第一篇：英语单项知识的讲解与练习(120)
英语单项知识的讲解与练习（120）
596.earn的用法
earnvt.赚；挣得；获利；赢得；获得 例句：
①He has earned a lot of money in this month.这个月他已经赚了好多钱了。
②He works hard, but he does not earn much money.他工作很努力，但钱赚得不多。
③How does she earn her living?她靠什么谋生？
④His skill in negotiating earned him a reputation as a shrewd tactician.他的谈判技巧使他赢得了精明战略家的名声。
⑤It has taken years to earn their trust.花了好多年才赢得他们的信任。
短语：earn one’s living=make a living 谋生;earn money= make money 挣钱;earn a good reputation 赢得一个好名声;earn sb.sth赢得某人某物；earn by 用…博得；earn by hard labour 靠辛勤劳动挣来的；earn by sweat and toil 靠血汗而挣得的；earn for sb 为某人博得；earn with 用…挣得；
用法：①earn可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时接名词或代词作宾语。
②earn作“使得到,使赢得”解时,其后还可跟双宾语,其间接宾语也可转化为介词for的宾语。
辨析: earn 侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价，有功而获得。obtain 着重指通过巨大努力、要求得到所需或盼望已久的东西。
acquire书面用语，强调通过不断地、持续地努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地获得。
get一般用语，使用较广。可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。
gain侧重指经过努力或有意识的行动而取得某种成就，或指获得某种利益或好处。练习：
①The day I discovered that the good name my parents had_____ brought our whole family the respect of our neighbours.A.earned
B.deserved
C.given
D.Used ②He earned scarcely enough to keep _____ together.A.body and heart B.body and soul C.heart and soul D.body and brain ③---How do you spend your weekend?---I usually earn _____ for working.A.money
B.salary
C.wages
D.extra ④In China, the majority of men earn their living by manual ______.A.labour
B.task
C.job
D.work ⑤The European’s wonderful performance _____ him a gold medal.A.made B.gained C.earned D.obtained
597.ease的用法
easen.安逸；舒适;v.减轻（痛苦，忧虑）；缓和；放松 例句：
①He passed the test with ease.他轻而易举地考及格了。
②He is expected to win the game with ease.预计他在比赛中会轻易获胜。
③The pain began to ease up after she was given a sedative.给她吃了一片镇痛药后,她的疼痛开始减轻。
④It would ease my mind to know where he was.要知道他在哪儿我就放心了。
短语：at ease 感到舒适而无忧虑；感到放松，不拘束;with ease 毫不费劲地，轻而易举地;be ill at ease 局促不安, 心神不宁；put sb.at his ease 使某人宽心;set sb.'s heart at ease 使安心, 安慰某人；social ease 毫不拘束, 态度自然；stand at ease(口令)稍息； take one's ease 休息, 悠闲；ease from care 无忧无虑；ease of mind 心情舒畅；ease oneself into a chair 慢慢地坐到椅子上；ease sb of 使某人舒适〔安心〕,减轻(痛苦,忧虑等)；ease sb of the pain 消除痛苦；ease sb of his purse 抢人钱包；ease sb of his troubles 消除某人的烦恼；
用法：①ease可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时常接名词或代词作宾语,主语可以是人,也可以是物/事物。
②ease用作不及物动词时,主语多为物。有时主动形式含有被动意义。练习：(1).完成句子
①听说孩子们都很安全，她才放心。
Her mind ___________ knowing that the children were safe.②她不断练习奏鸣曲直到熟练为止。
She practiced until she could play the sonata___________.(2).单项填空：
①He felt completely _____ ease _____ Mary.A.at;with B.at;to C.with;with D.to;to ②Every Monday morning, all the teachers and students in our school stand at ____ as our national flag is raised.A.attention B.attentions
C.at ease D.attentively ③The old couple are now quite
as their son is out of danger.A.at least B.at last
C.at risk
D.at ease ④—How was your interview with the famous basketball player-Yao Ming? —I was quite nervous at first, but his warm smile put me
.A.in action B.at easeC.on work D.on watch
598.educate的用法
educate教育。例句：
①It is not easy to educate teenagers.教育青少年不是件容易的事。②An educator must first educate himself.教育者必须自己先受教育。③He tried to educate his wife's taste in literature.他试图培养他太太对文学的爱好。
④Teachers educate students to protect themselves.老师训练学生自我保护。
短语：be educated at school/ for the army 在学校受教育、受过军人教育；be educated at/ in/ for/ to be在某处读书/在某方面受教育；educate sb to do sth教育某人做某事；educate at Oxford University 在牛津大学受教育；educate for 学(某学科)；educate for the law 学法律；educate sb from a profession 培养某人从事某事业；educate in England 在英国受教育；educate on the subject of 进行…的主题教育；educate to 使…教育成为；
