第一篇：新东方中高级口译口试词汇必备文本
第一章 社会
SECTION Ⅰ： 英译中 A abortion 人工流产、堕胎 abuse of power 滥用职权 academic society 学术社团 altruism 利他主义、利他
an aging population 人口老龄化 asylum 庇护 B
D
demography, larithmics人口学、人口统计学 size 数量
growth 增长情况 density 密度 distribution 分布
social demography 社会人口学 economic demography 经济人口学 DINK 丁克一族 discrimination 歧视
benevolent 乐善好施的
a benevolent fund 施善基金
a charitable foundation 慈善基金
eleemosynary relief施舍性的救济
philanthropic contributions慈善捐献
bigamy重婚
birth rate 人口出生率
burglar-proof door/antitheft door 防盗门
C
casuistry 判断是非
chain effect/domino effect 连锁反应、多米诺骨牌效应
charitable 慈善的、仁慈的 civic morality 社会公德
community 社区
community service 社区服务
corruption 贪污
court of ethics 道德法庭
crime 犯罪
arson纵火、纵火罪
crimes committed by Mafia-like gangs 黑恶势力犯罪
drug rehabilitation centers戒毒所
drug traffickers 毒枭
drug-related crimes 毒品犯罪
embezzlement 盗用公款
juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪
organized crime 有组织犯罪
robbery 抢劫
sexual harassment 性骚扰
shop-lifting在商店行窃
smuggling 走私
theft 偷窃行为
age discrimination 年龄歧视
discrimination against women 歧视妇女 feminism 男女平等主义、女权运动 feminist movement 女权运动
femininity 妇女特质、柔弱型、温柔 gender/sexual discrimination 性别歧视 job discrimination 工作歧视
male chauvinism 大男子主义、男权主义思想masculinity 男性阳刚之气 disparity 不一致、不同、不等 drug abuse 吸毒 E
egalitarian 主张人人平等的、平等主义 emotion quotient 情商 F
forum 论坛
favorable location 地理优势 family 家庭
immediate family 直接家庭成员
extended family 大家庭、扩大的家庭 family tree 家谱、家谱图 relative 亲属、亲戚 foster father 养父
legal guardian 法定监护人 stepmother 继母 in-law 姻亲
ex-husband 前夫
adopted daughter 养女 nephew 侄子、外甥 niece 侄女、外甥女
cousin 堂兄弟姊妹、表兄弟姊妹
G gambling 赌博
gay 同性恋者、同性恋者的 grant-in-aid 补助金、赠款 geographic location 地理位置 geographic advantage 地理优势 grey income 灰色收入 H hardened professional惯犯
have an extramarital affair/ have an ultra-marriage affairs 婚外恋
fine 罚款 jury 陪审团 juror 陪审员
life sentence 判处无期徒刑 notary 公证人 notarization 公证 M
make public expose 曝光
material/spiritual culture 物质、精神文化 minimum wage 最低工资
hedonism 享乐主义
home for the aged/ seniors‟ home 敬老院
I
illiteracy 文盲
income disparity 收入分化、贫富分化
infant mortality 婴儿死亡率
IPR/ intellectual property rights 知识产权
piracy 非法翻印、盗版
bootleg 盗版
copyright royalty 版税、版权费
fight against illegal publication 打非
underground publications 地下出版物
anti-fake label 防伪标识
L
law of the jungle 弱肉强食法则
lawsuit 诉讼
lawyer 律师
attorney 律师
appeal to a higher court 上诉
charge 控告
drop a lawsuit 撤销控告
court of appeals 上诉法庭
solicitor 初级律师，只能在低级法庭出庭的律师
suspect 犯罪嫌疑人
defendant 被告
plaintiff 起诉人、原告
capital punishment 死刑
guilty 有罪
verdict 裁决、判决书
serve one‟s term in prison 服刑
bail 保释
money worship 拜金主义 morality 道德 P
Pandora‟s box潘多拉魔盒 pluralism 多元文化论
polarization of rich and poor 贫富悬殊 popularity rate 普及率 poverty alleviation 扶贫
poverty relief office 扶贫办公室 R
racism 种族主义
acculturation 文化适应
assimilation 同化、同化作用
anti-racism education 反种族主义教育 colonialism 殖民主义 ethnic cleansing种族清理
ethnic group 同种、同文化之民族 ethnocentrism 民族优越感 race 人种
stereotype 成见
genocide 有计划的灭种和屠杀 anti-Semite反犹分子、反犹分子的 racial discrimination 种族歧视 bias 偏见
reinstatement 复员、复职 S
sabotage 阴谋破坏、怠工、破坏 single-parent family 单亲家庭 social evils 社会丑恶现象 social welfare 社会福利 food stamps 食品救济券
foreign aid 外援
medicaid 医疗补助
medicare and medicaid医保（保健医疗制度和医疗补助制度）
social security 社会保障
U
urban legend 都市传奇
V
values 价值观
vicious circle 恶性循环
virtuous circle 良性循环
保持国民经济发展的良好势头
maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy
暴发户 new rich;upstart
保护伞 protective umbrella
本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the Twelve Terrestrial Branches；
本土化localization
奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life
本本主义 bookishness
闭门羹 given a cold shoulder
views on life 人生观
W
way of life/ life style 生活方式
SECTION Ⅱ： 中译英 8
爱国运动 patriotic movement
AA制 Dutch treatment/ go Dutch
A 股市场 A-share market
爱国民主人士 patriotic democratic personages
爱国统一战线 patriotic united front
安家费 settling-in allowance
暗箱操作 black case work
按资排辈 to assign priority according to seniority
保证妇女、未成年人和残疾人的合法权益
protect legitimate rights and interest of women, minors and the handicapped
白热化 be white-hot
拜把兄弟 sworn brothers
摆架子 put on airs
白马王子 prince charming
拜年 pay new year‟s call
摆谱 put on airs/ show off/ keep up appearance
班车 shuttle bus
斑马线 zebra stripe
搬迁户 a relocated unit or household
半托/日托 daycare
半脱产 a partial sabbatical from work就是一边学习，一边工作。
搬运工人 transport worker
帮倒忙 trying to help but causing more trouble in the process
傍大款A girl finds a sugar daddy;be a mistress for a rich man;lean on a moneybags
包车 to charter a vehicle;a chartered vehicle 避税 evade tax
避嫌 avoid doing anything that may arouse suspicion 便当 fast food
博彩、博彩业 lottery industry
薄利多销 small profits but quick returns;small profits and good sales 残疾人 the disabled;the differently abled 成年 grow up;come of age 城市居民 city dweller;urbanite
大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age 单亲 single parent 抵制运动 boycott
吊销执照 revoke license
独生子女 the only child in one‟s family
分工协作 coordination and distribution of responsibilities 福利彩票 welfare lotteries
公民、市民 citizen;city resident 户口簿 resident‟s booklet
纪念活动 commemorative activity
家政服务 household management service 结婚 get married 离婚 divorce 再婚remarry
居委会 neighborhood committee;residence committee 流动人口 transient population 民工 migrant labor 名人celebrity
谋生 make a living
农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor 派出所 local police station
贫富分化 polarization of wealth 乞丐 beggar
弃婴 abandoned child;foundling 青春期 puberty 青少年时代 adolescence 全国人口普查 nationwide census 全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign 人口素质 quality of population 日常活动 daily activities 日常生活 daily life;everyday life 扫黄运动 anti-porn drive/campaign 社会保险 social insurance
人口自然增长 natural growth of the population 人口负增长 negative population growth 人口零增长zero population growth 生育 natality
计划生育 family planning
优生优育 better natal and prenatal care and better upbringing 生育能力 fertility
无生育力 infertile;barren;sterile 优生学 eugenics
人才 talent;talented person 社会地位 social status
社会福利彩票 social welfare lotteries
社会稳定 social stability
社交 socialize
社交活动 social activities
渗透、颠覆和分裂活动 infiltrative, subversive and splittist activities
生活津贴 allowance for living expenses ??
生活困难 be badly off
生活条件 living conditions
适者生存 survival of the fittest
寿命 life span
水货 smuggled goods
送温暖工程 heart-warming project
提高思想道德素质 upgrade the ideological and ethical standards
体力劳动 physical labor;manual work
体育彩票 sports lotteries
同胞 compatriot
文明祥和 civility and harmony
务工农民 migrant rural workers
希望工程 Hope Project
选民 voter;electorate
严重暴力犯罪 violent crimes
移民 immigrant
优秀传统 fine tradition
暂住证 temporary residence permit
职称 professional title
人口 population
人口控制 population control
人口质量 population quality
人口密度 population density
人口结构 population composition 人才库 talent bank;brain bank 人才交流talent exchange 人才流动talent flow 人才市场 talent market 人才流失 brain bleed 人才外流brain drain
人才断层 gap in talents ???
历史上的社会制度 social systems in history 25：23 史学 science of history 原始社会 primitive society 母系社会 matriarchal society 父系社会 patriarchal society 奴隶社会 slave society 封建社会 feudal society
资本主义社会 capitalist society 社会主义社会 socialist society 共产主义社会 communist society 社会制度 social systems 君主制monarchy
议会制 parliamentarism
民主集中制 democratic centralism 所有制 system of ownership 公有制 public ownership 私有制 private ownership
全民所有制 ownership by the whole people 集体所有制 collective ownership
中国历史上的一些重大事件 major events in Chinese history
秦始皇统一中国 unification of the country by Emperor Qin Shi Huang 鸦片战争 Opium War
太平天国 Tianping Heavenly Kingdom 戊戌变法 the reform movement of 1898
辛亥革命 the 1911 revolution
新民主主义革命 new democratic revolution
五四运动 the May 4th of 1919
南昌起义 Nanchang Uprising
9.18事变 September 18th incident
长征 Long March
西安事变 Xi‟an Incident
卢沟桥事变 Lugouqiao Incident
南京大屠杀 Nanking massacre1937
抗日战争 war of resistance against Japan
authorization bill授权书 B
bad loans不良贷款 banking银行业
bankruptcy protection破产保护 boom迅速发展 brand names品牌 budget预算
budget deficit预算赤字 budget surplus预算盈余
解放战争 Chinese people‟s war of liberation
土地改革 land reform;Agrarian reform
整风运动 rectification movement
大跃进 the Great Leap Forward
文化大革命 the cultural revolution
十一届三中全会 the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee
CHAPTER 2 REFORM & ECONOMY经济与改革
SECTION Ⅰ： 英译中15
A
a prudent monetary policy 稳健的货币政策
absolute advantage绝对优势
accounting会计学、账目清算、财会
accountant会计
accounting fraud作假帐
accounting scandal财务丑闻
financial statement财务报表
keep the public informed of the financial affairs财务公开
acquire购置、获取、购买、取得所有权
acquisition of assets购置资产
active balance顺差
aggregate demand 总需求
aggregate supply 总供给
allocation of financial resources金融资源配置
ample supply 供应充裕
an average annual increase/ annual return年均利润
anti-dumping measures 反倾销措施
areas for the market access市场准入领域
asset资产
associate company 联营公司
autarky 自给自足、经济独立
budgetary items预算项目 business cycle商业周期 business fraud商业欺诈
business mechanism创业机制
business prototype商业原型、商业模型 C
capital 资本、资金、资产 capital flow资金流量 cash bonuses现金奖励 cash flow 现金流量 cashier's check 本票
certificated public accountant注册会计师 commerce clause 商业条款 commercialization 商品化 commodity商品
common law习惯法、不成文法 company公司
corporate 公司、企业
conglomerate company集团企业、跨行业大企业firm公司，尤指合股合伙公司 enterprise企业、公司、事业 business 工商企业、商务业务
establishment公司、企业、商业机构 house 商业机构、出版公司 outfit 企业、商业组织 venture企业
comparative advantage相对优势
competition and comparison竞争比较 competition mechanism竞争机制 competition竞争 contract 合同
consumer‟s association消费者协会 consumer confidence消费者信心 consumer expectations消费预期 conventional industries传统产业 core competitiveness核心竞争力 cost 成本
cost effectiveness成本效应 cutting edge优势 D dealer经销商
emerging market新兴市场
employment insurance就业保险金
annexation and reorganization of enterprises企业兼并重组 corporate/ entrepreneurial culture企业文化 corporate/ enterprise image企业形象 cross-national corporation跨国公司
enterprising spirit;pioneering spirit创业精神 entrepreneur企业家
entrepreneurship企业家身份
foreign capital enterprise外资企业
deflation通货紧缩
deposit定金、保证金
deprecation 贬值
depression萧条、经济不景气的一段时间
duate 贬值
discount rate贴现率
distribution 流通分配
diversification of investment投资多元化
double, triple, quadruple两倍、三倍、四倍
E
economic globalization 经济全球化
economic growth经济增长
economic leverage经济杠杆作用
economic regulation经济调节
economic returns经济回报、经济效应
economics经济学
economic ills经济弊病
effective corporate management有效的公司管理
loose and tight management张弛有度的 PR（the public relation）公关
risk management风险管理
transparency management透明管理
the two-tier management system双层管理体制
top-down management自上而下的管理模式
make one‟s own management decisions自主经营
managerial and technical staff管理技术人员
managerial expertise管理知识
elasticity弹性、可塑性、灵活度
electronic dealing电子交易
electronic business电子商务
elite精英
foreign invested venture外资企业 individual initiative个人主动性 initial capital 启动资金
listing of a company 企业上市 multinational corporation跨国公司 team spirit团队精神 transformation转型
transnational corporation跨国公司 registered capital注册资本
overseas funded enterprises外资企业 F
fair competition公平竞争 federation 联邦
financial fraud金融欺诈 financial crisis金融危机 financial market金融市场 bullion market金银买卖市场 cash market现金市场 debt market债务市场 discount market贴现市场 equity market股本市场
foreign exchange and derivatives market外汇及衍生产品市场foreign exchange market外汇市场 global financial system全球金融体系 insurance market保险市场 securities market证券市场 fiscal 财政的
fiscal and monetary levers财经和货币杠杆 fiscal budget财政预算
fiscal policy财经政策、财务方针 fiscal year 财政年度
fiscal lever财政杠杆 fiscal levy财政税收
financial deficit财政赤字 fiscal revenue财政收入 national revenue财政收入 fixed assets固定资产
fund capital/venture capital 资金、资本、风险资金 future market 期货市场 G generate profit创利
equipment manufacturing industry装备制造业 heavy industry重工业
information industry信息产业
knowledge-intensive industry知识密集性产业 light industry轻工业 lottery industry博彩业
manufacturing industry制造业 monopoly industries垄断行业 rubber industry橡胶工业 secondary industry第二产业
GNP at factor cost按成本要素计算的国内生产总值
go public上市
go to chapter 11申请破产保护
go under倒闭
government spending政府开支
grey income灰色收入
Great Depression 大萧条
Gross domestic product 国内生产总值
Gross national product 国民生产总值
H
head-hunter 猎头公司
hedge保护、防御手段
hedge fund对冲基金
high return高收益、高回报
holiday economy假日经济
human capital 人力资本
hyper-inflation恶性通货膨胀
I
immediate yield直接汇报
incentive动力
industry工业、产业、行业
advertising industry广告业
aerospace industry 航空和航天工业
aircraft industry飞机制造工业
basic industry基础工业、重工业
book industry图书出版业
brewing industry啤酒酿造工业、酿制工业
capital-and-technology-intensive industries资金技术密集型产业
car industry汽车制造工业
electronic industry电子工业
entertainment industry娱乐业
service industry developing in all areas 服务业全面发展 textile industry纺织行业 tertiary industry第三产业 tourist industry旅游业 industrialization 工业化 infrastructure基础设施 interest cut降息
interest group利益集团 interest rate 利率
international competitiveness 国际竞争力 international settlement国际结算 J
joint effort共同努力 joint venture合资企业 joint stock system股份制 K
Keynes 凯恩斯
Keynesian theory凯恩斯经济理论 L
labor 劳动力
labor intensive industries劳动密集型产业 late charge 滞纳金 leasing 出租业务 legal person法人
legitimacy合理性、合法性
legitimate rights and interests正当权益 liability of fault过失责任
limited liability corporation有限责任公司 listed companies上市公司 logistics物流 M
M&A Macroeconomic control 宏观调控 Macroeconomics宏观经济学
make ends meet收支平衡、日子过得去 marginal return边际报酬 market市场
market diversification市场多元化 market economy市场经济
market intelligence 市场情报、市场调查 market saturation市场饱和
patent专利
patent grant专利许可 patent law专利法规 pension退休金、养老金
per capita GDP人均国内生产总值 per capita income 人均收入 performance业绩
plunge;dip;down 猛跌、小跌、下跌 portfolio一组投资 positioning定位
market share市场占有率、市场份额
market supervision 市场监管
marketization市场化
market-oriented employment mechanisms市场导向的就业机制
mass production批量生产
mechanism机制
merger合并
merger and bankruptcy兼并破产
merit价值
microeconomics微观经济学
modern market economy现代市场经济
monetary货币的
European monetary integration欧洲货币一体化
convertible currency可兑换货币
monetary lever货币杠杆
monetary policy 货币政策
monetization货币化
withdrawal of currency from circulation货币回笼
monopoly垄断
multi-functionality多功能性
multi-lateral trade negotiation多边贸易谈判
O
old age pension养老保险制度
oligarchy寡头政治、寡头政治的执政团
oligopoly求过于供的市场情况
on-the-job training 岗位培训
opportunity cost机会成本
optimize优化
overheating过热
P
paragon模范、典范
potential market潜在市场
practical productive forces现实生产力 primary productive forces第一生产力
printing and packaging business 包装印刷业 private enterprise私营企业 private property私人财产 private sector私营部分 privatization私有化 produce农产品 productivity生产力 profit利润
promotion促销 propaganda宣传
proprietary intellectual property rights自主知识产权protectionism保护主义 public sector公共部门 public services公共服务 purchasing power购买力 Q
quality control质检 R
raffle 抽奖售货
real economy实体经济 recession 衰退、不景气 regime政权、机制 rent 租金
regional protectionism地方保护主义 resources资源
restructure改组、重组 retail gap零售空间 S
saturation;be saturated n./ adj.饱和 sales volume n.销售额 satellite town n.卫星城 savings n.储蓄
scale operation n.规模经营 scarcity n.缺乏 securities n.证券
stock , bond, securities 股票，债券，证券
securities, options and futures 证券、期权及期货 A share A股
speculative ad,j.投机性的 stabilize prices v.稳定物价
start / build… from scratch v.从零开始； 白手起家 storage and transport n.储运
strategic planning n.战略部署，战略计划 strong（currency）adj.（货币）坚挺 strong demand n.需求强劲 subsidy n.补助金，津贴 sunrise industry n.朝阳产业 sunset industry n.夕阳产业
B share B 股
bear market 熊市
bull market 牛市
China's Securities Regulatory Commission（csrc）中国证监会
joint stock company 参股公司
long-term government bonds 长期国债
long-term treasury bonds for construction 长期建设国债
rally 反弹，股市价格和成交额在下跌后显着的上升
the Dow Jones industrial average 道琼斯工业指数
the Nasdaq composite index 纳斯达克综合指数
the Nikkei average 日京指数
s & p（Standard and Poor's composite Index））标准普尔指数
London SE（stock exchange）伦敦证券交易所
New York se 纽约证券交易所
Shanghai se 上海证券交易所
Shenzhen se 深圳证券交易所
seeking financing by listing on the stock market 上市融资
securities investment 证券投资
state stock reduction;reduce state's stake in listed companies 国有股减持
state-held shares 国有股
stock index 股票指数
stock option 股票期权
treasury bonds（t-bonds）国库券
the securities and futures ordinance（sfo）证券及期货条例
separation of powers n.权利分离
SEC（securities and exchange commission）（美）证券交易委员会
slump n./v.（经济）衰退，滑坡
soar / surge / climb n./v.（价格）上涨
soho（small office;home office）soho一族（小型办公室和家庭办公室）
solvency [ ] n.偿付能力
sources of investment n.投资主体
supply n.供给
supply side economics n.供方经济学 T-hour service n.全天候服务 tangible benefits n.实惠
technology-intensive product n.技术密集产品 tender-invitation n.招商
the distribution（allocation）of resources n.资源配置 the economic structure n.经济结构 the industrial structure n.产业结构
