党的坚强领导和中国特色社会主义制度，中国人民勤劳智慧。只要我们万众一心，共克时艰，就一定能够实现全年经济社会发展目标。

A comprehensive analysis of all factors shows that China will face more and tougher problems and challenges in its development this year, so we must be fully prepared to fight a difficult battle.Internationally, the global economy is experiencing profound changes and struggling to recover;growth in trade is weak;there are fluctuations in the financial and commodity markets;geopolitical risks are rising;and there are increasing instabilities and uncertainties in China’s external environment.We should not underestimate the impact all of this will have on China’s development.Domestically, problems and risks that have been building up over the years are becoming more evident;the change of pace in economic growth, the difficulties associated with structural adjustments, and the transformation of the drivers of growth present interwoven problems;and downward pressure on the economy is growing.But we will not be daunted by these problems and challenges.China has from the start been developing while responding to challenges;there is no difficulty we cannot get beyond.Thanks to years of rapid development, China has laid a solid material foundation, and its economy is hugely resilient and has enormous potential and ample room for growth.At the same time, reform and opening up has been injecting new impetus into economic growth, and a wealth of experience has been gained in developing new ways of conducting macro regulation.In addition, we have the guidance of the CPC and the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and our people are talented and hardworking.As long as we work together as one to surmount all difficulties, we will definitely achieve the targets for economic and social development in 2016.今年要重点做好八个方面工作。

This year, we will carry out the following eight tasks:

（一）稳定和完善宏观经济政策，保持经济运行在合理区间。我们宏观调控还有创新手段和政策储备，既要立足当前、有针对性地出招，顶住经济下行压力，又要着眼长远、留有后手、谋势蓄势。继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，创新宏观调控方式，加强区间调控、定向调控、相机调控，统筹运用财政、货币政策和产业、投资、价格等政策工具，采取结构性改革尤其是供给侧结构性改革举措，为经济发展营造良好环境。

1.Improve and keep stable our macroeconomic policies to ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range

At present, we still have new instruments for macro regulation and a good reserve of policies at our disposal.On the one hand, we will focus on current realities and take targeted steps to withstand the downward pressure on the economy.On the other hand, we must have our long-term development goals in mind, keep some policy tools as options for later use, strategize our moves, and gather strength.We will continue to implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy, develop new approaches to macro regulation, strengthen range-based, targeted, and well-timed regulation, use fiscal and monetary policies and industry, investment, and pricing policy tools in a coordinated way, and implement structural reform, particularly supply-side structural reform, so as to create an enabling environment for economic development.积极的财政政策要加大力度。今年拟安排财政赤字2.18万亿元，比去年增加5600亿元，赤字率提高到3%。其中，中央财政赤字1.4万亿元，地方财政赤字7800亿元。安排地方专项债券4000亿元，继续发行地方政府置换债券。我国财政赤字率和政府负债率在世界主要经济体中相对较低，这样的安排是必要的、可行的，也是安全的。

– We will pursue a more proactive fiscal policy.The government deficit for 2016 is projected to be 2.18 trillion yuan, an increase of 560 billion yuan over last year, meaning the deficit-to-GDP ratio will rise to 3%.Of the deficit, 1.4 trillion yuan will be carried by the central government, and the remaining 780 billion yuan will be carried by local governments.Special bonds for local governments will total 400 billion yuan, and local government debt-converting bonds will continue to be issued.China’s deficit-to-GDP ratio and government debt ratio are lower than those of other major economies;such steps are necessary, feasible, and also safe.适度扩大财政赤字，主要用于减税降费，进一步减轻企业负担。今年将采取三项举措。一是全面实施营改增，从5月1日起，将试点范围扩大到建筑业、房地产业、金融业、生活服务业，并将所有企业新增不动产所含增值税纳入抵扣范围，确保所有行业税负只减不增。二是取消违规设立的政府性基金，停征和归并一批政府性基金，扩大水利建设基金等免征范围。三是将18项行政事业性收费的免征范围，从小微企业扩大到所有企业和个人。实施上述政策，今年将比改革前减轻企业和个人负担5000多亿元。同时，适当增加必要的财政支出和政府投资，加大对民生等薄弱环节的支持。创新财政支出方式，优化财政支出结构，该保的一定要保住，该减的一定要减下来。

The moderate increase in government deficit is projected primarily to cover tax and fee reductions for enterprises, a step that will further reduce their burdens.The following three measures will be adopted this year.First, business tax will be replaced with VAT in all sectors.Starting from May 1st, the scope of work to pilot this measure will be extended to the construction, real estate, financial, and consumer service industries, and VAT deductions will cover all new immovable property of enterprises to ensure that the tax burdens on all industries are reduced.Second, government-managed funds set up without authorization will be abolished;the collection of contributions to certain government-managed funds will be suspended, and some of these funds will be consolidated;and more enterprises will be exempted from contributing to water conservancy construction funds and other government-managed funds.Third, exemptions from 18 administrative charges which currently apply only to small and micro businesses will be expanded to include all enterprises and individuals.Through the above policies, the burdens on enterprises and individuals will be cut by more than 500 billion yuan this year.At the same time, we will increase government expenditures and investment as appropriate to work on living standards and other areas in need of strengthening.We will develop new ways for government funds to be spent and improve the government spending mix to ensure that all essential items receive sufficient funding, while non-essential items are cut.加快财税体制改革。推进中央与地方事权和支出责任划分改革，合理确定增值税中央和地方分享比例。把适合作为地方收入的税种下划给地方，在税政管理权限方面给地方适当放权。进一步压缩中央专项转移支付规模，今年一般性转移支付规模增长12.2%。全面推开资源税从价计征改革。依法实施税收征管。建立规范的地方政府举债融资机制，对财政实力强、债务风险较低的，按法定程序适当增加债务限额。各级政府要坚持过紧日子，把每一笔钱都花在明处、用在实处。

Fiscal and tax reforms will be stepped up.We will move forward with the reform of the way powers and expenditure responsibilities are shared between the central and local governments, ensuring that the proportion of VAT revenue received by the central and local governments is determined appropriately.Taxes suitable as sources of local government revenue will be handed over to local governments along with the corresponding administrative powers.Central government special transfer payments to local governments will be further reduced, while this year’s general transfer payments will be increased by 12.2%.We will extend ad valorem rates to all resource taxes.We will promote the law-based administration of tax collection.We will establish a well-regulated mechanism for local governments to secure financing through bond issuance and make moderate upward adjustments to debt ceilings for local governments with strong financial resources and low debt risks through statutory procedures.Governments at all levels must tighten their belts and spend every sum of money where it can be seen and where it’s most needed.稳健的货币政策要灵活适度。今年广义货币M2预期增长13%左右，社会融资规模余额增长13%左右。要统筹运用公开市场操作、利率、准备金率、再贷款等各类货币政策工具，保持流动性合理充裕，疏通传导机制，降低融资成本，加强对实体经济特别是小微企业、“三农”等支持。

– We will pursue prudent monetary policy that is flexible and appropriate.Both the M2 money supply and aggregate financing in the economy are forecasted to grow by around 13% in 2016.We will use a full range of monetary policy tools including open market operations, interest rates, required reserve ratios, and re-lending to maintain sufficient liquidity at a proper level, improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, and reduce financing costs.We will provide more support for the real economy, particularly for small and micro businesses as well as agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.深化金融体制改革。加快改革完善现代金融监管体制，提高金融服务实体经济效率，实现金融风险监管全覆盖。深化利率市场化改革。继续完善人民币汇率市场化形成机制，保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上基本稳定。深化国有商业银行和开发性、政策性金融机构改革，发展民营银行，启动投贷联动试点。推进股票、债券市场改革和法治化建设，促进多层次资本市场健康发展，提高直接融资比重。适时启动“深港通”。建立巨灾保险制度。规范发展互联网金融。大力发展普惠金融和绿色金融。加强全口径外债宏观审慎管理。扎紧制度笼子，整顿规范金融秩序，严厉打击金融诈骗、非法集资和证券期货领域的违法犯罪活动，坚决守住不发生系统性区域性风险的底线。

We will deepen reform of the financial sector.We will move faster in the reform to improve the modern financial regulatory system and ensure that the financial sector serves the real economy more efficiently and that regulation covers all financial risks.Interest rates will be further liberalized.Improvements will be made to the market-based mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate to ensure it remains generally stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will deepen reform of state-owned commercial banks as well as development and policy-backed financial institutions, develop private banks, and launch trials to allow commercial banks to participate in combined debt-equity investments into startups and small businesses.We will move forward with the reform of stock and bond markets and increase the level of rule of law in their development, promote the sound development of the multilevel capital market, and ensure that the proportion of direct financing is increased.The Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect will be launched at an appropriate time.A catastrophe insurance system will be established.We will work to see that Internet finance develops in line with regulations, and we will make a major push to develop inclusive and green finance.We will strengthen unified, macroprudential management of foreign debt.We will tighten institutional constraints, safeguard order in the financial sector, crack down on financial fraud, illegal fundraising, and unlawful and criminal activities in the securities and futures markets, and make sure that no systemic or regional financial risks arise.（二）加强供给侧结构性改革，增强持续增长动力。围绕解决重点领域的突出矛盾和问题，加快破除体制机制障碍，以供给侧结构性改革提高供给体系的质量和效率，进一步激发市场活力和社会创造力。

2.Strengthen supply-side structural reform to drive sustained growth

To solve acute problems in key areas, we must work faster to remove institutional obstacles and carry out supply-side structural reform to improve the quality and efficiency of the supply system, and further stimulate market vitality and the creativity of society.推动简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革向纵深发展。以敬民之心，行简政之道，切实转变政府职能、提高效能。继续大力削减行政审批事项，注重解决放权不同步、不协调、不到位问题，对下放的审批事项，要让地方能接得住、管得好。深化商事制度改革，开展证照分离试点。全面公布地方政府权力和责任清单，在部分地区试行市场准入负面清单制度。对行政事业性收费、政府定价或指导价经营服务性收费、政府性基金、国家职业资格，实行目录清单管理。加快建设统一开放、竞争有序的市场体系，打破地方保护。深化价格改革，加强价格监管。修改和废止有碍发展的行政法规和规范性文件。创新事中事后监管方式，全面推行“双随机、一公开”监管，随机抽取检查对象，随机选派执法检查人员，及时公布查处结果。推进综合行政执法改革，实施企业信用信息统一归集、依法公示、联合惩戒、社会监督。大力推行“互联网+政务服务”，实现部门间数据共享，让居民和企业少跑腿、好办事、不添堵。简除烦苛，禁察非法，使人民群众有更平等的机会和更大的创造空间。

– We will deepen reforms to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.With the people in mind, we will streamline administration, transform the functions of the government, and improve its performance.As we continue to cancel the requirement of government review for more matters, we will focus on addressing unsynchronized, uncoordinated, and incomplete delegation of powers and make sure that local governments to which powers of review have been delegated are able to properly exercise those powers.We will deepen reform of the business system and launch trials to separate operating permits and business licenses.We will release the lists of all powers and responsibilities of local governments, and begin piloting a negative list for market access in some regions.We will draw up lists and catalogues to manage administrative charges, business fees and charges set by the government or set under its guidance, government-managed funds, and professional qualifications recognized by the state.We will move faster to establish a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, and put an end to local protectionism.We will deepen pricing reform and tighten up supervision of prices.We will revise or abolish any administrative regulations and normative documents that are holding back development.We will develop new ways of conducting oversight over the whole process of business operations, and introduce across the board an oversight model drawing on random inspections by randomly selected law enforcement officers or inspectors and requiring the prompt release of results.We will implement the reform for coordinated administrative law enforcement and adopt a unified approach to gathering information on enterprise credit, release such information in accordance with the law, ensure joint punitive action is taken where necessary, and encourage public oversight.We will carry out the “Internet Plus government services” model and promote better information sharing between government departments, so that the public and businesses need to make fewer visits to government departments to get things done, find procedures simpler, and find the service satisfactory.We will cut red tape and root out illegalities to ensure that the people have more equal opportunities and greater space for creativity.充分释放全社会创业创新潜能。着力实施创新驱动发展战略，促进科技与经济深度融合，提高实体经济的整体素质和竞争力。一是强化企业创新主体地位。落实企业研发费用加计扣除和加速折旧政策，完善高新技术企业、科技企业孵化器等税收优惠政策。支持行业领军企业建设高水平研发机构。加快将国家自主创新示范区试点政策推广到全国，再建设一批国家自主创新示范区、高新区。二是发挥大众创业、万众创新和“互联网+”集众智汇众力的乘数效应。打造众创、众包、众扶、众筹平台，构建大中小企业、高校、科研机构、创客多方协同的新型创业创新机制。建设一批“双创”示范基地，培育创业创新服务业，规范发展天使、创业、产业等投资。支持分享经济发展，提高资源利用效率，让更多人参与进来、富裕起来。实施更积极、更开放、更有效的人才引进政策。加强知识产权保护和运用，依法严厉打击侵犯知识产权和制假售假行为。三是深化科技管理体制改革。扩大高校和科研院所自主权，砍掉科研管理中的繁文缛节。实施支持科技成果转移转化的政策措施，完善股权期权税收优惠政策和分红奖励办法，鼓励科研人员创业创新。大力弘扬创新文化，厚植创新沃土，营造敢为人先、宽容失败的良好氛围，充分激发企业家精神，调动全社会创业创新积极性，汇聚成推动发展的磅礴力量。

– We will ensure that the whole country’s potential for starting businesses and making innovations is released.We will implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, see that science and technology become more deeply embedded in the economy, and improve the overall quality and competitiveness of the real economy.First, we will ensure that enterprises lead in making innovations.We will implement additional tax deductions for their research and development, accelerate the depreciation of their fixed assets, and increase tax policy support for high-tech enterprises and science and technology business incubators.We will support leading enterprises in building top-level research and development institutions.We will move faster to achieve nationwide implementation of the policy of national innovation demonstration zones, and establish another set of national innovation demonstration zones and high-tech development zones.Second, we will help people to pool their ideas and talents through a synergy of business startups, innovation, and the Internet Plus.Platforms will be created for crowd innovation, crowd support, crowdsourcing, and crowdfunding, and mechanisms will be built to encourage new types of business startups and innovation-making through cooperation between enterprises, institutions of higher learning, research institutes, and makers.We will establish demonstration centers for business startups and innovation, foster a business startup and innovation service industry, and ensure angel investment, venture capital, industrial investment, and other investment develop in accordance with regulations.We will give our support to the development of a sharing economy and see that resources are used more efficiently and that more people take part and benefit.We will adopt more active, open, and effective policies to attract talent from overseas.We will strengthen the protection and use of intellectual property rights and look to the law to crack down on the infringement of these rights and on the production and sale of counterfeit products.Third, we will deepen the reform of the management system for science and technology.Greater autonomy will be given to universities and research institutes, and red tape will be cut in the management of research projects.Policies and measures will be implemented to support the transfer and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements, and tax incentives for stocks and options, and profit sharing and bonus plans will be improved to encourage researchers to start businesses and make innovations.We will foster a culture of innovation and create an enabling environment for innovation in which people venture to break new ground and failure is tolerated.I am sure that these initiatives will inspire entrepreneurialism and motivate our society to start businesses and make innovations, and thus create a powerful force to drive development.着力化解过剩产能和降本增效。重点抓好钢铁、煤炭等困难行业去产能，坚持市场倒逼、企业主体、地方组织、中央支持，运用经济、法律、技术、环保、质量、安全等手段，严格控制新增产能，坚决淘汰落后产能，有序退出过剩产能。采取兼并重组、债务重组或破产清算等措施，积极稳妥处置“僵尸企业”。完善财政、金融等支持政策，中央财政安排1000亿元专项奖补资金，重点用于职工分流安置。采取综合措施，降低企业交易、物流、财务、用能等成本，坚决遏制涉企乱收费，对违规行为要严肃查处。

– We will ensure that overcapacity is cut, costs are lowered, and business performance is improved.We will focus on addressing the overcapacity in the steel, coal, and other industries facing difficulties.In this process, the market should serve as a check, enterprises should be the major actors, local governments should play a coordinating role, and the central government should provide support.We will use economic, legal, technological, environmental, quality inspection, and safety-related means to strictly control the expansion of production capacity, shut down outdated production facilities, and eliminate overcapacity in a planned way.We will address the issue of “zombie enterprises” proactively yet prudently by using measures such as mergers, reorganizations, debt restructurings, and bankruptcy liquidations.Fiscal, financial, and other policies will be improved to support this work.One hundred billion yuan in rewards and subsidies will be provided by the central government, which will be mainly used to resettle employees laid off from these enterprises.We will take a full range of measures to reduce the transaction, logistics, financial, and energy consumption costs of enterprises, and work to put a stop to the collection of arbitrary and unwarranted fees from enterprises and be strict about investigating and punishing violations of regulations.努力改善产品和服务供给。突出抓好三个方面。一是提升消费品品质。加快质量安全标准与国际标准接轨，建立商品质量惩罚性赔偿制度。鼓励企业开展个性化定制、柔性化生产，培育精益求精的工匠精神，增品种、提品质、创品牌。二是促进制造业升级。深入推进“中国制造+互联网”，建设若干国家级制造业创新平台，实施一批智能制造示范项目，启动工业强基、绿色制造、高端装备等重大工程，组织实施重大技术改造升级工程。三是加快现代服务业发展。启动新一轮国家服务业综合改革试点，实施高技术服务业创新工程，大力发展数字创意产业。放宽市场准入，提高生产性服务业专业化、生活性服务业精细化水平。建设一批光网城市，推进5万个行政村通光纤，让更多城乡居民享受数字化生活。

– We will work to ensure the supply of goods and services is improved.We will concentrate our efforts on the following three areas:

First, we will see that the quality of consumer goods is improved.We will move faster to bring domestic quality and safety standards in line with international standards, and establish a system for making producers pay punitive compensation for failing to meet product quality standards.We will also encourage enterprises to use flexible and custom-tailored production processes and foster a craftsmanship spirit of striving for the best, so that more types of products, products of a higher quality, and brand products will be made.Second, we will work to upgrade manufacturing.We will intensify efforts to promote the integrated development of Made in China 2025 and the Internet Plus action plan;build national platforms for innovation in manufacturing;carry out demonstration programs in smart manufacturing;launch projects to build a more solid foundation for industry development, promote green manufacturing, and develop high-end equipment;and carry out major technological transformation and upgrading initiatives.Third, we will accelerate the development of the modern service sector.We will launch a new round of national pilot projects for all-round service sector reform as well as projects to promote innovation in high-tech services, and channel great efforts into developing the digital creative industries.We will relax restrictions on market access to the service sector, and ensure greater specialization in producer services and higher refinement in consumer services.Fiber-optic networks will be developed in a number of cities and 50,000 administrative villages will be linked up to fiber-optic networks, thus enabling more urban and rural residents to enjoy a more digital way of life.大力推进国有企业改革。今明两年，要以改革促发展，坚决打好国有企业提质增效攻坚战。推动国有企业特别是中央企业结构调整，创新发展一批，重组整合一批，清理退出一批。推进股权多元化改革，开展落实企业董事会职权、市场化选聘经营者、职业经理人制度、混合所有制、员工持股等试点。深化企业用人制度改革，探索建立与市场化选任方式相适应的高层次人才和企业经营管理者薪酬制度。加快改组组建国有资本投资、运营公司。以管资本为主推进国有资产监管机构职能转变，防止国有资产流失，实现国有资产保值增值。赋予地方更多国有企业改革自主权。加快剥离国有企业办社会职能，解决历史遗留问题，让国有企业瘦身健体，增强核心竞争力。

