外交部部长杨洁篪2012年9月27日在第67届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言

第一篇：外交部部长杨洁篪2012年9月27日在第67届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言

携手推动各国普遍安全与共同发展

——在第６７届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言

中华人民共和国外交部长 杨洁篪（２０１２年９月２７日 纽约）

主席先生：

祝贺阁下荣任本届大会主席，相信以你的能力和经验，你一定能很好地完成这一崇高使命。同时也感谢纳赛尔先生在担任第６６届联大主席期间所作的积极贡献。

主席先生，女士们，先生们：

当今世界正在发生重大而深刻的变化。世界多极化、经济全球化、社会信息化深入发展，国与国之间的相互联系、相互依存从未像今天这样紧密，新兴市场国家和发展中国家的影响从未像今天这样有力，不同文明之间的对话交流从未像今天这样活跃，求和平、谋发展、促合作已经成为各国人民的普遍愿望和国际社会的共同追求。

与此同时，世界仍很不安宁。国际金融危机和欧债危机的深层次影响远未消除，世界经济增长的不稳定不确定因素增多。地区动荡和热点问题此起彼伏，传统和非传统安全问题相互交织，国际安全形势错综复杂。

面对前所未有的机遇和挑战，冷战思维和零和博弈不合时宜，同舟共济、合作共赢才是各国正确的相处之道。一个国家要谋求自身安全，应该尊重和照顾别国安全；要谋求自身发展，应该积极推动共同发展；要谋求自身利益，应该同时兼顾别国利益。只有携手推动各国普遍安全与共同发展，国际社会才能有效应对复杂多元的安全威胁和全球性挑战，才能切实解决日益突出的发展难题，才能真正确保世界的长治久安和可持续发展。中方主张：

在国际关系中倡导平等民主。相互尊重、平等相待是国际关系中的基本准则。国家不分大小、强弱、贫富都是国际社会平等一员，相互尊重彼此主权及核心利益，尊重各国对自身社会制度和发展道路的选择是国与国相处的根本之道。要大力推动国际关系民主化，做到一国内部的事情一国自主办、大家共同的事情大家商量办。要坚定不移地践行多边主义，恪守《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则，维护联合国在国际事务中的核心作用。中方愿与各国通过对话和交流增强政治互信，妥善处理矛盾和分歧。我们不干涉别国内政，不把自己的意志强加于人，也不允许外部势力干涉中国内部事务。

在发展进程中寻求合作共赢。在经济全球化深入发展的大背景下，各国利益深度交融，应当通过加强合作扩大共同利益汇合点，争取双赢和共赢。我们应挖掘各国合作潜力，扩大合作领域，丰富合作内涵，完善合作机制，共同推动经济全球化朝着均衡、普惠、共赢的方向发展。要进一步促进发展中国家发展，缩小南北差距。加强全球发展合作，使发展成果惠及各国人民。国际金融危机发生以来，中国一方面保持自身经济较快增长，另一方面对国际金融机构大幅增资，向发展中国家伸出援手，向发达国家增购债券，为稳定国际经济金融形势、促进有关国家经济社会发展作出了贡献。

在全球治理中实现公正实效。面对日益增多的全球性挑战，国际社会应加强协调配合，建立公平合理、灵活有效的全球治理体系，妥善处理各种全球性问题，增进人类共同福祉。中方支持联合国通过必要、合理的改革，提高权威和效率，增强应对新威胁新挑战的能力。应推进以国际金融体系改革为核心的全球经济治理体系建设进程，尽快落实国际货币基金组织等金融机构份额和治理改革方案，增加新兴市场国家和发展中国家的代表性和发言权。要认真落实联合国可持续发展大会成果和共识，推动可持续发展国际合作取得新进展。要在积极落实联合国千年发展目标的基础上，探讨制定２０１５年后的国际发展议程，以实现发展、消除贫困为核心目标，开展公开、透明、民主的政府间磋商进程，同时发挥民间社会、私营部门等各方的积极作用。中方愿与各方一道，积极参与国际体系改革和全球治理，携手应对各种全球性挑战。

在多元文明中推动共同进步。“万物并育而不相害，道并行而不相悖”，各种文明和社会制度应相互交流、相互借鉴，在竞争比较中取长补短，在求同存异中共同发展。我们应尊重世界的多样性，尊重各国自主选择发展道路的权利。中方积极倡导不同文明间开展对话交流，以对话代替对立，以包容化解歧见，让世界更加和谐，让人类共同进步。

在相互依存中谋求普遍安全。面对复杂多样的安全威胁和挑战，任何一个国家都难以置身事外而独善其身。我们应树立互信、互利、平等、协作的新安全观，坚持综合施策、标本兼治，携手应对多样化安全挑战，共同营造和平稳定的国际和地区安全环境。要充分发挥联合国在维护世界和平与安全方面的作用，建立公平有效的普遍安全机制。坚持通过对话和谈判解决争端，反对动辄使用武力或以武力相威胁。反对一切形式的恐怖主义、分裂主义和极端主义。

西亚北非地区形势正在发生深刻变化，中方尊重并支持本地区国家自主处理内部事务，尊重本地区人民寻求变革和发展的愿望诉求，主张尊重地区宗教、文明、历史和民族特性，希望有关各方通过包容性、建设性政治对话化解分歧，和平解决问题。中方始终将维护地区和平稳定、维护阿拉伯国家根本长远利益、维护中阿友好关系大局作为政策出发点，愿与本地区国家一道，遵循《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则，为促进本地区的和平与发展继续作出不懈努力。

中方对巴以和谈长期陷入停滞深感忧虑，对巴勒斯坦人民面临的经济和人道主义困难表示关切，认为地区局势动荡不应冲淡国际社会对巴勒斯坦问题的关注。中方支持巴勒斯坦人民在１９６７年边界基础上，建立以东耶路撒冷为首都、拥有完全主权的独立的巴勒斯坦国，支持巴勒斯坦加入联合国等国际组织。中方敦促巴以双方采取切实措施，消除和谈障碍，争取早日重启和谈并取得实质进展。

中方对叙利亚局势持续紧张、人道主义状况日益严峻深感忧虑，呼吁叙有关各方立即停火止暴，落实安理会有关决议、安南“六点建议”和“行动小组”日内瓦外长会议公报，尽快开启包容性政治对话，实现由叙利亚人民主导的政治过渡。中方对任何能为叙各方普遍接受的政治解决方案均持开放态度，国际社会有关各方应发挥积极和建设性作用，以实际行动支持卜拉希米联合特别代表开展公正斡旋，并为开启和推进叙利亚政治过渡进程做出积极努力。

当前，伊朗核问题形势进入一个新的关键阶段。有关各方应坚持外交解决方向，尽早举行新一轮对话，本着尊重彼此关切、灵活务实、求同化异的精神，推动对话与谈判及早取得进展，逐步寻求伊朗核问题的全面、长期、妥善解决。中方一贯支持维护国际核不扩散体系，愿继续同各方一道，为推动通过对话与谈判和平解决伊朗核问题发挥建设性作用。

长期以来，亚太地区保持总体稳定和快速发展，为世界稳定与繁荣作出了重要贡献。在全球经济下行风险增大、国际形势中的动荡因素增多的背景下，保持亚太和平稳定与健康发展势头攸关地区人民福祉，也符合国际社会整体利益。我们应充分尊重亚太地区丰富多样、相互依存的基本现实，坚持协商一致、循序渐进、照顾各方舒适度等多年来行之有效的区域合作方式，以更大的决心促进地区发展，以更多的资源推动地区合作，以更长远的视野妥善处理分歧，共同维护亚太地区的和平、稳定与繁荣。主席先生：

作为国际体系的重要参与者、建设者和贡献者，中国致力于同各国一道分享发展机遇，应对各种挑战，携手推动各国普遍安全与共同发展。

我们始终不渝走和平发展道路，既通过争取和平的国际环境来发展自己，又通过自身发展维护世界和平、促进共同发展；既坚决维护自身核心利益，也尊重各国维护本国利益的正当权利，不断扩大同各方利益汇合点，推动实现人类共同利益。我们累计向联合国维和行动派出各类人员约２．１万人次，积极参与反恐、反海盗、防扩散领域国际合作，在重大国际和地区热点问题上坚持劝和促谈，为推动有关问题得到政治解决和局势缓和发挥了重要建设性作用。中国走和平发展道路取得了举世瞩目的巨大成就。今后，我们将继续坚定不移沿着这条道路走下去。

我们将在和平共处五项原则基础上同所有国家发展友好合作，致力于构建相互尊重、合作共赢的新型大国关系。

我们坚持与邻为善、以邻为伴，积极扩大同周边国家交流往来，对亚洲经济增长贡献率连续多年保持在５０％以上，推进同亚洲国家建立政治互信和合作机制，妥善处理与有关国家的分歧、摩擦，在坚定捍卫国家主权、安全、领土完整的基础上，共同维护与周边国家关系和地区稳定大局。

我们与广大发展中国家平等相待、相互支持、共同发展，始终将发展中国家当作好朋友、好伙伴。截至２０１１年底，中国政府帮助受援国累计建成了２２００多个与当地生产、生活息息相关的各类项目，免除了５０个重债穷国和最不发达国家的债务，为１７３个发展中国家和１３个地区和国际组织培训各类人员６万多名，促进了发展中国家经济社会发展。

我们积极参与国际体系改革和全球治理，力所能及地承担应尽的国际责任和义务，推动建立公平、合理、非歧视性的国际贸易体系和更加平等、更加均衡的新型全球发展伙伴关系。我们支持二十国集团作为国际经济合作的主要论坛发挥更大作用，支持以金砖国家为代表的新兴市场国家为探索全球经济合作新模式所作的努力。

