第一篇:数词总结
2.数字的读法及写法 1 one
eleven 2 two
twelve
twenty
hundred 3 three thirteen thirty
1,000 thousand 4 four
fourteen
forty
1,000,000million 5 five
fifteen
fifty
1,000,000,000 6 six sixteen
sixty
billion 7 seven seventeen 70 seventy
1,000,000,000,000 8 eight
eighteen
eighty
zillion 9 nine
nineteen
ninety ten 3.序数词的读法
1st first
11th eleventh
2nd second
12th twelfth
20th twentieth 3rd third
13th thirteenth
30th thirtieth 4th fourth
14th fourteenth
40th fortieth 5th fifth
15th fifteenth
50th fiftieth 6th sixth
16th sixteenth
60th sixtieth 7th seventh
17th seventeen
70th
seventieth 8th eighth
18th eighteenth
80th eightieth 9th ninth
19th nineteenth
90th ninetieth 10th tenth
100th one-hundredth *21st
twenty-first
22nd
twenty-second …
所有的多位数变序数词,只将个位变成序数词即可。5.人称代词
主格
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they 宾格
me
you
him
her
it
us
you
them 形物代
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their 名物代
mine
yours
his
her
its
ours
yours theirs 反身代词myself
yourself
himself herself itself ourselves themselves 3.句子的种类:
陈述句:a.肯定句
主语+谓语+…
b.否定句
一般疑问句:可以用Yes或No回答的疑问句。
陈述句变一般疑问句注意三点:一调二改三问号
特殊疑问句:由疑问词+一般疑问句构成的疑问句。
8w: what which who whose whom where why when
1h: how
How many…?
How old…?
How much…?
How often…? How far…?
How soon…?
yourselves
西安未央高新外国语学校 新初一预科讲义第三讲
1.必记词汇:人称代词背诵 2.必会交际句型:
What’s your name? My name is ….Your name ,please? I’m ….Nice to meet you!
Nice to meet you,too!
What’s your phone number? My telephone number is ….3.句子的种类:
陈述句:a.肯定句
主语+谓语+…
b.否定句
一般疑问句:可以用Yes或No回答的疑问句。
陈述句变一般疑问句注意三点:一调二改三问号
特殊疑问句:由疑问词+一般疑问句构成的疑问句。
疑问词:8w1h
8w: what which who whose whom where why when
1h: how
How many…?
How old…?
How much…?
How often…? How far…?
How soon…?
How tall…?
How long…
西安未央高新外国语培训学校
新初一预科讲义第一讲
1.必记词汇
where哪里 table桌子 bed床
dresser梳妆台 bookcase书柜 sofa沙发 chair椅子 drawer抽屉 plant植物 know知道 bag包 math数学 alarm闹钟 video录像 hat帽子 take拿走 thing物品 can能够 bring带来 some一些 need需要 floor地板 room房间 TV=television电视 desk课桌
方位介词:in在…里面 on在…上面 under在…下面
in front of在…前面 behind在…后面 between在…中间 next to在…旁边
2.必记句型
1Where is+可数名词单数或不可数名词? ○It’s+方位介词+地方.it’s=it is 2Where are+可数名词复数? ○They’re +方位介词+地方.they’re=they are 3I don’t know.○3.语法知识
可数名词的单复数变化:
a.一般的名词直接加s;pen--pens b.以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es;box--boxes c.以辅音加元音y结尾的名词,变y为i加es;fly--flies d.以f/fe结尾的名词,变f/fe为ve加s;knife--knives e.特殊变化。man—men
第二篇:英语数词用法总结
英语数词用法总结
一.本周教学内容 数词用法总结
二.知识归纳与总结
A.基础知识
(一)数词的分类:
表示数目多少或顺序的词叫数词。数词分为基数词和序数词。
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词。one,two
表示顺序次第的数词叫序数词。the first(第一)、the second(第二)
(二)数词的用法:
1.作主语
Thirty of them are Party members.他们之中的三十人是党员。
2.作宾语
Please pass me the second.请递给我第二个。
3.作定语
The nine boys are from Tianjin.这九个男孩子是天津人。
4.作表语
Six plus four is ten.六加四等于十。
5.作同位语(只限基数词)
We four will go with you.我们四个人将和你一起去。
B.用法总结
(一)基数词的表示方法:
1.1-12 的基数词:
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
2.13~19的基数词,在个位数上加后缀-teen构成,并有两个重音。
thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen
3.20~90等十位数由2-9 加后缀-ty构成。
twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
4.21-29由十位数20加个位数1-9 构成,十位和个位之间加连字符号“-”,其他十位数以此类推。twenty-one、44 forty-four、98 ninety-eight
5.多位数的读法
① 从后向前数,每三位数加一个“,”;第一个“,”号前为thousand(千),第二个“,”号前为million(百万)……,然后再逐段表达。
② 三位数数词要在百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and。
45,632,798 读作
forty-five million, six hundred and thirty-two thousand, seven hundred and ninety-eight
(二)序数词的表示方法:
序数词 = 基数词+th,但以下几个特殊:
one-first, two-second, three-third, five-fifth.eight-eighth, nine-ninth, twelve-twelfth, twenty-twentieth ……, a hundred-a hundredth
(三)倍数、分数、小数、百分数的表示方法:
1.倍数:time(s)
This room is three times as large as that one.这个房间有那个房间三个大。
Three threes are nine.or Three times three is nine.三三得九。
2.分数:
