代词一：it指示代词及其用法[大全五篇]

第一篇：代词一：it指示代词及其用法

it的用法

用作人称代词：

1、指代事物： — What’s this? — It’s a cat.2、指代人：常用于不知对方性别时，比如：询问敲门人或打电话时询问对方是谁，或者用来指代婴儿。(1)—Who’s it? —It’s Sam.(2)—Who’s the baby in the picture? —It’s my younger brother.二、用作非人称代词：指代天气、时间、季节或距离等，此时的it无意义。(1)It’s two o’clock now.(2)It’s very cold in spring in the northern China.(3)It’s about 100 kilometers from our town to the big city.三、用作替代词：it可作形式主语、形式宾语，可代替不定式、动名词或从句。(1)It is not known where she has gone.(2)It’s bad for your eyes reading in bed.(3)It is clever of him to work out the math problem.四、用于强调句，构成“It+be +被强调部分that…”结构。如：It’s in the small shop that I bought the important book.五、在初中英语教材中，出现了许多由it引导的固定句式，现归纳如下：

(一)It's time for sb.to do sth./ It's time for sth.意为“是(某人)该干……的时间了”、“到……的时候了”。

例如： 1.It's time for supper ／to have supper.该吃晚饭了。2.It's time for me to study.我该学习了。

(二)It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.意为“(某人)花……时间做某事”。例如：

1.It takes twenty minutes to go to school by bike.骑自行车上学要花二十分钟的时间。

2.It took me a week to finish reading the book.我花了一周时间读完这本书。

(三)It is one's turn to do sth.意为“轮到某人做某事了”。

例如：It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow.明天轮到你值日了。

(四)It is ／ has been ＋时间段＋since ＋一般过去时，意为“自从……以来已过了……(时间)。” 例如：1.It is / has been four days since I caught a cold.我感冒已四天了。2.It is / has been two weeks since we met last.自从我们上次见面以来已过了两周。

(五)It seems ／seemed ＋that从句，意为“看起来好像……”。

例如：It seemed that our team was going to win.我们队看起来好像要赢了。

(六)It's＋表语＋to do sth.。

例如：It's a good idea to go out for a walk.出去散步是个好主意。

(七)It's ＋adj.＋that从句。例如：It's true that I may fall behind the other students.我真可能落在别的学生后面。

(八)It's＋adj.＋of(for)sb.＋to do sth.。

对于这个句型究竟用of还是用for，主要取决于前面的形容词。

如果形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质等的，如 kind，good，nice，clever等用of；

如果形容词仅仅是描述行为的则用for，这类形容词常见的有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous等。

例如：1.It is nice of you to come to see me.你能来看我真好。

2.It is dangerous for children to play with fire.对小孩儿来说玩火是危险的。

典例

（）1.—Who’s knocking at the door?

— I don’t know.Maybe ___ is my uncle.A.he

B.that man

C.it

D.She

（）2.—I have only two dollars with me.— Oh, ____ enough to buy this book.A.it’s

B.that’s

C.you’re

D.they’re

（）3.—Who’s that baby in the photo?

— _____ me.I was only two years old that year.A.That’s B.It’s

C.I’m

D.The baby’s

（）4.______ five years since I left that town.A.That’s

B.They’re C.The time’s D.It’s

（）5.___about ten minutes’ walk from my home to the factory.A.The way is

B.It’s

C.The road

D.That’s

（）6.Something is in the box, _______ ?

A.are they

B.aren’t they C.isn’t it D.isn’t something

（）7.____ said that the strange man lives in the deep forest.A.It’s

B.I

C.He

D.Someone

（）8.______ take me much time to write that paper.A, It’s

B.It’ll

C.That’ll

D.I’ll

（）9.I found ______ easy to swim across that river.A.it

B.that

C.me

D.it’s

It放在found动词后面做宾语---形式宾语，代替to do这个不定式结构

（）10.—Who’s that speaking?