用法：①educate既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,一般接人作宾语,也可接以不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。②educate在表示“培养某人从事某职业”时,职业前介词多用for,且常用于be ～ed结构;在表示“在某方面训练某人”时,常用介词in。③educate可用于被动结构。练习：
①The ___ would rather ___ a lot of money for the ___ abroad nowadays, which seems important to them.A.education;pay;educate
B.educated;pay;education
C.educated;spend;educationD.educated;to pay;education ②My brother ___ at a technical college now.A.educates
B.is educating
C.is educated
D.educate ③He is an ___ young man in our village.A.educate
B.educating
C.educates
D.educated ④My father often educates me ___ English well.A.to learn
B.learning
C.learned
D.learns
599.fundamental 的用法
fundamental(adj)基础的、根本的、重要的； 例句：
①For something fundamental has changed in Venezuela.因为在委内瑞拉，有一些基本的东西已经改变了。
②Trial by the jury is a fundamental right.有陪审团陪同审判是一项基本的权利。
③The fundamental things are also going on.基础建设也在进行当中。④In all cases the same fundamental principles apply.但在任何情况下基本原理是相同的。
短语：fundamental law基本定律；fundamental operation基本作业；fundamental solution基本解；fundamental constant基本常数；fundamental equation基本方程式；fundamental construction基本建设；fundamental unit基本单位；fundamental research基础研究； 用法：fundamental 作名词常用复数，后接of，表示“„„的要点”。如：If the boys are going to camp for 10 days, they’ll need to know the fundamentals of cooking.作形容词，后接to，表示“对„„是基本的”。如：Fresh air is fundamental to good health.练习：
①The computer revolution may well change society as ______ as did the Industrial Revolution.A.certainly B.insignificantly C.fundamentally D.comparatively ②This year our university does not have any _______ to continue the international student exchange program.A.function B.fundamental C.funeral D.funds ③Mark is always diligent in his studies because he firmly believes that hard work is _____to success.A.fictional B.fundamentalC.functional D.fashionable ④Your job here is only _____, for you will be removed from it when we have a proper post for you.A.permanent B.compulsoryC.temporary D.fundamental ⑤It is wise to put milk on a shelf close to the bottom because it is especially_____to temperature changes.A.flexible B.fundamentalC.sensitive D.positive
600.furniture 的用法
furniture 家具；设备，装置；床罩； 例句：
①We will buy some furniture for our new house.我们得给我们的新房子买些家具。
②This old table is a valuable piece of furniture.这张旧桌子是一件很珍贵的家具。
③The antique furniture was made in 1700.这件古老的家具是1700年制造的。
④Children's furniture must withstand kicks and blows.孩子用的家具必须经得起拳打脚踢。
⑤Cretonne can be used for furniture covers and curtains.印花棉布能被用来做家具套和窗帘。
短语：used furniture 旧家具；wooden furniture 木制家具；hardwood furniture 硬木家具；kitchen furniture 厨房用具,炊具；office furniture 办公用具；a piece of furniture 一件家具；a set of furniture 一套家具；a suite of furniture 一套家具；an article of furniture 一件家具； 用法： furniture作不可数名词，统指家具，不带定冠词，也无复数形式，表示家具的件数用piece, article 或bit；表示家具的套数用 set 或suite。如：I bought two pieces of furniture yesterday.练习：
①Most people say that the new film is a ______.A.mystery B.smart C.furniture D.custom ②After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide _____for the homeless families.A.occupation B.furnitureC.equipment D.accommodation ③Beds, chairs, tables and desks are ______.A.furnitures B.furniture
C.a piece of furniture D.articles of furnitures ④This old French table is a very valuable piece of _____.A.occupation B.furnitureC.equipment D.accommodation ⑤The man decided to buy ___.A.many furnitures
B.furnitures
C.a piece of furniture
