形容词副词的区别和联系

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第一篇:形容词副词的区别和联系

1.什么是形容词

形容词是用来修饰或描述名词(或代词),表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。

• • • 如:Li Lei is a good student.李磊是一名好学生。China is a great country.(形容词good修饰名词student)• 中国是一个了不起的国家。

(形容词great修饰名词country)

• The coat is black.• 那件上衣是黑色的。(形容词black表示coat的特征.2.形容词的位置

• • • • • • •(1)形容词通常用于名词的前面。

She is a famous actress.她是位有名的演员。

He is a warm-hearted man.他是一个热心的人。(2)形容词用在系动词后作表语。

Monkey is smart.猴子很机灵。It’s hot in summer.夏季,天很热。

You look fine.你们看上去很好。

3.形容词的反义词

beautiful--ugly(美丽,丑陋)thick---thin(厚 薄)big---small 大小 quick---slow 快慢

old---new 旧新 luck---unluck 幸运,不幸运 good---bad 好坏 wild---strict 广阔的,狭小的start-stop 开始,结束 hot---cold 冷 热

up-down 上 下 left-right 左 右

black-white 黑 白 important---unimportant 重要,不重要

comfortable---uncomfortable 舒适,不舒适 sure---unsure 确信,不确定

thin-fat 瘦 胖long-short 长 短

many---little 多 少 much---few 多 少

clever---foolish 聪明 蠢 easy----difficult 容易 难

smooth---rough 光滑 粗糙 friendly----unfriendly 友好,不 友好

4.什么是副词

• 副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句的词,表示时间、地点、程度、状态等。如:

•(1)The wind is blowing strongly.风刮的很大。•(副词strongly修饰动词blow,表示程度)•(2)I can see clearly.我能看的清。•(副词clearly修饰动词see)•(3)It is very late.天很晚了。•(副词very修饰形容词late)

•(4)You speak too quickly.你说的太快(副词修饰副词)•(副词too修饰副词quickly)5.副词的种类 • 副词根据它们的意义,可以分为下面几类。• • • •(1)时间副词:表示“什么时候” “频率”。

always 总是

often经常

usually通常 seldom不常

sometimes有时

now现在

then那时

today今天

yesterday昨天

•(2)地点副词:主要描述地点。

• here这里

there那儿

up向上

•(3)程度副词:主要表示程度。

• much很;非常

little很少

very非常 • too太

enough足够地

quite十分地 •(4)方式副词:主要表示“怎样地”。

• slowly慢慢地

quickly快地

suddenly突然地 • warmly热情地

neatly整洁地

quietly安静地 • badly糟糕地

happily快乐地 •(5)疑问副词:用来引导一个特殊疑问句。• how 怎样

when 什么时候 • where 在哪里

why为什么

• down向下

back向后

everywhere到处 •

6.副词的位置

•(1)副词修饰动词时,通常位于被修饰动词的后面。• We should study hard.我们应该努力学习。• You walk too fast.你走得太快。

•(2)副词修饰形容词时,通常放在该形容词的前面。

• The boy is too young to go toschool.那个孩子太小,不能上学。• Mark Twin is a very funny man.马克吐温是一个非常有趣的人。•(3)副词修饰副词时,通常放在被修饰副词的前面。•

Lihua dance very well.李华舞跳得很好。• Thank you very much.非常感谢

•(4)表示频率的副词,通常位于主谓之间,也可以位于句首。• He often goes to school by bike.他经常骑车上学。• Sometimes he goes to see his mother.他有时候去看 1.一般情况下直接加“ly”, 如 quick---quickly.2.以辅音字母加“y”结尾的形容词要变“y”为“i”,然后再加“ly”.如 happy---happily.3.某些以辅音字母加不发音字母“e”结尾和以“ue”结尾的形容词要先去掉“e”, 然后再加“y”或“ly”.如

terrible---terribly

true---truly.4.有些词既可以做形容词,也可以做副词。如 fast---fast.5.有些词形容词和副词词义相同,但拼写却不同。如 good---well.6.以“ll”结尾的词,只加“y”.如 full---fully.

第二篇:副词和形容词

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副词和形容词

形容词用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。副词是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。副词可分为: 地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。

一、形容词和副词的基本用法 【翻译句子】

(1)这是一座美丽的公园。

It's a beautiful park.(2)这个动物园既生动又有趣。The zoo is both moving and interesting.(3)谁把窗开着的?

Who left the window open? 【结论1】形容词在句中一般作定语(修饰名词)、表语、补语。【完成例句】

(4)你是完全对的。

You are completely right.(5)他昨晚很晚才睡觉。

He went to bed late last night.(6)幸运的是,我没有被撞倒。

Luckily, I was not knocked down.精心收集

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【结论2】副词在句中主要作状语,用来修饰形容词、副词、动词和句子。【疑难】

He finally came back, safe and sound.【疑难剖析】形容词若作状语,表示主语所处的状态。

二、形容词的位置 【完成例句】

(7)今天的报纸没有什么新的东西。There is nothing new in today's newspaper.(8)人民,只有人民,才是创造历史的动力。

The people, and the people alone, are the motive force in the making of world history.(9)你还知道别的什么? What else do you know?(10)你认识那个肩上扛一袋米的人吗?

Do you know the man carrying a bag full of rice on his back? 【结论】单个形容词作前置定语,但在下列情况作后置定语:

形容词修饰不定代词时;当表语形容词alone, awake, alive, asleep, alike等作定语时;else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语;形容词构成短语时作后置定语。3.多个形容词排序: 【完成例句】

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(11)大厅里有一张大的圆会议桌。

There is a big round conference table in the hall.(12)她丢了一只小的闪亮的黑色皮包。

She lost a small shiny black leather handbag.(13)我想买一辆蓝色德国赛车。

I wanted a blue German sports car.【结论】常见形容词顺序归纳为口诀如下:限定描绘大长高,形状年龄与新老,颜色国籍出材料,作用类别往后靠。即:限定词(冠词、代词、数词等)+ 描绘性形容词(beautiful、interesting…)+大小、长短、高低形容词+形状、年龄、新旧形容词+颜色、国籍、出处、材料形容词+用途、类别形容词+ 中心名词。可以简单地记为:“县官行令宴国才。”

三、副词的用法 1.副词的种类

时间副词 now, today, recently, late, soon, yet等。频率副词 often, always, usually, seldom, frequently等。

地点、方向副词 away, abroad, anywhere, downstairs, home, here, there等。

方式副词 clearly, carefully, alone, high, quickly等。

程度副词 almost, a little, much, very, rather, quite, fairly, deeply等。疑问连接副词 when, where, why, how等。

否定副词 not, hardly, scarcely, rarely, never等。

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其他副词 even, also, only, too, perhaps等。2.副词的位置 【完成例句】

(14)这本书是很有趣的。This book is quite interesting.(15)这男孩已够大,可以上学了。

【结论1】 The boy is old enough to go to school.副词修饰形容词和副词时,应放在被修饰的词之前,但enough, nearby必须置于其后。【完成例句】

(16)他总是乐于助人。

He is always ready to help others.(17)我永远也忘不了那天。

I will never forget that day.【结论2】频率副词(always, often, usually, never, seldom, hardly, sometimes等)要放在实义动词之前,be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。【完成例句】

(18)幸运的是,他没有被淹死而是被解放军救了起来。

Fortunately, he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA men.(19)对她来说,她的继母对她很慈善。

Happily for her, her stepmother was kind to her.【结论3】修饰全句的副词多置于句首,作评注性状语。

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【疑难1】

分清常用同义与近义形容词、副词在表达中的语义差别。He planted this tree three years ago.Have you seen the movie before?