当前，世界经济正处在攻坚克难的关键阶段，实现经济全面复苏和持续增长任重道远。２０１１年，面对国内外严峻挑战，中国国内生产总值增长９．３％，经济结构调整积极推进，民生持续改善。今年以来，针对经济运行中出现的一些新情况、新问题，中国政府不断加大预调微调力度，集中出台了一些政策措施，对增强市场信心、促进经济增速企稳起到了比较好的作用。上半年中国国内生产总值同比增长７．８％，经济社会发展形势良好。中国发展仍处于重要战略机遇期，深入推进工业化、城镇化、信息化和农业现代化将继续释放出巨大的发展潜力。我们完全有信心、有条件、有能力继续保持经济平稳较快发展，并实现更长时期、更高水平、更好质量的发展。“十二五”期间，中国国内市场规模将位居世界前列，进口总规模有望超过１０万亿美元，对外直接投资额有望超过５０００亿美元。这将在全球范围创造出大量商机和就业机会，为其他国家提供宝贵的发展机遇。

钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿自古以来就是中国固有领土，中方对此拥有无可争辩的历史和法理依据。１８９５年日本在甲午战争末期窃取了这些岛屿，并强迫中国政府签订不平等条约，将包括这些岛屿在内的有关领土割让给日本。第二次世界大战结束后，根据《开罗宣言》和《波茨坦公告》等国际文件，钓鱼岛等岛屿同被日本侵占的其他中国领土一起回归中国。日本政府采取所谓“购岛”等单方面行动严重侵犯中国主权，是对世界反法西斯战争胜利成果的公然否定，是对战后国际秩序和《联合国宪章》宗旨和原则的严重挑战。日方举措完全是非法和无效的，丝毫改变不了日本窃取中国领土的历史事实，丝毫动摇不了中国对钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿的领土主权。中国政府维护领土主权的立场坚定不移。中方强烈敦促日方立即停止一切损害中国领土主权的行为，以实际行动纠正错误，回到谈判解决争议的轨道上来。

主席先生：

中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会不久即将召开。我们深信，这次盛会必将把中国的改革开放和现代化建设事业推进到一个崭新的阶段。事实已经并将继续证明，中国的发展是和平的发展、开放的发展、合作的发展、共赢的发展。我们愿与各国一道，顺应历史潮流和时代要求，为建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界而共同努力。

谢谢大家！

第二篇：杨洁篪在第66届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言(双语)

共迎挑战 共同发展

——在第66届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言

Work Together to Meet Challenges and Pursue Common Development Statement by at the General Debate of the 66th Session of the UN General Assembly

中华人民共和国外交部长 杨洁篪

H.E.Yang Jiechi Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China

二O一一年九月二＋六日

纽约 New York, 26 September 2011

主席先生：

Mr.President，祝贺阁下荣任本届大会主席，相信你将以出色的能力和丰富的经验完成这一崇高使命。同时也感谢戴斯先生在担任上届联大主席期间所做的积极贡献。我还想借此机会，对南苏丹共和国加入联合国大家庭，成为第193个会员国表示热烈祝贺！

I wish to begin by congratulating you on your election as president of the 66th Session of the General Assembly.I am confident that, with your outstanding ability and rich experience, you will fulfill this lofty mission.I wish to thank Mr.Deiss for his contribution as president of the last session.I also wish to take this opportunity to extend warm congratulations to the Republic of South Sudan on joining the family of the United Nations as its193rd member.主席先生，女士们，先生们：

Mr.President, Ladies and Gentlemen，我们已经走过21世纪的第一个十年。回首过去的十年，世界多极化、经济全球化深入发展，国家间相互依存日趋加深，科技革命深刻地改变着人类社会的面貌。同时，各种传统、非传统安全威胁和全球性挑战相互交织，世界并不安宁。我们现正迈入新世纪第二个十年，世界的和平与发展经历着很不平凡的历史进程。国际形势继续深刻复杂变化，在总体和平的大背景下，各种不稳定、不确定因素增多，发展问题更加严重，实现共同发展比任何时候都更加重要，也更加紧迫。

The first decade of the 21st century is now behind us.During this decade, the trend towards a multipolar world and economic globalization gained momentum.Countries became increasingly interdependent.Revolution in science and technology brought about profound transformation of the human society.On the other hand, various traditional and non-traditional security threats and global challenges were intertwined, and the world was far from a peaceful place.As the second decade of the new century begins, the world has entered an extraordinary historical stage in its pursuit of peace and development, and it continues to undergo profound and complex changes.Factors of uncertainty and instability are increasing despite the generally peaceful international environment.Development is becoming an increasingly serious issue, and promoting common development has become a more important and pressing task than ever before.当前，全球发展面临新的重要关口。世界经济复苏进程脆弱，国际金融市场动荡，可持续发展任务艰巨，世界经济面临“增长关”。西亚北非部分国家政局持续动荡，恐怖主义滋长蔓延，全球性挑战不断上升，国际形势面临“稳定关”。南北发展不平衡依然突出，国际金融危机导致全球极度贫困人口新增6400万，饥饿人口接近10亿，完成联合国千年发展目标任务急迫，各方亟待加强合作，帮助最不发达国家迈过“温饱关”。

Global development is now at a new critical juncture.Global recovery remains fragile, international financial markets are volatile and the pursuit of sustainable development faces daunting challenges.The world economy therefore has to meet the crucial test of maintaining growth.Some countries in west Asia and north Africa are in continual political turmoil.Terrorist threats are spreading, and global challenges are growing.The international community faces a critical test of maintaining stability.The gap in development between the South and the North is as wide as ever.The population living in absolute poverty has increased by 64 million due to the international financial crisis, and nearly one billion people suffer from starvation.Meeting the UN Millennium Development Goals calls for urgent actions.It is imperative to step up international cooperation to help the least developed countries(LDCs)meet the test of ensuring basic living needs of their people.在挑战面前，我们实现共同发展的使命重大，也面临难得的新机遇。经济全球化使各国利益融合更加紧密，以合作谋安全、以稳定促发展成为普遍共识；各国纷纷以创新思维应对发展难题，发达国家积极巩固财政，采取经济刺激措施，加快经济结构调整，努力摆脱危机困扰。广大发展中国家总体保持良好发展势头，尤其值得一提的是，一批新兴经济体国家加快发展，带动着世界经济的增长；全球经济治理机制改革稳步推进，各种区域合作机制蓬勃发展；各方加快发展绿色经济，探索可持续发展方式，为共同发展提供了新的动力和空间。

In the face of these challenges, we share an important mission to achieve common development, and we also have rare new opportunities.Economic globalization has made the interests of countries more closely interconnected.Ensuring security through cooperation and promoting development through stability has become our shared desire.Countries are addressing development challenges in innovative ways.To overcome crisis, developed countries have taken steps to improve their fiscal conditions, adopted stimulus measures and accelerated economic structural adjustment.Developing countries as a whole have maintained good momentum of growth.In particular, the rapid growth in some emerging economies has driven the growth of the world economy.Progress has been made in the reform of the global economic governance structure, and various regional cooperation mechanisms are growing.Efforts to accelerate the development of green economy and explore new modes of sustainable growth have created new momentum and space for common development.面对新的机遇和挑战，如何同舟共济、共克时艰，实现互利共赢和共同发展，这是历史赋予我们的共同责任和使命。为此：

Faced with both new opportunities and challenges, we should work as a team to overcome difficulties and pursue mutual benefit and common development.This is the responsibility and mission that history bestows upon all of us.And to fulfill our mission, we need to take the following steps:

我们要努力培育世界经济复苏的良好势头。国际金融危机深层次影响仍未消除，经济复苏的脆弱性和不平衡性还相当突出。我们要加强沟通协调，释放团结、合作、共赢的强有力信号，以增强国际社会对世界经济复苏和发展的信心。我们要推动建立公平、公正、包容、有序的国际货币金融体系，增加新兴市场国家和发展中国家的发言权和代表性。中方支持二十国集团从短期危机应对机制向长效经济治理机制转型，在全球经济治理中发挥更大作用，推动世界经济全面复苏和增长。我们支持新兴市场国家为探索全球经济合作新模式所作的努力和实践。我们坚决反对各种形式的保护主义，主张加强多边贸易体制，照顾最不发达国家关切，推动多哈回合谈判实现发展回合目标。

We should foster sound momentum for global economic recovery.The underlying impact of the international financial crisis has yet to dissipate, and economic recovery is still fragile and uneven.We should intensify consultation and coordination and send a strong message of solidarity and win-win cooperation so as to strengthen international confidence in global recovery and growth.We should work for a fair, just, inclusive and orderly international monetary and financial system and increase the voice and representation of emerging markets and developing countries.China supports the transition of the G20 from a short-term crisis response mechanism to a long-term mechanism of economic governance.The G20 should play a bigger role in global economic governance and in promoting the full recovery and growth of the world economy.We support the efforts of emerging markets to explore new modes of international economic cooperation.We strongly oppose protectionism in all its forms and call for strengthening the multilateral trading regime.The concerns of the least developed countries should be addressed, and efforts should be made to make the Doha Round achieve its development objectives.我们要努力营造合作发展的政治基础。国家不分大小、强弱、贫富，都是国际社会平等一员，其平等发展的权利应切实得到保障。相互尊重、平等相待是国际关系的基本准则，也是实现共同发展的重要保障。当前形势下，坚持《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则，维护联合国的权威和作用，切实遵守不干涉内政原则，推进国际关系民主化具有特别重要的现实意义。我们应尊重各国的主权和领土完整，一国内部事务只能由本国人民自己决定，反对以任何方式和借口干涉别国内政。世界的多样性是人类社会发展的宝贵财富，应被视为国家间取长补短、交流互鉴的有利条件，而不应成为国际关系中以大欺小、以富压贫的借口。我们应尊重各国自主选择发展道路的权利，尊重文明多样性，本着开放包容、求同存异的精神，在交流互鉴、取长补短中共同进步。