D.a furniture
⑥They bought a new house and ___, and soon moved in.A.some furnitures
B.a furniture
C.a lot of furniture
D.many furnitures
⑦His work is ___ furniture for others.A.remove
B.to remove
C.removing
D.removed ⑧After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide_____for the homeless families.A.occupation B.furnitureC.equipment D.accommodation Keys: 596.ACDAC 597.(1).①was at ease ②with ease(2).AADB 598.BCDA 599.CDBCC 600.ADBBCCBD
第二篇：英语单项知识的讲解与练习(99)
英语单项知识的讲解与练习（99）
491.complete的用法
complete完全的、彻底的、完结的、完成、结束。例句：
①We'll certainly set up a complete modern industrial system.我们一定要建立一个完整的现代化工业体系。
②When the experiment is complete, include your findings in a report.试验完成後,请把结果写入报告。
③By their joint efforts they managed to complete the project on time.他们通过共同努力总算按时完成了计划。
④A second child would complete their family.第二个孩子使他们的家更加完美了。
短语： complete doing something 完成某事；He is a complete stranger to me.我根本不认识他；be complete with 包括、连同；completely 完全地；complete in… 算完整；complete with 配有全部…的；complete without 不包括,没有…在内；
用法：①complete作形容词时,基本意思是“完整的”“完全的”“彻底的”,指从量上来考虑“完全”,有完结、无可复加的意思;也可表示“完成的”“结束的”,指完成既定的或预定的任务;还可表示“完美的”“圆满的”,强调整体,只修饰单数名词,尤其是抽象名词。②complete在句中可用作定语、表语或补语。
③complete作“完全的”解时,无比较级和最高级,也不可用more和very修饰。作“完整的”“全部的”解时,可用于比较级more complete和最高级most complete。
④complete作“彻底的”解时，只用作定语。
⑤complete是及物动词,接名词或动名词作简单宾语,可用于被动结构。
比较：(1)、complete 完毕、完成，指具体某一工程建筑或某一部书的完成，强调完成、完毕的全过程，带有完美无缺之意。如：The building will be completed by the end of next month.finish 完结、结束，强调做某事动作结束，主语一般是人，否则要用被动式。如：I have finished the book.end 结束，强调某事的终止时间而不考虑内容是否完成，常用于讲话、会议、演说、战争等。如：His speech ended at three o’clock.(2)、complete 作形容词时，有完结无可再加的意味。如： The Complete Works of Shakespeare has been translated into Chinese.whole全部的、完全的，有各部分完整无缺的含义。如：The whole nation is plunged into deep sorrow at the news.练习：
①By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ___ in Beijing.A.would be completed
B.was being completed
C.has been completed
D.had been completed
②All the preparations for the task ___, and we’re ready to start.A.completed
B.complete
C.had been completed
D.have been completed
③His speech at the meeting ___ at last and we were disappointed left the hall.A.finished
B.completed
C.ended up
D.ended ④The boy ____ doing his homework at nine o’clock last night.A.finished
B.completed
C.ended up
D.ended
492.compromise的用法
compromisevi.作出妥协,让步；vt.损害名誉;危急;连累；n.[U][C]妥协；和解；让步 例句：
①He did it without compromise of his dignity.他做这事而不损及他的尊严。
②The agreement is a compromise, not a sell-out.这个协议是双方妥协的产物而不是一方让步。③Build the disorder
that
does
not
have
the
market to compromise project quality forthrightly.建没市场的混乱直接地危害工程质量。
④They found it wiser to compromise with her.他们觉得与她妥协更明智。
短语：reach/arrive at/work out a compromise 达成妥协；make a compromise with与„„妥协；compromise among evils 在各种弊病中妥协；compromise sth by one's own folly 由于自己愚蠢而损害自己的(名声)；compromise in 在…上妥协；compromise in matter of faith and conscience 拒绝在信仰和良心问题上妥协；compromise on 就…达成妥协；compromise on certain items 就某些项目达成妥协；compromise over 就…达成妥协；compromise over conditions 对条件取得和解；compromise with 与…妥协；compromise with sb about sth 与某人就某事和解；compromise with sb on sth 在某事上和某人妥协；compromise with sb over sth 在某事上和某人妥协；compromise with principle 违背原则；
用法：①compromise常与介词with搭配，而不与to搭配。②compromise用作及物动词时,意思是“连累,危害,损害”。可接名词或代词作宾语,如名誉等。可用于被动结构。
③compromise用作不及物动词时,意思是“折中解决”,常与介词with搭配,表示“向某人妥协”。
④compromise用作动词或名词时，常与介词on, between搭配。compromise的宾语是人，负面的意义是“损害某人的正直形象”、“拉某人下水”、“使某人不得不勉强做某事”（也是瞬时动作）。如：He vowed not to be lured into any associations that might compromise him.他立誓不会被引诱参加任何可能损害他形象的团体。
练习：