— ______ me, Tom.A.I’m

B.That’s

C.It’s

D.Its

提高训练： 完成句子

1.从学校到工厂需要步行20分钟。

______ 20 minutes’ walk _______ the school _______ the factory.2.这个婴儿才两岁，需要人照顾。

The baby is only 2 years old.________ needs _________ ________ after.3.快点！要下雨了。

________ _______!_______ is going to rain.4.桌上有些面包，吃起来挺香的。delicious There is some bread on the table._______ tastes __________.5.要完成这项工作至少需要20天时间。Finish

at least _____ will take ______ _____ 20 days _______ _____ the work._______

第二篇：指示代词用法小结

指示代词用法小结

指示代词（demonstrative pronoun）是表示指示概念的代词，即用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。指示代词与定冠词和人称代词一样，都具有指定的含义，用来起指示作用，或用来代替前面已提到过的名词。

指示代词的分类

指示代词分单数（this / that）和复数（these / those）两种形式，既可作限定词又可做代词，例如：

单数

复数

限定词：This girl is Mary.Those men are my teachers.代词： This is Mary.Those are my teachers.指示代词的句法功能

指示代词在句子中可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。

1、作主语

This is the way to do it.这事儿就该这样做。

2、作宾语

I like this better than that.我喜欢这个甚至那个。

3、作介词宾语

I don't say no to that.我并未拒绝那个。

There is no fear of that.那并不可怕。

4、作表语

My point is this.我的观点就是如此。

5、作定语

This room is mine.这间房间是我的。

指示代词的用法

1、this和these指在时间或空间上较近的人或者事物，that和those指在时间或空间上较远的人或者事物。例如：

This is a pen and that’s an eraser.这是一支笔，那是块橡皮擦。

This is a boy and those are girls.这是个男孩，那些是女孩。

2、指示代词所指的对象取决于说话者和听话者共同熟悉的语境。如： I liked this movie today better than that concert last night.我喜欢今天的这个电影，胜过昨晚的那个音乐会。

3、指示代词具有名词和形容词性质，既可指人也可指物。但是在相当于名词时一般指物多于指人。如：

I found this wallet.I found this.我找到了这只皮夹子。我找到了这个。（this 等于 this wallet)Is she going to marry that man? 她打算跟那人结婚吗？（that man不得用that代替，否则有轻蔑之意）

4、相当于名词的指示代词在句中作主语时，则指物指人均可。如： What are these? 那些是什么？（指物）

This is Bill.Is that George? 我是比尔。你是乔治吗？（电话用语）（指人）

5、打电话过程中，介绍自己时通常用this指代“我”，不用代词I；询问对方时用that指代“你”，不用代词you。例如：

----Hello.This is Mary.Who’s that? 喂，我是玛丽。你是谁？

----This is Tom.我是汤姆。

6、当指示代词所指的事物已确定时，后面的指示代词则用it或they代替。如： This(suit)is expensive, isn't it? 这套衣服昂贵，不是吗？

“Are those yours?” “Yes, they are.” “那些是你的吗？”“是的，它们是我的。”

注意事项

1、指示代词在作主语时可指物也可指人，但作其他句子成分时只能指物，不能指人，例如：

(对)That is my teacher.那是我的老师。（that作主语，指人）

(对)He is going to marry this girl.他要和这个姑娘结婚。（this作限定词）

(错)He is going to marry this.（this作宾语时不能指人）

(对)I bought this.我买这个。(this指物，可作宾语)

2、That和those可作定语从句的先行词，但this和 these不能，同时，在作先行词时，只有those可指人，试比较：

(对)He admired that which looked beautiful.他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。

(对)He admired those who looked beautiful.他赞赏那些外表漂亮的人。（those指人）

(错)He admired that who danced well.（that作宾语时不能指人）

(对)He admired those who danced well.他赞赏跳舞好的人。（those指人）

(对)He admired those which looked beautiful.他赞赏那些外表漂亮的东西。（those指物）

3、在回答指示代词作主语的特殊问句时，如果指示代词指人，其回答中的主语仍可以用相应的指示代词，也可以用it或者they;但指事物时，只能用it或者they。例如： Who’s that? That’s/It’s Liu Dehua.那是谁？那是刘德华。

What are those? They are basketballs.那些是什么？那些是篮球。

4、在回答指示代词作主语的一般疑问句时，不管指示代词指人还是指物，答语中都用it或they。例如：

Is this a ruler? Yes, it is.Are those your friends? No, they aren’t.5、为避免重复，有时可用 that 或 those 来代替前面已提到过的人或事物；用 this 或 these 来代替下文中将要提过的人或事物。例如：

She’s very friendly, and that is why we all love her.她很友善，这就是我们都喜欢她的原因。You needn’t do this — It’s pretty easy.你不必做这事，那相当容易。

