翻译硕士考研汉译英中常见问题(5篇)

时间:2019-05-15 08:45:35下载本文作者:会员上传
简介:写写帮文库小编为你整理了多篇相关的《翻译硕士考研汉译英中常见问题》,但愿对你工作学习有帮助,当然你在写写帮文库还可以找到更多《翻译硕士考研汉译英中常见问题》。

第一篇:翻译硕士考研汉译英中常见问题

凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路!

翻译硕士考研汉译英中常见问题

汉英互译中有很多需要我们理解和注意的事情,尤其在中国传统文化与西方文化间存在很大的差异,所以在汉英互译中存在很多讲究,有一些问题话语我们是不可以单纯的站在一方角度去思考的。跨考小编汇总了关于汉英翻译中常见的需要我们注意的四个问题,希望对大家的备考有所帮助。

一、不够委婉的语气

有时有人讲话比较直率、唐突,直译可能会使人感到不太客气,甚至会失礼。译员应学习委婉说法,在翻译时把握好语气。但为外交斗争需要而使用针锋相对的语言除外。

例1 中国可作为贵国资源性产品的稳定市场,同时中国的许多工业产品可满足贵国市场的需要。直译:Your resource-based products can find a stable market in China and Chinese industrial products can meet the needs of your market.这么直译也许会让人担心,以为我们的工业品要去占领他们的市场。同样的意思可以翻得更客气一些。如:You may find a stable market in China for your primary products and may also get a number of industrial products from China to meet some of your needs.例2 我想向大家介绍一下你们所关心的经济问题。

直译:I wish to talk on China’s economic development in which you are interested.这样翻译,显得讲话者太肯定听众会对他所讲内容感兴趣。尽管讲话者知道听众是有兴趣的,但说得客气一点效果更好。可译为:I would like to brief you on China’s economic development, which might be of interest to you.另外,我们打交道的人大多是上层人士,我们必须学会使用礼貌文雅的语言,否则,会产生距离、反感,从而失去朋友,有损我形象。

1974年,加拿大“白求恩纪念委员会”访华代表团中有一位团员对我接待官员说,我方翻译像警察,原因是那天早晨,翻译到他房间对他说:You have breakfast at 8, get your luggage downstairs at 8:30 and leave here for the airport at 9.OK?语言简单、生硬、不礼貌,给外宾留下了不好的印象。建议对外宾说:Breakfast is at 8.Would you please get your luggage downstairs at 8:30?we are going to leave here for the airport at 9.曾有一位女翻译招呼外宾时,大声喊叫“Hello”而不知道说:“Excuse me”,在宣布事情时总是:Attention please.而不是说:Ladies and Gentlemen, may I have your attention please.结果一位外宾对此感到不快,说:I don’t want to talk to that wild girl.要人帮忙时,我们时常会说:你能告诉我到×××地方怎么走吗?你能说英语吗?等。如果英文译成:Can you tell me how to get to„„?Can you speak English?那将是很不客气的问话。对方会以为你怀疑他的能力。因为英文字can表示能力。

如果改为could,含义就不同了。可以译为:Could you please tell me how to get„„? Do you speak English?一个陌生人问你如何去某地时,你很可能传说:“最好坐公共汽车去。”如将这句话译为You’d better take a bus,听起来不够礼貌。因为You’d better„„这个句型

凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路!

含有You have a duty to do something,或You have an obligation to„的意思。是一种命令语气,常用于晚辈或下属。因此,这样翻译不够礼貌。这句话有许多客气的表达方法。

如:I suggest you take a bus.It might be better to take a bus.Perhaps you might like to take a bus.Why not take a bus? I think the best way is by bus.总之,我们翻译工作者必须学会礼貌用语,委婉表达法。中国驻悉尼总领事段津在谈到对外往的沟通艺术时曾介绍了一些礼貌用语。如:在对别人的意见表示不同看法时可以说:

I have to disagree with you, but I would think„或者Well, there’s a point in what you said, but „对某件事表示不同意见时,可以说:Would it not be better if„请别人帮忙时,可以说:Could you do me a favour, 或者Excuse me ,I have a problem,„等等。在绝别人要求时,可以说:I am afraid it doesn’t work.或者I wonder whether it will work, but I’ll try my best.一些学识渊博、经验丰富的外交官非常善于使用委婉客气的语气来表达不同意见。譬如,一个外国代表团在一次国际会议上,是这样对一个国际会议领导职位侯选人的提名表示不同意见的。他说:“As an experienced Minister with a distinguished record of service, we are confident that he has all the attributes to be an outstanding president of this Conference„but I have to place before you some of the reservations that we have about this nomination.If I may, I will share with you some of our concerns.Such a presidency will be misread by those outside the ILO as signaling that…”