①If we all agree to make ______ with each otherwhen we are in disputes, wars are forever gone and we are surely live in peace.A.adjustment
B.compromiseC.promise
D.acquaintance ②In real life,it’s nothing harmful to make a(n)_____and readily accept others’ opinions.A.acquaintance B.adjustment
C.contact
D.compromise
③As the quality of the city’s air continues to give rise to _____, the residents are encouraged to set off fewer fireworks.A.descriptions B.compromise
C.concerns D.emergency ④Progress has been made towards a political _____between the two nations.A.composition B.compromise
C.promise
D.commerce
493.concern的用法
concern涉及、使关心。例句：
①Hardly a whisper of concern has been voiced.没有人表示过一点点的关心。
②Provision of shelter was their main concern for the disaster victims.为灾民提供避难处是他们最关切的事。
③The theory of relativity is concerned with two seemingly opposite ideas.相对论涉及两个似乎对应的概念。
④As a rule this concerns only part of the whole terminator通常这只是影响地界线的一部分。
短语：show concern for somebody 对某人表示关心；be concerned about/ for 关心、挂念；be concerned with/ in something参与、与某事有关；concern oneself about/ in/ with关心、忙于；concern somebody 跟某人有关、涉及；concerning
prep.关于;concerned
adj.有关的；担心的;be concerned with sth.牵涉，与„„有关；参与;be concerned about/for/over sth.担心；关心某事;as/so far as...be concerned关于；至于；就„„而言;
用法：①concern作“与…有关”解时是及物动词,接名词、代词或名词从句作宾语。可用于被动结构。
②concern作“担心”“挂念”解时,主语一般是人,常与介词about, for或over连用。
③concern常与指人的反身代词连用,表示“关心,关注”，其后常接介词about, in或with。
④concern后可接由that, where或how等关系代词引导的从句。⑤concern的过去分词concerned在句中常作后置定语。
⑥so far as...is/are concerned，as far as...is/are concerned，so far as concerns和as concerns都是“就...而言”的意思。注意后两种表达中concerns用复数不用单数； 练习：
①She showed great concern ___ her daughter.A.in
B.to
C.for
D.at ②This murderer ___ them deeply.A.concerns B.is concerned C.is concerning D.was concerned ③The child’s mother was very ___ for his safety when he didn’t come back from school at the usual time.A.afraid
B.worried
C.concerned
D.careful
④The meeting was concerned ___ reforms and everyone present was concerned ___ their own interests.A.with;for
B.with;with
C.for;about
D.about;with ⑤The meeting was concerned _____ reforms and everyone present was concerned _____ their own interests.A.with;for B.for;which C.for;about
D.about;with(2).用concern的适当形式填空
①There is an article that _____ the rise of the prices.②The children are rather _____ about their mother’s health.③Officials should _____ themselves _____ public affairs.494.enlarge 的用法
enlarge(vt)扩大； 例句：
①I planned to enlarge this photograph我计划放大这张照片。②We must enlarge our views by reading.我们必须以读书来增长见识。③I needn't enlarge upon this matter;you all know my views.我不需要详述此事;你们都知道我的意见。
短语：enlarge by reading以读书来开阔眼界;enlarge from the original根据原件放大;enlarge on〔upon〕详述,扩大,扩张;enlarge on the facts详细讲那些事实;enlarge on the matter详述此事;enlarge on one's opinions详述意见;enlarge on the work继承事业;enlarge to 1500 pages扩充到1500页;an enlarged meeting扩大会议；
用法：enlarge可作及物动词和不及物动词使用,作不及物动词时,后接on或upon,可表示详述某事;如： I should like to enlarge a bit on this point.用作及物动词时后接名词或代词作宾语。enlarge可用于被动结构。练习：
①The republication of the poet’s most recentworks will certainly ____ his national reputation.A.magnify
B.enlarge
C.strengthen
D.enhance ②He checked carefully to _______ the possible errors in his design.A.eliminate B.exceed C.enlarge D.vibrate ③Human knowledge has greatly ___ in the last 30 years which enables people to achieve more and live more comfortably.A.enlarged B.expanded
C.enhanced D.amplified ④Please ___ a radio signal.A.amplified B.expanded C.enhanced D.enlarged ⑤We must ___ our views by reading.A.amplify B.magnify