the macro-control system n.宏观调控体系 the market system n.市场体系 the open economy n.开放型经济
the order of the market economy n.市场经济秩序 the potentially largest market潜在的最大市场 the world trade organization世贸组织 trade n./v.贸易
ASEAN（Association of South-East Asian Nations）东南亚国家联盟ASEAN Free Trade Area 东盟自由贸易区 EU（European Union）欧盟
chamber of import and export trade 进出口商会 diary product 奶制品
durable consumer goods, consumer durables 耐用消费品 FMCG（fast-moving consumer goods）快速消费品 grassland farming 牧业 horticultural product 园艺品 ice-free harbor 不冻港
L/C（letter of credit）信用证 lamb 羊羔
milk powder奶粉 mutton 羊肉
produce 农产品
protectionism 保护主义 quotation of prices 报价单 retail market 零售市场
sea and air shipping service 海上和空中运输服务 single-product export country 单一产品出口国 steel 钢铁
the most competitive products 拳头产品 timber 木材
timber product 木器
SECTION Ⅱ： 中译英30
按劳分配 distribution according to one‟s performance 按资排辈 to assign priority according to seniority 保税区bounded zone
奔小康 strive for relatively comfortable life 博鳌亚洲论坛Boao Forum for Asia 不良贷款 bad loans
产品本土化 product localization 产业不景气 industrial depression
产业的升级换代 upgrading of industries trade balance 贸易平衡
trade bloc 贸易集团（如：欧盟）
trade conflicts 贸易冲突
trade in commodities and services 商品和服务贸易
trade monopolies and regional blockades 行业垄断和地区封锁
trade sanction 贸易制裁
trade deficit（surplus）贸易逆差 / 顺差
trade volume 贸易额
wholesale market 批发市场
wool export 羊毛出口
traditional industries n.传统产业
transaction n.交易
triple n./v./adj.增长两倍
turnover n.销售额
TV shots n.电视广告
TQC（Total Quality Control）n.全面质量管理
U
unemployment insurance失业保险
unemployment rate失业率
urban economics城市经济学
utility设施
V
venture capital风险资金
veto 否决
vicious circle恶性循环
Virtual Economy虚拟经济
virtuous circle良性循环
W
welfare state福利国家
work force职工总数、劳动力
world multi-polarization世界多极化
产业格局 industrial pattern
产业结构升级 upgrading of an industrial structure 超负荷运转 overloaded operation 承包责任制 the contract responsibility 城市经济学 urban economics
城乡居民收入 income of urban and rural residents 城镇化 urbanization
城镇居民可支配收入 urban per capita disposable income 持续快速健康发展 sustained, rapid and sound development 充足的发展空间 ample room for development 重复生产 duplication of production 出口加工区 export processing zone
出口商品和服务 goods and services for export 储运 storage and transport 传统产业 traditional industries
传销 pyramid sales;multi-level marketing 创业机制business mechanism
刺激经济活动 stimulate economic activities 刺激有效需求 stimulate effective demand
促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy 大幅度跃升 rise by a big margin 大开发 the large-scale development 带动经济增长 spur economic growth 独资公司 exclusively-funded venture 翻两番 quadruple
繁荣与稳定 prosperity and stability
非公有制经济 non-public sectors of the economy 风险资金 venture capital 房地产 real estate 首付 down-payment 业主 home owner
房产权威部门 housing authority
住房贷款 housing loan
房屋空置率 housing vacancy rate
个人购房贷款 individual housing loan
按揭 mortgage
物业 property management
房地产开发商 real estate developer
未售出的存量房 stockpile of unsold houses
房契、产权 title
改革的力度 the momentum of reform
改组、重组 restructure
高新技术产业 high and new technology industries
个人消费贷款 individual consumption loan
个体、私营 self-employed or private enterprises
更具活力更加开放的经济体系 a more open and viable economic system
工业园区 industrial park
公司法人责任制 the corporate legal person responsibility system
公投 referendum
公有制经济 the public sector of the economy
股份制 joint-stock system
固定资产投资 investment in the fixed assets
国际信托投资 international trust and investment
国民经济 the national economy
国民经济的支柱 pillar of the national economy
国民经济命脉 the lifeline of the national economy
国有经济的布局和结构 layout and structure of the state sector
国有企业 state-owned enterprises（SOE）
国有企业改革和发展 the reform and development of state-owned enterprises
合法经营 lawful business operations
黑市 black market
基础设施 infrastructure
减员增效downsize staffs and improve efficiency
节约的，经济的economical
经济弊病economic ills
经济带economic belts
经济发展的良好势头a good momentum of economic growth
经济杠杆作用economic leverage
经济结构战略性调整strategic adjustment of the economic structure
经济全球化 economic globalization
经济特区 special economic zones（SEZ）
经济文化交流 economic and cultural exchanges
经济效益好 good economic returns
经济增长 economic growth
经济总量 economic aggregate
可持续发展 sustainable development
跨越式发展 leapfrog development
扩大内需 expand domestic demand
拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth
劳动力 labor
劳务输出 export of labor services
两岸经济合作 cross-straits economic cooperation
民营科技企业 non-public scientific and technological enterprises
南北差距 the north-south gap
农村富余劳动力 surplus rural labor
农业的市场竞争力 competitiveness of agriculture in the market
泡沫经济bubble economy
贫富悬殊 income disparity
贫困地区 impoverished areas
贫困人口 impoverished people
瓶颈制约 bottleneck restrictions
取得领先地位 assume leadership
取缔非法收入 outlaw illegal gains
人民币非常坚挺 the RMB is very strong/ firm
三资企业（中外合资企业、中外合作企业、外商独资企业）
Sino-foreign joint ventures, cooperative businesses and exclusively foreign-owned enterprises in China
社会经济稳定 social and economic stability
社会就业比较充分a higher rate of employment
社会生产落后 the backwardness of social production
社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy
社会主义现代化建设 socialist modernization
深化国有企业改革to deepen SOE（state-owned enterprises）reform
生活富裕 an affluent life
世界经济波动world economic fluctuations
市场经济秩序 the order of the market economy
市政工程 municipal works;public works
试点工程、试点项目 pilot project
收入悬殊 excessive disparity in income
私营部分 private sector
私营企业 private enterprise
商业银行 commercial banks 建设银行 construction bank 工商银行 industrial & commercial bank 中国银行 bank of China 农业银行 agricultural bank 交通银行bank of communications 招商银行 merchants bank 税收taxation 农业税 agricultural tax 保税区 bonded area 消费税 consumption tax 个人所得税 personal income tax 财产税 property tax 保护关税 protective duty/tariff 岁入税；关税收入revenue tax 营业税 sales tax 关税 tariff 逃税、漏税 tax evasion 免税期 tax holiday 纳税人 tax payer 税收政策 tax policy 税收减除 tax relief 脱贫致富shake off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity 拓宽消费领域expand the scope of consumption 投资 investment 投资地点investment destination 投资环境investment environment 投资机构investment institutions 投资热investment fever 投资者investor 投资政策investment policy W 外商直接投资foreign direct investment 外向型经济outward-looking economy 外资企业overseas-funded enterprises;foreign-funded company 完善的社会主义市场经济体制full-fledged socialist market economy 温饱 having only adequate food and clothing 稳定物价 stabilize prices 稳健的货币政策the sound monetary policy 外汇 foreign exchange 外汇储备 reign exchange reserves 外汇管理局 SAFE（State Administration of Foreign Exchange）
外汇管制 foreign exchange control
外汇汇率 foreign exchange rate
外商直接投资 direct foreign investment
X
西部地区China's western region
西部大开发 the large-scale development of China‟s western region
下岗失业人员再就业reemploy laid-off workers
消费需求的不足insufficient consumer spending
消费者权益日 International Day for Consumers' Rights and Interests
国际交流和合作international exchanges and cooperation
新的经济增长点new growth areas in the economy
需求疲软weak demand
Y
亚洲金融危机the Asian financial crisis
衣食住用行food, clothing, housing, transport and daily necessities
优化消费结构optimize the consumption structure
Z
招商inviting tenders;leasing
振兴装备制造业revival of the equipment manufacturing industry
政府资助项目government-sponsored programs
质检QC（quality check）
中部地区the central region
中长期国外投资medium-and long-term foreign investment
中国出口商品交易会（广交会）China Export Commodities Fair（Guangzhou Fair）
中国加入世贸组织China's entry into the WTO
中国购物中心论坛 China Shopping Center Forum
中国电信 China Telecom
中国联通 China Unicom
中国移动 China Mobile
中信（中国国际信托投资公司）Citic group
中央银行 the Central Bank / PBOC
专卖店 exclusive agency;franchised store
资源消耗低low resources consumption
资源优化配置 optimize resource allocation
自负盈亏responsible for one's own profits and losses
自给自足autarky
自由贸易free trade
自由贸易区free trade zone
自由职业人员free-lance professionals
重点项目 key project
国家重点工程national key projects
南水北调 South-to-North water diversion
西电东送 West-East electricity transmission project
西气东输 West-East natural gas transmission project
第三章 文化，艺术，娱乐
Section I 英译中
音乐
aria n.独唱曲，咏叹调
background music n.背景音乐
band n.乐队
baritone n.男中音
bass n.低音部，男低音，低音乐器
beat n.节奏，鼓点
brass n.铜管乐器，或铜管乐队
Broadway musicals n.百老汇音乐剧
canon n.卡农，一种乐曲形式，其中同样的旋律被一个或多个声部重复，同一调或相关调彼此在时间上重合 chord n.和弦，和音
composer n.作家，作曲家
concerto n.协奏曲
conductor n.管弦乐队、合唱队指挥
contemporary music n.当代音乐
crescendo n.声音渐增，渐强
decrescendo n.渐弱
dissonanc n.不谐和音，不一致
duet n.二重奏
finale n.（戏剧的）最后一场，结局，终曲，（电视剧）最后一集
flat n.[音]降半音
fox trot n.狐步舞，狐步舞曲
fugue n.[音]赋格曲
genre n.类型，流派
acid jazz 酸性爵士
alternative 另类（非主流）音乐，如gay music（同性恋音乐）
bluegrass 蓝草音乐--起源于美国南方的民间音乐，特色为音乐轻快和象爵士乐那样即兴演奏
blues 布鲁斯歌曲（蓝调音乐）
Celtic 凯尔特音乐（尤指爱尔兰风格）
classical 古典乐
country 乡村音乐
dance 劲爆蹦迪音乐
easy listening轻音乐
electronica 电子音乐
environmental music 环境音乐
experimental 实验音乐
folk 民族音乐
fusion 融合音乐
heavy metal / hard rock 重金属摇滚
hip-hop / urban 嘻蹦乐，又译嘻哈
house 电子乐的一种（注：Hip Hop或Rap源于纽约黑人区，House Music源于芝加哥，但多为白人所作，同时House Music主要为强调Bass Line及Drums的音乐花招，并不涉及文化觉醒或社会运动等主题。）
Indie-Rock独立音乐（属于另类音乐）
jazz 爵士乐
Jazz Blues 爵士布鲁斯
Latin 拉丁乐
musicals 音乐剧
New Age 新时代乐风--以在某些乐器上宁静的即兴创作为特征的现代音乐，例如风琴、吉它或合成器。以梦幻般的悦耳音乐和民族器乐的乐风而闻名
Punk /New wave 朋克 / 新浪潮
R & B 节奏布鲁斯
Rap 说唱
Reggae 雷鬼乐，一种风格独特的牙买加音乐
Retro 怀旧音乐
Soft rock 慢摇滚
soul music（美国黑人）爵士灵歌，结合了福音唱诗以及节奏布鲁斯音乐的特点
soundtrack 电影配乐
swing 摇摆乐，形成于1935年前后的一种流行舞蹈音乐，以爵士乐为基础，但运用更简单的和声和节奏形式以及更大的管乐队
Techno 强烈动感的电子音乐
Trance 非常Hi的电子舞曲，迷幻电子乐
gospel n.福音音乐
harmony n.[音]和弦，和声，悦耳的声音组合 hymn n.赞美诗，圣歌v.唱赞美歌
improvisation n.即席创作
lip synching v./n.对口型，假唱
lyrics n.抒情诗，歌词
march n.[音] 进行曲
melody n.旋律
opera n.歌剧
opus n.作品
orchestra n.管弦乐队
a large musical ensemble consisting of string, woodwind, brass, and percussion instruments
percussion n.打击乐器，鼓点
polka n.波尔卡舞曲
pop music n.流行音乐，通俗音乐
quartet n.四重奏，四重唱
Renaissance n.文艺复兴，有文艺复兴时期的艺术风格的音乐
the period in Western Europe from 1400-1600;the style of music from this period
repertoire n.（准备好演出的）节目，保留剧目
an inventory of compositions mastered and performed by a musician or ensemble
Requiem Mass n.安魂曲
a Mass for the dead
rhumba n.（=rumba）伦巴舞蹈，伦巴乐曲
a ballroom dance based on the Afro Cuban rumba
rhythm n.节奏，韵律
rock n.摇滚乐
salsa n.萨尔萨舞曲，拉丁美洲一种流行舞曲
samba n.桑巴舞（一种源自非洲的巴西舞）
score n.乐谱
solo n.独奏曲，独唱
sonata n.[音]奏鸣曲
a multimovement composition for solo instrument, or instruments and keyboard accompaniment
soprano n.女高音
symphony n.交响乐，交响曲
tango n.探戈
an Argentinean dance in duple meter with long, gliding steps
tempo n.（音乐）速度、拍子，发展速度
the speed of the music, based on the beat
tenor n.[音] 男高音
a high pitched male voice
theme n.[音] 主题，主题曲，主旋律
theme and variations n.[音]主题与变奏
trio n.三重唱
vocal range n.音域
waltz n.华尔兹舞，华尔兹舞曲
SECTION II: 中译英
2.1 中国文化
四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China
[扩展]
火药gunpowder
印刷术 printing
造纸术paper-making
指南针the compass
中国古代哲学家 Ancient Chinese Philosophers
孔子 Confucius
孟子Mencius
老子 Lao Tzu
庄子Chuang Tzu
墨子Mo Tzu
孙子Sun Tzu
（注：see attached for famous quotations of Ancient Chinese Philosophers 引言见附录）
道Tao , “the way”，the principle of the workings of the universe
仁 humaneness（also mean: humanity, benevolence, goodness, virtue）
四书The Four Books
《大学 》The Great Learning
《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean
《论语》The Analects of Confucius
《孟子》The Mencius
书法五大书体five major styles of calligraphy
篆书 seal script / seal character
隶书 official script / clerical script
行书 running script / semi-cursive script
草书 cursive script
楷书 regular script / standard script
中国画 traditional Chinese painting
水墨画Chinese brush painting;ink and wash painting
工笔 traditional Chinese realistic painting
六艺： six classical arts
[扩展]
礼rites
乐music
射archery
御riding
书writing
数arithmetic
孙子兵法The Art of War
汉字 Chinese character
（汉字）笔画 stroke
偏旁部首 radical
书写体系 writing system
汉藏语系Sino-Tibetan
汉学家Sinologist / Sinologue
中国热 Sinomania
同宗同源 of the same origin
华夏祖先 the Chinese ancestors
单音节 single syllable
汉语有 “合理的逻辑性” Chinese language is “soberly logical”（Edward Sapir, American linguist）
汉语四声调the four tones of Chinese characters
level tone阳平
rising tone阴平
falling-rising tone上声
falling tone去声
武术 martial art
中国武术 Kung fu
武术门派 styles or schools of martial art
习武健身practice martial art for fitness
古代格斗术ancient form of combat
中国武术协会 Chinese Martial Art Association
武林高手top martial artist
气功Qigong, deep breathing exercises
柔道 judo
空手道Karate
跆拳道tae kwon do
拳击boxing
摔跤wrestling
击剑fencing
仗剑走天涯walk the earth（with a sword）
武侠小说 tales of roving knights;kung fu novels
中国文学Chinese literature
《三国演义》Three Kingdoms
《西游记》 Journey to the West;Pilgrimage to the West
《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions
《山海经》 the Classic of Mountains and Rivers
《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror；Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers
《西厢记》 the Romance of West Chamber
《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes;Tales of the Water Margin
《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio;Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio
《围城》Fortress Besieged
《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q
春秋 the Spring and Autumn Annals
史记 Historical Records
诗经 The Books of Songs；the Book of Odes
书经 The Books of History
易经 I Ching;the Book of Changes
礼记 the Book of Rites
孝经Book of Filial Piety
三字经 three-character scripture； three-word chant
八股文 eight-part essay;stereotyped writing
五言绝句 five-character quatrain
七言律诗 seven-character octave
中国建筑 Chinese architecture
四合院 quadrangle, the traditional Chinese single-story houses with rows of rooms around the four sides of a courtyard
蒙古包（Mongolian）yurt
碑刻，碑文，碑铭inscriptions on a tablet
碑林the forest of steles, tablet forest
道观Taoist temple
殿hall
烽火台 beacon tower
鼓楼 drum tower
华表 ornamental column
回廊corridor
祭坛 altar
假山rockeries
角楼watchtower
廊 corridor
牌楼 pailou, decorated archway
桥bridges
石舫 stone boat
石窟 grotto
水榭 pavilion on the water
塔 pagoda;tower
台 terrace
坛altar
亭阁 pavilion
钟楼 bell tower
柱pillar, column, post 陵墓 emperor‟s mausoleum/tomb
重要文化遗产major cultural heritage 优秀民间艺术outstanding folk arts 文物cultural relics 中国结 Chinese knot 旗袍Cheongsam 中山装Chinese tunic suit 唐装traditional Chinese garments（clothing），Tang suit 景泰蓝cloisonné
朝廷使者 royal court envoy 文人 men of letters 雅士 refined scholars 文化产业culture industry 文化底蕴cultural deposits 文化事业cultural undertaking 文化交流cross-cultural communication 文化冲突culture shock 民族文化national culture 民间文化folk culture 城镇文化urban culture 乡村文化rural culture 当地文化native culture 表演艺术performing art 现代流行艺术popular art, pop art 纯艺术high art 高雅艺术refined art 电影艺术cinematographic art 戏剧艺术theatrical art [扩展] 生（男性正面角色）male（the positive male role）
旦（女性正面角色）female（the positive female role）
净（性格鲜明的男性配角）a supporting male role with striking character 丑（幽默滑稽或反面角色）a clown or a negative role 花脸painted role 独角戏 monodrama；one-man show 歌舞喜剧musical 滑稽场面，搞笑小噱头shtick 滑稽短剧skit 京剧票友 amateur performer of Beijing Opera / Peking Opera fan 京剧人物脸谱Peking Opera Mask 口技 ventriloquism
木偶戏 puppet show
旁白voice over
皮影戏 shadow play;leather-silhouette show
说书 story-telling
叠罗汉 make a human pyramid
折子戏 opera highlights
踩高跷stilt walk
哑剧 pantomime;mime
哑剧演员 pantomimist
戏剧小品 skit
马戏circus show
单口相声monologue comic talk, standup comedy
特技表演stunt
相声witty dialogue comedy, comic cross talk
杂技 acrobatics
京韵大鼓the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment
秦腔shaanxi opera
篆刻sealcutting
阴文characters cut in intaglio
阳文characters cut in relief
图章 seal
刻刀graver
拓碑 making rubbings from stone inscriptions
拓片 rubbing
工艺，手艺 workmanship / craftsmanship
手工艺品 handicraft
木雕wood carving
黄杨木雕boxwood craft
雕漆carved lacquerware
石雕stone carving
微雕 miniature engraving
象牙雕ivory carving
竹雕bamboo engraving
贝雕shell carving
冰雕 ice sculpture
彩塑painted sculpture
瓷釉enamel
刺绣embroidery
卷轴scroll
蜡染batik
泥人 clay figure
漆画lacquer painting
漆器Lacquer ware
青瓷色Celadon
双面绣two-sided embroidery
水墨画Landscape/ ink painting
苏绣Suzhou embroidery
檀香扇sandalwood fan
唐三彩Trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty
陶器 pottery
制陶业Ceramics
文房四宝The four stationery treasures of the Chinese study---a writing brush, an ink stick, an ink stone and paper
砚刻inkslab engraving
宜兴陶Yixing pottery
折扇Folding fan
枝编工艺Wickerwork
织锦，挂毯Tapestry
纸工艺品papier mache
中国画Chinese painting
民间传说 folklores
寓言fable
传说 legend
神话mythology
玉皇大帝God of Heaven
八仙 the Eight Immortals
嫦娥 Chang‟e, the Chinese moon goddess
伏羲 Fu Xi, God of Fishery and Husbandry
福禄寿三星god of fortune, god of prosperity, god and longevity
财神 god of fortune