我们要努力争取稳定发展的安全环境。历史经验一再表明，稳定与发展相伴相随，发展不好，稳定不了；同样，没有稳定，也就没有发展。我们应按照《联合国宪章》宗旨和原则的要求，坚持用和平方式解决国际争端和热点问题，反对任意使用武力或以武力相威胁，反对一切形式的恐怖主义、分裂主义和极端主义，促进人类社会的共同安全。

中方尊重苏丹及南苏丹人民的自主选择，希望南苏丹这个新生国家稳定发展。国际社会应继续支持和鼓励苏丹和南苏丹通过对话与协商妥善解决悬而未决的问题，和睦相处，共同发展，维护地区和平稳定大局。中方一直积极劝和促谈，推动苏丹与南苏丹和平进程，支持妥善解决达尔富尔问题。我们将继续与国际社会一道，为推动实现地区的和平、稳定与发展发挥建设性作用。

中方一贯支持巴勒斯坦独立建国正义事业，支持巴成为联合国会员国，支持通过政治谈判推进“两国方案”，建立以1967年边界为基础、以东耶路撒冷为首都、拥有完全主权、独立的巴勒斯坦国，主张平衡推进叙以、黎以两线和谈，最终实现中东地区全面、公正、持久和平以及阿以和平共处。希望国际社会和有关各方为此作出不懈努力，推动中东和平进程持续向前发展。

中方高度关注西亚北非地区局势动荡，主张坚持不干涉内政原则，尊重和支持地区国家自主处理内部事务，尊重地区国家人民的愿望诉求。希望地区国家有关各方通过政治对话化解分歧，尽快恢复稳定和正常秩序。当前，利比亚已进入从战乱向国家重建过渡的关键阶段。中方尊重利人民的选择，承认利“国家过渡委员会”为利执政当局和利人民的代表。希望利各方在“过渡委”的领导下，开启包容性政治过渡进程，维护利的民族团结与国家统一，尽快实现利局势稳定并开展经济重建。中方支持联合国在利战后重建进程中发挥主导作用，支持联合国利比亚支助团及早开展工作。中方高度关注叙利亚局势发展，希望叙各方保持克制，避免一切形式的暴力行为和更多流血冲突，推动局势尽快走向缓和。我们认为，以推进改革为目标，以由叙主导的包容性政治进程为框架，以对话协商为手段，是化解叙当前危机的正确途径。国际社会应尊重叙的主权、独立和领土完整，慎重应对和处理叙问题，避免叙局势进一步动荡并危及地区和平。

We should lay the political foundation for cooperative development.All countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are equal members of the international community, and their equal right to development should be protected.Mutual respect and equality are the basic norms governing international relations and constitute the important guarantee for common development.In the current context, it is of particular and practical importance to adhere to the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, to uphold the authority and role of the United Nations, to observe in good faith the principle of non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, and to promote democracy in international relations.We should respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries, and the internal affairs of a country should be decided by its own people.We oppose interference in other countries’ internal affairs by whatever means and under whatever pretext.Diversity of the world is a valuable asset for the development of human society.It should be seen as a positive factor for countries to learn from each other, and it should not be used as an excuse for the big to bully the small or the rich to ride roughshod over the poor in international relations.We should respect the right of each country to pursue the development path of its choice and respect diversity of civilizations.And we should seek common progress by drawing on each other’s strength with an open and inclusive mind and in a spirit of seeking common ground while reserving differences.We should foster a security environment conducive to stability and development.History has repeatedly shown that stability and development go hand in hand.Without stability, there can be no development;and without development, there can be no stability.In keeping with the requirement of the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, we should always use peaceful means to settle international disputes and hotspot issues, oppose willful use or threat of force, oppose terrorism, separatism and extremism in all their forms, and uphold the common security of mankind.China respects the independent choice of the people of Sudan and South Sudan and hopes that the new-born country of South Sudan will enjoy stability and development.The international community should continue to give support to and encourage Sudan and South Sudan to properly resolve their outstanding issues through dialogue and consultation, pursue amicable relations and common development, and uphold regional peace and stability.China has encouraged Sudan and South Sudan to resolve their dispute through peaceful negotiation and has worked hard to advance the peace process between them, and we support the proper settlement of the Darfur issue.We will continue to work with the international community and play a constructive role in pushing forward regional peace, stability and development.China consistently supports the just cause of establishing an independent Palestinian state and supports Palestine’s membership in the United Nations.We support efforts to achieve the “two-state solution” through political negotiation so as to establish, on the basis of the 1967 borders, an independent Palestinian state that enjoys full sovereignty with East Jerusalem as its capital.We believe that progress should be made in parallel in the peace talks between Syria and Israel and between Lebanon and Israel with a view to eventually achieving comprehensive, just and durable peace in the Middle East and peaceful coexistence between the Arab countries and Israel.We hope that the international community and parties concerned will make unremitting efforts toward this end and sustain the Middle East peace process.China is greatly concerned about the turbulence in west Asia and north Africa.We stand for the principle of non-interference, respect and support countries in the region in independently handling their internal affairs, and respect the aspirations of the people in the region.We hope that the parties concerned in the countries of the region will resolve their differences through political dialogue and speedily restore stability and order in their respective countries.Libya has now entered into a critical transitional stage from war and turmoil to national reconstruction.China respects the choice of the Libyan people and recognizes the National Transitional Council(NTC)as the governing authorities of Libya and the representative of its people.We hope that under NTC’s leadership, the parties in Libya will set in motion an inclusive process of political transition, maintain ethnic harmony and national unity, restore stability as soon as possible and begin economic reconstruction.China supports the United Nations in playing a leading role in Libya’s post-conflict reconstruction and supports the United Nations Support Mission in Libya(UNSMIL)in starting its mission as quickly as possible.China is also greatly concerned about the developments in Syria.We hope that parties in Syria will exercise restraint, avoid any form of violence or more bloodshed and conflict, and act quickly to ease tension.We believe that a Syria-led, inclusive political process aimed at promoting reform and advanced through dialogue and consultation is the right way to resolve the current crisis in Syria.The international community should respect the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Syria, and handle the Syrian issue in a prudent way so as to prevent further turbulence in Syria and its repercussions on regional peace.中方欢迎朝鲜半岛局势出现的积极变化，认为对话协商是解决朝鲜半岛问题的唯一有效途径，六方会谈是推进半岛无核化、维护半岛和东北亚地区和平稳定的有效机制。中方一直积极劝和促谈，努力为缓和半岛紧张局势、维护半岛和平稳定发挥独特作用。近来朝韩、朝美重启对话，中方对此表示欢迎。希望有关各方抓住机遇，保持对话接触，争取早日重启六方会谈。

China welcomes the positive developments on the Korean Peninsula.We believe that dialogue and consultation are the only effective way to address the issues of the Korean Peninsula and the Six Party Talks are an effective mechanism to advance the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and uphold peace and stability both on the Peninsula and in Northeast Asia.China has been working hard to promote peace through dialogue and has played a unique role in easing tension and maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula.China welcomes the recent resumption of dialogue between the DPRK and the ROK and between the DPRK and the US.We hope that the parties concerned will seize the opportunity, remain engaged in dialogue and work for an early resumption of the Six Party Talks.我们要努力促进南北平衡发展。世界经济最大的不平衡是南北发展不平衡。没有平衡的发展，就很难有可持续的发展；没有欠发达国家摆脱贫困、实现经济发展，就没有世界的共同繁荣。当前，全球如期实现联合国千年发展目标时间紧迫、任务艰巨，发达国家应切实兑现官方发展援助承诺，开放市场、减免债务、加大对发展中国家的资金和技术支持；国际金融机构的资源应该优先用于帮助发展中国家尤其是最不发达国家。发展中国家应积极探索有利于实现发展、消除贫困的发展方式，实现更高水平发展。近来，粮食安全挑战十分突出，非洲之角发生了60年来最为严重的旱灾，引发大面积饥荒。国际社会应加大援助力度，稳定粮食等大宗商品价格，帮助发展中国家提高自主发展的能力，让共让发展的成果惠及所有国家和地区。

We should promote balanced development between the South and the North.The uneven development between the South and the North is the there can hardly be sustainable development.Unless underdeveloped countries shake off poverty and grow their economy, there can be no common prosperity of the world.To attain the Millennium Development Goals on a global scale on schedule is an urgent and arduous task.Developed countries should honor their commitment on official development assistance, open markets, reduce and cancel debts and step up financial and technological support to developing countries.International financial institutions should use their resources to help developing countries, and particularly the LDCs, on a priority basis.Developing countries, on their part, should explore growth models conducive to development and poverty alleviation in order to achieve development at a higher level.Food security has emerged as a major challenge.The Horn of Africa is suffering from massive famine triggered by the most severe drought in 60 years.The international community should scale up assistance, stabilize the prices of food and other commodities and help developing countries enhance capacity for self-development so that all countries and regions can enjoy the benefits of common development.主席先生：

Mr.President，21世纪头十年是世界大发展、大变革、大调整的十年，也是中国持续快速发展、同世界的关系发生深刻改变的十年，中国发展取得的成绩以及中国今后发展走向受到各方高度关注。