可以译为:他是一位有经验的部长,并做出了出色的成绩。我们相信,他完全具有条件,可以成为一个杰出的会议主席。但是,我不是不陈述我们对于这一提名的保留意见。请允许我向你们谈谈我们所关注的一些问题。这一主席的提名会被国际劳工组织以外的人误解为发出一个„„的信号。”这位团长既清楚地表达了反对意见,但又讲得非常委婉、客气。这些表达方法很值得我们学习、借鉴。

二、不合习惯的说法

不同的民族有不同的习惯和表达方法。一句话,一个词,在一个国家表达的是好意,引起人们好的联想和情感,在另一个国家转达的可能是坏意,引起人们不好的联想和情感。如果翻译不注意,就有可能引起误解或不快。而如果我们注意这些差异,在译文中加以运用,就可以收到较好的效果。在翻译不涉及政治、经济等重要问题,只涉及生活习惯、日常用语时,可以更灵活些,按照译入语的习惯说法表达意思。

1.见面问候

中国人见面时喜欢问:吃过了吗? Have you had breakfast(lunch, supper)?到哪去?Where are you going?这都不是外国人在见面问候时会问的问题。如果见面就问外国人“到哪里”,人家会以为你要了解人家的私事,对你会产生反感。外国人喜欢问:“你好吗?”这句话可以有不少表达方法,如How are you? How do you do ?How have you been doing? Hello!Hey!等。用哪一句来表达你的问候,取决于你与被问候人的关系密切程度。总之,这一类的问候语,直译可能会让人感到莫名其妙,还是按外国人的习惯翻译较好。

2、对病人的问候

中国人喜欢对病人深表同情。但外国人则轻易不愿表现出其弱的一面,对他们表达过分同情的话未必会收到好的效果。例如:中国人在听说一个人生病后可能会说:得知贵体欠佳,深感不安和关切。直译:I was rather disturbed by and concerned about your illness.但这样 2页共2页

凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路!

翻译会使感到病情很重,只能加重病人的顾虑,达不到安慰病人的目的。按照英文的表达习惯,可译为:I am sorry to hear about your illness and wish you a speedy recovery.这样翻译既表达了讲话者的难过心情,又表达了希望病人尽快康复的愿望。

3、对待他人的表扬和感谢

在受到表扬或感谢时,中国人往往比较谦虚,会说:“这没什么。”“这是我应该做的。”或者,“哪里,哪里,我还做得很差。”如果直译:It is nothing.This is my duty.This is what I should do.Well, I have not done very well.There is still much to be improved.所有这些谦恭的话,在外国人听起来,都会显得做作。西方人通常会说:It’s my pleasure.Thank you for your kind words.I feel flattered.翻译这些话时,宜根据西方的习惯来译。

4、迎接外宾时

中国人迎接远道而来的客人时常常会说:“一路上辛苦了。累不累?”You must have been tired after the long flight(journey)而外国人喜欢在别人面前显得年轻、有朝气,不喜欢被人认为体弱,或有疲劳感。因此,上述问候话直译效果不好,可译成:How was the flight? Have you had a pleasant flight?或者You have had a long flight.三、动词使用不当

英语动词往往有其特定的用法。如不熟悉,就会出错。以下仅举两例来说明动词的不同形态、类型。

例1 Welcome 中文中经常会出现,“欢迎某人做某事”的句子,按中文语序翻译这样的句子,往往会出现中式英文。北京长安街两个大饭店门前大牌子上有两条表示欢迎的大标语:“北京欢迎您”、“国际饭店欢迎您”。同时又用英语书写了这两条标语的意思:Beijing Is Waiting for You(北京正等着您)和International Hotel Welcomes You.中国民航赠送的挎包上曾印有中、英文的欢迎词:欢迎乘坐中国民航,Welcome you to fly CAAC.英语中的“欢迎”通常使用”welcome"这个词。

Welcome作动词时有两种形式可用:动词+宾语,动词+宾语+副词短语。习惯上可以译为welcome somebody to somewhere,或welcome to a place.显然上述译法不符合这个英文词的通常表达习惯。应译为:Welcome to Beijing, Welcome to International Hotel 和Welcome to fly CAAC。如要翻译“欢迎贵国工商界人士到中国去投资”,不能译为:We welcome people from the business community of your country to make investment in China.可译为:i)People from the business community here in this country are welcome to make investment in China.或ii)We hope that people from the business community here in this country will go and invest in China.例2 Guide Guide这个字只有两种verb pattern适用它。即:动词+宾语;动词+宾语+副词短语,动词+宾语+副词性小品词。如:“积极引导外资参与企业技改”一句,不能译为:Efforts will be made to guide foreign capital to go to the technological upgrading of enterprises.这不符合guide的习惯用法。它可以译为:Efforts will be made to guide more foreign investment to the technical upgrading of enterprises

