李克强在第71届联合国大会一般性辩论时的讲话

第一篇：李克强在第71届联合国大会一般性辩论时的讲话

李克强在第71届联合国大会一般性辩论时的讲话（双语官方文本）

Premier Li’s statement at General Debate of 71st session of UN General Assembly

携手建设和平稳定可持续发展的世界

——在第71届联合国大会一般性辩论时的讲话中华人民共和国国务院总理李克强（2016年9月21日，纽约）

UNITED NATIONS — Premier Li Keqiang on Sept 21 made a statement at the General Debate of the 71st Session of the United Nations General Assembly.The following is the full text of Premier Li’s statement:

Work for a World of Peace, Stability and Sustainable Development

主席先生： Mr.President，祝贺您当选第71届联合国大会主席，相信在您的主持下，本届联大将顺利推进各项议程。我也赞赏上届联大主席吕克托夫特先生卓有成效的工作。

I congratulate you on your election as President of the 71st Session of the UN General Assembly.I believe that under your presidency, this session of the General Assembly will move forward and make good progress according to its agenda.I also appreciate the effective work of Mr.Lykketoft as President of the last session of the UNGA.我还要向潘基文秘书长致以敬意。过去10年，秘书长先生以包容、谦逊、和谐的处事之道和勤勉、务实的工作作风，为维护世界和平、推动可持续发展、促进和保护人权等作出了重要贡献。

I also wish to pay tribute to Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon who, with modesty and a drive for harmony and accommodation, has worked /diligently/tirelessly and in a down-to-earth manner over the past decade, and whose work has contributed significantly to world peace, sustainable development and the advancement and protection of human rights in the world.主席先生，各位同事！Mr.President, Dear Colleagues，去年联合国发展峰会通过《2030年可持续发展议程》，为全球发展描绘了新愿景。中国国家主席习近平在峰会上围绕“谋共同永续发展，做合作共赢伙伴”，阐述了中国的原则立场，表明了中国的积极态度。

The UN Sustainable Development Summit held last year adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, opening a new vision for global development.At the summit, Chinese President Xi Jinping gave a speech entitled “Toward Win-win Partnership for Sustainable Development” to expound on China’s principles and position as well as its readiness to advance the agenda for sustainable development.今年是落实可持续发展议程的开局之年。前不久召开的二十国集团领导人杭州峰会，就推动世界经济增长达成杭州共识，为构建创新、活力、联动、包容的世界经济描绘了愿景。峰会共同承诺积极落实2030年可持续发展议程，并制定了落实2030年可持续发展议程行动计划，为全球可持续发展事业注入新的动力。中国政府还率先批准并发布了《中国落实2030年可持续发展议程国别方案》。联大一般性辩论以“可持续发展目标：共同努力改造我们的世界”为主题，很有现实意义。Cannot be more relevant This year is the first in the Agenda’s implementation.The G20 Summit held not long ago in Hangzhou of China reached the Hangzhou consensus on world economic growth.A blueprint was drawn for building an innovative, invigorated, interconnected and inclusive world economy.Participants at the Summit pledged to actively implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and formulated an action plan toward that end, which injected new vigor to global sustainable development.The Chinese government was also among the first to adopt and release the country’s National Plan on Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.As for the General Assembly, it has decided that for this year’s session, the general debate will focus on the theme “The Sustainable Development Goals: a universal push to transform our world”.These, in my view, are all highly relevant.可持续发展首先是要发展，基础也在于发展。离开了发展，也就谈不上可持续。当今世界的很多问题，都是由于发展不足引起的。无论是贫困、难民危机，还是战乱冲突、恐怖主义等，都能从发展落后上找到根源，也都需要通过发展寻求根本解决之道。唯有发展，才能保障人民的基本权利。唯有发展，才能消除全球性挑战的根源。唯有发展，才能推动人类文明进步。Sustainable development is first and foremost about development.Development underpins every human achievement.Without development, nothing can be sustainable.The lack of development is often at the root of many problems facing the world.Be it poverty or the refugee crisis, war, conflicts or terrorism, they all could be attributed to insufficient development and none can be addressed properly without development.Only development can guarantee people’s fundamental rights.Only development can root out the cause for global challenges.And only development can advance human civilization and progress.发展必须是可持续的。可持续有着丰富内涵，哪个方面做不到，都将使发展陷入停滞与困顿。如果发展不平衡、不平等，南北差距、贫富差距拉大，则不可持续。如果发展方式粗放，高消耗、高污染、高排放，超过资源环境承受能力，也不可持续。如果经济社会发展不协调，一条腿长一条腿短，同样不可持续。只有深刻认识和把握可持续的内涵，全面推进减贫、南北合作和南南合作、应对气候变化等各项事业，促进公平共享和绿色发展，发展才能立得稳、走得远。

Development must be sustainable.It must be sustainable in all dimensions, otherwise development will be stalled and strained.Development won’t be sustainable if it is unbalanced, unequal and widens the gap between the North and the South and the rich and the poor.Development won’t be sustainable if it is achieved in an extensive manner, driven by high consumption, high pollution and high emissions and depletes resources and strains the environment.Development won’t be sustainable if economic growth and social progress are not well coordinated.Only when we keep a profound understanding of the implication of sustainability, make all-around progress in poverty reduction, North-South and South-South cooperation, climate change and other fields, and work to promote equal sharing and green development can we ensure that development is truly solid and sustainable.可持续发展必须包容联动。当前，可持续发展面临严峻挑战。地区冲突和热点问题此起彼伏，传统和非传统安全威胁相互交织，可持续发展环境堪忧。世界经济复苏乏力，经济全球化阻力加大，可持续发展动力不足。重大疫情、自然灾害频发等问题日益突出，能源资源安全、粮食安全、金融安全问题交织，可持续发展任务艰巨。越是在艰难时刻，越要提振信心。人类总是有智慧找到办法、有能力突破困境的，关键是要相互合作、同舟共济。国际社会应以命运共同体、利益攸关者的新视角，采取一致行动，共同应对全球性挑战。

Sustainable development must be inclusive and interconnected.Currently, the sustainable development endeavor is faced with grave challenges: regional conflicts and hotspots are incessant, traditional and nontraditional security threats intertwine, and the environment for sustainable development gives no reason for optimism.World economic recovery remains lukewarm, economic globalization faces strong headwind, and the momentum for sustainable development is weak.Frequent occurrence of major infectious diseases and natural disasters is increasingly prominent, the issues of energy and resource security, food security and financial security are interwoven, and sustainable development remains an uphill journey.Difficult moments call for stronger confidence.I believe mankind has the wisdom and capability to find a way out of difficulty.For that to happen, there must be cooperation and a spirit of working together to tide over difficulties.It is time that the international community take on a new perspective.It should see itself as a community of shared future in which all are stakeholders, and should make concerted efforts to jointly tackle global challenges.主席先生，各位同事！Mr.President, Dear Colleagues，推动可持续发展，要近期和远期结合，以务实的行动应对当前的挑战，积极变革和改造我们的世界。

To advance sustainable development, we must keep both short-term and long-term interests in mind, tackle challenges with concrete efforts and work actively to transform and change our world.——我们必须维护《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则。没有和平稳定的环境，就没有可持续发展，已经取得的发展成果也会丧失。世界能保持70多年的和平，是来之不易的，这说明以联合国为核心的现行国际体系和以《联合国宪章》为基础的国际关系准则行之有效，必须坚决予以维护。这不仅符合各国人民的共同利益，也是实现可持续发展目标最重要的保障。各国要把《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则真正落到实处，支持联合国及其安理会在国际事务中发挥主导作用，支持不断改革完善全球治理机制，以适应国际政治、经济格局出现的新变化。要树立共同、综合、合作、可持续的新安全观，建设“对话而不对抗、结伴而不结盟”的全球伙伴关系。

— We must uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter.Without peace and stability, there will be no sustainable development;even the fruits of development already reaped risk being lost.The hard-won peace that has prevailed over the past 70 years or more testifies to the effectiveness of the existing international system with the UN at its core and of the norms of international relations established on the basis of the UN Charter.This international system and these norms governing international relations must be upheld resolutely, for they not only serve the common interests of people of all countries, but also provide the most essential guarantee for attainment of the sustainable development goals.Countries need to honor the purposes and principles of the UN Charter in letter and in spirit, and should support the leading role of the UN and its Security Council in global affairs.Countries need to be supportive of steady reform and improvement of global governance mechanisms, so as to adapt to the changing international political and economic landscape.A new concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security should be nurtured and a global partnership should be established that features “dialogue instead of confrontation, and partnership instead of alliance”.——我们必须坚持政治解决热点问题的大方向。化解地区热点，政治解决是根本之道。历史一再证明，诉诸武力、以暴制暴，只能使仇恨延续、战火不已，最终不会有赢家。冲突各方应摒弃零和思维，以对话解争端、以协商化分歧、以宽容求和解。国际社会斡旋调解要主持公道正义，劝和不挑事、帮忙不添乱。在叙利亚问题上，应当坚持政治解决的大方向，国际社会应加紧推动叙有关各方尽早结束战乱，达成全面政治解决方案。关于朝鲜半岛核问题，应坚持实现半岛无核化目标，坚持维护半岛和地区和平稳定，坚持通过对话协商解决问题，有效维护国际核不扩散体系。恐怖主义是人类公敌，必须坚决予以打击，同时不能搞双重标准，不能把恐怖主义与特定国家、民族和宗教挂钩。

— We must stay committed to the general direction of settling hotspot issues through political means.Political resolution is the fundamental way to address regional hotspot issues.History has shown once and again that to repress violence with force can only lead to more hatred and warfare, from which no winner will emerge.Parties involved in conflicts must reject the zero-sum mentality.They should settle disputes through dialogue, address differences through consultation and seek reconciliation with tolerance.The mediation efforts of the international community must be fair and impartial.It should only facilitate the settlement of issues, not invite new troubles.On the Syrian issue, it is important to seek a political settlement.The international community should step up efforts to encourage parties concerned in Syria to put an end to conflict at an early date and reach a deal for comprehensive political settlement.On the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula, it is imperative to achieve denuclearization and maintain peace and stability both on the Peninsula and in the region.It is important to address issues through dialogue and consultation, and effectively uphold the international nuclear non-proliferation regime.Terrorism is the common enemy of mankind and must be combated resolutely.At the same time, the practice of double standard should be avoided and there should be no linkage between terrorism and a certain country, ethnicity or religion.——我们必须携手促进世界经济稳定复苏。世界经济不能长期低迷下去，否则可持续发展就成无源之水。当前世界经济既面临总需求不足的问题，又存在突出的结构性矛盾。要统筹运用多种有效政策工具，做到需求管理与供给侧改革并重、短期政策与长期政策结合。二十国集团领导人杭州峰会，就加强宏观政策协调、创新增长方式、推进结构性改革、完善全球经济金融治理、重振国际贸易和投资两大引擎、实现包容和联动式发展等达成一系列共识，提出重大倡议和举措。我们呼吁世界各国同心协力，推动世界经济真正走上强劲、可持续、平衡、包容增长之路。主要经济体影响举足轻重，应以负责任态度制定和协调宏观政策，既要考虑促进自身增长，也要尽力减少负面外溢效应，不能给复苏乏力的世界经济雪上加霜。— We must work together for steady recovery of the global economy.The world economy cannot afford long-term sluggishness, otherwise sustainable development will be a fountain without source.The current world economy is faced with both insufficient aggregate demand as well as outstanding structural problems.It is necessary to employ effective policy tools in a holistic manner, and to combine demand management with supply-side reform and short-term policies with long-term ones.At the G20 Hangzhou Summit, participants reached common ground and put forward a series of major initiatives and measures to strengthen macro policy coordination, find new ways of growth, advance structural reform, improve global economic and financial governance, reinvigorate international trade and investment, the twin engines of global growth, and achieve inclusive and interconnected development.We call on all countries to make concerted efforts to drive the global economy along a path of strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth.Major economies, given their significant influence, need to act in a responsible manner in policy-making and policy coordination.While focusing on their own growth, they also need to strive to reduce negative spill-overs of their policies and refrain from adding to the difficulty of global economic recovery.以贸易和投资自由化便利化为代表的经济全球化，是过去几十年世界经济快速发展的重要动力。但世上不存在有百利而无一弊的灵丹妙药。毋庸讳言，经济全球化也对有的国家产业和群体造成了一定的冲击和影响。对此，应积极采取措施加以化解，而不能因噎废食、因小失大。经济全球化符合各国长远和根本利益，是大势所趋。各方应坚决反对一切形式的保护主义，坚定维护以世界贸易组织为代表的自由贸易体制，使各国经济在双赢、多赢、共赢中实现持续健康发展。