He is good at singing, but doesn't feel well today.【疑难剖析1】 ago、before: ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”;before指以过去或将来的某时刻为起点的“以前”。泛指“以前”用before而不用 ago。

good、well:与good不同的是,well作形容词,只能在系动词后作表语,表示“身体状况好”,也作副词修饰动词。

real、true:形容词,表“真的”。real强调真实存在的而不是幻想的,在句中常作定语;true指与事实标准和实际情况相符合,在句中作表语或定语。【疑难2】词性辨析 He was very friendly.He jumped high in the game and we all thought highly of him.The thunder was very frightening, so the little girl was very frightened.【疑难剖析2】

(1)下列单词以“-ly”结尾,但却是形容词而非副词:lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、brotherly、timely等。

(2)表原义(无“-ly”)和引申义(有“-ly”)的副词:close近,closely 仔细地; late晚,lately最近;deep深,表示空间深度,deeply

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时常表示感情上的深度,深深地;wide表示空间宽度,widely广泛地;free免费,freely 无限制地。

有无“-ly”意义大不相同的副词:dead完全,绝对;be dead asleep;deadly非常;be deadly tired。

pretty相当,be pretty certain that…,pretty good;prettily漂亮地,be prettily dressed;most 最,mostly主要地;绝大多数。

(3)注意某些分词转化而来的形容词。表示情感类的过去分词表示心理状态,而现在分词则表示性质,令人……

这类词常见的有: exciting令人激动的 excited感到激动的 delighting令人高兴的 delighted感到高兴的 disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的 encouraging令人鼓舞的 encouraged感到鼓舞的 pleasing令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快的 puzzling令人费解的 puzzled感到费解的 satisfying令人满意的

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satisfied感到满意的 surprising令人惊异的 surprised感到惊异的 worrying令人担心的 worried感到担心的

四、比较句型

1.原级句型:A与B 相同 / 不同:as…as…,the same as, such…as…,not as(so)…as… 【翻译句子】

(20)我几乎和你年龄一样大。

I am almost as old as you.【结论1】as…as 之间一定要用形容词或副词原形。“as…as”可用almost, quite, just, about, nearly, twice, by no means(根本)修饰,置于“as…as”之前。【翻译句子】

(21)约翰不像杰克那样聪明。John is not as / so clever as Jack.【结论2】so用以替代第一个as时,只能用于否定句。【完成例句】

(22)鲍伯和玛丽读了一样多的书。Bob has read as many books as Mary.(23)这瓶子里的水和那瓶子里的水一样多。

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There is as much water in this bottle as in that bottle.【结论3】as much+不可数名词+as,而as many+可数名词复数+as。

【完成例句】

(24)德语和英语一样也是一门难的语言。German is as difficult a language as English.(25)面包是和米饭一样重要的食物。Bread is as important food as rice.【结论4】as+adj.+不定冠词+可数名词单数+as;as+adj.+不可数名词+as。

2.比较级+than的句型 【完成例句】

(26)她唱得比别人好得多。

She sings far / much better than the others.【结论1】比较级前可用much, far, a lot, a little, a bit, rather, even, still, a great deal等表示程度,但比较级前不能再用more。【完成例句】

(27)他比班里其他同学学习刻苦。

He studies harder than any other student in his class.【结论2】表示不同程度比较时,句子主语不能包括在比较对象的范围之内。他本身也是学生,不能用any students来表示比较对象的范围。

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【完成例句】

(28)汤姆的自行车比吉姆的贵。

Tom's bike is more expensive than Jim's(=Jim's bike).(29)北京的天气比上海冷。(that指代天气)The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai.【结论3】比较的对象要一致,一般说来同等的两个事物才能比较。【翻译句子】(30)两人中他高一点。Heis the taller of the two.【结论4】比较级范围是由of 引出两者之间的比较,比较级前要用定冠词。【完成例句】

(31)父母之爱,是世间最伟大的爱。

There is no greater love than that given by parents in the world.【结论5】比较级用于否定句中表示最高级的意思。3.最高级句型(只用于三者或以上的比较)【完成例句】

(32)它们是世界上最大的动物。

They're the biggest animals in the world.【结论1】形容词最高级要加the。【完成例句】

(33)He is a brightest student.精心收集

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他是一个非常聪明的学生。

【结论2】如不表示比较,也没有表示比较范围的状语,最高级前用a 时,作“十分”、“非常”解。【翻译句子】

(34)他是班里第二高的男生。He is the second tallest boy in our class.【结论3】最高级可用by far, easily, nearly, by no means,序数词等修饰,置于最高级之前。

4.倍数表达法的句式 【例句观察】

(1)我们的新房子是旧房子的3倍大。

Our new house was three times as large as the old one.=Our new house was twice larger than the old one.=Our new house was three times the size of the old one.(2)2005年的汽车产量是2002年的产量的6倍。The output of cars in 2005 is 6 times that of 2002.=The output of cars in 2005 is 6 times what it was in 2002.【结论4】倍数表达法主要有以下5种:(1)…倍数+as+原级+as…(2)…倍数+比较级+than…

(3)…倍数+the size / length / weight / height of…(4)…倍数+that of…

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(5)…倍数+what…

【特别提醒】表示倍数的词始终在前面。

5.一些固定习惯用语与句型。

【句型1】 “the+比较级…,the+比较级…”结构,意为“越……,越……”。

The higher the temperature(is),the greater is the pressure(=the greater the pressure is).