灶神 god of the kitchen
共工 Gonggong, God of Water
后羿 Houyi（a legendary hero who shot down nine suns）
黄帝 Yellow Emperor
夸父 Kuafu（a fabled sun-chasing giant）
女娲 Nuwa : a goddess who patches up the sky
盘古 Pan Gu , creator of the universe
神农 Patron of Agriculture
禹 Yu , the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty
祝融 Zhurong, God of Fire
古为今用，洋为中用make the past serve the present and the foreign serve china 赋诗inscribe a poem
对对联matching an antithetical couplet
阳历Solar calendar
公历Gregorian calendar
阴历Lunar calendar
天干heavenly stem
地支earthly branch
闰年leap year
二十四节气the twenty-four solar terms
十二生肖zodiac
Rat 鼠
Ox 牛
Tiger 虎
Hare 兔
Dragon 龙
Snake 蛇
Horse 马
Sheep 羊
Monkey 猴
Rooster 鸡
Dog 狗
Pig猪
猴年 year of monkey
本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches
传统节日traditional holidays
春节 Spring Festival
拜年pay a New Year visit
爆竹，鞭炮firecracker
除夕 Eve of Chinese New Year
春联 Spring couplets
辞旧迎新 ring out the old year and ring in the new
饺子 Jiaozi, boiled dumpling
锅贴 pot sticker
庙会 temple fair
鸣钟辞旧岁ring out the old year
年画（traditional）New Year pictures
年夜饭 the Eve Feast;family reunion dinner on Lunar New Year‟s Eve
年终大扫除 year-end household cleaning
守岁 stay up late on the New Year‟s Eve
团圆饭 family reunion dinner
压岁钱 New Year gift-money;money given to children as a New Year gift
舞龙dragon dance
元宵节 Lantern Festival（15th day of the first lunar month）
元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings
花灯festival lantern
灯谜lantern riddle
狮子舞 lion dance
踩高跷stilt walking
清明节 Pure Brightness Festival / Tomb-sweeping Day（April the 5th）
扫墓sweep tomb sites of loved ones
古文明研究中心 Research Center for Ancient Civilizations 中外学者 Chinese and overseas scholars 考古学家 archaeologists 人类学家 anthropologist 历史学家 historian 地理学家geographer
江南水乡 the south of the lower reaches of the Yangze River 水乡景色 riverside scenery 2.2 体育，娱乐
2008夏季奥运会 2008 summer Olympics
祭祖offer sacrifices to the ancestors
踏青go for an outing in spring
端午节 Dragon Boat Festival（5th of the fifth lunar month）
赛龙舟dragon boat race
粽子 zongzi（pyramid-shaped dumpling made by glutinous rice wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves）
Departed soul 亡灵
忠臣loyal minister
诗人屈原Quyuan the poet
中秋节 Moon Festival / Mid-Autumn Day（15th of the eight lunar month）
月饼 mooncake
赏月 appreciate the glorious full moon
团圆 reunion
桂花 sweet osmanthus
重阳节 Double Ninth Day / the Aged Day
赏菊 admire the beauty of chrysanthemum
登高 climb mountain
中药TCM traditional Chinese medicine（详见HEALTH一章）
秦始皇帝 First Emperor, Emperor Chin
皇太后 Empress Dowager
汉高祖刘邦founder of the Han Dynasty（206BC-220AD）
成吉思汗 Genghis Khan;Temujin
才子佳人 gifted scholars and beautiful ladies
文明摇篮 cradle of civilization
夏朝 Xia Dynasty
明清两代（of）Ming and Qing dynasties
中华文明 Chinese civilization
文明摇篮 cradle of civilization
地名：特别注意四川和陕拼法
四川 Sichuan, Szechwan, Szechuan
陕西 Shaanxi 主办2008年奥运会 host the 2008 Olympic Games 奥运会火炬 Olympic torch 奥运村 Olympic village 奥运选手 Olympian
奥运会核心精神 the core spirit of the Olympic games 更快、更高、更强 Citius, Altius, Fortius 东道国 host country 主办城市 host city
冬奥会 Olympic Winter Games
国际奥委会 IOC（International Olympic Committee）会歌 anthem 会徽 emblem 申办 bid
申办成功 win the bidding 板球 criket
公开赛 open / open tournament 锦标赛 championships
国家体育总局 State Physical Culture Administration 健美运动 bodybuilding 教练 coach / trainer 举重 weight lifting 马术 equitation
球类运动 ball games 赛马 horse race 射击 shooting 射箭 archery
室内运动 indoor sports 室外运动 outdoor sports
体育道德、运动家精神 sportsmanship 田径 track and field 跳高 high jump
跳远 long jump
马拉松 marathon
职业选手 professional athlete
自行车赛 cycling
跨栏 hurdle race
体操 gymnastics
接力赛 relay race
冰球 hockey
娱乐 recreation / entertainment
[扩展]
豆沙sweet bean paste 蛋黄egg yolk
咸蛋黄 marinated egg yolk 海鲜seafood 扇贝scallop 大葱scallion 葱green onion 肉馅minced meat 鱼糜minced fillet 虾糜minced shrimp
《伯尔尼公约》（有关保护文学和艺术作品版权的公约）Berne Convention
比基尼 bikini
茶道 sado
敞蓬车 convertible
宠物医院 pet clinic
传媒 media
吹风会 briefing
大开眼界 open one's eyes;broaden one's horizon;be an eye-opener
大众传媒 mass media（of communications）
发烧友 zealot;enthusiastic fan
狗仔队 paparazzo（singular），paparazzi（plural）
广告妙语 punch line
吉尼斯世界记录 Guinness Book of Records
家庭影院 home theater
票房 box office
泼水节 Water-Sprinkling Festival
群众精神文化生活people's cultural life
人体彩绘 body painting
迪斯尼乐园 Disneyland
米老鼠 Mickey mouse
唐老鸭 Donald Duck
特技演员stunt man
替身演员 stand-in;double
选美 beauty contest, beauty pageant
综艺节目 variety show
2.3 饮食文化
各大菜系 major styles of cooking / cuisine
粽子Zongzi: a pyramid-shaped dumpling made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves（eaten on the Dragon Boat Festival）
月饼moon cake
蜜饯candied preserved fruit / sweetened preserved plums 饺子Jiaozi boiled dumpling 八宝饭8-treasure rice 鲤鱼carp
青鱼black carp 草鱼grass carp
欧洲鲫鱼crucian carp 鲫鱼golden carp 鲈鱼bass
桂鱼Chinese perch 石斑鱼garoupa
三文鱼/ 大麻哈鱼salmon 金枪鱼tuna 鳕鱼cod
年糕rice cakea room with one bed for one person n.单人房（一张床）
twin rooma room for two persons with a double bed n.双人房（一张床）
triple rooma room directly facing the ocean n.面朝海洋的房间
ocean view-a room from which it is possible to secure a view of the ocean（usually located on the side of the hotel）海景房
wet bar小吧台 n.（旅馆房间里有自来水和水槽的小吧台）
book/ reserve a room v.订房
booth n.餐厅中的包厢或火车座
bowling alley n.保龄球场
check in v.入住
check out v.结账、退房
close-circuit television n.闭路电视
deposit n.预定金
discotheque n.迪斯科舞厅
front desk;reception desk n.前台
gym n.健身房
hotel registration form n.旅馆登记表
karaoke n.卡拉OK
lobby n.大堂
make a reservation 预订
massage parlor n.按摩室，（挂按摩院招牌的）妓院
pool table n.台球桌
stay at v.在……下榻
2.air transportation n.空运，坐飞机旅行
connecting flight n.转接班机
direct flight n.直航（不换飞机，但中途可能有停）
electronic ticket n.电子机票
non-stop flight n.直达航班
baggage allowance n.免费行李配额
coach class n.经济舱
commercial carriers n.客运飞机，列车等
first class n.头等舱
air mile n.空英里，空中飞行的长度单位，相当于一国际海里（6,076.115英尺）
travel insurance n.旅行保险
PAI（personal accident insurance）n.人身意外伤害险
force majeure n.不可抗力（如风暴，战争等）
3.car rental n.租车
van n.厢式车； 商旅车
compact adj./ n.小型轿车
mid-sized adj.中型汽车
full-sized adj.大型轿车（六人坐）
sedan 四门轿车
convertible 敞蓬车
drop-off charge n.甲地租车，乙地还车所收取的费用
Value Added Tax（VAT）n.增值税（欧洲国家对货品和服务所课征的营业税，一般可退还给游客）
4.hotel n.旅馆
apartment hotel n.酒店式公寓
B & Bthe Sun Watching Peak
玉皇顶 Peak of the Heavenly Emperor
黄山 Mount Huangshan;Yellow Mountain 紫金山天文台 Purple Mountain Observatory 南天门The Heavenly Southern Gate 午门meridian gate
天坛 the Temple of Heaven 紫禁城the Forbidden City 故宫the Imperial Place
故宫博物院 the Palace Museum 护城河Moat 回音壁echo wall
居庸关Juyongguan pass 长寿山the longevity hill 九龙壁the nine dragon wall 黄龙洞the yellow dragon cave 大清真寺great mosque
黄帝陵Huang Di Mausoleum 十三陵Ming Tombs
中山陵Dr.Sun Yat-sen‟s Mausoleum
成吉思汗陵 Mausoleum of Genghis Khan 鲁迅故居Luxun‟s former residence（重庆）渣滓洞 Cinder Cave（重庆）红岩村 Red Crag Village（延安）宝塔山 Pagoda Hill 东方威尼斯Oriental Venice 苏州园林 Suzhou gardens 狮子林 Lion Grove Garden 怡园 Joyous Garden 留园lingering Garden
网师园 Garden of the Master of Nets
耦园（谐音偶，佳偶之意）Garden of Couple‟s Retreat西湖 West Lake 苏堤 Su Causeway
白堤 Bai Causeway
断桥 Broken Bridge
外西湖 Outer West Lake
九寨沟jiuzhaigou
布达拉宫Potala Palace
日月潭 Lake Sun Moon
3）名胜古迹places of scenic beauty and historical interests / scenic spots and historical sites
[扩展]
堡fort, fortress
避暑山庄 mountain resort 避暑胜地 summer resort 冬季旅游胜地Winter resort 度假胜地 holiday resort 佛教胜地 Buddhist resort 滑雪胜地Ski resort 冰山iceberg 火山 volcano 青山green hill
场所site, venue, locale, seat
城堡castle
长廊The Long Corridor
殿hall
拱顶vault
鼓楼 drum-tower
荷塘lotus pond
湖石假山Lakeside rocks and rockeries
祭坛 altar
角楼watchtower
九曲桥Bridge of Nine Turnings
廊 corridor
陵墓 emperor‟s mausoleum/tomb
楼 tower;mansion
牌楼pailou, decorated archway
桥bridges
水榭 pavilion on the water
塔 pagoda;tower
台 terrace
坛altar
梯staircase
亭阁 pavilion
亭台楼阁pavilions, terraces, and towers;a general reference to the elaborate Chinese architecture
溪streams
行宫A temporary imperial palace
钟楼bell-tower
柱pillar, column, post
碑刻，碑文，碑铭inscriptions on a tablet
碑林the forest of steles, tablet forest
碑座 pedestal of the tablet
壁画 murals;fresco 出土unearth
道观Taoist temple
道教名山Taoist mountain 堤防embankment 地下军团buried legion 雕塑Sculptures 雕像 statue 顶点Summit
定情之物token of love 洞穴/岩洞 cave;cavern 仿古制品 antique replica 复制品Replica
高超工艺 superior workmanship 孤柏Lone cypress
古董antique, antiquity, curio 古迹place of historical interest
古建筑群 ancient architectural / building complex 古墓 ancient tomb
古松Age-old pine trees 古玩店 antique/curio shop 国家公园 national park 海平面Sea level
号称五岳之首 rank first of the five great mountains in china 后裔Descendant 回廊corridor
甲骨文 inscription on bones and tortoiseshells 假山rockeries
建筑风格Architectural style
江南水乡 south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River 景象Spectacle
领略自然景观的魅力 appreciate the charms of natural landscape
蜜月度假胜地 honeymoon resort
名山 famous mountain / mountain resort
名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers
摩崖石刻Carved out of a cliff
瀑布 waterfall, fall
小瀑布 cascade
飞瀑plunging waterfall
曲阜Qufu
曲径winding path
人文景观places of historic figures and cultural heritage
雪山Snow-capped mountain 釉面砖Glazed tile
御花园 imperial garden
园林建筑Garden architecture 原始森林virgin forest 藻类algae
植物园botanical garden 主题公园 theme park
自然景观natural attraction;natural landscape / scenery 综合建筑building complex
人造物品Artifact
日出Sunrise
日落Sunset
溶洞water-eroded cave
溶岩景色，喀斯特地貌Karst scenery
石舫 stone boat
石灰池Calcified pond
石灰岩洞limestone cave
石窟 grotto
石牌Stone steles
石桥Stone bridge
石笋stalagmite
石像Portrait stone
世界第八大奇迹eighth wonder of the world
世界七大奇迹seven wonders of the world
世界文化遗产保护地World Heritage Sites（WHS）
世界之窗 Window of the World
书法真迹 calligraphic relics
水乡景色 riverside scenery
私家园林Private garden
四大奇观Four wonders
缩影Miniature
天下第一洞The most spectacular cave unparalleled elsewhere in the world
天下第一泉The finest spring under heaven
武当功夫 Wudang martial arts
险峰perilous peaks
香格里拉Shangri-la（earthly paradise or utopia--generally secluded and peaceful）
镶嵌inlay
修复Renovate
雪峰snow-topped peaks 坐佛Sitting Buddha
5）历史人文 history and human culture [扩展]
春秋时期The Spring and Autumn Period 吐蕃王国 Tubo Kingdom 王朝dynasty
旧石器时代Paleolithic times
新石器时代 the Neolithic Age;New Stone Age' 玛雅文化 Mayan civilization
母系氏族社会 matriarchal clan society 清朝帝王Qing emperors
文成公主Tang Princess Wencheng
春秋时代The Spring and Autumn Period
大思想家和教育家A great thinker and educator 慈禧太后Empress Dowager CiXi 祭祀offer sacrifices 君主monarch
皇妃Imperial concubine 丞相Prime minister 太监Court eunuch 古装Ancient costume 朝代dynasty
历代various dynasty 少数民族ethnic minority 蒙古族Mongolian 藏族Tibetan 维吾尔族Uygur
纳西族Naxi minority
阿坝藏族自治州Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture 古代器具Ancient utensils 考古学家archaeologist
发掘unearth 吉尼斯世界纪录The Guinness Book of World Records 公元 AD（Anno Domini）公元前 BC（Before Christ）诞生地 Birthplace 历史文物 historical relics 历史遗迹 historical site 青铜器Bronze ware 文人men of letters 雅士refined scholars
景色如画 picturesque views
乐不思蜀too delighted to be homesick
琳琅满目 a superb collection of beautiful things;an eyeful of goodies 鳞次栉比 row upon row of;packed with
玲珑剔透 exquisitely carved/ made/ wrought 流连忘返 linger on;too delighted to leave 绿水青山 green hills and clear waters
迷人 enchanting / bewitching / fascinating 墨客骚人 men of letters
奇峰异石 picturesque peaks and rocks 文物cultural relics
西域western countries
6）经典描绘语句 classic descriptions
[扩展]
八方来客 tourists from all parts of the world
保存完好 well-preserved
波光粼粼的湖sparkling lake
苍松翠柏 green pines and cypresses
层峦叠嶂 range upon range of mountains / the hills rise around…
姹紫嫣红 a blaze of bright colors/ colorful
崇山峻岭 steep mountains
船移景换 each turn of the boat affords a different scenery / view
纯洁 purity
雕梁画栋 carved beams and painted pillars
洞天福地 scenery of exceptional charm
陡峭的precipitous
阴云蔽日 overcast
飞流急湍 whirlpools and rapids
峰回路转 the paths running sinuously amid the peaks
高超工艺 / 工艺精湛exquisite workmanship / superior craftsmanship
古香古色of antique beauty
宏伟的Majestic
宏伟挺拔 towering magnificence
湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills
华丽的gorgeous
吉利的propitious
极目远眺 look as far as the eye can see
金碧辉煌 splendid and magnificent
尽收眼底 hold a panoramic view
惊叹不已（be）marveled;marvel at…
惊涛拍岸 raging waves pound on the banks 奇花异草 exotic flowers and herbs 奇珍异宝 rare treasure 巧妙设计well-designed
青山不断 green hills roll on endlessly 清澈见底limpid 曲折tortuous
群山环抱 surrounded by mountains / hills
日出（日落）的壮丽景色 the glory of the sunrise（sunset）如画picturesque 如诗poetic
山峦迭翠 range upon range of green hills
山水风光 scenery with mountains and rivers;landscape 闪闪发光glittering，sparkling, winkling 赏心悦目 delightful
天方夜谭（lit.）the Arabian nights（褒义）exotic
（贬义）a sheer fallacy
天下奇观wonder;marvelous spectacle 蜿蜒流淌的河水winding river 蜿蜒曲折 winding/ zigzagging
万紫千红 a variety of colors;a riot of colors 巍然屹立 towering
蔚为壮观splendid/ spectacular
闻名遐迩 known far and wide;well-known;famous;world-renowned 无边无际boundless
无可抗拒的overpowering
熙熙攘攘 crowded/ hustle and bustle 侠义心肠chivalrous 仙境wonderland
鲜花盛开flowers in blossom
相映成趣 form delightful contrast
心旷神怡 completely relaxed and happy/ delighted
雄伟险峻 precipitous
悬崖绝壁cliff/precipice
绚丽多姿 colorful
烟波浩渺 a wide expanse of misty waters
一览无余 hold all views in sight/ in a single glance
依山傍水 nestling under a mountain and near a river
意犹未尽linger on
优雅的exquisite, graceful, elegant
诱人景色 inviting views
鱼米之乡a land of milk and honey
郁郁葱葱luxuriantly green
枝繁叶茂 luxuriant
庄严grandeur
庄严肃穆solemn
壮丽景色 spectacular scene
忽暗忽明，幻影迭显 mysteriously veiled in mountain mist
船行水上，人游画中 people tour in „pictures‟ while boats sail on water
上有天堂，下有苏杭 In heaven there is the paradise, and on earth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou./ As there is the paradise in heaven, so there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳 Trips to China‟s five great mountains render trips to other mountains unnecessary, and a trip to Huangshan renders trips to the five great mountains unnecessary.桂林山水甲天下，阳朔山水甲桂林 Guilin landscape tops those elsewhere,and Yangshuo landscape tops that of Guilin.五岳 china‟s five great /sacred/ divine mountains
天下第一奇山 the most fantastic mountain under heaven
黄山四绝 the four unique scenic features: picturesque rocks, legendary pines, the sea of clouds and hot springs
2.3 古代世界七大奇迹
1.巴比伦空中花园 The Hanging Gardens of Babylon
2.阿尔忒弥斯神庙 The Temple of Artemis（Diana）at Ephesus
3.宙斯神像 The Statue of Zeus
4.摩索拉斯陵墓 The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
5.罗德岛太阳神巨像 The Colossus of Rhodes
6.亚历山大灯塔 The Pharos（Lighthouse）of Alexandria
7.埃及金字塔 The Pyramids of Egypt
2.4中国部分世界自然和文化遗产名录
1.长城 the Great Wall of China
2.紫禁城 the Forbidden City
3.敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Grottoes of Dunhuang
4.周口店北京人遗址 Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site
5.泰山Mount Tai
6.黄山 Mount Huangshan
7.武陵源风景名胜区 Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Area
8.九寨沟风景名胜区 Jiuzhaigou Scenic and Historic Area
9.黄龙风景名胜区 Huanglong Scenic and Historic Area
10.承德避暑山庄 Changde Imperial Mountain Resort
11.孔府Confucius Family Mansion
12.孔庙Confucius Temple
13.孔林 Confucius Cemetry
14.武当山古建筑群 Ancient Building Comoplex at Wudangshan
15.布达拉宫 Potala Palace and Jokhang Temple
16.庐山风景名胜区 Lushan National Park
17.峨眉山、乐山大佛 Mount Emei and Leshan Giant Buddha
18.武夷山风景区 Mount Wuyi
第五章 外交和军事
SECTION I: 英译中
1.1外事礼仪
A
acknowledge v.承认
a gathering permeated with a spirit of cordial friendship 充满亲切友情的聚会
a rewarding trip 不虚此行
accommodate vt.供给…住宿，招待； vi.适应，配合
add a new page to the history of 给…的历史增加了新的一页
agenda n.议程
alumnus（alumni）;alumna（alumnae）n.校友
B
banquet n.宴会
BBQ party n.烧烤会
Bon Appetite!int.祝你胃口好！
Bon Voyage!int.旅途愉快！
buffet n.自助餐
buffet reception n.冷餐招待会
C
cheek-to-cheek embrace 贴脸拥抱
cheers int.干杯
closing speech n.闭幕致辞
cocktail party n.鸡尾酒会
colleague（s）n.同仁
commerce ties n.商业关系 coexistence n.共存，共处
congenial atmosphere n.融洽气氛
I‟ve long heard of you 久仰
impromptu speech n.即席讲话
in the company of …/ accompanied by… 在…的陪同下
costume party;masquerade n.化装舞会
courtesy call n.礼节性拜会
D dinner / dinner party n.晚宴
distinguished guest n.贵宾； 佳宾
draw to a close 即将结束
E eloquent remark n.雄辩的（动人的）演讲
entertain v.招待
extraordinary arrangement n.特殊安排；精心安排 eye salute n.注目礼
F farewell ceremony n.欢送仪式
feel honored and privileged 感到荣幸
feel pleased and honored 感到愉快和荣幸
feel proud and honored 感到骄傲和荣幸
fellow citizens n.同胞们
foreign affairs office n.外事办
fulfill one‟s ambitions 展鸿图；酬壮志
G generous hospitality 盛情款待
genuine friendship 真挚友谊
give a dinner for a visitor from afar 接风洗尘
goodwill visit n.友好访问