Economic globalization, represented by trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, has been a strong driving force behind fast global growth in past decades.Yet, this is not to say that there exists any panacea in the world.Frankly, economic globalization has taken its toll on some industries and communities in certain countries to certain extent.Active measures need to be taken to address the problem, but it is always important to keep in mind the bigger picture instead of keeping one’s eyes on the narrow interests only.Economic globalization is a general trend that is in line with the long-term and fundamental interests of all countries.Countries need to stand firm to oppose protectionism of any form, and need to be resolute in upholding the free trade regime represented by the WTO.This is a way to enable sustained and sound economic growth for all countries through win-win and all-win development.——我们必须着力解决人类面临的全球性挑战。要更加关注和支持非洲和最不发达国家，帮助他们加快工业化进程、保障粮食安全、消除贫困和饥饿，让更多的人生活得体面、有尊严。要努力营造有利于减少全球发展不平等和不平衡的国际环境。国际机构应该把新增资源首先用于帮助发展中国家，发达国家要切实兑现官方发展援助承诺，发展中国家应该立足自主发展，探索符合自身国情的发展道路。现在，我们正面临二战结束以来最大规模的难民危机。当务之急是要确保难民有基本生活保障，避免发生人道主义危机；根本之策是要消弭战端、恢复发展，使难民来源国走上长治久安与发展繁荣之路。各方要坚持共同但有区别的责任原则、公平原则和各自能力原则，共同应对气候变化，推动《巴黎协定》获得普遍接受和早日生效。发达国家应发挥带头作用，兑现减排承诺，并帮助发展中国家提高减缓和适应气候变化能力。

— We must redouble efforts to address global challenges facing mankind.Greater attention and more support need to be given to Africa and the least developing countries(LDCs)to help them speed up industrialization, ensure food security, eliminate poverty and hunger, and provide everyone with a life of decency and dignity.More needs to be done to create an international environment that helps reduce inequality and imbalance in global development.International institutions should spend their newly-acquired resources on helping developing countries on a priority basis.Developed countries should make good on their official development assistance commitments, while developing countries need to rely on themselves for development and need to seek development paths that suit their national conditions.As we speak, the world is facing the largest-ever refugee crisis since World War II.It is imperative to ensure refugees access to basic living conditions to stave off a humanitarian crisis.Of fundamental importance is to root out the cause of war and restart development, so that source countries of refugees can embark on a path of long-term stability, development and prosperity.Countries need to stay committed to the principles of common but differentiated responsibilities, equity and respective capabilities, and need to jointly tackle climate change and work for the Paris Agreement to be universally accepted and take effect at an early date.Developed countries need to play a leading role, deliver on their emissions reduction pledges and help developing countries improve the capacity to mitigate and adapt to climate change.主席先生，各位同事！

Mr.President, Dear Colleagues，改革开放以来，中国经济持续快速增长，于2010年成为世界第二大经济体。近几年，在较高的发展基数上，在严峻复杂的国际环境和国内长期积累的深层次矛盾凸显的情况下，我们依靠改革创新，经济保持中高速增长，结构加快转型升级。今年上半年，经济增长6.7%，位居全球主要经济体前列。民生不断改善，居民收入与经济增长基本保持同步，城镇新增就业每年超过1300万人。中国经济规模已超过10万亿美元，现在一个百分点的增量相当于过去几个百分点的增量，一年的经济增量相当于一个中等收入国家经济总量，对世界经济增长的贡献率保持在25%左右。

Since China adopted the reform and opening-up policy, the Chinese economy has maintained rapid growth to become the world’s second largest economy in 2010.In recent years, the Chinese economy has been growing on a large base figure amidst global complexities as well as long accumulated underlying domestic issues.China has relied on reform and innovation to maintain a medium-high growth rate and accelerated economic transformation and upgrading.In the first half of this year, the growth rate was 6.7%, which was among the fastest in major economies.People’s livelihood kept improving, personal income growth was basically in sync with economic growth, and over 13 million new urban jobs were being created on an annual basis.China’s economic aggregate has exceeded $10 trillion.Every one percentage point of growth now equals several percentage points of growth before, and the yearly economic increment is tantamount to the economic aggregate of a middle-income country.China’s contribution to global economic growth has been around 25%.中国虽然是世界第二大经济体，但仍然是发展中国家，要实现现代化，还有很长的路要走。展望未来，中国经济发展潜力大、优势足、空间广，前景光明。我们将紧紧抓住发展这个第一要务，深入贯彻落实创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，推动经济保持中高速增长、迈向中高端水平。

The world’s second largest economy as it is, China remains a developing country, and much awaits to be done in modernization.Looking ahead, the Chinese economy enjoys bright prospects given its big potential, ample advantages and vast space of development.China will continue to give priority to development, pursue innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, and strive to maintain medium-high speed of growth and move to medium-high level of development.——中国要在深化改革中发展。中国过去发展取得成就靠的是改革，今后的发展仍然要依靠改革。我们将坚定不移全面深化改革，激发市场活力和社会创造力。既要保持总需求力度，也要加快推动供给侧结构性改革，着力改善供给质量，保持经济平稳运行、推动结构转型升级。深化简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革，积极推进财税、金融、投资、国企等重点领域改革。深入实施创新驱动发展战略，推动大众创业、万众创新，培育发展新动能，改造提升传统动能，促进中国经济在加快转型升级中平稳增长、在平稳增长中加快转型升级。— China will promote development through deepening reform.Reform has held the key to China’s achievements in development, and the same remains true for the future.China will not waver in deepening reform across the board to boost market vitality and social creativity.While maintaining aggregate demand, we will accelerate supply-side structural reform, improve the quality of supply, ensure steady economic performance, and advance structural transformation and upgrading.We will streamline administration, delegate powers, strengthen regulation and improve services, and will make proactive efforts to advance reforms in key sectors such as fiscal policy, taxation, finance, investment and state owned enterprises.We will follow an innovation-driven development strategy and one of mass entrepreneurship and innovation, and foster new growth drivers while upgrading traditional ones.The purpose is to ensure faster economic transformation and upgrading and steady economic growth.——中国要在扩大开放中发展。中国过去几十年的经验证明，封闭则停滞落后，开放则发展繁荣。中国将坚定不移奉行互利共赢的开放战略，对外开放的大门会越开越大。我们将进一步提高开放型经济水平，扩大服务业和一般制造业开放，推进国内高标准自由贸易试验区建设，加快同有关国家商签自由贸易协定和投资协定，对外商投资企业实行负面清单管理制度，营造更加公平、透明、可预期的营商环境。我们将创新对外投资合作方式，愿同有关各方一道，共同推动“一带一路”建设和国际产能合作，实现更广泛的互利共赢。

— China will promote development through expanding opening-up.China’s experience in past decades proves that a close-door policy only leads to stagnation and backwardness, and it is opening-up that brings development and prosperity.With a firm commitment to the win-win strategy of opening-up, China will open its door even wider to the outside world.We will further improve the open economy, increase access to the service and manufacturing sectors, develop high-standard pilot free trade zones, accelerate the signing of FTAs and investment treaties with countries concerned, conduct negative list management for foreign-invested companies, and foster a more equitable, transparent and predictable business environment.We will adopt new approaches to investment overseas, and work with parties concerned to advance the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road as well as global production capacity cooperation.These are ways to achieve even greater mutual benefits and win-win development with more countries.——中国要在维护和平中发展。曾长期饱受战乱之苦的中国人民，倍加珍惜和平。中国坚定不移走和平发展道路，坚持大小国家一律平等，在和平共处五项原则的基础上同所有国家发展友好合作关系。中国践行亲诚惠容的周边外交理念，积极通过对话谈判和友好协商解决包括领土和海洋权益争端在内的各种分歧和问题，努力求同存异、聚同化异，为维护地区和平稳定作出了不懈努力。中国一贯推动和平解决热点问题，积极参与反恐、防扩散等领域国际合作。中国支持国际社会解决难民问题的努力，将向有关国家和国际组织提供总额达3亿美元的人道主义援助。

— China will promote development by upholding peace.For the Chinese people that have in the past seen too many wars for too long, peace is to be doubly cherished.China is a dedicated follower of the path of peaceful development.China regards all countries as equals whatever their size, and China pursues friendship and cooperation with all countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.China’s neighborhood policy is one of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness.China has worked through dialogue, negotiation and friendly consultation to address differences and questions with other countries, including disputes concerning territory and maritime rights and interests.China’s approach is to expand common ground and shelve differences, and China has never relented its efforts for regional peace and stability.China has all along worked for the peaceful settlement of hotspot issues, and has taken an active part in international cooperation in counter-terrorism and non-proliferation.China supports international efforts to address the refugee issue, and will provide $300 million worth of humanitarian assistance to relevant countries and international organizations.作为13亿人口的发展中大国，中国办好自己的事情，就是对世界和平与发展的最大贡献。同时，中国认真履行应尽的国际义务，对广大发展中国家谋求发展、摆脱贫困的愿望感同身受，一直在努力予以支持和帮助。截至2015年底，中国累计向166个国家和国际、区域组织提供4000多亿元人民币的援款，为发展中国家培训各类人员1200多万人次。今后，中国将继续加强与发展中国家的合作，对非洲和最不发达国家给予力所能及的帮助，实现共同发展繁荣。

China is a major developing country with a 1.3 billion population.Managing its own affairs well is its biggest contribution to peace and development in the world.Meanwhile, China also works in real earnest to fulfill its international obligations.China knows just how much other developing countries desire to achieve development and root out poverty, and has rendered them support and assistance to the best of its ability.By the end of 2015, China had provided a total of over 400 billion yuan to 166 countries and international and regional organizations and provided training to over 12 million professionals in various sectors from other developing countries.Going forward, China will strengthen cooperation with other developing countries, and will do whatever is possible to help African countries and LDCs for the purpose of achieving common development and common prosperity.中国在推动可持续发展议程方面已付诸行动，率先发布了《中国落实2030年可持续发展议程国别方案》。同时，支持相关领域国际合作，到2020年中国对联合国有关发展机构的年度捐款总额，将在2015年的基础上增加1亿美元。中国是第一批向联合国交存《巴黎协定》批准文书的国家，将认真履行承诺。

China has taken action to advance the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.It was among the first to release a national plan on agenda implementation.Meanwhile, China remains supportive of relevant international cooperation.China’ s total annual contributions to UN development agencies will be raised by $100 million by 2020 from the 2015 level.China was among the first countries to deposit with the UN an instrument of ratification of the Paris Agreement, and China will earnestly honor its commitment made in this regard.主席先生，各位同事！

Mr.President, Dear Colleagues，实现可持续发展目标，是我们共同的任务。中国愿与国际社会携手前行，为建设一个人人免于匮乏、获得发展、享有尊严的美好世界作出应有贡献！

To achieve the goals for sustainable development is our common task.China stands ready to work with other members of the international community and contribute its fair share to a world free from want, and a world of development and dignity for all.谢谢大家！Thank you.