四、禁语的译法

任何社会都会有一些要求大家遵循的行为准则。如:公共场合不准吸烟、不准乱扔果皮纸屑、不准大声喧哗等。有些单位还根据本单位情况制定一些规则。如何翻译禁语是需要注意的又一个重要问题。中文禁语比较严肃,用词直截了当,以体现其法律效力。而外国人有时以比较婉转的口吻表达同样的意思。我们应尽量以译入语禁语的习惯表达方式来翻译禁语,并力求简洁。请比较下述两例的两种译法,凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路!

二种译法是建议译文。

例1 禁止拍照 Forbid photograph No Photos 例2 禁止吸烟 Forbid Smoking No Smoking或者Thank you for not smoking.4页共4页

第二篇:翻译硕士考研备考技巧之汉译英中需注意的问题

凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路!

翻译硕士考研备考技巧之汉译英中需注

意的问题

汉英互译中有很多需要我们理解和注意的事情,尤其在中国传统文化与西方文化间存在很大的差异,所以在汉英互译中存在很多讲究,有一些问题话语我们是不可以单纯的站在一方角度去思考的。跨考小编汇总了关于汉英翻译中常见的需要我们注意的四个问题,希望对大家的备考有所帮助。

一、不够委婉的语气

有时有人讲话比较直率、唐突,直译可能会使人感到不太客气,甚至会失礼。译员应学习委婉说法,在翻译时把握好语气。但为外交斗争需要而使用针锋相对的语言除外。

例1 中国可作为贵国资源性产品的稳定市场,同时中国的许多工业产品可满足贵国市场的需要。直译:Your resource-based products can find a stable market in China and Chinese industrial products can meet the needs of your market.这么直译也许会让人担心,以为我们的工业品要去占领他们的市场。同样的意思可以翻得更客气一些。如:You may find a stable market in China for your primary products and may also get a number of industrial products from China to meet some of your needs.例2 我想向大家介绍一下你们所关心的经济问题。

直译:I wish to talk on China’s economic development in which you are interested.这 样翻译,显得讲话者太肯定听众会对他所讲内容感兴趣。尽管讲话者知道听众是有兴趣的,但说得客气一点效果更好。可译为:I would like to brief you on China’s economic development, which might be of interest to you.另外,我们打交道的人大多是上层人士,我们必须学会使用礼貌文雅的语言,否则,会产生距离、反感,从而失去朋友,有损我形象。

1974年,加拿大“白求恩纪念委员会”访华代表团中有一位团员对我接待官员说,我方翻译像警察,原因是那天早晨,翻译到他房间对他说:You have breakfast at 8, get your luggage downstairs at 8:30 and leave here for the airport at 9.OK?语言简单、生硬、不礼貌,给外宾留下了不好的印象。建议对外宾说:Breakfast is at 8.Would you please get your luggage downstairs at 8:30?we are going to leave here for the airport at 9.曾有一位女翻译招呼外宾时,大声喊叫“Hello”而不知道 说:“Excuse me”,在宣布事情时总是:Attention please.而不是说:Ladies and Gentlemen, may I have your attention please.结果一位外宾对此感到不快,说:I don’t want to talk to that wild girl.要人帮忙时,我们时常会说:你能告诉我到×××地方怎么走吗?你能说英语吗?等。如果英文译成:Can you tell me how to get to„„?Can you speak English?那将是很不客气的问话。对方会以为你怀疑他的能力。因为英文字can表示能力。

如果改为could,含义就不同了。可以译 为:Could you please tell me how to get„„? Do you

凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路!

speak English?一个陌生人问你如何去某地时,你很可能传说:“最好坐公共汽车去。”如将这句话译为You’d better take a bus,听起来不够礼貌。因为You’d better„„这个句型含有You have a duty to do something,或You have an obligation to„的意思。是一种命令语气,常用于晚辈或下属。因此,这样翻译不够礼貌。这句话有许多客气的表达方法。

如:I suggest you take a bus.It might be better to take a bus.Perhaps you might like to take a bus.Why not take a bus?

