谢莉·桑德伯格 Sandberg在哈佛毕业典礼上的演讲(英文)

第一篇：谢莉·桑德伯格 Sandberg在哈佛毕业典礼上的演讲(英文)

桑德伯格哈佛商学院毕业演讲

The speech given by Facebook COO, Sheryl Kara Sandberg at Harvard University

It‘s an honor to be here today to address HBS‘s distinguished faculty, proud parents, patient guests, and most importantly, the class of 2012.Today was supposed to be a day of unbridled celebration and I know that‘s no longer true.I join all of you in grieving for your classmate Nate.There are no words which can make this better.Though laden with sadness, today still marks a distinct and impressive achievement for this class.So please join me in giving our warmest congratulations to this class.When Dean Nohria asked me to speak here today, I thought, come talk to a group of people way younger and cooler than I am? I can do that.I do that every day at Facebook.I like being surrounded by young people, except when they say to me, ―What was it like being in college without the internet?‖ or worse,‖ Sheryl, can you come here? We need to see what old people think of this feature.‖

When I was a student here 17 years ago, I studied social marketing with Professor Kash Rangan.One of the many examples Kash used to explain the concept of social marketing was the lack of organ donors in this country, which kills 18 people every single day.Earlier this month, Facebook launched a tool to support organ donations, something that stems directly from Kash‘s work.Kash, we are all grateful for your dedication.SANDBERG‘S HARVARD SECTION TRIED TO HAVE THE SCHOOL‘S FIRST ONLINE CLASS It wasn‘t really that long ago when I was sitting where you are, but the world has changed an awful lot.My section, section B, tried to have HBS‘s first online class.We had to use an AOL chat room and dial up service.(Your parents can explain to you later what dial-up service is.)We had to pass out a list of screen names because it was unthinkable to put your real name on the internet.And it never worked.It kept crashing.The world just wasn‘t set up for 90 people to communicate at once online.But for a few brief moments, we glimpsed the future – a future where technology would power who we are and connect us to our real colleagues, our real family, our real friends.It used to be that in order to reach more people than you could talk to in a day, you had to be rich and famous and powerful.You had to be a celebrity, a politician, a CEO.But that‘s not true today.Now ordinary people have voice, not just those of us lucky to go to HBS, but anyone with access to Facebook, Twitter, a mobile phone.This is disrupting traditional power structures and leveling traditional hierarchy.Control and power are shifting from institutions to individuals, from the historically powerful to the historically powerless.And all of this is happening so much faster than I could have imagined when I was sitting where you are today – and Mark Zuckerberg was 11 years old.‗WE WOULDN‘T EVEN THINK ABOUT HIRING SOMEONE LIKE YOU‘ As the world becomes more connected and less hierarchical, traditional career paths are shifting as well.In 2001, after working in the government, I moved out to Silicon Valley to try to find a job.My timing wasn‘t really that good.The bubble had crashed.Small companies were closing.Big companies were laying people off.One CEO looked at me and said, ―we wouldn‘t even think about hiring someone like you.‖

After a while I had a few offers and I had to make a decision, so what did I do? I am MBA trained, so I made a spreadsheet.I listed my jobs in the columns and my criteria in the rows.One of the jobs on that sheet was to become Google‘s first Business Unit general manager, which sounds good now, but at the time no one thought consumer internet companies could ever make money.I was not sure there was actually a job there at all;Google had no business units, so what was there to generally manage? And the job was several levels lower than jobs I was being offered at other companies.So I sat down with Eric Schmidt, who had just become the CEO, and I showed him the spreadsheet and I said, this job meets none of my criteria.He put his hand on my spreadsheet and he looked at me and said, ―Don‘t be an idiot.‖

EXCELLENT CAREER ADVICE: ‗GET ON A ROCKET SHIP‘

Excellent career advice.And then he said, ―Get on a rocket ship.When companies are growing quickly and having a lot of impact, careers take care of themselves.And when companies aren‘t growing quickly or their missions don‘t matter as much, that‘s when stagnation and politics come in.If you‘re offered a seat on a rocket ship, don‘t ask what seat.Just get on.‖

About six and one-half years later, when I was leaving Google, I took that advice to heart.I was offered CEO jobs at a bunch of companies, but I went to Facebook as COO.At the time people said, why are you going to work for a 23-year-old? THE METAPHOR FOR A CAREER IS NO LONGER A LADDER;IT‘S A JUNGLE GYM The traditional metaphor for careers is a ladder, but I no longer think that metaphor holds.It just doesn‘t make sense in a less hierarchical world.When I was first at Facebook, a woman named Lori Goler, a 1997 graduate of HBS, was working in marketing at eBay and I knew her a bit socially.She called me and said, ―I want to talk with you about coming to work with you at Facebook.So I thought about calling you and telling you all the things I‘m good at and all the things I like to do.But I figured that everyone is doing that.So instead I want to know what‘s your biggest problem and how can I solve it?‖

My jaw hit the floor.I‘d hired thousands of people up to that point in my career, but no one had ever said anything like that.I had never said anything like that.Job searches are always about the job searcher, but not in Lori‘s case.I said, ―You‘re hired.My biggest problem is recruiting and you can solve it.‖ So Lori changed fields into something she never thought she‘d do, went down a level to start in a new field.She has since been promoted and runs all of People Operations at Facebook and is doing an extraordinary job.Lori has a great metaphor for careers.She says they‘re not a ladder, they‘re a jungle gym.LOOK FOR GROWTH, IMPACT AND MISSION.MOVE SIDEWAYS, DOWN, ON AND OFF As you start your post-HBS career, look for opportunities, look for growth, look for impact, look for mission.Move sideways, move down, move on, move off.Build your skills, not your resume.Evaluate what you can do, not the title they‘re going to give you.Do real work.Take a sales quota, a line role, an ops job.Don‘t plan too much, and don‘t expect a direct climb.If I had mapped out my career when I was sitting where you are, I would have missed my career.You are entering a different business world than I entered.Mine was just starting to get connected.Yours is hyper-connected.Mine was competitive.Yours is way more competitive.Mine moved quickly, yours moves even more quickly.As traditional structures are breaking down, leadership has to evolve as well – from hierarchy to shared responsibility, from command and control to listening and guiding.You‘ve been trained by this great institution not just to be part of these trends, but to lead.As you lead in this new world, you will not be able to rely on who you are or the degree you hold.You‘ll have to rely on what you know.Your strength will not come from your place on some org chart, but from building trust and earning respect.You‘re going to need talent, skill, and imagination and vision.But more than anything else, you‘re going to need the ability to communicate authentically, to speak so that you inspire the people around you and to listen so that you continue to learn each and every day on the job.‗MOMMY, WHAT IS GROWING IN YOUR BUTT?‘

If you watch young children, you‘ll immediately notice how honest they are.My friend Betsy from my section a few years after business school was pregnant with her second child.Her first child was about five and said, ―Mommy, where is the baby?‖ She said, ―The baby is in my tummy.‖ He said, ‗Aren‘t the baby‘s arms in your arms?‖ She said, ―No, the baby‘s in my tummy.‖ ―Are the baby‘s legs in your legs?‖ ―No, the whole baby is in my tummy.‖ Then he said, ‗Then Mommy, what is growing in your butt?‖

As adults, we are never this honest.And that‘s not a bad thing.I have borne two children and the last thing I needed were those comments.But it‘s not always a good thing either.Because all of us, and especially leaders, need to speak and hear the truth.The workplace is an especially difficult place for anyone to tell the truth, because no matter how flat we want our organizations to be, all organizations have some form of hierarchy.This means that one person‘s performance is assessed by someone else‘s perception.This is not a setup for honesty.Think about how people speak in a typical workforce.Rather than say, ―I disagree with our expansion strategy‖ or better yet, ―this seems truly stupid.‖ They say, ―I think there are many good reasons why we‘re entering this new line of business, and I‘m certain the management team has done a thorough ROI analysis, but I‘m not sure we have fully considered the downstream effects of taking this step forward at this time.‖ As we would say at Facebook, three letters: WTF.‗TRUTH IS BETTER USED BY USING SIMPLE LANGUAGE‘ Truth is better used by using simple language.Last year, Mark decided to learn Chinese and as part of studying, he would spend an hour or so each week with some of our employees who were native Chinese speakers.One day, one of them was trying to tell him something about her manager.She said this long sentence and he said, ―simpler please.‖ And then she said it again and he said, ―no, I still don‘t understand, simpler please‖…and so on and so on.Finally, in sheer exasperation, she burst out, ―my manager is bad.‖ Simple and clear and very important for him to know.People rarely speak this clearly in the workforce or in life.And as you get more senior, not only will people speak less clearly to you but they will overreact to the small things you say.When I joined Facebook, one of the things I had to do was build the business side of the company and put some systems into place.But I wanted to do it without destroying the culture that made Facebook great.So one of the things I tried to do was encourage people not to do formal PowerPoint presentations for meetings with me.I would say things like, ―Don‘t do PowerPoint presentations for meetings with me.Instead, come in with a list of what you want to discuss.‖ But everyone ignored me and they kept doing their presentations meeting after meeting, month after month.So about two years in, I said, ―OK, I hate rules but I have a rule: no more PowerPoint in my meetings.‖

About a month later I was about to speak to our global sales team on a big stage and someone came up to me and said, ―Before you get on that stage, you really should know everyone‘s pretty upset about the no PowerPoint with clients thing.‖ So I got on the stage and said, ―one, I meant no PowerPoint with me.But two, more importantly, next time you hear something that‘s really stupid, don‘t adhere to it.Fight it or ignore it, even if it‘s coming from me or Mark.‖

A good leader recognizes that most people won‘t feel comfortable challenging authority, so it falls upon authority to encourage them to question.It‘s easy to say that you‘re going to encourage feedback but it‘s hard to do, because unfortunately it doesn‘t always come in a format we want to hear.‗BEING PART OF MY TEAM MEANT THAT I HAD TO KNOW YOU‘

When I first started at Google, I had a team of four people and it was really important to me that I interview everyone.For me, being part of my team meant I had to know you.When the team had grown to about 100 people, I realized it was taking longer to schedule my interviews.So one day at my meeting of just my direct reports, I said ―maybe I should stop interviewing‖, fully expecting them to jump in and say ―no, your interviews are a critical part of the process.‖ They applauded.Then they fell over themselves explaining that I was the bottleneck of all time.I was embarrassed.Then I was angry and I spent a few hours just quietly fuming.Why didn‘t they tell me I was a bottleneck? Why did they let me go on slowing them down? Then I realized that if they hadn‘t told me, it was my fault.I hadn‘t convinced them that I wanted that feedback and I would have to change that going forward.When you‘re the leader, it is really hard to get good and honest feedback, no many how many times you ask for it.One trick I‘ve discovered is that I try to speak really openly about the things I‘m bad at, because that gives people permission to agree with me, which is a lot easier than pointing it out in the first place.To take one of many possible examples, when things are unresolved I can get a tad anxious.Really, when anything‘s unresolved, I get anxious.I‘m quite certain no one has accused me of being too calm.So I speak about it openly and that gives people permission to tell me when it‘s happening.But if I never said anything, would anyone who works at Facebook walk up to me and say, ―Hey Sheryl, calm down.You‘re driving us all nuts!‖ I don‘t think so.‗WHEN YOU GET HONESTY BACK, WILL YOU REACT WITH ANGER OR WITH GRATITUDE?‘