温度越高,压力就越大。

【句型2】 “比较级+and+比较级”结构,意为“越来越……”,表示程度逐渐增长。

Our life is getting better and better.我们的生活越来越好。【句型3】常见的比喻结构有:

as free as a bird, as hungry as a wolf, as strong as a horse, as clever as a fox, as busy as a bee…

【句型4】 as long as 只要,有……之久; as far as 到……地点,就……而言;as high as 高达……程度; as well as 既……又; as good as 几乎

【句型5】

A is to B what C is to D.A和B 的关系就像C和D的关系。Air is to man what water is to fish.精心收集

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空气和人类的关系就像水和鱼的关系。【疑难1】

That little girl is more tired than hungry.那个小女孩是累了而不是饿了(与其说那小女孩饿了,还不如说她累了)。【疑难剖析】

1)more…than…是……而不是……,与其说是……不如说是…… 2)no more than = only 只不过(言其少)not more than= at most不多于,至少(指事实)no more…than…和……一样不…… not more…than…不比……更……

no less than = as much as和……一样多…… no fewer than = as many as和……一样多

【疑难2】

You can never be careful enough.= You can never be too careful.【疑难剖析2】can't be too+adj.= can't be +adj.+ enough 无论……都不为过

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第三篇:形容词和副词,介词,连词

中考复习四 形容词和副词

考试要求:

形容词和副词的中考要求是:形容词改为副词(根据句子的需要);形容词和副词的比较级和最高级;某些特殊变化的形容词和副词的比较级(little-less-least等);形容词的同级比较(as/ so...as...的用法);形容词比较级的叠加句型(如:The more you study,the better you will get)。

知识总结:

1.形容词的知识点:

形容词是用来形容和修饰名词的一类词。大多数形容词具有比较级,形容词的位置一般在其修饰的名词前面。形容词在句子中一般可以作定语、表语和宾语补足语等。

例如:

I want to buy a green sweater.我想买一件绿色的毛衣。(定语)

Our headmaster is ill again.我们的校长又生病了。(表语)

My dog’s death made me very sad.(宾语补足语)

形容词的种类一般有:

(1)简单的形容词有:good 好的,green 绿色的,long 长的,bright 明亮的(2)带有前缀a-的形容词:例如:afraid 害怕的,alike 相同的,asleep 睡觉的

(3)由动词的分词构成的形容词:interesting 有兴趣的,exciting 令人兴奋的;tired 疲劳的

spoiled 宠坏的。

(4)复合形容词:数词+名词+形容词,如:five-year-old 五岁的;

名词+现在分词,如:heart-breaking 令人伤心的;

形容词+现在分词,如:good-looking 英俊的。

2.副词的知识点:

副词经常用来作状语,修饰动词或者形容词,副词或整个句子,表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。

例如:

Your mother spoke to us politely.你妈妈非常有礼貌地给我们说话。

Luckily, we met our English teacher at the gate of the school.幸运的是,我们在校门口遇到了我们英语老师。

副词还可以作表语、宾语补足语和定语等,副词作定语常需放在所修饰词的后面。例如:

Life here is busy and interesting.这里的生活繁忙而有趣。

3.形容词和副词的比较等级:

形容词和副词一般有三个等级,即原级、比较级和最高级。一般来说,表示两者同等或不同等程度时用原级,通常用“as + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as...”或“not as(so)+ 形容词/ 副词原级 + as...”的结构。

例如:

My brother is as tall as I.我弟弟和我一样高。

I will run as fast as I can.我尽可能跑(和我能跑的速度一样快)。

The weather in Beijing is not so hot as that in Wuhan.北京没有武汉热。

表示两者的比较时用比较级,通常用“形容词/ 副词比较级+than”的结构。

例如:

I am much better than I was yesterday.我比昨天好多了。

Math is less interesting than English.数学不如英语有兴趣。

表示一定范围内两者以上的比较时,用最高级,通常用“the + 形容词/ 副词最高级(+名词)+ of(in)...”的结构,只是副词最高级前可省去定冠词the。

例如:

This is the busiest day of the week.这是我本周最繁忙的一天。

My sister sings best in my family.我妹妹是我们家唱歌最好的。

4.形容词和副词的比较级变化规则:

规则变化:

(1)单音节词直接在其后面加-er/-est。例如:tall-taller-tallest hard-harder-hardest(2)以字母e结尾的单音节词在其后面直接加-r/-st。例如:brave-braver-bravest。(3)以一个辅音字母结尾闭音节单音节词,双写这个辅音字母再加-er/-est。

例如:big-bigger-biggest;hot-hotter-hottest。

(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,先把y改为i,再加-er/-est。

例如:happy-happier-happiest。

(5)其他双音节词和多音节的词,在前面加more和most。例如:

interesting-more interesting-most interesting;

carefully-more carefully-most carefully 不规则变化:

good/well-better-best bad/ill-worse-worst

many/much-more-most little-less-least

far-farther-farthest

badly-worse-worst

5.形容词和副词的比较级的其他用法:

(1)在同级比较的结构as/ so+原级+as...的前面可用just,almost,nearly和half等表示程度。

例如:He doesn’t study half so hard as you.他学习努力的程度不如你的一半。

(2)两者相比表示倍数的时候用twice(...times)as+原级+as结构。

例如:His mistakes are twice as many as yours in the homework.他家庭作业的错误是你的二倍。

(3)比较级前面可以用many,much,far,a little,a bit,a lot等词修饰表示程度。

例如:The sun is much bigger than the earth.太阳比地球大多了。

We will come back a little later.我们会稍迟一点回来。

(4)比较级的前面可以用any和no来修饰。

例如:We were too tired to walk any farther.我们太疲劳了不能再走很远了。

He was no longer a child.他不再是一个小孩子。

(5)两个形容词和副词的比较级可以叠加表示“越来越”的意思。

其结构可以是:比较级+and+比较级,而多音节词可以用more and more+比较级结构。

例如:The days are getting longer and longer.天正变得越来越长了。

Your sister becomes more and more beautiful.你的妹妹变得越来越漂亮了。

(6)如果表示“越„„,就越„„”可以用“the+比较级„„,the+比较级„„”的结构。

例如:The harder you works, the more you will get.你越努力学习,你得到的就越多。

(7)当比较的双方属于同一范围内时候,用other或者else排除自己,因为自己不能和自己比较。

例如:Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.上海比中国其他的城市大。

如果比较的双方不属于同一范围内时候,则不存在和自己比较的情况,所以可以不用other或者

else。

例如:Shanghai is bigger than any city in Heilongjiang.上海比黑龙江的任何城市都大。

易错点点拨:

1.比较级的形式误用。

(1)Your room is more and more dirty.You had better clean it.〔解析〕本句子是考查形容词的比较级叠加的用法。形容词dirty是以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,它的比较级的叠加不能用more and more+形容词,应该用dirtier and dirtier,所以把more and more dirty改为dirtier and dirtier。

(2)Our school is becoming more beautiful and more beautiful.〔解析〕本句子是考查形容词的比较级叠加的用法。形容词beautiful是多音节的形容词, 所以它的比较级的叠加用more and more+形容词的结构。所以去掉第一个beautiful。

2.比较级的修饰词用法混淆。

My English is very better than yours.〔解析〕本句子是考查形容词比较级前的修饰词的用法。形容词的比较级前面可以用many,much,far,a little,a bit,a lot等词修饰表示程度。但不能用very,所以把very改为much。

3.形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法相混淆。

I think the car is fastest of all the three.〔解析〕本句子是考查形容词的最高级的用法,形容词的最高级前面用定冠词the,副词的最高级前可以不用定冠词the。所以fastest前加the。