第二篇：胡锦涛在第64届联大一般性辩论时的讲话(全文)

2009年9月23日，国家主席胡锦涛在美国纽约出席第64届联大一般性辩论时发表题为《同舟共济共创未来》的重要讲话。讲话全文如下：

同舟共济共创未来

——在第64届联大一般性辩论时的讲话（2009年9月23日，美国纽约）

中华人民共和国主席胡锦涛

主席先生，各位同事，女士们，先生们：

当今世界正处在大发展大变革大调整时期，和平、发展、合作的时代潮流更加强劲。世界多极化、经济全球化深入发展，多边主义和国际关系民主化深入人心，开放合作、互利共赢成为国际社会广泛共识，国与国相互依存更加紧密。

同时，国际金融危机影响仍在持续，世界经济复苏前景还不明朗，全球失业和贫困人口数量上升，发展不平衡更加突出，气候变化、粮食安全、能源资源安全、公共卫生安全等全球性问题进一步显现，恐怖主义、大规模杀伤性武器扩散、跨国有组织犯罪、重大传染性疾病等非传统安全威胁依然存在，一些热点问题长期得不到解决，地区局部冲突此起彼伏，国际形势中的不稳定不确定因素给世界和平与发展带来严峻挑战。

面对前所未有的机遇和挑战，国际社会应该继续携手并进，秉持和平、发展、合作、共赢、包容理念，推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界，为人类和平与发展的崇高事业不懈努力。

第一，用更广阔的视野审视安全，维护世界和平稳定。在人类历史上，各国安全从未像今天这样紧密相连。安全内涵不断扩大，传统安全威胁和非传统安全威胁相互交织，涉及政治、军事、经济、文化等诸多领域，对各国构成共同挑战，需要采用综合手段共同应对。安全不是孤立的、零和的、绝对的，没有世界和地区和平稳定，就没有一国安全稳定。

我们应该坚持互信、互利、平等、协作的新安全观，既维护本国安全，又尊重别国安全关切，促进人类共同安全。坚持联合国宪章宗旨和原则，坚持用和平方式解决地区热点问题和国际争端，反对任意使用武力或以武力相威胁。支持联合国在国际安全领域继续发挥重要作用。坚持平等、互利、合作精神，保障全球经济金融稳定。坚持反对一切形式的恐怖主义、分裂主义、极端主义，不断深化国际安全合作。

全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器，建立无核武器世界，是中国的一贯主张。国际社会应该切实推进核裁军进程，消除核武器扩散风险，促进核能和平利用及其国际合作。

第二，用更全面的观点看待发展，促进共同繁荣。在经济全球化深入发展的大背景下，各国发展息息相关。没有发展中国家普遍发展和平等参与，就没有世界共同繁荣，就无法建立更加公正合理的国际经济秩序。受国际金融危机冲击，发展中国家外部发展环境恶化，经济增长普遍减速，发展遇到严重困难。

我们应该把促进共同发展作为解决全球发展不平衡和实现可持续发展的重要途径。联合国应该加大对发展问题的投入，促进经济全球化朝着均衡、普惠、共赢方向发展，努力营造有利于发展中国家发展的国际环境。国际金融机构应该把新增资源首先用于帮助发展中国家脱困，以更加灵活多样、更加便利快捷的方式提供贷款支持。国际金融体系改革应该着力提高发展中国家代表性和发言权。

我们应该采取负责任的应对国际金融危机举措，坚定反对保护主义，积极推动多哈回合谈判早日取得全面、均衡的成果。发达国家应该向发展中国家开放市场、减免关税，兑现官方发展援助和减债承诺，特别是加大对最不发达国家援助力度，重点解决其面临的饥饿、医疗、教育等问题。

发展中国家应该立足自主发展，探索有利于实现发展、消除贫困的发展模式。发展中国家之间应该扩大贸易和投资合作，相互开放市场，提升南南合作水平。

第三，用更开放的态度开展合作，推动互利共赢。在气候变化、粮食安全、能源资源安全、公共卫生安全等全球性挑战面前，任何国家都不可能独善其身。加强国际合作，是应对挑战、确保和睦安宁的必由之路。我们应该树立共赢理念，把本国人民利益同世界人民共同利益结合起来，扩大各方利益汇合点。

气候变化是人类生存和发展面临的严峻挑战之一。国际合作是应对气候变化的关键。我们应该坚持《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《京都议定书》主渠道地位，坚持共同但有区别的责任原则，坚持“巴厘路线图”的授权，推动哥本哈根大会取得成功，努力实现互利共赢。

粮食和能源问题事关各国民生、发展、稳定。我们应该加大农业投入，发展先进技术，抑制市场投机，增加粮食援助，加强农业和粮食合作。加强能源开发利用方面的互利合作，加紧研发新能源和可再生能源，构建先进能源技术研发和推广体系，实现能源供应多元化。

甲型流感持续蔓延，已成为国际社会共同面临的全球性公共卫生挑战。中国愿为发展中国家防控甲型流感提供力所能及的帮助。

第四，用更宽广的胸襟相互包容，实现和谐共处。不同文明交流借鉴、兼容并蓄，是社会进步的不竭动力。国家不分大小、强弱、贫富一律平等。我们应该承认各国文化传统、社会制度、价值观念的差异，尊重各国自主选择发展道路的权利。积极促进和保障人权，加强对话，消除隔阂。倡导开放包容精神，使不同文明和发展模式在竞争比较中取长补短、在求同存异中共同发展。

主席先生、各位同事！

中国人民即将迎来中华人民共和国成立60周年。60年前，中国人民经过长期艰苦奋斗实现了民族独立、人民解放，建立起人民当家做主的新中国。30年前，中国人民开始了改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的伟大历史征程。中国社会迸发出前所未有的活力和创造力。而今的中国，综合国力显著增强，人民生活总体上达到小康水平。中国发展对世界和平与发展作出了重大贡献。

历史是继续前进的基础，是开创未来的启示。我们清醒地认识到，中国仍然是发展中国家，我们在发展进程中遇到的矛盾和问题无论规模还是复杂性都世所罕见。中国要全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会，进而基本实现现代化、实现全体人民共同富裕，还有很长的路要走。中国将继续从本国国情出发，坚持走中国特色社会主义道路，坚持以经济建设为中心，坚持改革开放，全面推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设，真正做到发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享，努力实现以人为本、全面协调可持续的科学发展。

中国的前途命运日益紧密地同世界的前途命运联系在一起。中国越是发展，对世界的贡献就越大，给世界带来的机遇也越大。中国将始终不渝走和平发展道路，始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略，坚持在和平共处五项原则的基础上同所有国家发展友好合作。中国过去、现在、将来都是维护世界和平、促进共同发展的积极力量。

中国作为一个负责任的发展中大国，历来把促进共同发展作为外交政策的重要内容，尽力向其他发展中国家提供支持和帮助，已兑现对联合国《千年宣言》所作承诺。截至目前，中国向120多个国家提供了援助，累计免除49个重债穷国和最不发达国家债务，对40多个最不发达国家的商品给予零关税待遇。

国际金融危机发生以来，中国在面临巨大困难的情况下，保持人民币汇率基本稳定，为维护国际贸易健康发展发挥了重要作用。我们积极参与国际金融公司贸易融资计划，向国际货币基金组织提供融资支持并主要用于帮助发展中国家。我们同有关发展中国家签署双边货币互换协议。我们设立“中国-东盟投资合作基金”，为上海合作组织成员国提供信贷支持，积极参与东亚区域外汇储备库建设。

为进一步帮助发展中国家，中国还将采取以下举措。

——继续加强对受国际金融危机影响严重的发展中国家的支持，认真落实有关增资融资计划，加强贸易和投资合作，增强有关国家抵御金融风险和可持续发展能力。

——继续落实中国在联合国千年发展目标高级别会议上提出的帮助发展中国家加快发展的举措，促进联合国千年发展目标的实现。

——继续落实中非合作论坛北京峰会确定的各项援非举措，增加对非援助，减免非洲重债穷国和最不发达国家债务，扩大对非贸易和投资，在农业、卫生、教育、防灾减灾等领域向非洲国家提供人力和技术支持，加大面向非洲的人力资源培训。

——继续参与和推动地区货币金融合作，维护地区金融和经济形势稳定，促进地区金融合作和贸易发展。

主席先生、各位同事！

同舟共济、互利共赢是时代对我们的客观要求，也是实现各国共同发展繁荣的必由之路。让我们携起手来，共同分享发展机遇，共同应对各种挑战，为建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界而不懈努力！

谢谢各位。

第三篇：温家宝在第63届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言

坚持改革开放坚持和平发展

━━在第６３届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言

中华人民共和国国务院总理温家宝

（２００８年９月２４日）

主席先生：

今年，对于中国来说，是不平凡的一年。我们经历了两件大事：第一件事是汶川特大地震灾害造成了巨大的生命财产损失。中国人民在灾难面前表现了坚强、勇敢、团结和不屈不挠的精神。目前，受灾群众得到了妥善安置，恢复重建工作正在有条不紊地展开。第二件事是北京奥运会成功举办。这一体育盛会不仅为来自世界各地的运动员展示风采创造了良好的条件，而且让世界更多地了解中国，让中国更多地了解世界。在抗震救灾和举办奥运会的过程中，我们得到了国际社会的广泛理解、支持和帮助。在此，我代表中国政府和人民表示诚挚的感谢。

世界都在关注北京奥运会后中国政治经济走向。我可以明确地告诉大家，中国将继续坚定不移地走和平发展道路，继续坚持改革开放不动摇，继续贯彻独立自主的和平外交政策。这符合中国人民的根本利益，也符合世界人民的根本利益，顺应世界潮流。

这次北京奥运会是在中国这样一个最大的发展中国家举行的。国际社会对中国政府和人民为此做出的努力给予了高度评价。奥运会的成功举办，使中国人民受到了极大的鼓舞，增强了实现现代化的信心和力量。同时，我们清醒地看到，中国有１３亿人口，虽然经济总量已经位居世界前列，但人均收入水平仍排在世界１００位之后，城乡发展和区域发展很不平衡，农村特别是西部地区农村还很落后，还有数以千万计的人口没有解决温饱。中国仍然是一个发展中国家，生产力不发达的状况没有根本改变，进一步发展还受到资源、能源、环境等瓶颈的制约。中国的社会主义市场经济体制还不完善，民主法制还不健全，一些社会问题还比较突出。中国实现现代化的任务还很繁重，道路还很漫长。摆在我们面前的机遇和挑战都是空前的。抓住机遇，迎接挑战，聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展，这就是中国政府和中国人民的理念和行动。

中国发展靠什么？靠改革开放。今年是中国改革开放３０周年。改革开放从根本上改变了中国长期封闭落后和沉闷僵化的状况，打破了束缚人们的思想桎梏，调动了亿万人民群众的积极性，大大解放了生产力，有力地推动了经济社会的大发展，给中国大地带来了蓬勃生机和活力。中国３０年的变化，得益于改革开放。中国要实现富强民主文明和谐的现代化目标，仍然要靠改革开放。改革开放是决定当代中国命运的关键抉择，也是决定中国未来前途的战略方向。中国坚持改革开放的政策是坚定不移的。中华民族自古以来就有崇尚革新、兼收并蓄、博采众长的优秀传统和智慧。今天，中国人更从３０年改革开放的切身经验中体会到，只有不断而深入地推进经济体制、政治体制等各项改革，才是经济发展和社会进步的永恒动力；只有全面而持久地扩大对外开放，才是国家富强和民族繁荣的正确道路。这不但是实践探索的结论，也是历史经验的总结。

主席先生：

世界需要和平，和平才能发展。中国要实现自己的发展目标，渴望有一个和平的国际环境。中国政府坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，愿同各国加强合作，共同促进人类和平与发展的崇高事业。

尊重主权和互不干涉内政是国与国之间发展关系的前提。近代屈辱的历史使中国人民懂得，一个国家丧失主权，人民就没有尊严和地位。中国坚决捍卫来之不易的国家主权和领土完整，决不允许任何外来干涉。同时，中国坚持平等相待，尊重别国的主权和领土完整，尊重各国人民自主选择的社会制度和发展道路。

中国愿意在平等互利基础上，同所有国家发展友好关系，不以意识形态和社会制度定亲疏。在国际事务中，我们依照事情本身的是非曲直独立作出判断，根据国家利益和世界人民的福祉决定自己的立场，不盲从，不屈服于任何势力。在国际关系中，中国不结盟，更不当头，而且永远不结盟、不当头。