As you graduate today, ask yourself, how will you lead.Will you use simple and clear language? Will you seek out honesty? When you get honesty back, will you react with anger or with gratitude? As we strive to be more authentic in our communication, we should also strive to be more authentic in a broader sense.I talk a lot about bringing your whole self to work—something I believe in deeply.Motivation comes from working on things we care about.But it also comes from working with people we care about.And in order to care about someone, you have to know them.You have to know what they love and hate, what they feel, not just what they think.If you want to win hearts and minds, you have to lead with your heart as well as your mind.I don‘t believe we have a professional self from Mondays through Fridays and a real self for the rest of the time.That kind of division probably never worked, but in today‘s world, with real and authentic voice, it makes even less sense.CRYING AT WORK: YES, SHE‘S DONE IT BUT NOT EXACTLY ON ZUCKERBERG‘S SHOULDER

I‘ve cried at work.I‘ve told people I‘ve cried at work.And it‘s been reported in the press that ‗Sheryl Sandberg cried on Mark Zuckerberg‘s shoulder‘, which is not exactly what happened.I talk about my hopes and fears and ask people about theirs.I try to be myself – honest about my strengths and weaknesses – and I encourage others to do the same.It is all professional and it is all personal, all at the very same time.I recently started speaking up about the challenges women face in the workforce, something I only had the courage to do in the last few years.Before this, I did my career like everyone else does it.I never told anyone I was a girl.Don‘t tell.I left the lights on when I went home to do something for my kids.I locked my office door and pumped milk for my babies while I was on conference calls.People would ask, ―what‘s that sound?‖ I would say, ―What sound?‖ ―I hear a beep.‖ ―Oh, there‘s a fire truck outside my office.‖

But the lack of progress over the past decade has convinced me we need to start talking about this.I graduated from HBS in 1995 and I thought it was completely clear that by the time someone from my year was invited to speak at this podium, we would have achieved equality in the workforce.But women at the top — C-level jobs — are stuck at 15-16 percent and have not moved in a decade.Not even close to 50% and no longer growing.We need to acknowledge openly that gender remains an issue at the highest levels of leadership.The promise of equality is not equality.We need to start talking about this.‗AS A WOMAN IS MORE SUCCESSFUL IN YOUR WORKPLACES, SHE WILL BE LESS LIKED‘

We need to start talking about how women underestimate their abilities compared to men and how for women, but not men, success and likeability are negatively correlated.That means that as a woman is more successful in your workplaces, she will be less liked.This means that women need a different form of management and mentorship, a different form of sponsorship and encouragement than men.There aren‘t enough senior women out there to do it, so it falls upon the men who are graduating today just as much or more as the women, not just to talk about gender but to help these women succeed.When they hear a woman is really great at her job but not liked, take a deep breath and ask why.We need to start talking openly about the flexibility all of us need to have both a job and a life.A couple of weeks ago in an interview I said that I leave the office at 5:30 p.m.to have dinner with my children.I was shocked at the press coverage.One of my friends said I couldn‘t get more headlines if I had murdered someone with an ax.This showed me this is an unresolved issue for all of us, men and women alike.Otherwise, everyone would not write so much about it.‗WE NEED MORE WOMEN NOT JUST TO SIT AT THE TABLE, BUT TO TAKE THEIR RIGHTFUL SEATS‘

And maybe, most importantly, we need to start talking about how fewer women than men, even from places like HBS, even likely in this class, aspire to the very top jobs.We will not close the leadership gap until we close the professional ambition gap.We need more women not just to sit at the table, but as President Obama said a few weeks ago at Barnard, to take their rightful seats at the head of the table.One of the reasons I was so excited to be here today is that this is the 50th anniversary of letting women into this school.Dean Noria, who is so passionate about getting more women into leadership positions, told me that he wanted me to speak this year for that reason.I met a woman from that first class once.She told me that when they first came in, they took a men‘s room and converted it to a woman‘s room.But they left the urinals in.She thought the message was clear – ‗we are not sure this whole woman thing is going to work out and if not, we don‘t want to have to reinstall the urinals.‘ The urinals are long gone.Let‘s make sure that no one ever misses them.FOUR THINGS SANDBERG WISHES FOR HARVARD‘S GRADUATING CLASS OF 2012 As you and your classmates spread out across the globe and walk across this stage tomorrow, I wish for you four things: First, keep in touch via Facebook.This is critical to your future success!And since we‘re public now, why you are there, click on an ad or two.Two, that you make the effort to speak as well as seek the truth.Three, that you remain true to and open about your authentic self.And four, that your generation accomplishes what mine has failed to do.Give us a world where half our homes are run by men and half our institutions are run by women.I‘m pretty sure that would be a better world.I join everyone here in offering my most sincere congratulations to the HBS Class of 2012.Give yourselves a huge round of applause.

第二篇：雪莉 桑德伯格在哈佛2014年毕业典礼上的演讲（模版）

雪莉 桑德伯格在哈佛2014年毕业典礼上的演讲

祝贺所有人，你们做到了。我指的不是大学毕业，而你们成功出席今天的毕业典礼。如果我没记错，某些同学虽然昨晚在香港具厅喝了太多蝎子碗调酒，但今天还是来了。由于天气，这种哈 佛还没有弄清如何控制的现象，还胡同学正在温暖的地方喝热可可饮料。所以，你们有很多为今天出席毕业日活动感到自豪的理由。

祝贺你们的家长，你们花了很多钱，让子女能够说自己是从波士顿附近的这所“小学校”毕业的。还要感谢2014届毕业生邀请我来到这次盛典。这对我价值巨大。看到过往演讲者的名单让人有些敬畏，我肯定没有艾米波乐那么搞笑，但我至少比特雷萨修女更幽默。

25年前，一个当时还不认识，但以后成为我丈夫的男人戴夫，从在你们现在从的地方。23年前，我从在你们现在从的地方。戴夫和我这个周末，带着可爱的子女回校，我们都有相同的三角：哈佛的篮球队太棒了！

站在校园中，回忆泉涌。1987年的秋天，我从迈阿密来到这里，怀揣着伟大的梦想，还胡更夸张的发型。我被分配到哈佛伟大建筑的一座历史丰碑~卡纳迪楼，我是说真的，我当时穿着牛仔裙，白色暖裤袜套，运动鞋，还有一件弗罗里达羊毛衫。因为当时我的父母告诉我，所有人都会认为来自弗里达的人很酷。至少，我们那时没有。

对我而言，哈佛给了我很多第一次，包括我的第一件冬装，在迈阿密没有人需要冬装。我的第一份10页的论文，高中没有人会布置这么长的作业。我第一次得C，这之后，我的学监告诉我说，她在招生委员会，她招我进来不是因为我的学术潜能，而是因为我的品性。我在寄宿学校看到的第一个人，我就觉得这个人会是个大麻烦。我还碰到了第一个名字同整座建筑一样的人，这个人名字叫做萨拉威格尔斯沃斯，她和那栋宿舍楼没有关系，当时我很震惊，知道她和宿舍楼没有关系后，我松了一口气。之后，我还碰到了其他人，弗朗西斯斯特劳斯，詹姆斯威尔斯，杰西卡科学中心B。我第一们爱，第一们让我心碎的人。我第一次认识到自己热爱学习，第一次也是最后一次遇到有在读拉丁文。

我毕业那年，我想好自己以后有什么计划，我要进世界银行，对抗全球贫穷，然后我要去法学院，然后我将非营利机构或政府工作，你们院长也讲了，在明天的哈佛毕业典礼上，每个学院都 要起立并一同毕业，本科部、法学院、医学院等等。我毕业时，我们班为博士生欢呼，然后嘘了商学院，商学院似乎很不受欢迎。但，18个月后，我就申请了商学院。

我对自己毕业后的数十年规划其实并没错，计划只错在了一年后，就算我算到了自己会在私营企业工作，我肯定算不到自己会在脸谱，那时候没有互联网。那时候马克扎克伯格还在读小学，已经开始穿他的标志性帽衫了。没有太早锁死自己的道路，让我有机会进入改变生活的全新领域。有些人可能认为我运气好，我想说，卡纳迪楼后，我又被安排到了设计院。

从你们所坐的地方到你们要去的地方是没有直路的，不要尝试画这样的直线，这不仅会出错，还会错失的大的机遇，例如像互联网这样。

职业不是梯子，那种时代一去不返了，职业更像是立体方格铁架，不要只上下移动，不要只往上看，还要往回，往旁边看，看转角周围。你的职业和生活会有始终，会有曲折，不要对未来的道路太过忧虑，因为生活中充满了惊喜和机遇，你需要对各处可能性持开放态度。今天我要讲的最重要的一点就是，对诚实保持开放的态度。相互之间说老实话，对自己诚实，也对我们所生活的世界诚实。

看看身边的孩子，你就知道他们有多诚实，我朋友贝琪怀孕后，她五岁的儿子山姆想知道宝宝在她身体里的什么地方。李问，妈妈，宝宝的胳膊在你的胳膊里吗？她说，不是，整个宝宝在我的肚子里。他又问，妈妈，宝宝的腿在你的腿里吗？她回答，不山姆，整个宝宝都在我肚子里。然后，山姆问道，那的屁股里有什么？

作为成年人，我们几乎一直很诚实，这是很难得的好事。我怀孕的时候，我问我丈夫我的屁股有没有变大，起初他说没有，但我不断施压，最后，他说，好吧，有一点。我的小姑子一直说我丈夫，也是你们以后在生活中经常会听到有说到的：“这家伙竟然是哈佛出来的。”

在人一旅途中，如果听到一些真话会对我们很有帮助，我在你们这个年龄的时候，还没有俯到这一点。在我毕业的时候，我对爱情生活的关心大于事业，我认识自己没有什么时间了，必须赶紧找个好男人结婚，以免所有好男人都被别人抢走，或者我太老了。于是，我搬到哥伦比亚特区，在我24岁的时候结婚了。那个男人很不错，但我俩似乎总相处不好，我变得不知道自己是住，也不知道未来在哪里。一年不到，我的婚姻以失败告终，当时我非常难堪，非常痛苦。很多朋友来安慰我，但毫无帮助，他们说：我就知道你们俩结婚是行不通的，我就知道你们俩不合适。没有人在婚姻之前跟我说这些，事前告诉我这些肯定是会更有用。

我熬过了离婚后的这些痛苦的时光，我多希望他们原来有给过我建议，我多希望我曾经问过他们。而在我的职业生涯中，确实有人这无保留的地说出了实施。本科后，我和第一任老板是兰特普得切特，肯尼迪学院授刘的一位经济学家，他今天也在现场。我第二次考虑法学院时，兰特跟我说，我不认为你应该去法学院，我也不认为你想去法学院。你认为自己应该去，大概只是你父母一直以来的要求。他注意到，我在谈话中从未表现出对法律的任何兴趣。我知道，相互之间坦诚相见有多么难，哪怕最亲密的朋友，哪怕是在他们可能犯严重错误的时候，不过我敢打赌，在座的各位知道自己亲密朋友的强项和弱项，知道他们可能掉落在哪个悬崖。我也敢打赌，大部分时候，你们并没有告诉他们，他们也从没问过。