– We will push for progress in SOE reform.This year and next, we will use reform to promote the development of SOEs and push hard to ensure success in upgrading them and improving their performance.We will prompt SOEs, especially those managed by the central government, to make structural adjustments so that some will be developed through innovation, others will be reorganized or merged, and still others will exit the market.We will carry out reforms to diversify their types of equity and introduce on a trial basis the assumption of powers and responsibilities by corporate boards of directors, competitive open selection and recruitment of executives, recruitment of professional managers, mixed ownership, and employee equity stakes.We will deepen the reform of the enterprise personnel management system and explore the possibility of establishing remuneration systems for senior ranking personnel and corporate executives that are compatible with competitive selection and recruitment.We will work faster to establish state capital investment and management companies through reorganization.To prevent the loss of state assets and ensure their value is maintained or increased, we will encourage state-owned asset supervisory and management authorities to shift their focus to the use of state capital.Local governments will be granted more power over SOE reform.We will move more quickly to relieve SOEs of their obligations to operate social programs and resolve their other longstanding issues, enabling them to become leaner and healthier and to increase their core competitiveness.更好激发非公有制经济活力。大幅放宽电力、电信、交通、石油、天然气、市政公用等领域市场准入，消除各种隐性壁垒，鼓励民营企业扩大投资、参与国有企业改革。在项目核准、融资服务、财税政策、土地使用等方面一视同仁。依法平等保护各种所有制经济产权，严肃查处侵犯非公有制企业及非公有制经济人士合法权益的行为，营造公平、公正、透明、稳定的法治环境，构建新型政商关系，促进各类企业各展其长、共同发展。

– We will energize the non-public sector.We will significantly relax restrictions on entry into markets such as electricity, telecommunications, transport, petroleum, natural gas, and municipal public utilities, remove hidden barriers, and encourage private companies to increase investment in these areas and participate in SOE reform.In these fields, private companies will enjoy the same treatment afforded to SOEs in terms of project verification and approval, financing, fiscal and tax policies, and land availability.We will, in accordance with the law, provide equal protection to the property rights of entities under all forms of ownership;and we will ensure that, without fail, infringements on the legitimate rights and interests of non-public sector enterprises and individuals are investigated and prosecuted.We will create a rule of law environment that is fair, just, transparent, and stable and establish new government-business relations to help all types of enterprises develop side by side based on their own respective strengths.（三）深挖国内需求潜力，开拓发展更大空间。适度扩大需求总量，积极调整改革需求结构，促进供给需求有效对接、投资消费有机结合、城乡区域协调发展，形成对经济发展稳定而持久的内需支撑。

3.Tap the potential of domestic demand to increase the space for development

We will work to achieve a moderate expansion of aggregate demand, adjust and reform the composition of demand, strive for better alignment between supply and demand and between investment and consumption, and work to achieve greater balance in the development of urban and rural areas and of different regions.This will create steady and long-term domestic demand to sustain economic development.增强消费拉动经济增长的基础作用。适应消费升级趋势，破除政策障碍，优化消费环境，维护消费者权益。支持发展养老、健康、家政、教育培训、文化体育等服务消费。壮大网络信息、智能家居、个性时尚等新兴消费。促进线上线下协调互动、平等竞争，推动实体商业创新转型。完善物流配送网络，促进快递业健康发展。活跃二手车市场，大力发展和推广以电动汽车为主的新能源汽车，加快建设城市停车场和充电设施。在全国开展消费金融公司试点，鼓励金融机构创新消费信贷产品。降低部分消费品进口关税，增设免税店。落实带薪休假制度，加强旅游交通、景区景点、自驾车营地等设施建设，规范旅游市场秩序，迎接正在兴起的大众旅游时代。

– We will strengthen the foundational role of consumption in promoting economic growth.To adapt to the trend toward high-end consumption, we will remove policy barriers, improve the consumer environment, and safeguard the rights and interests of consumers.We will support the growth of consumption in elderly care, health services, housekeeping services, educational and training services, and cultural and sports services.We will work to strengthen the growth of emerging areas of consumption such as information goods and services, smart homes, and personalized fashion.We will promote coordination, interaction, and fair competition between the online and the offline and encourage physical stores to transform themselves through innovation.We will help ensure the improvement of logistics networks and the healthy development of express delivery services.We will work to stimulate the second-hand car market, channel great effort into developing and promoting the use of new-energy vehicles, particularly electric vehicles, and move faster to build urban car parks and install charging facilities.We will carry out nationwide trials to set up consumer financing companies and encourage financial institutions to develop new consumer credit products.We will cut import tariffs on some consumer goods and increase the number of duty-free stores.We will ensure people are able to take their paid vacations, strengthen the development of tourist and transport facilities, scenic spots and tourist sites, and recreational vehicle parks, and see that the tourist market operates in line with regulations.With these efforts, we will usher in a new era of mass tourism.发挥有效投资对稳增长调结构的关键作用。我国基础设施和民生领域有许多短板，产业亟需改造升级，有效投资仍有很大空间。今年要启动一批“十三五”规划重大项目。完成铁路投资8000亿元以上、公路投资1.65万亿元，再开工20项重大水利工程，建设水电核电、特高压输电、智能电网、油气管网、城市轨道交通等重大项目。中央预算内投资安排5000亿元。深化投融资体制改革，继续以市场化方式筹集专项建设基金，推动地方融资平台转型改制进行市场化融资，探索基础设施等资产证券化，扩大债券融资规模。完善政府和社会资本合作模式，用好1800亿元引导基金，依法严格履行合同，充分激发社会资本参与热情。

– We will see that effective investment plays a key role in maintaining stable growth and making structural adjustments.The many weak areas in infrastructure and public services in China and the urgent need for industry upgrading leave vast scope for growth in effective investment.This year, we will launch a number of projects set forth in the 13th Five-Year Plan.More than 800 billion yuan will be invested in railway construction, and investment in road construction will reach 1.65 trillion yuan.A further 20 water conservancy projects will be carried out, and major projects will be launched to develop hydropower, nuclear power, ultra high-voltage power transmission, smart grids, pipelines for oil and gas transmission, and urban rail transit.Central government budgetary investment will be 500 billion yuan.We will deepen the reform of the investment and financing systems.Funds for specific projects will continue to be raised through market-based mechanisms.Local financing platforms will be required to transform themselves and shift toward market-based financing, the securitization of tangible assets such as infrastructure will be explored, and debt financing will be increased.We will improve the public-private partnership model, make good use of the 180 billion yuan in seed funds, and strictly honor contracts in accordance with the law, so as to bring the enthusiasm of private investors to the table.深入推进新型城镇化。城镇化是现代化的必由之路，是我国最大的内需潜力和发展动能所在。今年重点抓好三项工作。一是加快农业转移人口市民化。深化户籍制度改革，放宽城镇落户条件，建立健全“人地钱”挂钩政策。扩大新型城镇化综合试点范围。居住证具有很高的含金量，要加快覆盖未落户的城镇常住人口，使他们依法享有居住地义务教育、就业、医疗等基本公共服务。发展中西部地区中小城市和小城镇，容纳更多的农民工就近就业创业，让他们挣钱顾家两不误。二是推进城镇保障性安居工程建设和房地产市场健康发展。今年棚户区住房改造600万套，提高棚改货币化安置比例。完善支持居民住房合理消费的税收、信贷政策，适应住房刚性需求和改善性需求，因城施策化解房地产库存，促进房地产市场平稳运行。建立租购并举的住房制度，把符合条件的外来人口逐步纳入公租房供应范围。三是加强城市规划建设管理。增强城市规划的科学性、前瞻性、权威性、公开性，促进“多规合一”。开工建设城市地下综合管廊2000公里以上。积极推广绿色建筑和建材，大力发展钢结构和装配式建筑，加快标准化建设，提高建筑技术水平和工程质量。推进城市管理体制创新，打造智慧城市，完善公共交通网络，治理交通拥堵等突出问题，改善人居环境，使人民群众生活得更安心、更省心、更舒心。

– We will advance new urbanization.Urbanization is the path we need to take to develop a modern China.It is where we will find the greatest potential for domestic demand and the most powerful force for sustaining economic development.This year, we will take the following three major steps regarding urbanization.First, we will move faster to see that urban residency is granted to more people with rural household registration living in urban areas.We will deepen reform of the household registration system and relax restrictions on eligibility for urban residency.We will introduce policies for making both the transfer payments and the land designated for urban development granted to the government of a local jurisdiction conditional upon the number of people with rural household registration who are granted permanent urban residency in that jurisdiction.The full range of trials for developing new urbanization will be extended to more areas.Residence cards are important assets for their holders.We must move faster to ensure that permanent urban residents without urban residency are issued residence cards, thus enabling them to enjoy, as provided for by law, the right to access compulsory education, employment, medical care, and other basic public services.We will promote the development of small towns and small and medium-sized cities in the central and western regions to help more rural migrant workers find employment or start businesses in urban areas closer to home so that they do not have to choose between earning money and taking care of the families they leave behind.Second, we will promote the construction of government-subsidized housing in urban areas and the healthy development of the real estate market.This year, we will see to it that six million housing units are rebuilt in rundown urban areas and that more people displaced by the rebuilding of such areas receive monetary housing compensation rather than housing.Taking into consideration people’s demand for buying homes or improving their housing situation, we will improve the tax and credit policies to support justified personal housing consumption and adopt different policies in different cities as appropriate to their local conditions, in order to cut housing inventory and promote stability in the real estate market.We will put in place a housing system which encourages both renting and purchasing and, over time, enable eligible non-registered urban residents to apply for public rental housing.Third, we will redouble our efforts to improve urban planning, development, and management.We will make urban planning more sound, forward-looking, authoritative, and transparent and encourage local governments to integrate their various types of urban plans into a single master plan.Construction will begin on at least 2,000 kilometers of utility tunnels.We will actively promote environmentally friendly buildings and construction materials, make a big push to develop steel understructures and prefabricated modules, accelerate work to ensure adherence to construction standards, and see that the level of technique in building and the quality of construction projects are improved.We will encourage institutional innovation in urban management, work hard to create smart cities, improve public transport networks, address traffic congestion and other prominent problems, and improve living environments so that people can enjoy a more secure, relaxing, and satisfying city life.优化区域发展格局。深入推进“一带一路”建设，落实京津冀协同发展规划纲要，加快长江经济带发展。制定实施西部大开发“十三五”规划，实施新一轮东北地区等老工业基地振兴战略，出台促进中部地区崛起新十年规划，支持东部地区在体制创新、陆海统筹等方面率先突破。促进资源型地区经济转型升级。支持革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区发展。制定和实施国家海洋战略，维护国家海洋权益，保护海洋生态环境，拓展蓝色经济空间，建设海洋强国。

– We will work to improve the layout of development across regions.We will push ahead with the Belt and Road Initiative, carry out the development plan for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and speed up the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt.We will draw up and implement the 13th Five-Year Plan for the large-scale development of the western region, implement a new round of strategies for revitalizing the old industrial bases in the Northeast and other parts of the country, adopt the new ten-year plan for fuelling the rise of the central region, and support the eastern region as it leads the country in making breakthroughs in institutional innovation and coordinated land and maritime development.We will promote the economic transformation and upgrading of resource-dependent regions.We will support the development of old revolutionary base areas, areas with concentrations of ethnic minorities, border areas, and poor areas.We will work out and implement a national maritime strategy, safeguard national maritime rights and interests, protect marine ecosystems and habitats, and open up more space for the blue economy so as to strengthen China’s maritime development.（四）加快发展现代农业，促进农民持续增收。继续毫不放松抓好“三农”工作，完善强农惠农富农政策，深化农村改革，拓展农民就业增收渠道，着力提高农业质量、效益和竞争力。

4.Speed up efforts to develop modern agriculture and ensure sustained increases in rural incomes

We will, with as much care and attention as ever, continue focusing on our work related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.We will strengthen policy support for these areas, deepen rural reform, expand the channels through which farmers can find employment and increase their income, and work to ensure that the quality, performance, and competitiveness of agriculture improve.加快农业结构调整。粮食连续增产，为稳定物价、改善民生提供了有力保障，但也面临库存大幅增加、市场价格下跌等问题。要完善农产品价格形成机制，引导农民适应市场需求调整种养结构，适当调减玉米种植面积。按照“市场定价、价补分离”原则，积极稳妥推进玉米收储制度改革，保障农民合理收益。要多措并举消化粮食库存，大力支持农产品精深加工，发展畜牧业，延伸农业产业链条；制定新一轮退耕还林还草方案，今年退耕还林还草1500万亩以上，这件事一举多得，务必抓好。积极发展多种形式农业适度规模经营，完善对家庭农场、专业大户、农民合作社等新型经营主体的扶持政策，培养新型职业农民，鼓励农户依法自愿有偿流转承包地，开展土地股份合作、联合或土地托管。深化农村集体产权、农垦、集体林权、国有林场、农田水利、供销社等改革。

– We will speed up structural adjustment in agriculture.The output of food crops has continued to rise in recent years.This has helped to keep prices stable and ensure people’s wellbeing, but it has also resulted in a buildup of excess stockpiles and falling market prices.To resolve this problem, we will improve the pricing mechanisms for agricultural products, while guiding farmers in adjusting what and how much they grow and breed in response to market demand and in making appropriate reductions to the amount of cultivated land devoted to growing corn.Following the principle of letting the market determine prices and delinking subsidies from prices, we will reform in an active yet prudent way the system of corn purchase and storage to ensure reasonable returns for corn-growing farmers.We will adopt a full range of measures to reduce excess stockpiles of food, provide strong support for the processing of agricultural products to increase their value, develop the livestock industry, and extend the agricultural production chain.We will formulate a plan for a new round of initiatives to turn marginal farmland into forest or grassland, with the target for this year being more than one million hectares.There is much to be gained in this, and it must be carried out to full effect.We will promote the development of suitably scaled-up agricultural operations in diversified forms;improve policy support for family farms, large and specialized agricultural family operations, farming cooperatives, and other emerging forms of agribusiness;and cultivate a new type of skilled farmer.We will encourage farmers, on a voluntary basis and in accordance with relevant laws, to transfer the land they contract to work on in return for compensation, enter into cooperation or association based on land as shares, or place their land under trusteeship.We will deepen the reform of the rural collective property rights system, state farms on reclaimed land, collective forest tenure, state forestry farms, farmland irrigation and water conservancy, and rural supply and marketing cooperatives.强化农业基础支撑。全面完成永久基本农田划定并实行特殊保护，加强高标准农田建设，增加深松土地1.5亿亩，新增高效节水灌溉面积2000万亩。探索耕地轮作休耕制度试点。加强农业科技创新与推广，深入开展粮食绿色高产高效创建，实施化肥农药零增长行动。保障财政对农业投入，建立全国农业信贷担保体系，完善农业保险制度和农村金融服务，引导带动更多资金投向现代农业建设。

– The foundation of agriculture will be strengthened.We will complete our work nationwide on designating permanent basic cropland and provide special protection for such cropland, promote the development of high-standard cropland, improve the subsoil of an additional ten million hectares of cropland, and increase the area of cropland covered by efficient water-saving irrigation by 1.33 million hectares.We will explore trials of crop rotation and fallow land.We will promote the innovation and application of agricultural science and technology.We will promote green, high-yield, and cost efficient food crop production and achieve zero growth in the use of chemical fertilizers and insecticides.In fiscal allocations, investment in agriculture will be ensured, a national agricultural credit guaranty system will be established, the agricultural insurance system and rural financial services will be improved, and more investment in agricultural modernization will be encouraged.改善农村公共设施和服务。加大农村基础设施建设力度，新建改建农村公路20万公里，具备条件的乡镇和建制村要加快通硬化路、通客车。抓紧新一轮农村电网改造升级，两年内实现农村稳定可靠供电服务和平原地区机井通电全覆盖。实施饮水安全巩固提升工程。推动电子商务进农村。开展农村人居环境整治，建设美丽宜居乡村。

– We will improve public services and facilities in rural areas.We will step up the development of rural infrastructure.An additional 200,000 kilometers of rural roads will be built or upgraded.In towns, townships, and incorporated villages, where conditions allow, efforts should be stepped up to build paved roads and provide access to bus services.We will act promptly to launch a new round of efforts to upgrade rural power grids, and our goal is to ensure a stable and reliable supply of power to all rural areas and all electric pump sets on rural flatlands within the next two years.We will build on past progress to make further advances in providing access to safe drinking water.We will encourage the introduction of e-commerce into rural areas.We will work hard to improve rural living environments, building an even more livable and beautiful countryside.实施脱贫攻坚工程。今年要完成1000万以上农村贫困人口脱贫任务，其中易地搬迁脱贫200万人以上，继续推进贫困农户危房改造。中央财政扶贫资金增长43.4%。在贫困县推进涉农资金整合。坚持精准扶贫脱贫，因人因地施策。大力培育特色产业，支持就业创业。解决好通路、通水、通电、通网络等问题，增强集中连片特困地区和贫困人口发展能力。国家各项惠民政策和民生项目，要向贫困地区倾斜。深入开展定点扶贫、东西协作扶贫，支持社会力量参与脱贫攻坚。扶贫脱贫是硬任务，各级政府已经立下军令状，必须按时保质保量完成。

– We will combat poverty.This year, we will help more than ten million rural residents lift themselves out of poverty, including over two million poor residents who are to be relocated from inhospitable areas, and continue to rebuild the dilapidated housing of poor rural households.Central government funds for poverty alleviation efforts will be increased by 43.4%.In poor counties, various funds for rural development will be integrated.We will take targeted measures to alleviate and eliminate poverty in light of local conditions.We will channel significant energy into cultivating business operations with distinctive local features in support of employment and business development.We will construct infrastructure such as roads, water and power supply, and Internet access, and work to strengthen the ability of contiguous poor areas and persons in need to achieve development.National programs aimed at providing people with policy support and promoting people’s wellbeing will be weighted toward poor areas.We will give stronger support to targeted poor areas, encourage the eastern region to help in the alleviation of poverty in the western region, and support nongovernmental participation in combatting poverty.Poverty reduction is a must, governments at all levels have made the pledge, and it must be accomplished both qualitatively and quantitatively within the timeframe set.（五）推进新一轮高水平对外开放，着力实现合作共赢。面对国际经济合作和竞争格局的深刻变化，顺应国内经济提质增效升级的迫切需要，要坚定不移扩大对外开放，在开放中增强发展新动能、增添改革新动力、增创竞争新优势。

5.Carry out a new round of high-quality opening up and work to achieve mutually beneficial cooperation

In the face of profound changes in international economic cooperation and competition, and in response to the urgent need to improve the performance of and upgrade China’s economy, we must open wider to the outside world with unwavering resolve.By doing so, we can strengthen new drivers of development, add new forces to propel reform forward, and create new competitive strengths for China.扎实推进“一带一路”建设。统筹国内区域开发开放与国际经济合作，共同打造陆上经济走廊和海上合作支点，推动互联互通、经贸合作、人文交流。构建沿线大通关合作机制，建设国际物流大通道。推进边境经济合作区、跨境经济合作区、境外经贸合作区建设。坚持共商共建共享，使“一带一路”成为和平友谊纽带、共同繁荣之路。