6、向别人介绍某个人时，要说“ This is ….”，而不说“ That is ….”，也不能说“ He is ….”或“ She is ….”。介绍两个人时，先用“ This is ….”介绍一个人，然后用“ That is ….”介绍另一个人。如：

This is Li Ming.Li Ming，this is Wei Hua.这是李明。李明，这是魏华。This is my brother and that is my sister.这是我哥哥，那是我妹妹。

7、one，that 和it的区别：

one表示泛指，that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，而it 与所指名词为同一个。

I can't find my hat.I think I must buy one.(不定)我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。

The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.(同类但不同个)你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。

I can't find my hat.I don' t know where I put it.(同一物)我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。

第三篇：代词 用法小结

代词

人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，疑问代词，不定代词 一．人称代词： 单数 主格 复数 宾格

I 主格

宾格

第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 me we us you you you you it/she/he it/her/him

they them 1.主格作主语,宾格作表语或动词或介词的宾语.He teaches _____(we)Chinese./ I’m waiting for you.(介词的宾语)/ It’s me.(宾格做表语)2.三种人称代词并列充当主语时时,顺序为:

单数:（二,三,一）——（You, she and I）复数:（一,二,三）——(we , you and they)注：:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.)eg： She and I have been to Beijing.（一般情况）Who broke the window ? I and Mike.（承担责任）

注：it 还有一些特别的用法。

1)用在句型: “It seems that …”中.“看起来像。….”

2）用作形式主语,常用于 “It’s +adj +to do sth”句型中.“做什么事情怎么样”.3)用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中.“轮到某人做sth”

4)用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中.“到了该做sth的时候” 5)用在句型: “It’s +adj +that 从句”中.6)用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式.主语+make /think /feel/find + it + adj(名词)+ to do sth.I find it difficult to remember these works.二.物主代词：物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 第一人称 物主代词 形容词性 第二人称 单数

第三人称

单数

复数

单数

复数 复数

my our your your its/his/her ours yours

yours

their 名词性 mine its/his/hers theirs

1、形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词，一般不单独使用.eg: My name is Tom.(形容词性物主代词)

2、名词性物主代词，后面不能加名词,名词性物主代词常与of 连用

He is a friend of mine(我的一个朋友)eg：Our classroom is as big as ______(they)./ This is a friend of ______(my).注: 1)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+ 名词(上题中mine=my friends)2)形容词性物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词.My own house = a house of my own 三.反身代词：“某某自己；亲自” 单数 复数

myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself/herself/itself themselves 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称

记忆小窍门: 反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f 替.反身代词的常用搭配:

enjoy oneself过得愉快 hurt oneself受伤 teach oneself = learn..by oneslf自学 help oneself to …随便吃/用 look after oneself leave sb by oneself 让某人独自留下 dress oneself某人自己穿衣服 improve oneself提高某人自己 四.指示代词 单数 复数 this that these those

1、指示代词的用法：(1)this /these

①指较近的事和人: This is my pen./ These are my books.②指下文提到的事eg：Please remember this:No pains,no gains.(2)that /those ①指较远的事和人: That is her sister./ Those are her sisters.②指上面刚提到的事情eg：He was ill.That’s why he didn’t go to school.2.注意 that / those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复.That代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词.Those 代替复数名词.The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _____ in Qinghai.The books in that shop are cheaper than ___in this shop.A.this B.that C.one D.those 3.在电话用语中,this 代替自己,而that 代替对方.eg：This is Tom speaking.我是汤姆 Who is that ?你是谁？

五、疑问代词：(P93考点五)用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词，通常位于句首，引出特殊疑问句。

如：who 作主语，表语，宾语但不能放介词后Who wants to go with me? whom who的宾格形式，作宾语To whom are you talking? whose who的所有格形式，作定语Whose wallet is this? 这是谁的钱包？ what 可询问职业What’s your father? He is a teacher.who 可询问身份和姓名Who is the boy in red? He is Jim.what 指不定数目中的那一个。“什么，哪一些，”无范围What would you like? which “ 哪一个”指在一定范围内特指的人或物Which bike is yours? 哪辆自行车是你的 六.不定代词的区别.1.one与it 的区别: One 代替同类事物中的一种.而it代替上文中出现的某事物.This book is a good one.May I borrow it ? 2.some与any 的区别