去问这些问题，真相会越问越明。朋友诚实地回答时，你就知道他们是你真正的朋友了。

养成寻求反馈的习惯非常重要，特别是在离开学校系统，没了考试和分数之后。很多工作中，如果你想知道自己干得怎么样，你就需要去询问，而且不要因为听到不喜欢听的而觉得受到冒犯。毫

无疑问，听人批评绝对不会让人高兴，但我们只能在批评中进步。几年前，马无扎克伯格决定要学中文。为了练习，他开始尝试在一些工作会议中，同中文母语同事交流。你们估计可以想到，他有有限的中文水平，会让谈话很难正常进行。一天，他问一位女性，有脸谱工作怎么样。她用了一个很长很复杂的句子回答。他说，请简单些。她又说了一次。请再简单些！经过几次之后，她只好说了一句很简单的话~我的经理很糟糕！扎克伯格这次真的听懂了。

通常，真相都成了避免冲突的牺牲品。我们在讲真相时，总喜欢使用很多修饰，很多委婉语，淹没了真正要传达的信息。我希望你们在向他询问真相的时候，能用简单明了的语言相互交流。讲到自己的真相时，也应该使用简单明了的语言。

同他人坦诚相见很困难，坦诚对待自己的想法甚至更难。我有了小孩子后，经常会和自己说，我对工作不感到内疚，哪怕没有人问的时候。有人跟我说，雪莉，今天过得如何。我会说，很棒，我对工作并不感到内疚。有人说，我需要一件羊毛衫吗？我说，没错，外面很冷，我对荼工不感到内疚。我就像一只学舌的鹦鹉。

有天，我在跑步机上，正在读社会学杂志上的论文。上面写道，相比对他人撒谎，人们更喜欢对自己撒谎，而重复最多的那句话，通常就是谎言。

我脸上汗如雨下，心想，我重复最多的一句话是什么，我意识到了，我对工作感到内疚。我做了大量的研究，我同好友内尔斯克维尔花了一整年的时间，写了一本书，讲我的想法和感受。世界上很多女性都同它产生了共鸣，这让我很欣慰。我的书名叫做《格雷的五十道阴影》，可见，你们很多人也都读过这本书。

对于我们所生活的世界保持诚实，我们还有很多要做。我们并不总能看到真相，就算盾到了，我们经常也没有大声说出的勇气。

我和同学们在读大学时，认为性格平等的斗争已经结束。没错，大部分待业的领袖都是男性，但改变应该只是时间的问题。那边的拉蒙特图书馆，就在我们之前一代人的时间，不允许女性进入，但在我们毕业时，一切都平等了。哈佛和拉德克里夫完全统一了。

我们不需要妇权主义，因为我们已经得到了平等。我们错了，我错了，世界在那时并不平等，现在也不平等。我认为现如今，我们并不只是假装没看到真相，并对不平等视而不见，我们还在遭受低预期的践踏。

在美国的上一个选举周期，女性赢得了20%的参议院席位。所有报纸头条都开始叫嚷，女性接管了参议院。我很想大声回应说，等等，大伙，50%的人只占有了20%的席位，这不是接管，这是羞辱。

今年，就在几个月前，硅谷一位很受人新生的知名商业经理人，邀请我到他的社交媒体俱乐部发表演讲。几个月之前，我去过这家俱乐部。一位朋友过生日邀我去的。建筑很漂亮，我在里面游荡。欣赏她，找卫生间。结果一位员工很肯定的告诉我，女卫生间在那里，让我务必不要上楼去，因为女性不允许进入这座建筑，我直到这时才意识到自己来到了一家全男性俱乐部。

剩下的整个晚上，我一直都纳闷，自己来这里做什么，纳闷其他人都在做什么，纳闷旧金山会不会有朋友邀请我去一个不允许黑人、犹太人、亚洲人、或同性恋者的俱乐部派对。被邀请到这家俱乐部做商业演讲，就更让人不爽了，因为这根本就不是单纯的社交活动场所。

我首先想到的是，这是真的吗？真的。《向前一步》出版后一年，这个家伙竟然认为邀请我到一家全男怀俱乐部做演讲是一个好主意。他不是一个，很多备受尊敬的商务人士，都和他一起发出这份邀请。

转述格鲁马克思的一句话，别担心，我不打算模仿他的声音。我不会去任何不愿加我为会员的俱乐部做演讲。我拒绝了。我还做一件，也许5年前我不会做的事，我回了一长篇饱含激情的电子邮件，告诉他们应当改变这一做法。他们感谢了我的迅速回函，写到？也许情况最终会有所改变。我们的期望值太代了，最终需要转化为立刻才行。

我们需要看到真相，讲出真相。我们容忍歧视，假装机会是平等的。没错，我们选举了一位非裔美国人总统。但各族主义仍然无处不在，不错，确实有女性掌握着财富500强企业，准确的说是5%。但我们的道路上，充满了母老虎、跋扈老女人这样的恶语。而我们的男性同行却被尊为俯视，被认为成就卓著。

非裔美国女性总需要证明自己没有生气，拉丁裔总被打上暴躁急性子的标签。脸谱有一群亚裔男女，胸口带着牌子说，我有可能不够好。

没错，哈佛有一位女性校长，也许两年后，美国也会迎来首位女总统。但要实现目标，希拉里克林顿需要克服两 大重要障碍，一是未知，通常也未疲理解的性别偏见；二是，更糟的，从耶鲁获得的文凭而不是哈佛。

你们可以挑战老一套的做法，在脸谱我们会贴海报激励自己，完成重于完美，财富偏爱勇敢者，不要害怕，勇往直前。我最近又喜欢上一条，在脸谱没有别人的问题。我希望你们也能这样看问题，问题没有别人 的问题。性别不平等对男性和女性都 没有好处，各族主义对白人和少数族裔都是伤害，缺乏平等机会，让我们所有人无法发挥自己的真正潜能。

在你们毕业的今天，我希望给你们一些压力，让你认识到，真相虽然有时难以接受，但很重要。不要逃避，碰到了就要勇于面对。

我第一次站出来，公开宣扬职场女权主义，仅仅是不到5年前。也就是说，毕业后，我有18年时间都保持着沉默。这种沉默似乎是在说，一切像这样就行了。你们肯定能比我做的更好。我由衷的这样认为。同时，我也希望给你们减一些压力。今天坐在这里的你们，不需要知道自己应该如何走上正确的人生道路。向前一步，并不意味着你的前路将一帆风顺。很多人对世界的重大贡献都远远晚于马克扎克伯格。找到你想爬的立体方格铁架，并开始攀爬。你最终会找到你想做的事情，并最终获得成功。

看到今天的你们，让我充满了希望。你们所有人都被录取到波士顿附近这所小学校，也许由于学术潜质，也许由于个人品性。你们经历第一次穿冬装，第一次恋爱，或第一次C。你们更加了解自己是谁，以及自己想为什么。还有最重要的，你们体会到团结的力量。你们知道，虽然你们每个人都很出色，但团结起来，你们将会更强，并能发出更大的声音。

我知道，你们永远不会忘记哈佛，哈佛也不会忘记你们，特别是在下次募捐的时候。

明天，你们都将步入社会，这是一生的旅途，途中会碰到很好的机遇，也会有很重大的责任，你们能够让世界对于每个人更加公平。对自己和他人，你们需要坦诚相待，要求并创造真正平等的机会。不是最终，而是现在！顺便说一下，明天你将获得马克扎克伯格所没有的东西，一份哈佛学位。

祝贺每一位毕业生！

第三篇：Facebook首席运营官谢莉·桑德伯格在2012年哈佛毕业典礼上的演讲(中英)

今天很荣幸来到这里为尊敬的哈佛商学院（HBS）的教授们，自豪的毕业生家长们和耐心的来宾们，尤其是为今年的毕业生们演讲。

今天原本应该是狂欢的日子，不过我知道现在并不合适了（由于一名毕业生在欧洲突然死亡）让我们一起为Nate同学表示哀悼，当然任何言语在这样的悲剧前都苍白无力。

尽管有悲伤萦绕在大家心头，今天仍然象征着你们取得的杰出成绩。所以让我们一起为12届的毕业生们献上最热烈的祝贺。

当尊敬的院长Nohria邀请我今天来做演讲时，我想来给一群远比我年轻有活力的人们演讲？我没问题。这正是我每天在Facebook做的事情。我喜欢和年轻人在一起，除了当他们问我，“

没有互联网的大学是怎样的？”或者（更夸张）“谢丽尔，你能过来下么？我们想知道‘老人’会对这个新功能怎么看”这类问题。

17年前当我是哈佛的学生时，我上了Kash Rangan教授的“社交化营销”。一个Kash用来解释“社交化营销”概念的例子就是美国在器官捐赠方面的不足，每天因此有18人死亡。本月早些

时候，Facebook推出了一款支持器官捐赠的工具，这是对Kash工作的直接应用。Kash，无论你今天坐在哪里，我们都十分感激你的贡献。

所以也就在“不久”之前，我坐在你们现在的位置上。但是这个世界已经变化了很多。我所在的小组Section B曾尝试进行HBS的第一次在线课程。我们用的是AOL的聊天室和电话拨号上网

服务。你们的父母可以向你们解释什么是拨号上网。我们得给每人发一张写有我们网名的列表，因为那时在网上用真名是件让人难以想象的事。不过这完全不行。网一直断，我们会被踢出聊

天室。因为当时的世界还无法让90人同时在线交流。不过有几个瞬间，我们（仿佛）看到了未来。一个由于科技进步让我们和真实生活中的同事、家人和朋友（更好地）联系在一起的未来。

过去如果想在一天内联系到比你能见着面更多的人，你要么有钱，要么有名，要么有权。（你得是）名人，政客，或者CEO。但是今天不一样了。现在普通人也可以获得话语权。不仅是那

些能到HBS读书的幸运儿，而是任何能上Facebook，Twitter或者有（智能）手机的人。这正在打破传统的权利结构，让传统的阶层变得扁平。话语权正从机构转向个人，从曾经有权有势的人

转向普通人。而且这一切的变化速度远远超出了当时就坐在你们今天位置上的我的想像。那时候，马克·扎克伯格才十一岁。

当世界变得更紧密且更扁平时，传统的职业生涯也在发生变化。2001年在为政府工作了几年之后，(谢丽尔·桑德伯格当初为Larry Summers工作）我搬到硅谷找下一份工作。当时并不是

个好时机。泡沫破灭了。小公司都在倒闭，大公司都在裁员。一个女性CEO看着我说，“我们根本不会考虑招你这样的人。”

过了一段时间，我有了几个offers。需要做决定了，那么我是怎么做的呢？（由于）我受过MBA的训练，所以我做了一个Excel表。我把工作都列了出来并且一行行把我的评判标准也列了

出来。比较公司的远景，工作的职责等。表格中有一个工作是去做Google的第一个业务部总经理。这现在听起来很不错，但是当时没人相信直接面对消费者的互联网公司可以赚钱。我都不敢

确定那儿是不是真有这样的职位；Google就没有业务部，那要我去总管什么呢？何况那职位比我在其他公司得到的offers都要低好几级。

后来我和当时刚刚上任的CEO艾里克·施密特见了面，我给他看了我的列表。我说，“这份工作完全不合我的选择标准。”他用手按住我的表格。看着我说：“不要犯傻。”

极佳的职业忠告。然后他说，“（重要的是）坐上火箭。当公司在飞速发展而产生很大影响力时，事业自然也会突飞猛进。当公司发展较慢时，或者公司前景一般时，停滞和（办公室）