C.enhance
D.enlarge ⑥Mother asked someone to ___ the kitchen.A.amplify B.magnify C.enhance D.enlarge ⑦By turning this knob to the right you can ___amplify_____ the sound from the radio.A.intensify
B.amplify
C.enlarge
D.reinforce
495.error的用法
error错误、差错； 例句：
①He overlooked a spelling error on the first page.他没有看出第一页中有个拼写错误。
②An alert listener will have noticed the error.耳朵尖的人能听出这个错。
③Every man is liable to error.人人都可能犯错误。
④The accident was caused by human error.这宗事故是人为过失造成的。
⑤Human error invoked the disaster.人的过失带来灾难。
短语：be/ stand in error弄错了的、错误地； by error错误地； make/ commit an error犯错误； error in„„上的错误、误差； fall into error犯错误、入歧途；error in calculation计算错误;error in diction选词错误;error of judgement判断错误;用法：①error指违犯既定标准和规范而造成的“错误,过失”,而且会因此遭受严厉的责备。
②error不带冠词，前接in，可作表语或状语。如： You are in error about her age./ You have written “bed” for “bad” in error.(错把bed写成 bad)；
练习：
①People who buy cars, furniture, etcthrough the rent-purchase system are _______ until they have completed their payments.A.in danger
B.in effect
C.in debt
D.in error
②As a girl Mary was vain, and this _____ in her character led to her ruin in later life.A.error
B.mistake
C.defect
D.vacancy ③Before they left the factory, all the cars were carefully tested for _______.A.defects B.flaws
C.faults
D.errors
④His wife is constantly finding _____with him, which makes him very angry.A.errors
B.shortcomings
C.fault
D.flaw ⑤The statue would be perfect but for a few small _______ in its be.A.mistakesB.weaknessesC.flawsD.errors ⑥“I don’t think it’s my _____ that the TV blew up.I just turned it on, that’s all.” said the boy.A.error B.mistake C.fault D.duty Keys: 491.DDCA 492.BACB 493.(1).CACAA 494.DABADDB 495.CCACCC(2).①concerns ②concerned ③concern；with
第三篇：英语单项知识的讲解与练习(80)
英语单项知识的讲解与练习（80）
396.addition的用法
addition(n)增加、加、加法、增加物；additional adj.另外的, 附加的, 额外的;例句：
①In addition to a diet, she pursues various exercises on TV.节食以外她还随电视做体操。
②In addition to an album, I gave him a pen and a pencil.除了一本照相簿外，我还给了他一支钢笔和一支铅笔。
③They eat a great deal of fruit in addition.他们还吃大量的水果。④Addition and division are forms of computation.加法和除法都是计算方法。
⑤The little girl is not very clever at addition.这个小女孩不太善于做加法。
短语：in addition另外；in addition to除„„之外,类似的：apart from;except;except for;besides;do addition 做加法；make addition 扩充；simple addition 简单的加法；useful addition 有用的添加；addition of flour 加面粉；addition to 对…的添加；
用法：①in addition to意为“加在…上”或“不但…”，其中to是介词，在这不代表不定式，因此用in addition to doing this,而不是in addition to do this。
②addition的基本意思是“加”,指将两个或两个以上的人或事物合在一起,作此解时为不可数名词,但有时其前可加不定冠词,作“加法”解。③addition也可指“增加的人〔事物〕”,指在原有的基础上增加的人或物,此时为可数名词。练习：
①Dr Bake is a professor of physics.___, he is a famous writer.A.In all
B.In brief
C.In fact
D.In addition ②___ the price, the dress doesn’t suit me.A.Apart from
B.In addition
C.Except for
D.Except ③I know nothing about the young lady ___ she is from Beijing.A.except
B.except that
C.except for
D.in addition ④You must remember that there are six other applicants ___ the names on the list.A.in addition
B.except
C.in addition to
D.except for
397.admire的用法
admire钦佩、羡慕、欣赏。admission 允许进入；入场费；门票；承认;例句：
①You may not like him, but you have got to admire his persistence.你可以不喜欢他，但你不得不佩服他那种坚韧不拔的精神。②We admire him for his righteousness.我们钦佩他的正直。③Visitors admire Beijing for its beauty.观光者赞赏北京的美丽。④There is no man who does not admire him.没有人不羡慕他的。短语： admire somebody for something/ doing something 因某事佩服某人；admire to be a soldier 想当兵；admire to do something 很想做某事；by/ on one’s own admission 正如某人自己所承认的；express admiration for sb.对某人表示钦佩;have great admiration for sb.十分钦佩某人;in admiration of表示钦佩;with/in admiration心怀钦佩地;用法：①admire的基本意思是表示主语(人)对某人、物或事物的尊重或喜爱的感情,即“赞美、赞赏、称赞”;也可表示承认其优越性和超人之处,即“钦佩”。口语中有时含有“奉承”的味道,也可用作反语,表示一种讥讽的口气,在古语中还可表示“惊奇,难以想象”。