①一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑问句, He asked me for some paper , but I didn’t have any.②但在疑问句中，若要表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答或表示请求、建议时应用some。此类句型常以could, would开头或what about /how about 的句中。May I have some water ?(希望得到肯定的回答)3.many与much的区别

Many+可数名词的复数 ；Much+不可数名词，都相当于 a lot of +复数名词/不可数名词 注:a lot of 常不用于否定句中.否定句中用many /much.4.a few /few /a little /little 的区别 表否定(几乎没有)表肯定(有一点)修饰可数名词 few a few 修饰不可数名词 little a little 例题：His story is easy to read，there are _____ new words in it.Hurry up!There is _____ time left.5.each / every 的区别

★each 强调个体，表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个.every 强调整体，表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个.There are trees and frowers on _____ side of the street./ ____ student has read a story.★:each 可以与of 连用, each of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而every 不能与of 连用.只能放在名词前作定语.Each of us _______(study)hard.6.no one 与none 的区别

no one 指人，表示没有人, 不能与of 连用，谓语常用单数。

none of +复数名词/ 代词，作主语时，既指人又可指物，谓语常用单数。.The boys were all tired , but _____ of them stopped to have a rest..7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的区别 都 都不 两者之间 任何一个

both neither either

any 三者或三者以上 all none There are many trees on ____ side of the river.A.both B.any C.either D.all 注意:

1).both 的否定词是neither , all的否定词是none.2).both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数； neither of作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.Neither of the answers ______(be)right.Both of my parents _______(be)workers.3).词组

A)both …and …连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数.同义词组: not only …but also … 反义词组: neither … nor …

Not only you but also she likes watching TV.= ____ you _____ she like watching TV.B)either …or … 或者……或者…… , neither…nor… 既不……也不…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则.Neither you nor he ______(be)right.One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park.= _____ Lily _____Lucy _____ going to the park.C)either 也可用于否定句中的 “也” He doesn’t like the book,either.4)how many /how much 的回答:用none回答.Who 的回答:用no one 回答.； What 的回答: 用nothing 回答.How many students are there in the classroom ? __________.Who can answer the question ? _______.A.None B.No one C.Nothing 8.other /the other /others /the others 的区别 单数 泛指 复数

another三者或三者上的另一个 others＝other＋名词复数

(别的人或物，但不是全部)特指 one...the other 一个……另一个 the others＝the other＋名词复数(其余所有的人或物)注释: 1)one …the other …表示两者之间的一个…另一个…… 2)some… others… 表示一些…… 另一些……

3)another 表示三者及三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个.只能修饰可数名词的单数.★ another +数字+ 复数名词= 数字+ more +复数名词

表示 “ 另外几个……”another ten teachers=ten more teachers I have two brothers , one is a teacher , ______ is a worker.Some are cleaning the classroom , ______ are sweeping the window 9.复合不定代词.some thing any no every something anything nothing everything one someone body anyone no one everyone anybody nobody everybody somebody 注: 1.复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.eg;Everything is ready.2.形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else须放在复合不定代词后。： I want to give you something different to eat../ something else（其它的东西）

3.动词不定式修饰不定代词时, 动词不定式放在不定代词之后.Would you like something to eat? 4.复合不定代词用于反义疑问句中，1)指人的不定代词, everybody,nobody,anyone, 其反义疑问句中的主语用he 或they.Everybody is here,aren’t they?

2)指物的不定代词, everything ,something,nothing等 其反义疑问句中的主语用 it.Everything ______(begin)to grow in spring , _______ _______ ? 5.any ,anything ,anyone, anyboby 也可用于肯定句中,表示 “任何……/任何物/任何人” everyone 指每个，人人，大家 不与of 连用 every one 指每个人、物

可与of 连用

6.Every one of us has seen the film.Everyone should do their best.