I think the best way is by bus.总之,我们翻译工作者必须学会礼貌用语,委婉表达法。中国驻悉尼总领事段津在谈到对外往的沟通艺术时曾介绍了一些礼貌用语。如:在对别人的意见表示不同看法时可以说:

I have to disagree with you, but I would think„或者Well, there’s a point in what you said, but „对某件事表示不同意见时,可以说:Would it not be better if„请别人帮忙时,可以说:Could you do me a favour, 或者Excuse me ,I have a problem,„等等。在绝别人要求时,可以说:I am afraid it doesn’t work.或者I wonder whether it will work, but I’ll try my best.一些学识渊博、经验丰富的外交官非常善于使用委婉客气的语气来 表达不同意见。譬如,一个外国代表团在一次国际会议上,是这样对一个国际会议领导职位侯选人的提名表示不同意见的。他说:“As an experienced Minister with a distinguished record of service, we are confident that he has all the attributes to be an outstanding president of this Conference„but I have to place before you some of the reservations that we have about this nomination.If I may, I will share with you some of our concerns.Such a presidency will be misread by those outside the ILO as signaling that„”

可以译为:他是一位有经验的部长,并做出了出色的成 绩。我们相信,他完全具有条件,可以成为一个杰出的会议主席。但是,我不是不陈述我们对于这一提名的保留意见。请允许我向你们谈谈我们所关注的一些问题。这一主席的提名会被国际劳工组织以外的人误解为发出一个„„的信号。”这位团长既清楚地表达了反对意见,但又讲得非常委婉、客气。这些表达方法很值得我们 学习、借鉴。

二、不合习惯的说法

不同的民族有不同的习惯和表达方法。一句话,一个词,在一个国家表达的是好意,引起人们好的联想和情感,在另一个国家转达的可能是坏意,引起人们不好的联想和情感。如果翻译不注意,就有可能引起误解或不快。而如果我们注意这些差异,在译文中加以运用,就可以收到较 好的效果。在翻译不涉及政治、经济等重要问题,只涉及生活习惯、日常用语时,可以更灵活些,按照译入语的习惯说法表达意思。1.见面问候

中国人见面时喜欢问:吃过了吗? Have you had breakfast(lunch, supper)?到哪去?Where are you going?这都不是外国人在见面问候时会问的问题。如果见面就问外国人“到哪里”,人家会以为你要了解人家的私事,对你会产生反感。外国人喜欢问:“你好吗?”这句话可以有不少表达方法,如How are you? How do you do ?How have you been doing? Hello!Hey!等。用哪一句来表达你的问候,取决于你与被问候人的关系密切程度。总之,这一类的问候语,直译可能会让人感到莫名其妙,还是按外国人的习惯翻译较 好。

2、对病人的问候

中国人喜欢对病人深表同情。但外国人则轻易不愿表现出其弱的一面,对他们表达过分同情 2 页 共 2 页

凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路!

的话未必会收到好的效果。例如:中国人在听说一个人生病后可能会说:得知贵体欠佳,深感不安和关切。直译:I was rather disturbed by and concerned about your illness.但这样翻译会使感到病情很重,只能加重病人的顾虑,达不到安慰病人的目的。按照英文的表达习惯,可译为:I am sorry to hear about your illness and wish you a speedy recovery.这样翻译既表达了讲话者的难过心情,又表达了希望病人尽快康复的愿望。

3、对待他人的表扬和感谢

在受到表扬或感谢时,中国人往往比较谦虚,会说:“这没什么。”“这是我应该做的。”或者,“哪里,哪 里,我还做得很差。”如果直译:It is nothing.This is my duty.This is what I should do.Well, I have not done very well.There is still much to be improved.所有这些谦恭的话,在外国人听起来,都会显得做作。西方人通常会说:It’s my pleasure.Thank you for your kind words.I feel flattered.翻译这些话时,宜根据西方的习惯来译。

4、迎接外宾时

中国人迎接远道而来的客人时常常会说:“一路上辛苦了。累不累?”You must have been tired after the long flight(journey)而外国人喜欢在别人面前显得年轻、有朝气,不喜欢被人认为体弱,或有疲劳感。因此,上述问候话直译效果不好,可译 成:How was the flight? Have you had a pleasant flight?或者You have had a long flight.三、动词使用不当

英语动词往往有其特定的用法。如不熟悉,就会出错。以下仅举两例来说明动词的不同形态、类型。

例1 Welcome 中文中经常会出现,“欢迎某人做某事”的句子,按中文语序翻译这样的句子,往往会出现中式英文。北京长安街两个大饭店门前大牌子上有两条表示欢迎的大标 语:“北京欢迎您”、“国际饭店欢迎您”。同时又用英语书写了这两条标语的意思:Beijing Is Waiting for You(北京正等着您)和International Hotel Welcomes You.中国民航赠送的挎包上曾印有中、英文的欢迎词:欢迎乘坐中国民航,Welcome you to fly CAAC.英语中的“欢迎”通常使用”welcome"这个词。