gracious invitation n.盛情邀请
gracious remark n.热情的演讲，评论
Guest of Honor n.主宾
gun salute n./v.礼炮
H heartfelt gratefulness n.由衷的感谢
hearty embrace n.热烈拥抱
hearty gratitude n.衷心的感谢
heritage n.传统
hospitality n.好客
host a farewell dinner for someone 为…饯行
host country n.主办国；东道主国家
host n.主人
I
inauguration n.开幕式；就职典礼
incomparable hospitality n.无比盛情的款待
itinerary n.活动日程，路线
K, L
kind words of welcome n.友好的欢迎词
lasting friendship n.长久的友谊
long-awaited guest n.盼望已久的客人
look back at the past 回顾过去
look into the future 展望未来
luncheon n.午餐会
M, N, O
motorcade n.车队
nodding acquaintance n.泛泛之交
occasion n.场合；时刻
opening address n.开幕致辞
opening ceremony n.开幕式
P
pay a return visit v.回拜
picnic party n.野餐会
propose a toast v.祝酒
R
receive;play host to v.接待
receptionist n.接待员
reception n.招待会
regard n.尊重；敬意
regards n.问候
renew old friendships（and establish new contacts）友）
S
seating arrangement n.席位安排
signing ceremony n.签约式
sincere gratitude n.真挚的感谢
speech of welcome / address of welcome n.欢迎词
state banquet n.国宴
sworn friend n.刎颈之交
T
take this opportunity 趁此机会
toaster n.祝酒者
重温旧情
（结交新
toast n.祝酒词 U unequalled adj.无与伦比的 unprecedented adj.前所未有的 W warm reception n.热情接待 warm welcome n.热情欢迎 wedding reception n.喜宴
welcoming banquet n.欢迎宴会 welcoming ceremony n.欢迎仪式
common interest n.共同利益 common prosperity n.共同繁荣 communiqué n.联合公报
community of nations n.国际社会 compassion n.同情，怜悯 consolidate v.巩固
constrain vt.约束；强迫
containment n.遏制，遏制政策
contradictory;self-contradictory adj.矛盾；自相矛盾 convention n.大会；条约； 协定； 惯例
1.2两国关系
A
a resolution n.决议
abundant accomplishment n.丰硕的成果
accord with /agree with/conform to/meet v.符合 acknowledge vt.承认
assert v.宣称； 维护
attempt n./ v.尝试
B
beckon v.召唤
boost v.促进，刺激，增进
bilateral adj.双边的
bilateral channels n.双边渠道
bilateral cooperation n.双边合作
bilateral diplomatic activities n.双边外交
bilateral relations n.双边关系
bully v.欺侮；以强凌弱
C
cast off v.丢弃，摆脱
cause n.原因、理想、事业、目标
channel n.渠道
channels of dialog n.对话渠道
chaos n.混乱
clash n.冲突
coercion n.强迫，高压政治
collapse n.溃败；崩溃
commitment n.承诺，义务
common aspiration n.共同希望
common causes n.共同目标；共同理想
common desire n.共同愿望
common developmen n.共同发展
convergence n.集中
counterpart n.相应的、对等的人或物
counterproductive adj.起反作用的； 反效果的 courtesy n.礼貌
crises n.危机；危险期 D
dawning n.黎明；开端 decline n./vi.下降；衰落 defy vt./n.挑战；公然挑衅 delay v./ n.耽搁；拖延 decency n.合宜，得体 delightful adj.令人愉快的 deteriorate vt.使恶化；变糟 deterioration n.衰败 disparity n.不等；不同 dispute n./ v.争端 diverse adj.多变的
diversity n.多样化；气象万千 dominate v.压倒；统治；占优势 E
emancipate vt.释放； 解放 embody vt.体现
embrace v./ n.拥抱；信奉 encroach on 侵犯，蚕食 encroachment n.侵犯 endeavor n.努力
enduring adj.持久的；不朽的 enrich vt.充实
equitable adj.公平的；公正的 era n.纪元
erupt v.突然爆发
escalation n.升级
exacerbate vt.恶化，使…加剧 F flaunt v./n.炫耀；标榜
fluctuation n.波动；起伏不定 foil vt.阻挠；挫败
formulation n.明确表达；简洁陈述 foundation n.基础；基金会 G guarantee n./vt.保证
justice n.正义 L, M
legitimate adj.合法的
maintain v.维持；坚持认为
make great contribution to 对…有重大贡献 malignant adj.恶性的；致命的 manifold n./ adj.多方面的 meddle v.干涉
memorable adj.令人难忘的 mentality n.心理，思维状态
guidance n.指导
gunboat policy（尖船利炮）强权政策
H
hamper v.妨碍；牵制
harness v 管理，支配，控制
hereby adv.在此
hostility n.敌意、敌对状态
I
ideal arena n.理想的场所，舞台
impair v.损害
impetus n.动力
implement n.贯彻
in a friendly manner adv.以友好的方式
in a wide range of areas（就）广泛领域
incapacitate v.使不能胜任
incentive n.动机；动力
in-depth adj.彻底、深入的 integral adj.整体的
international community 国际社会
intervention n.干涉
interventionist n./ adj.主张干涉他国内政者
intimidate v.恐吓，威逼
intricacy n.错综复杂
irresistible adj.不可抗拒的 J
jeopardize v.危及
joint communiqué n.联合公报
joint declaration n.联合声明
joint efforts n.协力
juncture n.时刻、关头；接合点
jurisdiction n.权限；管辖权； 管辖区域
might n.势力，兵力 mighty adj.强大的 mimic vt./adj.模仿
mistrust n.不信任；疑心 multilateral adj.多边的 mutual benefit 互利互惠
mutual complementarities 互补 mutual confidence 相互信任 mutual consultation 共同协商 mutual courtesy 礼尚往来 mutual promotion 相互促进 mutual respect 相互尊重 mutual supervision 互相监督 mutual trust 相互信任
mutual understanding 相互理解 N, O
negotiation n.谈判；协商 objective n.目标；目的 obstacles n.干扰；障碍 obstruct n./v.阻碍 origin n.起源；渊源
overshadow v.弱化；使…黯然失色 P
paralysis n.瘫痪，麻痹
partnership n.合作、合伙关系 peace-loving adj.爱好和平的 perish v.毁灭、死亡 permeate v.渗透
phenomenal adj.非凡的；杰出的 pioneering adj.开拓性的 pool（efforts）v.协力
potential n.潜力；adj.潜在的 prejudice n.偏见； v.损害
prerequisite n.先决条件； adj.首要的，必要的 prescribe v.指示； 规定
prevailing adj.占优势的；盛行的 prior to 在…之前
profound adj.深刻的，意义深远的 proliferation n.扩散
promising adj.有前途的，有希望的
promote/facilitate/enhance/strengthen/ advance v.加强；促进
strengthen the bond 加强联系；加固纽带 subordinate n./ adj.次要、下属、从属的
subsequent adj.后来的，接着发生的，连续的 summit
n.峰会；首脑会议
symbol / symbolize n./ v象征 T
thereby adv.从而
threat v./n.威胁，恐吓 trailblazer n.开拓者
prudence n.审慎；慎重
pursue v.追求
R recognition n.承认，认可
reflect v.反映
refrain v.节制；制止
regime n.政权，体制
resentment n.不满、怨恨
resolutely adv.坚决地； 果敢地
resolution n.决心；决议
respectable adj.可敬的
respective adj.分别的，各自的restructure v.重组；体制改革
reunification n.统一
rhetoric n./adj.修辞； 空话
rival n./v.竞争对手
rivalry n.竞争；敌对状态
S safeguard v./ n.扞卫
sanction v./ n.制裁
score v.取得（成绩、成果…）
setback n.挫折；退步
signify v.表征，意味着
solidarity n.团结
sound adj.健全的source n.来源
sponsor n./v.赞助；主办
stability n.稳定
status quo n.现状
steadfastly adv.踏实地；坚定地
straightforward adj.坦率的；直截了当
trailblazing adj.开拓性 trample n./ v.践踏
tranquil adj.安静、宁静的 transcend vt.凌驾； 超越 trans-century adj.跨世纪的 transition n.转变、过渡 turmoil n.**；冲突 tackle v.处理；对付 take shape v.成形 tense adj.紧张的 U
undermine v.破坏
undesirable adj.不受欢迎的 union n.联盟；工会
unswervingly adv.坚定不移地 V
vigorous adj.强健的； 精力充沛的 volatile adj.不稳定的；多变的 SECTION II: 中译英 中国外交
1.“走出去”（战略）going global 2.安全security, safety 3.霸权hegemony
4.闭关锁国的过去closed-door past 5.闭关政策closed-door policy 6.标准criteria
7.博大深远extensive and profound 8.不对抗non-confrontatio 9.不合理irrationality 10.不结盟non-alignment
11.不可克服的困难insurmountable difficulty
12.不平等inequality 13.不懈的努力 unremitting efforts 14.采取具体步骤 undertake concrete step 15.差距gap 16.尝试attempt 17.充满活力dynamism 18.崇高的事业lofty cause 19.崇高理想grand ideal 20.处理分歧address differences 21.穿梭外交shuttle diplomacy
53.高层次、全方位的对话high-level and all-directional dialogue 54.高峰论坛summit（forum）55.高级官员senior officials 56.隔阂estrangement
57.各国人民的福祉well-being of all nations 58.公告proclamation 59.公平fairness
60.公正，正义justice 61.共识 consensus 62.共赢all-win 22.打破障碍beak down barriers
23.单边的 unilateral
24.单边主义 unilateralism
25.邓小平外交思想 Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts
26.低估 underestimate / underestimation
27.地方矛盾regional conflicts
28.地球村global village
29.地区差异 regional disparity
30.地区**（冲突）regional turmoil（conflicts）
31.独立自主的和平外交政策independent foreign policy of peace
32.独立自主原则principles of independence
33.度假外交holiday-making diplomacy
34.对手opponent;rival
35.对外工作external work
36.多边外交multilateral diplomatic activities
37.多边政策multilateralism
38.多极化multi-polarization
39.多极时代multipolar times
40.多极世界 multipolar world
41.多极性multi-polarity
42.繁荣prosperity
43.繁荣昌盛flourish
44.仿效imitation
45.分工division of responsibilities
46.分裂活动splittist activities
47.分歧 issues of difference
48.否决权veto right
49.复杂多变的国际形势a complex and volatile international situation
50.复杂化complication
51.复杂性complexity
52.改善，改进ameliorate 63.国家元首head of state 1.国与国state-to-state
2.过渡期the transitional period 3.过分go overboard
4.合法权益the legitimate rights and interests 5.合作关系cooperative relationship 6.和睦关系harmonious relationship 7.和平peace
8.和平方式peaceful means
9.和平共处peaceful coexistence 10.和平外交 peace diplomacy 11.后果；结果 consequence
12.互不干涉内部事务noninterference in each other's internal affairs 13.互不往来non-communication 14.互惠合同reciprocal contract
15.互利合作的伙伴partners of mutual benefit and cooperation 16.怀疑suspicion
17.环太平洋国家Pacific rim countries 18.缓解（冲突）buffer（conflicts）
19.恢复行使主权 resume the exercise of sovereignty（over…）20.回顾过去 in retrospect 21.机制mechanism
22.积极防御active defense 23.积极影响positive impact 24.基石cornerstone
25.极大的希望great expectation 26.集合；凝聚aggregation 27.肩负shoulder
28.艰巨任务arduous task
29.建设性的战略伙伴关系a constructive strategic partnership 30.交换意见exchange notes
31.交流观点exchange views 32.结交新友establish new contacts 33.竭力仿效emulate 34.解决分歧resolve differences 35.进步 progress;advancement 36.举世闻名word-renowned 37.军事机密 military intelligence（secrets）38.考验 test 39.肯定传统affirm old tradition 40.框架framework
72.谴责 condemn
73.强权外交 power diplomacy
74.强权政策 power politics
75.强制执行enforcement
76.侵犯violate;encroach on;an encroachment on
77.求同存异seek common ground while reserving/shelving/putting aside differences
78.曲折twists and turns
79.屈服 yield to
80.趋势 trend 41.扩大共识expand the common ground
42.来之不易hard-won
43.乐观精神optimism
44.礼尚往来reciprocity in courtesy;reciprocal（mutual）courtesy
45.礼仪； 行为准则 decencies
46.良好诚意good faith
47.良好周边环境a favorable climate in areas around china
48.良知 conscience
49.两岸关系cross-strait relations
50.领土完整territorial integrity
51.领土争端border or territorial disputes
52.履行国际义务fulfill international obligations
53.盟国ally;allies
54.民间外交people-to-people diplomacy
55.模式mode
56.摩擦friction
57.睦邻友好good-neighborliness
58.睦邻友好关系good-neighbor relationship
59.排除干扰与障碍remove interferences and obstacles
60.排他性集团exclusive group
61.排外主义exclusivism
62.批准ratify
63.平等互利equality and mutual benefit
64.平等互利原则principle of equality and mutual benefit
65.平等伙伴关系equal partnership
66.平等协商equal consultation
67.齐心协力concerted effort
68.歧视discrimination
69.起积极作用make positive contribution to
70.千年millennium
71.前景prospect;future 81.全方位合作all-round cooperation
82.全面的；全方位的all-round;all-around 83.全面接触comprehensive engagement 84.全面提高all-round improvement 85.全球化globalization
86.全世界 the world at large;the world over 87.权利和义务rights and interests 88.让步（make）concessions 89.人道主义者humanitarian 90.融合fusion
91.三边的 trilateral
92.深切哀悼 convey profound condolences to 93.审时度势 size up the situation 94.使命mission
95.事业 undertaking, cause 96.势头momentum
97.树立共有的乐观精神 build shared optimism 98.双边的bilateral
99.双边关系bilateral relations 100.双边合作bilateral cooperation 101.双边渠道bilateral channels
102.双边外交bilateral diplomatic activities 103.双赢局面win-win situation
104.顺利平稳过渡smooth transition of power 105.坦诚深入的candid and in-depth 106.条约 treaty 107.停滞不前 halt
108.同等尊严equal dignity 109.突破break-through 110.团结 unity
111.外部封锁external blockade
112.外交diplomacy
113.外交惯例diplomatic practice
114.外交豁免权diplomatic immunity
115.外交晴雨表diplomatic barometer
116.外交使节diplomatic envoy
117.外交休兵diplomatic truce
118.完全不信任downright distrust
119.完全平等complete equality
120.顽疾stubborn ills
121.为大众谋利seek a common good
122.维护香港的繁荣与稳定 maintain the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong
123.维护正义的 justice-upholding
124.文化交流cultural exchange
125.文化使节cultural ambassador
126.文化摇篮cradle of civilization
127.无情的事实inexorable facts
128.无秩序状态disorder
129.现状current state
130.详细谈论elaborate on
131.协调harmonize
132.协定agreement
133.结盟alliance
134.协议protocol
135.协作coordination
136.携手 join（our）hands;hand-in-hand
137.新的世界形态a new world pattern
138.新殖民主义neo-colonialism
139.宣称； 维护assert
140.宣告，声明 declaration
141.亚太地区the Asia-Pacific region
142.严峻的考验 severe test
143.唁电message of condolences
144.一贯的政策 consistent policy
145.以史为鉴，面向未来 take history as guidance and look into the future
146.意识形态ideology
147.永不屈服never yielding
148.增进increase, strengthen, promote, expand, boost
149.增进了解enhance mutual understanding
150.战略关系strategic relationship
151.战略协作伙伴关系strategic partnership of coordination
152.正常化normalization
153.正确的对外方针correct foreign policy
154.正式访问an official visit
155.政权交接 transfer of government
156.政权交接the transfer of government
157.政治对话political dialogs
158.政治和道义上的支持political and moral support
159.中长期的合作 medium and long term cooperation
160.中日和平友好条约the Sino-Japanese Treaty for Peace and Friendship
161.种族隔离apartheid;racial segregation
162.种族矛盾racial tensions
163.种族歧视racial discrimination
164.着手处理approach（a problem）
165.重新评估reuation
166.主权国家sovereign states
167.驻军 garrison
168.自决自主 self-determination
169.自我封闭 self-reclusive
170.最不发达国家Least-developed countries（LDCs）
171.和平共处五项基本原则the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence
·--平等互利Equality and mutual benefit
·--互相尊重和主权领土完整mutual respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity
·--互不侵犯Non-aggression
·--互不干涉内政Non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries
·--和平共处Peaceful coexistence
第六章 生态、自然和环保
SECTION I: 英译中
A
a killing frost 严寒
abrasion n.侵蚀；磨损
acid rain n.酸雨
[详析]
Acid rain is an air pollution produced when acid chemicals are incorporated into rain, snow, fog or mist.The “acid” in acid rain comes from sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, products of burning coal and other fuels and from certain industrial processes.acidification n.土地酸化
afforestation n.绿化造林
agricultural ecology 农业生态学
air emission standards 空气排放标准
air pollution 空气污染
air pollution emission 空气污染排放（物）
algae n.藻类，海藻
alternative fuels--替代燃料
[详析]
Alternative fuels include compressed natural gas, alcohols, liquefied petroleum gas（LPG），and electricity.altitude n.海拔
carbon dioxide（CO2）n.二氧化碳
carbon monoxide（CO）n.一氧化碳
Clean Air Act n.清洁空气法案
[详析]
The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments are the most far-reaching revisions of the 1970 law.In this summary, we refer to the 1990 amendments as the 1990 Clean Air Act.clean energy n.清洁能源
clean fuels n.清洁燃料
[详析]
ample rainfall n.充足的雨量
annual temperature range 年气温幅度
anomalies n.反常（现象）
aquatic life 水生植物
arid adj.干旱的
artificial rain n.人工降雨
ash n.灰烬
atmosphere（The）n.大气层
Autumnal Equinox（fall equinox）秋分（9月22日左右）
[扩展]
Vernal Equinox（spring equinox）春分（3月21日左右）
B
biosphere n.生物圈
[详析]
The terrestrial biosphere includes the living biota（plants and animals）
and the litter and soil organic matter on land, and the marine biosphere includes the biota and detritus in the oceans.biota n.[生态]生物区
[详析]
Biota means the animal and plant（fauna and flora）life of a given area.barrier effect of mountains 山的阻隔效应、栅栏效应
beachgoer n.海滩游客
biomes n.生物群系
black hole n.黑洞
[详析]
Black hole is a place where the gravity is so strong that light can't even escape from it.how would you know where to look for it? it can also be interpreted as gateways to an alternative universe.C
canopy n.树冠，华盖
car exhaust n.汽车尾气
Low-pollution fuels that can replace ordinary gasoline climate n.气候
climatic anomaly 气候异常 climatic zones 气候带 ［glossary］ [扩展]
Temperate 温带（气候）
the cool temperate zone 寒温带 the warm temperate zone 暖温带 Tropical 热带（气候）
Subtropical 亚热带（气候）Tundra 苔原（气候）Equatorial 赤道（气候）Arid 干旱（气候）
Mediterranean 地中海式（气候）Polar（arctic）极地（气候）Mountains 高山（气候）Plateau 高原（气候）Maritime 海洋性（气候）
Continental climate 大陆气候 clint n.石芽
coastline n.海岸线 combustion n.燃烧 comet n.彗星
confluence n.汇流（处）[详析]
A confluence is where a river joins another river.contamination n.污染 continental plate 大陆板块 continental shelves 大陆架 contingency n.偶发事件 convection n对流
corrasion n.侵蚀
cost-effective adj.成本效益好的，合算的 cumulonimbus clouds n.积雨云
D
daily maximum temperatures n.日最高气温
daily minimum temperatures n.日最低气温
death toll n.死亡人数
debris flow 泥石流
decomposition n.分解，腐烂
deep water n.深冷水区
deforestation n.森林砍伐
[例子]
Efforts have been made to stop deforestation----the removal of forest stands by cutting and burning to provide land for agricultural purposes, residential or industrial building sites, roads, etc.or by harvesting the trees for building materials or fuel.desertification n.（土壤）沙漠化，荒漠化
[例子]
Overgrazing of rangelands, large-scale cutting of forests and woodlands, drought, and burning of extensive areas all serve to destroy or degrade the land cover and cause desertification.domestic sewage n.生活污水
drought n.旱灾
dust storm n.沙尘暴
E
earthquake n.地震
earthquake magnitude 震级
eco-agriculture 生态农业
ecological impact 生态影响
ecosystem n.生态系统
[详析]
An ecosystem is defined as place having unique physical features, encompassing air, water, and land, and habitats supporting plant and animal life.eco-technology 生态技术
eddy n./ v.旋涡，起旋涡
El Nino Southern Oscillation（ENSO）（气候学）厄尔尼诺南徊现象
[详析]
厄尔尼诺是西班牙语“El Nino”的音译。厄尔尼诺洋流南美洲西海岸海洋表面的一支暖洋流，那时海底不再有冷的、丰富营养的海水，能引起鲸鱼和鱼类的死亡并且影响大部分太平洋地区的气候。在南美厄瓜多尔和秘鲁沿岸，海水每年都会出现季节性增暖现象，因为这种现象发生在圣诞节前后，则被当地渔民称为厄尔尼诺-即“圣婴”（上帝之子）的意思。现在厄尔尼诺一词已被气象和海洋学家用来专门指发生在赤道太平洋东部和中部海水大范围持续异常增暖的现象（在海洋气象学中规定，该海域海水表层温度高出气候平均值0.5℃以上，且持续时间超过6个月以上时定为厄尔尼诺出现）。
The term El Nino means „Christ Child‟ and was first used by Peruvian fishermen in the late 1800‟s to describe the warm current appearing off the western coast of Peru around Christmas time.El Nino, and its sister eventare the extreme phases of the southern oscillation, with El Nino referring to a warming of the eastern tropical Pacific, and La Nina a cooling.又见L 词条中La Nina phenomenon 拉尼娜现象