4.比较的对象不一致。

The weather in Beijing is worse than Shanghai.〔解析〕本句子是考查形容词的比较级用法,两者相比的对象必须一致,北京的天气必须和上海的天气相比。所以把Shanghai改为that in Shanghai,用that代替上文提到的weather,以避免重复。

5.形容词和副词用法混淆。

My English teacher always talks friendly with us.我们英语老师总是友好地和我们交谈。

〔解析〕本句子是考查副词修饰动词的用法,但是friendly是形容词。应把friendly改为in a friendly way。

中考复习三

介词和连词

介词

考查要求:

主要体现在单项选择和完形填空中,涉及的题目多,考查的范围广,主要考查介词的基 本意义,意义相近的介词辨析、固定搭配等。

知识总结:

1.介词的概念

介词是一种虚词,一般用在名词、代词等的前面,用来表示其后面的名词或者相当于名词的词或短语和其他句子成分的关系,在句子中不能单独作句子成分,需和它后面的词共同充当句子成分。介词后面的名词或者相当于名词的词或短语叫介词宾语。可以作介词宾语的词通常有:

1)名词、代词或从句。

He lives near the school.他居住在学校附近。

Our teacher was very angry with him.我们的老师非常生他的气。

2)动名词。

They have a good idea for solving this problem.他们有一个解决这个问题的好方法。

3)动词不定式(仅限于介词but,except)。

I want nothing except to sleep.除了睡觉,我什么也不想做。

2.介词的种类

1)根据结构分类

简单介词:即由一个词构成的单一介词。例如:for,at,in,on,of,to等。

复合介词:即由两个词组合在一起的介词,也称合成介词。例如:

without inside outside into within

短语介词:即由短语构成的介词。例如:because of,according to,thanks to等。

2)根据意义分类

表示地点的介词:at,behind,beside,around,near,on,by,in front of,across等。

表示时间的介词:about,at,after,before,by,during,in,over,past,since,until等。

表示原因的介词:for,with,from等。

表示手段和方式的介词:by,in,with等。

表示“除去”的介词:but,except,besides等。

表示其他含义的介词:about(关于,大约), on(关于), without(没有), off(从„„离开),instead of(代替), with(和)等。

3.介词短语的功能

介词和介词宾语一起构成介词短语。介词短语可以在句子中作下列成分: 1)作表语:

She looks like an actress.她看上去像演员。

What’s the book about? 这本书是讲什么的? 2)作宾语补足语:

A cold kept him in bed for a week.感冒使他卧床一周。

I found my mother on the bus.我发现我妈妈在公交车上。

3)作状语:

I will wait for you until tomorrow.我等你到明天。

The teacher came into the classroom with a smile on her face.那位老师面带笑容进了教室。4)作定语:

A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。

4.中考经常考查的几组介词的用法

1)时间介词at/ in/ on:

表示具体的时间点(几点钟)和在周末前面用介词at。

I usually get up at six in the morning.我通常在早上六点起床。

I wasn’t here at that time.那时我没在这里。

注意:

at dinner time 在(吃)晚饭时 at night 在夜间 at weekends / the weekend 在周末

表示在特定的日子、某月某日、星期几、节日等时间的前面,或者某一天的早上、下午、晚上的前面用介词on。

We can play football on Sunday.我们可以在星期天踢足球。

They came to my house on a cold winter morning.他们在一个寒冷的早晨来到了我家。表示较长的一段时间段的名词或短语前经常用in,如在早上、下午、晚上;在某月某年等。

I was born in May.我出生在五月。

They came here in 1998.他们在1998年来这里的。

What are you going to do in the winter holiday? 寒假你打算做什么?

注意:

表示上午、下午或晚上的名词前一般用介词in,但是具体到某一天的上午、下午或晚上用介词on。in the morning 在上午 on Monday morning 在星期一的上午

2)时间介词for,since

for 和since引导时间状语都有延续之意。for +时间段表示“(延续).......之久”。since +时间点表示从过去某时延续到现在的一段时间。

They have lived in China for ten years.他们在北京住了十年了。

She has worked here since last year.从去年起她就在这里工作。

3)时间介词in,after

in+时间段表示从现在算起一段时间以后,一般用于将来时;after+时间段表示从过去算起一段时间后,一般用于过去时。另外after后也可以接具体时间用于将来时。

He’ll be back in three hours.他三小时后回来。

He came back after three hours.三小时后,他回来了。

He’ll be back after 3 o’clock.他三点后会回来。

4)方位介词at,in,on,to

表示在某一点的位置或者具体的位置用at。

We will have a picnic at the foot of mountain.我们在山脚下举行野餐。

表示在某一个范围之内的方位用介词in。

Shandong lies in the east of China.山东省在中国的东部。(山东省在中国范围之内)

表示在某一个范围之外的方位用介词to。

Japan lies to the east of China.日本在中国的东部。(日本在中国范围之外)

表示两者相互接触,强调在同一条线或者同一个平面上用介词on。

Shandong lies on the north of Jiangsu.山东省在江苏省的北部。(两省接壤)

5)地点介词in/on / under/ above / over/ below

表示一个物体在另一个物体的上面用介词on。

There is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书。(书在课桌表面上)

表示一个物体在另一个物体的里面用介词in。

There are some dumplings in the bowl.碗里有一些水饺。(水饺在碗里面)

表示一个物体在另一个物体的下方(一般为正下方)用介词under。

There is a ball under the chair.椅子下面有一个球。(球在椅子的下面)

below意思是“在„„之下”,所指范围较宽,不一定在某物的正下方。

From the plane, we could see the whole town below us.从飞机上我们可以看到下面城镇的全貌。

表示一个物体在另一个物体的上方,并非由“垂直之上”的含义,用介词above, 其反义词为below。

His room is above ours.他的房间在我们的上面。

表示一个物体在另一个物体的正上方用介词over,有时有“覆盖;越过”之意。

His room is over ours.他的房间就是我们头上的那间。

There is a big bridge over the river.河上有一座大桥。(桥在河的上面)

6)方位介词between,among

between是表示在两者之间;among表示在三者或者三者以上之间。

It’s a secret between you and I.这是我和你之间的秘密。

There is a village among the trees.在树林里面有一个小村庄。

7)表示工具、手段、材料的in,by,with

in可以和表示某种语言的名词连用表示“用某种语言”。

Can you answer my question in English?你能用英语回答我的问题吗?

in也可以表示用某种工具或者材料的意思。

Don’t write in pencil.Please write in ink.不要用铅笔写,请用钢笔写。

by指使用的方法和手段,by和表示交通工具的名词连用时,中间不用冠词。

My father often goes to work by bus.我爸爸经常乘坐公共汽车去上班。

He made a living by selling newspapers.他靠卖报为生。

with表示“借助于某种具体的工具或身体部位”。例如:

We write with our hands.我们用手写字。

I cut the cake with a knife.我用刀子切开了蛋糕。

8)方位介词across,through,past

表示从某一个物体的表面横过、穿过用介词across。

They swam across the river.他们游过了河。

从某一个物体的里面或者一定范围内穿过、横过用介词through。

The boys go through the forest quickly.这些男孩子快速地穿过树林。

从旁边经过用past。

They drove past a big supermarket.他们开车经过一家大超市。

9)except,besides

except表示“除„„之外(其他的都)”其后的宾语是被排除在整体之外的。besides表示“除„„之外(其他的也)”,其后的宾语是被包括在整体之内的。

All the students took part in the sports meeting except Tom.除了汤姆以外,其他的同学都参加了运动会。(汤姆没有参加)

We need three more boys besides Tom.除了汤姆以外,我们还需要三个男同学。(我们也需要汤姆)

易错点点拨:

介词容易出错的地方在于上述一些介词的用法的混淆及在一些固定搭配中的误用。

1)I usually play football with my friends in Sunday afternoon.〔解析〕本题是考查介词的用法,表示在早上、下午、晚上用介词in,但表示在具体的某一天的早上、下午、晚上用介词on。所以把in改为on。

2)Guang Dong is in the south of Beijing.〔解析〕表示方位的介词用in/on/to,在范围之内用in,而广东不在北京的范围之内,所以把in改为to。

3)I was born at July 1st, 1997.〔解析〕表示在某日或者某日的早上、下午、晚上用介词on,本句子的1997年7月1日是表示具体的一天,所以用介词on。需把at改为on。

4)—How do you go to work?—I often go to work by my father’s car.〔解析〕表示乘坐某种交通工具,用介词by+表示交通工具的名词,中间不用冠词,但是如果这个名词前有其他的修饰词,则不能用by。此题应该把by改为in。

5)We are asked to explain the work with English.〔解析〕表示使用某种语言用介词in,从本句子的意思理解是用介词in 和English连用表示“使用英语解释”的意思。因此把with改成in。

6)They have learned a lot of subjects except English and Chinese.〔解析〕表示除了之外可以用两个介词except和besides,except是不包括的意思,从整体中排除except的后面的人或者物体;beside表示除了之外是包括的意思,表示在原来的基础上再加上besides后面的人或者物体。所以此题中把except改为besides。

7)It is very clever for your brother to do the work like this.〔解析〕在句型It is+形容词+of/for +somebody +to do something中,用of还是用for取决于形容词,如果形容词是描述人物性格特征,后面的人与形容词有主语和表语的关系,用介词of;如果形容词不是描述人物性格特征,后面的人与形容词没有主语和表语的关系,用介词for。所以把for改为of。再如:

It’s important for you to come on time.8)At the end, we came to the top of the mountain.〔解析〕此题考查介词的固定搭配。at the end of „表示在„„末,此句中应该用in the end表示“最后”,所以应该把at改成in。

连词

考查要求:

通过连词来考查对句子的整体理解是近几年高考的热点,如两个分句的逻辑关系、结合连词考查的状语从句、连词的具体意义等。经常考查的重点连词有and,but,or,while,however及引导从句的连词if和whether;before和after等。

知识总结:

1.连词的概念

连词是连接单词、短语、从句或者句子的一种虚词,在句子中不能单独作句子的成分,一般不重读。连词基本可以分为: 1)简单连词:

如:or,and,but,if,because

2)关联连词:

如:both,and,not only„but also„

3)短语连词:

如:as if,as long as,in order to,so that

2.连词的用法

A.并列连词

1)表示平行或者对等关系,常用的有and,so,not only„but also„(不仅„„而且„„),both„and„(两者都„„),neither„nor„(既不„„也不„...)等。

Not only does he love the teachers, but also the teachers love him.他爱老师,老师也爱他。

2)表示转折关系,常用的有but,yet(然而),while(然而)等。

I am poor,but I am very happy.我很贫穷,但是我很愉快。

3)表示选择关系,常用的有or,either„or„(或者„„或者„„),not „but „(不 是„„而是„„)等。:

You may go with us,or you may stay at home.你或者和我们一起去,或者呆在家里。

4)表示因果关系,常用的有:for(因为),so(因此)等,此时for不能放在句首。

He must sleep, for his room is dark.他一定睡了,因为房间是暗的。

B.从属连词

1)引导时间状语从句,常用的有:before,after,when,while,until,since,as soon as等。

I will come to tell you as soon as it comes out.结果一出来我就来告诉你。

2)引导原因状语从句,常用的有:because(因为),as(因为),since(既然)

Because it was too late, we took a taxi.因为天晚了,我们打了一辆出租车。

3)引导结果状语从句,常用的有:so„ that(如此„„以致于),such„that(如此„„以致于),so that(结果„„)等。

She was so careless that she forgot to write her name on the paper.她那么粗心,都忘记在卷子上写名字。

4)引导条件状语从句,常用的有:if,unless(除非),as long as(只要)等。

We will come here if it is fine tomorrow.如果明天天气好的话我们就来这里。

5)引导让步状语从句,常用的有:though,although,even if(即使),however(无论怎样)等。

We were still working though it was very late.尽管很晚了我们仍然在工作。

6)引导比较状语从句,常用的有:as,than,so/ as„as,more than。

This book is more interesting than that one.这本书比那本更有兴趣。

7)引导地点状语从句,常用的有:where,wherever等。

Please stay where you are.请呆在你现在的地方。

8)引导名词性从句(如宾语从句),常用的有:that,if,whether,who,whom,what,which,whose,when,where,why,how。

Can you tell me when they got there? 你能告诉我他们是什么时候到那里的吗?

I think that he’ll be back soon.我认为他们不久就会回来。

3.连词使用时的几个注意事项:

1)not only„ but also„, neither„ nor „, either „ or„, not „ but„接主语时,谓语动词按就近原则处理。

Not only you but also he has to leave.不只是你,他也得离开。

Either you or I am wrong.不是你错,就是我错。

Not money but workers are what we need.我们需要的不是钱,而是工人。

2)祈使句,+and/ or +简单句,前面的祈使句表示条件,后面的简单句表示结果,or意思为“否则”。

Hurry up, and we’ll catch the bus.快点,我们就能赶上车。

Hurry up, or we’ll be late.快点,否则我们会晚的。

3)英语中连词because和so一般不能同时在一个句子使用,同样连词although和but也不能同时在一个句子中用。这一点和汉语完全不同。

Though he is young, he can help his mother a lot.虽然他很小,但是能给他妈妈帮很多忙。(无but)

It was too hot in the room, so he took off his coat.因为房间里很热,所以他脱掉了外套。(无because)

易错点点拨:

1.Because he was ill, so my father didn’t come to my party.〔解析〕从句子的意思理解上下句是因果关系,英语中因为“because”和所以“so”一般不连用,所以去掉so。