The world witnessed major development, major transformation and major adjustment in the first decade of the 21st century.During this decade, China enjoyed sustained and fast development and its relations with the outside world underwent profound changes.China’s development achievements and its future course have become a focus of international attention.十年来，中国人民经过艰苦不懈努力，实现了经济实力的进一步提升和人民生活水平的显著提高。中国己经成为世界第二大经济体、第一大出口国、第二大进口国和全球最大的新兴市场，解决了13亿人的温饱问题，大幅度减少了绝对贫困人口。但与此同时，中国发展所面对的困难也不容忽视，中国仍是一个发展中国家，人口多、底子薄，发展中的不平衡、不协调问题依然突出，中国要实现自身发展目标需要继续付出长期艰苦的努力。不久前，中国制定颁布了国民经济和社会发展“十二五”规划纲要，将以科学发展为主题，以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，推动科技创新，深化改革开放，促进经济长期平稳较快发展与社会和谐进步。一个发展更加持续、社会更加和谐、对外更加开放的中国将进一步展现在世人面前。

During the past decade, China’s economy grew further and people’s living standards rose markedly thanks to the hard work of the Chinese people.Today, China has become the second largest economy, largest exporter, second largest importer and largest emerging market in the world.The basic living needs of the 1.3 billion Chinese people are adequately met, and the number of people in absolute poverty is drastically reduced.On the other hand, the difficulties China faces in development should not be ignored.China remains a developing country with a large population, weak economic foundation and serious imbalance and lack of coordination in its development.China needs to make persistent and strenuous efforts to achieve its development goals.Guided by the recently adopted 12th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, China will pursue scientific development, accelerate the shift of the growth model, advance scientific and technological innovation and deepen reform and opening-up to promote long-term, steady and fast economic development and social harmony and progress.The world will see a more open China with more sustainable development and greater social harmony.中国的发展在给中国人民带来实实在在利益的同时，也为世界的发展与繁荣做出了积极贡献。过去十年，中国年均进口近7500亿美元商品，相当于为相关国家和地区创造了1400多万个就业岗位。随着“十二五”规划的实施，2015年中国经济规模将达8.6万亿美元左右，预计今后五年将进口近10万亿美元的商品，将对世界经济增长起到更大的促进作用。未来中国的发展仍离不开世界，中国的发展也将继续为世界共同发展作出更大贡献。

China’s development has both brought real benefits to the Chinese people and contributed to global development and prosperity.During the past ten years, China imported close to US$750 billion of goods on average annually, creating over 14 million jobs for relevant countries and regions.At the end of the 12th five-year period in 2015,China’s total economic output will be around US$8.6 trillion.It is expected that China will import about US$10 trillion of goods in the next five years, and this will further boost world economic growth.China needs the world to continue to develop itself, and China’s development will in turn contribute more to the common development of the world.作为发展中国家的一员，中国致力于加强与发展中国家的平等互利合作，尽力提供各种支持和帮助。中国已免除50个重债穷国和最不发达国家债务380笔，逐步给予非洲同中国建交的最不发达国家95%的产品零关税待遇，认真完成为发展中国家援建学校、医院等2100多个成套项目，培训各类人才12万名。中国对非洲之角受灾国家和人民的困难感同身受，决定提供4.432亿元人民币的紧急粮食援助和粮援现汇，以帮助受灾国应对粮荒。中国为实现联合国千年发展目标作出的努力有目共睹，随着中国的进一步发展，中国必将为世界的和平、发展、合作带来更多的机遇。

As a developing country, China is committed to enhancing mutually beneficial cooperation based on equality with other developing countries, and it endeavors to provide assistance and support to them.China has canceled 380 debts incurred by 50 heavily indebted poor countries and LDCs and will phase in zero-tariff treatment to 95％of the exports from the LDCs in Africa that have diplomatic relations with China.We have completed over 2,100 projects, including schools and hospitals, in other developing countries, and trained 120,000 professionals in various fields for them.Sharing the pain of the countries and people in the Horn of Africa hit by famine, China has decided to provide RMB443.2 million in emergency food assistance and cash for purchasing food to these countries to help them overcome the famine.China has made notable efforts to achieve the Millennium Development Goals.As it continues to develop, China will create more opportunities for world peace, development and cooperation.为推动世界共同发展，我们必须创造良好的国际环境。长期以来，中国致力于争取和平的国际环境来发展自己，又以自己的发展促进世界的和平。中国积极承担力所能及的国际责任，推动和平解决热点问题，参与国际维和行动，已累计向28项联合国维和行动派出1.9万多人次，是安理会常任理事国中派出维和人员最多的国家。中国向发生地震、海啸等灾害的国家捐资捐物，并派遣救援队等赴当地实施人道救助，广泛参与打击海盗等国际合作，努力维护世界的和平与稳定。

To advance common development, we must foster a sound international environment.Over the years, China has been dedicated to creating a peaceful international environment in which to develop itself.At the same time, it has contributed its share to enhancing world peace through its own development.China has actively undertaken international responsibility as its ability permits and worked to promote peaceful settlement of hotspot issues.China takes an active part in international peacekeeping operations.Having sent over 19,000 personnel to 28 UN peacekeeping missions, China is the largest contributor of UN peacekeeping personnel among the permanent members of the Security Council.China has provided assistance in cash and kind to countries hit by earthquakes and tsunamis and sent rescue teams to carry out humanitarian relief operations in the affected areas.China is actively involved in the fight against piracy and in other areas of international cooperation.All these efforts have contributed to maintaining world peace and stability.主席先生：

Mr.President，历史的车轮滚滚向前。展望未来十年，和平、发展、合作的时代潮流不会改变，中国追求发展进步的脚步不会停止。和平发展是中国实现现代化和富民强国、为世界文明进步作出更大贡献的战略抉择，中国将坚定不移地沿着和平发展的道路走下去，始终不渝地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，坚定不移地实施互利共赢的开放战略，通过中国人民的艰苦奋斗和改革创新，通过同世界各国长期友好相处、平等互利合作，让中国人民过上更好的日子，并造福于全人类的发展与进步。一个繁荣发展、和谐稳定、勇于担当的中国必将为世界的繁荣与稳定、为实现人类的共同发展做出更大贡献。让我们携手努力，在共享机遇中深化合作，在共迎挑战中实现发展，一起推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界！

The tide of history is surging forward.In the next decade, peace, development and cooperation will remain the trend of the times and China will not stop in its pursuit of development and progress.Peaceful development is a strategic choice China has made to build a modern, strong and prosperous country and contribute more to the progress of human civilization.China will stay on the path of peaceful development and pursue an independent foreign policy of peace and the win-win strategy of opening-up.We are committed to bring about a better life for the Chinese people and greater development and prosperity for all mankind.And we will achieve these objectives through hard work, reform and innovation, and by conducting long-term friendly exchanges and equality-based win-win cooperation with other countries.A prosperous, harmonious and stable China which lives up to its responsibilities will make greater contribution to the prosperity and stability of the world and the common development of mankind.Let us work together to deepen cooperation and achieve development by sharing opportunities and jointly meeting challenges and build a harmonious world of durable peace and common prosperity.谢谢大家！

Thank you.

第三篇：2012两会-外交部部长杨洁篪答中外记者问实录

2012”“两会”·外交部部长杨洁篪答中外记者问实录

中国网: 十一届全国人大五次会议于3月6日（星期二）上午10时在人民大会堂三楼金色大厅举行记者会，由外交部部长杨洁篪就“我国的对外政策和对外关系”问题答记者问。中国网进行现场直播。现在距记者会还有一个多小时时间，但记者们已经陆续来到人民大会堂三楼金色大厅占领有利位置，做准备工作。

中国网: 杨洁篪简历：外交部部长。1950年5月生，上海市人，历史学博士研究生毕业。

1975年至1983年，中华人民共和国外交部翻译室科员、二秘；1983年至1987年，驻美利坚合众国大使馆二秘、一秘、参赞；1987年至1990年，外交部翻译室参赞兼处长；1990年至1993年，外交部美大司参赞兼处长、副司长；1993年至1995年，驻美利坚合众国大使馆公使；1995年至1998年，外交部部长助理；1998年至2001年，外交部副部长；2001年至2005年，驻美利坚合众国大使；2005年至2007年，外交部副部长；2007年至今，外交部部长。

中国网: 工作人员宣读会场纪律。记者会翻译人员就坐。中国网: 杨洁篪走进会场，记者会即将开始。

全国人大常委会副秘书长、记者会主持人 曹卫洲: 女士们、先生们，上午好。十一届全国人大五次会议现在举行记者会，今天我们邀请外交部杨洁篪部长来和大家见面，并就中国的外交政策和对外关系回答大家提出的问题。下面先请杨部长简单致辞。

杨洁篪: 各位记者朋友，大家上午好。很高兴在这里跟大家见面。温家宝总理在《政府工作报告》中已经就中国的外交政策和对外工作作了全面的阐述，我在这儿很乐意回答大家的问题。

中央电视台记者: 外长，您好。我们看到，过去十年，国际形势风云变幻，中国外交也经受了接连不断的考验。请问外长，您如何看待过去十年的中国外交？另外，今年我们也注意到某些国家和地区的对峙与冲突依然在持续当中，而且不排除有进一步恶化的可能。在这样的形势之下，您认为中国外交又该如何应对新的挑战？又能采取哪些新的举措来进一步保护好我们每一位海外公民的生命和财产安全？