emission n.排气（如汽车废气等）；排放物
environment n.环境
[详析]
Environment refers to the sum of all external conditions affecting the life, development, and survival of an organism.Environment Abstracts 《环境文摘》简称EA
environmental auditing 环境审核
environmental awareness 环保意识
environmental benefit 环境效益
environmental degradation 环境恶化
environmental hazards 环境危机
environmental lapse rate 气温垂直递减率（如由山地地形引起）
environmental management 环境管理
environmental threats 环境威胁
environmentalist n.环境保护主义者
epicenter n.震中
Equator n.赤道
equatorial zone 赤道地区
existing environmental regulations 现有环境规范条例
extinct species 灭绝的物种
F
fjord n.峡湾
firn n.积雪；万年雪；冰原
[详析]
Material that is transitional between snow and glacier ice.It is formed from snow after passing through one summer melt season and becomes glacier ice after its permeability to liquid water falls to zero.flood n.洪水；洪灾
food chain 食物链
[详析]
A sequence of organisms, each of which uses the next lower member of the sequence as a food source.forest coverage rate 森林覆盖率
forestation n.造林
fossil fuel 矿物燃料如石油、煤、天然气等，由古代生物衍生而成 [详析]
Any hydrocarbon deposit that can be burned for heat or power, such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas.freshwater pollution 淡水污染
fungi（plural form of fungus）n.真菌（包括酵母、霉菌、担子菌和蘑菇等）
[详析]
Molds, mildews, yeasts, mushrooms, and puffballs, a group of organisms that lack chlorophyll and therefore are not photosynthetic.［glossary］ [扩展]
molds n.霉菌
bacteria n.细菌
viruses n.病毒
G
galaxy n.星系，银河
[详析]
1.A galaxy refers to a system of about 100 billion stars.2.The Milky Way 银河系
genera n.（生物学）属，类
geothermal energy n.地热能
glacier n.冰河
global warming 全球变暖
[例句]
Worldwide temperatures have been rising which suggests a global warming.全世界温度上升，说明全球正在变暖。
GMT（Greenwich Mean Time）格林威治平时
gorge n.山峡
[例句] Geological early-warning system has been set up in three gorges.在三峡建了地质预警系统
grain for green 退耕还林（还草）
grassland n 草地，草原
greenhouse effect n.温室效应
[详析]There is concern that increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide and methane, may enhance the greenhouse effect and cause global warming.greenhouse gases n.温室气体
ground cover n.地被植物
[详析] Ground cover refers to plants grown to keep soil from eroding.ground depression n.面沉降；地面塌陷
groundwater n.地下水
[详析]
It means the supply of fresh water found beneath the surface of the Earth（usually in aquifers）that often supplies wells and springs.H
habitat n.自然环境，栖息地
Hazardous air pollutants（HAPs）危害性空气污染物
[详析]
chemicals that cause serious health and environmental effects.hazardous chemicals 有害化学物质
hazardous substance 危险品，有害物质
hazardous waste 危险废弃物
haze n.薄雾，霾
headland n.岬
heat island effect 热岛效应
[详析]
Cities form heat islands due to increased carbon dioxide.herbivore n.食草动物
[详析]
Herbivore is an animal that feeds on plants.Himalayas 喜马拉雅山（脉）
hot springs 温泉
[扩展]
geysers 间歇泉
human exposure 人体照射
hydrocarbon n.氮氢化合物，烃
hydrology n.水文地理学
I
ice age 冰河时期，冰川代
[详析]
Ice Age refers to the latest glacial epoch, the Pleistocene Epoch.ice sheet（continental glacier）（地）大冰原；冰盾
[详析]
During the Pleistocene Epoch, ice sheets covered large parts of North America and northern Europe but they are now confined to polar regions（e.g., Greenland and Antarctica）。
ice shelf（海）冰架
industrial solid wastes工业固体废物
infiltration（soil）n.渗透
[详析]
Infiltration means movement of water from the ground surface into the soil.infrared n.红外线
[详析]
light that is so red humans cannot see it
infrared radiation 红外线辐射
[详析]
Abbreviated IR;also called “longwave radiation”.（简写为IR，又称长波辐射）
insolation n.暴晒；（医）中暑
international energy forum 国际能源论坛
international energy foundation 国际能源组织
isotherm n.等温线
[详析]
A line that joins places with the same temperature.isotope n.[化]同位素
K
karst n.喀斯特地形（由于腐蚀而产生裂隙，落水洞，潜流和洞穴的不规则的石灰岩地区）
a karst cave 水蚀石灰洞； 溶洞
L
La Nina phenomenon（气候）拉尼娜现象
[详析]
拉尼娜：拉尼娜是西班牙语“La Nina”-“小女孩”的意思。气象和海洋学家用来专门指发生在赤道太平洋东部和中部海水大范围持续异常变冷的现象（海水表层温度低出气候平均值0.5℃以上，且持续时间超过6个月以上）。拉尼娜也称反厄尔尼诺现象。厄尔尼诺与拉尼娜现象通常交替出现，对气候的影响大致相反，通过海洋与大气之间的能量交换，改变大气环流而影响气候的变化。从近50年的监测资料看，厄尔尼诺出现频率多于拉尼娜，强度也大于拉尼娜。
又见E 词条中El Nino Southern Oscillation（ENSO）（气候学）厄尔尼诺南徊现象
land subsidence 地面沉降
lapse rate（山区）气温垂直递减梯度
latitudes 纬度
longitudes 经度
life zone（生）生物带
lava n.熔岩，火山岩
leading-edge research 尖端研究
lightning n.闪电
limestone scenery 岩溶景色
[详析]
Limestone scenery, or karst, forms some of the most attractive scenery in Britain.litter v.乱扔垃圾
litter n.（树林里的）枯枝落叶层
local topography 当地地形
M
marine pollution n.海洋污染
marsh n.湿地，沼泽
[详析]
Marsh is a type of wetland that does not accumulate appreciable peat deposits and is dominated by herbaceous vegetation.marsh gas；methane n.沼气
mean annual temperatures n.年平均气温
mean monthly temperatures n.月平均气温
Mediterranean n./adj.地中海（的）
melting Snow n.融雪
meteor shower n.流星雨
micro-climates n.小气候
microorganism n.微生物
mid and high latitudes 中高纬度地区
mineral n.矿物
mist n.薄雾
moist air 潮湿空气
moldy adj.霉烂的 monsoon n.季候风；（印度等地的）雨季，季风
[详析]
The monsoons are strongest in the southern and eastern sides of Asia, but also occur along the coasts of tropical regions wherever the planetary circulation is not strong enough to inhibit them.mosquito control n.蚊虫控制
mountainous region n.山区
mouth n.入河口（入海口）
[详析]
A mouth is where a river meets the sea or an ocean.N
natural selection n.[生]自然选择，物竞天择说
[详析]
The process of survival of the fittest by which organisms that adapt to their environment survive while those that do not adapt disappear.Natural disasters/ hazards n.自然灾害、危害
[扩展]
debris flow n.泥石流
drought n.干旱
dust storm n.沙尘暴
extratropical cyclone n.温带气旋
earthquake n.地震
flooding n.洪水，水灾
forest fire n.森林火灾
hail n.冰雹
hurricane n.飓风
hurricane warning n.飓风警报
hurricane watch n.飓风监视
storm surge n.风暴潮
tidal wave（a tsunami）n.海啸
tornado n.旋风，龙卷风
tropical cyclone n.热带气旋
tropical storm n.热带风暴
typhoon n.台风
volcano erupting n.火山暴发
natural reserve / natural preservation zone 自然保护区
natural resource protection areas 自然资源保护区
nature-nurture 先天与后天；遗传与环境
nebula（pl.nebulae）n.星云
nitrogen dioxide n.二氧化氮
Nitrogen oxide n.一氧化氮
noise pollution n.噪音污染
nutrient adj.有营养的 O
opacity n.不透明性
[详析]
A glass window has almost 0% opacity, whereas a concrete wall has 100% opacity.ocean currents 洋流
ocean tide 海潮
oceanic plate 海洋板块
oil spill 石油泄漏
organism n.生物体，有机体
P
pest n.害虫，瘟疫
pesticide n.杀虫剂
photosynthesis n.光合作用
planet n.行星
[扩展]
Planet Earth 地球
Planet Jupiter 木星
Planet mars 火星
Planet Mercury 水星
Planet Neptune 海王星
Planet Pluto 冥王星
Planet Saturn 土星
Planet Uranus 天王星
Planet Venus 金星
plankton n.浮游生物
[详析]
plankton refers to passively floating or weakly motile aquatic plants（phytoplankton 浮游植物）and animals（zooplankton浮游动物）。
polar adj.（南，北）极的 Pollutant n.污染物质
Pollution Abstracts 《污染文摘》简称PA
pollution index n.污染指数
power plant n.发电站，发电厂
precipitation n.降水（暴雨、雪、冻雪或冰雹降落到地表的任何形式的水）
[详析]Any or all forms of liquid or solid water particles that fall from the atmosphere and reach the Earth's surface.It includes drizzle, rain, snow, snow pellets, snow grains, ice crystals, ice pellets, and hail.primary energy n.一次能源
primary pollutant n.一次污染物
protect natural habitats 保护生存环境
PST = Pacific Standard Time太平洋标准时间
[扩展]
GMT = Greenwich Mean Time（time at 0 long.）格林尼治平时
EST = Eastern Standard Time（美国）东部时间
Q
Qinghai-Tibet plateau 青藏高原
quake n.震动； 地震
R
radiation protection 辐射防护
radioactive materials 放射性物质
rainfall n.下雨，雨量
rare or endangered species 珍稀濒危物种
recycle n.回收
red tide（rapid propagation of sea algae）n.红潮
reflectivity n.反射率
release n.释放
renewable resources可再生资源
reservoir n.水库，蓄水池
[例子]：
One of the goals is to have Three Gorges Dam act as a reservoir during China‟s flood season.residue n.残余物
resource degradation n.资源消耗
respiration n.呼吸，呼吸作用
Richter Scale n.里氏地震强度表
river basin 流域
S
salt marshes n.盐沼
sand dunes n.沙丘
seasonal variation n.季节性波动
secondary pollutant n.二次污染物
seismic（earthquake）activity n.地震
seismic waves n.地震波
sewage treatment/ disposal n.污水处理
shelterbelt n.防护林
shrubland n.灌木林地
silviculture n.造林学，林学
[详析]
Silviculture refers to management of forest land for timber.smog n.工业烟雾，烟雾污染
[详析]
a mixture of pollutants, principally ground-level ozone, produced by chemical reactions in the air involving smog-forming chemicals.soil alkalinization n.土壤碱化
soil erosion n.土壤侵蚀
solar cycle n.太阳活动周期
solar wind n.太阳风
[详析]
The wind from the Sun.source（the start of a river）n.源头
space trash n.太空垃圾
Stalactite n.地钟乳
[详析]
Water dripping from the roofs of caves leave behind microscopic particles of calcium carbonate.These build up as icicle shaped stalactites.stalagmite n.石笋
stratosphere n.[气]同温层，最上层，最高阶段（也是Las Vegas 赌城同名最高酒店）
sulfur dioxide n.二氧化硫
sunspot n.太阳黑子
[详析]
A relatively dark, sharply defined region on the solar disk
Supernova n.超新星
surface albedo n.表面反照率
surface water n.地表水
swamp n.沼泽，湿地，煤层聚水
T
temperate adj.温和的
temperate climate n.温和的气候
temperature variations n.气温变化
the amount of rainfall n.降雨量
the biological diversity n.生物多样性
the eye n.风眼
[详析]
the central part of the tropical storm
the Ganges 恒河
the ozone layer n.臭氧层
the Pacific Ring of Fire n.太平洋火环（世界上最主要的火山带，系环绕太平洋的边缘分布，号称 “火环”）
thermal pollution n.热污染
thermal power plants n.热电站
three-D climate n.立体气候
又见E 词条中environmental lapse rate 气温垂直递减率（如由山地地形引起）
Three Gorges Project n.三峡工程
Three Gorges reservoir n.三峡水库
tree-hugger n.环境保护狂（有时甚至以抱树的方式来护树或宣示扞卫树木的决心--的环保人士）
tropical rain forest n.热带雨林
tropical storm n.热带风暴
thunder n.雷，雷声
toxic chemicals n.有毒化学物质
tributaries n.支流
tropical storm n.热带风暴
temperature inversion n.温度逆增、逆温现象
[详析]
Temperature inversion is one of the weather conditions that are often associated with serious smog episodes in some portions of the country
tephra n.火山灰
[详析]
Any rock material produced by a volcano.tundra n.苔原，冻土
[详析]
A type of ecosystem dominated by lichens, mosses, grasses, and woody plants.It is found at high latitudes（arctic tundra）and high altitudes（alpine tundra）。
traffic congestion 交通拥塞
U
UV（ultraviolet）n.紫外线
[详析]
Light that is so blue humans cannot see it.A band of the electromagnetic spectrum between the visible and the X-ray.Photons of ultraviolet light are more energetic than photons of visible light.UNCED 联合国环境与发展大会（环发大会）
unlead gas n.无铅汽油
urban refuse n.城市垃圾
urbanization n.城市化
urbanite n.都市人
V
vapor n./ v.蒸发
vegetation cover n.植被覆盖
velocity n.迅速，快速； 周转率
visibility n.可见度
volcanic eruption n.火山喷发
volcanoes n.火山
[扩展]
extinct volcano n.死火山
dormant volcano n.休眠火山
active volcano n.活火山
W
waste disposal n.废物处理
water loss and soil erosion n.水土流失
water pollution n.水污染
watershed n.分水岭
weather n.天气
wetlands n.湿地
[详析]
An area that is regularly saturated by surface water or groundwater and subsequently is characterized by a prence of vegetation that is adapted for life in saturated-soil conditions.wild fauna and flora n.野生动植物
wilderness n.荒野，未开垦的荒地
wildfire n.野火
wood ear n.木耳
woodland n.林地
World Environment Day（June 5）世界环境日
World Meteorological Day（March 23）世界气象日
World Oceans Day（June 8）世界海洋日
World Water Day（March 22）世界水日
Z
zoo n.动物园
zoology n.动物学，生态
zooplankton n.浮游动物
SECTION II: 中译英
1.白色污染 white pollution（non-degradable white plastics）
2.保护生存环境 protect natural habitats
3.城市垃圾 urban refuse
4.地面沉降 land subsidence;ground depression
5.二次污染物 secondary pollutant
6.二氧化氮 nitrogen dioxide
7.二氧化硫 sulfur dioxide
8.二氧化碳 carbon dioxide
9.防风治沙 check wind and control sand
10.防护林 shelterbelt
11.防治沙漠化 combat desertification
12.封山育林 set apart hills for forestry
13.工业固体废物 industrial solid wastes
14.国际生物多样性日 International Biodiversity Day（Dec.29）
15.国家环保基本方针 China‟s guiding principle for environmental protection
16.国家环保总局 SEPA（State Environmental Protection Administration）
17.海洋生物 marine life
18.化害为利；变废为宝 turn the harmful into the beneficial and waste into valuable
19.环保产品 environment-friendly products
20.环保意识 environmental awareness
21.环境恶化 environmental degradation
22.环境污染综合防治 integrated control of environmental pollution
23.环境效益 environmental benefit
24.环境指标 environmental criteria
25.减少拥挤 decongestion
26.交通噪音 traffic noise
27.可再生资源 renewable resources
28.立体气候 3-D climate
29.环发大会 UN Conference on Environment and Development（UNCED）
30.绿化运动 afforestation drive
绿色奥运green Olympic Games
1.绿色能源 green energy resource（e.g.the solar power 如：太阳能）
2.绿色企业 green enterprise
3.绿色食品 green food
4.牧场 pasture
5.牧放（吃草）graze
6.青藏高原 Qinghai-Tibet plateau
7.清洁能源 clean energy
8.全球变暖 global warming
9.热带风暴 tropical storm
10.热带雨林 tropical rain forest
11.热岛效应 heat island effect
12.热污染 thermal pollution
13.人工降雨 artificial rain
14.三峡工程 Three Gorges Project
15.三峡工程three gorges project
16.三峡水库 Three Gorges reservoir
17.森林覆盖率 forest coverage
18.沙尘暴 dust storm;sand storm
19.沙漠化 desertification
20.生活污水 domestic sewage
21.生态技术 eco-technology
22.生态农业 eco-agriculture
23.生态示范区 ecodemonstration region / environment-friendly region
24.受灾地区 disaster-affected area
25.水产资源 aquatic resources
26.水土流失 water loss and soil erosion
27.死亡率 mortality
28.死亡人数 death toll
29.酸雨 acid rain
30.太空垃圾 space trash
31.天然牧场 natural grazing ground
32.土地沙化 desertification
33.土地酸化 acidification
34.土壤碱化 soil alkalinization
35.土壤侵蚀 soil erosion
36.退耕还林还草 grain for green / return cultivated land to forestry or pasture
37.退田还林 restore the reclaimed land to forest
38.危险废物 hazardous wastes
39.温室气体 greenhouse gases
40.污染指数 pollution index
41.污水处理 sewage treatment/ disposal
42.无公害蔬菜 “green” vegetable
43.无铅汽油 unlead gas
44.先天与后天；遗传与环境 nature-nurture
45.养蚕 sericulture
46.养蜂 beekeeping
47.养鱼 fish culture;pisciculture
48.野生动植物 wild fauna and flora
49.一次能源 primary energy
50.一次污染物 primary pollutant
51.预防为主、防治结合的政策 policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control
52.珍稀濒危物种 rare or endangered species
53.植树节 National Tree-Planting Day
54.资源消耗 resource degradation
55.自然保护区 natural reserve;natural preservation zone
56.自然资源保护区 natural resource protection areas
57.综合整治 comprehensive improvement
58.气象学 meteorology
1）摄氏 centigrade;Celsius
2）华氏 Fahrenheit
3）雷 thunder
4）雹 hailstorm
5）霜 frost
6）雾 fog
7）对流 convection
8）天气 weather 9）气候 climate 10）气候学 climatology 11）季风 monsoon 12）地中海气候 Mediterranean climate 13）秋老虎 Indian summer 90.中国节气 Solar Terms 1）立春 Beginning of Spring 2）雨水Rain Water 3）惊蛰Waking of Insects 4）春分Spring Equinox 5）清明Pure Brightness;Clear Brightness 6）谷雨Grain Rain 7）立夏Beginning of Summer 8）小满Grain Full 9）芒种Grain in Ear 10）夏至Summer Solstice 11）小暑Slight Heat 12）大暑Great Heat 13）立秋Beginning of Autumn 14）处暑Limit of Heat 15）白露White Dew 16）秋分Autumnal Equinox 17）寒露Cold Dew 18）霜降Forest‟s Descent
19）立冬Beginning of winter 20）小雪Slight Snow 21）大雪Great Snow 22）冬至Winter Solstice 23）小寒Slight Cold 24）大寒Great Cold 第七章 科技
SECTION I: 英译中
2D（Two dimensional graphics images and animated images）平面
3D（Three dimensional graphics images and animated images）三维
3D Rendering 三维渲染
A aerial top dressing 空中施肥
advanced technology 先进技术
analog electronic technology 模拟电子技术
animation n.动画片
AOL（America Online）美国在线
Apple Corporation 苹果公司
artificial intelligence（AI）n.人工智能
[详析] A field of science that has attempted to improve computers by trying to incorporate characteristics of human intelligence, such as the ability to understand natural language and to perform reasoning under certain conditions of uncertainty.artificial life（AL or Alife）n.人工生命
[详析] New discipline that studies “natural” life by attempting to recreate biological phenomena from scratch within computers and other “artificial” media.Alife complements the traditional analytic approach of traditional biology with a synthetic approach in which, rather than studying biological phenomena by taking apart living organisms to see how they work, one attempts to put together systems that behave like living organisms.ASCII（American Standard Code for Information Interchange computer character set）美国信息交换标准码
ATM（Automatic Teller Machines）自动柜员机
audio card n.声卡
audio conference n.音频会议； 电话会议
B
Biotechnology n.生物工程
Application which involves the deliberate manipulation of the DNA molecules, the substance within cells that carries the “recipe” for the organism and is inherited by offspring from parents.B2B and B2C 企业对企业（商家对商家），及企业对消费者的电子商务
bandwidth 带宽
bar codes n.条形码
[详析]Alternate standards for marking products or other items for reading by laser beams
BBS（Bulletin Board Systems）公告板系统，论坛
bookmark n.电子书签
browser n.浏览器
bullet train n.子弹头列车
C