分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示,分子为2以上时,分母(序数词)应变为复数。
三分之一,one third, a third; 五分之三,three fifths
数短语作主语时,谓语的数由of 后面的名词来决定,名词为可数名词复数,则谓语用复数;名词为不可数名词,谓语用单数。
A third of the land is covered by forests.Two thirds of the workers are working hard.3.小数:
小数点前的基数词与前面所讲的基数词读法完全相同,小数点后面则须将数字一一读出。
1.25 读作 one point two five
0.56 读作naught point five six或zero point five six
4.百分数:
百分号%读作 percent
eg.5% 读作 five percent
(四)算式表达法:
1.加法
A+B=C → A plus B is C.or A and B is C.2.减法
A-B=C →A minus B is C.or B from A is C.3.乘法
A×B=C → A times B is C.or A multiplied by B is C.4.除法
A÷B=C → A divided by B is C.5.大于
A>B → A is more than B.6.小于
A
(五)常见数词的表示法及读法
1.章节、页数的读法
第一章:the first chapter;Chapter One
第二节:the second section;Section Two
第三课:the third lesson;Lesson Three
第463页:page four six three
第2564页:page two five six four或twenty-five sixty-four
注意:如果页码的数字较长,通常用基数词。
2.房间、门牌、电话号码的读法
第305房间:Room three o(零)five
长安街76号:seventy-six Chang'an Street
电话号码:204-2244:telephone number two o(零)four two two(double two)four four
十一路公共汽车:Bus(No.)eleven
3.年代、日期、时刻的读法
(1)年份是四位数字时,各分成二位来读,eg.公元1995年:1995(=nineteen ninety-five)
(2)日期使用一般的序数词来读取
eg.5月10日:May 10th(=May tenth)
(3)时刻通常用基数词来读
eg.8点45分:8: 45(=eight forty-five)
(4)年代表示法:
eg.二十世纪九十年代:1990's nineteen nineties
4.hundred, thousand, million用法:
hundred, thousand, million前面有具体数字,要用单数形式,但如果它们后面有of,那它们要用复数形式,同时,前面不能再加具体的数目。
eg.two thousand 两千 thousands of 成千上万
hundreds of 成百上千 millions of 数以百万计
Thousands and thousands of people have visited the city.成千上万的人参观了这座城市。
(六)需注意的问题:
1.数词+名词用“-”连在一起作定语,后面名词不用复数。
eg.a four-year-old boy
2.有些结构既有基数词又有序数词。
eg.the first three questions
the last five minutes
3.英语中有一些短语包含数词,不能从表面上理解它们的意义
eg.one and the only 唯一 be at one with 与… 一致
be on all fours 匍匐;趴
Two's company, three is a crowd 二人成伴,三人不欢
one and the same 同一个;完全一样 for one 举个例子说
ten to one 十之八九 a thousand to one 十之八九
talk nineteen to the dozen 滔滔不绝 by twos and threes 三三两两
in ones and twos 三三两两 first and last 总共
first of all 首先 from the first 从一开始
......
第三篇:高中英语数词的用法总结
一、数词的分类 1.基数词
表示数目的词称为基数词.其形式如下: A.从1——10 one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten. B.从 11——19 eleven,twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen,eighteen, nineteen. 这里除 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, eighteen为特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成.C.从 21——99 整数几十中除twenty,thirty, forty,fifty,eighty为特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成.表示几十几时,在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-” 21 twenty-one 76 seventy-six D.百位数
个数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and. 101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eight E.千位数以上
从数字的右端向左端数起,每三位数加一个逗号“,”.从右开始,第一个“,”前的数字后添加 thousand,第二个“,”前面的数字后添加 million,第三个“,”前的数字后添加 billion.然后一节一节分别表示,两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式.2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight 16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four 5,237,166,234 five billion,two hundred and thirty-seven million,one hundred and sixty-six thousand,two hundred and thirty-four F.基数词在表示确切的数字时,不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式;但是,当基数词表示不确切数字,如成百、成千上万,三三两两时,基数词则以复数形式出现.There are hundreds of people in the hall. 大厅里有数以百计的人.Thousands and thousands of people come to visit the Museum of Qin Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses every day.
每天有成千上万的人来参观秦兵马涌博物馆.They went to the theatre in twos and threes. 他们三三两两地来到了剧院.G.表示人的不确切岁数或年代,用几十的复数形式表示.He became a professor in his thirties. 他三十多岁时成为了教授.She died of lung cancer in forties. 她四十来岁时死于肺癌.It was in the 1960s.
那是在二十世纪六十年代.H.基数词的句法功能 基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语.The two happily opened the box.