2.Both you and he has to go there on foot.〔解析〕表示并列关系的连词both„and连接主语时,谓语动词应该用复数,所以把has改为have。

3.I am ill, and I still go to school.〔解析〕从前后两个句子的意思理解是转折关系,所以用连词but表示转折。表示“尽管我病了,我仍然去上学”。所以把and改为but。

4.—Which do you like better, tea and coffee? —I like tea better than coffee.〔解析〕从问句的前半句Which do you like better可以判断后面用连词or表示选择关系。所以把and改为or。

5.My brother likes swimming better to studying.〔解析〕从句子的意思理解是用连词than引导表示比较的状语从句。所以把to改为than。但是prefer„ to„,是固定搭配,表示“和„„相比,更喜欢„„”。

6.We want to know as your father will come to our party tomorrow.〔解析〕从句子的意思理解可以看出“We want to know”后面是宾语从句,而as不能引导宾语从句,应该用连词if/whether表示“是否”或when表示“什么时候”来引导的宾语从句。所以把as改为if/whether/when。

第四篇:形容词和副词 比较级 最高级 教案

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法:

当两种物体之间相互比较时,我们要用形容词或副词的比较级;

当相互比较的物体是三个或三个以上时,我们就要用形容词或副词的最高级。

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变化规律: 1.单音节形容词或副词后面直接加-er或-est tall—taller—tallest fast—faster—fastest 2.以-e结尾的单音节形容词或副词直接加-r或-st large—larger—largest nice—nicer—nicest 3.以-y结尾的形容词或副词,改-y为-i再加-er或-est busy—busier—busiest early—earlier—earliest 4.形容词或副词是重读闭音节时,双写最后的辅音字母,再加-er或-est hot—hotter—hottest big—bigger—biggest 5.多音节形容词或副词前面直接加more或most delicious—more delicious—most delicious beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful 6.不规则变化

good(well)—better—best bad(badly)—worse—worst

常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级: bad worse worst far farther(further)farthest(只指距离)(furthest)(用处较广)good better best little less least many/much more most old elder(older)eldest(仅指人)(oldest)(指人和物)形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示“较不”和“最不” important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要

farther/farthest和further/furthest这些形式都可以指距离。further同样可以指“另外的/更多的”,主要和抽象名词一起用:

Further education will be meaningful.很快会得到更多的供应。

Further discussion would be pointless.继续讨论/辩论是无意义的。I am too tired to go farther.elder,eldest;older,oldest elder和eldest主要表示的是长幼顺序而非年龄大小。主要用于表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系,如my elder brother(我的兄长/哥哥),her eldest boy/girl(她的长子/长女)。但在than前不能用elder,只能用older: He is older than I am.他比我年龄大。

A、形容词的原级可与as„as连用表示“和„„同样„„”,与not as/so„as连用表不“不如„„那样„„”:

A boy of sixteen is often as tall as his father.一个16岁的男孩常长得和他父亲一样高。He was as white as a sheet.他面色苍白如纸。

Your coffee is not as/so good as my mother’s.你煮的咖啡不如我母亲煮的好。

几个关于as...as的常见句型:

(1)as...as possible 尽

可能

Please answer my question as soon as possible.请尽快回答我的问题。

(2)as...as usual/before 像往常一样 像以前一样

She looks as pretty as before.她看起来和以前一样漂亮。

(3)长达as long as...(引导条件状语从句)只要

It took us as long as three years to carry out the plan.我们花了长达三年的时间才完成这项计划。

(4)as far as 远至

He walked as far as the railway station yesterday evening.昨天傍晚,他一直散步到火车站。

(5)as well as

She cooks as well as her mother does.她烧菜烧得跟她母亲一样好。

一些带有as...as结构的常见短语归纳:

as busy as a bee像蜜蜂一样忙碌

as easy as ABC像ABC一样容易

as deep as a well像井一样深

as light as a feather像羽毛一样轻

as soft as butter像黄油一样软

as rich as a Jew像犹太人一样富裕

形容词比较级的用法: 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。Our teacher is than we are.我们老师的个子比我们的高。

It is today than it was yesterday.今天的天气比昨天暖和。

This picture is than that one.这张照片比那张照片漂亮。

This meeting is than that one.这次会议不如那次会议重要。The sun is than the moon.太阳比月亮大得多。

形容词最高级的用法: 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。

She is student her class.她是班上最好的学生。

Shanghai is one of cities China.上海是中国最大城市之一 This is apple I have ever met.这是我见到的最大的苹果。

Tom is boy in his basketball team.汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。

2.“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越„„”

如:It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。

It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。

The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大。

Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。

3.在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式。

如:Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高,Tim还是Tom?

4.“the +比较级„„, the+比较级”,表示“越„„越„„”。

The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多,花得越多。

The harder you work,the more you get.The sooner,the better.越快越好。

5.如果在两者之间表示“最„„”时要在比较级前加the,而且还用of the two, of the pair短语:

John is the cleverer of the two boys.Of the two boys, John is the cleverer

6.表示倍数的比较级用法:

① A is „times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如:Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)

③.A is „times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如:Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。

7.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较,表示“最„„”的意思。

句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如:of the three, in our class等等。

如:He is the tallest in our class.他在我们班里是最高的。

8.比较级与最高级的转换:

Mike is the most intelligent in his class.Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class 9.修饰比较级

①.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even等。very quite

注意事项:比较等级应注意避免和包括自己的对象比。比较级+than+

any other + 单数名词 all the other + 复数名词 anyone else any of the other + 复数名词

要避免重复使用比较级。

(错)He is more cleverer than his brother.(对)He is more clever than his brother.(对)He is cleverer than his brother.9.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。

(错)China is larger than any country in Asia.(对)China is larger than any other country in Asia.10.要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。

The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.He likes playing chess more than watching TV.与看电视相比,他更喜欢下棋

It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.1.Summer is _______(hot)season of the year.2.Shanghai is one of _______(big)cities in the world.3.The Huanghe River isn’t so _______(long)as the Changjiang River.4.Who is _______(tall), the girl or the boy? 5.I think English is _______(interesting)than math.6.The more, the _______(good).7.The people’s life in Southern Africa is getting _______ and _______(bad).8.Things are much _______(light)on the moon than on the earth.9.He is _______(old)of the two brothers.10.The car driver is very _______(careful)when he is driving.1.Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______(clever).2.Gold(黄金)is ______(little)useful than iron(铁).3.My sister is two years _______(old)than I.4.John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _____(young)child.5.The _____(cheap)bags are the not usually the best ones.6.The short one is by far _______ expensive of the five.7.The boy is not so ______(interesting)as his brother.8.Dick sings _____(well), she sings ______(well)than John, but Mary sings______(well)in her class.9.She will be much ______(happy)in her mew house.10.This dress is ______ that.(twice, as„as„, expensive)