政治就会出现。如果你得到了坐上火箭的机会，别管是什么位置，上去就行。”

大概六年半之后，当我要离开Google的时候，我记住了这句忠告。当时好几家公司请我去做CEO，但是我去了Facebook做COO（首席运营官）。那时有人问你为什么要去给一个23岁的（大

学生）打工？

职业发展通常会被比作“爬阶梯”。但我认为这个比喻不再恰当了。在越来越扁平的世界里，这种说法是没有意义的。我刚到Facebook的时候，97届HBS的校友Lori Goler还在eBay做市场

营销。我和她曾在某个社交场合上认识。她打电话给我说，“我想和你谈谈到Facebook和你一起工作的事，我想到给你打电话，和你说我有哪些特长以及我想做的事情。但我知道所有人都会

这样说。所以我就想知道什么是你现在最棘手的问题，我又该如何帮你解决这个问题？”

我感动得五体投地。那时我一路过来，雇了上千人，但是从来没有人对我这样说过。我自己也从来没有这样说过。找工作一直是关于找工作的人（是怎样，要什么）。但是Lori不是这样

想的。我说，“你被录用了。我最大的问题就是招人，你可以帮我。”之后Lori就换到了这个她自己都从未想过去做的领域，还降了一级，重新开始。之后她被升职，负责整个Facebook的人

事运行，现在做得非常好，（在公司）有很大的影响力。

Lori对职业有个很好的比喻。她说职业不是阶梯，而是(游乐场里儿童玩的）立方格攀登架。

当你们开始HBS之后的职业生涯时，（你们应该）寻找机会，追随成长，力求影响力，发现远景，可以平调，降级，升职，甚至换新的领域。培养你的技能，而不是填充你的简历。根据你

能做的事来评判工作，而不是你可以得到的职位。做真正的工作。接受一个销售目标，一个生产线上的工作，一个涉及运营方面的工作，别作太多计划，也别要求要“青云直上”。如果我在

坐在你们的位置上时就计划好我的职业，我会错过我现在的职业。

你们现在正迈入一个和我当时不同的世界我的世界刚刚开始被连接起来，你的世界已经超级连接在一起。我当时竞争很激烈。你们现在的竞争更加激烈。我的世界变化很快，你的世界变

化更快。

在这个传统结构正被打破的时代，领导班子也需要演变。从设立阶层到责任共享，从命令与控制到聆听和引导。你在HBS这个伟大的学院学习不仅是为了能够跟上浪潮，更重要的是能去引

领潮流。

当你在这个新世界里乘风破浪时，你能依靠的不是你是谁也不是你的学位。你要依靠的是你的知识。你的力量不会源自你在公司的位置，而来自于建立信任，获得尊敬。你会需要天赋，技能，想象力和视野。不过最最重要的是，具有真诚沟通的能力，既能鼓舞你身边的人，又能聆听他们的建议，在每一天的工作中不断学习进步。

如果你留意小孩，你会立刻发现他们是多么的真实。我的一个HBS小组里的朋友Betsy在毕业后几年怀上了第二个孩子。她的第一个小孩，Sam，那时大概五岁。Sam环视了下她问，“妈妈，小宝宝在哪里啊？”她说，“小宝宝在我肚子里。”他说，“真的么？难道小宝宝的手不在你的手里？”她说，“不，小宝宝在我肚子里。”“真的？小宝宝的腿不在你腿里？”“不，整

个宝宝都在我肚子里啊。”然后她说，“那么妈妈，为什么你的屁股越来越大？”

作为成年人，我们从不如此直接。这未必是件坏事。我也是两个孩子的妈妈，我最不想听到的恐怕就是这些评论，当然这些评论用在我身上也确实没错。但是那也不总是件好事。因为我

们所有人，尤其是领导者，需要说真话，听真话。

在工作环境中，说真话尤其得难，因为无论我们多希望将组织架构扁平化，所有的组织都会有某种层级。这就意味着一个员工的表现会由别人对其印象来评估。

这是不鼓励真诚的设计。想象一下人们在典型的工作环境中是如何沟通的。人们不说“我不同意我们的扩张策略”或者，更好，“这看起来真傻。”人们会说，“我知道进入这个新领域

有众多好处，而且我相信管理团队一定做过细致的投资回报分析，不过，我不确定我们是否完整地考虑了在这个时刻采取这个方案会产生的所有后果。（对此就该用）我们在Facebook或者互

联网上常说的三个字：WTF。

事实最好用简短的语言来表达。去年，马克·扎克伯格决定开始学中文。作为学习的一部分，他每周会花大约一个小时的时间和一些来自中国的员工交谈。有一天，有一个员工谈到了她 的老板。她说了一通之后，马克说，“请说简单点。”她再说了一遍之后，他说，“不行，我还是没明白，请再简单点。”就这样来回了几次。终于，她愤怒地说道，“我老板坏！”简单明

了，而且非常重要，需要让马克知道。

在工作或者生活中，人们很少会把话说那么明了。尤其是当你的级别上升后，人们不仅不会和你把话说清楚，还会对你所说的小事反应过激。当我加入Facebook的时候，我的职责之一就

是把公司商业那块给建立起来，将其系统化。但是我不想破坏Facebook原有的文化。我尝试的一件事就是鼓励人们和我开会时不要做正式的PPT。我会说，“和我开会不用做PPT。”把你想讨

论的事列出来就行。但是所有人都无视我的要求，仍然在做PPT，就这样一个又一个会议，一个月又一个月，没有改变。大概两年后，我说，“OK，我不喜欢条条框框，但我要定个规矩，和我

开会不用做PPT。我是认真的。别再做了。”

大约一个月之后，我在一个大型场合正要和全球销售团队讲话，一个同事上来对我说，“在你上台之前，大家对你制定的‘和客户会面不做PPT’的规定很有意见。”我说，“什么‘ 和

客户会面不做PPT’？”他们说：“你制定了一个规定：不做PPT。”之后我上了台就说，“首先，我说的是和我开会不用PPT。其次，更重要的是，下次你们听到一些你们认为很傻的话，不要

去遵循它，而要去提意见或者无视它，哪怕你知道那话是我或者马克说的。”

一个好的领导者知道大部分人不愿意去挑战权威，所以领导者有义务去鼓励大家来质疑。当然说鼓励反馈容易，做起来难。因为听到的反馈往往不是我们想要的那种。

当我刚开始在Google工作时，我的团队里面有四个人。所以对我而言，由我自己来面试团队的每个成员就尤其重要。要成为我的团队的一份子，我必须了解你。当团队增长到大约有100人 的时候，我意识到在面试上花的时间越来越多。所以有一天在我的报告会上，我说也许我应该停止面试。那时我完全预计他们会打断我说，“不行，你的面试是流程中很重要的一步。”（然

而）他们都对此非常赞赏。然后他们转过来解释说我一直都是流程中的瓶颈。我先是觉得羞愧，然后恼怒。我花了几个小时的时间生闷气。他们为什么不告诉我我是瓶颈？为什么他们不阻止

我拖大家的后腿？后来我明白了：如果没人告诉我，那这就是我的错。我还不够开怀并主动告诉大家我希望得到反馈。我决定从此改变这点。

当你是领导，得到有用的真实的反馈是很难的，哪怕你反复要求。我发现的一个小技巧是尝试主动地谈论你的某些缺点。因为这样会让人愿意来认同我，这比直接指出我的缺点要容易许

多。从众多可能中举个例子来说，当事情没有搞定时，我会有点焦躁。真的，只要有事情没有搞定，我会变得非常焦躁。我敢肯定没人会说我过于冷静。后来我就主动地谈论这个缺点，让大

家来认同我，因而可以在我焦躁时告诫我但是如果我对此一句不提，会有Facebook的员工，走上来对我说，“嘿，谢丽尔，冷静点。你快把我们搞疯了！”我可不这样认为。

在你们毕业的今天，问自己你将如何去领导，你会用简单明了的语言？你会追寻真实的反馈？当你得到真实的反馈，你会愤怒还是感激？

当我们努力更真诚地沟通时，我们也应该在更多的意义上做到真实。我经常会说带着“完整的自己”去上班，这是我深深相信的一点。

工作的动力来自于做我们在乎的事情，但也来自于和我们在乎的人一起工作。要做到在乎某人，你必须了解他们，你必须知道他们喜欢什么讨厌什么，他们会有什么样的感受，而不只是

他们会想什么。如果你想得到人心，你必须用心去领导。我不相信周一到周五我们是职业的自己，其它时间才是真正的自己。类似这样的分离从来就不太可行，在越来越提倡真实的当今世界

里，这就更没有意义了。

我在工作时流过泪。我告诉过别人我在工作时流过泪。后来这被媒体报道成“谢丽尔·桑德伯格在马克·扎克伯格的肩膀上哭泣”，事实当然不是如此。我会谈论我的希望和恐惧，也会

询问别人的希望和恐惧。我努力做真实的自己，直面我的优点和缺点。我会鼓励别人也这么做。一切都与职业相关，也都与个人相关，两者无时无刻不交融在一起。

作为带着“完整的自己”去上班的一部分努力，最近我开始公开谈论女性在工作环境中面临的挑战。这也是我最近几年才有勇气做的事情。在此之前，我和大家一样小心翼翼地在职场上

打拼。我从没和别人强调“我是女儿身”。“不说”原则。当我暂时回家照顾下孩子时，我会把（办公室的）灯留着。当我锁上门在办公室边参加电话会议，边为我的宝宝们挤奶时，有人会

问，“那是什么声音？”我会说，“什么声音？”“我听到哔的一声”“噢，我窗外正好有一辆消防车。”

然而，由于我们在上个10年取得的进展很小，我决定要开始公开讨论这点。我是1995年从HBS毕业的，当时我想等到我们这届有人被邀请到这个讲台演讲的时候，我们一定已经实现了工作

上的男女平等。但是在C-级别的工作上，女性的比例始终停留在15到16％。10年来一点都没有变化。离50％还差很远，而且更糟的是，已经停止增长。我们需要公开承认在执行级别的领导层，性别仍然是个大问题。对平等的承诺不等于真正的平等。我们需要就此进行谈论。

我们要讨论女性相比男性为什么会低估自己的能力。而且和男性不同，对于女性，成功和受欢迎程度是反向相关的。这意味着一个女性在事业上越成功，她就会越不受人喜爱。这意味着

女性需要另一种形式的管理和辅导，另一种形式的支持和鼓励，甚至一些保护，在某些方面，要比男性有更多的保护。

而且现在有资历做这些的女性还太少，所以在座的男性毕业生们要和女性毕业生们一起肩负起这个责任，甚至更多。不仅仅讨论性别，而且要帮助女性取得成功。当听到一个工作上很优

秀的女性不为人爱戴，深呼吸一下，问问自己这是为什么。

我们需要公开地探讨我们都需要的灵活机制来平衡工作和生活。几周前我接受了一个采访，我说我会5点半离开公司去和我的小孩吃晚饭。我被由此而来的媒体报道震惊了。我的一个朋友

说她不确定就算我用斧子砍人，是否能上一样多的头条。我告诉她我对砍人没兴趣。不过这让我明白，对于我们所有人，不管是男人还是女人，这是个未解决的问题。要不是这样，为什么大