杨洁篪: 我想今天的回答从回顾中国外交工作十年的情况开始，以近知远，这是很有意义的。这十年外交工作既是世界大发展、大变革、大调整的十年，也是中国外交奋发进取，取得丰硕成果的十年。我们在以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央的领导下，中国外交积极服务大局，妥善地应对乱局，积极地开创新局，为中国的经济和社会发展创造了有利的外部环境。我想对十年的外交工作可以作如下概括。

一是“谋大局”。也就是说要把国家的安全主权放在首位，积极为国内的经济社会发展服好务，同时要有力地维护海外中国公民和法人的正当权益，要维护国家的主权安全和发展利益。

二是“求合作”。加强同世界各国和国际及地区组织的友好合作，政治、经济、文化互动，双多边结合，开创同各国合作共赢的新局面。

三是“促改革”。就是积极参与全球治理的工作，引导国际体系和国际格局朝着更加有利于广大发展中国家的方向发展，扩大中国和广大发展中国家在国际事务当中的代表权和影响力。四是“树形象”。借助我国领导人出访和外国领导人来访，借助北京奥运会、上海世博会等重要平台，积极开展公共和人文外交，增进中外人民之间的友谊，充分展示中国文明、民主、开放、进步的形象。

五是“做贡献”。就是积极维护世界和平来促进共同发展。我们已经日益成为解决国际地区热点问题的建设性参与者和拉动世界经济增长的重要贡献者。

当前，国际形势的变化是深刻复杂的，和平、发展、合作的时代潮流更加强劲了。但是与此同时，国际金融危机深层次的影响正在显现，世界经济的复苏是缓慢的。气候变化、能源安全、粮食安全等问题也是相当突出的。所以这些问题都将会对今后一个时期的国际形势发展和我们的外交工作产生深刻的影响。

今年我们要继续开展全方位、多层次、宽领域的外交工作，要坚持统筹国内国际两个大局，不断地推进外交实践和理论创新，为迎接党的十八大的胜利召开、为全面实施“十二五”规划作出积极贡献。

具体来讲，我们外交工作今年的重点：一是要服务发展。就是要围绕我国转变经济发展方式服好务这条主线，妥善地应对外部各种风险和挑战，为我们国家的经济和社会发展争取更多有利的外部环境。

二是维护和平。坚定地维护国家的主权和安全，要更加积极地倡导通过对话、协商、谈判的方式来处理和解决国际和地区问题，特别是那些热点问题，发挥中国负责任的大国作用。

三是促进合作。我们要进一步加强同世界各国、各个国际和地区组织之间的友好合作，加深共同的利益，携手应对全球性的挑战，以便更好地维护世界和平，促进共同发展。谢谢。

俄新社记者: 杨部长，您好，我是俄罗斯新闻社的记者。我的问题是您对近日在俄罗斯举行的总统大选有什么评价？中方对将来中俄战略协作伙伴关系的发展有什么考虑？另外，中国今年是上海合作组织的轮值主席国，而且要举行峰会，中方有什么考虑？而且对整个上合组织的发展有什么期待？

杨洁篪: 我们注意到，3月4日俄罗斯已经顺利地举行了大选。胡锦涛主席已经向当选总统普京发去了贺电，我们预祝俄罗斯人民在国家富强和民族振兴的道路上取得更大的成绩。

中国政府将坚定不移地同俄罗斯方面一起推进中俄全面战略协作伙伴关系，我们要全面地加强两国的务实合作。今年的中俄关系可以概括为“一个中心，五个重点”。

“一个中心”就是要全面贯彻落实未来十年中俄关系的发展规划。“五个重点”：一是要搞好今年双方的高层接触和互访；二是要加大相互在政治上的支持；三是要进一步地推进双方在经贸、能源、科技、地方和基础设施等方面的互利合作；四是要加强双方的人文交流，特别是要办好“俄罗斯旅游年”；五是要密切我们双方在国际和地区事务中的合作。

我们相信通过双方的努力，中俄全面战略协作伙伴关系一定会结出更加丰硕的果实。今年是上合组织的“睦邻友好年”，也是上合组织第二个十年的开局之年，中方将主持今年上海合作组织的峰会，主题是深化睦邻友好、规划组织的未来。

这次会议的主要议题为三项：一是要深化上合组织的各项友好合作的措施，制定上合组织未来十年的发展战略；二是要部署下一阶段的务实合作，特别是要建立多边合作的融资保障机制；三是要就国际和地区形势进行讨论，特别是要讨论完善上合组织应对威胁本地区和平、稳定、安全的事态的措施。我们相信这次会议一定会对上合组织的发展起到承前启后、继往开来的作用。

关于上合组织发展的未来，我认为各方会进一步地发掘毗邻的优势，来加强地区安全稳定方面的合作，进一步加强本地区的互联互通和人文交流，以造福各国人民。谢谢！

华尔街日报记者: 杨外长，中国是否将美国把战略中心转向亚洲看作是对中国构成威胁？如果是的话，中国将采取什么样的反制措施来对抗美国的这种威胁？另外，考虑到中美两国在伊朗、叙利亚以及许多其他问题上存在的紧张态势，两国应该采取什么样的措施来加深互信？

杨洁篪: 这位先生提到了一些具体问题，我会回答你的问题，同时我认为有必要先就中美关系的总体情况阐述一些看法。今年是中美《上海公报》发表40周年。40年来，中美关系经历了风风雨雨，但是总的态势是不断地向前发展，双方交往合作的大门越开越大。

中美交往史已经深刻地揭示：和则两利、斗则俱伤。保持中美关系的健康稳定发展是两国的共同责任，也符合国际社会的根本利益。

我认为即使中美之间存在着一些分歧和矛盾，但是总的发展势头是向前的，而不是后退的。胡锦涛主席去年对美国进行了成功的国事访问，同奥巴马总统就共同建设中美相互尊重、互利共赢的合作伙伴关系达成了重要共识。一年多来，胡锦涛主席、温家宝总理同奥巴马总统进行了多次重要的会晤。上个月，习近平副主席对美国进行了成功的访问，有力地推进了两国合作伙伴关系的建设。

在处理中美关系方面，我们一直认为应该坚持从战略的高度和长远的角度来处理和看待中美关系，要牢牢把握两国合作伙伴关系的大方向。

双方应该始终坚持中美三个联合公报和中美联合声明的原则，切实尊重彼此的核心利益和重大关切。美方尤其要恪守承诺，慎重、妥善处理例如台湾、涉藏等涉及中国核心利益的问题；我认为双方应该继续通过高层互访、接触，中美战略与经济对话等渠道来加深沟通协调，增进战略互信，排除各种干扰，建立起大国之间的那种良性互动、合作共赢的新局面。

亚太是中美利益交汇最集中的地区。这一地区总的态势是什么？大家可以分析一下。我认为谋和平、求发展、促合作，这是本地区的大势所趋、人心所向，不可阻挡。

中国在国际社会中跟其他各国，无论是大国小国、弱国强国、贫国富国，都是平等的一员。中国的道路条条通向亚太，条条通向世界。我们愿意同各国合作，来建设一个更加美好、更加平等的世界。

我认为有关各方都应该致力于亚太地区的和平稳定，致力于本地区的发展繁荣。我们希望并欢迎美国在这一地区发挥建设性的作用。当然，我们也希望美国尊重中国的利益和关切。

我们愿意同美国和本地区的其他国家一起，共同建设一个更加稳定、发展的亚太地区。我想在叙利亚和伊朗问题上，中美之间保持着密切的沟通。总之，中东地区的和平、稳定和发展，是符合中东地区人民的根本利益的，也是符合国际社会的根本利益。这是我们处理中东有关问题的出发点和立足点。

我想举个例子，你刚才提到叙利亚、伊朗，我就先谈谈伊朗问题。在伊朗核问题上，我们反对中东任何国家，包括伊朗，研发和拥有核武器。同时，我们认为所有国家都有在遵守义务的情况下和平利用核能的权利。

我们认为，应该通过对话而不是对抗，通过合作而不是制裁来妥善地处理和解决这个问题，我们反对单边制裁，持这个立场的国家在国际上是普遍的。

同时，我们非常重视六国同伊朗磋商谈判的机制，这六国里面就包括中国和美国。在这个机制里面，我们同美国、俄罗斯、欧盟等国和组织保持着密切的沟通和协调。我们希望能够尽早地举行下一次的会谈，以推进解决伊朗核问题的进程。谢谢。

中央人民广播电台记者: 杨外长您好，我是中央人民广播电台记者。我们也注意到，从去年年底以来，中国与周边国家领导人密集互访、互动频繁。同时有人认为，一些周边国家同中国围绕领土和海洋权益的争议在升温。还有一些国家对中国国力和外交姿态的担忧也在升温。请问杨外长，您如何评价中国与周边国家的关系？中国将如何处理和解决同一些周边国家存在的争议？

杨洁篪: 看中国和周边国家的关系，我认为应该看发展的大趋势，这种关系发展的根本趋势是好的。中国奉行与邻为善、以邻为伴的周边外交政策，我们致力于深化同亚洲国家的互利合作，当前我们同亚洲国家关系的发展态势是好的，充满着各种积极的因素。

一是高层交往“密”。去年中国和绝大多数的亚洲国家都进行了高层的互访，以东盟国家为例，我们跟东盟国家的高层次的访问就超过了50多起。这些高层交往对于促进双方的相互了解、友谊合作发挥了不可替代的引领作用。

二是双方利益的融合“深”。你刚才讲到，有些周边国家担心中国的国力强大，我觉得他们是担心中国的发展速度太慢。我最近访问了一些亚洲国家，他们希望中国经济保持现在的这种良好状态，能够进一步发展，这有利于双方的经贸合作和其他领域的互利合作，造福于两国人民，何乐而不为？