cache memory n.高速缓冲存储器
caller ID display 来电显示
camcorder n.便携式摄像机
CD Burning 光盘刻录
CDMA/TDMA 码分多址（一种扩频多址数字式通信技术）
[详析] Code Division Multiple Access and Time Division Multiple Access dual-mode cellular telephones that aid in the receiving of fax and computer network data on computers and PDAs.CD-RW or CD-Rewritable 可重刻
chat lines or chat rooms n.聊天室
CPU（Central Processing Unit）n.中央处理器
cyberspace n.电脑空间
conductor n.导体
convection n.对流
cortex n.大脑皮层
cryonics n.人体冷冻法
[详析] a branch of science that aims to develop reversible suspended animation.cutting-edge n.优势；前沿，极其重要的状态或位置
D
database n.数据库
desktop videoconferencing n.（桌面）视频会议
dial-up connection n.拨号连接
Digital Video（DV）/ Camcorder n.数码摄像机
distance education（DE）n.远程教育
E, F
E-Learning（or Web-based training）n.电子学习
encryption n.加密
firewall n.防火墙
Flash 由macromedia公司推出的交互式矢量图和 Web 动画的标准
frontier science and technology 科技发展前沿
FTP（File Transfer Protocol used for downloading files on the Internet）文件传输协议
genetic engineering n.遗传工程
[详析] the process of transferring DNA from one organism into another that results in a genetic modification;the production of a transgenic organism
H, I
hacker（phreaker）n.黑客，骇客
hard drive n.硬盘驱动器
hemisphere n.大脑半球
high scientific and technological content 科技含量高
home page n.主页
insulator n.绝缘体
interactive television（ITV）n.互动电视
IBM= International Business Machines Corporation 美国国际商用机器公司
internet surfing n.网上冲浪
internet n.互联网
intranet n.企业内部互联网（局域网）
ISO（International Organization for Standardization）国际标准化组织
J,K, L
joystick（电脑游戏等）操纵杆
[详析]A remote control device that can be used in place of a keyboard or a mouse to allow for interactions between a computer and its user.Joysticks are commonly used for computer games and usually connect through a serial port.jukebox n.自动点唱机
Kiosk n.多功能信息商亭
[详析]A multimedia display system such as those used in marketing displays at conferences and in stores
LCD（Liquid Crystal Display）液晶显示器
M
Mac（Macintosh）n.苹果机
maglev train（magnetic levitation train）n.磁悬浮
manned spaceflight n.载人航天飞行
MD（minidisk）n.小型磁盘
MIDI（Musical Instrument Digital Interface）n.迷笛，数码音乐
microcircuit n.微电路
modem n.„猫‟，调制解调器
multimedia n.多媒体
[详析]The ability to combine audio, visual, and possibly other types of hardware into a presentation
molecular science n.分子科学
N
natural sciences n.自然科学
nerd n.不善社交、专心致志搞科研或精于科研的人；书呆子
[详析] A person with no social skills, usually obsessed with science or technology（geek is more computer specific）。Nerds are known for their pocket protectors, taped glasses, and plaid shirts.Many nerds are also geeks, using the net as a safe screen to hide behind while practicing their social skills.neuron n.神经元
new and high technology industries n.高新技术产业
notebook computer n.笔记本电脑
O,P
Omega point n.欧米伽点
[详析] a possible future state when intelligence controls the universe totally, and the amount of information processed and stored goes asymptotically towards infinity.P2P（Peer to Peer Networking）n.对等网络
PC（Personal Computer）n.个人电脑
PDA（Personal Digital Assistant）n.个人数字助理，掌上电脑
Pentium 奔腾，Intel公司生产的CPU芯片
第二篇：新东方中高级口译考试最新高频词汇
Allocate
分配 Arise
出现
Attach 赋予粘上
Characterize 以。。为特色的 Charge
收费 Collect
收集 Contaminate
污染 Degrade
使降级 Depreciate
贬值 Desert 抛弃 Endanger 危害 Imitate
模仿 Incur招致，引发 Inflict
造成 Lavish
浪费 Maximize 最大化 Oblige
强迫 Overcome 克服 Prohibit
禁止 Pursue
追求 Quit
放弃 Sacrifice 牺牲 Spread 传播
Steer
驶向，掌舵 Trigger 引发，触发 Abuse
虐待，滥用 Acquire
获取 Detect
侦查
Innovate
改革创新 Participate 参与 Survive 生存 Vanish 消失
Wither
退化，萎缩 Coexist 共存
Boom 繁荣，兴旺发达 Blossom 兴旺发达 Perform
履行，表演 Roam 闲逛
Abolition/abolish
废除
Accommodate 供给，调节，住宿 Adore 崇拜；爱慕 Alter 改变 Arouse 激发 Assume 承担
Attend 参加，就读 Censor审查
Commute 来回往返于 Consul 咨询 Cultivate 培养
Determine 取决于，决定 Discourage 不鼓励；妨碍Diversify 使多样化 Divert 使分心 Dominate占优势 Enlighten启发 Exaggerate夸张
Exert 施加（压力、影响）Expel
排除；开除 Explore 探究
Expose 揭露性报道 Hamper 妨碍；牵制 Hinder阻碍 Idealize 理想化
aggressive
alert
arduous
artistic
authoritative
cogent
compassionate
complicated
corrupt
demanding
desirable
eccentric
evil
exotic
fallacious
feasible
fictious
fruitful
glamorous
humane
上进心的
敏锐的，警惕的 费劲的 艺术性的 权威性的 使人信服的富于同情心的 复杂的 腐蚀
要求高的古怪的 古怪的 邪恶的 异国的 荒谬的 可行的 虚假的 有成效的富有魅力的人道的
impressive
给人印象深刻的 inborn
天生的
indecent
不妥的，不检点的 indispensable
不可或缺的 inexhaustible
取之不尽的 infectious
传染性的 inferior
低人一等的 infirm
弱的
influential
有影响力的 ingrain
inhumane
insalubrious
instructive
intellectual
interim
interpersonal
intimate
inward
irreparable
irresistible
irritating
mature
permissive
pernicious
poisonous
potential
pragmatic
preferential
prevailing
prudent
psychological
reverse
rigid
rough
sheltered
sociable
sole
stressful
stringent
unadvisable
uncompromising
unethical
根深蒂固的不人道的有害无益的 有教育意义的 智力的
中间的，过渡的人际关系的 密切的 内在的
不可挽回的 不可抵挡的 恼人的 成熟的
宽容的，许可的 有害无益的 有毒的 潜在的务实的优惠的
占主导地位的，流行的 明智的心理上的相反的 严格的 粗略的受保护的
友善的、好交际的 唯一的 有压力的严厉的不得当的不妥协的不道德的
unhealthy
不健康的 unified
同意标准的 unique
独特的 unjust
不公平的 unscrupulous
肆无忌惮的 unsociable
不善于社交的 vexing
令人烦恼的 vivid
形象的、生动的 unwholesome
不健康的 voluntary
vulnerable
well-grounded contributive
prosperous
abolishment
absurdity
abuse
acquaintance
adaptation
admiration
adventurer
explorer adverse impact adversity
affection
alienation
ambition
amusement
anecdote
apathy
applause
approach
architecture
assault
assessment
association
athlete
availability
barrier
beneficiary
cruelty
budget
废除 荒唐，谬论 滥用 熟人
改写，适应 崇拜 探险者
负面影响
逆境
友情，感情
疏远
志向
娱乐
轶事
冷漠无情
鼓掌
方法
建筑
攻击
评估
联想，联系
运动员
可得到的东西
障碍
受益人
残忍
预算
易受伤害的 有充分证据的 有贡献的 繁荣昌盛的 自愿的 campaign
运动 candidate
候选人 capacity
能力，容量 celebrity
名人 characteristic
特点 cohesion
凝聚力 colleague
同事 collectivism
集体主义 commercial
商业广告 commercialization
commodity
companion/partner
conformity
consensus
consultation
assumption
content
contentment
contribution
correlation
costume
creativity
criteria
evaluation
exception
cyber crime
depression
deprivation
descendant
deterioration
detour
digestion
dignity
discipline
discontent
discrimination
disgust
disorder
disorientation
商品化
商品
同伴
一致
同意
咨询 消费
内容
满意 贡献 相关性
服装 创造性
条件，标准 评价
例外
网络犯罪
沮丧
剥夺
后代
恶化
绕道
消化吸收 尊严 纪律 不满足 歧视 反感 无序状态 迷失方向感
Allocate 分配
Arise
出现
Attach
赋予粘上
Characterize 以。。为特色的
Charge
收费
Collect
收集
Contaminate
污染
Degrade
使降级
Depreciate
贬值
Desert
抛弃
Endanger 危害
Imitate
模仿
Incur 招致，引发
Inflict
造成
Lavish
浪费
Maximize 最大化
Oblige
强迫 Overcome
克服
Prohibit
禁止
Pursue
追求
Quit
放弃
Sacrifice 牺牲
Spread
传播
Steer
驶向，掌舵
Trigger
引发，触发
Abuse
虐待，滥用
Acquire 获取
Detect
侦查
Innovate
改革创新
Participate
参与
Survive 生存
Vanish
消失
Wither
退化，萎缩
Coexist
共存 Boom 繁荣，兴旺发达
Blossom
兴旺发达
Perform
履行，表演
Roam
闲逛
Abolition/abolish
废除
Accommodate 供给，调节，住宿
Adore 崇拜；爱慕
Alter
改变
Arouse
激发
Assume 承担
Attend 参加，就读
Censor 审查
Commute 来回往返于
Consul 咨询
Cultivate 培养
Determine 取决于，决定
Discourage
不鼓励；妨碍 Diversify 使多样化
Divert
使分心
Dominate 占优势
第三篇：中高级口译必备词汇(新东方版)第九章 健康
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
Chapter 9 健康
SECTION I: 英译中
A
a period of debility n.体能低落、衰弱期
acne n.痤疮，粉剌
active sleep n.积极睡眠
acute adj.急性的 adrenalin n.肾上腺素
adverse effect n.反作用
aerobics n.有氧运动
AIDS（Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome）陷综合）
alcoholic poison n.酒精中毒
alkalinity or acidity n.酸碱性
allergy n.过敏
Alzheimer’s disease n.老年痴呆症
amino acids n.氨基酸
anemia n.贫血
anoxia n.缺氧
anthrax n.炭疽
anti-aging adj.抗衰老
艾滋病
（获得性免疫缺中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
antibiotics n.抗生素
antibody n.抗体
antipruritic adj.止痒剂，止痒的 anti-SARS campaign n.抗非典斗争
artery n.动脉
arthritis n.关节炎
artificial heart n.人造心脏
artificial hormones n.人造激素
asthma n.哮喘
avian influenza（bird flu）n.禽流感
B
B.O.（Body Odor）n.体臭
backache n.背痛
bacterium（Pl.bacteria）n.细菌
balm n.止痛膏，香油
behavioral therapy n.行为疗法
belch n./v.打嗝
bioengineering n.生物工程
biologist n.生物学家
bird flu n.禽流感
bleeding n.出血
blemish n.瑕疵，疤痕
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
blister n.水泡
blood circulation n.血液循环
blood vessel n.血管
bone marrow n.骨髓
bronchitis n.支气管炎
bruise n./ v.瘀伤，擦伤，青紫
BSE（bovino spongiform encephalopathy）
burp n.饱嗝儿，打嗝 v.打饱嗝
C
callus n.老茧
calorie n.卡路里
cancer n.癌，毒瘤
capillary n.毛细管
carbohydrate n.碳水化合物
cardiac adj./n.心脏（病）的 cardiologist n.心脏病专家
cataract n.白内障
cellulite n.脂肪团块
chest cavity n.胸腔
chickenpox n.水痘
cholera n.霍乱
cholesterol n.胆固醇
n.疯牛病 中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
chronic adj.慢性的
chronic asymptomatic HBV carriers 慢性无症状乙型肝炎病毒携带者
cirrhosis of liver n.肝硬化
（masked palm）civet n.果子狸
cleanse v.清洗，净化
colic n.绞痛，疝气
coma n.昏迷
comatose adj.昏睡的，昏迷不醒的 communicable diseases 传染病
corona virus 冠状病毒
condom n.安全套
congenital defects n.先天性缺陷
contagious adj.传染性的 contraceptive coil n.避孕环
convulsion n.惊厥，痉挛
coronary disease n.冠心病
cough v./n.咳嗽
coughing fit n.咳嗽发作
craving n.强烈的愿望
D
dandruff n.头皮屑
deadly adj.致命的
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
debilitate vt.使衰弱，使虚弱
dehydration n.脱水
dementia n.痴呆
deodorize vt.除臭
dermatologist n.皮肤科医生
dermatology n.皮肤病学
diabetes n.糖尿病
diagnosis n.诊断
dialysis machine n.透析机
diarrhea n.痢疾，腹泻
die a grim death 惨死
diet plan n.食物计划
dietitian n.营养专家
dilated pupil examination n.瞳孔放大检查
disinfectant n.消毒剂
dizziness n.头昏眼花
dose n.剂量
dream cycle n.做梦周期
dropsy n.水肿，浮肿
duodenal ulcer n.十二指肠溃疡
dyspepsia n.消化不良
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
E
eating disorder n.食欲紊乱
elasticity n.弹力，弹性
embryo n.胚胎
embryology n.胚胎学
epidemic adj.流行的，传染的 n.时疫，流行病
epidemic encephalitis B n.流行性乙型脑炎
epidemiology n.流行病学
euthanasia / mercy killing n.安乐死
extrovert n./adj.性格外向的（人）
F
fatal n.致命的 fertilization n.授精
fetus n.胎儿
fever n.发烧
fitness center n.健康中心
fitness n.健康
flatulence n.肠胃气胀
flu shot n.（打）抗流感针
foot-and-mouth disease n.口蹄疫
fructose n.果糖
fungus（pl.fungi）n.真菌
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
futile adj.无效的 G
gasp v.喘气，倒吸气
genes n.基因
genetic information n.遗传信息
genome n.基因组
germicide n.杀菌剂
gestation n.怀孕
GM food（genetically modified food）n 转基因食品
GMOs（Genetically Modified Organisms）n.转基因生物
gingivitis n.齿龈炎
gland n.腺
glucose n.葡萄糖
gum n.齿龈
H
hair-raising adj.使人毛骨悚立的 hatch v./n.孵化
health care products n.保健品
herbal medicine 草药
heart attack n.心脏病发作
heart failure n.心力衰竭
hemorrhoids n.痔疮
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
hepatitis n.肝炎
hepatitis A n.甲肝
hepatitis B n.乙肝
herbal essence n.草药精，草本精华
heredity n.遗传
herpes n.疱疹
hiccup n./ v.打嗝
high blood pressure n.高血压
high cholesterol n.胆固醇过高
HIV（human immunodeficiency virus）人体免疫缺损病毒，艾滋病病毒
HIV-positive adj.艾滋病病毒测试呈阳性
hoarseness n.嘶哑，刺耳
holistic medicine n.全身（整体）治疗的药物，如中药
homosexually transmitted disease n.由同性恋传播的疾病
hormone n.荷尔蒙，激素
human genome n.人类基因图谱
hypertension n.高血压，过度紧张
hypotension n.血压过低
I
immune system n.免疫系统
immunity n.免疫性
implant v./n.植入
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
impotence n.阳萎
in a vegetative state 处于植物人状态
incubator n.孵卵器，早产儿保育器
infected adj.被感染的 infertility n.不孕，不育
inflamed skin n.皮肤发炎
injection n.注射
inoculate v.打预防针，接种疫苗
insemination n.授精
insomnia n.失眠，失眠症
insulin n.胰岛素
introspective adj.内省，内向的，introvert n./ adj.性格内向的（人）
irregular pulse n.脉律不齐
irritable adj.急躁的 isolation n.隔离
itching adj.发痒的、渴望的
itchy adj.使人发痒的，不安静的，神经质的 IVF（in-vitro fertilization）[ ] n.试管受精
K
kidney stones n.肾结石
kidney transplant n.肾移植
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
L
lactose n.乳糖
laser treatment n.激光疗法
lesion n.感染的皮肤，损伤
living donor n.（活体）器官捐献者
lobe n.耳垂，（肺，肝等的）叶
M
malaria n.疟疾
mandatory testing n.强制测试
manicure n.修指甲
mate v.交配
maternity leave 产假
matrix n.子宫
menopause n.更年期
mental deterioration n.神经退化、衰弱
mental disorder n.精神紊乱
metabolism n.新陈代谢
microbe n.微生物，细菌
micro-organism n.微生物
microprocessor n.微处理器，单片机
migraine n.偏头痛
molecule n.分子
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
morbidity rate n.发病率
morning sickness n.（孕妇）晨吐
mortality rate n.死亡率
mouth hygiene n.口腔卫生
N
near-sighted adj.近视的 nerve pathway n.神经通道
neurological adj.神经学的 neurologist n.神经科医师
neuropathy n.神经病
nicotine n.尼古丁
numbness n.麻木
nutrient adj.有营养的，养分
nutrition n.营养，营养学
O
obesity n.肥胖症
odds n.可能的机会；几率
odor n.气味
offspring n.后代
OTC drugs n.非处方药
outbreak n.（疫情等）暴发
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
P
paralysis n.瘫痪
Parkinson’s disease n.帕金森综合症
passive smoking / second-hand smoking n.被动吸烟
pediatrics n.小儿科
pedicure n.修脚，修脚指甲
perceptual skill n.感知能力
person in a vegetative state;vegetable n.植物人
personal hygiene n.个人卫生
pharmaceutical n./adj.药物，制药学的 pharmacist n.药剂师
physical endurance n.体力、体能
pimple n.丘疹，面泡，青春豆
plague n.瘟疫
plethora n.多血症
PMS（pre-menstrual Syndrome）n.月经前不快症状
pneumonia n.肺炎
pore n.毛孔
pregnancy n.怀孕
pressure n.压力
protein n.蛋白质
psychological rest n.心理休息
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
pulse n.脉搏
quarantine n./v.隔离
R
rabies n.狂犬病
regenerate v.再生
remedy n.药物，治疗，矫正
renal adj.肾脏的
respirator n.口罩；人工呼吸器
a canister respirator n.防毒面具
rheumatism n.风湿
ringing in the ears n.耳鸣
rinse n./ v.冲洗掉，清洗，冲洗
royal jelly n.蜂王浆
S
saccharin n.糖精
SARS-affected area n.非典疫区
SARS epidemic n.非典型性肺炎
scarlet fever n.猩红热
secretion n.分泌，分泌物
sedative n.镇静剂，止痛药 adj.镇痛的 shiatsu n.（日）指压，指压按摩疗法
schistosomiasis n.血吸虫病
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
skin rash n.皮疹
slow-wave sleep n.慢波睡眠
smallpox n.天花
sneeze v./ n.打喷嚏
snore n./ v.打鼾，鼾声
sore throat n.喉咙痛
soreness n.痛，痛楚
spasm n.痉挛
sperm bank n.（为人工授精提供精子的）精子库
sperm donor n.捐献精子的人
sprain n.扭伤
STD（Sexually Transmitted Disease）n.性传染病
stem cell n.干细胞
sterile adj.不育的，无结果的，消毒过的，无菌的 sterilization n.消毒，绝育
steroids n.类固醇
stroke n.中风
stiff neck n.落枕
stimulant n.刺激物
stinky feet n.臭脚
stolid adj.神经麻木的，感觉迟钝的 stress n.压力，焦虑
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
stroke n.中风
sub-consciousness n.潜意识
surgeon n.外科医生
swelling n.肿胀
symptom n.症状
syndrome n.综合病症
syphilis n.梅毒
T
test tube n.试管
the terminally ill n.患绝症者；病入膏肓者
thrush n.鹅口疮
toxic adj.有毒的 toxin n.毒素
transplant n./ v.移植
trauma n.外伤，（心理）创伤
trial version n.试验版
tumor n.瘤
typhoid fever n.伤寒
U
ulcers n.溃疡
unconsciousness n.无意识，意识不清
upset stomach n.反胃，肚子痛
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
urinary incontinence n.小便失禁
V
vaccination n.接种疫苗
vaccine n.疫苗
varicose veins n.静脉曲张
vellus n.毫毛
vicious circle n.恶性循环
virus n.病毒
visual disturbance n.视力障碍
vivacious adj.性格活泼的，快活的
voluntary and confidential testing
自愿的，保密的测试
W
wart n.疣
womb n.子宫
wrinkle n.皱纹
SECTION II: 中译英
中医 TCM（Traditional Chinese medicine）
1.中医名着 famous TCM work
2.《黄帝内经》 Huang Di’s Classic of Internal Medicine / Yellow Emperor's Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine
3.《神农本草经》 Shennong’s Herbal Classic
4.《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
5.《易经》 I Ching;Book of Change
6.万物人为贵 nothing compares to a human life
7.救死扶伤 healing the sick and saving the dying
8.阴阳 yin-yang, the two opposing and complementary principles in nature
9.相生相克 mutual generation and restriction
10.对立制约 mutually opposing and constraining
11.互根互用interdependent and mutually promoting
12.相互转化mutually transformational
13.新陈代谢 metabolism
14.针灸 acupuncture
a）针刺疗法acupuncture
b）艾炙疗法 moxibustion
15.推拿 medical massage
16.穴位acupuncture point
17.针刺麻醉 acupuncture anesthesia
18.综合医院 general hospital
19.中医部 TCM section/ department
20.拔火罐疗法（Chinese）cupping therapy
21.刮痧疗法skin scraping therapy with water, liquor or vegetable oil
22.理疗 physical therapy
23.切脉 feeling the pulse
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
24.偏方folk prescription
25.秘方 secret prescription（normally of excellent curative effect）
26.祖传秘方 secret prescription handed down from one's ancestors
27.阴阳五行学说 the theory of yin-yang and five elements（metal, wood, water, fire and earth）
28.心 heart
29.肝 liver
30.脾spleen
31.胃stomach
32.肺 lung
33.肾 kidney
34.内伤七情（喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊）internal causes（joy, anger, worry, thought, grief, fear and surprise）
35.外感六淫（风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火）external causes（wind, cold, heat, wetness, dryness and fire）
36.中药四性 four properties of medicinal herb
a）寒cold
b）热hot
c）温warm
d）凉cool
37.中药五味five tastes of medicinal herb
a）酸sour
b）苦bitter
中高级口译必备词汇（新东方版）
c）甜sweet
d）辣spicy
e）咸salty
38.按摩message therapy
39.减肥 lose weight
40.41.food
42.43.44.45.46.47.China
48.49.经络 main and collateral channels inside human body;meridian 食补保健maintain good health through the intake of nourishing 太极拳 Tai chi quan;Tai chi Chuan;Taijiquan boxing 延缓衰老 to defer senility 药典pharmacopoeia 有机整体 an organic whole 瑜珈 yoga 中国古代药王神农氏 Shennong, herbal medicine master of ancient 中华医学会 Chinese Medical Association 安全第一，预防为主 safety first, precaution crucial.