②admire语气较强,多用于一般时态,可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,有时还可接以as短语充当补足语的复合宾语。在表示“钦佩某人的…”时常用admire for v-ing结构。
③在美式英语或英国一些方言中admire可以接动词不定式作宾语,但不表示“钦佩”“赞赏”,而表示“高兴做某事”,相当于like, wish。④admire后接名词，不能接that从句。如：I admire his learning.句子最好别换成I admire that he is learned ⑤下面的两种表达方式均可：I admire his learning./I admire him for his learning.比较：admire 是对某人(物)怀有钦佩、羡慕等情感。admire 后只能跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语，不能跟从句。如：I admire your frankness.praise是把这种情感表达出来，通常是说出。如：The teacher praised the student for his diligence.练习：(1).单项填空：
①Not only is Madam Curie admired ___ a great scientist, but she is also remembered ___ her determination and courage, her willingness to share her knowledge.A.for;as
B.for;for
C.as;for
D.as;as
②Being the first Chinese to go around the earth in a spaceship, Yang Liwei is ___ for his great courage.A.encouraged
B.admired
C.apologized
D.excused
③After she made herself up, she ___ herself in the mirror.A.found
B.showed
C.admired
D.enjoyed ④What was she doing when you visited her? She was ___ herself in the mirror.A.enjoying
B.admiring
C.devoting
D.seeing ⑤He ___ me by his wonderful speech.A.admired
B.amazed
C.wondered
D.Advised(2).完成句子
①Stop looking in the mirror ___________(自我欣赏).②Visitors to Beijing usually _____________(钦佩那里的警察).③Our school is widely ____________(羡慕)its excellent teaching.398.amount的用法
amount总数、数量、数额。例句：
①The total cost of repairs amounted to 100 dollars.修理费用总计一百美元。
②Her answer amounted to a complete refusal.她的答复等于是完全拒绝。
③A petrol gauge shows the amount of petrol left in a car.汽油表指示出汽车里所剩汽油数量。
④He has a large amount of mail to answer every day.他每天有大量的信件要回复。
短语：the amount of +(U)……的总数量；a large amount of +(U)大量的；amount to合计、等于、成为，后跟名词、动名词；above a certain amount 超过一定数额；beyond this amount 超过这个数目；in amount 总之，总计；in large amounts 大量的；more than ￡1000 in amount 总额超过一千英镑；；salary of this amount 这个数目的薪金；to the amount of 总计达； 表示数量的短语及用法：
a great deal of，a large／small／huge amount of+不可数名词(作主语时，谓语用单数形式)large／vast amounts of+不可数名词(作主语，谓语用复数形式)many，a good／great many，a number of，large numbers of，a few，dozens of，scores of+可数名词复数(作主语，谓语用复数形式)plenty of, a lot of+可数名词复数(作主语，谓语用复数形式)；也可接不可数名词(作主语，谓语用单数形式）
a large quantity of+名词，large quantities of+名词（作主语，谓语与quantity一致）
用法：①amount后可接介词to。如：The expenses amount to ￥50.②amount后也可接动名词，要注意不要与不定式混淆。如：That amounts to saying that he is a genius.saying不可改成say。③做名词时，只能用作不可数名词，如能说a large amount of literature，不能说alarge amount of books。④amount 用于表示“量”“额”，如重量、金额等。
⑤amount of后一般接不可数名词，有时也可接复数可数名词，此名词被视为某一“总量”或“综述”。
⑥短语 in the amount of(总共为)可以 of 或 for 代之；to the amount(总共达)可以 to 代之。但如接款项数字大的总数，一般用 in〔to〕 the amount of。
⑦amount用作动词的基本意思是“合计,共计”,引申可指“等同,接近”。amount是不及物动词,常与介词to连用。练习：
①Although a large amount of good medicine ___ used on the patient, he still had no rapid response ___ the treatment.A.had;to
B.had been;for
C.was;to
D.has been;for ②Although a large ___ of money was used and a ___ of doctors and nurses lost their lives in fighting against SARS, Chinese people were able to win the battle in the end.A.number;amount
B.amount;number
C.number;number
D.amount;amount
③This type of car is being produced ___ to meet the increasing demand.A.on large quantities B.on a large scale
C.for large numbers D.with large amounts ④What's the ___ amount of wine you are allowed to take through customs duty free?