– We will work to secure solid progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative.We will promote domestic regional development and opening up and international economic cooperation in a coordinated way, work with other countries and regions to build overland economic corridors and maritime cooperation hubs, and promote connectivity, economic and trade cooperation, and cultural exchange.We will work to develop cooperative mechanisms for achieving compatibility in customs clearance procedures along the routes and build international logistics networks.We will promote the development of border economic cooperation zones, cross-border economic cooperation zones, and overseas economic and trade cooperation zones.With a commitment to achieving common development and shared growth through joint consultation, we will ensure that the Belt and Road Initiativecreates bonds of peace, friendship, and common prosperity.扩大国际产能合作。坚持企业为主、政府推动、市场化运作，实施一批重大示范项目。落实和完善财税金融支持政策，设立人民币海外合作基金，用好双边产能合作基金。推动装备、技术、标准、服务走出去，打造中国制造金字品牌。

– We will work to achieve greater industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries.We will launch demonstration projects in accordance with the principle that enterprises should be the main actors, that government should provide support, and that operations should be market based.We will improve and implement related supporting fiscal, tax, and financial policies, establish an RMB overseas cooperation fund and make good use of bilateral industrial-capacity cooperation funds.We will promote greater use of Chinese equipment, technology, standards, and services in the international market, and help Chinese manufacturing brands gain international recognition.促进外贸创新发展。面对外需持续低迷的严峻形势，要多措并举，遏制进出口下滑势头。一要加快落实和完善政策。优化出口退税率结构，确保及时足额退税，严厉打击骗取退税。增加短期出口信用保险规模，实现成套设备出口融资保险应保尽保。二要鼓励商业模式创新。扩大跨境电子商务试点，支持企业建设一批出口产品“海外仓”，促进外贸综合服务企业发展。三要优化贸易结构。开展服务贸易创新发展试点，增加服务外包示范城市，加快发展文化对外贸易。进一步整合优化海关特殊监管区域，促进加工贸易向中西部地区转移、向产业链中高端延伸。四要推进贸易便利化。全面推广国际贸易“单一窗口”。降低出口商品查验率。五要实施更加积极的进口政策。扩大先进技术设备、关键零部件及紧缺能源原材料进口。

– We will develop innovative ways to promote foreign trade.Faced with continuously weak foreign demand, we need to take a combination of measures to stop the decline in imports and exports.First, we will move faster to improve and implement policies.We will improve the structure of export tax rebate rates, ensure rebates are paid promptly and in full, and crack down on fraudulent claims.We will increase short-term export-credit insurance and provide export financing insurance for all insurable complete sets of equipment.Second, we will encourage innovative business models.We will expand trials in cross-border e-commerce, support enterprises in developing overseas warehouses for export products, and promote the development of enterprises that provide comprehensive foreign trade services.Third, we will improve the trade mix.We will launch trials to create innovative ways of developing trade in services, see that more cities become trendsetters in providing foreign outsourced services, and accelerate the development of foreign trade in cultural goods and services.We will further integrate and improve special customs regulation zones, and encourage processing trade to move to the central and western regions and extend to the medium-high end of the industrial chain.Fourth, we will further facilitate trade.We will see that the single window system is implemented for international trade nationwide.We will reduce the frequency of inspections for exports.Fifth, we will adopt a more proactive import policy.We will increase the import of advanced technology and equipment, key spare parts and components, and energy and raw materials in short supply in China.提高利用外资水平。继续放宽投资准入，扩大服务业和一般制造业开放，简化外商投资企业设立程序，加大招商引资力度。创新内陆和沿边开放模式，打造新的外向型产业集群，引导外资更多投向中西部地区。扩大自贸试验区试点。创新开发区体制机制。我们将营造更加公平、更为透明、更可预期的投资环境，中国要始终成为富有吸引力的外商投资热土。

– We will work to make better use of overseas investment.We will continue to relax market access restrictions on investment, further open the service sector and the general manufacturing sector, simplify procedures for establishing companies with overseas investment, and step up efforts to attract more investment.We will create new models of opening up for inland and border areas, develop new overseas-oriented industrial clusters, and encourage more overseas investment in the central and western regions.Pilot free trade zones will be established in more parts of the country.We will improve the systems and mechanisms for governing development zones.With these efforts, China’s investment environment will become even more fair, transparent, and predictable, and China will be able to maintain strong appeal and serve as a favorite destination for overseas investment.加快实施自由贸易区战略。积极商签区域全面经济伙伴关系协定，加快中日韩自贸区等谈判，推进中美、中欧投资协定谈判，加强亚太自贸区联合战略研究。我们愿与各方一道，推进贸易投资自由化，共同构建均衡、共赢、包容的国际经贸体系。

– We will accelerate implementation of the free trade zone strategy.We wish to actively negotiate and sign the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement.We will help speed up negotiations on the establishment of the China-Japan-RoK free trade area.We will work to make progress in negotiations on investment agreements between China and the United States and between China and the European Union.We will help strengthen collective strategic research on the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific.China wishes to work with all interested parties to move ahead with trade and investment liberalization and establish an international economic and trade system that is balanced, inclusive, and beneficial for all.（六）加大环境治理力度，推动绿色发展取得新突破。治理污染、保护环境，事关人民群众健康和可持续发展，必须强力推进，下决心走出一条经济发展与环境改善双赢之路。

6.Step up environmental governance efforts and work to see breakthroughs in green development

Pollution control and environmental protection are important to both the health of our people and sustainable development, so we must work hard moving forward and resolve to take a path that leads to both economic development and environmental improvement.重拳治理大气雾霾和水污染。今年化学需氧量、氨氮排放量要分别下降2%，二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量分别下降3%，重点地区细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度继续下降。着力抓好减少燃煤排放和机动车排放。加强煤炭清洁高效利用，减少散煤使用，推进以电代煤、以气代煤。全面实施燃煤电厂超低排放和节能改造。加快淘汰不符合强制性标准的燃煤锅炉。增加天然气供应，完善风能、太阳能、生物质能等发展扶持政策，提高清洁能源比重。鼓励秸秆资源化综合利用，限制直接焚烧。全面推广车用燃油国五标准，淘汰黄标车和老旧车380万辆。在重点区域实行大气污染联防联控。全面推进城镇污水处理设施建设与改造，加强农业面源污染和流域水环境综合治理。加大工业污染源治理力度，对排污企业全面实行在线监测。强化环境保护督察，做到奖惩分明。新修订的环境保护法必须严格执行，对超排偷排者必须依法严厉打击，对姑息纵容者必须依法严肃追究。

– We will take strong measures against air and water pollution.This year, we will ensure that chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions are both reduced by 2%, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions are cut by 3%, and the density of fine particulate matter(PM2.5)in key areas continues to fall.We will focus on promoting the reduction of emissions from the burning of coal and motor vehicles.We will work to promote cleaner and more efficient use of coal, ensure there is less use of untreated coal, and do more to see coal substituted with electricity and natural gas.We will upgrade coal-burning power plants nationwide to achieve ultra-low emissions and energy efficiency, and we will move faster to shut down coal-fired boilers that do not meet compulsory standards.We will increase natural gas supply, improve policy support for the development of wind, solar, and biomass energy, and increase the proportion of clean energy in total energy consumption.We will encourage a whole range of forms of straw utilization and restrict open burning.We will push for the use of automobile gasoline and diesel fuel that meet National-V standards nationwide and see that 3.8 million old or high-emission vehicles are taken off the roads.We will coordinate efforts to prevent and control air pollution in regions where it presents a problem.We will press ahead with the nationwide development and upgrading of urban sewage treatment facilities, and strengthen comprehensive efforts aimed at controlling agricultural pollution from non-point sources and at improving the water environment in river basin areas.We will step up efforts to deal with industrial pollution at the source and conduct online monitoring of all polluting enterprises.We will strengthen environmental inspection and reward and punish as appropriate.We must ensure that the newly revised Environmental Protection Law is strictly enforced, that those who emit pollutants beyond the limit allowed by their permit or without a permit are severely punished as stipulated by law, and that those who knowingly allow such violations are held to account in accordance with the law.大力发展节能环保产业。扩大绿色环保标准覆盖面。完善扶持政策，支持推广节能环保先进技术装备，广泛开展合同能源管理和环境污染第三方治理，加大建筑节能改造力度，加快传统制造业绿色改造。开展全民节能、节水行动，推进垃圾分类处理，健全再生资源回收利用网络，把节能环保产业培育成我国发展的一大支柱产业。

– We will work to develop the energy conservation and environmental protection industries.We will ensure that environmental standards are applied in more areas.We will improve policy support to encourage the use of energy-saving and environmentally friendly advanced technologies and equipment, promote on a large scale contracted energy management and third-party treatment of environmental pollution, and work to see that energy-saving renovations in buildings are strengthened and efforts are accelerated to make traditional manufacturing more eco-friendly.We will encourage everyone to conserve energy and water, make progress in using sorted treatment of waste, improve the networks for recycling renewable resources, and turn the energy conservation and environmental protection industries into pillar industries underpinning China’s development.加强生态安全屏障建设。健全生态保护补偿机制。停止天然林商业性采伐，实行新一轮草原生态保护补助奖励政策。推进地下水超采区综合治理试点，实施湿地等生态保护与恢复工程，继续治理荒漠化、石漠化和水土流失。保护环境，人人有责。每一个社会成员都要自觉行动起来，为建设美丽中国贡献力量。

– We will continue to develop ecological security barriers.We will improve mechanisms for compensating for ecological conservation efforts.Commercial logging in natural forests will be banned, and a new round of subsidy and award policies for grassland ecological conservation efforts will be implemented.Trials to comprehensively deal with the over-abstraction of groundwater will be moved ahead, more will be done to protect and restore wetlands and other ecosystems, and continued efforts will be made to curb desertification, rock desertification, and soil erosion.Every one of us has an obligation to protect the environment – we call on every member of society to act and contribute to the building of a Beautiful China.（七）切实保障改善民生，加强社会建设。为政之道，民生为本。我们要念之再

三、铭之肺腑，多谋民生之利，多解民生之忧。财政收入增长虽放缓，但该给群众办的实事一件也不能少。

7.Strengthen social development to promote people’s well being

The best form of governance is that which puts people’s wellbeing first.We must never lose sight of this and do more to improve the lives of our people and address their concerns.Growth in government revenue is slowing, but when it comes to getting things done for the welfare of the people, we mustn’t drop a single thing.着力扩大就业创业。实施更加积极的就业政策，鼓励以创业带动就业。今年高校毕业生将高达765万人，要落实好就业促进计划和创业引领计划，促进多渠道就业创业。用好失业保险基金结余，增加稳就业资金规模，做好企业下岗职工技能培训和再就业工作，对城镇就业困难人员提供托底帮扶。完成2100万人次以上农民工职业技能提升培训任务。加强对灵活就业、新就业形态的扶持。切实做好退役军人安置和就业创业服务工作。

– We will promote growth in employment and new businesses.We will pursue a more proactive employment policy and encourage business startups that create employment.This year, there will be up to 7.65 million college graduates.We will use multiple channels to increase employment and encourage entrepreneurship by implementing initiatives for promoting employment of college graduates and guiding them in starting up their own businesses.We will make good use of the surplus from unemployment insurance funds and increase funds for keeping job creation stable to provide skills training for laid-off enterprise employees and help them find new employment and offer basic needs assistance to those in urban areas who face difficulties in securing employment.Over 21 million training opportunities should be provided for migrant workers to improve their skills.We will strengthen assistance for flexible employment and new forms of employment.We will see that demobilized military personnel are settled into new jobs or have good access to employment and business startup services.发展更高质量更加公平的教育。教育承载着国家的未来、人民的期盼。公共教育投入要加大向中西部和边远、贫困地区倾斜力度。统一城乡义务教育经费保障机制，改善薄弱学校和寄宿制学校办学条件。支持普惠性幼儿园发展。办好特殊教育。加快健全现代职业教育体系，分类推进中等职业教育免除学杂费。对贫困家庭学生率先免除普通高中学杂费。落实提高乡村教师待遇政策。加快推进远程教育，扩大优质教育资源覆盖面。提升高校教学水平和创新能力，推动具备条件的普通本科高校向应用型转变。继续扩大重点高校面向贫困地区农村招生规模，落实和完善农民工随迁子女在当地就学和升学考试政策。支持和规范民办教育发展。教育要促进学生德智体美全面发展，注重培养各类高素质创新型人才。从家庭到学校、从政府到社会，都要为孩子们的安全健康、成长成才担起责任，共同托起明天的希望。

– We will promote fairer access to quality education.Education is where a country’s future and its people’s hopes and aspirations lie.We will allocate a greater share of funds for public education to the central and western regions and to remote and poor areas.We will unify the urban and rural mechanisms for funding compulsory education and improve conditions in boarding schools and schools which are badly built or poorly operated.We will support the development of kindergartens open to all children.We will see that special needs education is well provided.We will work faster to modernize the vocational education system and, type by type, begin waiving all tuition and miscellaneous fees at schools providing secondary vocational education.Students from families with financial difficulties will be the first to be exempted from tuition and miscellaneous fees at regular senior high schools.The salary and other benefits of teachers in rural areas will be increased.We will move faster to promote distance learning and expand the reach of quality educational resources.Institutions of higher learning should strengthen their teaching and their capacity for innovation.Regular undergraduate institutions will be encouraged to shift their focus toward providing applied education if they are in a position to do so.We will continue to help see the increased enrollment of students from poor rural areas into key colleges, and improve and implement policies enabling children who live with their migrant worker parents to go to secondary school or take college entrance exams in their city of residence.We will support the development of privately run educational institutions and work to ensure they meet all relevant standards.Education should promote the moral, intellectual, physical, and artistic development of students, and particular attention should be given to fostering all kinds of high-caliber creative talent.Families, schools, governments, and our society as a whole must together shoulder the responsibility of ensuring our children, our hope for tomorrow, are safe, healthy, and can grow up with the opportunity to reach their full potential.协调推进医疗、医保、医药联动改革。健康是幸福之基。今年要实现大病保险全覆盖，政府加大投入，让更多大病患者减轻负担。中央财政安排城乡医疗救助补助资金160亿元，增长9.6%。整合城乡居民基本医保制度，财政补助由每人每年380元提高到420元。改革医保支付方式，加快推进基本医保全国联网和异地就医结算。扩大公立医院综合改革试点城市范围，协同推进医疗服务价格、药品流通等改革。深化药品医疗器械审评审批制度改革。加快培养全科医生、儿科医生。在70%左右的地市开展分级诊疗试点。基本公共卫生服务经费财政补助从人均40元提高到45元，促进医疗资源向基层和农村流动。鼓励社会办医。发展中医药、民族医药事业。建立健全符合医疗行业特点的人事薪酬制度，保护和调动医务人员积极性。构建和谐医患关系。完善一对夫妇可生育两个孩子的配套政策。为了人民健康，要加快健全统一权威的食品药品安全监管体制，严守从农田到餐桌、从企业到医院的每一道防线，让人民群众饮食用药安全放心。

– We will advance the coordinated reform of medical services, medical insurance, and the medicine industry.Health is at the root of happiness.This year, we aim to realize full coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme, and government funding for the scheme will be increased to reduce the financial

第四篇：2016年政府工作报告中英文

2016年政府工作报告

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT ——2016年3月5日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第四次会议上 Delivered at the Fourth Session of the 12th National People's Congress

of the People's Republic of China on March 5, 2016

国务院总理李克强

Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

Esteemed Deputies，On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).一、2015年工作回顾

Let me start with a review of the work we did in 2015.过去一年，我国发展面临多重困难和严峻挑战。在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民以坚定的信心和非凡的勇气，攻坚克难，开拓进取，经济社会发展稳中有进、稳中有好，完成了全年主要目标任务，改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得新的重大成就。

In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development.However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have pressed ahead with a pioneering spirit.As a result, progress has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.——经济运行保持在合理区间。国内生产总值达到67.7万亿元，增长6.9%，在世界主要经济体中位居前列。粮食产量实现“十二连增”，居民消费价格涨幅保持较低水平。特别是就业形势总体稳定，城镇新增就业1312万人，超过全年预期目标，成为经济运行的一大亮点

--The economy operated within an appropriate range.GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over the previous year-a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies.Food crop production increased for the 12th year in a row.Consumer prices grew slowly.Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over the course of the year, surpassing the year's target and becoming an economic highlight.——结构调整取得积极进展。服务业在国内生产总值中的比重上升到50.5%，首次占据“半壁江山”。消费对经济增长的贡献率达到66.4%。高技术产业和装备制造业增速快于一般工业。单位国内生产总值能耗下降5.6%。

--Encouraging progress was made in structural adjustment.The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time.The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%.High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%.——发展新动能加快成长。创新驱动发展战略持续推进，互联网与各行业加速融合，新兴产业快速增长。大众创业、万众创新蓬勃发展，全年新登记注册企业增长21.6%，平均每天新增1.2万户。新动能对稳就业、促升级发挥了突出作用，正在推动经济社会发生深刻变革。

--New driving forces for development grew rapidly.Further progress was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development,the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly.Business startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businesses rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day.New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.——人民生活进一步改善。全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长7.4%，快于经济增速。去年末居民储蓄存款余额增长8.5%，新增4万多亿元。又解决6434万农村人口饮水安全问题。扶贫攻坚力度加大，农村贫困人口减少1442万人。

--Living standards improved.Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy.By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan.In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained access to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.科技领域一批创新成果达到国际先进水平，第三代核电技术取得重大进展，国产C919大型客机总装下线，屠呦呦获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。对我国发展取得的成就，全国各族人民倍感振奋和自豪！

A number of world-class innovations were made in science and technology.Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China's self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the assembly line, and Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.回顾过去一年，成绩来之不易。

These achievements in China's development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.这些成绩，是在极为复杂严峻的国际环境中取得的。去年世界经济增速为6年来最低，国际贸易增速更低，大宗商品价格深度下跌，国际金融市场震荡加剧，对我国经济造成直接冲击和影响。

They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment.In 2015, world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years, growth in international trade slowed, commodity prices plummeted, and there was growing volatility in the global financial market.All this had a direct impact on China's economy.这些成绩，是在国内深层次矛盾凸显、经济下行压力加大的情况下取得的。面对“三期叠加”的局面，经济工作遇到不少两难甚至多难问题，需要远近结合，趋利避害，有效应对。

They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward pressure on the economy was mounting.While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm.这些成绩，是在我国经济总量超过60万亿元的高基数上取得的。现在国内生产总值每增长1个百分点的增量，相当于5年前1.5个百分点、10年前2.5个百分点的增量。经济规模越大，增长难度随之增加。

Finally, they were made at a time when China's economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan.Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago.The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth.在困难和压力面前，全国各族人民付出了极大辛劳，一步一步走了过来。这再次表明，任何艰难险阻都挡不住中国发展前行的步伐！

In the face of these difficulties and pressures, all our people have truly exerted themselves and progressed step by step to get us where we are today.This once again demonstrates that no difficulty or hardship will ever stop China from moving forward.一年来，我们主要做了以下工作：

I will now move on to discuss the main work we did last year:

一是着力稳增长调结构防风险，创新宏观调控方式。

First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation.为应对持续加大的经济下行压力，我们在区间调控基础上，实施定向调控和相机调控。积极的财政政策注重加力增效，扩大结构性减税范围，实行普遍性降费，盘活财政存量资金。发行地方政府债券置换存量债务3.2万亿元，降低利息负担约2000亿元，减轻了地方政府偿债压力。稳健的货币政策注重松紧适度，多次降息降准，改革存贷比管理，创新货币政策工具，加大对实体经济支持力度。扩大有效投资，设立专项基金，加强水利、城镇棚户区和农村危房改造、中西部铁路和公路等薄弱环节建设。实施重点领域消费促进工程，城乡居民旅游、网购、信息消费等快速增长。去年还积极应对股市、汇市异常波动等金融领域的多种风险挑战，守住了不发生系统性区域性风险的底线，维护了国家经济金融安全。

In responding to the mounting downward pressure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation.We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees across the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use.Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, lessening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment pressure.We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy.Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions.Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services.In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China's economic and financial security.二是围绕激发市场活力，加大改革开放力度。我们不搞“大水漫灌”式的强刺激，而是持续推动结构性改革。深入推进简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革。取消和下放311项行政审批事项，取消123项职业资格许可和认定事项，彻底终结了非行政许可审批。工商登记前置审批精简85%，全面实施三证合一、一照一码。加强事中事后监管，优化公共服务流程。群众和企业办事更加方便，全社会创业创新热情日益高涨。

Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform.We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review.The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code.Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.Government-related procedures for individuals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.财税金融等重点改革深入推进。中央对地方专项转移支付项目减少三分之一，一般性转移支付规模增加。营改增稳步实施，资源税从价计征范围扩大。取消存款利率浮动上限，推出存款保险制度，建立人民币跨境支付系统。价格改革力度加大，中央政府定价项目减少80%，地方政府定价项目减少一半以上。国有企业、农村、投融资、生态文明等领域改革有序推进，全面深化改革的成效正在显现。

Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened.The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments.Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT.Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes.The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established.Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%.We carried out state-owned enterprise(SOE)reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others.Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.坚持以开放促改革促发展。努力稳定对外贸易，调整出口退税负担机制，清理规范进出口环节收费，提高贸易便利化水平，出口结构发生积极变化。外商投资限制性条目减少一半，95%以上实行备案管理，实际使用外资1263亿美元，增长5.6%。非金融类对外直接投资1180亿美元，增长14.7%。推广上海自贸试验区经验，新设广东、天津、福建自贸试验区。人民币加入国际货币基金组织特别提款权货币篮子。亚洲基础设施投资银行正式成立，丝路基金投入运营。签署中韩、中澳自贸协定和中国－东盟自贸区升级议定书。“一带一路”建设成效显现，国际产能合作步伐加快，高铁、核电等中国装备走出去取得突破性进展。

Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up.We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix.The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis.China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%.Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%.Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China(Shanghai)Pilot Free Trade Zone.The RMB was included in the IMF's Special Drawing Rights basket.The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for business.China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively,and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN.Progress was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative(the Belt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China's export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.三是聚焦提质增效，推动产业创新升级。

Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance.制定实施创新驱动发展战略纲要和意见，出台推动大众创业、万众创新政策举措，落实“互联网+”行动计划，增强经济发展新动力。一大批创客走上创业创新之路。完善农业支持政策，促进农业发展方式加快转变。针对工业增速下降、企业效益下滑，我们一手抓新兴产业培育，一手抓传统产业改造提升。启动实施《中国制造2025》，设立国家新兴产业创业投资引导基金、中小企业发展基金，扩大国家自主创新示范区。积极化解过剩产能，推进企业兼并重组。近三年淘汰落后炼钢炼铁产能9000多万吨、水泥2.3亿吨、平板玻璃7600多万重量箱、电解铝100多万吨。促进生产性、生活性服务业加快发展。狠抓节能减排和环境保护，各项约束性指标超额完成。公布自主减排行动目标，推动国际气候变化谈判取得积极成果。

To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businesses and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented.A great number of makers started businesses and made innovations.Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model.In addressing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide incorporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones.We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones.We cut overcapacity and encouraged business acquisitions and restructuring.Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate glass, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum.The development of production-and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum.We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets.We released self-imposed emissions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.四是着眼开拓发展空间，促进区域协调发展和新型城镇化。

Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space.继续推动东、中、西、东北地区“四大板块”协调发展，重点推进“一带一路”建设、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展“三大战略”，在基础设施、产业布局、生态环保等方面实施一批重大工程。制定实施促进西藏和四省藏区、新疆发展的政策措施。推进户籍制度改革，出台居住证制度，加强城镇基础设施建设，新型城镇化取得新成效。

Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast;priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives-the Belt and Road Initiative, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt initiative.A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation.Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai.We pressed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.五是紧扣增进民生福祉，推动社会事业改革发展。

Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.在财力紧张情况下，保障民生力度继续加大。推出新的政策，重点解决高校毕业生和就业困难群体的就业创业问题。城镇保障性安居工程住房基本建成772万套，棚户区住房改造开工601万套，农村危房改造432万户，一大批住房困难家庭圆了安居梦。加快改善贫困地区义务教育薄弱学校办学条件，深化中小学教师职称制度改革，重点高校招收贫困地区农村学生人数又增长10.5%。全面推开县级公立医院综合改革，拓展居民大病保险，建立重特大疾病医疗救助制度、困难残疾人生活补贴和重度残疾人护理补贴制度。提高低保、优抚、企业退休人员基本养老金等标准，推行机关事业单位养老保险制度改革并完善工资制度。加强基本公共文化服务建设。广大人民群众有了更多获得感。

Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people.New policies were launched to create jobs and business startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment.Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in.We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the professional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%.Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of assistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established.We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system.Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified.All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.六是促进社会和谐稳定，推动依法行政和治理方式创新。Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability.国务院提请全国人大常委会审议法律议案11件，制定修订行政法规8部。政务公开加快推进，推广电子政务和网上办事。建立重大政策落实督查问责机制，开展第三方评估。有效应对自然灾害和突发事件。加强安全生产监管，事故总量和重特大事故、重点行业事故数量继续下降。推进食品安全创建示范行动。强化社会治安综合治理，依法打击各类违法犯罪活动，有力维护了公共安全。

The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations.Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration.We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations.We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies.Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety;as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common.We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety.We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.我们深入开展“三严三实”专题教育，锲而不舍落实党中央八项规定精神，坚决纠正“四风”，严格执行国务院“约法三章”。加强行政监察和审计监督。大力推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争，一批腐败分子受到惩处。

The campaign to build understanding of the Three Stricts and Three Honests* was intensified, the CPC Central Committee's eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council's three-point decision on curbing government spending.Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened.We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.我们隆重纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年，集中宣示了我国作为世界反法西斯战争东方主战场的历史地位和重大贡献，彰显了中国人民同各国人民共护和平、共守正义的坚定信念！

We marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Global War against Fascism.This anniversary was a reminder of China's place in history as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its major contribution to the war effort.The Chinese people marked this occasion to demonstrate their dedication to safeguarding peace and upholding justice together with other peoples.一年来，全方位外交成果丰硕。习近平主席等国家领导人出访多国，出席联合国系列峰会、二十国集团领导人峰会、亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议、气候变化大会、东亚合作领导人系列会议、世界经济论坛等重大活动。成功举行中非合作论坛峰会、中欧领导人会晤，启动中拉论坛。同主要大国关系取得新进展，同周边国家务实合作深入推进，同发展中国家友好合作不断拓展，同联合国等国际组织和国际机制的关系全面加强，经济外交、人文交流卓有成效。中国作为负责任大国，在国际和地区事务中发挥了重要的建设性作用。

Over the past year, China's all-round diplomacy has delivered fruitful outcomes.President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended international events including the United Nations summits, the G20 Leaders Summit, the 23rd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the East Asian leaders' meetings on cooperation, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2016.The Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the China-EU Leaders' Meeting were held, and the China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States(CELAC)Forum was inaugurated.Fresh progress was made in China's relations with other major countries;pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries was strengthened;friendship and cooperation with other developing countries grew;relations with the United Nations and other international organizations and mechanisms were strengthened in all areas;and notable achievements were made in economic diplomacy and cultural exchanges.As a responsible major country, China played an important constructive role in international and regional affairs.各位代表！

过去一年取得的成绩，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央统揽全局、科学决策的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民齐心协力、顽强拼搏的结果。我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚感谢！向关心和支持中国现代化建设事业的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚感谢！

We owe these achievements to the sound overall decisions made by the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and to the concerted and determined efforts of all members of the Party, all members of the armed forces, and all the people of China.On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express our sincere gratitude to the people of all ethnic groups in China including public figures from all sectors of society and to the other parties and the people's organizations.I express our heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas.I also wish to express our sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in her endeavor to modernize.在充分肯定去年成绩的同时，我们也清醒看到，我国发展中还存在不少困难和问题。受全球贸易萎缩等因素影响，去年我国进出口总额出现下降，预期增长目标未能实现。投资增长乏力，一些行业产能过剩严重，部分企业生产经营困难，地区和行业走势分化，财政收支矛盾突出，资本市场基础性制度还不完善，金融等领域存在风险隐患。人民群众关心的医疗、教育、养老、食品药品安全、收入分配、城市管理等方面问题较多，环境污染形势仍很严峻，严重雾霾天气在一些地区时有发生。特别令人痛心的是，去年发生了“东方之星”号客轮翻沉事件和天津港特别重大火灾爆炸等事故，人员伤亡和财产损失惨重，教训极其深刻，必须认真汲取。政府工作还存在不足，有些改革和政策措施落实不到位，少数干部不作为、不会为、乱作为，一些领域的不正之风和腐败问题不容忽视。我们要进一步增强忧患意识和担当意识，下更大力气解决这些问题，始终以民之所望为施政所向，尽心竭力做好政府工作，决不辜负人民重托。

While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware that our country is still confronted with many difficulties and problems in pursuing development.With the decline in global trade, amongst other factors, China experienced a fall in its total imports and exports and failed to reach its growth objective in this regard.Growth in investment is sluggish, overcapacity is a serious problem in certain industries, some enterprises are facing difficulties in production and operations, growth prospects are mixed for different regions and different industries, notable imbalances

exist

between

government

revenue

and expenditures, the basic institutions for the capital market still need to be improved, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors.There are many problems in medical care, education, elderly care, food and medicine safety, income distribution, and urban management that are of concern to the people.The situation remains grave when it comes to environmental pollution, and some regions are frequently hit by severe smog.Particularly distressing, last year saw the sinking of the cruise ship Oriental Star on the Yangtze and the massive explosion in Tianjin Port.The deaths and injuries and the damage and loss of property from these incidents were devastating, and the profound lessons these incidents have taught us should never be forgotten.There are still inadequacies in the work of the government.Some reforms, policies, and measures have not been fully implemented;a small number of government employees either do not or are unable to fulfill their duties, or behave irresponsibly;and the corruption and misconduct in some sectors cannot be ignored.We must be more mindful of the difficulties ahead, more ready to assume responsibility, and more hardworking in ensuring these problems are solved.The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance;we must do our utmost to deliver a strong performance in our work and never fail to live up to the great trust the people have placed in us.各位代表！

2015年是“十二五”收官之年。过去五年，我国发展成就举世瞩目。党的十八大以来，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，面对错综复杂的国际环境和艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务，我们继续坚持稳中求进工作总基调，深化改革开放，实施一系列利当前、惠长远的重大举措，“十二五”规划确定的主要目标任务全面完成。

Esteemed Deputies，The period covered by the 12th Five-Year Plan came to a close in 2015.During the past five years, impressive achievements were made in China's development.Since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, we have found ourselves in a complicated international environment, and we have faced the challenging tasks of carrying out reform and development and maintaining stability at home.However, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, we have continued our commitment to the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable, deepened reform and opening up, and adopted a series of major measures that should deliver both immediate and long-term benefits.As a result, we successfully fulfilled all the main tasks and targets set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan.一是经济持续较快发展。国内生产总值年均增长7.8%，经济总量稳居世界第二位，成为全球第一货物贸易大国和主要对外投资大国。

First, a high rate of economic development was maintained.During this period, China's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.8%.This growth enabled China to comfortably maintain its position as the world's second-largest economy, and become the largest trading nation in terms of goods as well as a major outbound investor.二是结构调整取得标志性进展。服务业成为第一大产业，工业化与信息化融合加深，农业综合生产能力明显增强。消费成为支撑经济增长的主要力量。超过一半人口居住在城镇。单位国内生产总值能耗下降18.2%，主要污染物排放量减少12%以上。

Second, milestone progress was achieved in structural adjustments.Service industries have grown to be the largest economic sector, information technology has been further integrated into industrialization, and overall agricultural production capacity has notably improved.Consumption has become a major driver of growth.Over half of China's population now resides in urban areas.Energy consumption per unit of GDP has dropped by 18.2%, and the emissions of major pollutants have been cut by over 12%.Note:

* To be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline;and to be honest in one's thinking, one's work, and one's behavior.三是基础设施水平全面跃升。铁路营业里程达到12.1万公里，其中高速铁路超过1.9万公里，占世界60%以上。高速公路通车里程超过12万公里。南水北调东、中线工程通水。建成全球最大的第四代移动通信网络。

Third, across-the-board improvements were made in infrastructure.The length of railways in service reached 121,000 kilometers, of which more than 19,000 kilometers are high-speed rail lines-more than 60% of the world's total.The length of expressways open to traffic exceeded 120,000 kilometers, the eastern and middle routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were put into operation, and the world's largest 4G mobile network was built in China.四是科技创新实现重大突破。量子通信、中微子振荡、高温铁基超导等基础研究取得一批原创性成果，载人航天、探月工程、深海探测等项目达到世界先进水平。

Fourth, significant breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation.Original achievements were made in quantum communications, neutrino oscillation, and iron-based high-temperature superconductivity through basic research.World-class advances were made in manned spaceflight, the lunar exploration program, and deep-water exploration.五是人民生活水平显著提高。居民收入增长快于经济增长，城乡收入差距持续缩小。城镇新增就业人数超过6400万人。城镇保障性安居工程住房建设4013万套，上亿群众喜迁新居。农村贫困人口减少1亿多，解决3亿多农村人口饮水安全问题。

Fifth, living standards improved significantly.Personal income increased faster than economic growth, and the urban-rural income gap was narrowed.Over 64 million urban jobs were created.Government subsidies were used to build 40.13 million housing units in urban areas, providing new homes for around 100 million people.The number of rural residents living in poverty was cut by more than 100 million, and over 300 million rural residents gained access to safe drinking water.六是社会发展成就斐然。教育公平和质量明显提升。基本医疗保险实现全覆盖，基本养老保险参保率超过80%。文化软实力持续提升。依法治国全面推进。中国特色军事变革成就显著。经过五年努力，我国经济实力、科技实力、国防实力、国际影响力又上了一个大台阶。

Sixth, notable achievements were made in social development.Significant progress was made in ensuring equal access to education, and the quality of education markedly improved.Basic health insurance was expanded to achieve complete coverage, and participation in basic pension plans exceeded 80% of the whole population.China's soft power continued to grow.The rule of law was advanced in all respects.Significant achievements were made in the military revolution with Chinese characteristics.Over the past five years, China's economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, defense capabilities, and international influence have all been strengthened considerably.“十二五”时期的辉煌成就，充分显示了中国特色社会主义的巨大优越性，集中展现了中国人民的无穷创造力，极大增强了中华民族的自信心和凝聚力，必将激励全国各族人民在实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标的新征程上奋力前行！

The achievements attained during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan fully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people.The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals.*

二、“十三五”时期主要目标任务和重大举措

Esteemed Deputies，Let me now brief you on the main targets, tasks, and measures for the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan from 2016 through 2020.根据《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划的建议》，国务院编制了《国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划纲要（草案）》，提交大会审查。

On the basis of the CPC Central Committee Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, the State Council has drawn up the draft of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development and submitted it to this session for your review and approval.《纲要草案》紧紧围绕全面建成小康社会奋斗目标，针对发展不平衡、不协调、不可持续等突出问题，强调要牢固树立和贯彻落实创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，明确了今后五年经济社会发展的主要目标任务，提出了一系列支撑发展的重大政策、重大工程和重大项目，突出了以下六个方面。

The draft, centering on the goal of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and designed to address serious issues such as unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development, stresses the need to promote innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development.It proposes the main targets and tasks for economic and social development over the next five years as well as development policies, initiatives, and projects.The following are the six areas highlighted in the draft.——保持经济中高速增长，推动产业迈向中高端水平。实现全面建成小康社会目标，到2020年国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比2010年翻一番，“十三五”时期经济年均增长保持在6.5%以上。加快推进产业结构优化升级，实施一批技术水平高、带动能力强的重大工程。到2020年，先进制造业、现代服务业、战略性新兴产业比重大幅提升，全员劳动生产率从人均8.7万元提高到12万元以上。届时，我国经济总量超过90万亿元，发展的质量和效益明显提高。在我们这样一个人口众多的发展中国家，这将是非常了不起的成就。

--We should work to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and promote the development of industries toward the medium-high end.To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income by 2020, the economy needs to grow at an average annual rate of at least 6.5% during this five-year period.To that end, we will move faster to improve or upgrade the structure of industry and launch initiatives that use advanced technologies and can drive industrial development.Our goal is that by 2020, advanced manufacturing, modern services, and strategic emerging industries as a proportion of GDP will have risen significantly and that per capita labor productivity will have risen from 87,000 yuan to over 120,000 yuan.By that time, China's aggregate economic output should have exceeded 90 trillion yuan, and the quality and efficacy of development should have significantly improved.For a developing country like China with such a large population, this will be a truly remarkable achievement.——强化创新引领作用，为发展注入强大动力。创新是引领发展的第一动力，必须摆在国家发展全局的核心位置，深入实施创新驱动发展战略。启动一批新的国家重大科技项目，建设一批高水平的国家科学中心和技术创新中心，培育壮大一批有国际竞争力的创新型领军企业，建设一批全面创新改革试验区。持续推动大众创业、万众创新。促进大数据、云计算、物联网广泛应用。加快建设质量强国、制造强国、知识产权强国。到2020年，力争在基础研究、应用研究和战略前沿领域取得重大突破，全社会研发经费投入强度达到2.5%，科技进步对经济增长的贡献率达到60%，迈进创新型国家和人才强国行列。

--We should ensure that innovation better drives and energizes development.Innovation is the primary driving force for development and must occupy a central place in China's development strategy, which is why we must implement a strategy of innovation-driven development.We should launch new national science and technology programs, build first-class national science centers and technological innovation hubs, help develop internationally competitive high-innovation enterprises, and establish pilot reform zones for all-round innovation.We should make consistent efforts to encourage the public to start businesses and make innovations.We should promote the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things.We need to move faster to transform China into a manufacturer of advanced and quality products and a country that is strong on intellectual property rights.We should strive to achieve major breakthroughs in basic research, applied research, and research in strategic and frontier fields by 2020.China's investment in research and development is expected to reach 2.5% of GDP, and the contribution of scientific and technological advances toward economic growth should come to reach 60%.Fulfilling these objectives will turn China into an innovative and talent-rich country.——推进新型城镇化和农业现代化，促进城乡区域协调发展。缩小城乡区域差距，既是调整经济结构的重点，也是释放发展潜力的关键。要深入推进以人为核心的新型城镇化，实现1亿左右农业转移人口和其他常住人口在城镇落户，完成约1亿人居住的棚户区和城中村改造，引导约1亿人在中西部地区就近城镇化。到2020年，常住人口城镇化率达到60%、户籍人口城镇化率达到45%。