第四篇：中级口译口试讲义(新东方)
中级口译口试讲义
主讲：朱巧莲
第一章
口译综述
一、口试部分简介
1、常见选题
①选择性、辩论性话题
②热点问题：西部大开发、北京申奥等 ③校园文化话题
④社会现象、成功、快乐、国家政策等
2、口语应试技巧
①多与英美国家人士交流、沟通 ②通过原版外片提高语感 ③背诵好的演讲稿
④阅读报纸，提高词汇量，充实知识量 ⑤平日进行作文练习
3、口语考试常见问题： ①因为紧张忘记事先准备的例子 ②表达不流利
4、口译考试介绍
二、口译实考体验 口译基本功
1、考生具备较高语言水平
2、丰富词汇量、流利的表达
3、准确的发音
4、较高的文化修养
5、很好的心理素质
6、很强的记忆力
7、较强的理解力、分析力、应变能力
中外合资是一种互补互惠的合作关系。外国在华投资可以最大限度地发挥各自的优势。
A Sino-foreign joint venture is a mutually complementary and beneficial partnership.Foreign investment in China can maximize the strengths of both parties concerned.我国幅员辽阔、资源丰富、劳动力低廉、消费市场潜力大。此外我们还有稳定的政治社会环境和优惠的投资政策。
Our country has massive land, abundant resources, cheap labor and a potential consumer market, in addition to the stable political and social environment and favorable investment policies.发达国家有雄厚的资金、先进的技术和管理知识。投资兴办合资企业时，外方可以提供资金、机械、技术和管理方法。
Developed countries have sufficient funds, advanced technology and managerial expertise.When establishing a joint venture, a foreign partner may bring into the cooperative business capital funds, machinery, advanced technology and management.中方可以提供土地、劳工和部分资金。应该说，这种投资方法对合作双方来说，具有丰厚的经济回报率。
The Chinese partner, on the other hand, may supply land, labor and a portion of the funds.Therefore, this type of investment is supposed to yield fat economic returns for both parties in the partnership.三、近年中口考试特点
1、课本内容仅占1/4，其余内容来自口译实例。
2、英译汉部分较难。
3、汉译英通常都可以听懂，但考生翻译时往往出现词汇量匮乏的问题。
4、注重平日口译技能的综合培养。
口译技能：听力理解 词汇量 记笔记 表达能力 《中级口译考试备考精要》上海新东方
考场描述：
My name is … My Registration number is 0509000123.My topic today is…
四、口译的概述和定义
What is interpretation? Interpretation is an extempore oral reproduction, in one language, of what is said in another language.The most widely-used forms of interpretation Interpretation may assume either of the following two forms: consecutive interpretation(CI)and simultaneous interpretation(SI).In SI, well-equipped booths are necessary.Interpretation Process
理解---------记忆----------再现（表达）理解是关键
Interpretation criterion
Faithful to the original message and smooth in the target language.准、顺、快
口译课的目标
1、To better students’ English;发音要改善，口语要流利，听力要提高，词汇要扩大
2、To introduce and practice interpretation skills(not tips);STM Note-taking Paraphrasing
3、To enlarge students’ scope of knowledge, including LK, ELK 课本的使用
《英语中级口译资格证书考试 中级口译教程 第二版》 梅德明 《英语高级口译全真试题集》 新东方 《中级口译备考精要》
新东方
（注：教师讲解过程中涉及到的文章已经全部收录在网络课堂的电子讲义中）
An Intermediate Course of Interpretation by Prof.Mei Deming as mainline textbook;We won’t deal with each text, though.We will be looking at the important stuff in the book: sentence structures and vocabulary.第二章 礼仪性口译
《英语中级口译资格证书考试 中级口译教程 第二版》 梅德明
注：教师讲课过程中涉及到的全部课本内容，已经完整收录在我们的电子讲义中。
一、vocabulary work词汇预热一 world-renowned 世界闻名 diversity 多样化 dynamism 充满活力 a special regard 特殊的敬意 nostalgic 怀旧的、思乡的 memorable 值得回忆的 utmost courtesy 非常的礼貌 extensive 广泛的
overshadow 使„„黯然失色 non-governmental sector 民间组织 foundations 基金会 mutual benefit 互惠互利 good faith 良好的诚意
strategic relationship
战略关系 flourish
兴旺繁荣
mutual 的搭配
mutual 可以和这些词搭配
mutual respect/benefit/understanding mutual trust/confidence/courtesy(礼尚往来)
mutual equality/complementarity our mutual friend 我们共同的朋友 mutual aid 互助
mutual promise 相互的约定 by mutual consent 双方同意 mutual affection 相爱
二、Expressing Thanks
Permit me first to thank you, our Chinese hosts, for your extraordinary arrangements and hospitality.My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply grateful.首先，请允许我感谢中国东道主的精心安排与好客，我夫人与我，以及代表团的全体人员，都深为感激。
Thank you very much for your kind words of welcome.This is a happy and memorable occasion for me personally as well as for the members of my delegation.我非常感谢阁下的友好欢迎辞，对我本人以及代表团所有成员来说，这是愉快而难忘的一天。
In closing, may I say again how delighted and privileged we are to be in your country.We are deeply grateful for what you have done for us since our arrival in your country.在我结束讲话之前，我想再说一遍，我们来贵国作客是多么的愉快和荣幸。对于我们抵达贵国后你们为我们所做的一切，我们深表感谢。
On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music.我谨代表在座的所有的同事，对你们那独有的、著称于世的款待表示感谢。我不仅要感谢特别感谢为我们准备晚宴的人们，而且还要特别感谢演奏优美音乐的人们。
表示感谢的常用形式 On behalf of…
For myself and for our entire delegation, On behalf of all the members of my delegation and in my own name, For our Group and myself, 主体结构：I' d like to express / extend my heartfelt thanks to you /warm gratitude hearty gratefulness /sincere thanks to you and through you to Mr.Smith
for your kind invitation(to visit China / to this fair.)/kind hospitality /warm welcome /for giving this grand banquet./for inviting us to such a marvelous dinner tonight.1.I' d like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my earnest gratitude for your help.我愿借此机会向你们的帮助表示衷心的感谢。
2.I should like to express my heartfelt gratitude for your gracious reception and hospitality.我愿向你们盛情的接待与款待表示衷心的感谢。
3.Please accept our sincere thanks for your kind invitation.请接受我们对你友好邀请的真诚感谢。
4.Thank you very much for giving me such an excellent opportunity to visit this beautiful city and work with you.非常感谢你们给我这个极好的机会让我来访问这个美丽的城市并和你们共事。
5.I am very happy to have this second chance of joyful gathering with you.我非常高兴和你们再次相聚。
6.I would like to thank Sir Broers, Vice-Chancellor, for the invitation, which brings me to the famous Cambridge University.非常感谢布鲁尔斯校长的邀请，使我来到久负盛名的剑桥大学。
三、which从句
This is basically a correct observation, which says something about the American way of life.这种看法基本上是正确的，它反映了美国人的生活方式。
Greyhound is the largest long distance coach company, which offers the monthly pass.“灰狗”汽车公司是美国最大的长途汽车公司，有月票出售。
Those were happy days.They were good days, important days.We were part of the dramatic process which brought us back together and set us on the road to a genuine friendly and cooperative relationship.我们参与了那富有戏剧性的转变过程，它使我们重新走到一起，使我们踏上了通往建立一种真诚友好与合作关系的道路。
My visit is a symbol of the good faith with which we seek to build up the strength of our friendship, our cultural and commercial ties and our important strategic relationship.我的访问是良好诚意的象征，我们怀着这种良好诚意，希望能在友谊的基础上建立文化和商业关系，建立重要的战略关系。
On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.我谨代表我在座的所有同事，对你们那独有的、著称于世的款待表示感谢。
So, let us start a long march together on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peace and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity and in which each nation, large or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, its own course of development, free of outside interference or domination.所以，让我们沿着通往共同目标的不同的道路，一起开始新的长征。这个目标就是建立一个和平与正义的世界，在这个世界里所有人都可以站在一起享有同等的尊严，所有国家无论其大小，都有权决定自己的政府形式，选择自己的发展道路，而不受外来干涉或统治。
In that spirit, I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to the friendship and cooperation of our two peoples which can lead to friendship and peace for all peoples in the world.本着这种精神，我敬请各位与我一起举杯，为我们两国人民之间的友谊与合作干杯，这种友谊与合作能够带给全世界人民友谊与和平。
四、口译实考题分析
I wish to take this opportunity to thank you on behalf of all my colleagues for your warm reception and hospitality.// 我愿借此机会，谨代表我所有的同事们，对你们热情的迎接和款待表示感谢。
The past five days in China have been truly pleasant and enjoyable and most memorable.在中国度过的这五天，令人愉快，难以忘怀。I particularly want to pay tribute to our Chinese partners for their sincere cooperation and support in concluding these agreements.我特别要称颂我们的中国合作者，他们的真诚合作与支持使这项协议得以签署。
May I ask all of you present here to join me in raising your glasses, to the lasting friendship and cooperation between our two companies.我敬请各位与我一起举杯，为我们两家公司的永久友谊和合作而干杯。
五、vocabulary work词汇预热二
Your Excellency 阁下
cradle of civilization 文明的摇篮 renew old friendship 重温旧情 establish new contacts 结交新友
a constant source of encouragement 不断的鼓舞 in the pursuit of 追求
a common aspiration 共同的愿望 endeavor＝try in the service of 造福于
in closing 最后 privileged 荣幸的
propose a toast 提议„„干杯 cheers 干杯 称呼
Ladies and gentlemen
Your Excellency, My Chinese friends Respected Mr.chairman, ladies and gentlemen Mr.president
“ Your Excellency, Mr.Minister,” Less formally, one may address government officials as: “Mr.8 Director,” “Mr.Minister, ” “Mr.President, ” related other expressions: Your/His/Her majesty
Your/His/Her Highness/ Excellency/Royal Highness Your/His/Her Honor/ Excellency /Madam Mr.Smith, Ladies and Gentlemen, Mr.and Mrs.Smith(“Dr.and Mrs.Green” if applicable)
六、招待口译常用句型、搭配
1、称呼常用搭配 gracious invitation on the basis of mutual respect and equality, and mutual benefit;warm welcome generous/incomparable hospitality extraordinary arrangement(精心安排)peace, stability and prosperity
2、英语的名词转换成汉语的动词
We, therefore, welcome the interest and understanding that China has shown regarding the problems of and positions taken by small and developing countries.China’s support is a constant source of encouragement to us in the pursuit of the goals of developing and maintaining the independence of our country.我们因而欢迎中国关注和理解小国和发展中国家所遇到的问题以及所持的立场。中国的支持始终鼓励着我们追求发展与保持我国独立的立场。
I look forward, in the next few days, to the opportunity of learning something from your endeavour and experience in promoting economic and social development in the service of your people.我期待着在今后的几天里有机会向你们学习，从你们为造福人们而促进经济和社会发展的奋斗和经验中学到一些东西。
I’d like to take this opportunity to extend to Your Excellency an invitation to visit my country, so that we will have an opportunity to return the warm welcome and generous hospitality you extended to us.我愿意借此机会邀请阁下访问我国，以便我们能有机会回报你们给予我们的热情欢迎和盛情款待。
3、祝酒
May I propose a toast To the health of Your Excellency, To the health of all the Chinese friends, Cheers!现在由我祝酒 为阁下的身体健康，为所有中国朋友的身体健康，干杯！
May I ask you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two cities.Now I would like to invite you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two cities.Ladies and Gentlemen, allow me to propose a toast.With the wine of the host, I request you all to raise your glasses and drink to the health of Smith!
4、实战练习
Thank you very much for your gracious speech of welcome.China is one of the earliest cradles of civilization and a visit to this ancient civilization has long been my dream.我非常感谢您热情友好的欢迎词。中国是最古老的文明摇篮之一，访问这个文明古国是我多年梦寐以求的愿望。
This visit will give me an excellent opportunity to meet old friends and establish new contacts.这次访问给与我一次极好的机会拜访老朋友，结交新朋友。I wish to say again that I am so delighted and privileged to visit your great country and this lovely town.我为自己能访问伟大的贵国和这座美丽的城市，再次表达我的愉快之情和荣幸之感。
I am deeply grateful for everything you have done for me since my arrival in China.我对您为我到达贵国后所作的一切安排深表谢意。
第三章 中国传统文化
一、“传统节日”单词预热 vocabulary work 烹调 cooking cuisine 鱼肉满架 well stocked with fish and meat 象征意义 symbolic significance 农历 lunar calendar 阳历 solar calendar 端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 元宵节 Lantern Festival 清明节 Pure Brightness Day 重阳节 Double Ninth Day 放逐 be exiled 忠臣 loyal minister 糯米粽子 glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves 祭祀亡灵 in memory of sb.龙舟比赛 dragon boat races 中秋节 Mid Autumn Festival 满月 full moon 月饼 moon cake 蜜饯 preserved fruits 豆沙 bean paste 11 蛋黄 egg yolk 海鲜 seafood 家禽 poultry 饺子 dumplings 八宝饭 eight treasure rice 米羹 rice balls 油条 fried sticks 麻花 fried twisted stick 炒面 Chaomian 叉烧包 steamed bun with roast pork 粥 porridge 芋头 taro 葱油饼 pan-fried cake with sesame seeds and green onion 有关春节的常用词 放鞭炮 let off firecrackers 耍龙灯 play the dragon lantern 耍狮子 play the lion dance 拜年 pay a new-year call
二、有关“介绍”的翻译
我很高兴向各位介绍中国的主要传统节日。
I am very happy to have the opportunity to talk to you about major traditional Chinese holidays.