两个人高兴地打开了盒子.(作主语)I need three altogether.
我总共需要三个.(作宾语)
Four students are playing volleyball outside. 四个学生在外面打排球.(作定语)We are sixteen.
我们是16个人.(作表语)
They three tried to finish the task before sunset.
他们三个人尽力想在日落前完成任务.(作同位语)2.序数词
表示顺序的词称为序数词.序数词的主要形式: A.从第一至第十九
其中,one— first, two— second, three— third, five— fifth,eight—eighth,nine—ninth,twelve— twelfth为特殊形式,其它的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加“th”构成.例如: six— sixth、nineteen— nineteenth. B.从第二十至第九十九
整数第几十的形式由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y为i,再加“eth”构成.twenty——twentieth thirty——thirtieth 表示第几十几时,用几十的基数词形式加上连字符“-”和个位序数词形式一起表示.thirty-first 第三十一 fifty-sixth 第五十六 seventy-third 第七十三 ninety-ninth 第九十九
C.第一百以上的多位序数词
由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示.one hundred and twenty-first 第一百二十一
one thousand,three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十 D.序数词的缩写形式
有时,序数词可以用缩写形式来表示.主要缩写形式有.first——lst second——2nd third——3rd fourth——4th sixth——6th twentieth——20th twenty-third——23rd 其中lst,2nd,3rd为特殊形式,其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th.E.序数词的句法功能
序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语.The second is what I really need. 第二个是我真正需要的.(作主语)He choose the second.
他挑选了第二个.(作宾语)We are to carry out the first plan. 我们将执行第一个计划.(作定语)
She is the second in our class.在我们班她是第二名.(作表语)注:序数词在使用时,通常前面要加定冠词 the;但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时,则表示“再——”,“又——”.We/’ll go over it a second time. 我们得再念第二遍.We/’ve tried it three times.Must we try it a fourth time? 我们已经试过三遍了,还必须试一次(第四次)吗? 另外,基数词也可以表示顺序.只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后即可,不需要添加定冠词.the first lesson——Lesson One the fifth page——Page 5(five)
the twenty-first room——Room 21(twenty-one)
二、时刻表示法
1.表示几点钟用基数词加可以省略的o/’clock 5:00 读作 five o/’clock 或 five 2.表示几点过几分,在分钟后加past,再加小时 five past seven 七点过五分 half past six 六点半
a quarter past eight 八点过一刻
seven past eight 八点过七分 3.表示几点差几分,在分钟后面加to,再加小时 ten to eight 差十分八点(七点五十分)
a quarter to twelve 差一刻十二点(十一点四十五分)twenty to six 差二十分六点(五点四十分)在日常生活中,常用下列简单方法表示时间.以小时、分种为单位分别读出数字.6:31 读作 six thirty-one 10:26 读作 ten twenty-six 14:03 读作 fourteen o three 16:15 读作 sixteen fifteen 18:30 读作 eighteen thirty 23:55 读作 twenty-three fifty-five 注:时刻表上的时间大多采用24小时表示法,这样就不需要用a.m.表示上午,p.m.表示下午了.三、年月表示法
1.世纪可以用定冠词加序数词加世纪century表示,也可以用定冠词加百位进数加/’s表示 the sixth(6th)century 公元六世纪
the eighteenth(18th)century 公元十八世纪 the 1900/’s 二十世纪 the 1600/’s 十七世纪
这里,用百位数整数表示的世纪比这一百位阿拉伯数字本身多一个世纪.2.年代用定冠词及基数词表示的世纪加十位整数的复数形式构成
in the 1930/’s(in the thirties of the twentieth century或 in the nineteen thirties)在二十世纪三十年代
in the 1860/’s(in the sixties of the 19th century或 in the eighteen sixties)在十九世纪六十年代
In the 1870/’s when Marx was already in his fifties,he found it important to study the situation in Russia,so he began to learn Russian.