家会对此有那么多评论？

也许，最重要的是，我们应该开始讨论为什么只有少数的女性，即便来自HBS，即便是你们这届毕业生，渴望坐上最高的领导职位。我们无法弥补领导岗位上的差距，除非我们先弥补职业

抱负上的差距。我们需要更多的女性不仅仅坐在会议桌旁，而且要像奥巴马总统几周前在Barnard学校说的那样，去光明正大地坐到主座上去。

我今天来这里十分激动的另一个原因是院长Nohria告诉我今年是第一次有女生进入HBS50周年。你们的院长对让更多的女性进入领导岗位很执着。他告诉我这就是为什么他请我来做今年的

演讲者的原因。

有一次我遇到了那届的一位女生。她告诉我当第一届女生入学时，学校把一个男生洗手间改成了女生洗手间。没错吧。但是他们留下了小便池。她认为这里的信息很明确我们不确定这个

女生来上学的事是不是靠谱，万一后来黄了，我们也不必重新安装小便池。现在这些小便池当然早就不在了。让我们确保没人会想念它们。

当你和你的同学们即将走向世界各地，当你们明天走出校园，我对你们有四个期望：

第一，通过Facebook保持联系。这对于你们未来的成功而言很关键！另外，我们现在是上市公司了，所以当你上Facebook的时候请点击一两个广告吧！

第二，努力说真话，求真知。

第三，保持你的“真我”，用你的“真我”待人。

第四，最由衷的一点，让你们这代来实现我们这代没有做到的。让我们创造一个男女在家庭和工作都各撑半边天的世界。我敢保证这会是个更美好的世界。

让我们一起向2012年的毕业生们献上最真挚的祝贺。和你们的“真我”一起，给你们自己一轮热烈的掌声吧！

英文原稿

It‘s an honor to be here today to address HBS‘s distinguished faculty, proud parents, patient guests, and most importantly, the class of 2012.Today was supposed to be a day of unbridled celebration and I know that‘s no longer true.I join all of you in grieving for your classmate Nate.There are no words which can make this better.Though laden with sadness, today still marks a distinct and impressive achievement for this class.So please join me in giving our warmest congratulations to this class.When Dean Nohria asked me to speak here today, I thought, come talk to a group of people way younger and cooler than I am? I can do that.I do that every day at Facebook.I like being surrounded by young people, except when they say to me, ―What was it like being in college without the internet?‖ or worse,‖ Sheryl, can you come here? We need to see what old people think of this feature.‖

When I was a student here 17 years ago, I studied social marketing with Professor Kash Rangan.One of the many examples Kash used to explain the concept of social marketing was the lack of organ donors in this country, which kills 18 people every single day.Earlier this month, Facebook launched a tool to support organ donations, something that stems directly from Kash‘s work.Kash, we are all grateful for your dedication.SANDBERG‘S HARVARD SECTION TRIED TO HAVE THE SCHOOL‘S FIRST ONLINE CLASS

It wasn‘t really that long ago when I was sitting where you are, but the world has changed an awful lot.My section, section B, tried to have HBS‘s first online class.We had to use an AOL chat room and dial up service.(Your parents can explain to you later what dial-up service is.)We had to pass out a list of screen names because it was unthinkable to put your real name on the internet.And it never worked.It kept crashing.The world just wasn‘t set up for 90 people to communicate at once online.But for a few brief moments, we glimpsed the future – a future where technology would power who we are and connect us to our real colleagues, our real family, our real friends.It used to be that in order to reach more people than you could talk to in a day, you had to be rich and famous and powerful.You had to be a celebrity, a politician, a CEO.But that‘s not true today.Now ordinary people have voice, not just those of us lucky to go to HBS, but anyone with access to Facebook, Twitter, a mobile phone.This is disrupting traditional power structures and leveling traditional hierarchy.Control and power are shifting from institutions to individuals, from the historically powerful to the historically powerless.And all of this is happening so much faster than I could have imagined when I was sitting where you are today – and Mark Zuckerberg was 11 years old.‘WE WOULDN‘T EVEN THINK ABOUT HIRING SOMEONE LIKE YOU‘

As the world becomes more connected and less hierarchical, traditional career paths are shifting as well.In 2001, after working in the government, I moved out to Silicon Valley to try to find a job.My timing wasn‘t really that good.The bubble had crashed.Small companies were closing.Big companies were laying people off.One CEO looked at me and said, ―we wouldn‘t even think about hiring someone like you.‖

After a while I had a few offers and I had to make a decision, so what did I do? I am MBA trained, so I made a spreadsheet.I listed my jobs in the columns and my criteria in the rows.One of the jobs on that sheet was to become Google‘s first Business Unit general manager, which sounds good now, but at the time no one thought consumer internet companies could ever make money.I was not sure there was actually a job there at all;Google had no business units, so what was there to generally manage? And the job was several levels lower than jobs I was being offered at other companies.So I sat down with Eric Schmidt, who had just become the CEO, and I showed him the spreadsheet and I said, this job meets none of my criteria.He put his hand on my spreadsheet and he looked at me and said, ―Don‘t be an idiot.‖

EXCELLENT CAREER ADVICE: ‗GET ON A ROCKET SHIP‘

Excellent career advice.And then he said, ―Get on a rocket ship.When companies are growing quickly and having a lot of impact, careers take care of themselves.And when companies aren‘t growing quickly or their missions don‘t matter as much, that‘s when stagnation and politics come in.If you‘re offered a seat on a rocket ship, don‘t ask what seat.Just get on.‖

About six and one-half years later, when I was leaving Google, I took that advice to heart.I was offered CEO jobs at a bunch of companies, but I went to Facebook as COO.At the time people said, why are you going to work for a 23-year-old?

THE METAPHOR FOR A CAREER IS NO LONGER A LADDER;IT‘S A JUNGLE GYM

The traditional metaphor for careers is a ladder, but I no longer think that metaphor holds.It just doesn‘t make sense in a less hierarchical world.When I was first at Facebook, a woman named Lori Goler, a 1997 graduate of HBS, was working in marketing at eBay and I knew her a bit socially.She called me and said, ―I want to talk with you about coming to work with you at Facebook.So I thought about calling you and telling you all the things I‘m good at and all the things I like to do.But I figured that everyone is doing that.So instead I want to know what‘s your biggest problem and how can I solve it?‖

My jaw hit the floor.I‘d hired thousands of people up to that point in my career, but no one had ever said anything like that.I had never said anything like that.Job searches are always about the job searcher, but not in Lori‘s case.I said, ―You‘re hired.My biggest problem is recruiting and you can solve it.‖ So Lori changed fields into something she never thought she‘d do, went down a level to start in a new field.She has since been promoted and runs all of People Operations at Facebook and is doing an extraordinary job.Lori has a great metaphor for careers.She says they‘re not a ladder, they‘re a jungle gym.LOOK FOR GROWTH, IMPACT AND MISSION.MOVE SIDEWAYS, DOWN, ON AND OFF

As you start your post-HBS career, look for opportunities, look for growth, look for impact, look for mission.Move sideways, move down, move on, move off.Build your skills, not your resume.Evaluate what you can do, not the title they‘re going to give you.Do real work.Take a sales quota, a line role, an ops job.Don‘t plan too much, and don‘t expect a direct climb.If I had mapped out my career when I was sitting where you are, I would have missed my career.You are entering a different business world than I entered.Mine was just starting to get connected.Yours is hyper-connected.Mine was competitive.Yours is way more competitive.Mine moved quickly, yours moves even more quickly.As traditional structures are breaking down, leadership has to evolve as well – from hierarchy to shared responsibility, from command and control to listening and guiding.You‘ve been trained by this great institution not just to be part of these trends, but to lead.As you lead in this new world, you will not be able to rely on who you are or the degree you hold.You‘ll have to rely on what you know.Your strength will not come from your place on some org chart, but from building trust and earning respect.You‘re going to need talent, skill, and imagination and vision.But more than anything else, you‘re going to need the ability to communicate authentically, to speak so that you inspire the people around you and to listen so that you continue to learn each and every day on the job.‘MOMMY, WHAT IS GROWING IN YOUR BUTT?‘

If you watch young children, you‘ll immediately notice how honest they are.My friend Betsy from my section a few years after business school was pregnant with her second child.Her first child was about five and said, ―Mommy, where is the baby?‖ She said, ―The baby is in my tummy.‖ He said, ‗Aren‘t the baby‘s arms in your arms?‖ She said, ―No, the baby‘s in my tummy.‖ ―Are the baby‘s legs in your legs?‖ ―No, the whole baby is in my tummy.‖ Then he said, ‗Then Mommy, what is growing in your butt?‖

As adults, we are never this honest.And that‘s not a bad thing.I have borne two children and the last thing I needed were those comments.But it‘s not always a good thing either.Because all of us, and especially leaders, need to speak and hear the truth.The workplace is an especially difficult place for anyone to tell the truth, because no matter how flat we want our organizations to be, all organizations have some form of hierarchy.This means that one person‘s performance is assessed by someone else‘s perception.This is not a setup for honesty.Think about how people speak in a typical workforce.Rather than say, ―I disagree with our expansion strategy‖ or better yet, ―this seems truly stupid.‖ They say, ―I think there are many good reasons why we‘re entering this new line of business, and I‘m certain the management team has done a thorough ROI analysis, but I‘m not sure we have fully considered the downstream effects of taking this step forward at this time.‖ As we would say at Facebook, three letters: WTF.‘TRUTH IS BETTER USED BY USING SIMPLE LANGUAGE‘

Truth is better used by using simple language.Last year, Mark decided to learn Chinese and as part of studying, he would spend an hour or so each week with some of our employees who were native Chinese speakers.One day, one of them was trying to tell him something about her manager.She said this long sentence and he said, ―simpler please.‖ And then she said it again and he said, ―no, I still don‘t understand, simpler please‖…and so on and so on.Finally, in sheer exasperation, she burst out, ―my manager is bad.‖ Simple and clear and very important for him to know.People rarely speak this clearly in the workforce or in life.And as you get more senior, not only will people speak less clearly to you but they will overreact to the small things you say.When I joined Facebook, one of the things I had to do was build the business side of the company and put some systems into place.But I wanted to do it without destroying the culture that made Facebook great.So one of the things I tried to do was encourage people not to do formal PowerPoint presentations for meetings with me.I would say things like, ―Don‘t do PowerPoint presentations for meetings with me.Instead, come in with a list of what you want to discuss.‖ But everyone ignored me and they kept doing their presentations meeting after meeting, month after month.So about two years in, I said, ―OK, I hate rules but I have a rule: no more PowerPoint in my meetings.‖

About a month later I was about to speak to our global sales team on a big stage and someone came up to me and said, ―Before you get on that stage, you really should know everyone‘s pretty upset about the no PowerPoint with clients thing.‖ So I got on the stage and said, ―one, I meant no PowerPoint with me.But two, more importantly, next time you hear something that‘s really stupid, don‘t adhere to it.Fight it or ignore it, even if it‘s coming from me or Mark.‖

A good leader recognizes that most people won‘t feel comfortable challenging authority, so it falls upon authority to encourage them to question.It‘s easy to say that you‘re going to encourage feedback but it‘s hard to do, because unfortunately it doesn‘t always come in a format we want to hear.‘BEING PART OF MY TEAM MEANT THAT I HAD TO KNOW YOU‘

When I first started at Google, I had a team of four people and it was really important to me that I interview everyone.For me, being part of my team meant I had to know you.When the team had grown to about 100 people, I realized it was taking longer to schedule my interviews.So one day at my meeting of just my direct reports, I said ―maybe I should stop interviewing‖, fully expecting them to jump in and say ―no, your interviews are a critical part of the process.‖ They applauded.Then they fell over themselves explaining that I was the bottleneck of all time.I was embarrassed.Then I was angry and I spent a few hours just quietly fuming.Why didn‘t they tell me I was a bottleneck? Why did they let me go on slowing them down? Then I realized that if they hadn‘t told me, it was my fault.I hadn‘t convinced them that I wanted that feedback and I would have to change that going forward.When you‘re the leader, it is really hard to get good and honest feedback, no many how many times you ask for it.One trick I‘ve discovered is that I try to speak really openly about the things I‘m bad at, because that gives people permission to agree with me, which is a lot easier than pointing it out in the first place.To take one of many possible examples, when things are unresolved I can get a tad anxious.Really, when anything‘s unresolved, I get anxious.I‘m quite certain no one has accused me of being too calm.So I speak about it openly and that gives people permission to tell me when it‘s happening.But if I never said anything, would anyone who works at Facebook walk up to me and say, ―Hey Sheryl, calm down.You‘re driving us all nuts!‖ I don‘t think so.‘WHEN YOU GET HONESTY BACK, WILL YOU REACT WITH ANGER OR WITH GRATITUDE?‘

As you graduate today, ask yourself, how will you lead.Will you use simple and clear language? Will you seek out honesty? When you get honesty back, will you react with anger or with gratitude?