--We should make progress in new urbanization and agricultural modernization as well as in balancing development between urban and rural areas and between regions.Narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is not only a key part of economic structural adjustment;it is also crucial for unleashing developmental potential.We should advance the new, people-centered urbanization.This will mean granting urban residency to around 100 million people with rural household registration living in urban areas and other permanent urban residents, completing the rebuilding of both rundown areas and “villages” in cities involving about 100 million people, and enabling around 100 million rural residents to live in local towns and cities in the central and western regions.By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China's population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents.实施一批水利、农机、现代种业等工程，推动农业适度规模经营和区域化布局、标准化生产、社会化服务。到2020年，粮食等主要农产品供给和质量安全得到更好保障，农业现代化水平明显提高，新农村建设取得新成效。

We should launch initiatives to develop water conservancy in agriculture, farming machinery, and the modern seed industry, encourage appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations, and promote regional distribution, standardized production, and commercial agricultural services.By 2020, the supply, quality, and safety of food crops and other major agricultural products should be better ensured, notable headway should have been made in modernizing agriculture, and fresh progress should have been made in developing the new countryside.以区域发展总体战略为基础，以“三大战略”为引领，形成沿海沿江沿线经济带为主的纵向横向经济轴带，培育一批辐射带动力强的城市群和增长极。加强重大基础设施建设，高铁营业里程达到3万公里、覆盖80%以上的大城市，新建改建高速公路通车里程约3万公里，实现城乡宽带网络全覆盖。

Guided by the general strategy for regional development, we should pursue the Three Initiatives to form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastline, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes, and foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the development of surrounding areas.We should also expand major infrastructure projects, with the aim of increasing the length of high-speed railways in service to 30,000 kilometers and linking more than 80% of big cities in China with high-speed railways, building or upgrading around 30,000 kilometers of expressways, and achieving full coverage of access to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas.Note:

* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People's Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.——推动形成绿色生产生活方式，加快改善生态环境。坚持在发展中保护、在保护中发展，持续推进生态文明建设。深入实施大气、水、土壤污染防治行动计划，划定生态空间保护红线，推进山水林田湖生态工程，加强生态保护和修复。今后五年，单位国内生产总值用水量、能耗、二氧化碳排放量分别下降23%、15%、18%，森林覆盖率达到23.04%，能源资源开发利用效率大幅提高，生态环境质量总体改善。特别是治理大气雾霾取得明显进展，地级及以上城市空气质量优良天数比率超过80%。我们要持之以恒，建设天蓝、地绿、水清的美丽中国。

--We should encourage green ways of working and living and speed up efforts to conserve ecosystems and the environment.We need to protect the environment while pursuing development and achieve development in a well-protected environment, making sustained efforts to build a sound ecological system.We need to take serious action to prevent and control air, water, and soil pollution, set a red line that the country's total area of ecological spaces should not fall below, move forward with eco-friendly projects to protect and restore mountains, waters, forests, and farmlands, and intensify ecological conservation and restoration efforts.Over the next five years, we should aim to ensure that water consumption, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP are cut by 23%, 15%, and 18%, respectively, and that forest coverage reaches 23.04%.We should also make it our aim, within this timeframe, to develop and use energy and resources much more efficiently and make improvements to the quality of ecosystems and the environment.In particular, we should strive for major progress in the control and prevention of air pollution and see to it that the air quality of cities at and above the prefectural level is good or excellent for 80% of the year.We must work to build, through tireless efforts, a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.——深化改革开放，构建发展新体制。发展根本上要靠改革开放。必须全面深化改革，坚持和完善基本经济制度，建立现代产权制度，基本建成法治政府，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用，加快形成引领经济发展新常态的体制机制和发展方式。“一带一路”建设取得重大进展，国际产能合作实现新的突破。对外贸易向优进优出转变，服务贸易比重显著提升，从贸易大国迈向贸易强国。全面实行准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，逐步构建高标准自由贸易区网络，基本形成开放型经济新体制新格局。

--We need to deepen reform and opening up to create new institutions for development.Fundamentally, development relies on reform and opening up.We must deepen reform across the board, uphold and improve the basic economic system, establish a modern system of property rights, and see that a rule of law government is basically in place.It should be ensured that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and the government better plays its role, and work should be accelerated to create the systems, mechanisms, and growth model that will guide the new normal in economic development.We should work for significant progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative and for breakthroughs in our cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity.We should promote the optimization of imports and exports, significantly increase the proportion of trade in services, and promote China's transformation from a trader of quantity to a trader of quality.We should put into force across the board the management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and progressively build a network of high-standard free trade areas.With these efforts, we should be able to usher in a new phase in building an open economy based on new systems.——持续增进民生福祉，使全体人民共享发展成果。坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，努力补齐基本民生保障的短板，朝着共同富裕方向稳步前进。坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战，我国现行标准下的农村贫困人口实现脱贫，贫困县全部摘帽，解决区域性整体贫困。

--We need to ensure that continuous progress is made in raising living standards, and see that everyone shares in the fruits of development.Guided by the vision of people-centered development, we need to continue to strengthen points of weakness in meeting basic needs for the people in order to achieve common prosperity.We need to fight hard to win the war against poverty and help lift out of poverty all rural residents falling below the current poverty line, and achieve poverty alleviation in all poor counties and areas.建立国家基本公共服务项目清单。建立健全更加公平更可持续的社会保障制度。实施义务教育学校标准化、普及高中阶段教育、建设世界一流大学和一流学科等工程，劳动年龄人口平均受教育年限从10.23年提高到10.8年。

We should put in place a national catalogue of basic public services.We should establish more equitable and sustainable social security systems.We need to ensure that all schools providing compulsory education comply with educational standards, that everyone has access to secondary education, that China has more world-class universities and first-class fields of discipline, and that the average number of years of schooling received by the working-age population increases from 10.23 to 10.8 years.实现城镇新增就业5000万人以上。完善收入分配制度，缩小收入差距，提高中等收入人口比重。完善住房保障体系，城镇棚户区住房改造2000万套。

We need to create 50 million plus new urban jobs.We need to improve the income distribution system, reduce the income gap, and increase the proportion of the middle-income group in the whole populace.We should improve systems of government housing support, which should include the rebuilding of 20 million housing units in rundown urban areas.推进健康中国建设，人均预期寿命提高1岁。积极应对人口老龄化。构建现代公共文化服务体系，实施公民道德建设、中华文化传承等工程。我们既要让人民的物质生活更殷实，又要让人民的精神生活更丰富。

We need to work for progress in building a Healthy China and achieve a one-year increase in average life expectancy.We need to respond proactively to population aging.We should build a modern system of public cultural services and put into effect cultural programs to boost civic morality and keep Chinese culture thriving.These efforts should enable people not only to enjoy a better life in material terms, but also to live a more enriching intellectual and cultural life.做好“十三五”时期经济社会发展工作，实现全面建成小康社会目标，必须着力把握好三点。

To achieve success in our work to promote economic and social development during the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan and finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must keep to the following three guidelines:

一是牢牢抓住发展第一要务不放松。发展是硬道理，是解决我国所有问题的关键。今后五年是跨越“中等收入陷阱”的重要阶段，各种矛盾和风险明显增多。发展如逆水行舟，不进则退。必须毫不动摇坚持以经济建设为中心，推动科学发展，妥善应对风险挑战，使中国经济这艘巨轮破浪远航。

First, give top priority to development

Development is of primary importance to China and is the key to solving every problem we face.During the next five years, we must take particular care to avoid falling into the “middle-income trap,” and we need to address an increasing number of problems and risks.Pursuing development is like sailing against the current: you either forge ahead or drift downstream.We must remain committed to economic development as our central task, endeavor to promote sound development, and respond effectively to risks and challenges so as to ensure that China's economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance.二是大力推进结构性改革。当前发展中总量问题与结构性问题并存，结构性问题更加突出，要用改革的办法推进结构调整。在适度扩大总需求的同时，突出抓好供给侧结构性改革，既做减法，又做加法，减少无效和低端供给，扩大有效和中高端供给，增加公共产品和公共服务供给，使供给和需求协同促进经济发展，提高全要素生产率，不断解放和发展社会生产力。

Second, make major headway in carrying out structural reform

At present, we face problems both with aggregate supply and demand and with our structures.The structural problems are more acute, and reform should be conducted to adjust these structures.While working to achieve an appropriate expansion of aggregate demand, we need to give particular emphasis to structural reform on the supply side, reducing supply in some areas while increasing it in others.This means that we need to reduce ineffective and lower-end supply while increasing effective and medium-and high-end supply, increase the supply of public goods and services, ensure that development is driven by both supply and demand, and improve total-factor productivity.This should enable us to unleash and develop productive forces.三是加快新旧发展动能接续转换。经济发展必然会有新旧动能迭代更替的过程，当传统动能由强变弱时，需要新动能异军突起和传统动能转型，形成新的“双引擎”，才能推动经济持续增长、跃上新台阶。当前我国发展正处于这样一个关键时期，必须培育壮大新动能，加快发展新经济。要推动新技术、新产业、新业态加快成长，以体制机制创新促进分享经济发展，建设共享平台，做大高技术产业、现代服务业等新兴产业集群，打造动力强劲的新引擎。运用信息网络等现代技术，推动生产、管理和营销模式变革，重塑产业链、供应链、价值链，改造提升传统动能，使之焕发新的生机与活力。

Third, accelerate the shift in driving forces for development

In the course of economic development, it is only natural that old drivers of growth are replaced by new ones.As conventional driving forces weaken, it is critical that new driving forces emerge and that the conventional ones undergo a transformation so that new twin engines are formed;only then is it possible to upgrade the economy and achieve sustainable growth.This is the crucial period in which China currently finds itself, and during which we must build up powerful new drivers in order to accelerate the development of the new economy.We need to move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business, boost the development of a sharing economy through institutional innovations, create sharing platforms, and develop emerging industry clusters such as high-tech and modern service industry clusters, thus creating strong new engines.We will use network-based information technology and other modern technologies to drive changes in models of production, management, and marketing, create new industry chains, supply chains, and value chains, and transform and upgrade conventional drivers, thus injecting them with new vitality.从根本上说，发展的不竭力量蕴藏在人民群众之中。9亿多劳动力、1亿多受过高等教育和有专业技能的人才，是我们最大的资源和优势。实现新旧动能转换，推动发展转向更多依靠人力人才资源和创新，既是一个伴随阵痛的调整过程，也是一个充满希望的升级过程。只要闯过这个关口，中国经济就一定能够浴火重生、再创辉煌。

Ultimately, it is the people who are the inexhaustible source of power that drives development.A workforce of over 900 million, of whom over 100 million have received higher education or are professionally trained: this is our greatest resource and strength.Obviously, replacing old drivers of growth with new ones and achieving a shift in development toward greater reliance on human resources, human capital, and innovation is a process of painful adjustment.But it is at the same time an upgrading process with great promise.We just have to get through this process, and we can, without question, reinvigorate the economy and ensure its dynamic growth.展望今后五年，我们充满必胜信心。如期实现全面建成小康社会目标，人民生活将会更加美好，中国特色社会主义事业前景一定会更加光明！

Looking ahead to the next five years, we are fully confident that we will finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects within the set timeframe, that our people will enjoy better lives, and that there will be an even brighter future for the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.三、2016年重点工作

I now want to discuss the major areas of work for 2016.今年是全面建成小康社会决胜阶段的开局之年，也是推进结构性改革的攻坚之年。

This is the first year of the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and a crucial year in carrying out structural reform.To ensure that the government's goal for this year is accomplished, we must do the following:

做好政府工作，必须高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中、五中全会精神，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻总书记系列重要讲话精神，按照“五位一体”总体布局和“四个全面”战略布局，坚持改革开放，坚持以新发展理念引领发展，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，适应经济发展新常态，实行宏观政策要稳、产业政策要准、微观政策要活、改革政策要实、社会政策要托底的总体思路，把握好稳增长与调结构的平衡，保持经济运行在合理区间，着力加强供给侧结构性改革，加快培育新的发展动能，改造提升传统比较优势，抓好去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板，加强民生保障，切实防控风险，努力实现“十三五”时期经济社会发展良好开局。

--hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics;

--implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Congress of the CPC and the third, fourth, and fifth plenary sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee;

--follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development;

--put into practice the guiding principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping's major policy addresses;

--work in accordance with the overall plan for promoting all-round economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy;*

--continue reform and opening up;

--follow the new vision of development;

--follow the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable;

--adapt to the new normal in economic development;

--follow the general guidelines that macro policies should be stable, industrial policies targeted, micro policies flexible, reform policies practical, and that social policies should ensure basic needs;

--maintain a balance between ensuring steady growth and making structural adjustments;

--ensure that the economy operates within an appropriate range;

--strengthen supply-side structural reform;

--accelerate the fostering of new driving forces for development;

--strengthen traditional comparative advantages;

--cut overcapacity and excess inventory, deleverage, reduce costs, and strengthen points of weakness;

--strengthen basic safeguards for public wellbeing;

--prevent and control risks.今年发展的主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长6.5%－7%，居民消费价格涨幅3%左右，城镇新增就业1000万人以上，城镇登记失业率4.5%以内，进出口回稳向好，国际收支基本平衡，居民收入增长和经济增长基本同步。单位国内生产总值能耗下降3.4%以上，主要污染物排放继续减少。

By working to achieve all of these, we should get off to a good start in economic and social development during the period covered by the 13th Five-Year Plan.The main development targets for 2016 are as follows:

--GDP growth of 6.5% to 7%;

--CPI increase kept at around 3%;

--creation of at least ten million new urban jobs;

--registered urban unemployment rate kept within 4.5%;

--a steady rise in import and export volumes;

--a basic balance in international payments;

--increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth;

--a reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP of at least 3.4%;

--further reductions in the release of major pollutants.经济增长预期目标6.5%－7%，考虑了与全面建成小康社会目标相衔接，考虑了推进结构性改革的需要，也有利于稳定和引导市场预期。稳增长主要是为了保就业、惠民生，有6.5%－7%的增速就能够实现比较充分的就业。

In setting a projected growth rate of between 6.5% and 7%, we have taken into consideration the need to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the need to advance structural reform.It will also help guide market expectations and keep them stable.The aim of maintaining stable growth is primarily to ensure employment and promote the people's wellbeing, and a growth rate of between 6.5% and 7% will allow for relatively full employment.综合分析各方面情况，今年我国发展面临的困难更多更大、挑战更为严峻，我们要做打硬仗的充分准备。

A comprehensive analysis of all factors shows that China will face more and tougher problems and challenges in its development this year, so we must be fully prepared to fight a difficult battle.从国际看，世界经济深度调整、复苏乏力，国际贸易增长低迷，金融和大宗商品市场波动不定，地缘政治风险上升，外部环境的不稳定不确定因素增加，对我国发展的影响不可低估。

Internationally, the global economy is experiencing profound changes and struggling to recover;growth in trade is weak;there are fluctuations in the financial and commodity markets;geopolitical risks are rising;and there are increasing instabilities and uncertainties in China's external environment.We should not underestimate the impact all of this will have on China's development.从国内看，长期积累的矛盾和风险进一步显现，经济增速换挡、结构调整阵痛、新旧动能转换相互交织，经济下行压力加大。

Domestically, problems and risks that have been building up over the years are becoming more evident;the change of pace in economic growth, the difficulties associated with structural adjustments, and the transformation of the drivers of growth present interwoven problems;and downward pressure on the economy is growing.但困难和挑战并不可怕。中国的发展从来都是在应对挑战中前进的，没有过不去的坎。经过多年的快速发展，我国物质基础雄厚，经济韧性强、潜力足、回旋余地大，改革开放不断注入新动力，创新宏观调控积累了丰富经验。特别是我们有中国共产党的坚强领导和中国特色社会主义制度，中国人民勤劳智慧。只要我们万众一心，共克时艰，就一定能够实现全年经济社会发展目标。

But we will not be daunted by these problems and challenges.China has from the start been developing while responding to challenges;there is no difficulty we cannot get beyond.Thanks to years of rapid development, China has laid a solid material foundation, and its economy is hugely resilient and has enormous potential and ample room for growth.At the same time, reform and opening up has been injecting new impetus into economic growth, and a wealth of experience has been gained in developing new ways of conducting macro regulation.In addition, we have the guidance of the CPC and the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and our people are talented and hardworking.As long as we work together as one to surmount all difficulties, we will definitely achieve the targets for economic and social development in 2016.今年要重点做好八个方面工作。

This year, we will carry out the following eight tasks:

（一）稳定和完善宏观经济政策，保持经济运行在合理区间。我们宏观调控还有创新手段和政策储备，既要立足当前、有针对性地出招，顶住经济下行压力，又要着眼长远、留有后手、谋势蓄势。继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，创新宏观调控方式，加强区间调控、定向调控、相机调控，统筹运用财政、货币政策和产业、投资、价格等政策工具，采取结构性改革尤其是供给侧结构性改革举措，为经济发展营造良好环境。

1.Improve and keep stable our macroeconomic policies to ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range

At present, we still have new instruments for macro regulation and a good reserve of policies at our disposal.On the one hand, we will focus on current realities and take targeted steps to withstand the downward pressure on the economy.On the other hand, we must have our long-term development goals in mind, keep some policy tools as options for later use, strategize our moves, and gather strength.We will continue to implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy, develop new approaches to macro regulation, strengthen range-based, targeted, and well-timed regulation, use fiscal and monetary policies and industry, investment, and pricing policy tools in a coordinated way, and implement structural reform, particularly supply-side structural reform, so as to create an enabling environment for economic development.积极的财政政策要加大力度。今年拟安排财政赤字2.18万亿元，比去年增加5600亿元，赤字率提高到3%。其中，中央财政赤字1.4万亿元，地方财政赤字7800亿元。安排地方专项债券4000亿元，继续发行地方政府置换债券。我国财政赤字率和政府负债率在世界主要经济体中相对较低，这样的安排是必要的、可行的，也是安全的。

--We will pursue a more proactive fiscal policy.The government deficit for 2016 is projected to be 2.18 trillion yuan, an increase of 560 billion yuan over last year, meaning the deficit-to-GDP ratio will rise to 3%.Of the deficit, 1.4 trillion yuan will be carried by the central government, and the remaining 780 billion yuan will be carried by local governments.Special bonds for local governments will total 400 billion yuan, and local government debt-converting bonds will continue to be issued.China's deficit-to-GDP ratio and government debt ratio are lower than those of other major economies;such steps are necessary, feasible, and also safe.适度扩大财政赤字，主要用于减税降费，进一步减轻企业负担。

The moderate increase in government deficit is projected primarily to cover tax and fee reductions for enterprises, a step that will further reduce their burdens.今年将采取三项举措。一是全面实施营改增，从5月1日起，将试点范围扩大到建筑业、房地产业、金融业、生活服务业，并将所有企业新增不动产所含增值税纳入抵扣范围，确保所有行业税负只减不增。二是取消违规设立的政府性基金，停征和归并一批政府性基金，扩大水利建设基金等免征范围。