在十九世纪七十年代当马克思已经五十多岁时,他发现研究俄国的形势很重要,便开始学习俄语.3.表示某年代的早期、中期和晚期,可以在定冠词后,年代前添加 early,mid-,late in the early 1920/’s 在二十世纪二十年代早期 in the mid-1950/’s 在二十世纪五十年代中期 4.年月日表示法
A.年份用基数词表示,一般写为阿拉伯数字,读时可以以hundred为单位,也可以以世纪、年代为单位分别来读.1949 读作 nineteen hundred and forty-nine 或 nineteen forty-nine 1800 读作 eighteen hundred 253 读作 two hundred and fifty-three或two fifty-three 1902 读作 nineteen hundred and two或 nineteen o two 表示在哪一年,一般在年数前加介词in,使用year时,year放在数词之前.in the year two fifty-three B.C.在公元前253年 但是,通常采用in加表示年份的阿拉伯数字.B.月份,在哪个月用介词in加第一个字母大写的月份词表示.例如:in May在五月; in July在七月.为了简便起见,月份与日期连用时,月份常用缩写形式表示.缩写形式除May,June,July外,其它的月份都由其前三个字母表示,但September除外.January——Jan.一月 February——Feb.二月 March——Mar.三月 April——Apr.四月 August——Aug.八月 September——Sept.九月 October——Oct.十月
November——Nov.十一月 December——Dec.十二月
注:这里缩写形式后面加点不能省略,因为它是表示缩写形式的符号.C.日期用定冠词the加序数词表示.在哪一天要添加介词on.National Day is on Oct.1.国庆节是十月一日.(读作 October first)
此句也可以表示为 National Day is on the 1st of October. May 5 五月五日(读作May fifth)也可以表示为the fifth(5th)of May Mar.1(st)三月一日(读作March first或 the first of March)
5.表示不具体、不确切的时间,如世纪、年代、年份、月份时,用介词in表示,表示具体确切的某一天用介词on表示通常情况下morning,afternoon,evening等词前用介词in.但是,当这些词前后有一修饰限定的词作为定语,把它们限定为某一天早晨、下午或晚上时,介词in应改为on.这里的修饰限定词可以是介词短语、名词、形容词、定语从句等.On a cold morning,the old man died lonely in his house. 在一个寒冷的早晨,这个老人孤独地死在自己的房子里.I don/’t want to be disturbed on nights when I have to study. 我不愿意在我必须学习的晚上被打扰.The accident happened on the afternoon of July 7. 这次事故发生在7月7日下午.We are to have a small test on Monday morning. 星期一早晨我们将进行一次小测验.四、加减乘除表示法
1.“加”用plus,and或add表示;“等于”用is,make,equal等词表示.2+3=? 可表示为: How much is two plus three? 2+3=5 Two plus three is five.
Two and three is equal to five. Two and three make five.
Two added to three equals five.
If we add two to/and three, we get five. 二加三等于五
2.“减”用 minus或 take from表示 10-6=? How much is ten minus six? 10-6=4 Ten minus six is four.
Take six from ten and the remainder is four.Six(taken)from ten is four. 十减去六等于四
3.“乘”用time(动词)或multiply表示 3X4=? How much is three times four? 3X4=12 Three times four is/are twelve.
Multiply three by four,we get twelve. Three multiplied by four makes twelve. 三乘以四等于十二
4.“除”用divide的过去分词形式表示 16÷4=? How much is sixteen divided by four? 16÷4=4 Sixteen divided by four is four.
Sixteen divided by four equals/gives/makes four. 十六除以四等于四.五、分数表示法
1.分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的.基数词作分子,序数词作分母,除了分子是“1”以外,其它情况下序数词都要用复数形式.3/4 three fourths或 three quarters 1/3 one third或a third 24/25 twenty-four twenty-fifths 3 1/4 three and one fourth或 three and one quarter 1/2 a half 1/4 one quarter或a quarter 1 1/2 one and a half 1 1/4 one and a quarter 2.当分数后面接名词时,如果分数表示的值大于1,名词用复数;小于1,名词用单数.1 1/2 hours 一个半小时(读作 one and a half hours)3/4 meters 二又四分之三米(读作two and three-fourths meters)4/5 meter 五分之四米 5/6 inch 六分之五英寸
3.表示“n次方”的说法:指数用序数词,底数用基数词.10的7次方 the seventh power of ten(ten to the seventh power)6的10次方 the tenth power of six(six to the tenth power)六、小数表示法
1.小数用基数词来表示,以小数点为界,小数点左首的数字为一个单位,表示整数,数字合起来读;小数点右首的数字为一个单位,表示小数,数字分开来读;小数点读作 point,o读作 zero或o〔ou〕,整数部分为零时,可以省略不读.0.4 zero point four或point four 零点四 10.23 ten point two three 十点二三
25.67 twenty-five point six seven 二十五点六七 l.03 one point o three 一点零三
2.当数字值大于1时,小数后面的名词用复数,数字值小于1时,小数后面的名词用单数.1.03 meters 一点零三米 0.49 ton 零点四九吨 l.5 tons 一点五吨
七、百分数表示法
百分数用基数+percent表示 50% fifty percent 百分之五十 3% three percent 百分之三
0.12% zero point one two percent 百分之零点一二 这里的percent前半部per表示“每一”,cent这一后半部分表示“百”,所以百分之几中percent不用复数形式.八、数量表示法
1.表示长、宽、高、面积等,用基数词+单位词(meter,foot,inch,kilogram等)+ 形容词(long,wide,high等)表示,或者用基数词+单位词 + in + 名词(length, width, height, weight等)表示.two meters long或 two meters in length 2米长 three feet high或 three feet in height 3英尺高 four inches wide或 four inches in width 4英寸宽 This box is 2 kilograms in weight. 这个盒子有两千克重.The city wall of Xi/’an is 12 meters wide and 12 meters high. 西安城墙是12米宽,12米高.2.表示时间、距离时,使用含数词的名词所有格形式作定语.five minutes/’ walk
步行五分钟(的距离)