As we strive to be more authentic in our communication, we should also strive to be more authentic in a broader sense.I talk a lot about bringing your whole self to work—something I believe in deeply.Motivation comes from working on things we care about.But it also comes from working with people we care about.And in order to care about someone, you have to know them.You have to know what they love and hate, what they feel, not just what they think.If you want to win hearts and minds, you have to lead with your heart as well as your mind.I don‘t believe we have a professional self from Mondays through Fridays and a real self for the rest of the time.That kind of division probably never worked, but in today‘s world, with real and authentic voice, it makes even less sense.CRYING AT WORK: YES, SHE‘S DONE IT BUT NOT EXACTLY ON ZUCKERBERG‘S SHOULDER

I‘ve cried at work.I‘ve told people I‘ve cried at work.And it‘s been reported in the press that ‗Sheryl Sandberg cried on Mark Zuckerberg‘s shoulder‘, which is not exactly what happened.I talk about my hopes and fears and ask people about theirs.I try to be myself – honest about my strengths and weaknesses – and I encourage others to do the same.It is all professional and it is all personal, all at the very same time.I recently started speaking up about the challenges women face in the workforce, something I only had the courage to do in the last few years.Before this, I did my career like everyone else does it.I never told anyone I was a girl.Don‘t tell.I left the lights on when I went home to do something for my kids.I locked my office door and pumped milk for my babies while I was on conference calls.People would ask, ―what‘s that sound?‖ I would say, ―What sound?‖ ―I hear a beep.‖ ―Oh, there‘s a fire truck outside my office.‖

But the lack of progress over the past decade has convinced me we need to start talking about this.I graduated from HBS in 1995 and I thought it was completely clear that by the time someone from my year was invited to speak at this podium, we would have achieved equality in the workforce.But women at the top — C-level jobs — are stuck at 15-16 percent and have not moved in a decade.Not even close to 50% and no longer growing.We need to acknowledge openly that gender remains an issue at the highest levels of leadership.The promise of equality is not equality.We need to start talking about this.‘AS A WOMAN IS MORE SUCCESSFUL IN YOUR WORKPLACES, SHE WILL BE LESS LIKED‘

We need to start talking about how women underestimate their abilities compared to men and how for women, but not men, success and likeability are negatively correlated.That means that as a woman is more successful in your workplaces, she will be less liked.This means that women need a different form of management and mentorship, a different form of sponsorship and encouragement than men.There aren‘t enough senior women out there to do it, so it falls upon the men who are graduating today just as much or more as the women, not just to talk about gender but to help these women succeed.When they hear a woman is really great at her job but not liked, take a deep breath and ask why.We need to start talking openly about the flexibility all of us need to have both a job and a life.A couple of weeks ago in an interview I said that I leave the office at 5:30 p.m.to have dinner with my children.I was shocked at the press coverage.One of my friends said I couldn‘t get more headlines if I had murdered someone with an ax.This showed me this is an unresolved issue for all of us, men and women alike.Otherwise, everyone would not write so much about it.‘WE NEED MORE WOMEN NOT JUST TO SIT AT THE TABLE, BUT TO TAKE THEIR RIGHTFUL SEATS‘

And maybe, most importantly, we need to start talking about how fewer women than men, even from places like HBS, even likely in this class, aspire to the very top jobs.We will not close the leadership gap until we close the professional ambition gap.We need more women not just to sit at the table, but as President Obama said a few weeks ago at Barnard, to take their rightful seats at the head of the table.One of the reasons I was so excited to be here today is that this is the 50th anniversary of letting women into this school.Dean Noria, who is so passionate about getting more women into leadership positions, told me that he wanted me to speak this year for that reason.I met a woman from that first class once.She told me that when they first came in, they took a men‘s room and converted it to a woman‘s room.But they left the urinals in.She thought the message was clear – ‗we are not sure this whole woman thing is going to work out and if not, we don‘t want to have to reinstall the urinals.‘ The urinals are long gone.Let‘s make sure that no one ever misses them.FOUR THINGS SANDBERG WISHES FOR HARVARD‘S GRADUATING CLASS OF 2012

As you and your classmates spread out across the globe and walk across this stage tomorrow, I wish for you four things:

First, keep in touch via Facebook.This is critical to your future success!And since we‘re public now, why you are there, click on an ad or two.Two, that you make the effort to speak as well as seek the truth.Three, that you remain true to and open about your authentic self.And four, that your generation accomplishes what mine has failed to do.Give us a world where half our homes are run by men and half our institutions are run by women.I‘m pretty sure that would be a better world.I join everyone here in offering my most sincere congratulations to the HBS Class of 2012.Give yourselves a huge round of applause.

第四篇：sheryl sandberg 名人介绍 雪莉 桑德伯格

Good afternoon, everyone.I’m going to introduce Sheryl Sandberg.She is an American business woman who was born in Washington DC, graduated from Harvard.She is chief operating officer at face book, also the first woman to serve on Face book's board.And before face book, she worked for google as vice president.It seems that she’s a typically successful super woman works for amazing company.But the interesting thing is when she first joined google and face book many years ago these two companies were not as good as they are now.In 2001, after leaving government, one of the offers she got was to become the first business unit general manager in google which sound really good today.But at that time, google was young.It had no business unit and no one thought google can ever make money and the job was several levels lower than the jobs she was being offered by other companies.But she chose google, because she thought no matter what the situation it is, the prospect, the mission, the roles are the things that matter, when companies are growing quickly and having a lot of impact, careers take care of themselves.About six and an half years later, when she was leaving google.she got bunches offers from many companies.She chose face book to be a coo, at that time people said, why are you going to work for a 23-year-old? Because prospect, missions,and roles are the things that really important.In her speech at Havard graduate ceremony, she told the graduates that they should look for opportunities, look for growth, look for impact, look for mission.No matter what the situation it is now, don’t think too much, don’t plan too much.what we should do is to build our skills, instead of our resume.Evaluate what we can do, not the title they’re going to give us.Do real work.Sheryl Sandberg wrote a book called lean in, she told a interesting story at the very beginning.When she was first pregnant in 2004, she felt really uncomfortable.One morning, after vomiting in the toilet for a long time, she was hurried driving car to meet an important client, the parking space she could find is usually faraway ,so she had to rush through the huge parking lot to the google office building in a pregnant woman speed.She felt so uncomfortable that she prayed she would not vomit again during the conference.Then she realized it’s necessary to set a special parking space for pregnant women.So the second day, she rushed to the founder’s office, and announce loudly that google need special pregnant women parking space as soon as possible.Of course the founder agreed immediately, because it’s a reasonable and humanized request.After solving this problem, she began to think, obviously she is not the first pregnant woman in google, but why she’s the first one to report the situation, why they chose to endure uncomfortableness, the swollen feet, the inconvenience, if there were someone report their what they need,the situation maybe different.It’s a truly reasonable requirement.If we need some change,at least one of us should stand out and say aloud, clearly and honestly.this book is to encourage women to peruse what they want in workforce.