第四篇：代词it基本用法小结

代词it基本用法小结

人称代词it可以用来代替一个名词、一个短语、一个从句或一个句子，以避免它们在句中的重复。这时它可以指提到过的，也可以指未提到过的，在句中作主语或宾语。

(1)替代刚提到过的同一事物

This is our new car.I bought it yesterday.这是我们的新车。我昨天买的。(2)指动物或不考虑性别的婴儿

Where is the cat? It’s under the bed.猫在哪？它在床下面。The baby cried when it was hungry.这婴儿饿时就哭。(3)在情景中确认某人或事物

Who is it? It’s me.是谁？(问敲门人)是我呀。

Who’s it over there? It’s the milkman.那边那人是谁？那是送牛奶的 What’s this? It’s a map.这是什么？这是张地图。(4)指代前句或后句所述的情况

He smokes in bed and I don’t like it.他在床上抽烟，我不喜欢他这样。

When the factory closes, it will mean 500 workers will be out of work.工厂一旦关闭, 那就意味着要有500工人失业。

It would be ideal if you could join us.如果你能和我们合作，则太好了。(5)指时间、距离、天气或环境等

What time is it? It’s seven o’clock.几点了？7点。

It’s time for supper.=It’s time to have supper.是该吃晚饭的时候了。

It’s about 50 kilometers from here to my home.从这儿到我家约有五十公里。It is snowing.正在下雪

It was very quiet in the garden.公园里很寂静。(6)用于笼统地谈论某种情况 I cannot help it.我也没办法。(7)指最好的或最渴望得到事物

He thinks he’s it.他一直以为自己是最佳人选。That steak was really it!那牛排真是不错！

We’ve been looking for a house for months and I think this is it.我们找房子已经找了好几个月了, 我看这所就是我们要找的。it用作形式主语特殊句式小归纳

it用作形式主语有不少非常有用的句式，比如以下一些就值得注意： 1.用于it seems(appears)that…句式。如：

It seems that he knows everything.他好像什么都知道。It appears that we may be mistaken.看来我们可能弄错了。但是，英语一般不说it looks that…，可改用it looks as if…。如： It looks as if we’ll be late.我们似乎要迟到了。2.用于it happens(occurs)that…句式。如：

It happened that I was standing next to him when he collapsed.他倒下的时候我恰巧站在他旁边。

It didn’t occur to him that she would refuse his invitation.他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请。3.用于it follows that…句式。如：

He is wrong, but it does not follow thatyou are right.他错了，但并不能由此推断你是对的。She’s not in the office but it doesn’t necessarily follow that she’s ill.她不在办公室, 并不见得就是病了。

哪些从句作主语时可用it作形式主语

原则上说，it用作形式主语可以代替下列从句： 1.that从句

It is quite clear that he has read the book.很显然，他读过这本书。(HM)2.what从句

It doesn’t matter what he says.他说什么没关系。(HM)It was clear enough what he meant.他的意思是很明显的。3.who从句

It hasn’t been decided who will be sent to work there.还没决定将派谁到那里工作。4.how从句

It struck her how gentle he was being.她深深感到他多么温存。5.when从句

It hasn’t been made clear when the conference is to take place.会议什么时候召开还没有宣布。

6.where从句

It’s not known where she went.她到哪里去了没人知道。It did not matter much where he lived.他在哪里住都没有关系。7.why从句

It was clear why he had asked for a conference.他为什么要求召开会议原因很清楚。8.whether从句

It makes little difference whether we go or stay.我们去还是留没有多大差别。It’s not yet settled whether I am going to America.我去不去美国还没定。

it用作形式主语代替动名词主要用于哪些句式

it用作形式主语代替动名词的用法主要见于以下句式：

1.It is no use(no good, fun, great fun, a new experience, a great honour, etc)doing sth。如： It is no good talking.空谈是没有用的。It’s fun working for him.为他工作很有意思。It’s great fun sailing a boat.扬帆驾舟十分有趣。

It’s no use shouting at him—he’s deaf.向他叫喊是没有用的——他耳聋。It has been a great honour your coming to visit us.你来看望我们是极大荣幸。2.It is good(nice, useless, interesting, pleasant, tiring, etc)doing sth。如： It is useless speaking.光说没有用。

It was pleasant sitting there.坐在那里很愉快。

It’s so nice sitting here with you.和你坐在一起真是愉快。It’s good hearing English spoken.听到人讲英语，我很高兴。

It’s terribly tiring working late like this.这样干到深夜是非常累人的。3.it is worth while doing sth。如：

It’s worth while doing the work.这项工作值得做。

Do you think it’s worth while quarrelling with me? 你认为和我吵值得吗? 4.其他句式。如：

It doesn’t matter wasting a little money.浪费一点钱没有关系。

It felt funny being dressed like a peasant girl.打扮成村姑感到有点怪怪的。What’s it like being married? 结婚是什么味道。