The following three measures will be adopted this year.First, business tax will be replaced with VAT in all sectors.Starting from May 1st, the scope of work to pilot this measure will be extended to the construction, real estate, financial, and consumer service industries, and VAT deductions will cover all new immovable property of enterprises to ensure that the tax burdens on all industries are reduced.Second, government-managed funds set up without authorization will be abolished;the collection of contributions to certain government-managed funds will be suspended, and some of these funds will be consolidated;and more enterprises will be exempted from contributing to water conservancy construction funds and other government-managed funds.Note:

* To make comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-conduct.三是将18项行政事业性收费的免征范围，从小微企业扩大到所有企业和个人。

Third, exemptions from 18 administrative charges which currently apply only to small and micro businesses will be expanded to include all enterprises and individuals.实施上述政策，今年将比改革前减轻企业和个人负担5000多亿元。同时，适当增加必要的财政支出和政府投资，加大对民生等薄弱环节的支持。创新财政支出方式，优化财政支出结构，该保的一定要保住，该减的一定要减下来。

Through the above policies, the burdens on enterprises and individuals will be cut by more than 500 billion yuan this year.At the same time, we will increase government expenditures and investment as appropriate to work on living standards and other areas in need of strengthening.We will develop new ways for government funds to be spent and improve the government spending mix to ensure that all essential items receive sufficient funding, while non-essential items are cut.加快财税体制改革。推进中央与地方事权和支出责任划分改革，合理确定增值税中央和地方分享比例。把适合作为地方收入的税种下划给地方，在税政管理权限方面给地方适当放权。进一步压缩中央专项转移支付规模，今年一般性转移支付规模增长12.2%。全面推开资源税从价计征改革。依法实施税收征管。建立规范的地方政府举债融资机制，对财政实力强、债务风险较低的，按法定程序适当增加债务限额。各级政府要坚持过紧日子，把每一笔钱都花在明处、用在实处。

Fiscal and tax reforms will be stepped up.We will move forward with the reform of the way powers and expenditure responsibilities are shared between the central and local governments, ensuring that the proportion of VAT revenue received by the central and local governments is determined appropriately.Taxes suitable as sources of local government revenue will be handed over to local governments along with the corresponding administrative powers.Central government special transfer payments to local governments will be further reduced, while this year's general transfer payments will be

第五篇：2016政府工作报告中英文对照

政府工作报告

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

——2016年3月5日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第四次会议上

Delivered at the Fourth Session of the 12th National People's Congress of

the People's Republic of China on March 5, 2016

国务院总理李克强

Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

Esteemed Deputies，On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).一、2015年工作回顾

Let me start with a review of the work we did in 2015.过去一年，我国发展面临多重困难和严峻挑战。在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民以坚定的信心和非凡的勇气，攻坚克难，开拓进取，经济社会发展稳中有进、稳中有好，完成了全年主要目标任务，改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得新的重大成就。

In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development.However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have pressed ahead with a pioneering spirit.As a result, progress has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.——经济运行保持在合理区间。国内生产总值达到67.7万亿元，增长6.9%，在世界主要经济体中位居前列。粮食产量实现“十二连增”，居民消费价格涨幅保持较低水平。特别是就业形势总体稳定，城镇新增就业1312万人，超过全年预期目标，成为经济运行的一大亮点

--The economy operated within an appropriate range.GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over the previous year-a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies.Food crop production increased for the 12th year in a row.Consumer prices grew slowly.Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over the course of the year, surpassing the year's target and becoming an economic highlight.——结构调整取得积极进展。服务业在国内生产总值中的比重上升到50.5%，首次占据“半壁江山”。消费对经济增长的贡献率达到66.4%。高技术产业和装备制造业增速快于一般工业。单位国内生产总值能耗下降5.6%。

--Encouraging progress was made in structural adjustment.The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time.The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%.High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%.——发展新动能加快成长。创新驱动发展战略持续推进，互联网与各行业加速融合，新兴产业快速增长。大众创业、万众创新蓬勃发展，全年新登记注册企业增长21.6%，平均每天新增1.2万户。新动能对稳就业、促升级发挥了突出作用，正在推动经济社会发生深刻变革。

--New driving forces for development grew rapidly.Further progress was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development,the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly.Business startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businesses rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day.New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.——人民生活进一步改善。全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长7.4%，快于经济增速。去年末居民储蓄存款余额增长8.5%，新增4万多亿元。又解决6434万农村人口饮水安全问题。扶贫攻坚力度加大，农村贫困人口减少1442万人。

--Living standards improved.Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy.By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan.In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained access to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.科技领域一批创新成果达到国际先进水平，第三代核电技术取得重大进展，国产C919大型客机总装下线，屠呦呦获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。对我国发展取得的成就，全国各族人民倍感振奋和自豪！

A number of world-class innovations were made in science and technology.Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China's self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the assembly line, and TuYouyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.回顾过去一年，成绩来之不易。

These achievements in China's development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.这些成绩，是在极为复杂严峻的国际环境中取得的。去年世界经济增速为6年来最低，国际贸易增速更低，大宗商品价格深度下跌，国际金融市场震荡加剧，对我国经济造成直接冲击和影响。

They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment.In 2015, world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years, growth in international trade slowed, commodity prices plummeted, and there was growing volatility in the global financial market.All this had a direct impact on China's economy.这些成绩，是在国内深层次矛盾凸显、经济下行压力加大的情况下取得的。面对“三期叠加”的局面，经济工作遇到不少两难甚至多难问题，需要远近结合，趋利避害，有效应对。

They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward pressure on the economy was mounting.While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm.这些成绩，是在我国经济总量超过60万亿元的高基数上取得的。现在国内生产总值每增长1个百分点的增量，相当于5年前1.5个百分点、10年前2.5个百分点的增量。经济规模越大，增长难度随之增加。

Finally, they were made at a time when China's economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan.Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago.The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth.在困难和压力面前，全国各族人民付出了极大辛劳，一步一步走了过来。这再次表明，任何艰难险阻都挡不住中国发展前行的步伐！

In the face of these difficulties and pressures, all our people have truly exerted themselves and progressed step by step to get us where we are today.This once again demonstrates that no difficulty or hardship will ever stop China from moving forward.一年来，我们主要做了以下工作：

I will now move on to discuss the main work we did last year:

一是着力稳增长调结构防风险，创新宏观调控方式。

First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation.为应对持续加大的经济下行压力，我们在区间调控基础上，实施定向调控和相机调控。积极的财政政策注重加力增效，扩大结构性减税范围，实行普遍性降费，盘活财政存量资金。发行地方政府债券置换存量债务3.2万亿元，降低利息负担约2000亿元，减轻了地方政府偿债压力。稳健的货币政策注重松紧适度，多次降息降准，改革存贷比管理，创新货币政策工具，加大对实体经济支持力度。扩大有效投资，设立专项基金，加强水利、城镇棚户区和农村危房改造、中西部铁路和公路等薄弱环节建设。实施重点领域消费促进工程，城乡居民旅游、网购、信息消费等快速增长。去年还积极应对股市、汇市异常波动等金融领域的多种风险挑战，守住了不发生系统性区域性风险的底线，维护了国家经济金融安全。

In responding to the mounting downward pressure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation.We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees across the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use.Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, lessening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment pressure.We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy.Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions.Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services.In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China's economic and financial security.二是围绕激发市场活力，加大改革开放力度。我们不搞“大水漫灌”式的强刺激，而是持续推动结构性改革。深入推进简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革。取消和下放311项行政审批事项，取消123项职业资格许可和认定事项，彻底终结了非行政许可审批。工商登记前置审批精简85%，全面实施三证合一、一照一码。加强事中事后监管，优化公共服务流程。群众和企业办事更加方便，全社会创业创新热情日益高涨。

Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform.We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review.The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code.Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.Government-related procedures for individuals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.财税金融等重点改革深入推进。中央对地方专项转移支付项目减少三分之一，一般性转移支付规模增加。营改增稳步实施，资源税从价计征范围扩大。取消存款利率浮动上限，推出存款保险制度，建立人民币跨境支付系统。价格改革力度加大，中央政府定价项目减少80%，地方政府定价项目减少一半以上。国有企业、农村、投融资、生态文明等领域改革有序推进，全面深化改革的成效正在显现。

Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened.The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments.Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT.Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes.The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established.Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%.We carried out state-owned enterprise(SOE)reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others.Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.坚持以开放促改革促发展。努力稳定对外贸易，调整出口退税负担机制，清理规范进出口环节收费，提高贸易便利化水平，出口结构发生积极变化。外商投资限制性条目减少一半，95%以上实行备案管理，实际使用外资1263亿美元，增长5.6%。非金融类对外直接投资1180亿美元，增长14.7%。推广上海自贸试验区经验，新设广东、天津、福建自贸试验区。人民币加入国际货币基金组织特别提款权货币篮子。亚洲基础设施投资银行正式成立，丝路基金投入运营。签署中韩、中澳自贸协定和中国－东盟自贸区升级议定书。“一带一路”建设成效显现，国际产能合作步伐加快，高铁、核电等中国装备走出去取得突破性进展。

Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up.We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix.The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis.China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%.Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%.Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China(Shanghai)Pilot Free Trade Zone.The RMB was included in the IMF's Special Drawing Rights basket.The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for business.China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively,and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN.Progress was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative(the Belt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China's export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.三是聚焦提质增效，推动产业创新升级。

Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance.制定实施创新驱动发展战略纲要和意见，出台推动大众创业、万众创新政策举措，落实“互联网+”行动计划，增强经济发展新动力。一大批创客走上创业创新之路。完善农业支持政策，促进农业发展方式加快转变。针对工业增速下降、企业效益下滑，我们一手抓新兴产业培育，一手抓传统产业改造提升。启动实施《中国制造2025》，设立国家新兴产业创业投资引导基金、中小企业发展基金，扩大国家自主创新示范区。积极化解过剩产能，推进企业兼并重组。近三年淘汰落后炼钢炼铁产能9000多万吨、水泥2.3亿吨、平板玻璃7600多万重量箱、电解铝100多万吨。促进生产性、生活性服务业加快发展。狠抓节能减排和环境保护，各项约束性指标超额完成。公布自主减排行动目标，推动国际气候变化谈判取得积极成果。

To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businesses and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented.A great number of makers started businesses and made innovations.Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model.In addressing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide incorporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones.We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones.We cut overcapacity and encouraged business acquisitions and restructuring.Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate glass, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum.The development of production-and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum.We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets.We released self-imposed emissions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.四是着眼开拓发展空间，促进区域协调发展和新型城镇化。

Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space.继续推动东、中、西、东北地区“四大板块”协调发展，重点推进“一带一路”建设、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展“三大战略”，在基础设施、产业布局、生态环保等方面实施一批重大工程。制定实施促进西藏和四省藏区、新疆发展的政策措施。推进户籍制度改革，出台居住证制度，加强城镇基础设施建设，新型城镇化取得新成效。

Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast;priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives-the Belt and Road Initiative, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt initiative.A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation.Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai.We pressed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.五是紧扣增进民生福祉，推动社会事业改革发展。

Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.在财力紧张情况下，保障民生力度继续加大。推出新的政策，重点解决高校毕业生和就业困难群体的就业创业问题。城镇保障性安居工程住房基本建成772万套，棚户区住房改造开工601万套，农村危房改造432万户，一大批住房困难家庭圆了安居梦。加快改善贫困地区义务教育薄弱学校办学条件，深化中小学教师职称制度改革，重点高校招收贫困地区农村学生人数又增长10.5%。全面推开县级公立医院综合改革，拓展居民大病保险，建立重特大疾病医疗救助制度、困难残疾人生活补贴和重度残疾人护理补贴制度。提高低保、优抚、企业退休人员基本养老金等标准，推行机关事业单位养老保险制度改革并完善工资制度。加强基本公共文化服务建设。广大人民群众有了更多获得感。

Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people.New policies were launched to create jobs and business startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment.Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in.We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the professional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%.Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of assistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established.We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system.Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified.All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.六是促进社会和谐稳定，推动依法行政和治理方式创新。

Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability.国务院提请全国人大常委会审议法律议案11件，制定修订行政法规8部。政务公开加快推进，推广电子政务和网上办事。建立重大政策落实督查问责机制，开展第三方评估。有效应对自然灾害和突发事件。加强安全生产监管，事故总量和重特大事故、重点行业事故数量继续下降。推进食品安全创建示范行动。强化社会治安综合治理，依法打击各类违法犯罪活动，有力维护了公共安全。

The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations.Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration.We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations.We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies.Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety;as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common.We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety.We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.我们深入开展“三严三实”专题教育，锲而不舍落实党中央八项规定精神，坚决纠正“四风”，严格执行国务院“约法三章”。加强行政监察和审计监督。大力推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争，一批腐败分子受到惩处。

The campaign to build understanding of the Three Stricts and Three Honests* was intensified, the CPC Central Committee's eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council's three-point decision on curbing government spending.Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened.We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.我们隆重纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年，集中宣示了我国作为世界反法西斯战争东方主战场的历史地位和重大贡献，彰显了中国人民同各国人民共护和平、共守正义的坚定信念！

We marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Global War against Fascism.This anniversary was a reminder of China's place in history as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its major contribution to the war effort.The Chinese people marked this occasion to demonstrate their dedication to safeguarding peace and upholding justice together with other peoples.一年来，全方位外交成果丰硕。习近平主席等国家领导人出访多国，出席联合国系列峰会、二十国集团领导人峰会、亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议、气候变化大会、东亚合作领导人系列会议、世界经济论坛等重大活动。成功举行中非合作论坛峰会、中欧领导人会晤，启动中拉论坛。同主要大国关系取得新进展，同周边国家务实合作深入推进，同发展中国家友好合作不断拓展，同联合国等国际组织和国际机制的关系全面加强，经济外交、人文交流卓有成效。中国作为负责任大国，在国际和地区事务中发挥了重要的建设性作用。

Over the past year, China's all-round diplomacy has delivered fruitful outcomes.President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended international events including the United Nations summits, the G20 Leaders Summit, the 23rd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the East Asian leaders' meetings on cooperation, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2016.The Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the China-EU Leaders' Meeting were held, and the China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States(CELAC)Forum was inaugurated.Fresh progress was made in China's relations with other major countries;pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries was strengthened;friendship and cooperation with other developing countries grew;relations with the United Nations and other international organizations and mechanisms were strengthened in all areas;and notable achievements were made in economic diplomacy and cultural exchanges.As a responsible major country, China played an important constructive role in international and regional affairs.各位代表！

过去一年取得的成绩，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央统揽全局、科学决策的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民齐心协力、顽强拼搏的结果。我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚感谢！向关心和支持中国现代化建设事业的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚感谢！

We owe these achievements to the sound overall decisions made by the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and to the concerted and determined efforts of all members of the Party, all members of the armed forces, and all the people of China.On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express our sincere gratitude to the people of all ethnic groups in China including public figures from all sectors of society and to the other parties and the people's organizations.I express our heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas.I also wish to express our sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in her endeavor to modernize.在充分肯定去年成绩的同时，我们也清醒看到，我国发展中还存在不少困难和问题。受全球贸易萎缩等因素影响，去年我国进出口总额出现下降，预期增长目标未能实现。投资增长乏力，一些行业产能过剩严重，部分企业生产经营困难，地区和行业走势分化，财政收支矛盾突出，资本市场基础性制度还不完善，金融等领域存在风险隐患。人民群众关心的医疗、教育、养老、食品药品安全、收入分配、城市管理等方面问题较多，环境污染形势仍很严峻，严重雾霾天气在一些地区时有发生。特别令人痛心的是，去年发生了“东方之星”号客轮翻沉事件和天津港特别重大火灾爆炸等事故，人员伤亡和财产损失惨重，教训极其深刻，必须认真汲取。政府工作还存在不足，有些改革和政策措施落实不到位，少数干部不作为、不会为、乱作为，一些领域的不正之风和腐败问题不容忽视。我们要进一步增强忧患意识和担当意识，下更大力气解决这些问题，始终以民之所望为施政所向，尽心竭力做好政府工作，决不辜负人民重托。

While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware that our country is still confronted with many difficulties and problems in pursuing development.With the decline in global trade, amongst other factors, China experienced a fall in its total imports and exports and failed to reach its growth objective in this regard.Growth in investment is sluggish, overcapacity is a serious problem in certain industries, some enterprises are facing difficulties in production and operations, growth prospects are mixed for different regions and different industries, notable imbalances exist between government revenue and expenditures, the basic institutions for the capital market still need to be improved, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors.There are many problems in medical care, education, elderly care, food and medicine safety, income distribution, and urban management that are of concern to the people.The situation remains grave when it comes to environmental pollution, and some regions are frequently hit by severe smog.Particularly distressing, last year saw the sinking of the cruise ship Oriental Star on the Yangtze and the massive explosion in Tianjin Port.The deaths and injuries and the damage and loss of property from these incidents were devastating, and the profound lessons these incidents have taught us should never be forgotten.There are still inadequacies in the work of the government.Some reforms, policies, and measures have not been fully implemented;a small number of government employees either do not or are unable to fulfill their duties, or behave irresponsibly;and the corruption and misconduct in some sectors cannot be ignored.We must be more mindful of the difficulties ahead, more ready to assume responsibility, and more hardworking in ensuring these problems are solved.The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance;we must do our utmost to deliver a strong performance in our work and never fail to live up to the great trust the people have placed in us.各位代表！

2015年是“十二五”收官之年。过去五年，我国发展成就举世瞩目。党的十八大以来，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，面对错综复杂的国际环境和艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务，我们继续坚持稳中求进工作总基调，深化改革开放，实施一系列利当前、惠长远的重大举措，“十二五”规划确定的主要目标任务全面完成。

Esteemed Deputies，The period covered by the 12th Five-Year Plan came to a close in 2015.During the past five years, impressive achievements were made in China's development.Since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, we have found ourselves in a complicated international environment, and we have faced the challenging tasks of carrying out reform and development and maintaining stability at home.However, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, we have continued our commitment to the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable, deepened reform and opening up, and adopted a series of major measures that should deliver both immediate and long-term benefits.As a result, we successfully fulfilled all the main tasks and targets set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan.一是经济持续较快发展。国内生产总值年均增长7.8%，经济总量稳居世界第二位，成为全球第一货物贸易大国和主要对外投资大国。

First, a high rate of economic development was maintained.During this period, China's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.8%.This growth enabled China to comfortably maintain its position as the world's second-largest economy, and become the largest trading nation in terms of goods as well as a major outbound investor.二是结构调整取得标志性进展。服务业成为第一大产业，工业化与信息化融合加深，农业综合生产能力明显增强。消费成为支撑经济增长的主要力量。超过一半人口居住在城镇。单位国内生产总值能耗下降18.2%，主要污染物排放量减少12%以上。

Second, milestone progress was achieved in structural adjustments.Service industries have grown to be the largest economic sector, information technology has been further integrated into industrialization, and overall agricultural production capacity has notably improved.Consumption has become a major driver of growth.Over half of China's population now resides in urban areas.Energy consumption per unit of GDP has dropped by 18.2%, and the emissions of major pollutants have been cut by over 12%.Note:

* To be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline;and to be honest in one's thinking, one's work, and one's behavior.三是基础设施水平全面跃升。铁路营业里程达到12.1万公里，其中高速铁路超过1.9万公里，占世界60%以上。高速公路通车里程超过12万公里。南水北调东、中线工程通水。建成全球最大的第四代移动通信网络。