It/’s an hour/’s ride from my hometown to our university. 从我的家乡到我们大学是乘车一小时的路程.或:从我的家乡到我们大学需要乘车一小时.It/’s three kilometers/’ distance from our campus to the Bell Tower.从我们校园到钟楼有三公里远.3.表示温度时,用below zero表示零下温度,温度用基数词+degree(s)+单位词(centigrade摄氏或Fahrenheit华氏)表示.thirty-six degrees centigrade或 36℃ 摄氏 36度
four degrees below zero centigrade或-4℃ 摄氏零下4度 Water freezes at thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit. 水在华氏三十二度时结冰.Water boils at one hundred degrees centigrade. 水在摄氏一百度时沸腾.这里的单位词在人们都很清楚是什么度量制度时,可以省略.You are 37℃.(读作 thirty-seven degrees)你是三十七度.(摄氏)
It/’s seven degrees below zero. 今天是零下七度.(摄氏)
4.由数词和其他名词构成的名词性短语作定语时,其中的名词用单数形式,名词性短语中各部分间要用连字符“-”来连接.It/’s a five-minute walk from the library to the playground. 从图书馆到操场需要走五分钟.She/’s a sixteen-year-old girl. 她是个十六岁的女孩.5.表示“比···大(或)几倍”的说法.This room is two times bigger than that one. 这个房间比那个(房间)大两倍.The dictionary is four times thicker than that book. 这本词典比那本书厚四倍.My age is two times older than his. 我的年龄比他大两倍
第四篇:数词小结
数词
数词:基数词,序数词,分数
一、数词的分类 数词主要分为基数词和序数词两类。1.基数词 表示数目的词称为基数词。其形式如下:
A.从1——10: one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten. B.从11-19: eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen.
这里除 eleven,twelve,thirteen,fifteen,eighteen为特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。
C.从 21——99:整数几十中除twenty,thirty, forty,fifty,eighty为特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时,在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-” ①21 twenty-one ② 76 seventy-six D.百位数:1-9基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and. 101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eight E.千位数以上:从数字的右端向左端数起,每三位数加一个逗号“,”。从右开始,第一个“,”前的数字后添加 thousand,第二个“,”前面的数字后添加 million,第三个“,”前的数字后添加 billion。然后一节一节分别表示,两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。①2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight。
②16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four.③5,237,166,234 five billion,two hundred and thirty-seven million,one hundred and sixty-six thousand,two hundred and thirty-four ★★F.基数词在表示确切的数字时,要用百、千、百万、十亿的单数形式;但是,当基数词表示不确切数字,如成百、成千上万,三三两两时,则以复数形式出现。four hundred boys There are hundreds of people in the hall. They went to the theatre in twos and threes.
注:several+ hundred/thousand/million /billion+复数名词 eg:There are several hundred students.G.表示人的不确切岁数或年代,用几十的复数形式表示。1)表年龄: in one’s + 整十的复数,表示在某人几十岁时
①He became a professor in his thirties.他三十多岁时成为了教授 ②在他四十岁时: ___ 2)表示年代: in the + 年份的复数,在几世纪几十年代.It was in the 1960s.那是在二十世纪六十年代。
H.基数词的句法功能
基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。
The two happily opened the box.(作主语)I need three altogether.(作宾语)Four students are playing volleyball outside.(作定语)We are sixteen.(作表语)They three tried to finish the task before sunset.(作同位语)2.序数词:表示顺序的词称为序数词。序数词的主要形式:
A.从第一至第十九:其中,one— first,two— second,three— third,five— fifth,eight—eighth,nine—ninth,twelve— twelfth为特殊形式,其它的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加“th”构成。例如: six— sixth、nineteen— nineteenth. B.从第二十至第九十九:
整数第几十的形式由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y为i,再加“eth”构成。twenty——twentieth thirty——thirtieth 第四十 第五十
表示第几十几时,用几十的基数词形式加上连字符“-”和个位序数词形式一起表示。thirty-first 第三十一 fifty-sixth 第五十六 seventy-third 第七十三 ninety-ninth 第九十九 C.第一百以上的多位序数词:由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。one hundred and twenty-first 第一百二十一;one thousand,three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十
D.序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。主要缩写形式有。first——lst second——2nd third——3rd fourth——4th sixth——6th twentieth——20th twenty-third——23rd 注:lst,2nd,3rd为特殊形式,其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。E.序数词的句法功能:序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。
The second is what I really need.(作主语)He choose the second.(作宾语)We are to carry out the first plan.(作定语)She is the second in our class.(作表语)★序数词前常要加定冠词 the;但若序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时,则表示“再一”“又一”。
We’ve tried it three times.Must we try it a fourth time? 我们已经试过三遍了还必须试一次(第四次)吗?