含it的9个常用特殊句型

1.It doesn’t matter…

It doesn’t matter what he says.他说什么都没关系。2.It appears/ seems/ happens/says that…

It seems that he is always correct.他好像总是对的。

It happened that I had no money with me.碰巧我当时没有带钱。3.It is said/ reported/ believed/ understood that… It is said that he has joined the Party.据说他已经入党了。4.It is a waste of time /money doing sth.It’s a waste of time your talking to him.你和他谈是浪费时间。5.(It is)no wonder(that)…

It’s no wonder he is not hungry;he has been eating sweets all day.难怪他不饿，他整天在吃糖果。

6.It makes no/mush difference…

It’s doesn’t make much difference my being there.我在不在那儿没有什么影响。7.it takes sb.some time to do sth.It took me nearly an hour to work out the problem.花了我差不多一个钟才做出那道题.8.It’s one’s turn to do sth.It’s my turn to clean the classroom.是轮到我打扫教室的了。9.If it were not for…

If it were not for your help, I would still be homeless.若不是你帮忙，我现在还是无家可归。

第五篇：初三英语：指示代词教案

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初三英语教案：指示代词

提起 this、that 和 it ,大家对它们并不陌生。this、that 既可作为形容词,又可作为指示代词,而 it 只能作代词用,使用时要注意它们的区别。

1.this 指离说话人较近的人或物, that 则指离说话人较远的人或物。如:

This is a book.这是一本书。(指近处)

That is a banana tree.那是一棵香蕉树。(指远处)

如:

2.向别人介绍某人时,要说“ This is …”,而不说“ That is …”,也不能说“ He is …”或“ She is …”。This is Li Mei.Li Mei,this is Wei Hua.这是李梅。李梅,这是魏华。

3.叙述在一起的两样东西时,先说的用 this ,后说的用 that.如: This is a computer.That is a TV set.这是一台电脑,那是一台电视机。

4.在回答 this 或 that 作主语的疑问句时,要用 it 代替 this 或 that.如: It's a ruler.这是尺子。

-Is that a car? 那是一辆小汽车吗?

-Yes, it is.是的。

其实,我们平时在第一次提到某物时,常用 this 或 that 来指代,后文中再出现此物时,就用 it 来代替 this 或 that 了。

5.有时候,人们在打电话时,向对方介绍自己用 this 指代“我(I)”,询问对方则用 that 指代“你(you)”。如:

-Hello, is that Mike? 喂,你是迈克吗?

-No, this is Tom.不,我是汤姆。

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此时切不要用“ I am …”、“ Are you … ? ”或“ Who are you? ”等句式,但可以用 it 替换 this 或 that.如:

-Hello,is it Mr Green? 你好!你是格林先生吗?

-Yes,it is Mr Green.Who is it?

是的,我是格林先生。你是谁?

6.当指性别不明的婴儿、身份不明的人或是只闻其声不见其人的时候,用 it 而不用 this 或 that.如以下敲门时的对话:

-Who's it? 是谁呀?

-It's me.是我。

最后提醒同学们注意: this 和 is 不能缩写,但 that、it 与 is 连用时可分别写为 that's 和 it's.如:

This is a bike.(不可写成: This's a bike.)

It is a pencil-box.(可以写成: It's a pencil-box.)(一)知识概要

连词是一种在句子与句子之间,短语之间以及名词等其他词语之间起连接作用的虚词,它不能单独作句子的成份。按其意义可分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词连接的双方是对等的。常有的并列连词有and, both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, as well as等。但如果连接的两部分意义不趋向一致,意义有转折的并列连词有:but, however, while(而),only(只不过)。还有表示选择关系的并列连词,如:or, or else, otherwise… 再有的是连接双方,互为因果,或表示前因后果的连词有:for, so, therefore(因此),then等。从属连词在初中范围内常常用来连接名词性从句,如:that, if, whether, 其次用来连接状语从句。其中有原因状语从句,常用的连接词有:when while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till 连接条件状语的连词有:if, unless, as long as 等,而原因状语的连接词有because, since, as, now that(既然)。目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等状语从句的连接词有:so that, so…that, such…that, as…as, than, where… 它们在句子与文章中几乎无处不见。具体用法见下表。

连词用法一览表

种类 功用 例句

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并列连词 连接具有并列关系的 词 He knows neither English nor French.短语 Are you going by bus or on foot?