Third, across-the-board improvements were made in infrastructure.The length of railways in service reached 121,000 kilometers, of which more than 19,000 kilometers are high-speed rail lines-more than 60% of the world's total.The length of expressways open to traffic exceeded 120,000 kilometers, the eastern and middle routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were put into operation, and the world's largest 4G mobile network was built in China.四是科技创新实现重大突破。量子通信、中微子振荡、高温铁基超导等基础研究取得一批原创性成果，载人航天、探月工程、深海探测等项目达到世界先进水平。

Fourth, significant breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation.Original achievements were made in quantum communications, neutrino oscillation, and iron-based high-temperature superconductivity through basic research.World-class advances were made in manned spaceflight, the lunar exploration program, and deep-water exploration.五是人民生活水平显著提高。居民收入增长快于经济增长，城乡收入差距持续缩小。城镇新增就业人数超过6400万人。城镇保障性安居工程住房建设4013万套，上亿群众喜迁新居。农村贫困人口减少1亿多，解决3亿多农村人口饮水安全问题。

Fifth, living standards improved significantly.Personal income increased faster than economic growth, and the urban-rural income gap was narrowed.Over 64 million urban jobs were created.Government subsidies were used to build 40.13 million housing units in urban areas, providing new homes for around 100 million people.The number of rural residents living in poverty was cut by more than 100 million, and over 300 million rural residents gained access to safe drinking water.六是社会发展成就斐然。教育公平和质量明显提升。基本医疗保险实现全覆盖，基本养老保险参保率超过80%。文化软实力持续提升。依法治国全面推进。中国特色军事变革成就显著。经过五年努力，我国经济实力、科技实力、国防实力、国际影响力又上了一个大台阶。

Sixth, notable achievements were made in social development.Significant progress was made in ensuring equal access to education, and the quality of education markedly improved.Basic health insurance was expanded to achieve complete coverage, and participation in basic pension plans exceeded 80% of the whole population.China's soft power continued to grow.The rule of law was advanced in all respects.Significant achievements were made in the military revolution with Chinese characteristics.Over the past five years, China's economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, defense capabilities, and international influence have all been strengthened considerably.“十二五”时期的辉煌成就，充分显示了中国特色社会主义的巨大优越性，集中展现了中国人民的无穷创造力，极大增强了中华民族的自信心和凝聚力，必将激励全国各族人民在实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标的新征程上奋力前行！

The achievements attained during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan fully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people.The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals.*

二、“十三五”时期主要目标任务和重大举措

Esteemed Deputies，Let me now brief you on the main targets, tasks, and measures for the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan from 2016 through 2020.根据《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划的建议》，国务院编制了《国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划纲要（草案）》，提交大会审查。

On the basis of the CPC Central Committee Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, the State Council has drawn up the draft of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development and submitted it to this session for your review and approval.《纲要草案》紧紧围绕全面建成小康社会奋斗目标，针对发展不平衡、不协调、不可持续等突出问题，强调要牢固树立和贯彻落实创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，明确了今后五年经济社会发展的主要目标任务，提出了一系列支撑发展的重大政策、重大工程和重大项目，突出了以下六个方面。

The draft, centering on the goal of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and designed to address serious issues such as unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development, stresses the need to promote innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development.It proposes the main targets and tasks for economic and social development over the next five years as well as development policies, initiatives, and projects.The following are the six areas highlighted in the draft.——保持经济中高速增长，推动产业迈向中高端水平。实现全面建成小康社会目标，到2020年国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比2010年翻一番，“十三五”时期经济年均增长保持在6.5%以上。加快推进产业结构优化升级，实施一批技术水平高、带动能力强的重大工程。到2020年，先进制造业、现代服务业、战略性新兴产业比重大幅提升，全员劳动生产率从人均8.7万元提高到12万元以上。届时，我国经济总量超过90万亿元，发展的质量和效益明显提高。在我们这样一个人口众多的发展中国家，这将是非常了不起的成就。

--We should work to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and promote the development of industries toward the medium-high end.To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income by 2020, the economy needs to grow at an average annual rate of at least 6.5% during this five-year period.To that end, we will move faster to improve or upgrade the structure of industry and launch initiatives that use advanced technologies and can drive industrial development.Our goal is that by 2020, advanced manufacturing, modern services, and strategic emerging industries as a proportion of GDP will have risen significantly and that per capita labor productivity will have risen from 87,000 yuan to over 120,000 yuan.By that time, China's aggregate economic output should have exceeded 90 trillion yuan, and the quality and efficacy of development should have significantly improved.For a developing country like China with such a large population, this will be a truly remarkable achievement.——强化创新引领作用，为发展注入强大动力。创新是引领发展的第一动力，必须摆在国家发展全局的核心位置，深入实施创新驱动发展战略。启动一批新的国家重大科技项目，建设一批高水平的国家科学中心和技术创新中心，培育壮大一批有国际竞争力的创新型领军企业，建设一批全面创新改革试验区。持续推动大众创业、万众创新。促进大数据、云计算、物联网广泛应用。加快建设质量强国、制造强国、知识产权强国。到2020年，力争在基础研究、应用研究和战略前沿领域取得重大突破，全社会研发经费投入强度达到2.5%，科技进步对经济增长的贡献率达到60%，迈进创新型国家和人才强国行列。

--We should ensure that innovation better drives and energizes development.Innovation is the primary driving force for development and must occupy a central place in China's development strategy, which is why we must implement a strategy of innovation-driven development.We should launch new national science and technology programs, build first-class national science centers and technological innovation hubs, help develop internationally competitive high-innovation enterprises, and establish pilot reform zones for all-round innovation.We should make consistent efforts to encourage the public to start businesses and make innovations.We should promote the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things.We need to move faster to transform China into a manufacturer of advanced and quality products and a country that is strong on intellectual property rights.We should strive to achieve major breakthroughs in basic research, applied research, and research in strategic and frontier fields by 2020.China's investment in research and development is expected to reach 2.5% of GDP, and the contribution of scientific and technological advances toward economic growth should come to reach 60%.Fulfilling these objectives will turn China into an innovative and talent-rich country.——推进新型城镇化和农业现代化，促进城乡区域协调发展。缩小城乡区域差距，既是调整经济结构的重点，也是释放发展潜力的关键。要深入推进以人为核心的新型城镇化，实现1亿左右农业转移人口和其他常住人口在城镇落户，完成约1亿人居住的棚户区和城中村改造，引导约1亿人在中西部地区就近城镇化。到2020年，常住人口城镇化率达到60%、户籍人口城镇化率达到45%。

--We should make progress in new urbanization and agricultural modernization as well as in balancing development between urban and rural areas and between regions.Narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is not only a key part of economic structural adjustment;it is also crucial for unleashing developmental potential.We should advance the new, people-centered urbanization.This will mean granting urban residency to around 100 million people with rural household registration living in urban areas and other permanent urban residents, completing the rebuilding of both rundown areas and “villages” in cities involving about 100 million people, and enabling around 100 million rural residents to live in local towns and cities in the central and western regions.By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China's population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents.实施一批水利、农机、现代种业等工程，推动农业适度规模经营和区域化布局、标准化生产、社会化服务。到2020年，粮食等主要农产品供给和质量安全得到更好保障，农业现代化水平明显提高，新农村建设取得新成效。

We should launch initiatives to develop water conservancy in agriculture, farming machinery, and the modern seed industry, encourage appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations, and promote regional distribution, standardized production, and commercial agricultural services.By 2020, the supply, quality, and safety of food crops and other major agricultural products should be better ensured, notable headway should have been made in modernizing agriculture, and fresh progress should have been made in developing the new countryside.以区域发展总体战略为基础，以“三大战略”为引领，形成沿海沿江沿线经济带为主的纵向横向经济轴带，培育一批辐射带动力强的城市群和增长极。加强重大基础设施建设，高铁营业里程达到3万公里、覆盖80%以上的大城市，新建改建高速公路通车里程约3万公里，实现城乡宽带网络全覆盖。

Guided by the general strategy for regional development, we should pursue the Three Initiatives to form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastline, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes, and foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the development of surrounding areas.We should also expand major infrastructure projects, with the aim of increasing the length of high-speed railways in service to 30,000 kilometers and linking more than 80% of big cities in China with high-speed railways, building or upgrading around 30,000 kilometers of expressways, and achieving full coverage of access to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas.Note:

* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People's Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.——推动形成绿色生产生活方式，加快改善生态环境。坚持在发展中保护、在保护中发展，持续推进生态文明建设。深入实施大气、水、土壤污染防治行动计划，划定生态空间保护红线，推进山水林田湖生态工程，加强生态保护和修复。今后五年，单位国内生产总值用水量、能耗、二氧化碳排放量分别下降23%、15%、18%，森林覆盖率达到23.04%，能源资源开发利用效率大幅提高，生态环境质量总体改善。特别是治理大气雾霾取得明显进展，地级及以上城市空气质量优良天数比率超过80%。我们要持之以恒，建设天蓝、地绿、水清的美丽中国。

--We should encourage green ways of working and living and speed up efforts to conserve ecosystems and the environment.We need to protect the environment while pursuing development and achieve development in a well-protected environment, making sustained efforts to build a sound ecological system.We need to take serious action to prevent and control air, water, and soil pollution, set a red line that the country's total area of ecological spaces should not fall below, move forward with eco-friendly projects to protect and restore mountains, waters, forests, and farmlands, and intensify ecological conservation and restoration efforts.Over the next five years, we should aim to ensure that water consumption, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP are cut by 23%, 15%, and 18%, respectively, and that forest coverage reaches 23.04%.We should also make it our aim, within this timeframe, to develop and use energy and resources much more efficiently and make improvements to the quality of ecosystems and the environment.In particular, we should strive for major progress in the control and prevention of air pollution and see to it that the air quality of cities at and above the prefectural level is good or excellent for 80% of the year.We must work to build, through tireless efforts, a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.——深化改革开放，构建发展新体制。发展根本上要靠改革开放。必须全面深化改革，坚持和完善基本经济制度，建立现代产权制度，基本建成法治政府，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用，加快形成引领经济发展新常态的体制机制和发展方式。“一带一路”建设取得重大进展，国际产能合作实现新的突破。对外贸易向优进优出转变，服务贸易比重显著提升，从贸易大国迈向贸易强国。全面实行准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，逐步构建高标准自由贸易区网络，基本形成开放型经济新体制新格局。

--We need to deepen reform and opening up to create new institutions for development.Fundamentally, development relies on reform and opening up.We must deepen reform across the board, uphold and improve the basic economic system, establish a modern system of property rights, and see that a rule of law government is basically in place.It should be ensured that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and the government better plays its role, and work should be accelerated to create the systems, mechanisms, and growth model that will guide the new normal in economic development.We should work for significant progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative and for breakthroughs in our cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity.We should promote the optimization of imports and exports, significantly increase the proportion of trade in services, and promote China's transformation from a trader of quantity to a trader of quality.We should put into force across the board the management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and progressively build a network of high-standard free trade areas.With these efforts, we should be able to usher in a new phase in building an open economy based on new systems.——持续增进民生福祉，使全体人民共享发展成果。坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，努力补齐基本民生保障的短板，朝着共同富裕方向稳步前进。坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战，我国现行标准下的农村贫困人口实现脱贫，贫困县全部摘帽，解决区域性整体贫困。

--We need to ensure that continuous progress is made in raising living standards, and see that everyone shares in the fruits of development.Guided by the vision of people-centered development, we need to continue to strengthen points of weakness in meeting basic needs for the people in order to achieve common prosperity.We need to fight hard to win the war against poverty and help lift out of poverty all rural residents falling below the current poverty line, and achieve poverty alleviation in all poor counties and areas.建立国家基本公共服务项目清单。建立健全更加公平更可持续的社会保障制度。实施义务教育学校标准化、普及高中阶段教育、建设世界一流大学和一流学科等工程，劳动年龄人口平均受教育年限从10.23年提高到10.8年。

We should put in place a national catalogue of basic public services.We should establish more equitable and sustainable social security systems.We need to ensure that all schools providing compulsory education comply with educational standards, that everyone has access to secondary education, that China has more world-class universities and first-class fields of discipline, and that the average number of years of schooling received by the working-age population increases from 10.23 to 10.8 years.实现城镇新增就业5000万人以上。完善收入分配制度，缩小收入差距，提高中等收入人口比重。完善住房保障体系，城镇棚户区住房改造2000万套。

We need to create 50 million plus new urban jobs.We need to improve the income distribution system, reduce the income gap, and increase the proportion of the middle-income group in the whole populace.We should improve systems of government housing support, which should include the rebuilding of 20 million housing units in rundown urban areas.推进健康中国建设，人均预期寿命提高1岁。积极应对人口老龄化。构建现代公共文化服务体系，实施公民道德建设、中华文化传承等工程。我们既要让人民的物质生活更殷实，又要让人民的精神生活更丰富。

We need to work for progress in building a Healthy China and achieve a one-year increase in average life expectancy.We need to respond proactively to population aging.We should build a modern system of public cultural services and put into effect cultural programs to boost civic morality and keep Chinese culture thriving.These efforts should enable people not only to enjoy a better life in material terms, but also to live a more enriching intellectual and cultural life.做好“十三五”时期经济社会发展工作，实现全面建成小康社会目标，必须着力把握好三点。

To achieve success in our work to promote economic and social development during the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan and finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must keep to the following three guidelines:

一是牢牢抓住发展第一要务不放松。发展是硬道理，是解决我国所有问题的关键。今后五年是跨越“中等收入陷阱”的重要阶段，各种矛盾和风险明显增多。发展如逆水行舟，不进则退。必须毫不动摇坚持以经济建设为中心，推动科学发展，妥善应对风险挑战，使中国经济这艘巨轮破浪远航。

First, give top priority to development

Development is of primary importance to China and is the key to solving every problem we face.During the next five years, we must take particular care to avoid falling into the “middle-income trap,” and we need to address an increasing number of problems and risks.Pursuing development is like sailing against the current: you either forge ahead or drift downstream.We must remain committed to economic development as our central task, endeavor to promote sound development, and respond effectively to risks and challenges so as to ensure that China's economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance.二是大力推进结构性改革。当前发展中总量问题与结构性问题并存，结构性问题更加突出，要用改革的办法推进结构调整。在适度扩大总需求的同时，突出抓好供给侧结构性改革，既做减法，又做加法，减少无效和低端供给，扩大有效和中高端供给，增加公共产品和公共服务供给，使供给和需求协同促进经济发展，提高全要素生产率，不断解放和发展社会生产力。

Second, make major headway in carrying out structural reform

At present, we face problems both with aggregate supply and demand and with our structures.The structural problems are more acute, and reform should be conducted to adjust these structures.While working to achieve an appropriate expansion of aggregate demand, we need to give particular emphasis to structural reform on the supply side, reducing supply in some areas while increasing it in others.This means that we need to reduce ineffective and lower-end supply while increasing effective and medium-and high-end supply, increase the supply of public goods and services, ensure that development is driven by both supply and demand, and improve total-factor productivity.This should enable us to unleash and develop productive forces.三是加快新旧发展动能接续转换。经济发展必然会有新旧动能迭代更替的过程，当传统动能由强变弱时，需要新动能异军突起和传统动能转型，形成新的“双引擎”，才能推动经济持续增长、跃上新台阶。当前我国发展正处于这样一个关键时期，必须培育壮大新动能，加快发展新经济。要推动新技术、新产业、新业态加快成长，以体制机制创新促进分享经济发展，建设共享平台，做大高技术产业、现代服务业等新兴产业集群，打造动力强劲的新引擎。运用信息网络等现代技术，推动生产、管理和营销模式变革，重塑产业链、供应链、价值链，改造提升传统动能，使之焕发新的生机与活力。

Third, accelerate the shift in driving forces for development

In the course of economic development, it is only natural that old drivers of growth are replaced by new ones.As conventional driving forces weaken, it is critical that new driving forces emerge and that the conventional ones undergo a transformation so that new twin engines are formed;only then is it possible to upgrade the economy and achieve sustainable growth.This is the crucial period in which China currently finds itself, and during which we must build up powerful new drivers in order to accelerate the development of the new economy.We need to move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business, boost the development of a sharing economy through institutional innovations, create sharing platforms, and develop emerging industry clusters such as high-tech and modern service industry clusters, thus creating strong new engines.We will use network-based information technology and other modern technologies to drive changes in models of production, management, and marketing, create new industry chains, supply chains, and value chains, and transform and upgrade conventional drivers, thus injecting them with new vitality.从根本上说，发展的不竭力量蕴藏在人民群众之中。9亿多劳动力、1亿多受过高等教育和有专业技能的人才，是我们最大的资源和优势。实现新旧动能转换，推动发展转向更多依靠人力人才资源和创新，既是一个伴随阵痛的调整过程，也是一个充满希望的升级过程。只要闯过这个关口，中国经济就一定能够浴火重生、再创辉煌。

Ultimately, it is the people who are the inexhaustible source of power that drives development.A workforce of over 900 million, of whom over 100 million have received higher education or are professionally trained: this is our greatest resource and strength.Obviously, replacing old drivers of growth with new ones and achieving a shift in development toward greater reliance on human resources, human capital, and innovation is a process of painful adjustment.But it is at the same time an upgrading process with great promise.We just have to get through this process, and we can, without question, reinvigorate the economy and ensure its dynamic growth.展望今后五年，我们充满必胜信心。如期实现全面建成小康社会目标，人民生活将会更加美好，中国特色社会主义事业前景一定会更加光明！

Looking ahead to the next five years, we are fully confident that we will finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects within the set timeframe, that our people will enjoy better lives, and that there will be an even brighter future for the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.三、2016年重点工作

I now want to discuss the major areas of work for 2016.今年是全面建成小康社会决胜阶段的开局之年，也是推进结构性改革的攻坚之年。

This is the first year of the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and a crucial year in carrying out structural reform.To ensure that the government's goal for this year is accomplished, we must do the following:

做好政府工作，必须高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中、五中全会精神，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻总书记系列重要讲话精神，按照“五位一体”总体布局和“四个全面”战略布局，坚持改革开放，坚持以新发展理念引领发展，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，适应经济发展新常态，实行宏观政策要稳、产业政策要准、微观政策要活、改革政策要实、社会政策要托底的总体思路，把握好稳增长与调结构的平衡，保持经济运行在合理区间，着力加强供给侧结构性改革，加快培育新的发展动能，改造提升传统比较优势，抓好去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板，加强民生保障，切实防控风险，努力实现“十三五”时期经济社会发展良好开局。

--hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics;

--implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Congress of the CPC and the third, fourth, and fifth plenary sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee;

--follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development;

--put into practice the guiding principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping's major policy addresses;

--work in accordance with the overall plan for promoting all-round economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy;*

--continue reform and opening up;

--follow the new vision of development;

--follow the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable;

--adapt to the new normal in economic development;

--follow the general guidelines that macro policies should be stable, industrial policies targeted, micro policies flexible, reform policies practical, and that social policies should ensure basic needs;

--maintain a balance between ensuring steady growth and making structural adjustments;

--ensure that the economy operates within an appropriate range;

--strengthen supply-side structural reform;

--accelerate the fostering of new driving forces for development;

--strengthen traditional comparative advantages;

--cut overcapacity and excess inventory, deleverage, reduce costs, and strengthen points of weakness;

--strengthen basic safeguards for public wellbeing;