Welcome作动词时有两种形式可用:动词+宾语,动词+宾语+副词短语。习惯上可以译为welcome somebody to somewhere,或welcome to a place.显然上述译法不符合这个英文词的通常表达习惯。应译为:Welcome to Beijing, Welcome to International Hotel 和Welcome to fly CAAC。如要翻译“欢迎贵国工商界人士到中国去投资”,不能译为:We welcome people from the business community of your country to make investment in China.可译为:i)People from the business community here in this country are welcome to make investment in China.或ii)We hope that people from the business community here in this country will go and invest in China.例2 Guide

Guide这个字只有两种verb pattern适用它。即:动词+宾语;动词+宾语+副词短语,动词+宾语+副词性小品词。如:“积极引导外资参与企业技改”一句,不能译 为:Efforts will be made to guide foreign capital to go to the technological upgrading of enterprises.这不符合guide的习惯用法。它可以译为:Efforts will be made to guide more foreign investment to the technical upgrading of enterprises

四、禁语的译法

任何社会都会有一些要求大家遵循的行为准则。如:公共场合 不准吸烟、不准乱扔果皮纸屑、不准大声喧哗等。有些单位还根据本单位情况制定一些规则。如何翻译禁语是需要注意的又一个重要问题。中文禁语比较严肃,用词 直截了当,以体现其法律效力。而外国人有 3 页 共 3 页

凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路!

时以比较婉转的口吻表达同样的意思。我们应尽量以译入语禁语的习惯表达方式来翻译禁语,并力求简洁。请比较下述两 例的两种译法,

第三篇:2018翻译硕士考研:软环境

凯程考研辅导班,中国最权威的考研辅导机构

2018翻译硕士考研:软环境

美国

凯程考研辅导班,中国最权威的考研辅导机构

湾成立,海基会以“是一座桥,不是一堵墙”为己任,主要任务是执行台湾当局委托办理的两岸民间交流中技术性、事务性的工作,包括两岸同胞入出境收件、核转,大陆地区文书验证及送达,两岸人犯的遣返,经贸纠纷的调解处理,学术文化交流的沟通等等。其资金来源大多是当局拨款,少部分为工商企业界捐款。

八、中美三个联合公报

中美三个联合公报指的是1972年2月28日签订的《中华人民共和国和美利坚合众国联合公报》(《上海公报》)、1979年1月1日签订的《中华人民共和国和美利坚合众国关于建立外交关系的联合公报》(《中美建交公报》)和1982年8月17日签订的《中华人民共和国和美利坚合众国联合公报》(《八一七公报》)。美国在三个联合公报中均强调坚持一个中国原则,这是中美两国关于两国关系以及我国台湾问题的重要历史文件。坚持一个中国政策和中美三个联合公报的原则是中美关系健康发展的政治基础。美国总统尼克松应周恩来总理的邀请访华,中美交往的大门重新打开。尼克松访华期间,中美双方于1972年2月28日在上海发表了《中美联合公报》(“上海公报”)1975年12月,美国总统福特应邀访华。

九、联合国安全理事会

联合国安全理事会是联合国的六大主要机构之一。根据联合国宪章的宗旨及原则,安理会负有维持国际和平与安全的责任,是唯一有权采取强制行动的联合国机构。安理会由5个常任理事国和10个非常任理事国组成。5个常任理事国是中国、法国、俄罗斯(1991年12月苏联解体后席位由俄罗斯联邦接替)、英国、美国。非常任理事国由联合国大会选举产生,最初为6个。1965年,通过修改宪章,非常任理事国数量从6个增加到10个。常任理事国对实质问题都拥有否决权,只要有1票反对就不能通过。这就是“大国一致”规则,通常称为“否联合国安全理事会决”权。非常任理事国无否决权。每个理事国都有1个投票权,程序问题要至少9票才能通过。实际上,在程序问题上,安理会常任理事国也拥有否决权。因为安理会会员国就该问题是“程序问题”还是“实质问题”产生分歧时候,就可以把该问题认定为“实质问题”,有人称其为“双重否决权”。

页 共 2 页

第四篇:汉译英翻译技巧

[键入文字]

Theory: Translation Process 1.The comprehension

1)Nida: translation process consists in analysis, translating, re-constituting and checking.2)to read the text carefully and have a correct understanding 3)to understand word meaning 4)to seek help from dictionary 5)to attend to the role of logic 6)to know the role of context