分句 Mary was a good girl, but she had one shortcoming.从属连词 引导: 状语从句 I'll do it as you told me.You will be late unless you hurry.连接代词和连接副词 主语从句 What he said proved true.When we'll start has not been decided yet.表语从句 This is why he didn't come yesterday.That is where he lives.宾语从句 The man asked me which I liked best.

I can't understand why she is so late.关系代词和关系副词 定语从句 Nicotine is a drug that gets one into the habit of smoking.

He came last night when I was out.(二)正误辨析

[误] Both my parents are not here.They went to the concert just now.

[正] Neither of my parents is here.They went to the concert just now.

[析] 在英语中both一般用于肯定句中,如用于否定句中,其意义也不同于汉语,如:Both of us are not right.在英语中应被理解为“我们俩不都对。”而Neither of us is right。才能被理解为“我们俩无一正确”。

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[误] He or his parents has some tickets for the film.

[正] He or his parents have some tickets for the film.

[析] 由or 连接两主语时,谓语动词应与相临近的那一个主语保持一致。

[误] You should study hard, and you won't pass the exam.

[正] You should study hard, or you won't pass the exam.

[析] or作为连词,这里的意思为“否则”。又如:Hurry up, or you'll be late for school.[误] Though he is poor, but he is ready to help others.

[正] Though he is poor, he is ready to help others.

[正] He is poor, but he is ready to help others.

[析] “虽然……但是”是中文中的常用结构,但在英文中用了“虽然”则不要用“但是”,用了“但是”则不能再用“虽然”,二者只可用其一。

[误] Either you or I are on duty.

[正] Either you or I am on duty.

[析] either…or 连接两个主语时,其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应,这也叫作就近原则。类似的用法还有or, neither… nor, not only…but also等。

[误] Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school now.

[正] Tom is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school now.

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[析] 并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略,以免重复,但不是所有词都可作任意的省略的。当你连接的是两个系动词时,后面的那个系动词不可省略,也就是讲连接的部分不可省略。

父亲节初三作文:My Father There is always a brilliant image living in my heart.That is my dear father.Seen through the eyes of many other people, father seems to be a very ordinary person.But he is quite extraordinary in my eyes, I have never lost my wonder at his good-personalities such as diligence, devotion, care, optimism ever since my childhood.Being a farmer, father works very hard in the fields all the year round.He works from dawn till dusk every day and even till midnight when it is the harvest season.He seldom enjoys leisure with other farmers even if the farm work is not much.He chooses to live a busy life with reluctance to stop for a while.Father devotes all himself to our family.As we are poor, he always tries his best to support our family and afford the tuitions for my brother and me.For the whole family, for brother and me, he never stops working laboriously in the fields throughout the year.Now he has got a wrinkled face and white hair because of excessive hard work, looking much older and weaker than any other person of his age.In spite of all this, father never complains to us.It is his full devotion that we're living a better life now.It is his full devotion that both my brother and I are able to study at college.Father shows much care to us children and my mother as well.Whenever there is any delicious food on the table, he just leaves it to us while he takes the simple one himself.If my brother and I fall ill, he will not hesitate a moment to get some medicine for us or take us to see the doctor.My mother suffers a bad disease.Father looks after her very carefully.He never lets mother do any heavy work both at home and in the field.Mother appreciates him m much that she often praises him as a model husband before others.Father is a person full of optimism.He never complains about our poor life.He is never frustrated by trouble.He often tells us that everything will be all right if we have enough confidence in life.Due to his optimism, we are all confident to face our life and work.We all think that father is not in the least an ordinary man.He plays an extraordinary role in my family.We can't have anything without him.Now I'm pursuing further studies at college far away from father.I miss him very much.And I often see him in my dreams.His great image is deeply carved in my mind.评语：

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本文作者以朴实的语言充满感情地刻画了父亲的不平凡的形象，分别从四个不同的角度描述了父亲的勤劳、奉献、关爱和乐观。内容真实感人，行文简洁流畅，结构清晰，组织有条有理，首尾呼应，给读者以强烈的感染力。

作者用词简洁精确，并能很好地尝试一些新学的词汇及表达，使简洁的行。文更为生动。作者没有运用太多复杂的句式，但能适当运用介词短语、分词结构、强调及重复的手法，恰到好处 地突出了行文句式的变化，使文章更耐读。资料来自：悦考网www.xiexiebang.com 悦考网www.xiexiebang.com