和平解决国际争端是联合国的宗旨，也是国际法的基本原则。中国坚持以对话和协商的方式处理与其它国家的历史遗留问题和现实分歧。同时，作为联合国安理会常任理事国，中国将一如既往地为推动和平解决国际热点问题和地区冲突发挥积极的建设性作用。

中国的发展是和平的发展，不会损害任何人，也不会威胁任何人。中国现在不称霸，将来也绝不称霸。中国保持和发展适当的军事力量，完全是为了维护国家主权和领土完整。当代中华民族的自信和荣光是建立在经济发展、社会公正、国民素质和道德力量的基础之上的。中国将以自身的发展促进世界的和平与发展。

主席先生：

在人类漫长的发展史上，世界各国的命运从未像今天这样紧密相连，休戚与共。面对气候变暖、环境恶化、资源紧缺、疫病和自然灾害频发、恐怖主义蔓延等一系列威胁人类生存和发展的全球性问题，面对当前金融、能源、粮食三大难题交织爆发的严峻局面，任何一个国家都无法置身其外，也难以单独应对。特别是当前国际金融动荡，已经波及许多国家，影响还会加剧，各国应当通力合作，迎接挑战。全世界的人们，包括各国的领导者，只要消除敌视、隔阂和偏见，以包容开放的胸怀坦诚相待，携手前行，人类一定会战胜各种困难，也一定会拥有一个更加光明美好的未来。中国作为一个负责的发展中大国，愿与国际社会一道，加强合作，共同分享机遇，应对挑战，为推动实现世界的和谐与可持续发展贡献力量。

谢谢大家！

Full text of Chinese premier's speech

at General Debate of 63rd Session of UN General Assembly

UNITED NATIONS, Sept.25(Xinhua)--The following is the full text of the speech delivered by Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao at the General Debate of the 63rd Session of the UN General Assembly on Wednesday.China Committed to Reform and Opening-up and Peaceful Development

Speech by H.E.Wen Jiabao

Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China At the General Debate of the 63rd Session of the UN General Assembly 24 September 2008 Mr.President，For China, this has been a special year.We experienced two major events.One was the devastating earthquake in Wenchuan, which caused grave losses of life and property.In the face of the disaster, the Chinese people showed great strength, courage, solidarity and resilience.By now, the people affected by the earthquake have been properly relocated and recovery and reconstruction work is well underway.The other was the successful hosting of the Beijing Olympic Games.This grand sporting event provided a good opportunity for athletes from around the world to show true sportsmanship.It also enabled the world to learn more about China and China more about the world.In our fight against the earthquake disaster and our efforts to host the Games, we received understanding, support and assistance from the international community.I wish to take this opportunity to express sincere gratitude on behalf of the Chinese Government and people.Now the whole world wants to know in what direction China is heading, both politically and economically, after the Beijing Olympic Games.Let me tell you in unequivocal terms that China will remain committed to the path of peaceful development, unswervingly pursue reform and opening-up, and continue to adhere to an independent foreign policy of peace.This is in the fundamental interests of the Chinese people and the people of all other countries.It is also in keeping with the trend of the world.The just concluded Olympic Games was held in China, the largest developing country in the world.The international community has highly commended the efforts made by the Chinese Government and people for the Games.And its success has greatly inspired the Chinese people and given them even more confidence and strength to achieve modernization of the country.At the same time, however, we are soberly aware that China is a country with 1.3 billion people.Though its total GDP is one of the highest in the world, it trails behind more than 100 countries in terms of per capita income.Development between urban and rural areas and among different regions in China is unbalanced.The rural areas, particularly those in western China, are underdeveloped.Tens of millions of Chinese lack adequate food and clothing.China is still a developing country, where productivity remains low and further development is constrained by the shortage of resources and energy and environmental consequences.Our socialist market economic system, democracy and the rule of law need to be further improved, and certain outstanding social issues are yet to be resolved.To achieve China's modernization is a daunting task and we still have a long way to go.Both the opportunities and challenges that we face are unprecedented.We will seize the opportunities, rise up to challenges, dedicate ourselves to nation-building and focus on development.This is what the Chinese Government and people have been thinking and doing.People may ask: How does China achieve its development? The answer is through reform and opening-up.This year marks the 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening-up policy, a policy that fundamentally changed the closed, backward, and ossified situation which had existed in China for years.It is a policy that freed people's mind and aroused their initiative, liberated the productive forces, generated great economic and social progress, and instilled vigor and vitality into the country.Without this policy, there would not have been such changes in China in the last 30 years.To achieve the goal of modernization and build a strong, prosperous, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious country, we will stick to the reform and opening-up policy.It is a choice of vital importance to the development of China today.It is also a strategy that will shape China's future.We are firm in carrying this policy forward.The Chinese nation has all along cherished the fine tradition and benefited from the wisdom of being open to new ideas and drawing on the strengths of others.The Chinese people have learned from 30 years of reform and opening-up that only continued economic and political restructuring and reform in other fields can lead to sustained economic growth and social progress, and only continued opening-up in an all-round way can lead the country to greater national strength and prosperity.This is the conclusion we have drawn both from our practice and exploration and from historical experiences.Mr.President，The world needs peace, for only with peace can there be development.China earnestly hopes to have a peaceful international environment in order to achieve its development goals.The Chinese Government is committed to an independent foreign policy of peace and stands ready to work with other countries to advance the noble cause of peace and progress of mankind.Respect for sovereignty and non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries is the prerequisite for sound state-to-state relations.The Chinese people have learned from their modern history of humiliation that when a country loses sovereignty, its people lose dignity and status.China is firm in upholding its hard-won sovereignty and territorial integrity and will never tolerate any external interference.Following the principle of treating each other as equals, China also respects the sovereignty and territorial integrity of other countries as well as the independent choice of their people for social systems and development paths.China is ready to develop friendly relations with all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit rather than on ideology or political system.In handling international affairs, we make our own judgment on the merit of each case and take our position in light of our national interests and the wellbeing of the world's people.We will neither blindly follow the position of others nor give way to the pressure of any forces.In international relations, China does not seek to build alliance or become a leader and will never do so in the future.Peaceful settlement of international disputes is a founding purpose of the United Nations and a basic principle of international law.China is committed to addressing issues left over from history and current differences with other countries through dialogue and negotiation.As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China will continue to play an active and constructive role in promoting peaceful settlement of international hotspot issues and regional conflicts.China's development is peaceful in nature.It will not harm anyone or pose a threat to anyone.China does not seek hegemony now, nor will it do so in the future.China keeps and develops an appropriate level of military capability solely for the purpose of safeguarding China's sovereignty and territorial integrity.The confidence and pride of the Chinese nation today are based on China's economic development, social justice, civility of the people and moral strength.China will, through its own development, contribute to peace and development of the world.Mr.President，In the long history of mankind, the destinies of countries have never been so closely linked as they are today.Given the global nature of issues threatening the survival and development of mankind such as climate change, environmental degradation, resources constraints, frequent outbreaks of diseases and natural disasters and the spread of terrorism, and in the face of the intertwining challenges of finance, energy and food, no country can expect to stay away from the difficulties or handle the problems all by itself.In particular, the international financial instability has spread to many countries now and its impact will grow even greater.All countries should work together to meet the challenges.So long as people of all countries, especially their leaders, can do away with hostility, estrangement and prejudice, treat each other with sincerity and an open mind, and forge ahead hand in hand, mankind will overcome all difficulties and embrace a brighter future.China, as a responsible major developing country, is ready to work with other members of the international community to strengthen cooperation, share opportunities, meet challenges and contribute to the harmonious and sustainable development of the world.Thank you.Full text of Chinese premier's speech

at General Debate of 63rd Session of UN General Assembly

Speech by H.E.Wen Jiabao

'Turning Your Eyes to China'

DEAN KIM CLARK: It's a great pleasure and a privilege to welcome you here today to this historic occasion.On behalf of the faculty and the staff and the students of the Harvard Business School I welcome all of you to our campus.We're certainly pleased to have Premier Wen here today on this great occasion.It's my good fortune to be able to introduce to you today my good friend, Bill Kirby, who is Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences.Bill.DEAN KIRBY: Thank you very much, Kim.The Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Harvard joins in welcoming all of you and our distinguished guests from the People's Republic of China.Today is a very important occasion, an opportunity for dialogue between members of the Harvard community and the leader of one of the most rapidly transforming and transformative countries in the world, whose future is closely intertwined with our own.And in this global era, universities serve an increasingly important function.We are points of connection and communication between citizens of different regions of the world.Harvard is honored to welcome Premier Wen and his delegation.As the first line of “The Analects” tells us, “How very glad we are to welcome friends from afar.” Our guest speaker today is, as you know, the Premier of the People's Republic of China, Premier Wen Jiabao.Seated to the Premier's left is Mr.Li Zhaoxing, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic.Next to Minister Li is Ma Kai, Minister of the National Development and Reform Commission.To Mr.Ma Kai's left is Mr.Wei Liqun, who is Director of the Research Office of the State Council.And seated next to the Director is the Honorable Yang Jiechi, the Ambassador of the People's Republic of China to the United States.And let me introduce the gentleman to my right.We have already had the pleasure of hearing from Dean Kim Clark of the Harvard Business School.And the gentleman to his right, Professor Dwight Perkins, the Director of the Harvard University Asia Center.To Professor Perkins' right is Professor Wilt Edema, Director of Harvard's Fairbank Center for East Asian Research, and to his right is the Honorable Clark Randt, the United States Ambassador to the People's Republic of China.Welcome, Ambassador Grant.Thank you all for coming, and may I now introduce our next speaker, ladies and gentlemen, the President of Harvard University, Lawrence Summers.PRESIDENT SUMMERS: Thanks very much, Bill.On a day like this I am particularly glad to have a distinguished scholar of Chinese history as the Dean of our Faculty of Arts and Sciences.Premier Wen, we are honored to have you here today.On behalf of the entire Harvard community and especially the 350 Chinese students at Harvard, and the nearly 500 scholars, teachers and professors at Harvard, I am delighted to welcome you to our university.When the history of our era is written a century or two from now I suspect that the end of the Cold War, the fall of the Berlin Wall, may be the second story in that history.The first story in that history may be the dramatic developments on the Asian continent over the last quarter century and the next, and at the center of that story is your country, China.This is surely a moment of promise, of risk, and of opportunity in China.And our distinguished speaker, Wen Jiabao, is poised to lead China into a new era with great potential for growth and prosperity.A geologist by training and an experienced public servant over more than three decades, Premier Wen has the very well-established reputation of being a very able and very well-trusted statesman.He and I had a chance to meet, it was my very great privilege to meet with him, when I traveled to China several years ago on behalf of the U.S.government, and I am now delighted to welcome to Harvard University Premier Wen.Premier Wen, we look forward to your remarks.PREMIER WEN: Mr.President, ladies and gentlemen.I would like to begin by sincerely thanking President Summers for his kind invitation.Harvard is a world famous institution of higher learning, attracting the best minds and bringing them up generation after generation.In its 367 years of history, Harvard has produced seven American presidents and more than 40 Nobel Laureates.You have reason to be proud of your university.It is my great pleasure today to stand on your rostrum and have this face-to-face exchange with you.I like young people very much.Because young people are always so energetic and they have the least conservative ideas, and they represent the future of our world.And this year during the outbreak of the SARS epidemic, I thought about the students.I cared a lot for them, and I wanted to gain strength from them.So that was why I went to our Tsinghua University to have lunch with them.And also I went to Beijing University and I had a chat with the students in the library.At that time probably you could not have imagined what an atmosphere we were in, but I felt that the young people were as hopeful as ever.They always dream about a beautiful future.They pointed to the trees outside the window and said to me, “People like to say that when all the leaves grow, when the tree becomes green all over, this crisis will be over.And they also said that they would all rather be the green leaves themselves, and they asked me, Premier, in this big tree, which part of the tree are you? I immediately replied, ”I'm also one of the leaves like you.“

I think the developments proved to be like they predicted.When spring came back, when the trees became green, this outbreak was driven away.As the speaker today, of course I think I need to explain myself a little bit to my audience, and I owe you this because in this way we can have a heart-to-heart discussion.As you know, as you probably know, I'm the son of a schoolteacher.I spent my childhood mostly in the smoke and fire of war.I was not as fortunate as you as a child.When Japanese aggressors drove all the people in my place to the Central Plaza, I had to huddle closely against my mother.Later on, my whole family and house were all burned up, and even the primary school that my grandpa built himself all went up in flames.In my work life, most of the time I worked in areas under the most harsh conditions in China.Therefore I know my country and my people quite well and I love them so deeply.The title of my speech today is ”Turning Your Eyes To China.“ China and the United States are far apart, and they differ, they differ greatly in the level of economic development and culture.[At this point a protester interrupted.]