▲表编号 结构:名词(首字母要大写)+ 基数词 = the +序数词 +名词
Lesson One = the first lesson the fifth page=Page 5(five)the twenty-first room=Room 21(twenty-one)★
二、时刻表示法
1.表示几点钟用基数词可以加o`clock,也可省略:5:00 读作 five o`clock 或 five 2.表示几点过几分,在分钟后加past,再加小时
eg: five past seven 七点过五分 half past six 六点半 a quarter past eight 八点过一刻 3.表示几点差几分,在分钟后面加to,再加小时
ten to eight 差十分八点(七点五十分)a quarter to twelve 差一刻十二点(十一点四十五分)
差二十分六点
4.在日常生活中,以小时、分种为单位分别读出数字:
读作 ten twenty-six 14:03 读作 fourteen o three 18:30 读作 eighteen thirty 23:55 读作
注:时刻表上的时间大多采用24小时表示法,这样就不需要用a.m.表上午,p.m.表下午了。
三、年月表示法
1.世纪=定冠词+序数词+century表示,也可以用定冠词+百位进数+`s表示
the sixth/6th century=the 500’s 公元六世纪 the 1900`s 二十世纪 the 1600`s 十七世纪 2.年代用定冠词+基数词+十位整数的所有格或复数形式构成
in the 1930`s/in the 1930s(in the thirties of the twentieth century或 in the nineteen thirties)在二十世纪三十年代;在十九世纪六十年代
3.表示某年代的早期、中期和晚期,可以在定冠词后,年代前添加 early,mid-,late in the early 1920`s 在二十世纪二十年代早期 in the mid-1950`s 在二十世纪五十年代中期 4.年月日表示法
A.年份用基数词表示,一般为阿拉伯数字:
1949 读作 nineteen hundred and forty-nine 或 nineteen forty-nine 1800 读作 eighteen hundred 1902 读作 nineteen hundred and two或 nineteen o two ★表示在哪一年,一般在年数前加介词in,eg: in 2012 在2012年
使用year时,year放在数词之前in the year two hundred fifty-three B.C.在公元前253年 B.月份,在哪个月,用介词in加第一个字母大写的月份词:例如:in May在五月; 月份常用缩写形式表示:缩写形式除May,June,July外,其它的月份都由其前三个字母表示,但September除外。January—Jan. February—Feb. March—Mar.April—Apr.
August—Aug. September—Sept. October—Oct. November—Nov. December—Dec. 注:这里缩写形式后面加点不能省略
C.日期 在具体哪一天要添加介词on。更多资料QQ378459309制作:
National Day is on Oct.1.(October first也可以表示为 National Day is on the 1st of October.)
May 5(th)五月五日(读作May fifth)也可以表示为the fifth(5th)of May
Mar.1(st)(读作March first或 the first of March)
★★注:通常情况下morning,afternoon,evening等词前用介词in。但是,当这些词前后有一修饰限定的词作为定语,把它们限定为某一天早晨、下午或晚上时,介词应改为on。这里的修饰限定词可以是介词短语、名词、形容词、定语从句等。On a cold morning,the old man died lonely in his house.
The accident happened on the afternoon of July 7./ We are to have a small test on Monday morning. ★
四、分数表示法.1).结构: a).分子用基数词,分母用序数词.b).当分子大于1时,分母加复数.3/4 three fourths或 three quarters 1/3 one third或a third 1/2 a half = one second 1 1/2 one and a half 2).注意: a).当分数后面接可数名词时,如果分数表示的值大于1,名词用复数;<1,名词用单数。1 1/2 hours 一个半小时(读作 one and a half hours)4/5 meter 五分之四米 2 3/4 mete rs 二又四分之三米(读作two and three-fourths meters)★b).分数词作主语时, 谓语动词根据分数词后面的名词来确定.Two fifths of the milk ______(be)drunk by Tom.One third of the students _______(be)girls.五、小数表示法
1.小数用基数词来表示,小数点读作 point,o读作 zero或o[ou],整数部分为零时,可以省略不读。
0.4 zero point four或point four 零点四 10.23 ten point two three 十点二三 25.67 twenty-five point six seven 二十五点六七 l.03 one point o three 一点零三
2.当数字值大于1时,小数后面的名词用复数,数字值小于1时,小数后面的名词用单数。1.03 meters 一点零三米 0.49 ton 零点四九吨 l.5 tons 一点五吨
六、百分数表示法 : 百分数=基数+percent表示 这里的percent不用复数形式。50% fifty percent 3% three percent 0.12% zero point one two percent
七、数量表示法
1.表示长、宽、高、面积等: 用基数词+单位词(meter,foot,inch,kilogram等)+ 形容词(long,wide,high等)表示,或者用基数词+单位词 + in + 名词(length,width,height,weight等)表示。two meters long或 two meters in length 2米长 three feet high或 three feet in height 3英尺高
2.表示温度时,用below zero表示零下温度,温度=基数词+degree(s)+单位词(centigrade摄氏)表示。thirty-six degrees centigrade或 36℃ four degrees below zero centigrade或-4℃ 摄氏零下4度
这里的单位词在人们都很清楚是什么度量制度时,可以省略。It’s seven degrees below zero. 今天是零下七度。(摄氏)
★3.表示时间、距离时,使用含数词的名词所有格形式作定语。
five minutes` walk 步行五分钟(的距离)one kilometer’s distance 一公里远。★4.数词加名词单数构成的短语,短语中间要用连字符“-”来连接,作定语修饰名词 It’s a five-minute walk from the library to the playground. She’s a sixteen-year-old girl.