1.Bob never does his homework_____ Mary.He makes lots of mistakes.A.so careful as B.as carefully as C.carefully as D.as careful as 2.___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.A.The best;the more B.The more;the less C.The more;less D.More;the more 3.I like___ one of the two books.A.the older B.oldest C.the oldest D.older 4.China has a large population than __ in the world.A.all the countries B.every country C.any country D.any other country 5.Which is___country, China or Japan? A.the large B.the larger C.larger D.largest 6.The sick boy is getting __ day by day.A.worse B.bad C.badly C.worst 7.This necklace looks __ and sells.A.well, well B.good, nice C.nice, good D.nice, well 8.Of the two cups, he bought.A.the smaller B.the smallest C.small D: smaller 9.Usually Xiao Li spends __ time doing homework than XiaoChen does.A.little B less C.few D.fewer 10.A horse is __ than a dog.A.much heavy B.more heavier C.much heavier D.more heavy 11.Which is __ season in Beijing? I think it’s spring.A.good B.well C.best D.the best 12.What animal do like ___? I like all kinds of animals.A.better B.best C.very D.well 13.Hainan is a very large island.It’s the second island in China.A.large B.larger C.largest D.most large 14.The jacket was so___ that he decided to buy it.A.much B.little C.expensive D.cheap 15.Our classroom is____ larger than theirs.A.more B.quite C.very D.much 16.These children are ____ this year than they were last year.A.more tall B.more taller C.very taller D.much taller 17.My mother is no ___ young.A.shorter B.longer C.little D.few 18.Your room is ___ than mine.A.three time big B.three times big C.three times bigger D.bigger three times 19.His father is____than his mother.;A.older four years B.as four years older C.four years older D.bigger four years 20.Maths is more popular than____.A.any other subject B.all the subjects C.any subject D.other subject 21.China is larger than ____ in Africa.A.any other country B.other countries C.the other country D.any country 22.I think science is _ than Japanese.A.much important B.important C.much more important D.more much important 23.When spring comes, it gets____.A.warm and warm B.colder and colder C.warmer and warmer D.shorter and shorter 24.I think the story is not so ___ as that one.A.interesting B.interested C.more interesting D.most interesting 25.At last he began to cry ___.A.hard and hard B.more hard and more hard C.harder and harder D.less hard and less harder 26.When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____.A.short;long B.long;short C.longer;shorter D.shorter;longer 27.___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.A.The best;the more B.The more;the less C.The more;less D.More;the more 28.___ he read the book, ____ he got in it.A.The more;the more interesting B.The less;the more interesting C.The more;the more interested D.More;more interested 30.When we speak to people, we should be.A.as polite as possible B.as polite as possibly C.as politely as possible D.as politely as possibly 31.This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.A.as difficult as;expensive B.as more difficult as;more expensive C.as difficult as;more expensive D.more difficult as;as expensive()32.Who jumped____of all? A.far B.farther C.farthest D.the most far()33.Li Lei is___ student in our class.A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.the tallest()34.The fifth orange is____ of all.Give it to that small child.A.big B.bigger C.the bigger D.the biggest()35.Who is---of you three? A.the oldest B.much older C.oldest D.older()36.Tom is one of ____ boys in our class.A.tallest B.taller C.the tallest B.the tall()37.English is one of____ spoken in the world.A.the important languages B.the most important languages C.most important language D.the most important language()38.Beijing is one of____ in China.A.the largest city B.the large cities C.the larger cities D.the largest cities()

39、We are very ________ at the ________ message.A、surprising, surpried

B、surprised, surprising

C、surprise, surprised

()40、After the _______ job, we felt very ________.A、tiring, tired

B、tired, tiring

C、tire, tiring

D、tired, tired

第五篇:形容词、副词的比较级和最高级

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级专项

绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。

一、形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。例如: tall good bad

二、比较级的定义:大多数的形容词都有三个级别:原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更……”,用于两者之间的比较,用来说明“前者比后者更……”,比较级前面一般用much, even, a little,a lot修饰,其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。

三、比较级和最高级的构成:

(1)规则变化:①一般在词尾加-er,最高级在词尾加-est e.g: high—higher—highest tall--taller--tallest short--shorter--shorter ②以字母e结尾的比较级直接在词尾加-r,最高级加-st.e.g: nice--nicer-nicest fine--finer-finest late—later--latest ③以“辅音+y 结尾的词,变y为 i,比较级加-er”,最高级加-est.e.g: early—earlier-earliest happy—happier-happiest busy—busier-busiest ④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词,双写辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est e.g: big—bigger-biggest fat-fatter-fattest thin—thinner-thinnest hot—hotter-hottest ⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词,比较级在原级前面加more,最高级在原级前加most

e.g: popular--more popular—most popular

important--more important—most important(2)不规则变化:少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的:good/well—better--best bad/badly—worse--worst many/much—more--most little—less--least far--farther/further—farthest/furthest

比较级的用法:(一)当两个人或事物(A和B)进行比较时,我们需要用到形容词(副词)的原级或者比较级 1. 表达“A和B一样”,用as…as的结构。公式: A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B

A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as…+B

e.g I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。He runs as fast as I.他跑得和我一样快。2.表达“A不如B”用not as/so…as的结构。

公式: A+be动词的否定形式+as/so+形容词原级+as…+B

A+助词的否定形式+动词+as/so+形容词原级+as…+B

e.g I am not as/so tall as you.我没有你高。He doesn’t run as/so fast as I.他没有我跑得快。

▲as…as 前还可以加倍数,如:The room is two times as large as that one.3. 表达“A大于B”用“比较级+than”的结构。公式: A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B… A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B…

e.g I am taller than you.我比你高。He runs faster than I.他跑得比我快。(二)关于形容词、副词比较级的更多用法

1.比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语,意思是“更…”,“…得…”。(4)比较级前可用much/a lot //far/ a little /a bit/even 等修饰.如:

This book is much more interesting than that one.The blouse I bought

yesterday is a little less expensive.To play basketball is far more enjoyable to the boy.(1)两者相比: Which is+比较级,A or B? 如: Which is bigger, the sun or the moon?