这个世界是一个很不平衡的世界，有人拿着大喇叭，有人只有小喇叭，有人没有喇叭，但是我始终认为数字比喇叭重要。中国现在已经成为周边大多数国家最大的贸易伙伴，去年我们同亚洲国家的贸易总额超过一万亿美元，我们在亚洲地区的投资近200亿美元，在科技、金融、能源、基础设施等领域合作的广度和深度都是前所未有的。

三是相互协作“多”。我们同亚洲国家在处理重大的国际和地区问题、推进区域的合作、妥善应对国际金融危机、抗击大自然灾害等方面携手努力、共同合作。

四是人文交流“亲”。去年我们同许多亚洲国家都举办了友好年，特别是今年进行了青年大联欢，见证了中国人民和亚洲各国人民的深情厚谊。

对于我们同周边部分国家存在的一些矛盾和分歧，我们致力于通过对话协商和平解决这些争议。同时我们也希望有关各方尊重中国的正当权益，与中方相向而行，避免可能使局势复杂化的言行，共同推动亚洲的稳定、发展与进步。我觉得中国同有关国家在这方面已经取得了进展，我们在过去的一段时间里，同有关的亚洲国家就和平解决争端、共同推进互利合作达成了一系列的重要共识。

这里我要特别提一下南海问题，中方一贯主张以事实为基础。根据国际关系的基本准则，由直接当事国通过谈判妥善解决南海的争议。在争议解决之前，可以“搁置争议、共同开发”，中国同有关国家就和平解决争议、推进南海务实合作达成了一系列重要共识，当然还有很多工作要做。

我还想指出我们同东盟国家就《南海各方行为宣言》指导方针达成一致。总之，我认为中国和有关国家有能力、有智慧处理好南海问题，共同维护南海地区的和平与稳定。谢谢！

新华社、新华网记者: 杨外长，您好。我是新华社和新华网的记者。刚才您对过去十年的外交工作进行了回顾，我想问的是向前看的问题。您认为在今后十年，世界将会发生哪些重要变化？中国又会发挥怎样的作用？

杨洁篪: 今后十年是我国和平发展极为重要的十年。我们将庆祝中国共产党建立100周年，将实现全面建成小康社会的宏伟目标。同时，我觉得有必要指出，判断一个国家的综合经济实力，不仅仅是用一个指标，而是要用一个指标体系；不仅仅是用一个总量指标，而是要用多个结构性的指标。

中国作为发展中国家的基本属性没有改变，中国基本实现现代化还有很长的路要走，我们充满着信心，我们会实现我们的目标，但是我们对形势、要走的路也有着非常客观的判断。同时，我们不妄自菲薄，我们也不好为人师。

今后的十年，将是世界一系列趋势性、格局性变化加速发展的十年，将是各方密切互动、变中求治的十年。有四个大的趋势是特别值得重视的：一是谋发展的势头更加强劲。各方更加注重转变经济发展的方式，在经济全球化背景下，努力扩大自身参与全球经济合作和竞争的新优势。

二是世界多极化趋势更加明朗。发展中国家整体实力将增强，国际力量的对比将向着相对均衡的方向发展。

三是围绕国际体系变革的竞争与合作更加深入。各方力求对国际规则和国际秩序的调整演变施加更大的影响，全球治理和现行国际体系变革会继续稳步推进。

四是国际和地区的热点以及全球性问题会更加突出。有的热点问题会继续升温，气候变化、能源资源、粮食安全等问题会层出不穷，恐怖主义等全球性问题依然存在，各国之间相互依存、利益融合度将会继续上升。我相信，同舟共济、共克时艰的理念会更加深入人心。

综合各方面的因素，我认为今后十年我国外部环境中的有利因素和不利因素会叠加交织，险和难、时与势是一个问题的两个方面，机遇与挑战并存，并且可能相互转化。总体上看，对我国来讲机遇仍然大于挑战。我们国家仍然处于发展的重要战略机遇期。

中国将坚持奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持走和平发展的道路，坚持互利共赢的开放战略，坚持同各国共同来建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。我们特别主张合作共赢，就是说在寻求自身利益的同时，要考虑别国的利益，要相互照顾，权责共担，弘义融利。要共同努力，推动国际秩序向着更加公正合理的方向发展，建设一个更加美好的世界。谢谢。

印度报业托拉斯记者: 我是印报托的记者，我想问的问题是有关新兴市场国家对于包括发展中和发达国家的经济发展有什么影响？这个问题很重要，金砖国家领导人即将在本月举行新的会议，这次会议的主要议程和关注点是什么？中国对这次会晤有什么期待？另外不久前您刚对印度进行了访问，访问期间您与印方领导人广泛交流了看法，还就加强海上合作等方面达成了广泛的共识，请您评价一下现在的中印关系以及中印之间存在的问题。

杨洁篪: 当前世界一大批新兴市场和发展中国家快速发展，这对推动国际秩序朝着公平合理的方向发展是极为有利的。去年在我国三亚举行的金砖国家领导人第三次会晤是十分成功的，我相信不久将在印度举行的第四次领导人会晤也会取得圆满成功。

就中方来讲，我们希望此次会议取得三方面的成果：一是促增长，增强世界经济增长的信心，为加强全球经济复苏增添新的动力；二是要促稳定，也就是要发挥金砖国家在国际事务中的重要作用，促进地区局势的缓和与稳定；三是要促合作，就是要推进成员国之间在经济、金融等方面的务实合作，为各国人民乃至世界人民带来更多好处。

最近我确实访问了印度，主要目的是要为我国领导人出席金砖国家领导人第四次会晤作准备，同时也为了推进中印关系。我感到中印双方都希望两国关系是健康、稳定的发展，都希望加强交流，增进互信，开拓合作。

我同贵国外长就保持两国的高层交往势头、推进两国各领域的务实合作、加强人员往来、推进人文交流等等都达成了一致意见，我认为我们要按照两国领导人的共识来努力做好具体工作，包括进行海上安全等方面的磋商，包括双方继续共同努力来维护边境地区的和平与安宁。谢谢。

日本经济新闻记者: 我是日本经济新闻的记者。今年是日中邦交正常化40周年。请问您对当前日中关系有何评价？对进一步发展两国关系有何考虑？日本和中国之间有一些敏感问题，在这种情况下，您认为应如何增进日中战略互信、改善国民感情？作为今年日中韩合作的协调国，中方对日中韩合作有何评价？谢谢。

杨洁篪: 中日邦交正常化40年来，两国关系在各方面取得了长足进展。中国政府高度重视中日关系。我们主张双方应在中日四个政治文件的基础上，不断增进政治互信、扩大各领域的务实合作、增进国民感情，推进中日战略互惠关系。

关于中日关系当中存在的历史、钓鱼岛等敏感问题，我们希望日方充分认识到这些问题的复杂性和敏感性。因为这些问题是关系到中日两国关系的政治基础和两国关系的大局。所以我们认为，日本方面真正做到以史为鉴、面向未来，切实从两国关系的大局出发，处理好一些十分敏感的问题。

我也确实认为有必要来谈谈如何增进战略互信和增进两国国民感情的问题。我认为增进中日战略互信的关键是要从战略上正确客观认识对方的发展，真正视对方的发展为机遇，把对方看作是自己发展的伙伴。

2008年，胡锦涛主席访问日本时，同日本领导人一起发表了第四个中日政治文件。双方就“互为合作伙伴、互不构成威胁”，“相互支持对方的和平发展”等重大问题达成了重要的政治共识，将这些共识转化为两国交往的实际行动，我想中日互信就能够不断深化。

我认为增进国民感情是一项系统工程，双方都要着眼长远，多层次地做工作，特别是要多做青年之间的交流工作，使更多的人投入到中日友好的事业中。

今年中国是中日韩合作的协调国，温家宝总理将在中国与日本、韩国领导人举行第五次中日韩领导人会议，我们愿意同日本、韩国方面加强协调合作，深化我们之间的务实合作，深化社会人文的交流，同时就一些重要的国际地区问题交换看法。我们认为，各方应该努力来推进中日韩自贸区的建设，深化三国面向未来的全方位的合作伙伴关系。谢谢。

中新社记者: 杨外长您好，我是中国新闻社和中国新闻网的记者。我的问题是有关朝鲜半岛局势的，首先请问您如何看待当前的朝鲜半岛局势。我们也注意到去年以来有关各方围绕重启六方会谈进行了接触和沟通，您对重启六方会谈有何看法？不久第二届核安全峰会将在首尔举行，请问中方对此有何期待？

杨洁篪: 维护朝鲜半岛和平稳定，实现半岛无核化，实现有关国家关系正常化，构筑东北亚和平安全机制，这是符合各方共同利益的，也是国际社会所期待的，现在六方会谈已经成为解决处理上述问题有效机制和重要平台。

我认为最近一段时间出现了各方良性互动的积极态势。中国作为六方会谈的主席国，我们一直在同各方保持密切的接触和对话，作劝和促谈的工作，也取得了一些重要的成效。同时，我们也欢迎其他各方彼此进行对话，比如最近朝美进行了对话，我们认为取得了一些积极进展，对此表示欢迎。

我们希望各方都应该凝聚智慧、排除干扰，共同为推进六方会谈的进程，为实现半岛的无核化和东北亚的长治久安发挥建设性的作用。

第二届核安全峰会本月下旬将在首尔举行，中国领导人将应邀出席。峰会期间，各方将围绕加强核材料和核设施的安全，加强防范核恐怖活动进行讨论。我相信通过各方努力，这次会议也会制定新的加强核安全的具体措施。这样将有利于进一步凝聚国际社会在核安全方面的共识，为相关的国际努力注入新的动力。