八、特殊用法
★1.数词作主语,谓语动词用单数。如: Two months is quite a long time. Four and two is six.What’s two and three?
2.一个半小时(一年半,一个半月可类推)one/an hour and a half =one and a half hours
第五篇:初中英语—数词
初中英语—数词
数词分为基数词和序数词两种。表示数目或数量多少的词叫基数词;表示数目顺序的词叫序数词。
一.基数词
1.基数词就注意以下几点:
(1)几十几的基数词的十位数与个位数之间要用连字符“-”连接。如:
eighty-five 85
twenty-six 26
(2)三位数的基数词须在百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间用and连接。如:three hundred and sixty-five 365
two hundred and six 206
(3)基数词的复数形式。当基数词hundred, thousand, million, billion等词前有具体数词或several修饰时,必须用单数。如:
several hundred year’s ago几百年前
two thousand students两千个学生
2.基数词的特殊用法:
(1)表示“几十年代”或“几十岁”时,用逢十的基数词的复数形式。如:
in the 1990’s 20世纪90年代
in one’s twenties在某人20多岁时
(2)用在习语中。如:
in twos and threes三三两两地
二.序数词
序数词应注意的几点事项:
1.多位数的基数词变成序数词时,只需将末位基数词变成序数词,前边的基数词不变。如:forty-two 42 forty-second第42
nine-hundred 900 nine-hundredth第900
2.当序数词用阿拉伯数字表示时,必须在数字后加上序数词的最后两个字母。如:21st第21
32nd第32
3.序数词前一般要用定冠词the,如果序数词前用a或an时,则表示“又一;再一”(没有具体范围的限制)。如:
Though he had failed twice, he wanted to try a third time.尽管他已失败了两次,他还想再试一次。
The little monkey had had three apples, and he wanted to eat a fourth one.那只小猴子已经吃了3个苹果,他还想再吃一个。
三.分数和百分数
1.分数
(1)分数的分子用基数词,分母用序数词。如:
one fifth五分之一
one tenth十分之一
(2)当分子大于1时,分母用序数词的复数。如:
two thirds三分之二
five eighths八分之五
(3)当分子是1时,可以用one也可以用a。如:
a second = one second
a third = one third
(4)当分母是2和4时,分别可以用half和quarter代替。如:
a half二分之一
three quarters四分之三
2.百分数
百分数用percent表示。如:
forty percent百分之四十
three percent百分之三
3.分数、百分数与主谓一致
分数、百分数的考查往往和主谓一致相联系。当分数、百分数修饰可数名词的复数时,谓语动词用复数形式;当分数、百分数修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:Eighty percent of the students in our school come from Henan.我们学校百分之八十的学生来自河南。
Three fourths of the students in my class are interested in English.我们班四分之三的学生对英语感兴趣。
Two thirds of the water on the earth is sea water.地球上三分之二的水是海水。
四.倍数的表示法
1.表示“几倍大小(长短;数量)”,由“倍数+ the size(length, amount...)”结构组成。如:The earth is forth-nine times the size of the moon.2.表示“……比……大几倍”,由“倍数+形容词(副词)比较级+ than +被比较部分”结构组成。如:
This box is three times bigger than that one.3.表示“……是……倍”,由“倍数+ as +形容词+ as +被比较部分”结构组成。如:Our factory is twice as big as theirs.练习※答案
()1.Lincoln was born on ________.A.February 12, 1809B.1809, February 12C.1809, 12 FebruaryD.February 1809,12
()2.A _______ boy can sing the English song very well.A.ten-year-oldB.ten years oldC.ten-year-oldD.fifth years old
()3.An hour later, _____ minister was sent to see the “magic cloth” woven by those two men.A.twoB.the secondC.the twoD.second
()4.Abraham Lincoln was _______ President of the United States.A.16B.the 16C.16thD.the 16th
()5.Do you think there is any room for us ________ ?
A.twoB.the twoC.secondD.the second
()6.How many students are there in your class?
________.A.Twenty nineB.Thirty and twoC.Forty-fiveD.fifties
()7.Which number is wrong? _______.A.NinetyB.NinteenC.NinthD.Nineteenth
()8.The People's Liberation Army was founded _______.A.on August 1, 1927B.in 1927, 1 AugustC.on August 1st, 1927D.in August 1, 1927
()9.The number 4,123 is read _______.A.four thousand one hundred and twenty-threeB.four thousand and one hundred twenty-three
C.four thousand and a hundred and twenty-threeD.four thousands a hundred and twenty-three
()10.The old professor still works hard though he is _________.A.in his sixtyB.in his sixtiesC.in sixtiesD.in the sixty
()11.This classroom is ________ ours.A.three times big asB.as three times big asC.three times as big asD.as big three times as
()12.The basketball team of our school ranks ________ in the match.A.threeB.thirdC.the threeD.the third
()13.Which is the car that he drives? It's ________.A.fifty twoB.the fifty-two carsC.the car fifty fourD.the fifty-fourth car
()14.Which of the following is wrong? ________.A.He is a fifteen-year-old boy.B.He is at the age of 15.C.He is a boy of 15.D.He is fifteen year old.()15.Our school is not very big.There are only ________ students.A.nine hundreds ofB.nine hundredC.nine hundredsD.nine hundred of
()16.How many new words are there in ________ lesson?