第五篇：雪莉·桑德伯格 哈佛大学2014毕业典礼演讲

雪莉·桑德伯格 哈佛大学2014毕业典礼演讲

Congratulations everyone, you made it.And I don’t mean to the end of college, I mean to class day, because if memory serves, some of your classmates had too many scorpion bowls at the Kong last night and are with us today.Given the weather, the one thing Harvard hasn’t figured out how to control, some of your other classmates are at someplace warm with a hot cocoa, so you have many reasons to feel proud of yourself as you sit here today.Congratulations to your parents.You have spent a lot of money, so your child can say she went to a “small school” near Boston.And thank you to the class of 2014 for inviting me to the part of your celebration.It means a great to me.And looking at the list of past speakers was a little daunting.I can’t be as funny as Amy Poehler, but I’m gonna be funnier than Mother Teresa.25 years ago, a man named Dave I did not know at the time but who would one day become my husband was sitting where you are sitting today.23 years ago, I was sitting where you are sitting today.Dave and I are back this weekend with our amazing son and daughter to celebrate his reunion, and we both share the same sentiment, Harvard has a good basketball team.Standing here in the yard brings memories flooding back for me.I arrived here from Miami in the fall of 1987, with big hopes and even bigger hear.I was assigned to live in one of Harvard’s historic monuments to great architecture, canady.My go-to outfit, and I’m not making this up, was a jean skirt, white leg warmers and sneakers and a Florida sweater, because my parents who were here with me then as they’re here with me now, told me everyone would think it was awesome that I was from Florida.At least we didn’t have Instagram.For me, Harvard was a series of firsts.My first winner coat, we needn’t need those in Miami.My first 10page paper, they didn’t assign those in my high school.My first C, after which my proctor told me that she was on the admissions committee, and I got admitted to Harvard for my personality not my academic potential.The first person I ever met from boarding school.I thought that was our really troubled kids.The first person I ever met who shares the name with a whole building, or so I met when the first classmate I met was Sarah Widdlesworth, who bore no relation at all to the dorm, which would have been nice to know with that very intimidating moment.But then I went on to meet others, Francis Strauss, James wells, Jessica science center B.My first love, my first heartbreak, the first time I realized that I love to learn, and the first and very last time I saw anyone read anything in Latin.When I sat in your seat all those years ago, I knew exactly where I was headed, I had it all planned out, I was going to the world bank to work on global poverty.The I would go to law school.And I would spend my life working in a nonprofit or in a government.At Harvard’s commencement tomorrow as your dean described, each school is gonna stand up and graduate together, the college, the law school, the med school and so on.At my graduation, my class cheered for the PHD students and then booed the business school.Business school seemed like such a sellout.18 months later, I applied to business school.It wasn’t wrong about what I would do decades after graduating.I had it wrong a year and a half later.And even if I could have predicted I would one day work in the private sector, I never could have predicted Facebook, because there was no internet, and Mark Zuckerberg was at elementary school, already wearing his hoody.Not locking into a path too early, give me an opportunity to go into a new and life changing field.And for those of you who think I owe everything to good luck, after Canaday I got Quaded.There is no straight path from your seat today to where you are going.Don’t try to draw that line.You will not just get it wrong.You will miss big opportunities and I mean big ,like the internet.Careers are not ladders.Those days are long gone, but jungle gyms.Don’t just move up and down.Don’t just look up.Look backwards, sideways, around corners.Your career and your life will have starts and stops and zigs and zags.Don’t stress out about the white space, the path you can try, because there in lives both the surprises and the opportunities.As you open yourself up to possibility, the most important thing I can tell you today is to open yourself up to honesty, to telling the truth to each other, to be honesty to yourselves, and to be honest about the world we live in.If you watched children, you will immediately notice how honest they are.My friend besty was pregnant and her son for the second child, son Sam was 5, he wanted to know where the baby was in her body.So yes mommy, are the babies arms in your arms? And she said, no no sam, baby’s in my tummy, whole baby.Mom ,are the baby’s legs in your legs? No, sam, whole baby’s in my tummy.Then mommy, what’s growing in your butt? As adults, we are almost never dishonest and that can be a very good thing, When I was pregnant with our first child, I asked my husband Dave if my butt was getting big.At first, he didn’t answer but I pressed.So he said, yea, a little.For years my sister-in-low said him what people will now say about you for the rest of your life when you do something done, and that guy went to Harvard.Hearing the truth at different times along the way would have helped me.I would not have admitted it easily when I sat where you sit.But when I graduated, I was much more worried about my love life than my career.I thought I only had a few years very limited time to find one of the good guys, before he was to , or before they were all taken, or I get too old.So I moved to DC, and met the guy, and I got married at the nearly decrepit age of 24.I married a wonder a wonderful man, but I had no business making that kind of commitmer.I didn’t know who I was or who I wanted to be.My marriage fell apart within a year, something that was really embarrassing and painful at the time, and it did not help that so many friends came up to me and said:”I never knew that, never thought that was going to work or I knew you weren’t right for each other.No one had managed to say anything like that to me before I marched down an aisle when it would have been far more useful.And as I lived through these painful months of separation and divorce, boy, did I wish the had? And boy, did I wish I had asked them? At the same time in my professional life, someone did speak up.My first boss out of college was Lant Prichett, an economist who teaches at the kennedy School who is here with us today, after I deferred to law school for the second time.Lant sat down and said I don’t think you should go to law school at all, I don’t think you want to go to law school.I think you should because you told your parents you would many years ago.He noted that he had never once heard me talk about the law with any interest.I know how hard it can be to be honest with each other, even your closest friends, even when they’re about to make serious mistakes, but I bet sitting here today, you know your closest friends’ strength, weeknesses, what cliff they might drive off, and I bet for the most part you’ve never told them, and they never asked.Ask them.Ask them for the truth because it will help you.And when the answer honestly, you know that that’s what makes them real friends.Asking for feedback is a really important habit to get into, as you leave the structure of the school calendar and exams and grades behind.On many jobs if you want to know how you’re doing, if you’re going to have to ask and then you’re gonna have to listen without getting defensive.Take it from me, listening to criticism is never fun, but it’s the only way we can improve.A few years ago, Mark Zuckerberg decided he wanted to learn Chinese, and in order to practice he started trying to have work meetings with some of Facebook colleagues who are native speakers.Now you would think his very limited language skills would keep these conversations from being useful.One day he asked a woman who was there, how it was going, how did you choose the facebook.She answered with a long and pretty complicated sentence.So he said simpler please.She spoke again.Simpler please.This went back and forth a couple of times.So she is blurted out in frustration, my manager is bad.That he understood.So often the truth is sacrificed to conflict avoidance, or by the time we speak the truth ,we’ve used so many caveats and preambles that the message totally gets lost.So I ask you to ask each other for the truth and other people: can you list it in simple and clear language? And when you speak your truth, can you use simple and clear language? As hard as it is to be honest with orther people.It can be even more difficult to be honest with ourselves.For years after I had children, I would say pretty often I don’t feel guilty working even when no one asked.Someone might say, sherly, how’s your day today? And I would say, great I don’t feel guilty working.Or do I need a sweater? Yes ,it’s unpredictably freezing and I don’t feel guilty woring.I was kinda like a parrot with issues.Then one day on the treadmill, I was reading this article on Sociology Journal.about how people don’t start out lying to other people, they start out lying to themselves, and the things we repeat most frequently are often those lies.So the sweat was pouring down my face.I started wondering what do I repeat pretty frequently, and I realized I feel guilty working.I then did a lot of research, and I spent an entire year with my dear friend Neil Scovell writing a book talking about how I was thinking and feeling., and I’m so grateful that so many women around the world connected to it.My book of course was called Fify Shades of Grey.I can see a lot of you connected to it as well.We have even more work to do in being honest about the world we live in.We don’t always see the hard truths, and once we see them, we don’t always have the courage to speak out.When my classmates and I were in college, we thought that fight for gender equally was one that was over.Sure, most of the leaders in every industry were men, but we thought changing that was just a matter of time.Lamont library right over there, one generation before us didn’t let women through its doors.But by the time we sat in your seat, everything was equal, Harvard and Radcliffe was fully integrated.We didn’t need feminism because we were already equals.We were wrong.I was wrong.The word was not equal then and it is not equal now.I think nowadays, we don’t just hide ourselves from the hard truth and shut our eyes to the inequities, but we suffer from the tyranny of low expectations.In the last election cycle in the united states, women won 20% of the senate seats, and all the headlines started screaming out: women take over the Senate.I felt like screaming back, wait a minute everyone.50% of the population getting 20% of the seats.That’s not a takeover.That’s an embarrassment.Just a few months ago this year, a very well respected and well-know business executives in Silicon Valley invited me to give a speech to his club on social media.I’ve been to this club a few months before when I have been invited for a friend’s birthday.It was a beautiful building and I was wandering around looking at it, looking for the women's room, when a staff member informed me very firmly that the ladies' room was over there and I should be sure not to go up stairs because women are never allowed in this building.I didn't realize I was in an all-male club until that minute.I spent the rest of the night wondering what I was doing there wondering what everyone else was doing there, wondering if any of my friends in San Francisco would invite me, a party at a club that didn't allow Blacks or Jews or Asians or gays.Being invited to give a business speech at this club, hit me even more egregious because you couldn't claim that it was only social business that was done there.My first thought was, “Really?” Really.A year after Lean In this dude thought it was a good idea to invite me to give a speech to his literal all-boys club.And he wasn't alone, there is an entire committee of well respected businessman who joined him in issuing this kind invitation.To paraphrase Groucho Marx, and don't worry, I won't try to do the voice I don't want to speak in any club that won't have me as a member.So I said no,and I did it in a way I probably wouldn't have even 5 years before.I wrote a long and passionate email, arguing that they should change their policies.They thanked me for my prompt response and wrote that perhaps things will eventually change.Our expectations are too low.Eventually needs to become immediately.We need to see the truth and speak the truth.We tolerate discrimination and we pretend that opportunity is equal.Yes we elected an African-American president, but racism is pervasive still.Yes, there are women who run Fortune 500 companies, 5 percent to be precise, but our road there is still paved with words like pussy and bossy, while our male peers are leaders and results focused.African-American women have to prove that they're not angry.Latinos risk being branded fiery hot head.A group of Asian-American women and men in Facebook wore pins one day that said I may or may not be good enough.Yes, Harvard has a woman president, and in two years, the United States may have a woman president.But in order to get there, Hillary Clinton is gonna have to overcome 2 very real obstacles, unknown and often ununderstood gender bias, and even worse, a degree from Yale.You can challenge stereotypes that's subtle and obvious.At Facebook, we have posters around the wall to inspire us, Done is better than perfect, Fortune favors the bold.What would you do if you weren't afraid? My new favorite nothing at Facebook is someone else's problem.I hope you feel that way about the problems you see in the world., because they are not someone else's problem.Gender inequality harms men along with women.Racism hurts Whites along with Minorities.And the lack of equal opportunity keeps all of us from failing our true potential.So as you graduate today, I want to put some pressure on you, I want to put some pressure on you to acknowledge the hard truths, not shy away from them, and when you see them to address them.The first time I spoke out about what it was like to be a woman in the workforce was less than five years ago.That means that for 18 years from where you sit to where I stand, my silence implied that everything was okay.You can do better than I did.And I mean that so sincerely.At the same time, I want to take some pressure off you, Sitting here today you don't have to know what career you want or how to get the career you might want.Leaning in does not mean your path will be straight or smooth and most people who make great contribution start way later than Mark Zuckerberg.Find a jungle gym you want to play and start climbing, not only will you figure out what you want to do eventually, but once you do, you'll crush it.Looking at you all here today, I'm filled with hope.All of you who were admitted to a “small school” near Boston, either for your academic potential or your personality or both, you've had your first, whether it's a winter coat, a love or a C, you've learned more about who you are and who you want to be.And most importantly, you've experienced the power of community, you know that while you are extraordinary on your own, we are all stronger and can be louder together.I know that you will never forget Harvard, and Harvard will never forget you, especially during the next fundraising drive.Tomorrow, you all become part of a lifelong community, which offers truly great opportunity, and therefore comes with real obligation.You can make the world fair for everyone, expect honesty from yourself and each other, demand and create truly equal opportunity, not eventually, but now.And tomorrow by the way, you get something Mark Zuckerberg does not have, a Harvard degree.Congratulations, everyone!

祝贺所有人，你们做到了。

我指的不是大学毕业，而是成功出席今天的毕业典礼。如果我们记错，某些同学虽然昨晚在香港餐厅喝了太多蝎子碗调酒，但今天还是来了。

由于天气，这种哈佛还没有弄清楚如何控制的现象，还有同学正在温暖的地方喝热可可饮料，所以，你们有很多为今天出席毕业日活动感到自豪的理由。

祝贺你们的家长，你们花了很多钱，让子女能够说自己是从波士顿附近的这所“小学校“毕业的。还要感谢2014届毕业生邀请我来到这次盛典。这对我价值巨大。看到过往演讲者的名单让人有些敬畏。我肯定没有艾米·波乐那么搞笑，但我至少比特雷萨修女更幽默。

25年前，一个我当时还不认识，但以后会成为我丈夫的男人戴夫，坐在你们现在坐的地方。23年前，我坐在你们现在坐的地方。戴夫和我这周末，带着可爱的子女回校。我们都怀有相同的感触：哈佛的篮球队太棒了！

站在校园中，回忆泉涌。19876年秋天，我从迈阿密来到这里，怀揣着伟大的梦想，还有更夸张的发型。我被分配到哈佛伟大建筑的一座历史丰碑，卡纳迪楼，我是说真的，我当时穿着牛仔裙，白色暖腿袜套，运动鞋，还有一件弗罗里达羊毛衫。因为当时我的父母告诉我，所有人都会人为来自弗罗里达的人很酷。至少，我们那时没有Instagram。