凤凰卫视记者: 杨外长，您好，我是香港凤凰卫视的记者。我的问题是关于中东局势的。现在国际社会最为关心的问题就是叙利亚的问题，我们也都知道，中国一直希望通过政治途径和平解决，但是叙利亚的情况看起来好象并不太乐观。请问杨外长，您对于未来中东局势的看法？除此以外，中国在这个问题上的看法和立场是否会影响到中国和阿拉伯国家之间的关系。

杨洁篪: 对于你提的这个问题，我想作三点答复：第一，我们认为，中东地区形势正在发生一些重大变化，但是最了解这个地区情况的是中东人民，中东地区的问题主要应该由中东人民自己来解决，中东的前途命运应该掌握在中东人民的手中。

第二，长期以来，中国坚定支持阿拉伯国家和人民的正义事业，彼此建立了深厚的友谊。我们之间没有历史积怨，有的是越来越多的共同利益，有的是携手努力维护和平、促进发展的共识。

十个手指有长短。中国和一些阿拉伯国家有时在一些具体做法上可能不尽相同，但是在维护中东地区整体稳定和发展繁荣方面的目标是一致的。中阿合作是全面的、战略性的，双方之间的友谊是经得起风云变幻考验的。

关于叙利亚问题，诸如各位所知，外交部负责人最近发表了谈话，提出了中方关于处理和解决叙利亚问题的六点主张和呼吁。中国领导人就此问题在不同场合阐述了中方的观点，中国外交部有关官员也正在同各方交流看法，我本人也同一些方面的负责人通过电话或者当面交谈。

实际情况是中国的上述立场、主张和倡议，特别是最近外交部负责人发表的谈话，得到了国际社会普遍重视，得到了越来越多的理解和支持。谢谢。

西班牙埃菲社记者: 我是西班牙埃菲社的记者，欧元现在还有未来吗？欧洲解决自己债务问题的努力是否会为中国投资带来一种机会呢？另外杨外长，您怎么评价现在中国和欧盟之间的关系？

杨洁篪: 我认为中欧领导人最近举行了一次会晤，取得了重要的成果，中欧关系发展前景广阔。同时我们认为虽然欧元经历了不少的困难，但是我们相信欧洲和欧元有能力、有智慧克服暂时的困难，解决债务问题，迎来新的发展。中国对欧洲和欧元一直抱有信心，我们一直以自己的方式来支持欧元和欧洲金融的稳定，我们愿意继续向欧洲投资，达到互利双赢的目的。谢谢。

人民日报记者: 杨外长，您好，我是人民日报、人民网的记者。最后一个问题是关于中非关系的。我们知道，近年来，中国同非洲国家的发展引起国际社会广泛关注，您如何评价当前的中非关系和中非合作？此外，有人认为中国在非洲的影响力在上升，请问中国在非洲事务中发挥了怎样的作用？

杨洁篪: 非洲人民选择中国作为同他们真诚合作的伙伴，我们为此感到荣幸，我们也感到自己的责任重大。中国是发展中国家，愿意同广大非洲国家携手合作，共建美好的未来。要说中国在非洲的影响上升，不如说世界认为非洲面临着巨大发展机遇的共识在上升。我认为国际社会应该共同积极支持非洲的和平发展事业，共同积极支持非洲联合自强和自主解决本地区的问题，共同积极支持非洲国家增强自主发展能力，共同积极支持非洲国家在国际事务中维护自身权益发挥更大的作用。谢谢。

曹卫洲: 谢谢大家光临，谢谢杨部长。记者会到此结束，祝各位记者在大会期间的采访顺利。

第四篇：温家宝在第63届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言

坚持改革开放 坚持和平发展

━━在第６３届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言

中华人民共和国国务院总理 温家宝

（２００８年９月２４日）

主席先生：

今年，对于中国来说，是不平凡的一年。我们经历了两件大事：第一件事是汶川特大地震灾害造成了巨大的生命财产损失。中国人民在灾难面前表现了坚强、勇敢、团结和不屈不挠的精神。目前，受灾群众得到了妥善安置，恢复重建工作正在有条不紊地展开。第二件事是北京奥运会成功举办。这一体育盛会不仅为来自世界各地的运动员展示风采创造了良好的条件，而且让世界更多地了解中国，让中国更多地了解世界。在抗震救灾和举办奥运会的过程中，我们得到了国际社会的广泛理解、支持和帮助。在此，我代表中国政府和人民表示诚挚的感谢。

世界都在关注北京奥运会后中国政治经济走向。我可以明确地告诉大家，中国将继续坚定不移地走和平发展道路，继续坚持改革开放不动摇，继续贯彻独立自主的和平外交政策。这符合中国人民的根本利益，也符合世界人民的根本利益，顺应世界潮流。

这次北京奥运会是在中国这样一个最大的发展中国家举行的。国际社会对中国政府和人民为此做出的努力给予了高度评价。奥运会的成功举办，使中国人民受到了极大的鼓舞，增强了实现现代化的信心和力量。同时，我们清醒地看到，中国有１３亿人口，虽然经济总量已经位居世界前列，但人均收入水平仍排在世界１００位之后，城乡发展和区域发展很不平衡，农村特别是西部地区农村还很落后，还有数以千万计的人口没有解决温饱。中国仍然是一个发展中国家，生产力不发达的状况没有根本改变，进一步发展还受到资源、能源、环境等瓶颈的制约。中国的社会主义市场经济体制还不完善，民主法制还不健全，一些社会问题还比较突出。中国实现现代化的任务还很繁重，道路还很漫长。摆在我们面前的机遇和挑战都是空前的。抓住机遇，迎接挑战，聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展，这就是中国政府和中国人民的理念和行动。

中国发展靠什么？靠改革开放。今年是中国改革开放３０周年。改革开放从根本上改变了中国长期封闭落后和沉闷僵化的状况，打破了束缚人们的思想桎梏，调动了亿万人民群众的积极性，大大解放了生产力，有力地推动了经济社会的大发展，给中国大地带来了蓬勃生机和活力。中国３０年的变化，得益于改革开放。中国要实现富强民主文明和谐的现代化目标，仍然要靠改革开放。改革开放是决定当代中国命运的关键抉择，也是决定中国未来前途的战略方向。中国坚持改革开放的政策是坚定不移的。中华民族自古以来就有崇尚革新、兼收并蓄、博采众长的优秀传统和智慧。今天，中国人更从３０年改革开放的切身经验中体会到，只有不断而深入地推进经济体制、政治体制等各项改革，才是经济发展和社会进步的永恒动力；只有全面而持久地扩大对外开放，才是国家富强和民族繁荣的正确道路。这不但是实践探索的结论，也是历史经验的总结。

主席先生：

世界需要和平，和平才能发展。中国要实现自己的发展目标，渴望有一个和平的国际环境。中国政府坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，愿同各国加强合作，共同促进人类和平与发展的崇高事业。

尊重主权和互不干涉内政是国与国之间发展关系的前提。近代屈辱的历史使中国人民懂得，一个国家丧失主权，人民就没有尊严和地位。中国坚决捍卫来之不易的国家主权和领土完整，决不允许任何外来干涉。同时，中国坚持平等相待，尊重别国的主权和领土完整，尊重各国人民自主选择的社会制度和发展道路。

中国愿意在平等互利基础上，同所有国家发展友好关系，不以意识形态和社会制度定亲疏。在国际事务中，我们依照事情本身的是非曲直独立作出判断，根据国家利益和世界人民的福祉决定自己的立场，不盲从，不屈服于任何势力。在国际关系中，中国不结盟，更不当头，而且永远不结盟、不当头。

和平解决国际争端是联合国的宗旨，也是国际法的基本原则。中国坚持以对话和协商的方式处理与其它国家的历史遗留问题和现实分歧。同时，作为联合国安理会常任理事国，中国将一如既往地为推动和平解决国际热点问题和地区冲突发挥积极的建设性作用。

中国的发展是和平的发展，不会损害任何人，也不会威胁任何人。中国现在不称霸，将来也绝不称霸。中国保持和发展适当的军事力量，完全是为了维护国家主权和领土完整。当代中华民族的自信和荣光是建立在经济发展、社会公正、国民素质和道德力量的基础之上的。中国将以自身的发展促进世界的和平与发展。

主席先生：

在人类漫长的发展史上，世界各国的命运从未像今天这样紧密相连，休戚与共。面对气候变暖、环境恶化、资源紧缺、疫病和自然灾害频发、恐怖主义蔓延等一系列威胁人类生存和发展的全球性问题，面对当前金融、能源、粮食三大难题交织爆发的严峻局面，任何一个国家都无法置身其外，也难以单独应对。特别是当前国际金融动荡，已经波及许多国家，影响还会加剧，各国应当通力合作，迎接挑战。全世界的人们，包括各国的领导者，只要消除敌视、隔阂和偏见，以包容开放的胸怀坦诚相待，携手前行，人类一定会战胜各种困难，也一定会拥有一个更加光明美好的未来。中国作为一个负责的发展中大国，愿与国际社会一道，加强合作，共同分享机遇，应对挑战，为推动实现世界的和谐与可持续发展贡献力量。

谢谢大家！

Full text of Chinese premier's speech

at General Debate of 63rd Session of UN General Assembly

UNITED NATIONS, Sept.25(Xinhua)--The following is the full text of the speech delivered by Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao at the General Debate of the 63rd Session of the UN General Assembly on Wednesday.China Committed to Reform and Opening-up and Peaceful Development