Please allow me to continue with my speech.Ladies and gentlemen, I will not be disrupted.Because I'm deeply convinced that the 300 million American people do have friendly feelings towards the Chinese people.And I'm deeply convinced the development and improvement of China-U.S.relations will not only serve the interests of our two peoples but is also conducive to peace and stability of the whole world.I know that China and the United States are far apart geographically and they differ greatly in the level of economic development and a cultural background.I hope my speech will help increase our mutual understanding.In order to understand the true China, a changing society full of promises, it is necessary to get to know her yesterday, her today, and her tomorrow.China yesterday was a big ancient country that created a splendid civilization.As we all know in history of mankind there appeared the Mesopotamian civilization in West Asia, the ancient Egyptian civilization along the Nile in North Africa, the ancient Greek-Roman civilization along the northern bank of the Mediterranean, the ancient Indian civilization in the Indus River Valley in South Asia, and the Chinese civilization originating in the Yellow and Yangtze River Valleys.Owing to earthquake, flood, plague and famine, or to alien invasion or internal turmoil, some of these ancient civilizations withered away, some were destroyed and others became assimilated into other civilizations.Only the Chinese civilization, thanks to its strong cohesive power and inexhaustible appeal, has survived many vicissitudes intact.The 5,000-year-long civilization is the source of pride of every Chinese.The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long course.More than 2,000 years ago there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius.Taoism, represented by Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term, ”the masters' hundred schools.“ From Confucius to Dr.Sun Yat-sen, the traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas and qualities, which are essentially populist and democratic.For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, on seeking harmony without uniformity and on the idea that the world is for all.Especially, patriotism as embodied in the saying, ”everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country;“ the populist ideas that, people are the foundation of the country and that people are more important than the monarch;the code of conduct of, don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you;and the traditional virtues taught from generation to generation: long suffering and hard working diligence and frugality in household management, and respecting teachers and valuing education.All these have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society.On this year's Teacher's Day, which fell on the 10th of September, I specially went to see Professor Ji Xianlin of Peking University in his hospital ward.Professor Ji, 92 years old, is a great scholar in both Chinese and Western learning, and specializing in Oriental studies.I enjoy reading his prose.And he had a very good habit that is even in his hospital he would keep a journal, in fact a very beautiful essay about what he saw and did and felt for that particular day.And he studied a special Oriental language and probably he is among the very few in the world who actually knows this language.In our conversation we talked about the movement of Eastern learning spreading to the West, and also Western learning spreading to the East in modern times.In the 17th and 18th centuries, foreign missionaries translated Chinese classics into European languages and introduced them to Europe, and this aroused great interest in some eminent scholars and enlightenment thinkers there.Among them, Descartes, Leibniz, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Goethe and Kant all studied the traditional Chinese culture.In my younger days I read Voltaire's writings.He said that a thinker who wanted to study the history of this planet should first turn his eyes to the East, China included.He once said that when people in many other countries are debating about the origin of the human species the Chinese are already seriously writing about their history.Interestingly, one and a half centuries ago, R.W.Emerson, a famous American philosopher and outstanding Harvard graduate, also fell for the traditional Chinese culture.He quoted profusely from Confucius and Mencius in his essays.He placed Confucius on a par with Socrates and Jesus Christ, saying that we read the moral teachings of the Confucius school with profit today, though they were addressed to a state of society unlike ours.Rereading these words of Voltaire and Emerson today, I cannot but admire their wisdom and far sight.China today is a country in reform and opening up, and a rising power dedicated to peace.The late Dr.John King Fairbank used the following words to describe China's overpopulation and land scarcity.On the land owned by one farmer in the U.S., there might live hundreds of people forming a village in China.He went on to say that although the Americans were mostly farmers in the past, they never felt such pressure of population density.A large population and underdevelopment are the two facts China has to face.Since China has 1.3 billion people, I often like to say, I often like to make a very easy but at the same time very complicated division and multiplication.That is, any small individual problem multiplied by 1.3 billion becomes a big, big problem.And any considerable amount of financial and material resources divided by 1.3 billion becomes a very low per capita level.And becomes really small.This is a reality the Chinese leaders have to keep firmly in mind at all times.We can rely on no one else except ourselves to resolve the problems facing our 1.3 billion people.Since the founding of the People's Republic, we have achieved much in our national reconstruction.At the same time we have made a few detours and missed some opportunities.By 1978, with the adoption of the reform and opening up policies, we had ultimately found the right path of development.The Chinese people's path of independently building socialism with Chinese characteristics.The essence of this path of development is to mobilize all positive factors, emancipate and develop the productive forces, and respect and protect the freedom of the Chinese people to pursue happiness.China's reform and opening up have spread from rural areas to the cities, from the economic field to the political, cultural, and social arenas.Each and every step forward is designed in the final analysis to release the gushing vitality of labor, knowledge, technology, managerial expertise and capital, and allow all sources of social wealth to flow to the fullest extent.For quite some time in the past, China had a structure of highly centralized planned economy.With deepening restructuring towards the socialist market economy and progress in a development of democratic politics, there was gradual lifting of the former improper restrictions, visible and invisible, on people's freedom in the choice of occupation, mobility, enterprise, investment, information, travel, faith and lifestyles.This has brought extensive and profound changes never seen before in China's history.On one hand, the enthusiasm of the work force in both cities and countryside has been set free.In particular, hundreds of millions of farmers are now able to leave their old villages and move into towns and the cities, especially in the coastal areas.And tens of millions of intellectuals are now able to bring their talent and creativity into full play.On the other hand, the massive assets owned by the state can now be revitalized.A private capital pool in the amount of trillions of yuan can take shape, and more than 500 billion U.S.dollars' worth of overseas capital can flow in.This combination of capital and labor results in a drama of industrialization and urbanization of a size rarely seen in human history being staged on 9.6 million square kilometers of land called China.Here lies the secret of the 9.4 percent annual growth rate that Chinese economy has been able to maintain in the past 25 years.The tremendous wealth created by China in the past quarter of a century has not only enabled our 1.3 billion countrymen to meet their basic needs for food, clothing and shelter and basically realize a modestly comfortable standard of living but also contributed to world development.China owes all this progress to the policy of reform and opening up and in the final analysis to the freedom-inspired creativity of the Chinese people.It has become so clear to me that, at the current stage, China has an abundant supply of labor in proportion to her limited natural resources and short capital.If no effective measures are taken to protect the fundamental rights of our massive labor force, and in particular the farmer workers coming to the cities, they may end up a miserable plight as described in the novels by Charles Dickens and Theodore Dreiser.Without effective protection of the citizens' rights to property, it will be difficult to attract and accumulate valuable capital.Therefore the Chinese government is committed to protecting the fundamental rights of all the working and the right to property, both public and private.This has been explicitly provided for in China's laws and put into practice.China's reform and opening-up is exactly aimed at promoting human rights in China.The two are mutually dependent and reinforcing.Reform and opening-up creates conditions for the advancement of human rights, and the advancement of human rights invigorates the former.If one separates the two and thinks that China only goes after economic growth and ignores the protection of human rights, such a view does not square with the facts.Just as President FDR said, true individual freedom cannot exist without economic security and independence, and necessitous men are not free men.I am not suggesting that China's human rights situation is impeccable.The Chinese government has all along been making earnest efforts to correct the malpractices and negative factors of one kind or another in the human rights field.It is extremely important and difficult in China to combine development, reform and stability.Seeing is believing.If our friends come to China and see for themselves, they will be able to judge objectively and appreciate the progress made there in human rights and the Chinese government's hard work in upholding human rights since the beginning of reform and opening-up.China is a large developing country.It is neither proper nor possible for us to rely on foreign countries for development.We must and we can only rely on our own efforts.In other words, while opening still wider to the outside world, we must more fully and more consciously depend on our own structural innovation, on constantly expanding the domestic market, on converting the huge savings of our citizens into investment, and on improving the quality of the population and scientific and technological progress to solve the problems of resources and the environment.Here lies the essence of China's relative peaceful rise and development.Of course, China is still a developing country.There is an obvious gap between its urban and rural areas and between its eastern and western regions.If you travel to the coastal cities in China's southeast, you will see modern size skyscrapers, busy traffic, and brightly lit streets.But that is not what China is all about.In vast rural areas of China, especially in the central and western rural parts, there are still many backward places.Not long ago, Secretary Evans of Commerce had a talk with me about China/U.S.economic relations and trade.Before he met with me he went to see some rural areas in China's west and in our meeting he showed me two pictures he shot in his visit and reflected the state of backwardness in those quarters.And in fact he felt strongly about what he saw.He said that he would never forget the people that he met within that trip.I said to him that out of the total of 2,500 counties in China I have personally been to 1,800 of them and I've been to the poorest areas in China.I said to him that what you saw in fact is not the poorest of areas and I said that if you can see what China really is then our discussion today would be very easy.And our conversation did indeed turn out to be very interesting and useful.In those poor and remote mountain villages folks still use manual labor and animals to till the land.They live in houses made of sun-dried mud bricks.In times of severe drought there will be scarcity of drinking water for people and animals.I often remember in my mind two lines from a poem written by Mr.Chen Banjao in 18th century.That is:

The rustling of bamboo outside my door Sounds like the moaning of the needy poor.As the premier of China I'm often torn with anxiety and unable to eat or sleep with ease when I think of the fact that there are still 30 million farmers lacking food, clothing and shelter, 23 million city dwellers living on subsistence allowances and 60 million disabled and handicapped people in need of social security aid.For China to reach the level of developed countries it will still take the sustained hard work of several generations, a dozen generations or even dozens of generations.China tomorrow will continue to be a major country that loves peace and has a great deal to look forward.Peace loving has been a time-honored quality of the Chinese nation.The very first emperor of the Qin Dynasty commanded the building of the Great Wall 2,000 years ago for defense purposes.The Tang Dynasty opened up the Silk Road one thousand years ago in order to sell silk, tea and porcelain to other parts of the world.Five hundred years ago, Zheng He, the famous diplomat navigator of the Ming Dynasty, led seven maritime expeditions to seek friendly ties with other countries, taking along China's exquisite products, advanced farming and handicraft skills.The great Russian writer Leo Tolstoy once called the Chinese nation the oldest and largest nation, and, the most peace-loving nation in the world.As the modern times began, the ignorance, corruption and self-imposed seclusion of the feudal dynasties led China to prolonged social stagnation, declining national strength and repeated invasions by the foreign powers.Despite compounded disasters and humiliation, the Chinese nation never gave up, and managed to emerge from each setback stronger than before.A nation learns a lot more in times of disaster and setback than in normal times.Now, China has laid down her three-step strategy towards modernization.From now to the year 2020, China will complete the building of a comfortable society in an all-round way.By 2049, the year the People's Republic will celebrate its centenary, we will have reached the level of a medium-developed country.We have no illusions but believe that on our way forward, we shall encounter many difficulties foreseeable and unpredictable and face all kinds of tough challenges.We cannot afford to lose such a sense of crisis.Of course, the Chinese government and people are confident enough to overcome all the difficulties and achieve our ambitious goals through our vigorous efforts.This is because the overriding trend of the present-day world is towards peace and development.China's development is blessed with a rare period of strategic opportunities.And if we don't grasp it, it will slip away.We are determined to secure a peaceful international environment and a stable domestic environment in which to concentrate on our own development, and with it to help promote world peace and development.This is because the socialism China adheres to is brimming with vigor and vitality.From the day when I became Prime Minister, I made an analogy.I said that socialism is like an ocean that takes in all the rivers and will never go dry.While planting our feet solidly on our national conditions we will boldly press ahead with reform and opening-up, and boldly absorb all fine achievements of human civilizations.There is no limit to the life and exuberance of a socialism that is good at self-readjustment and self-improvement.This is because 25 years of reform and opening-up has given China a considerable material accumulation, and her economy has gained a foothold in the world.The motivation of China's millions to pursue happiness and create wealth is an inexhaustible reservoir of drive for the country's modernization.This is because the Chinese nation has rich and profound cultural reserves.Harmony without uniformity is a great idea put forth by ancient Chinese thinkers.It means harmony without sameness, and difference without conflict.Harmony entails co-existence and co-prosperity, while difference conduces to mutual complementation and mutual support.To approach and address issues from such a perspective will not only help enhance relations with friendly countries, but also serve to resolve contradictions in the international community.Ladies and Gentlemen, A deeper mutual understanding is a two-way process.I hope American people, young people in this country, will turn their eyes to China.I also trust that our young people will turn their eyes more to the United States.The United States is a great country.Since the days of the early settlers the Americans with their toughness, frontier spirit, pragmatism, innovation, and their respect for knowledge, admission of talents, their scientific tradition and rule of law, have forged the prosperity of this country.The composure, courage and readiness to help one another shown by the American people in the face of the September 11th terrorist attacks are truly admirable.Entering the 21st century, mankind is confronted with more complicated economic and social problems.The cultural element will have a more important role to play in the new century.Different nations may speak different languages, but the people's hearts and feelings are interlinked.Different cultures may present manifold features, yet they often share the same rational core elements that can always be passed on by people.The civilizations of different nations are all fruits of human wisdom and contribution to human progress;they call for mutual respect.Conflicts triggered by ignorance or prejudice are sometimes more dreadful than those caused by contradictory interests.We propose to seek common in a spirit of equality and tolerance, and carry on extensive inter-civilization dialogue and closer cultural exchanges.In his poem, ”Malvern Hill," the famous American poet Herman Melville wrote:

Wag the world how it will.Leaves must be green in Spring.The youth represents the future of the nation and the world.Faced with the bright prospect of China-U.S.relations in the new century, I hope the young people of China and the young people of the United States will join their hands more closely.Ladies and Gentlemen, Chinese forefathers formulated their goals as follows:

To ordain conscience for Heaven and Earth.To secure life and fortune for the people.To continue lost teachings for past sages.To establish peace for all future generations.Today, mankind is in the middle of a period of drastic social change.It would be a wise approach for all countries to carry forward their fine cultural heritages by tracing back their origin, passing on the essentials, learning from one another and breaking new ground.My appeal is that we work together with our wisdom and strength for the progress and development of human civilization.Our success will do credit to our forbears and bring benefit to our posterity.In this way, our children and their children will be able to live in a more peaceful, more tranquil and more prosperous world.I am convinced that such an immensely bright and beautiful tomorrow will arrive.Thank you for your attention.Now I'll be happy to take questions from you.You may raise your hands.DEAN KIRBY: Thank you, Premier Wen, for your wide ranging and very interesting historical perspective.And as a historian I have many questions I would like to ask you, but it's not my turn.We have several questions that have been submitted by our students, and I just have to tell you that students ask much harder questions than deans.So if I may read you one question that has been submitted by our students.Premier Wen, what do you feel are the prospects for democracy in China? Do you envisage any changes in the role of the Communist Party? For example, do you envisage contested direct elections for township, county, and provincial governments?

PREMIER WEN: There's no question that to develop democracy, the objective of our endeavor, all our efforts will be aimed at building China into a prosperous, democratic, civilized and modern country.We once said that without democracy there will be no socialism.To develop socialist democracy some specific measures will have to be taken.First, we need to improve the election system.Just now you mentioned election in China.Among China's 680,000 villages we carry out direct election for the Villager's Committee.And direct/indirect election is carried out at counties and the municipalities where they don't have districts.And we also have indirect election for officials at provincial and central level.Because conditions are not ripe yet for direct election of senior officials, China is such a big country and our economic development is so uneven, to start with I think the educational level of the population is not high enough.Second, we should let the people supervise the work of the government and be critical of the performance of the government.Only when we allow the people to supervise the performance of the government, the government cannot afford to slack in its efforts in serving the people.And only when the government accepts the criticism from the public we can ensure the success of all policy.In China it would be a time-consuming process to develop China's democracy perfectly.But if you look at the U.S.history it is also time consuming for U.S.to develop its democracy from the days of the Declaration of Independence in the year 1776 to the Civil War in 1860s, and to the incidents of Martin Luther King in the 1960s.Just now in the speech I quoted President Roosevelt.He said the necessitous men were not free men.In fact in preparing his Declaration of Independence President Jefferson also placed the right to development before anything else.President Jefferson put the right to life before anything else.So we need to work to improve the living standards of 1.3 billion Chinese people.This is a big challenge ahead.Thank you.People sometimes have mixed feelings about giving a speech in Harvard.They like to come here very much because Harvard is so famous as a gathering place of the best brains in the world.But at the same time they also feel afraid because they know from the faculty and students there will be touch questions.Before I arrived here I kept recalling one remark my mother always said to me.According to my mother a person should try to be truthful, honest, sincere and candid.If a people can reach these standards then he will find himself with a very highest state of mind.I may not be able to give you good answers, yet I always speak from my mind and tell you the truth.DEAN KIRBY: A question from the floor.Yes ma'am.WOMAN: My name is Changju.I'm from the Harvard School of Education, and I came here two years ago.I got my Bachelor of Arts degree from Beijing University, from the English Department.And my question is, we are very excited that Beijing is going to host the 2008 Olympic Games, and when Premier Wen has said that we're going to do our best to host the Olympic Games, so I was wondering what kind of aspects are you talking about.Thank you.PREMIER WEN: It seems that she is more nervous than I am.I don't know about the audience if there are more Chinese students or more American students.But since you mentioned the Olympic Games that is to be hosted by China, it reminds me of a sad story in the past.Before China was liberated, before PRC was founded in '49, we at that time were only able to send one athlete by name of Yo Jangjin, he was a short distance runner, to participate in the Olympic Games.The game was held in the United States so he took a ship and had a long journey.He was already exhausted after the long journey when he reached the United States.He was the only representative of China in the Olympic Games.He did not win any medal but he had the support and attention and care of the entire Chinese population.Now it's a different story.The Olympic Games is going to be held in China.This is because China has developed itself to a great extent, and China already has the respect of the international community.I said we will stage an excellent game in China.This will mean that it will be of very high standard.But at the same time I have to say that China is still a developing country.We have to practice economy.We cannot squander the resources away.Thank you.DEAN KIRBY: The gentleman far up in the white shirt, there sir?

MAN: I hope it's OK if I speak in English for this question.You mentioned in your visit with President Bush a couple of days ago that you are hoping to encourage American imports into China to balance the trade deficit.And I was wondering what steps China will be taking to encourage American imports into China.PREMIER WEN: Indeed the Americans have a strong interest in seeing more U.S.products to be sold in Chinese market.And I also discussed this with President Bush yesterday.It will be fair to draw attention to the fact that in recent two years the U.S.export to China has grown.Last year while the U.S.export to the rest of the world grew at a rate of only two to three percent, U.S.export to China grew by 15 percent.And the first 10 months of this year U.S.export to China grew by 26 percent.We have to recognize the fact that in the trade relationship United States does run a quite significant deficit with China.I had a very good discussion with President Bush.The two of us did not get bogged down on the small details, so precisely as described by the famous poem in China, was the ascent to the top of the Mountain Tai, where the other peaks are simply dwarfed.I proposed to President Bush five principles on further expansion of our economic cooperation in trade.And the first principle is mutual benefits and a win-win situation.We need to think broadly.Each side must take into account the interests of the other side.Second, we need to find a solution to the trade imbalance problem through the expansion of trade.To cut back China's export to the U.S.market is not a good solution.The better solution is for U.S.to increase its export to China.

第四篇：李克强在国务院发展研究中心调研时讲话(全文)

李克强在国务院发展研究中心调研时强调

凝聚各方智慧实施好“十二五”规划

《人民日报》（2011年11月11日01 版）

新华社北京１１月１０日电１１月１０日，中共中央政治局常委、国务院副总理李克强在国务院发展研究中心调研时强调，要凝聚各方智慧，围绕落实主题主线，加强重大问题和重大政策研究，应对复杂形势，推动“十二五”规划全面实施，促进经济长期平稳较快发展。

李克强来到中心的国研信息网和研究成果展示厅，了解有关经济数据库建设和最新研究进展情况。他说，当前世界经济的变数明显增多，国内经济也出现了不少新情况，需要密切跟踪并及时掌握国内外信息，深入分析并准确把握发展趋势，统筹兼顾提出应对措施，既努力化解影响当前经济运行的制约因素，又推动解决长期积累的深层次矛盾，提高宏观调控的针对性、灵活性和前瞻性，继续巩固我国经济良好发展态势。

随后，李克强与中心的专家进行了座谈。大家结合各自研究领域，就涉及发展和改革的重点问题提出了看法和建议。李克强不时与专家们交流讨论。他说，“十二五”时期，保持经济平稳较快发展，必须做好转变经济发展方式这篇大文章，而转方式的主攻方向是调结构，其中一个重要方面就是要构建扩大内需的长效机制，在扩大开放的条件下扩大内需。他强调，扩内需的最雄厚潜力在城镇化，今后几年还有几千万农村人口将进入城镇，会对消费和投资形成强大的带动作用，从而有力地拉动经济增长。积极稳妥地推进城镇化是个长期过程，如何更好地统筹城乡，加快现代农业发展步伐，促进大中小城市和小城镇协调发展，还需要不断探索。李克强指出，扩大内需需要产业支撑，产业发展也会创造新的需求。服务业是内需潜力最大的产业，也是促进各产业融合、支撑城镇化发展、推动经济转型的重要引擎。我国服务业总体上还是短板，发展的潜力巨大，前景广阔。大力发展服务业，不仅可以更多带动就业、满足群众多样化需求，而且可以推动科技创新，更好地发挥人力资源的优势。要针对存在的制约因素，研究更多更有效的政策，加大对劳动密集型服务业和研发等知识密集型服务业的支持力度，促进服务业规模持续扩大、水平不断提高，推动三次产业协调发展。

李克强说，国之本在于厚民生，民生连着内需、连着发展、连着公平。要积极探索有效途径，调整收入分配结构，提高“两个比重”，实现“两个同步”。这不仅有利于提升人们生活水平和质量，也有利于释放城乡居民庞大的潜在消费需求。要适应群众新期待，研究破解难题，下力气推进义务教育、基本医疗、保障性住房等重大民生工程，推进基本公共服务逐步均等化。李克强强调，转方式是一场广泛而深刻的变革，需要健全的机制保障。转方式每前进一步，改革就必须深化一步。要围绕扩大国内需求、优化产业结构、促进自主创新、加强节能环保、保障改善民生等重点任务，全面推进各领域改革，深化财税、金融、价格等改革。既注重做好顶层设计和总体规划，又尊重群众首创精神。他说，我国经济和世界经济已深度融合，要实施更加积极主动的开放战略，不断拓展广度和深度，以开放促发展、促改革、促创新。

李克强充分肯定国务院发展研究中心在政策研究咨询中取得的成绩，希望大家继续紧盯重大问题和发展趋势，深入调研，提出前瞻性强、可操作性强的政策建议，把中心建成服务国家经济社会发展的一流智库。

国务院有关部门负责人陪同调研并参加座谈会。

第五篇：杨洁篪在第66届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言(双语)