表示“介绍情况”时，我们可以这样翻译： 1.to share with you brief information 在此，我愿意向朋友们介绍这些方面的情况。
I'd like to share with you brief information in this respect.2.to brief you on 借此机会，我愿意向各位朋友介绍中国加入世贸组织和参与经济全球化的有关情况。
I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to brief you on China's accession to WTO and participation in economic globalization.3.to give a brief account of 我简单介绍我厂的情况。
Let me, first of all, give you a brief account of this factory.在来宾们参观我校之前，请允许我简要介绍一下我校的概况。
Before you start to look around, I would like to give you a brief account of our school.4.to tell us how/what 请主席先生介绍一下中国农村扶贫运动的情况。
Will Mr.Chairman tell us how the anti-poverty drive is going on in China? 5.to show you 我想向您介绍一下我们初步拟定的活动日程。I would like to show you our tentative itinerary.6.to provide sb.with some information 借此机会，向各位介绍上海经济发展和开展国际经贸交往的一些情况。I’d like to take this opportunity to provide you with some information about Shanghai’s economic development and its foreign trade.7.share a piece of my mind
三、实考题分析
中国的传统节庆膳食除了在数量和质量上与平时有所不同之外，一些历史悠久、具有象征意义的食物也是节日必不可缺的伴侣。
Traditional holiday meals are different from everyday meals in terms of quantity and quality.In addition, some foods with a long history and symbolic significance are indispensable on these occasions.例如，我国的端午节是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子。
For example, on the Dragon Boat Festival, a day set aside in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan, people will hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, a kind of glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves.13 中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。
The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon.The round moon is a symbol for completeness, and family reunion.The special food of the day is the yuebing, a round moon cake.春节是中国的农历新年，除了常见的海鲜、家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统菜肴，如饺子和年糕。
The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday.In addition to the popular seafood, poultry and meat, people will prepare traditional food, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the year cake according to their regional custom.四、“武术”单词预热 vocabulary work 武术
martial art 武术宫 martial art palace 健身 bodybuilding 减肥 lose weight 填写登记表 fill in a form 会员卡 membership card 古代格斗术 form of combat习武 practice martial art 中国武术协会 Chinese Martial Arts Association 扣人心弦的表演 thrilling performance 杂技 acrobatics 顶尖/身怀绝技/无懈可击的 top/first-rate/ 武林高手 professional martial artist warrior, sumono, knight, errant, martial artist, swordsman
单句翻译练习：
武术又称功夫，在中国已经有1000年历史了。
Wushu, known as Kongfu or martial arts, has a history of a thousand years in China.中国的劳动人民练习武术以强身健体和自我保护，武术至今仍大受欢迎。
The working people in China practice Wushu for physical training and self-defense and Wushu is still immensely popular today.中国武术还引起了外国人的兴趣，在全世界不少国家，都有人学习武术。
Chinese Wushu has also aroused interest among foreigners and is taught in many countries throughout the world.练习武术有各种各样的固定套路，有的要赤手空拳，有的要拿武器。
Wushu is practiced in various types of set exercises, either bare-handed or with weapons.武术是中国特有的民族运动，它可以锻炼身体，培养意志力，训练打斗技巧。
A unique Chinese national sport, Wushu builds strong bodies, steels the willpower and gives training in fighting skills.五、实考题分析
欢迎光临上海武术中心。在这里您可以健身、减肥、结交朋友，以及了解中国文化。
Welcome to Shanghai Martial Arts Center.Here you can do exercise to build up your body, reduce your weight, make new friends, as well as learn about Chinese culture.我们的武术协会还为各位来宾准备了精彩的节目。除了武术表演，您还可以观赏京剧节目和杂技表演。
In addition, our Martial Art Association has prepared some fabulous programes for our visitors.You can watch martial art performances, Peking Opera and acrobatic shows.倘若您想亲身体验一下中国武术，我们可以派一流的教师进行团体或个别指导。If you want to get some personal experience with Chinese martial arts, we have first class teachers for individual or group training.我们的武术专卖店出售有关中华武术的图书资料、录像带和激光视盘。满足您的需要是本中心的服务宗旨。
Our martial art store sells books, video tapes and VCDs on Chinese martial arts.To meet your need is the purpose of our service.六、传统文化词汇补充
气功
controlled breathing exercise 春联
spring couplet 剪纸
paper-cut 戏剧脸谱
theatrical mask 国画
traditional Chinese painting 中药
TCM 单口相声
monologue comic talk 对口相声
witty dialogue;comic cross talk 马戏
circus performance 传说
legend 神话
mythology 寓言
fable 二十四节气
the twenty-four solar terms 四大发明：
火药
gunpowder 印刷术
movable type printing 造纸术
paper making 指南针
compass
四书：
大学
The Great Learning 中庸
The Doctrine of the Mean 论语
The Analects of Confucius 孟子
the Mencius 孙子兵法
The art of War 三国演义
Three Kingdoms 西游记
Journey to the West
Monkey King 红楼梦
Dream of the Red Mansions
Story of the Stone 水浒传 Outlaws of the Marsh
All men are brothers 诗经
The Book of Songs 书经
The Books of History 易经
I Ching The Book of Changes 礼记
The Book of Rites 孝经
Book of Filial Piety 三字经
three word chant 八股文
stereotyped writing 重要文化遗产
major cultural heritage
第四章
实考题分析
一、口语题目范文分析
Good Health As a popular saying goes: “Health is better than wealth.” Good health enables one to enjoy his life and achieve what he hopes for in his career.On the other hand, poor health tends to deprive one of his interest in everything around him.Therefore, health is indispensable to one’s happy life.There are many ways, I think, which can help to build up one’s health.In the first place, those who always work from morning till night should find time to relax because too much stress can lead to poor performance and ill health.Secondly, if one wants to keep healthy, he must give up the habits that damage his health.Finally, regular exercises are essential for a healthy mind and body.To the best of my knowledge, there is nothing more healthful than a brisk walk in the morning.Personally, I like running in the morning.And I have benefited a lot of from it.My health condition is getting better and better.So I will persist in doing so in the future.这篇口语表述中运用到的技巧：
1、引用谚语
2、使用常用短语和句型
3、作比较
4、使用关联词
5、用明确的词表明自己的观点
6、用自己举例子
7、常用的序数词
小贴士：口语阐述时最好能加上自己的亲身经历
二、口译实考练习
三、口译实考分析 英译汉 Passage 1: In terms of its impact on our society, I think AIDS will certainly be the number one serious public-health hazard going into the next century.//
从对我们社会所造成的影响这个角度来看，我认为艾滋病必定是我们进入下一世纪的头号健康大敌。
AIDS ：Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome
Among all the ways and means, a massive educational campaign is the only thing conceivable at the moment that can really help.// 在所有措施中，开展大规模的教育活动是目前唯一行之有效的办法。
Some people argue that a nationwide, or worldwide, educational campaign on AIDS awareness is difficult, expensive and therefore impossible.I think their argument is groundless.// 有些人认为，在全国范围或全世界范围开展提防艾滋病的教育活动难度大，代价高，因而无法实施。我认为这种观点是毫无根据的。
We'll have to convince people that they're better of knowing than not knowing the fact, because they can take actions, treat the problem and control AIDS infection with appropriate drugs.我们应该使人们相信，了解实际情况总比蒙在鼓里好，因为了解实情后我们便可以行动起来，共同研讨这一问题，并可以用适当的药物来控制疾病的传染。参考书录《中高级口译口试备考精要》
Passage 2: People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable, without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it.// 不同文化背景的人在一起有时会做出一些令对方感到不舒服的事，他们并非故意要这样做，有时甚至连自己也未察觉。
Most Americans are usually spontaneous, friendly and open, and enjoy meeting new people, having guests and ringing people together formally or informally.// 大多数美国人通常天真、率直，友好坦率，喜欢结识人，欢迎客人来访，愿意召集正式的或非正式的聚会。
They tend to be informal and speak freely.So if your American hosts do something that makes you uncomfortable, try to let them know how you feel.They will appreciate your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again.//
美国人往往不拘礼节，说话毫无拘束。所以要是你的美国主人做出了使你感到不舒服的事，你应该设法让他们知道你的感受。他们会喜欢你的诚实态度，尽量不再做你不喜欢的事。
Sometimes Americans are said to be superficially friendly.Perhaps it seems so.Just like anywhere else, it takes time to become real friends with people in the United States.有时美国人的友善会被视为一种表面现象。或许看上去确实是这么一回事。同其他地方一样，与美国人结成真正的朋友是需要一段时间的。
补充：文化差异方面的口译练习
Much business in the United States is conducted on the telephone.The average businessman spends much of his time on the telephone making business contacts.在美国许多生意都是通过电话谈的。一般的生意人都花很多时间打电话，接洽生意。
However, it usually will not be convenient to make initial contracts between Chinese and U.S.businesses by telephone.但是，中国公司和美国公司通过电话商讨初步协议通常很不方便。
There is no particular style to American negotiations.The way the negotiations are conducted will vary from one business to another and will depend upon the individuals involved.与美国人谈判并无特别的样式。谈判的方式视业务不同而不同，取决于参与谈判的人员。
Although Americans have a reputation for making quick decisions, this is not always true when a corporation is involved in a major venture or a large project.Therefore, you should also be prepared for lengthy negotiations.虽然美国人享有决策果断的声誉，但是，在公司着手进行主要或重大项目时，决策并非总是果断的。因此，你也要做好准备进行冗长的谈判。
四、口译实考分析 汉译英
Passage 1: 中餐桌上最神奇、最有特色的用餐工具莫过于筷子。几千年来我们中国人一直视筷子为一种最简单同时也是最有效的用餐工具。
No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than the chopsticks.For thousands of years we Chinese have always regarded chopsticks the simplest possible and the most efficient tool for meals.关于筷子的用料，其种类各有不同，选材包括竹子、木材、玉石、象牙、塑料、金银等。Chopsticks can be made of a variety of materials, including bamboo, wood, jade, ivory, plastic, gold and silver and so on.对于西方人来说，掌握用筷的方法和技巧在开始时也许难度很大，但是只要有耐心，用心去练，不久便可以熟练地使用筷子享用中餐。
For Westerners, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be quite challenging at the beginning.But as long as you have patience and concentrate on practice, you will soon be able to use chopsticks skillfully enough to enjoy a Chinese meal.如果想享用一顿真正意义上的中餐，那么花时间耐心学习用筷技艺不仅很有必要，而且也很有趣。
If you want to enjoy a Chinese meal in the real sense, it is not only necessary, but also very interesting, to spend some patient time learning to acquire the skills of using chopsticks.Passage 2：
中国是一个多民族国家，具有经济发展不平衡的特点。在这块辽阔的土地上，人们使用多种语言和方言。
China is a multi-national country featuring unbalanced economic development, In the vast territory, different languages ad various dialects are used.//
几十年来，政府一直号召推广普通话，作为标准汉语，但在相当多的人口中，普通话还未能成为日常使用的交流工具。
Even though the government has called for popularization of Mandarin as the standard Chinese language for decades, it has not become the daily-use communication tool among a considerable number of the people.//
这显然阻碍了经济发展与社会进步。毫无疑问，推广和提倡使用普通话对加快中国改革开放的步伐是举足轻重的。
This obviously hinders economic development and social progress.Undoubtedly the popularization and promotion of Mandarin is vital to speeding up China's reform and opening up drive.//
这样做，将有助于提高汉语信息管理技术，因此，符合全体中国人民的根本利益。It will help improve the technology of information management in Chinese.Therefore, it is the basic interests of all Chinese.20
补充有关餐桌礼仪的句子翻译
中国人吃饭用筷子，西方人则用餐刀、餐叉。有些人会用筷子，但大多数人则不行，所以在西方客人摆餐具时，筷子旁边再摆上刀叉是很明智的做法。
Chinese eat with chopsticks while most of the westerners eat with knives and forks.Some westerners may be quite good at using chopsticks, but most of them are not, therefore when setting a table at which westerners are entertained, it is always advisable to place knives and forks along side the chopsticks.中国的宴席，把菜肴摆在餐桌中央。西方人则不习惯把手伸得老长，满桌子挥舞。然而，中国人的习惯就是各人从餐桌中央菜盘子里夹菜。所以，宴请外国客人时，这一点应该向他们讲明白。
At Chinese dinner parties, the dishes are usually placed in the middle of the table.Westerners are not used to reaching for something over the table.But in China, it is usual to help oneself to the food placed at the center of the table.So when we entertain foreign guests, we should explain such table manners to them.中国人请客，主人总是不断往客人的盘子里夹菜。这使外国客人觉得非常尴尬。即便是不喜欢的菜品，他也得吃下去，因为在西方，把食物剩在盘子里是极不礼貌的行为。At a Chinese dinner, the host always puts more food on to the guest's plate.That often makes a foreign guest feel very awkward.He has to eat the food even if he doesn't feel like it, because it is considered bad manners in the west to leave one's food on the plate.与此相反，一个中国人出席，比方说，一个美国人举行的宴会，他常常辞谢递给他的食物或饮料。虽然他其实还饿着或渴着。这在中国可能是礼貌之举。
On the contrary, a Chinese sits at, say, an American’s dinner party, he very often refuses the offer of food or drinks though in fact he is still hungry or thirsty.This might be good manners in China, but it is definitely not in the West.五、中国国情的翻译内容补充
经过半个多世纪的艰苦努力，特别是二十多年的改革开放，中国已迈入全面建设小康社会的发展新阶段。
After over half a century of strenuous efforts, more than two decades of reform and opening-up in particular, China has now entered a new stage of development aimed at building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way.但中国仍然是一个发展中国家，人口多、底子薄是中国的基本国情。中国实现自身发展的道路依然艰苦而漫长。
However, China is still a developing country, large population and inadequate economic development remain its basic national conditions.It has a long way to go before achieving its development goals.21 中华人民共和国是全国人民共同缔造的统一的多民族国家。迄今为止，中国有56个民族。
The People’s Republic of China is a united multi-national state founded jointly by the people of all nationalities.So far, there are 56 nationalities.与汉族相比，其他55个民族人口相对较少，因此他们在习惯上被称为“少数民族”。
Compared with the Han nationality, China’s other 55 ethnic groups have a relatively small population, thus they are customarily referred to as ethnic minorities.1990年中国进行了第四次人口普查，据统计，在全国总人口中，汉族人口约占92%，少数民族人口占8%。
According to the fourth national census conducted in 1990, the Han nationality accounts for 92 percent of the country’s total population, and minority ethnic groups account for 8 percent.在长期的历史发展过程中，中华民族这个大家庭中的各族人民经过融合和迁移，形成了今天的分布格局。
During China’s long history of development, the people of various nationalities in China migrated and mingled, which eventually brought about today’s distribution.六、口译考试备考方式
1、充分利用口译教程
2、复习过程中注意句式的把握，特别注意课本中术语、套词、句式的记忆
3、眼睛、嘴巴、手三者兼顾
4、多看口译的案例
第五篇：新东方中级中级口译口试模拟题
新东方09秋中级口译口试模拟试题第一套
口语题
Directions: Talk on the following topic for at least 5 minutes.Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate.You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk.You need to have your name and registration number recorded.Start your talk with “My name is„, “ “My registration number is„”.Topic: What are the important factors involved in looking for an ideal job?
Questions for Reference:
1.What qualifications or personality do you think are of vital importance for an individual in his or her job hunting?
2.What is your primary concern in selecting a profession, your personal interest, income, specialization, or your working environment? Give reasons for your answer.3.Do you think a job interview is indispensable for a recruiting institution? Why or why not? How can we train ourselves to become successful interviewees?
Part A
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English.After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into Chinese.Start interpreting at the signal„and stop it at the signal„You may take notes while you are listening.Remember you will hear the passages only once.Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:
Welcome to the Cairo International Conference Center.The Conference Center is a gift from the government of China.It is a symbol of friendship between the peoples of China and Egypt.//
Up to now, the Cairo International Conference Center is the only comprehensive conference center in Egypt.It occupies an area of 300,000 square meters.Of there, 58,000 square meters have been given to conference facilities.//
The Center is a mere 10-minute drive from the Cairo International Airport, a 5-minute walk from the Cairo Football Stadium and the Cairo International Exhibition Hall.//
As you stroll in the conference center you will be able to appreciate the magnificent architecture and millions of dollars' worth of art.You will also enjoy the beauty of the lovely man-made lake and the two Chinese pavilions.（参考答案）
欢迎参观开罗国际会议中心。开罗国际会议中心是中国政府赠送给埃及政府的礼物，是中埃两国人民友好的象征。
迄今为止，开罗国际会议中心仍是埃及唯一的综合性中心。会议中心占地30万平方米，其中5万8千平方米为会议设施。
中心距开罗国际机场驱车仅10分钟，步行5分钟便可抵达开罗足球场和开罗国际博览馆。
漫步会议中心，您不仅能领略宏伟的建筑，还能欣赏到价值成百万埃镑的艺术品。您还能欣赏到美丽的人工湖和两座中国式样的亭子。
Passage 2:
We established our friendly and cooperative relations on the understanding that we would develop our friendship on the basis of mutual respect and equality, and mutual benefit.// We believe that it is absolutely important that all nations, big or small, strong or weak, should establish and maintain their relations on these principles.//
We are appreciate the interest and the understanding that China has shown regarding the problems of small and developing countries.We also appreciate China’s firm support in our economic development.// I look forward, in the next few days, to the opportunity of learning something from your experience in promoting economic and social development in the interest of your people.（参考答案）
我们建立友好合作关系时是基于这样一种认识，即我们要在相互尊重和平等的基础上发展我们的友谊。//
我们认为，所有国家，无论其大小强弱，都应该在这些原则的基础建立和维持相互间的关系，这是至关重要的。//
我们赞赏中国关注和理解向我们的小国和发展中国家所遇到的问题，我们赞赏中国对我们经济发展的有力支持。//
我期待在今后的几天里有机会向你们请教，学习你们为造福贵国人民而促进经济和社会发展的经验。
Part B
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in Chinese.After you have each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into English.Start interpreting at the signal„and stop it at the signal„You may take notes while you are listening.Remember you will hear the passages only once.Now, let us begin Part B with the first passage.Passage 1:
万里长城据称是唯一可以从月球上望见的地球建筑物，人们可以从位于北京西北75公里以外的八达岭区直接观望到蜿蜒连绵的万里长城。//长城始建于战国时期，以防御北方外族人入侵.统一中国的秦始皇动用了无数人建成了今天的中国长城。//
举世闻名的长城全长6,700公里,起始于俯望渤海湾的山海关，止于甘肃省的嘉峪关.两千年来几经修整，是中华民族的历史见证。//万里长城雄伟壮观。古代中国人在没有机械的条件下用双手修建了这样伟大的建筑真是了不起。
（参考答案）
The Great Wall claims to be the only man-made structure on the earth which is visible from the moon.The winding Great Wall can be viewed from the Badaling district, about 75 kilometers to the northwest of Beijing.//
It was built during the Warring States period to prevent invasions of nomadic people from the north.The first Qin emperor, who united China into one country, mobilized hundreds of thousands of builders to complete what is known today as the Great Wall of China.//
The world-famous Great Wall is 6,700 kilometers long from Shanhaikuan, which overlooks the Gulf of Bo Hai, to Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu province.The wall underwent repeated reconstruction during its 2000-year history, witnessing the historical changes of the Chinese nation.// The Great Wall is magnificent.It is really great that the ancient Chinese constructed such a gigantic structure without any machinery available.Passage 2:
亚洲是地球上最大的洲，聚居着世界60%的人口。资源十分丰富，历史源远流长，文化博大精深。//
上个世纪中，亚洲的巨变压和崛起，谱写了亚洲发展的辉煌篇章，也成为人类社会圣贤步的显著标志。//
近年来，在各国的努力下，亚洲地区合作意识日益增强，健康和互利的合作局面正在形成。//
发展经济是亚洲各国的首要任务。我们可以把贸易、交通、农业、信息、能源作为优先合作领域。并逐步向其他领域扩展。
（参考答案）
As the biggest continent on the earth, Asia takes up 60% of its population.It has abundant resources, a long history and profound / magnificent and exquisite cultures.//
With its great changes and rise in the last century, Asia wrote a glorious chapter of its development and left a brilliant hallmark on the advancement of human society.//
In recent years, thanks to the joint efforts of Asian countries, there has been a growing awareness of regional cooperation, while a situation of healthy and mutually beneficial cooperation is taking shape.//
Economic development is the primary task of Asian countries.Such areas as trade, communications, agriculture, information and energy can be made priorities of cooperation, which will be gradually enlarged to include other areas.新东方09秋中级口译口试模拟试题第二套
口语题
Directions: Talk on the following topic for at least 5 minutes.Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate.You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk.You need to have your name and registration number recorded.Start your talk with “My name is„, “ “My registration number is„”.Topic: My view of a successful foreign language learner
Questions for Reference:
1.What is the relationship between learning grammatical knowledge and learning language skills(listening, speaking, reading, writing, etc.)?
2.Which one is more important for a foreign language learner, natural environment or classroom setting? Or, are there any other important factors? What are they?
3.What methods have you been following in learning a foreign language? Why?
Part A
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English.After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into Chinese.Start interpreting at the signal„and stop it at the signal„You may take notes while you are listening.Remember you will hear the passages only once.Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:
We are meeting here to call for changes in the US patent laws.We believe such changes in the US patent laws are needed to deal with new business models related to the Internet.// US patent laws are designed to protect the commercial rights of people who have invested in new products or techniques.And I propose that the period of protection should be cut form 17 years to 3 years.//
From my experience of working with Hi-Technology companies in California’s Silicon Valley, the biggest problems arise when existing patent protections for business methods are combined with the Internet.//
If changes in the patent laws are going to have any real impact, they must be made soon.Some of my colleagues in the industry have already begun lobbying lawmakers to make the changes.//
（参考答案）
我们在此集会，要求/呼吁修改美国专利法。我们认为专利法必须加以修改才能应付与互联网有关的一些新商业模式。.//
制订美国专利法是为了保护那些投资开发新产品或新技术的人的商业权利。我在这里提议专利权的保护期应该从原来的17年缩短为3年。//
凭我在加州硅谷高科技公司的工作经验，当现行的商务行为的专利保护同因特网联系在一起时,就会出现最严重的问题。//
如果想让专利法的修改能真正起到作用，那就必须加快(修订)速度。我的一些同行已经开始游说立法者修改(法律)。//
Passage 2:
It has been a fashion nowadays that people own private cars.It has been rightly said that owning a private car is a symbol of living a high-quality life.//
But, personally, when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality.There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities.//
People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when steering a wheel.The surprising thing is that society smiles so kindly on the motorist and seems to forgive his for his behavior.//
Because of heavy traffic, many cities and towns become almost uninhabitable.And year in year out, mass annual slaughter in traffic accidents becomes more a statistic figure, to be conveniently forgotten.（参考答案）
如今，人们拥有私车是一种时髦。有人说的对，拥有私车象征着享有高质量的生活。//
然而我以为当一个坐在方向盘后时，他的车子便是他个性的延伸.毫无疑问，汽车常常展示一个人最糟的品质。// 平时温文尔雅之士，一旦坐于方向盘后，可能会判若两人。令人吃惊的是，社会竟对开车者笑脸相迎，悦目以待，对其行为似乎网开一面。//
由于交通拥挤，城市和乡镇变得几乎难以居住，年复一年，每年大规模的车毁人亡，成了只不过是个统计数字，不久便会被忘却。
Part B
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in Chinese.After you have each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into English.Start interpreting at the signal„and stop it at the signal„You may take notes while you are listening.Remember you will hear the passages only once.Now, let us begin Part B with the first passage.Passage 1
要了解中国文化，就应该对中国的戏曲文化有所了解。中国地方戏种类很多，其中京剧是一个具有代表性的剧种。//
作为一个独立的剧种，京剧的诞生大约是在1840年至1860年。京剧是在吸收其他地方戏营养的基础上形成的。//
京剧有明确的角色分工；在念白上用北京方言；在音乐上以胡琴为主要伴秦乐器。//
由于京剧是在融合各种地方戏之精华的基础上形成的，它不仅为北京观众所钟爱，也受到全国人民的喜爱。
（参考答案）
To understand better the Chinese culture, you have to know something about the opera culture in China.There are many kinds of local operas in our country.Peking Opera is considered the representative type.//
As an independent opera form, Peking Opera was born between 1840 and 1860.It evolved / originated from / formed by absorbing the creams / essentials / essential elements of other local operas.// In Peking Opera there is a clear division of roles;the language used is Beijing speech / dialect;and huqin, a two-stringed bower fiddle, is the major accompanying musical instrument.//
Because Peking Opera has combined the cream of various local operas, it is enjoyed not only by Beijing residents / local residents in Beijing, but also by people from all over the country.Passage 2:
武术在此国源远流长，是中华民族的瑰宝。同时，也正逐渐传播到世界，成为人类的共同财富。// 为了正好的推广武术，使武术与奥运项目接轨，中国武协和国际武联做了大量艰苦卓绝的工作。//
今天，武术的蓬勃发展，除得益于其项目本身的吸引力外，早期移居海外的一代武术大师们的努力也功不可没。//
在新的时期，竞技武术在传统武术的基础上发展起来了,从而为武术的普及与提高提供了一个新的舞台..（参考答案）
Wushu, or Chinese martial arts, can trace back to the ancient times.It is a gem of the Chinese traditional culture.And it is now spreading to the rest of the world to be shared by mankind.The Chinese Wushu Association and International Wushu Federation(IWUF)have been working very hard to popularize Wushu and move the Chinese martial arts closer to the Olympic Movement.The booming of Wushu is attributed nor only to the attractiveness of the sport but also to(the efforts by)whose early emigrant Chinese Wushu masters.In modern times, Competitive Wushu, which has developed on the basis of traditional Wushu, provides a new stage to popularize and improve the Chinese martial arts.
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