汉英短语比较:

1、汉词英译法:

翻译词,基本任务是词义的对应转换,形式问题是第二位的任务。对应,又称“直译法。”但必须受一词多义和惯用法等机制的调节。

如:佳期wedding day,佳人 beautiful woman,佳节joyful festival,佳句well-turned phrase,佳音good news,佳肴dainty food

2阐释,主要是难以取得双语对应契合时,义恰如其分的铺衍方式加以解释,常见的是文化隔膜形成的对应障碍。如:城楼tower over a city gate 民工irregular laborer working on a public project/ migrant worker

留用人员personnel kept on after reshuffle 民乐 traditional instrumental music 井底之蛙 a frog sitting at the bottom of a dried well/ person with very narrow outlook 夜郎自大 be blinded by presumptuous self-conceit 空城计 undefended city, a stratagem of putting up a bluff

3引申,由一般的、泛指词义到具体的、特指词义的引申

如:时令

season 太平间 mortuary 清茶 green tea/ tea served without refreshments

轻生 commit suicide

体魄健壮的男孩an athletic boy 由具体的、特指词义到一般的、泛指词义的引申。如:连珠 in rapid succession

文盲 illiteracy

十二万分地(感激)extremely 慢镜头slow motion 微笑外交并非在五湖四海都奏效。Smile diplomacy, then, is working, but not everywhere.我们客栈热诚欢迎来自五湖四海的朋友!Our hotel welcomes friends from all over the world!

4转换:词类转换,句中肯、否定式 的转换,例:

人生琐事 the little nothings of life

等闲视之 think nothing of 家常便饭 make nothing of

请来吃顿家常便饭。Come along and take potluck

在北京,堵车是家常便饭。Be in Beijing, blocking a car up is common occurrence.5.淡化(虚化)

“闹名利”译为:be out for fame and gain

[键入文字]

“咬耳朵”whisper in sb.’s ear

“洗耳恭听” listen with attentive ears

6.融合:紧缩语义的代偿手段

如:大小 size,长短length,轻重 weight 始终all along 好歹: what is good and what’s bad 事有曲直:right and wrong 例1别理他,这人不知好歹。Don't listen to him – he doesn't know right from wrong.例2万一她有个好歹,请立刻打电话给我。

If something should happen to her, please ring me up at once.例3 Don't cook us anything more.We'll have whatever there is.7.替代

目不识丁 not know one’s ABC

天字第一号A1 裙带风nepotism

中药三七pseudo-ginseng(西洋参)

金不换 precious(be more valuable than gold)

8.音译:

商标:百事可乐PepsiCola;

万事达Master

9.注释(exegesis):

最常用的是音译加注(汉语范畴词category word)disco迪斯科舞

hamburg汉堡包

Benz奔驰车

The Times《泰晤士报》

春秋战国Spring and Autumn Period and the Period of Warring States,铁观音 Iron Guanyin tea

Toursim 名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers 名胜古迹 scenic spots and historical sites 湖光山色 landscape of lakes and hills 青山绿水 green hills and clear waters 奇松怪石 strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations 鱼米之乡 a land of milk and honey 世外桃源 a haven of peace Belts of parkland line three sides of the area and four large open squares of lawn and trees break the regularity of the city buildings.该地区三面与公园带相连,四大开阔的广场有草坪有树木,打破了城市建筑的规律性。城区三面绿地环绕,四大广场草坪开阔,碧草绿树掩映,打破了城区建筑的单一布局。

[键入文字]

Eating 吃喜酒 attend the wedding banquet 吃药 take medicine(下棋)吃掉一个子 take a piece 吃掉敌人一个团 annihilate an enemy regiment 连吃败仗 suffer one defeat after another 推上吃了一枪 get shot in the leg 吃闭门羹 be denied entrance at the door;be refused admission as an unwelcome guest be left out in the cold 吃醋 be jealous 吃官司 be sued / involve in a legal action 吃耳光 get a slap in the face 吃回扣 get commission 这种纸不吃墨水。This kind of paper doesn’t absorb ink.茄子很吃油。Eggplant calls for a lot of oil in cooking.我可不吃这一套。I won’t take all this lying down.他不务正业,专吃白食。He does not do any honest work and lives off others.你这老一套现在可吃不开了。Your old way of doing things won’t work now.这件事你如果说出去,我叫你吃不了兜着走。If you let this leak out, I’ll make you sorry for it.走这么多的路,恐怕你吃不消。It may be too much for you to walk such a long way.吃得苦中苦,方为人上人。Only those who endure the most become the highest.再重的卡车,这座桥也吃得住。This bridge can bear the weight of the heaviest lorry.你别想吃她豆腐。Don’t try to flirt with her.他要请我们吃馆子。He is going to invite us out to dinner.你要先考虑清楚,免得吃后悔药。Think it over before you go so that you won’t regret it later.形势吃紧。The situation was critical.他那坚强的毅力使人吃惊。His will power is amazing.他工作努力,能吃苦。He was hard-working and unafraid of hardships.他跑得不快,踢足球吃亏。He can’t run fast and that puts him at a disadvantage as a footballer.我跑了一天路,感到吃力。After a long day’s journey, I left exhausted.只要技术好,到哪儿都吃得开。A person who has expertise is welcome anywhere.吃一堑,长一智。A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.