There are only _________.A.five;fifthB.fifth;fiveC.the fifth;the fiveD.the fifth;five
()17.________, Coca-Cola began to enter China's market.A.In 1970'sB.In 1970sC.In the 1970s'D.In the 1970s
()18.There was no bus in that small town.We had a ________.A.ten miles walkB.ten-mile walkC.ten mile's walkD.tenth mile walk
()19.Today is the first day and ________.A.Tuesday is fourthB.Thursday is the fourthC.second is Tuesday D.a second is Thursday
()20.Which room do you live in? ________.A.The 201 RoomB.Room 201C.Room 201stD.The 201's Room
()21.How many magazines do you have? I have ________.A.twoB.bothC.twiceD.the second
()22.Three hundred thousand one hundred and seventy means ________.A.3,170B.3,117C.300,170D.30,170
()23.On May ________, ________ people traveled round the country.A.the first, millionsB.the first, millions ofC.first, the millionthD.first, millions
()24.________ of them are dining at school.A.TwelveB.TwelfthC.The twelveD.the 12th
()25.It's 7:17 is read ________.A.seven and seventeenB.seven sevenC.seven one sevenD.seven seventeen
()26.Four ________ two is two.A.plusB.minusC.timesD.divided by
()27.Three ________ five is eight.A.plusB.minusC.timesD.divided by
()28.Three ________ seven is twenty-one.A.plusB.minusC.timesD.divided by
()29.Forty-two ________ seven is six.A.plusB.minusC.timesD.divided by
()30.There are ________ days in a year.A.three hundred sixty and fiveB.three hundred and sixty-five
C.three hundreds and sixty-fiveD.three hundred sixty-five
()31.There are ________ students in that school.A.two thousand eight-sixB.two thousand eighty-six
C.two thousand and eighty-sixD.two thousands and eighty-six
()32.It took me ________ to get there.A.two hours and a halfB.two hours and half
C.two hour and a halfD.two hour and half
()33.September is _________ month of the year.A.the ninethB.the ninthC.ninethD.ninth
()34.Please pass me _______ book on the left.A.thirdB.threeC.the thirdD.the three
()35.________ is a very tall boy.A.The twelveB.The twelvethC.The twelfethD.The twelfth
()36.We have known each other for ________.A.a year and halfB.a year with halfC.a year and a halfD.a year with a half
()37.“What year is it?”
“It's ________.”
A.nineteen hundred and ninety-sevenB.nineteen and ninety-seven
C.nineteen ninety and sevenD.nineteen ninety-seven
()38.“What's the date today?”
“It's _________.”
A.TuesdayB.June FourthC.June the fourD.June the fourth
()39.The train from Shanghai will arrive ________.A.in quarter past sixB.in a quarter past sixC.at quarter past sixD.at a quarter past six
()40.My friend was born on _________.A.three of July, 1979B.the third of July,1979
C.1979, July the thirdD.1979, the third of July
()41.________ is less than ________.A.One-third;two-thirdsB.One-third;two-third
C.First-three;first-threesD.One-third;one-three
()42.Which lesson did you learn yesterday? ________.A.Lesson SevenB.Lesson seventhC.The 7 LessonD.7 Lesson
()43.“What's the date today?” “It's _______.”
A.the fourth of mayB.the fourth MayC.May fourD.May the fourth
()44.334 is read ________.A.three hundreds and thirty fourB.three hundreds thirty four
C.three hundred and thirty fourthD.three hundred and thirty-four
()45.In February, there are only _________ days.A.twenty nineB.twenty-ninethC.twenty-nineD.twenty eight
()46.There will be a comedy on TV at ________ this evening.A.seven past thirtyB.half past sevenC.seven the thirtyD.thirty to seven
()47.It took me ________ to find out the key to the drawer.A.one and half hoursB.one and a half hoursC.one and a half hourD.one and half hour
()48.I'm so tired after ________ walk.A.three hoursB.three hours'C.three hour'sD.three hour
()49.There are ________ stars in the sky.A.million ofB.millions ofC.the millionD.a million of
()50.the street is ________ wide.A.two metersB.two meterC.the two meterD.a two meter
Key:
1.A2.C3.B4.D5.A6.C7.B8.A9.A10.B11.C12.D13.D14.D15.B16.D17.D18.B19.B20.B21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.B27.A28.C29.D30.B31.C32.A33.B34.C35.D36.C37.D38.D39.D40.B41.A42.A43.D44.D45.C46.B47.B48.B49.B50.A