--prevent and control risks.今年发展的主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长6.5%－7%，居民消费价格涨幅3%左右，城镇新增就业1000万人以上，城镇登记失业率4.5%以内，进出口回稳向好，国际收支基本平衡，居民收入增长和经济增长基本同步。单位国内生产总值能耗下降3.4%以上，主要污染物排放继续减少。

By working to achieve all of these, we should get off to a good start in economic and social development during the period covered by the 13th Five-Year Plan.The main development targets for 2016 are as follows:

--GDP growth of 6.5% to 7%;

--CPI increase kept at around 3%;

--creation of at least ten million new urban jobs;

--registered urban unemployment rate kept within 4.5%;

--a steady rise in import and export volumes;

--a basic balance in international payments;

--increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth;

--a reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP of at least 3.4%;

--further reductions in the release of major pollutants.经济增长预期目标6.5%－7%，考虑了与全面建成小康社会目标相衔接，考虑了推进结构性改革的需要，也有利于稳定和引导市场预期。稳增长主要是为了保就业、惠民生，有6.5%－7%的增速就能够实现比较充分的就业。

In setting a projected growth rate of between 6.5% and 7%, we have taken into consideration the need to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the need to advance structural reform.It will also help guide market expectations and keep them stable.The aim of maintaining stable growth is primarily to ensure employment and promote the people's wellbeing, and a growth rate of between 6.5% and 7% will allow for relatively full employment.综合分析各方面情况，今年我国发展面临的困难更多更大、挑战更为严峻，我们要做打硬仗的充分准备。

A comprehensive analysis of all factors shows that China will face more and tougher problems and challenges in its development this year, so we must be fully prepared to fight a difficult battle.从国际看，世界经济深度调整、复苏乏力，国际贸易增长低迷，金融和大宗商品市场波动不定，地缘政治风险上升，外部环境的不稳定不确定因素增加，对我国发展的影响不可低估。

Internationally, the global economy is experiencing profound changes and struggling to recover;growth in trade is weak;there are fluctuations in the financial and commodity markets;geopolitical risks are rising;and there are increasing instabilities and uncertainties in China's external environment.We should not underestimate the impact all of this will have on China's development.从国内看，长期积累的矛盾和风险进一步显现，经济增速换挡、结构调整阵痛、新旧动能转换相互交织，经济下行压力加大。

Domestically, problems and risks that have been building up over the years are becoming more evident;the change of pace in economic growth, the difficulties associated with structural adjustments, and the transformation of the drivers of growth present interwoven problems;and downward pressure on the economy is growing.但困难和挑战并不可怕。中国的发展从来都是在应对挑战中前进的，没有过不去的坎。经过多年的快速发展，我国物质基础雄厚，经济韧性强、潜力足、回旋余地大，改革开放不断注入新动力，创新宏观调控积累了丰富经验。特别是我们有中国共产党的坚强领导和中国特色社会主义制度，中国人民勤劳智慧。只要我们万众一心，共克时艰，就一定能够实现全年经济社会发展目标。

But we will not be daunted by these problems and challenges.China has from the start been developing while responding to challenges;there is no difficulty we cannot get beyond.Thanks to years of rapid development, China has laid a solid material foundation, and its economy is hugely resilient and has enormous potential and ample room for growth.At the same time, reform and opening up has been injecting new impetus into economic growth, and a wealth of experience has been gained in developing new ways of conducting macro regulation.In addition, we have the guidance of the CPC and the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and our people are talented and hardworking.As long as we work together as one to surmount all difficulties, we will definitely achieve the targets for economic and social development in 2016.今年要重点做好八个方面工作。

This year, we will carry out the following eight tasks:

（一）稳定和完善宏观经济政策，保持经济运行在合理区间。我们宏观调控还有创新手段和政策储备，既要立足当前、有针对性地出招，顶住经济下行压力，又要着眼长远、留有后手、谋势蓄势。继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，创新宏观调控方式，加强区间调控、定向调控、相机调控，统筹运用财政、货币政策和产业、投资、价格等政策工具，采取结构性改革尤其是供给侧结构性改革举措，为经济发展营造良好环境。

1.Improve and keep stable our macroeconomic policies to ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range

At present, we still have new instruments for macro regulation and a good reserve of policies at our disposal.On the one hand, we will focus on current realities and take targeted steps to withstand the downward pressure on the economy.On the other hand, we must have our long-term development goals in mind, keep some policy tools as options for later use, strategize our moves, and gather strength.We will continue to implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy, develop new approaches to macro regulation, strengthen range-based, targeted, and well-timed regulation, use fiscal and monetary policies and industry, investment, and pricing policy tools in a coordinated way, and implement structural reform, particularly supply-side structural reform, so as to create an enabling environment for economic development.积极的财政政策要加大力度。今年拟安排财政赤字2.18万亿元，比去年增加5600亿元，赤字率提高到3%。其中，中央财政赤字1.4万亿元，地方财政赤字7800亿元。安排地方专项债券4000亿元，继续发行地方政府置换债券。我国财政赤字率和政府负债率在世界主要经济体中相对较低，这样的安排是必要的、可行的，也是安全的。

--We will pursue a more proactive fiscal policy.The government deficit for 2016 is projected to be 2.18 trillion yuan, an increase of 560 billion yuan over last year, meaning the deficit-to-GDP ratio will rise to 3%.Of the deficit, 1.4 trillion yuan will be carried by the central government, and the remaining 780 billion yuan will be carried by local governments.Special bonds for local governments will total 400 billion yuan, and local government debt-converting bonds will continue to be issued.China's deficit-to-GDP ratio and government debt ratio are lower than those of other major economies;such steps are necessary, feasible, and also safe.适度扩大财政赤字，主要用于减税降费，进一步减轻企业负担。

The moderate increase in government deficit is projected primarily to cover tax and fee reductions for enterprises, a step that will further reduce their burdens.今年将采取三项举措。一是全面实施营改增，从5月1日起，将试点范围扩大到建筑业、房地产业、金融业、生活服务业，并将所有企业新增不动产所含增值税纳入抵扣范围，确保所有行业税负只减不增。二是取消违规设立的政府性基金，停征和归并一批政府性基金，扩大水利建设基金等免征范围。

The following three measures will be adopted this year.First, business tax will be replaced with VAT in all sectors.Starting from May 1st, the scope of work to pilot this measure will be extended to the construction, real estate, financial, and consumer service industries, and VAT deductions will cover all new immovable property of enterprises to ensure that the tax burdens on all industries are reduced.Second, government-managed funds set up without authorization will be abolished;the collection of contributions to certain government-managed funds will be suspended, and some of these funds will be consolidated;and more enterprises will be exempted from contributing to water conservancy construction funds and other government-managed funds.Note:

* To make comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-conduct.三是将18项行政事业性收费的免征范围，从小微企业扩大到所有企业和个人。

Third, exemptions from 18 administrative charges which currently apply only to small and micro businesses will be expanded to include all enterprises and individuals.实施上述政策，今年将比改革前减轻企业和个人负担5000多亿元。同时，适当增加必要的财政支出和政府投资，加大对民生等薄弱环节的支持。创新财政支出方式，优化财政支出结构，该保的一定要保住，该减的一定要减下来。

Through the above policies, the burdens on enterprises and individuals will be cut by more than 500 billion yuan this year.At the same time, we will increase government expenditures and investment as appropriate to work on living standards and other areas in need of strengthening.We will develop new ways for government funds to be spent and improve the government spending mix to ensure that all essential items receive sufficient funding, while non-essential items are cut.加快财税体制改革。推进中央与地方事权和支出责任划分改革，合理确定增值税中央和地方分享比例。把适合作为地方收入的税种下划给地方，在税政管理权限方面给地方适当放权。进一步压缩中央专项转移支付规模，今年一般性转移支付规模增长12.2%。全面推开资源税从价计征改革。依法实施税收征管。建立规范的地方政府举债融资机制，对财政实力强、债务风险较低的，按法定程序适当增加债务限额。各级政府要坚持过紧日子，把每一笔钱都花在明处、用在实处。

Fiscal and tax reforms will be stepped up.We will move forward with the reform of the way powers and expenditure responsibilities are shared between the central and local governments, ensuring that the proportion of VAT revenue received by the central and local governments is determined appropriately.Taxes suitable as sources of local government revenue will be handed over to local governments along with the corresponding administrative powers.Central government special transfer payments to local governments will be further reduced, while this year's general transfer payments will be increased by 12.2%.We will extend ad valorem rates to all resource taxes.We will promote the law-based administration of tax collection.We will establish a well-regulated mechanism for local governments to secure financing through bond issuance and make moderate upward adjustments to debt ceilings for local governments with strong financial resources and low debt risks through statutory procedures.Governments at all levels must tighten their belts and spend every sum of money where it can be seen and where it's most needed.稳健的货币政策要灵活适度。今年广义货币M2预期增长13%左右，社会融资规模余额增长13%左右。要统筹运用公开市场操作、利率、准备金率、再贷款等各类货币政策工具，保持流动性合理充裕，疏通传导机制，降低融资成本，加强对实体经济特别是小微企业、“三农”等支持。

--We will pursue prudent monetary policy that is flexible and appropriate.Both the M2 money supply and aggregate financing in the economy are forecasted to grow by around 13% in 2016.We will use a full range of monetary policy tools including open market operations, interest rates, required reserve ratios, and re-lending to maintain sufficient liquidity at a proper level, improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, and reduce financing costs.We will provide more support for the real economy, particularly for small and micro businesses as well as agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.深化金融体制改革。加快改革完善现代金融监管体制，提高金融服务实体经济效率，实现金融风险监管全覆盖。深化利率市场化改革。继续完善人民币汇率市场化形成机制，保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上基本稳定。深化国有商业银行和开发性、政策性金融机构改革，发展民营银行，启动投贷联动试点。推进股票、债券市场改革和法治化建设，促进多层次资本市场健康发展，提高直接融资比重。适时启动“深港通”。建立巨灾保险制度。规范发展互联网金融。大力发展普惠金融和绿色金融。加强全口径外债宏观审慎管理。扎紧制度笼子，整顿规范金融秩序，严厉打击金融诈骗、非法集资和证券期货领域的违法犯罪活动，坚决守住不发生系统性区域性风险的底线。

We will deepen reform of the financial sector.We will move faster in the reform to improve the modern financial regulatory system and ensure that the financial sector serves the real economy more efficiently and that regulation covers all financial risks.Interest rates will be further liberalized.Improvements will be made to the market-based mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate to ensure it remains generally stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will deepen reform of state-owned commercial banks as well as development and policy-backed financial institutions, develop private banks, and launch trials to allow commercial banks to participate in combined debt-equity investments into startups and small businesses.We will move forward with the reform of stock and bond markets and increase the level of rule of law in their development, promote the sound development of the multilevel capital market, and ensure that the proportion of direct financing is increased.The Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect will be launched at an appropriate time.A catastrophe insurance system will be established.We will work to see that Internet finance develops in line with regulations, and we will make a major push to develop inclusive and green finance.We will strengthen unified, macroprudential management of foreign debt.We will tighten institutional constraints, safeguard order in the financial sector, crack down on financial fraud, illegal fundraising, and unlawful and criminal activities in the securities and futures markets, and make sure that no systemic or regional financial risks arise.（二）加强供给侧结构性改革，增强持续增长动力。围绕解决重点领域的突出矛盾和问题，加快破除体制机制障碍，以供给侧结构性改革提高供给体系的质量和效率，进一步激发市场活力和社会创造力。

2.Strengthen supply-side structural reform to drive sustained growth

To solve acute problems in key areas, we must work faster to remove institutional obstacles and carry out supply-side structural reform to improve the quality and efficiency of the supply system, and further stimulate market vitality and the creativity of society.推动简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革向纵深发展。以敬民之心，行简政之道，切实转变政府职能、提高效能。继续大力削减行政审批事项，注重解决放权不同步、不协调、不到位问题，对下放的审批事项，要让地方能接得住、管得好。深化商事制度改革，开展证照分离试点。

--We will deepen reforms to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.With the people in mind, we will streamline administration, transform the functions of the government, and improve its performance.As we continue to cancel the requirement of government review for more matters, we will focus on addressing unsynchronized, uncoordinated, and incomplete delegation of powers and make sure that local governments to which powers of review have been delegated are able to properly exercise those powers.We will deepen reform of the business system and launch trials to separate operating permits and business licenses.全面公布地方政府权力和责任清单，在部分地区试行市场准入负面清单制度。对行政事业性收费、政府定价或指导价经营服务性收费、政府性基金、国家职业资格，实行目录清单管理。加快建设统一开放、竞争有序的市场体系，打破地方保护。深化价格改革，加强价格监管。

We will release the lists of all powers and responsibilities of local governments, and begin piloting a negative list for market access in some regions.We will draw up lists and catalogues to manage administrative charges, business fees and charges set by the government or set under its guidance, government-managed funds, and professional qualifications recognized by the state.We will move faster to establish a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, and put an end to local protectionism.We will deepen pricing reform and tighten up supervision of prices.修改和废止有碍发展的行政法规和规范性文件。创新事中事后监管方式，全面推行“双随机、一公开”监管，随机抽取检查对象，随机选派执法检查人员，及时公布查处结果。推进综合行政执法改革，实施企业信用信息统一归集、依法公示、联合惩戒、社会监督。

We will revise or abolish any administrative regulations and normative documents that are holding back development.We will develop new ways of conducting oversight over the whole process of business operations, and introduce across the board an oversight model drawing on random inspections by randomly selected law enforcement officers or inspectors and requiring the prompt release of results.We will implement the reform for coordinated administrative law enforcement and adopt a unified approach to gathering information on enterprise credit, release such information in accordance with the law, ensure joint punitive action is taken where necessary, and encourage public oversight.大力推行“互联网+政务服务”，实现部门间数据共享，让居民和企业少跑腿、好办事、不添堵。简除烦苛，禁察非法，使人民群众有更平等的机会和更大的创造空间。

We will carry out the “Internet Plus government services” model and promote better information sharing between government departments, so that the public and businesses need to make fewer visits to government departments to get things done, find procedures simpler, and find the service satisfactory.We will cut red tape and root out illegalities to ensure that the people have more equal opportunities and greater space for creativity.充分释放全社会创业创新潜能。着力实施创新驱动发展战略，促进科技与经济深度融合，提高实体经济的整体素质和竞争力。

--We will ensure that the whole country's potential for starting businesses and making innovations is released.We will implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, see that science and technology become more deeply embedded in the economy, and improve the overall quality and competitiveness of the real economy.一是强化企业创新主体地位。落实企业研发费用加计扣除和加速折旧政策，完善高新技术企业、科技企业孵化器等税收优惠政策。支持行业领军企业建设高水平研发机构。加快将国家自主创新示范区试点政策推广到全国，再建设一批国家自主创新示范区、高新区。

First, we will ensure that enterprises lead in making innovations.We will implement additional tax deductions for their research and development, accelerate the depreciation of their fixed assets, and increase tax policy support for high-tech enterprises and science and technology business incubators.We will support leading enterprises in building top-level research and development institutions.We will move faster to achieve nationwide implementation of the policy of national innovation demonstration zones, and establish another set of national innovation demonstration zones and high-tech development zones.二是发挥大众创业、万众创新和“互联网+”集众智汇众力的乘数效应。打造众创、众包、众扶、众筹平台，构建大中小企业、高校、科研机构、创客多方协同的新型创业创新机制。建设一批“双创”示范基地，培育创业创新服务业，规范发展天使、创业、产业等投资。支持分享经济发展，提高资源利用效率，让更多人参与进来、富裕起来。实施更积极、更开放、更有效的人才引进政策。加强知识产权保护和运用，依法严厉打击侵犯知识产权和制假售假行为。

Second, we will help people to pool their ideas and talents through a synergy of business startups, innovation, and the Internet Plus.Platforms will be created for crowd innovation, crowd support, crowdsourcing, and crowdfunding, and mechanisms will be built to encourage new types of business startups and innovation-making through cooperation between enterprises, institutions of higher learning, research institutes, and makers.We will establish demonstration centers for business startups and innovation, foster a business startup and innovation service industry, and ensure angel investment, venture capital, industrial investment, and other investment develop in accordance with regulations.We will give our support to the development of a sharing economy and see that resources are used more efficiently and that more people take part and benefit.We will adopt more active, open, and effective policies to attract talent from overseas.We will strengthen the protection and use of intellectual property rights and look to the law to crack down on the infringement of these rights and on the production and sale of counterfeit products.三是深化科技管理体制改革。扩大高校和科研院所自主权，砍掉科研管理中的繁文缛节。实施支持科技成果转移转化的政策措施，完善股权期权税收优惠政策和分红奖励办法，鼓励科研人员创业创新。大力弘扬创新文化，厚植创新沃土，营造敢为人先、宽容失败的良好氛围，充分激发企业家精神，调动全社会创业创新积极性，汇聚成推动发展的磅礴力量。

Third, we will deepen the reform of the management system for science and technology.Greater autonomy will be given to universities and research institutes, and red tape will be cut in the management of research projects.Policies and measures will be implemented to support the transfer and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements, and tax incentives for stocks and options, and profit sharing and bonus plans will be improved to encourage researchers to start businesses and make innovations.We will foster a culture of innovation and create an enabling environment for innovation in which people venture to break new ground and failure is tolerated.I am sure that these initiatives will inspire entrepreneurialism and motivate our society to start businesses and make innovations, and thus create a powerful force to drive development.着力化解过剩产能和降本增效。重点抓好钢铁、煤炭等困难行业去产能，坚持市场倒逼、企业主体、地方组织、中央支持，运用经济、法律、技术、环保、质量、安全等手段，严格控制新增产能，坚决淘汰落后产能，有序退出过剩产能。采取兼并重组、债务重组或破产清算等措施，积极稳妥处置“僵尸企业”。完善财政、金融等支持政策，中央财政安排1000亿元专项奖补资金，重点用于职工分流安置。采取综合措施，降低企业交易、物流、财务、用能等成本，坚决遏制涉企乱收费，对违规行为要严肃查处。

--We will ensure that overcapacity is cut, costs are lowered, and business performance is improved.We will focus on addressing the overcapacity in the steel, coal, and other industries facing difficulties.In this process, the market should serve as a check, enterprises should be the major actors, local governments should play a coordinating role, and the central government should provide support.We will use economic, legal, technological, environmental, quality inspection, and safety-related means to strictly control the expansion of production capacity, shut down outdated production facilities, and eliminate overcapacity in a planned way.We will address the issue of “zombie enterprises” proactively yet prudently by using measures such as mergers, reorganizations, debt restructurings, and bankruptcy liquidations.Fiscal, financial, and other policies will be improved to support this work.One hundred billion yuan in rewards and subsidies will be provided by the central government, which will be mainly used to resettle employees laid off from these enterprises.We will take a full range of measures to reduce the transaction, logistics, financial, and energy consumption costs of enterprises, and work to put a stop to the collection of arbitrary and unwarranted fees from enterprises and be strict about investigating and punishing violations of regulations.努力改善产品和服务供给。突出抓好三个方面。

We will concentrate our efforts on the following three areas:

一是提升消费品品质。加快质量安全标准与国际标准接轨，建立商品质量惩罚性赔偿制度。鼓励企业开展个性化定制、柔性化生产，培育精益求精的工匠精神，增品种、提品质、创品牌。

--We will work to ensure the supply of goods and services is improved.First, we will see that the quality of consumer goods is improved.We will move faster to bring domestic quality and safety standards in line with international standards, and