共迎挑战共同发展

——在第66届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言

Work Together to Meet Challenges and Pursue Common Development Statement by at the General Debate of the 66th Session of the UN General Assembly

中华人民共和国外交部长杨洁篪

H.E.Yang Jiechi Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China

二O一一年九月二＋六日

纽约 New York, 26 September 2011

主席先生：

Mr.President，祝贺阁下荣任本届大会主席，相信你将以出色的能力和丰富的经验完成这一崇高使命。同时也感谢戴斯先生在担任上届联大主席期间所做的积极贡献。我还想借此机会，对南苏丹共和国加入联合国大家庭，成为第193个会员国表示热烈祝贺！

I wish to begin by congratulating you on your election as president of the 66th Session of the General Assembly.I am confident that, with your outstanding ability and rich experience, you will fulfill this lofty mission.I wish to thank Mr.Deiss for his contribution as president of the last session.I also wish to take this opportunity to extend warm congratulations to the Republic of South Sudan on joining the family of the United Nations as its193rd member.主席先生，女士们，先生们：

Mr.President, Ladies and Gentlemen，我们已经走过21世纪的第一个十年。回首过去的十年，世界多极化、经济全球化深入发展，国家间相互依存日趋加深，科技革命深刻地改变着人类社会的面貌。同时，各种传统、非传统安全威胁和全球性挑战相互交织，世界并不安宁。我们现正迈入新世纪第二个十年，世界的和平与发展经历着很不平凡的历史进程。国际形势继续深刻复杂变化，在总体和平的大背景下，各种不稳定、不确定因素增多，发展问题更加严重，实现共同发展比任何时候都更加重要，也更加紧迫。

The first decade of the 21st century is now behind us.During this decade, the trend towards a multipolar world and economic globalization gained momentum.Countries became increasingly interdependent.Revolution in science and technology brought about profound transformation of the human society.On the other hand, various traditional and non-traditional security threats and global challenges were intertwined, and the world was far from a peaceful place.As the second decade of the new century begins, the world has entered an extraordinary historical stage in its pursuit of peace and development, and it continues to undergo profound and complex changes.Factors of uncertainty and instability are increasing despite the generally peaceful international environment.Development is becoming an increasingly serious issue, and promoting common development has become a more important and pressing task than ever before.当前，全球发展面临新的重要关口。世界经济复苏进程脆弱，国际金融市场动荡，可持续发展任务艰巨，世界经济面临“增长关”。西亚北非部分国家政局持续动荡，恐怖主义滋长蔓延，全球性挑战不断上升，国际形势面临“稳定关”。南北发展不平衡依然突出，国际金融危机导致全球极度贫困人口新增6400万，饥饿人口接近10亿，完成联合国千年发展目标任务急迫，各方亟待加强合作，帮助最不发达国家迈过“温饱关”。

Global development is now at a new critical juncture.Global recovery remains fragile, international financial markets are volatile and the pursuit of sustainable development faces daunting challenges.The world economy therefore has to meet the crucial test of maintaining growth.Some countries in west Asia and north Africa are in continual political turmoil.Terrorist threats are spreading, and global challenges are growing.The international community faces a critical test of maintaining stability.The gap in development between the South and the North is as wide as ever.The population living in absolute poverty has increased by 64 million due to the international financial crisis, and nearly one billion people suffer from starvation.Meeting the UN Millennium Development Goals calls for urgent actions.It is imperative to step up international cooperation to help the least developed countries(LDCs)meet the test of ensuring basic living needs of their people.在挑战面前，我们实现共同发展的使命重大，也面临难得的新机遇。经济全球化使各国利益融合更加紧密，以合作谋安全、以稳定促发展成为普遍共识；各国纷纷以创新思维应对发展难题，发达国家积极巩固财政，采取经济刺激措施，加快经济结构调整，努力摆脱危机困扰。广大发展中国家总体保持良好发展势头，尤其值得一提的是，一批新兴经济体国家加快发展，带动着世界经济的增长；全球经济治理机制改革稳步推进，各种区域合作机制蓬勃发展；各方加快发展绿色经济，探索可持续发展方式，为共同发展提供了新的动力和空间。

In the face of these challenges, we share an important mission to achieve common development, and we also have rare new opportunities.Economic globalization has made the interests of countries more closely interconnected.Ensuring security through cooperation and promoting development through stability has become our shared desire.Countries are addressing development challenges in innovative ways.To overcome crisis, developed countries have taken steps to improve their fiscal conditions, adopted stimulus measures and accelerated economic structural adjustment.Developing countries as a whole have maintained good momentum of growth.In particular, the rapid growth in some emerging economies has driven the growth of the world economy.Progress has been made in the reform of the global economic governance structure, and various regional cooperation mechanisms are growing.Efforts to accelerate the development of green economy and explore new modes of sustainable growth have created new momentum and space for common development.面对新的机遇和挑战，如何同舟共济、共克时艰，实现互利共赢和共同发展，这是历史赋予我们的共同责任和使命。为此：

Faced with both new opportunities and challenges, we should work as a team to overcome difficulties and pursue mutual benefit and common development.This is the responsibility and mission that history bestows upon all of us.And to fulfill our mission, we need to take the following steps:

我们要努力培育世界经济复苏的良好势头。国际金融危机深层次影响仍未消除，经济复苏的脆弱性和不平衡性还相当突出。我们要加强沟通协调，释放团结、合作、共赢的强有力信号，以增强国际社会对世界经济复苏和发展的信心。我们要推动建立公平、公正、包容、有序的国际货币金融体系，增加新兴市场国家和发展中国家的发言权和代表性。中方支持二十国集团从短期危机应对机制向长效经济治理机制转型，在全球经济治理中发挥更大作用，推动世界经济全面复苏和增长。我们支持新兴市场国家为探索全球经济合作新模式所作的努力和实践。我们坚决反对各种形式的保护主义，主张加强多边贸易体制，照顾最不发达国家关切，推动多哈回合谈判实现发展回合目标。

We should foster sound momentum for global economic recovery.The underlying impact of the international financial crisis has yet to dissipate, and economic recovery is still fragile and uneven.We should intensify consultation and coordination and send a strong message of solidarity and win-win cooperation so as to strengthen international confidence in global recovery and growth.We should work for a fair, just, inclusive and orderly international monetary and financial system and increase the voice and representation of emerging markets and developing countries.China supports the transition of the G20 from a short-term crisis response mechanism to a long-term mechanism of economic governance.The G20 should play a bigger role in global economic governance and in promoting the full recovery and growth of the world economy.We support the efforts of emerging markets to explore new modes of international economic cooperation.We strongly oppose protectionism in all its forms and call for strengthening the multilateral trading regime.The concerns of the least developed countries should be addressed, and efforts should be made to make the Doha Round achieve its development objectives.我们要努力营造合作发展的政治基础。国家不分大小、强弱、贫富，都是国际社会平等一员，其平等发展的权利应切实得到保障。相互尊重、平等相待是国际关系的基本准则，也是实现共同发展的重要保障。当前形势下，坚持《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则，维护联合国的权威和作用，切实遵守不干涉内政原则，推进国际关系民主化具有特别重要的现实意义。我们应尊重各国的主权和领土完整，一国内部事务只能由本国人民自己决定，反对以任何方式和借口干涉别国内政。世界的多样性是人类社会发展的宝贵财富，应被视为国家间取长补短、交流互鉴的有利条件，而不应成为国际关系中以大欺小、以富压贫的借口。我们应尊重各国自主选择发展道路的权利，尊重文明多样性，本着开放包容、求同存异的精神，在交流互鉴、取长补短中共同进步。

我们要努力争取稳定发展的安全环境。历史经验一再表明，稳定与发展相伴相随，发展不好，稳定不了；同样，没有稳定，也就没有发展。我们应按照《联合国宪章》宗旨和原则的要求，坚持用和平方式解决国际争端和热点问题，反对任意使用武力或以武力相威胁，反对一切形式的恐怖主义、分裂主义和极端主义，促进人类社会的共同安全。

中方尊重苏丹及南苏丹人民的自主选择，希望南苏丹这个新生国家稳定发展。国际社会应继续支持和鼓励苏丹和南苏丹通过对话与协商妥善解决悬而未决的问题，和睦相处，共同发展，维护地区和平稳定大局。中方一直积极劝和促谈，推动苏丹与南苏丹和平进程，支持妥善解决达尔富尔问题。我们将继续与国际社会一道，为推动实现地区的和平、稳定与发展发挥建设性作用。

中方一贯支持巴勒斯坦独立建国正义事业，支持巴成为联合国会员国，支持通过政治谈判推进“两国方案”，建立以1967年边界为基础、以东耶路撒冷为首都、拥有完全主权、独立的巴勒斯坦国，主张平衡推进叙以、黎以两线和谈，最终实现中东地区全面、公正、持久和平以及阿以和平共处。希望国际社会和有关各方为此作出不懈努力，推动中东和平进程持续向前发展。

中方高度关注西亚北非地区局势动荡，主张坚持不干涉内政原则，尊重和支持地区国家自主处理内部事务，尊重地区国家人民的愿望诉求。希望地区国家有关各方通过政治对话化解分歧，尽快恢复稳定和正常秩序。当前，利比亚已进入从战乱向国家重建过渡的关键阶段。中方尊重利人民的选择，承认利“国家过渡委员会”为利执政当局和利人民的代表。希望利各方在“过渡委”的领导下，开启包容性政治过渡进程，维护利的民族团结与国家统一，尽快实现利局势稳定并开展经济重建。中方支持联合国在利战后重建进程中发挥主导作用，支持联合国利比亚支助团及早开展工作。中方高度关注叙利亚局势发展，希望叙各方保持克制，避免一切形式的暴力行为和更多流血冲突，推动局势尽快走向缓和。我们认为，以推进改革为目标，以由叙主导的包容性政治进程为框架，以对话协商为手段，是化解叙当前危机的正确途径。国际社会应尊重叙的主权、独立和领土完整，慎重应对和处理叙问题，避免叙局势进一步动荡并危及地区和平。

We should lay the political foundation for cooperative development.All countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are equal members of the international community, and their equal right to development should be protected.Mutual respect and equality are the basic norms governing international relations and constitute the important guarantee for common development.In the current context, it is of particular and practical importance to adhere to the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, to uphold the authority and role of the United Nations, to observe in good faith the principle of non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, and to promote democracy in international relations.We should respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries, and the internal affairs of a country should be decided by its own people.We oppose interference in other countries’ internal affairs by whatever means and under whatever pretext.Diversity of the world is a valuable asset for the development of human society.It should be seen as a positive factor for countries to learn from each other, and it should not be used as an excuse for the big to bully the small or the rich to ride roughshod over the poor in international relations.We should respect the right of each country to pursue the development path of its choice and respect diversity of civilizations.And we should seek common progress by drawing on each other’s strength with an open and inclusive mind and in a spirit of seeking common ground while reserving differences.We should foster a security environment conducive to stability and development.History has repeatedly shown that stability and development go hand in hand.Without stability, there can be no development;and without development, there can be no stability.In keeping with the requirement of the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, we should always use peaceful means to settle international disputes and hotspot issues, oppose willful use or threat of force, oppose terrorism, separatism and extremism in all their forms, and uphold the common security of mankind.China respects the independent choice of the people of Sudan and South Sudan and hopes that the new-born country of South Sudan will enjoy stability and development.The international community should continue to give support to and encourage Sudan and South Sudan to properly resolve their outstanding issues through dialogue and consultation, pursue amicable relations and common development, and uphold regional peace and stability.China has encouraged Sudan and South Sudan to resolve their dispute through peaceful negotiation and has worked hard to advance the peace process between them, and we support the proper settlement of the Darfur issue.We will continue to work with the international community and play a constructive role in pushing forward regional peace, stability and development.China consistently supports the just cause of establishing an independent Palestinian state and supports Palestine’s membership in the United Nations.We support efforts to achieve the “two-state solution” through political negotiation so as to establish, on the basis of the 1967 borders, an independent Palestinian state that enjoys full sovereignty with East Jerusalem as its capital.We believe that progress should be made in parallel in the peace talks between Syria and Israel and between Lebanon and Israel with a view to eventually achieving comprehensive, just and durable peace in the Middle East and peaceful coexistence between the Arab countries and Israel.We hope that the international community and parties concerned will make unremitting efforts toward this end and sustain the Middle East peace process.China is greatly concerned about the turbulence in west Asia and north Africa.We stand for the principle of non-interference, respect and support countries in the region in independently handling their internal affairs, and respect the aspirations of the people in the region.We hope that the parties concerned in the countries of the region will resolve their differences through political dialogue and speedily restore stability and order in their respective countries.Libya has now entered into a critical transitional stage from war and turmoil to national reconstruction.China respects the choice of the Libyan people and recognizes the National Transitional Council(NTC)as the governing authorities of Libya and the representative of its people.We hope that under NTC’s leadership, the parties in Libya will set in motion an inclusive process of political transition, maintain ethnic harmony and national unity, restore stability as soon as possible and begin economic reconstruction.China supports the United Nations in playing a leading role in Libya’s post-conflict reconstruction and supports the United Nations Support Mission in Libya(UNSMIL)in starting its mission as quickly as possible.China is also greatly concerned about the developments in Syria.We hope that parties in Syria will exercise restraint, avoid any form of violence or more bloodshed and conflict, and act quickly to ease tension.We believe that a Syria-led, inclusive political process aimed at promoting reform and advanced through dialogue and consultation is the right way to resolve the current crisis in Syria.The international community should respect the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Syria, and handle the Syrian issue in a prudent way so as to prevent further turbulence in Syria and its repercussions on regional peace.中方欢迎朝鲜半岛局势出现的积极变化，认为对话协商是解决朝鲜半岛问题的唯一有效途径，六方会谈是推进半岛无核化、维护半岛和东北亚地区和平稳定的有效机制。中方一直积极劝和促谈，努力为缓和半岛紧张局势、维护半岛和平稳定发挥独特作用。近来朝韩、朝美重启对话，中方对此表示欢迎。希望有关各方抓住机遇，保持对话接触，争取早日重启六方会谈。