A.big
B.large
C.great
D.maximum ⑤Because of _____ mail we receive，we may not be able to reply to your letter.Please remember to include your full name with your letter.A.a great many of
B.a large number of C.a large amount of
D.a great plenty of
399.conform的用法
conform vt.使一致, 使遵守, 使顺从;vi.符合, 相似, 适应环境;adj.一致的, 顺从的;例句：
①His ideas do not conform to mine.他的想法和我的不一致。②He doesn't conform to the usual stereotype of the city businessman with a dark suit and rolled umbrella.他不像典型的城市商人那样，穿一身深色的套服、带一把收好的雨伞。③She refused to conform to the normal social conventions.她拒绝遵从正常的社会习俗。
She left home to escape the pressure to conform to her family's way of life.她离家出走以求摆脱她家生活方式对她的束缚。
Students are required to conform to the rules.学生被要求遵守规则。
短语：conform artificially不自然地遵守；conform artistically精巧地符合；conform complacently得意地符合；conform to顺应； 用法：①conform的基本意思是“使„与„相符合或一致”,多指人的行为与规则、规章、指令等一致,也可指理论、状态、习俗、思想等“与„相符合”,引申可表示为“遵守”“顺从”等。②conform既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词,常与介词to或with连用,表示“顺应”“相符”等。
③conform的宾语后接介词to，表示“使„„与„„相符合或一致”。如：He had to conform his conduct to the rule.后接介词to，表示“遵从、与„„一致”。如：Most people willingly conform to the customs of society.练习： ①In Britain today women ____ 44% of the workforce, and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.A.make up B.build upC.stand for D.conform to ②Students can be expelled for refusing to ____ to school rules.A.conform B.confine C.confirm D.confuse ③I don’t know whether what she said is true, but I’ll try to ________ it.A.conformB.confirmC.confessD.confine ④E-mail is a convenient, highly democratic informal medium for conveying messages that _______ well to human needs.A.adheresB.reflectsC.conformsD.satisfies ⑤All the students have to ______to the rules and regulations of the school.A.confirm B.confront C.confine D.conform ⑥As visiting scholars,they willingly ____ to the customs of the country they live in.A.submitB.conformC.subjectD.commit
400.cite的用法
cite vt.引用, 引证, 提名表扬;例句： ①The lawyer cited a previous case to support his argument.律师引用了以前的案例来支持他的论点。
②It's no use citing the Bible to somebody who doesn't believe in God.对不信上帝的人引用圣经的话是没用的。③I'll just cite some figures for comparison.我要引用一些数字作比较。
④Can you cite another case like this one?你能举出与此相似的另一个例子吗? ⑤As a proof of this I may cite several facts.我可以举几件事实来证明这个。
短语：cite sth as instance举某物为例；cite sth as proof of...引„以证明；cite sb for sth因某事而嘉奖某人；cite from sb引用某人的某作品；cite another example举出另一例子； 用法：①cite的基本意思是“引用”或“举例”。指引用权威的理论或言论来支持自己的论点或供他人参考,也指举出实例或强有力的证据来作为自己论点的论据和证明。
②cite是及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语,常用于被动结构中，后接介词 for，介词宾语为事，表示“因„„受嘉奖或传讯”。如： He was cited for bravery in battle.③cite接介词for可作“传令嘉奖”或“传讯”解。练习：
①The minister _____ the latest crime figures as proof of the need for more police.A.referred B.recruitedC.cited D.imported ②During the lecture, the speaker occasionally _____ his point by relating his own experiences.A.illustratedB.hintedC.citedD.displayed ③He _____ contempt of court.A.cited for B.was cited for C.was cited by D.cited by ④The soldier was cited _____ the king for his bravery.A.for B.from C.of D.by Keys: 396.DABC
397.(1).CBCBB(2).①admiring yourself②admire the policemen there③admired for 398.CBBDC 399.ABACDB 400.CABD
第四篇：小学英语一般将来时讲解与练习
小学英语一般将来时讲解与练习
一般将来时：
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：
①主语+be going to + 动词原形+其他；
②主语+will+动词原形+其他
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won't。
例如：I'm going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I'm not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go fishing this weekend.→ Are you going to go fishing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1.问人。Who 例如：I'm going to New York soon.→Who's going to New York soon?
2.问干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.→What is your father going to do with you this afternoon?
3.问什么时候。When.例如：She's going to go to bed at nine.→When is she going to bed?
六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）.= I will go swimming tomorrow.填空。
1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.I ________ have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________.She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
改句子。
5.Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）
Nancy ________ going to go camping.6.I'm going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
7.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.8.She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。
11.Today is a sunny day.We ___________________(have)a picnic this afternoon.12.My brother _______________(go)to Shanghai next week.13.Tom often ______________(go)to school on foot.But today is rain.He ______________(go)to school by bike.14.What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________(watch)TV and ____________(catch)insects?