第五篇:汉译英翻译答案

广场舞是社区中老年居民以健身、社交等为目的在广场、公园等开敞的地方进行的健身操或舞蹈,通常以高分贝的音乐伴奏。广场舞在中国大陆无论南北皆十分普遍。对于广场舞的确切认识,社会学界及体育界目前均未达成共识。广场舞的高分贝音乐常常造成噪音滋扰,因此许多居民反对在小区中跳广场舞。

The square dancing is a bodybuilding exercise or dance performed in wide and open places such as squares and parks among the middle-aged and old residents in communities, with the purpose of bodybuilding, socializing and so on, generally accompanied with high-pitched music.The square dancing is very popular all over mainland China, whether in the north or in the south.Neither the sociological circle nor the sports circle has currently reached a consensus on the exact perception of the square dancing.The high-pitched music of the square dancing often causes noisy disruption, and therefore many residents are opposed to the square dancing in communities.故宫,又称紫禁城,是明、清两代的皇宫,二十四位皇帝在此生活起居和处理政务。它是世界现存最大、最完整的木质结构的古建筑群(architectural complex)。宫殿墙壁的色调以红色和黄色为主,红色代表快乐、好运和财富,而黄色代表帝王的神圣和尊贵。近十几年来,故宫平均每年接待中外游客600-800万人次,随着旅游业的繁荣,游客人数有增无减,可见人们对故宫的兴趣长盛不衰。

The Imperial Palace, also known as the Forbidden City, was the palace in Ming and Qing Dynasties where 24 emperors lived and handled government affairs.It is the largest and most complete existing ancient wooden architectural complex in the world.The palace wall was painted mainly in red and yellow.Red represents happiness, luck and fortune while yellow symbolizes imperial holiness and dignity.In recent decades, the Imperial Palace is visited annually by six to eight million tourists at home and abroad.Moreover, with flourishing tourism industry, the number of tourists keeps increasing.It shows people’s everlasting and unfading interest in the Imperial Palace.《新闻联播》是中国中央电视台(CCTV)每日播出的一个新闻节目。节目每次播出时长一般为30分钟。它被中国大陆大多数地方频道同时转播,这使得它成为世界上收看人数最多的节目之一。自从1978年1月1日首次播出以来,它就以客观、生动、丰富的纪实手段记录着中华大地每一天的变化。作为中国官方新闻资讯类节目,《新闻联播》以沉稳、庄重的风格著称。

Xinwen Lianbo is a news program broadcast by China Central Television(CCTV)every day.It generally takes 30 minutes every time to broadcast the program.It is relayed simultaneously by most local television channels in the mainland of China, which makes it one of the world’s most-watched programs.Since it was first broadcast on January 1st, 1978, it has been recording the changes of every day throughout China by documentary means that is objective, vivid and rich.As the Chinese official news information program, Xinwen Lianbo is well-known for its steady and serious style.倡导低碳生活,提升公民节能减排意识是应对全球变暖的重要措施。低碳生活并非什么难事,只要人人都树立绿色环保意识,坚持从我做起、从身边小事做起,那么久一定能促成共享低碳生活。共享低碳生活,要让绿色环保理念深入人心。要把绿色环保活动融入工作生活的方方面面,要有针对性地开展低碳生活的知识培训;要积极倡导志愿者活动,全面宣传节能减排、环境保护等方面的知识,提高全社会的低碳环保意识。

Advocating low-carbon lifestyle and promoting citizens' consciousness of energy conservation and emissions reduction are important measures against global warming.Leading a low-carbon life is not difficult.Only if everyone establishes the consciousness of green environment protection and keeps starting from ourselves to pay attention to everything around us can we make low-carbon life available to all.To achieve that, we should make the ideas of green environmental protection popular.We should integrate green environmental protection activities into every aspect of work and life;we should carry out the targeted knowledge training of low-carbon lifestyle;we should actively advocate volunteer activities, comprehensively publicize the knowledge of energy conservation and emissions reduction, environmental protection so as to improve the low-carbon consciousness environmental protection of the whole society.中国教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的重要意义。有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全民读书日。他们强调,人们应当读好书,尤其是经典著作。通过阅读,人们能更好地学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作,而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本素质。阅读对于中小学生尤为重要,假如他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣,以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。