对我而言，哈佛给了我很多第一次，包括我的第一件冬装，在迈阿密没人需要冬装。我的第一份10页论文，高中没人会布置这么长的作业，我第一次得C，这之后，我的学监告诉我说，她在招生委员会，她招我进来不是因为我的学术潜能，而是因为我的品性。我在寄宿学校看到的第一个人，我就觉得这个人会是个大麻烦。我还碰到了第一个名字同整座建筑一样的人，这个人的名字叫做萨拉·威格尔斯沃斯，她和那栋宿舍楼没有关系，当时我很震惊，知道她和宿舍楼没有关系后，我松了一口气。之后，我还碰到了其他人，弗朗西斯·斯特劳斯，詹姆斯·威尔斯，杰西卡科学中心B。我第一位爱人，第一位让我心碎的人，我第一次认识到自己热爱学习，第一次也是最后一次遇到有人在读拉丁文。

我毕业那年，我想好了自己以后有什么计划，我要进世界银行，对抗全球贫穷，然后我要去法学院，然后我将在非营利机构或政府工作，你们院长也讲了，在明天的哈佛毕业典礼上，每个学院都要起立并一同毕业，本科部吗、法学院、医学院等等。我毕业时，我们班为博士生欢呼，然后嘘了商学院，商学院似乎很不受欢迎。18个月后，我就申请了商学院。

我对自己毕业后的数十年规划其实并没错，计划只错在了一年后，就算我算到了自己会在私营企业工作，我肯定算不到自己会在脸谱，那时候没有互联网。那时候马克·扎克伯格还在读小学，已经开始穿他的标志性帽衫了。没有太早锁死自己的道路，让我有机会进入改变生活的全新领域。有些人可能认为我运气好，我想说，卡纳迪楼后，我又被安排到了方院。

从你们所坐的地方倒你们要去的地方是没有直路的，不要尝试画这样的直线，这不仅会出错，还会错失大机遇，我说的是大机遇，例如像互联网这样。

职业不是梯子，那种时代一去不返了，职业更像是立体方格铁架，不要只上下移动，不要只往上看，还要往回看，往旁边看，看转角周围。你的职业和生活会有始终，会有曲折，不要对未来的道路太过忧虑，因为生活中充满了惊喜和机遇，你需要对各种可能性持开放态度。今天我要讲的最重要的一点就是，对诚实保持开放的态度。相互之间说老实话，对自己诚实，也对我们所生活的世界诚实。

看看身边的孩子，你就知道他们有多诚实，我朋友贝琪怀孕后，她五岁的儿子山姆想知道宝宝在她身体里的什么地方。他问，妈妈，宝宝的胳膊在你的胳膊里吗？她说，不是，整个宝宝在我的肚子里。他又问，妈妈，宝宝的腿在你的腿里吗？她回答，不山姆，整个宝宝在我的肚子里。然后，山姆问道，那你的屁股里有什么？ 作为成年人，我们几乎一直很诚实，这是很难得的好事。我怀孕的时候，我问我丈夫我的屁股有没有变大，起初他说没有，但我不断施压，最后，他说，好吧，有一点。

我的小姑子一直说我丈夫，也是你们以后在生活中经常会听到有人说到的：“这家伙竟然是哈佛出来的。”

在人生旅途中，如果听到一些真话会对我很有帮助，我在你们这个年龄的时候，还没有领会到这一点。在我毕业的时候，我对爱情生活的关心大于事业，我认为自己没有什么时间了，必须赶紧找个好男人结婚，以免所有好男人都别人被抢走，或者我太老了。于是，我搬到哥伦毕业特区，在我24岁的时候结婚了。那个男人很不错，但我俩似乎总是相处不好，我变得不知道自己是谁，也不知道未来在哪里。一年不到，我的婚姻以失败告终，当时我非常难堪，非常痛苦。很多朋友来安慰我，但毫无帮助，他们说，我就知道你们俩结婚行不通，我就知道你们俩不合适。没有人在我婚姻之前跟我说这些，事前告诉我这些肯定会更有用。

我熬过了离婚后的这些痛苦时光，我多希望他们原来有给过我建议，我多希望我曾经问过他们。而在我的职业生涯中，确实有人毫无保留地说出了实话。本科后，我的第一任老板是兰特·普利切特，肯尼迪学院授课的一位经济学家，他今天也在现场。我第二次考虑法学院时，兰特跟我说，我不认为你应该去法学院，我也不认为你想去法学院。你认为自己应该去，大概只是你父母一直以来的要求。他注意到，我在谈话中从未表现出对法律的任何兴趣。

我知道 相互之间坦诚相见有多么难，哪怕最亲密的朋友，哪怕是在他们可能犯严重错误的时候，不过我敢打赌，在座的各位知道自己亲密朋友的强项和弱项，知道他们可能掉落在哪个悬崖。我也敢打赌，大部分时候，你们并没有告诉他们，他们也从没问过。去问这些问题，真相会越问越明。朋友城市回答时，你就知道他们是你真正的朋友了。

养成寻求反馈的习惯非常重要，特别是在离开学校系统，没了考试和分数之后。很多工作中，如果你想知道自己干得怎么样，你就需要去询问，而且不要因为听到不喜欢听的而觉得受到冒犯。毫无疑问，听人批评绝对不会让人高兴，但我们只能在批评中进步。

几年前，马克·扎克伯格决定要学中文。为了练习，他开始尝试在一些工作会议中，同中文母语同事交流。你们估计可以想到，他那有限的中文水平，会让谈话很难正常进行。一天，他问一位女性，在脸谱工作怎么样。她用了一个很长很复杂的句子回答。他说，请简单些。她又说了一次。再简单些。经过几次后，她只好说了一句很简单的话“我的经理很糟糕。”他听懂了。

通常，真相都成了避免冲突的牺牲品。我们在讲真相时，总喜欢使用很多修饰，很多委婉语，淹没了真正要传达的信息。我希望你们在向他人询问真相的时候，能用简单明了的语言相互交流。讲到自己的真相时，也应使用简单明了的语言。

同他人坦诚相见很困难，坦诚对待自己的想法甚至更难。我有了小孩后，经常会和自己说，我对工作并不感到内疚，哪怕没有人问我的时候。有人跟我说，雪莉，今天过得如何。我会说，很棒，我对工作并不感到内疚。有人说，我需要一件羊毛衫吗？我说，没错，外面很冷，我对工作并不感到内疚。我就像一只学舌的鹦鹉。

有天，我在跑步机上，正在读社会学杂志上的论文。上面写道，相比对他人撒谎，人们更喜欢对自己撒谎，而重复最多的那些话，通常就是谎言。

我脸上汗如雨下，心想，我重复最多的一句话是什么，我意识到了，我对工作感到内疚，我做了大量的研究，我同好友内尔·斯克维尔花了一整年的时间，写了一本书，讲我的想法和感受。世界上很多女性都同它产生了共鸣，这让我很欣慰。我的书名叫做《格雷的五十道阴影》，可见，你们很多人也都读过这本书。

对于我们所生活的世界保持诚实，我们还有很多要做。我们并不总能看到真相，就算看到了，我们经常也没有大声说出的勇气。

我和同学们在读大学时，认为性格平等的斗争已经结束。没错，大部分行业的领袖都是男性，但改变应该只是时间的问题。那边的拉蒙特图书馆，就在我们之前一代人的时间里，不允许女性进入，但在我们毕业那时，一切都平等了。哈佛和拉德克里夫完全统一了。

我们不需要女权主义，因为我们已经得到了平等。我们错了，我错了，世界在那时并不平等，现在也不平等。我认为现如今，我们并不只是假装没看到真相，并对不平等视而不见，我们还在遭受低预期的践踏。

今年，就在几个月前，硅谷一位很受人尊重的知名商业经理人，邀请我到他的社交媒体俱乐部发表演讲。几个月之前，我去过这家俱乐部。一位朋友过生日邀我去的。建筑很漂亮，我在里面游荡。欣赏她，找卫生间。结果一位员工很肯定的告诉我，女卫生间在那里，我务必不要上楼去，因为女性不允许进入这座建筑，我直到这时才意识到自己来到了一家全男性俱乐部。

剩下的整个晚上，我一直都在纳闷，自己来这里做什么，纳闷其他人都在做什么，纳闷旧金山会不会有朋友邀请我去一个不允许黑人，犹太人，亚洲人，或同性恋者的俱乐部派对。被邀请到这家俱乐部做商业演讲，就更让人不爽了，因为这根本就不是单纯的社交活动场所。

我首先想到的是真的吗？真的。《向前一步》出版后一年，这个家伙竟然认为邀请我到一家全男性俱乐部做演讲是一个好主意。他不是一个人，很多备受尊敬的商务人士，都和他一起发出了这份邀请。

我们需要看到真相，讲出真相。我们容忍歧视，假装机会是平等的。没错，我们选举了一位非裔美国人总统。但种族主义仍然无处不在，不错，确实有女性掌握着财富500强企业，准确说是5%。但我们的道路上，充满了母老虎，跋扈老女人这样的恶语。而我们的男性同行却被尊为领袖，被认为成就卓著。

非裔美国女性总需要证明自己没有生气，拉丁裔总被打上暴躁急性子的标签。脸谱有一群亚裔男女，胸口带着牌子说，我有可能不够好。

没错，哈佛有一位女性校长，也许两年后，美国也会迎来首位女总统。但要实现目标，希拉里·克林顿需要克服两大重要障碍，一是未知，通常也未被理解的性别偏见。二是，更糟的，从耶鲁获得的文凭。

你们可以挑战老一套的做法，在脸谱我们会贴海报激励自己，完成重于完美，财富偏爱勇敢者，不要害怕，勇往直前。我最近又喜欢上一条，在脸谱没有别人的问题。我希望你们也能这样看问题，问题没有别人的问题。性别不平等对男性和女性都没有好处，种族主义对白人和少数族裔都是伤害，缺乏平等机会，让我们所有人无法发挥自己的真正潜能。

在你们毕业的今天，我希望给你们一些压力，让你认识到，真相虽然有时难以接受，但很重要。不要逃避，碰到就要勇于面对。我第一次站出来，公开宣扬职场女权主义，仅仅是不到5年前。也就是说，毕业后，我有18年时间都保持着沉默。这种沉默似乎是在说，一切像这样就行了。你们肯定能比我做的更好。我由衷地这样认为。

同时，我也希望给你们减轻一些压力。今天坐在这里的你们，不需要知道自己该如何走上正确的人生道路。“向前一步”并不意味着你的前路将一帆风顺。很多人对世界的重大贡献都远远晚于马克·扎克伯格。找到你想爬的立体方格铁架，并开始攀爬。你最终会找到你想做的事情，并最终获得成功。

看到今天的你们，让我充满了希望。你们所有人都被录取到波士顿附近的这所“小学校”，也许由于学术潜质，也许由于个人品性。你们经历第一次穿冬装，第一次恋爱，或第一次C。你们更加了解自己是谁，以及自己想成为什么。还有最重要的，你们体会到了团结的力量。你们知道，虽然你们每个人都很出色，但团结起来，你们将会更强，并能发出更大的声音。

我知道，你们永远不会忘记哈佛，哈佛也不会忘记你们，特别是在下次募捐的时候。明天，你们都将步入社会，这是一生的旅途，途中会碰到很好的机遇，也会有很重大的责任，你们能够让世界对于每个人更加公平。对自己和他人，你们需要坦诚相待，要求并创造真正平等的机会。不是最终，而是现在。顺便说下，明天你们将获得马克·扎克伯格所没有的东西，一份哈佛学位。祝贺每一位毕业生！