15.It's Friday today.What _____she _________(do)this weekend? She ______________(watch)
第五篇：六年级英语单项选择练习
六年级英语单项选择题()25.We often go swimming______the weekend.A.in.B.at C.off
（）1.What ________ youwant ,Daming?A.doB.doesC.are.()26.--Did Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng Fly into space?
()2.I’m going to _____myhomeworktomorrow.A.does B.doC.did.--___________.A．Yes, they do.B.No, they aren’t.C.Yes’they did.()3.I__________asnowmannow.A am makingBmakeCmade()4.----Whatareyou______do?------I’mgoingtoplayfootball.AgoingtoBtoCgoing()5.----Whatareyoudoing?-----Weare__________.Agoingto swimBswimmingCswim()6.She’sbuyingthings_______yourbirthday.AtoB giveCfor()7.----Whocanhelpme?----Sorry,I_______carrythebag.Acan’tBcanCdon’t()8.Iwant________..Ahamburger Btwo hamburgerCahamburger()9.It’sthirty ______andtwenty—five_____.A.dollars, cent Bdollar,centCcents , dollars.()10.--Whatdoyouwanttoeat?--________,please.AColaBVegetablesCBook.（）11。--Howmuchisahamburger?---______________ATwoB ThreedollarsC Four hotdogs.()12.---Whatdoyouwanttodrink ?---______________.AYes,Ido.B No, I don’tCJuice, please.()13.---____________bananasdoyouwant?---Ten ,please.AHowmuchBHowCHowmany.()14,--WhatdoesSimonwanttodrink?---________.A He wants to eat meat.BI want to drinktea.C Hewantstodrinkmilk.()15.---_______areyougoingtogototheparktomorrow?---Atnine.AWhatBHowCWhen()16.It’sgoingto_____tomorrow?A windy BwindsC bewindy.()17.Theballoonsare _____away.AflyingBflyCflies.()18.They are playing football ,____ it’sraining.AandBbutCin()19.---Isitareallydog?---___________________________.AYes,itisn’tBNo,itisCNo,itisn’t.()20Canshe____thisbag?AcarriedBcarriesCcarry.（）21.--Will you go to the theatre tomorrow?--___________.A.Yes, l will.B.Yes, l won’t.C.No, Iwill.()22.Lingling_____many animals in the zoo yesterday.A.see B.sawC.looked()23.______your brother like fish?A.DoB.DoesC.Did()24--.What will the weather be in Harbin?--_______A.SonwB.It’s sunny.C.lt will be snowy.（）27.--______cheese do you want?--Half a kilo, please.A.How manyB.Howmuch.C.How old()28.Shecan_______fast.A.runB.runsC.running()29.Look!There______anorangeinthebox.A.are B.was C.is()30.--What do you drink, juice or tea?--________.A.Yes,Ido.B.No,I don’t.C.Juice,please.()31.---How much is the hot dog?---__________.A.Three.B.Three dollars.C.Two hot dogs.()32 Can she______thisbag?A.carriedB.carriesC.carry（）33.I want to drink______water.Is there______water in the cup?
A.some;someB.some;anyC.any;any()34.You____walk in the road.lt’sdangerous.A.can B.shouldC.shouldn’t
()35.--______areyougoingtogoto the park?--l’mgoingto go atsix.A.WhenB.WhereC.What
()36.I’m______than you.A.youngB.oldC.older()37.Please______!The baby is sleeping.A.be quietB.talkC.cry
()38.My sister doesn’t______TV.A.watchB.watchesC.watching()39.l___a picture for my grandma yesterday.A.drawB.drewC.drewed
（）40.__l’mverytired.----Whydon’tyou___________?AhavesomewaterBgotobedCgoswimming
()41 Areyoureay__yourtrip ?AforBatCwith()42---___________hoursarethereinaday?
---There aretwenty—four.A Howmuch B How CHowmany()43Wearegoingto _______dinnerathalfpastseven.AhaveBeatsChaving()44Ilike_____inthepark.Awalk BwalkingC walked()45--__________aretheygoingtostartschool?---Ateighto’clock.AWhatBHowCWhen()46LucyandLily_____bornin1998.A are B was C were()47Theactorwrotea book____himself.Aabout B of Cfor()48It’seasy ________learnEnglish.AtoBforCof()49---.Isthis _______postcard?---Yes, itis_____________.Ayours ,mineByourmineCyourmy()50Haveyougot___________stampsfromCanada ?AsomeBanyCa
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