Chinese educators have long realized the importance of reading for the country.As early as 2003, some educators proposed to set up a National Book and Copyright Day.They emphasized that people should read good books, especially the classics.Through reading, people can better learn to be grateful, responsible and cooperative.And these essential qualities are just what education wants to cultivate.Reading is particularly important for middle school students, if they do not develop an interest in reading during this critical period, it will be difficult for them to get into the habit of reading in the future。

中国家庭一向尊老爱幼。在大家庭里(extended family),老一辈人的意见受到尊重,小一辈的人得到全家的爱护。而随着改革开放和经济的发展,人口众多的大家庭开始分解,出现了越来越多的核心家庭(nuclear family)。在城市里,不和家里老人一起住的年轻夫妇给老人生活费,并常去探望,帮他们干些家务活。在农村,尽管相当多的大家庭已经解体了,许多结了婚的儿子和他的家人还是和父母住在同一个院子里,这样父母、子女可以互相帮助。

参考译文:

In the Chinese family, the old is usually respected and the young is loved.In an extended family, the opinions of old people are respected and the youngest members are taken good care of by all family members.With the reform and opening up and economic development, large extended families began to divide into more and more nuclear families.In cities, young couples who do not live together with their aged parents give their parents living expenses and often visit them and help them do some household chores.In the countryside, although many extended families have broken up, many married sons and their families continue to live in the same courtyard with their parents, which makes it convenient for both parents and children to help each other.

下载翻译硕士考研汉译英中常见问题(5篇)word格式文档
下载翻译硕士考研汉译英中常见问题(5篇).doc
将本文档下载到自己电脑,方便修改和收藏,请勿使用迅雷等下载。
点此处下载文档

文档为doc格式


声明:本文内容由互联网用户自发贡献自行上传,本网站不拥有所有权,未作人工编辑处理,也不承担相关法律责任。如果您发现有涉嫌版权的内容,欢迎发送邮件至:645879355@qq.com 进行举报,并提供相关证据,工作人员会在5个工作日内联系你,一经查实,本站将立刻删除涉嫌侵权内容。

相关范文推荐

    2018年翻译硕士考研百科知识汇总

    凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路! 2018年翻译硕士考研百科知识汇总 【六官】北周王朝中央政府的主要组织形式。六官,指天官、地官、春官、夏官、秋官、冬官六府机构。 另: 【六大......

    2018年翻译硕士考研百科基础知识

    凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路! 2018年翻译硕士考研百科基础知识 拉美文学 1、美州大陆上最古老的书——《波波尔•乌》 2、印加文学作品——《奥扬泰》 3、墨西哥女作家克鲁......

    2018年翻译硕士考研参考书推荐

    凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路! 2018年翻译硕士考研参考书推荐 考研复习要注重我们对资料的选择,这样我们的学习知识才能够得以丰富,为了能够帮助大家进行翻译硕士的复习和备考......

    2018年考研翻译硕士复习攻略

    凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路! 2018年考研翻译硕士复习攻略 翻译硕士有众多的考试科目,因此我们复习的时候要面面俱到,这样我们才能够在各科的考试时取得满意的成绩,下面为大家......

    2018年考研翻译硕士复习方法指导

    凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路! 2018年考研翻译硕士复习方法指导 备考在我们的日常考试中是很重要的,对于考研来说我们不能怀着临时抱佛脚的状态,一定要认真复习,那么我们就谈一......

    2018考研翻译硕士考研经验分享

    2018考研翻译硕士考研经验分享 北京大学一直是广大考研学生梦寐以求的高等学府,对于想考翻译硕士的考生来说也不例外。那么北京大学翻译硕士难考吗?该怎么备考?一起来听听一......

    2018年翻译硕士考研翻译佳句整理

    凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路! 2018年翻译硕士考研翻译佳句整理 相信很多同学在翻译硕士的考试中对于英汉互译这一块非常头疼,下面就这一块难啃的骨头给大家一些散文翻译语......

    湖南大学翻译硕士考研心得总结

    凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路! 湖南大学翻译硕士考研心得总结 互联网真的魅力无穷,二战这一路走来,感谢论坛的研友一直给予支持和帮助,获益匪浅。前几天得知被湖大拟录取了,超级......