China welcomes the positive developments on the Korean Peninsula.We believe that dialogue and consultation are the only effective way to address the issues of the Korean Peninsula and the Six Party Talks are an effective mechanism to advance the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and uphold peace and stability both on the Peninsula and in Northeast Asia.China has been working hard to promote peace through dialogue and has played a unique role in easing tension and maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula.China welcomes the recent resumption of dialogue between the DPRK and the ROK and between the DPRK and the US.We hope that the parties concerned will seize the opportunity, remain engaged in dialogue and work for an early resumption of the Six Party Talks.我们要努力促进南北平衡发展。世界经济最大的不平衡是南北发展不平衡。没有平衡的发展，就很难有可持续的发展；没有欠发达国家摆脱贫困、实现经济发展，就没有世界的共同繁荣。当前，全球如期实现联合国千年发展目标时间紧迫、任务艰巨，发达国家应切实兑现官方发展援助承诺，开放市场、减免债务、加大对发展中国家的资金和技术支持；国际金融机构的资源应该优先用于帮助发展中国家尤其是最不发达国家。发展中国家应积极探索有利于实现发展、消除贫困的发展方式，实现更高水平发展。近来，粮食安全挑战十分突出，非洲之角发生了60年来最为严重的旱灾，引发大面积饥荒。国际社会应加大援助力度，稳定粮食等大宗商品价格，帮助发展中国家提高自主发展的能力，让共让发展的成果惠及所有国家和地区。

We should promote balanced development between the South and the North.The uneven development between the South and the North is the there can hardly be sustainable development.Unless underdeveloped countries shake off poverty and grow their economy, there can be no common prosperity of the world.To attain the Millennium Development Goals on a global scale on schedule is an urgent and arduous task.Developed countries should honor their commitment on official development assistance, open markets, reduce and cancel debts and step up financial and technological support to developing countries.International financial institutions should use their resources to help developing countries, and particularly the LDCs, on a priority basis.Developing countries, on their part, should explore growth models conducive to development and poverty alleviation in order to achieve development at a higher level.Food security has emerged as a major challenge.The Horn of Africa is suffering from massive famine triggered by the most severe drought in 60 years.The international community should scale up assistance, stabilize the prices of food and other commodities and help developing countries enhance capacity for self-development so that all countries and regions can enjoy the benefits of common development.主席先生：

Mr.President，21世纪头十年是世界大发展、大变革、大调整的十年，也是中国持续快速发展、同世界的关系发生深刻改变的十年，中国发展取得的成绩以及中国今后发展走向受到各方高度关注。

The world witnessed major development, major transformation and major adjustment in the first decade of the 21st century.During this decade, China enjoyed sustained and fast development and its relations with the outside world underwent profound changes.China’s development achievements and its future course have become a focus of international attention.十年来，中国人民经过艰苦不懈努力，实现了经济实力的进一步提升和人民生活水平的显著提高。中国己经成为世界第二大经济体、第一大出口国、第二大进口国和全球最大的新兴市场，解决了13亿人的温饱问题，大幅度减少了绝对贫困人口。但与此同时，中国发展所面对的困难也不容忽视，中国仍是一个发展中国家，人口多、底子薄，发展中的不平衡、不协调问题依然突出，中国要实现自身发展目标需要继续付出长期艰苦的努力。不久前，中国制定颁布了国民经济和社会发展“十二五”规划纲要，将以科学发展为主题，以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，推动科技创新，深化改革开放，促进经济长期平稳较快发展与社会和谐进步。一个发展更加持续、社会更加和谐、对外更加开放的中国将进一步展现在世人面前。

During the past decade, China’s economy grew further and people’s living standards rose markedly thanks to the hard work of the Chinese people.Today, China has become the second largest economy, largest exporter, second largest importer and largest emerging market in the world.The basic living needs of the 1.3 billion Chinese people are adequately met, and the number of people in absolute poverty is drastically reduced.On the other hand, the difficulties China faces in development should not be ignored.China remains a developing country with a large population, weak economic foundation and serious imbalance and lack of coordination in its development.China needs to make persistent and strenuous efforts to achieve its development goals.Guided by the recently adopted 12th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, China will pursue scientific development, accelerate the shift of the growth model, advance scientific and technological innovation and deepen reform and opening-up to promote long-term, steady and fast economic development and social harmony and progress.The world will see a more open China with more sustainable development and greater social harmony.中国的发展在给中国人民带来实实在在利益的同时，也为世界的发展与繁荣做出了积极贡献。过去十年，中国年均进口近7500亿美元商品，相当于为相关国家和地区创造了1400多万个就业岗位。随着“十二五”规划的实施，2015年中国经济规模将达8.6万亿美元左右，预计今后五年将进口近10万亿美元的商品，将对世界经济增长起到更大的促进作用。未来中国的发展仍离不开世界，中国的发展也将继续为世界共同发展作出更大贡献。

China’s development has both brought real benefits to the Chinese people and contributed to global development and prosperity.During the past ten years, China imported close to US$750 billion of goods on average annually, creating over 14 million jobs for relevant countries and regions.At the end of the 12th five-year period in 2015,China’s total economic output will be around US$8.6 trillion.It is expected that China will import about US$10 trillion of goods in the next five years, and this will further boost world economic growth.China needs the world to continue to develop itself, and China’s development will in turn contribute more to the common development of the world.作为发展中国家的一员，中国致力于加强与发展中国家的平等互利合作，尽力提供各种支持和帮助。中国已免除50个重债穷国和最不发达国家债务380笔，逐步给予非洲同中国建交的最不发达国家95%的产品零关税待遇，认真完成为发展中国家援建学校、医院等2100多个成套项目，培训各类人才12万名。中国对非洲之角受灾国家和人民的困难感同身受，决定提供4.432亿元人民币的紧急粮食援助和粮援现汇，以帮助受灾国应对粮荒。中国为实现联合国千年发展目标作出的努力有目共睹，随着中国的进一步发展，中国必将为世界的和平、发展、合作带来更多的机遇。

As a developing country, China is committed to enhancing mutually beneficial cooperation based on equality with other developing countries, and it endeavors to provide assistance and support to them.China has canceled 380 debts incurred by 50 heavily indebted poor countries and LDCs and will phase in zero-tariff treatment to 95％of the exports from the LDCs in Africa that have diplomatic relations with China.We have completed over 2,100 projects, including schools and hospitals, in other developing countries, and trained 120,000 professionals in various fields for them.Sharing the pain of the countries and people in the Horn of Africa hit by famine, China has decided to provide RMB443.2 million in emergency food assistance and cash for purchasing food to these countries to help them overcome the famine.China has made notable efforts to achieve the Millennium Development Goals.As it continues to develop, China will create more opportunities for world peace, development and cooperation.为推动世界共同发展，我们必须创造良好的国际环境。长期以来，中国致力于争取和平的国际环境来发展自己，又以自己的发展促进世界的和平。中国积极承担力所能及的国际责任，推动和平解决热点问题，参与国际维和行动，已累计向28项联合国维和行动派出1.9万多人次，是安理会常任理事国中派出维和人员最多的国家。中国向发生地震、海啸等灾害的国家捐资捐物，并派遣救援队等赴当地实施人道救助，广泛参与打击海盗等国际合作，努力维护世界的和平与稳定。

To advance common development, we must foster a sound international environment.Over the years, China has been dedicated to creating a peaceful international environment in which to develop itself.At the same time, it has contributed its share to enhancing world peace through its own development.China has actively undertaken international responsibility as its ability permits and worked to promote peaceful settlement of hotspot issues.China takes an active part in international peacekeeping operations.Having sent over 19,000 personnel to 28 UN peacekeeping missions, China is the largest contributor of UN peacekeeping personnel among the permanent members of the Security Council.China has provided assistance in cash and kind to countries hit by earthquakes and tsunamis and sent rescue teams to carry out humanitarian relief operations in the affected areas.China is actively involved in the fight against piracy and in other areas of international cooperation.All these efforts have contributed to maintaining world peace and stability.主席先生：

Mr.President，历史的车轮滚滚向前。展望未来十年，和平、发展、合作的时代潮流不会改变，中国追求发展进步的脚步不会停止。和平发展是中国实现现代化和富民强国、为世界文明进步作出更大贡献的战略抉择，中国将坚定不移地沿着和平发展的道路走下去，始终不渝地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，坚定不移地实施互利共赢的开放战略，通过中国人民的艰苦奋斗和改革创新，通过同世界各国长期友好相处、平等互利合作，让中国人民过上更好的日子，并造福于全人类的发展与进步。一个繁荣发展、和谐稳定、勇于担当的中国必将为世界的繁荣与稳定、为实现人类的共同发展做出更大贡献。让我们携手努力，在共享机遇中深化合作，在共迎挑战中实现发展，一起推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界！

The tide of history is surging forward.In the next decade, peace, development and cooperation will remain the trend of the times and China will not stop in its pursuit of development and progress.Peaceful development is a strategic choice China has made to build a modern, strong and prosperous country and contribute more to the progress of human civilization.China will stay on the path of peaceful development and pursue an independent foreign policy of peace and the win-win strategy of opening-up.We are committed to bring about a better life for the Chinese people and greater development and prosperity for all mankind.And we will achieve these objectives through hard work, reform and innovation, and by conducting long-term friendly exchanges and equality-based win-win cooperation with other countries.A prosperous, harmonious and stable China which lives up to its responsibilities will make greater contribution to the prosperity and stability of the world and the common development of mankind.Let us work together to deepen cooperation and achieve development by sharing opportunities and jointly meeting challenges and build a harmonious world of durable peace and common prosperity.谢谢大家！

Thank you.

李克强在第71届联合国大会一般性辩论时的讲话

第一篇：李克强在第71届联合国大会一般性辩论时的讲话

第二篇：胡锦涛在第64届联大一般性辩论时的讲话(全文)

第三篇：温家宝在第63届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言

第四篇：李克强在国务院发展研究中心调研时讲话(全文)

第五篇：杨洁篪在第66届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言(双语)

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