(3)有"of the two”, 用the+比较级.如: Lucy is the more careful of the two.(5)比较级+and+比较级,表“越来越……” It becomes warmer and warmer.(6)“ the+比较级,the+比较级”,表“越……,越……” The higher you stand, the farther you will see.3.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。

It is getting warmer and warmer.天气越来越暖和。He is running faster and faster.他跑得越来越快。

0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们祖国越来越美了。4.“the more…,the more…”表示“越……,就越……”,The more,the better.多多益善。The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心,犯错就越少。

当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时,我们需要用到形容词(副词)的最高级

1.表达“…是…中最…的”,用“the+形容词(副词)的最高级”的结构。后面可以加上of/in等表示范围的介词短语或从句。

公式:主语+be动词+the +形容词最高级+(名词)+表示范围的介词短语或从句 主语+实义动词+(the)+形容词最高级+表示范围的介词短语或从句

e.g He is the tallest(student)in our class.He jumps the highest of the three boys.This is the best book that I have ever read.1)三者或三者以上相比较用“the+最高级+名词+范围(of/all+---

This is the cleanest place of the city.Hu Yun is the fastest of all the girls in our class.2.表示“最…的…中一个”,用“one of +the +最高级+复数名词”的结构来表达。e.g He is one of the best students in our class.他是我们班最好的学生之一。This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.这是花园里最漂亮的花之。

2)表示“最……之一”,用“one of the+

The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest buildings in the world.中国的长城是世界上最伟大的建筑之一。

This is one of the most interesting books that I've ever read.这是我读过的最有趣的书之一。

注意:形容词的最高级前面必须加定冠词the,但当形容词最高级前面有物主代词修饰时,则不加the。副词前面的the

(正)This is my best friend.(误)This is my the(the my)best friend.(正)Today is the happiest day of my life.(误)Today is happiest day of my life.题练习

一.基础练习1.If I had___, I would visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting places.A.a long enough holiday

B.an enough long holidayC.a holiday enough long

D.a long holiday enough 2.These oranges taste___.A.good

B.well

C.to be good

D.to be well

3.How beautifully she sings!I have never heard___.A.the better voice

B.a good voice

C.the best voice

D.a better voice 4.I would be___, if you could give me an early reply.A.pleasant

B.grateful

C.satisfied

D.helpful 5.Those T-shirts are usually $35 each, but today they have a(an)___price of $19 in the shopping center.A.regular

B.special

C.cheap

D.ordinary 6.Mr Smith bought a___purse for his wife.A.small black leather

B.black leather small

C.small leather black

D.black small leather 7.—— How was your job interview?—— Oh, I couldn’t feel___.I hardly found proper answers to most of the questions they asked.A.better

B.easier

C.worse

D.happier 8.Longjing tea, Jasmine tea and Wuyi tea are all famous,but which do you think__?A.tastes best

B.smells most

C.sounds best

D.drinks mostly 9.—— Can Li Hua help me with my English?—— I regret to tell you her English is_____yours.A.as good as

B.no more than

C.no better than

D.as much as 10.Although he sometimes loses his temper, his students like him_____for it.A.not so much

B.not so little

C.no more

D.no less 11.When they came in, Mr Harris______like a baby.Nobody would like to wake him from a good dream,because he needed rest.A.fell asleep

B.was sound asleep

C.got asleep

D.went to sleep 12.This year they have produced___ grain ___they did last year.A.as less; as

B.as few; as

C.less; than

D.fewer; than 13.—— Can I help you? —— Well, I’m afraid the box is___heavy for you,but thank you all the same.A.so

B.much

C.very

D.too 14.—— How did you find your visit to the museum? —— I thoroughly enjoy it.It was_____than I expected.A.far more interesting

B.even much interesting

C.so far interesting

D.a lot much interesting 15.—— Would you like some wine?—— Yes, just_____.A.little

B.very little

C.a little

D.little bit 16.It takes a long time to go there by train; it’s ____by road.A.quick

B.the quickest

C.much quick

D.quicker 17.If there were no examinations, we should have___at school.A.the happiest time

B.a more happier time

C.much happiest time

D.a much happier time 18.I’m surprised that you should have been fooled by such a(an)_____trick.A.ordinary

B.easy

C.smart

D.simple 19.The salesman showed her several bags and she chose___one as she didn’t want to spend too much money on it.A.the less expensive

B.less expensive

C.the least expensive

D.least expensive 20._____box cannot be lifted by a boy of five.A.So a heavy

B.So heavy a

C.A such heavy

D.Such heavy a 二.提高练习

1.To plant the tree, we must dig _____.A.a three feet deep hole B.three-foot-deep a hole C.a hole three feet deep D.a three-feet-deep hole 2.I think he is one of the best men you've ____ found.A.never

B.already

C.ever

D.once 3.____ the boy’s grown!He is almost ___ his father.A.What, as tall as

B.What, taller than

C.How, as tall as

D.How, taller than 4.I haven’t got ____ nails to mend the cupboard.I need another three of them.A.enough big

B.big enough

C.much bigger

D.many enough 5.Henry knows little of physics _________ of chemistry.A.as well as

B.no less than

C.and still more

D.and still less 6.— The dish is delicious!— Well, at least it's ___ the one I cooked yesterday.A.as bad as B.no worse than C.as well as D.no better than 7.— Do you think the weather is good enough for a picnic? — Yes.You couldn't hope for ____ at this time of the year.A.a nice day

B.the nice day

C.a nicer day

D.the nicest day 8.It makes Thomas no better, and it makes you ____A.best

B.good

C.well

D.worse 9.With the help of the new equipment, our factories produced ___ VCD players in 2000 as the year before.A.as many as twice

B.twice more than

C.as twice many

D.twice as many 10.I had invited 50 guests to the party, but actually twice ____ came.A.more than

B.as many

C.as much

D.less than 11.— Why didn't you go to the cinema last night?

— It was something ____ interesting.A.far less

B.more or less

C.much more

D.any further 12.The population of many Alaskan cities has _____ doubled in the past five years.A.larger than

B.more than

C.as greatly as

D.as much as 13.— This is a good place for a picnic.— Yes, it couldn't be ____.A.better

B.best

C.worst

D.worse 14.— How do you like your teacher of English?

— Well, no one teaches _____ here.A.well

B.poorly

C.best

D.better 15.In the poor parts of America's big cities there is a lot of crime, _____.A.and much of it is serious

B.much of it is seriousC.and many more is serious

D.more of it is serious 16.— Do you like cats?— Of course.They are ____ a kind of pet.They can do much good for their masters.A.better than

B.more than

C.no more than

D.no better than 17.The newly-built theatre is ____ the old one.A.as twice big as B.twice more bigger than

C.twice the size of

D.twice so big as 18.I'm afraid that your conclusion is ____ from correct.A.far B.free C.different D.short 19.Thank you very much.It's ____ of you.A.kindest B.a most kind C.the most kind D.most kind 20.Whoever is never _____ with the progress he has made will be a success.A.content

B.proud

C.praised

D.enough 参考答案

一.1.A2.A 3.D4.B5.B6.A7.C8.A9.C10.D11.B12.C13.D14.A

15.C。用a little表示“少许”。16.D。题意为“乘火车去那儿要花很长时间;乘汽车更快些。”

17.D。题意为“假如没有考试的话,我们在学校就会更快乐。”暗含比较的意味,故选D。

18.D。题意为“你竟然被这么一个简单的花招所骗,真令我吃惊。”trick“计谋,花招,诡计”。

19.C。题意为“因为她不想花太多的钱买袋子,故挑了一个最便宜的。”

20.B。表示“如此重的箱子”可以用“so heavy a box”或“such a heavy box”。二.1-10: CCCAD BCDDB 11-20: ABADA BCADA

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