Speech by H.E.Wen Jiabao

Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China At the General Debate of the 63rd Session of the UN General Assembly 24 September 2008 Mr.President，For China, this has been a special year.We experienced two major events.One was the devastating earthquake in Wenchuan, which caused grave losses of life and property.In the face of the disaster, the Chinese people showed great strength, courage, solidarity and resilience.By now, the people affected by the earthquake have been properly relocated and recovery and reconstruction work is well underway.The other was the successful hosting of the Beijing Olympic Games.This grand sporting event provided a good opportunity for athletes from around the world to show true sportsmanship.It also enabled the world to learn more about China and China more about the world.In our fight against the earthquake disaster and our efforts to host the Games, we received understanding, support and assistance from the international community.I wish to take this opportunity to express sincere gratitude on behalf of the Chinese Government and people.Now the whole world wants to know in what direction China is heading, both politically and economically, after the Beijing Olympic Games.Let me tell you in unequivocal terms that China will remain committed to the path of peaceful development, unswervingly pursue reform and opening-up, and continue to adhere to an independent foreign policy of peace.This is in the fundamental interests of the Chinese people and the people of all other countries.It is also in keeping with the trend of the world.The just concluded Olympic Games was held in China, the largest developing country in the world.The international community has highly commended the efforts made by the Chinese Government and people for the Games.And its success has greatly inspired the Chinese people and given them even more confidence and strength to achieve modernization of the country.At the same time, however, we are soberly aware that China is a country with 1.3 billion people.Though its total GDP is one of the highest in the world, it trails behind more than 100 countries in terms of per capita income.Development between urban and rural areas and among different regions in China is unbalanced.The rural areas, particularly those in western China, are underdeveloped.Tens of millions of Chinese lack adequate food and clothing.China is still a developing country, where productivity remains low and further development is constrained by the shortage of resources and energy and environmental consequences.Our socialist market economic system, democracy and the rule of law need to be further improved, and certain outstanding social issues are yet to be resolved.To achieve China's modernization is a daunting task and we still have a long way to go.Both the opportunities and challenges that we face are unprecedented.We will seize the opportunities, rise up to challenges, dedicate ourselves to nation-building and focus on development.This is what the Chinese Government and people have been thinking and doing.People may ask: How does China achieve its development? The answer is through reform and opening-up.This year marks the 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening-up policy, a policy that fundamentally changed the closed, backward, and ossified situation which had existed in China for years.It is a policy that freed people's mind and aroused their initiative, liberated the productive forces, generated great economic and social progress, and instilled vigor and vitality into the country.Without this policy, there would not have been such changes in China in the last 30 years.To achieve the goal of modernization and build a strong, prosperous, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious country, we will stick to the reform and opening-up policy.It is a choice of vital importance to the development of China today.It is also a strategy that will shape China's future.We are firm in carrying this policy forward.The Chinese nation has all along cherished the fine tradition and benefited from the wisdom of being open to new ideas and drawing on the strengths of others.The Chinese people have learned from 30 years of reform and opening-up that only continued economic and political restructuring and reform in other fields can lead to sustained economic growth and social progress, and only continued opening-up in an all-round way can lead the country to greater national strength and prosperity.This is the conclusion we have drawn both from our practice and exploration and from historical experiences.Mr.President，The world needs peace, for only with peace can there be development.China earnestly hopes to have a peaceful international environment in order to achieve its development goals.The Chinese Government is committed to an independent foreign policy of peace and stands ready to work with other countries to advance the noble cause of peace and progress of mankind.Respect for sovereignty and non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries is the prerequisite for sound state-to-state relations.The Chinese people have learned from their modern history of humiliation that when a country loses sovereignty, its people lose dignity and status.China is firm in upholding its hard-won sovereignty and territorial integrity and will never tolerate any external interference.Following the principle of treating each other as equals, China also respects the sovereignty and territorial integrity of other countries as well as the independent choice of their people for social systems and development paths.China is ready to develop friendly relations with all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit rather than on ideology or political system.In handling international affairs, we make our own judgment on the merit of each case and take our position in light of our national interests and the wellbeing of the world's people.We will neither blindly follow the position of others nor give way to the pressure of any forces.In international relations, China does not seek to build alliance or become a leader and will never do so in the future.Peaceful settlement of international disputes is a founding purpose of the United Nations and a basic principle of international law.China is committed to addressing issues left over from history and current differences with other countries through dialogue and negotiation.As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China will continue to play an active and constructive role in promoting peaceful settlement of international hotspot issues and regional conflicts.China's development is peaceful in nature.It will not harm anyone or pose a threat to anyone.China does not seek hegemony now, nor will it do so in the future.China keeps and develops an appropriate level of military capability solely for the purpose of safeguarding China's sovereignty and territorial integrity.The confidence and pride of the Chinese nation today are based on China's economic development, social justice, civility of the people and moral strength.China will, through its own development, contribute to peace and development of the world.Mr.President，In the long history of mankind, the destinies of countries have never been so closely linked as they are today.Given the global nature of issues threatening the survival and development of mankind such as climate change, environmental degradation, resources constraints, frequent outbreaks of diseases and natural disasters and the spread of terrorism, and in the face of the intertwining challenges of finance, energy and food, no country can expect to stay away from the difficulties or handle the problems all by itself.In particular, the international financial instability has spread to many countries now and its impact will grow even greater.All countries should work together to meet the challenges.So long as people of all countries, especially their leaders, can do away with hostility, estrangement and prejudice, treat each other with sincerity and an open mind, and forge ahead hand in hand, mankind will overcome all difficulties and embrace a brighter future.China, as a responsible major developing country, is ready to work with other members of the international community to strengthen cooperation, share opportunities, meet challenges and contribute to the harmonious and sustainable development of the world.Thank you.Full text of Chinese premier's speech

at General Debate of 63rd Session of UN General Assembly

UNITED NATIONS, Sept.25(Xinhua)--The following is the full text of the speech delivered by Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao at the General Debate of the 63rd Session of the UN General Assembly on Wednesday.China Committed to Reform and Opening-up and Peaceful Development

Speech by H.E.Wen Jiabao

Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China At the General Debate of the 63rd Session of the UN General Assembly 24 September 2008 Mr.President，For China, this has been a special year.We experienced two major events.One was the devastating earthquake in Wenchuan, which caused grave losses of life and property.In the face of the disaster, the Chinese people showed great strength, courage, solidarity and resilience.By now, the people affected by the earthquake have been properly relocated and recovery and reconstruction work is well underway.The other was the successful hosting of the Beijing Olympic Games.This grand sporting event provided a good opportunity for athletes from around the world to show true sportsmanship.It also enabled the world to learn more about China and China more about the world.In our fight against the earthquake disaster and our efforts to host the Games, we received understanding, support and assistance from the international community.I wish to take this opportunity to express sincere gratitude on behalf of the Chinese Government and people.Now the whole world wants to know in what direction China is heading, both politically and economically, after the Beijing Olympic Games.Let me tell you in unequivocal terms that China will remain committed to the path of peaceful development, unswervingly pursue reform and opening-up, and continue to adhere to an independent foreign policy of peace.This is in the fundamental interests of the Chinese people and the people of all other countries.It is also in keeping with the trend of the world.The just concluded Olympic Games was held in China, the largest developing country in the world.The international community has highly commended the efforts made by the Chinese Government and people for the Games.And its success has greatly inspired the Chinese people and given them even more confidence and strength to achieve modernization of the country.At the same time, however, we are soberly aware that China is a country with 1.3 billion people.Though its total GDP is one of the highest in the world, it trails behind more than 100 countries in terms of per capita income.Development between urban and rural areas and among different regions in China is unbalanced.The rural areas, particularly those in western China, are underdeveloped.Tens of millions of Chinese lack adequate food and clothing.China is still a developing country, where productivity remains low and further development is constrained by the shortage of resources and energy and environmental consequences.Our socialist market economic system, democracy and the rule of law need to be further improved, and certain outstanding social issues are yet to be resolved.To achieve China's modernization is a daunting task and we still have a long way to go.Both the opportunities and challenges that we face are unprecedented.We will seize the opportunities, rise up to challenges, dedicate ourselves to nation-building and focus on development.This is what the Chinese Government and people have been thinking and doing.People may ask: How does China achieve its development? The answer is through reform and opening-up.This year marks the 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening-up policy, a policy that fundamentally changed the closed, backward, and ossified situation which had existed in China for years.It is a policy that freed people's mind and aroused their initiative, liberated the productive forces, generated great economic and social progress, and instilled vigor and vitality into the country.Without this policy, there would not have been such changes in China in the last 30 years.To achieve the goal of modernization and build a strong, prosperous, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious country, we will stick to the reform and opening-up policy.It is a choice of vital importance to the development of China today.It is also a strategy that will shape China's future.We are firm in carrying this policy forward.The Chinese nation has all along cherished the fine tradition and benefited from the wisdom of being open to new ideas and drawing on the strengths of others.The Chinese people have learned from 30 years of reform and opening-up that only continued economic and political restructuring and reform in other fields can lead to sustained economic growth and social progress, and only continued opening-up in an all-round way can lead the country to greater national strength and prosperity.This is the conclusion we have drawn both from our practice and exploration and from historical experiences.Mr.President，The world needs peace, for only with peace can there be development.China earnestly hopes to have a peaceful international environment in order to achieve its development goals.The Chinese Government is committed to an independent foreign policy of peace and stands ready to work with other countries to advance the noble cause of peace and progress of mankind.Respect for sovereignty and non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries is the prerequisite for sound state-to-state relations.The Chinese people have learned from their modern history of humiliation that when a country loses sovereignty, its people lose dignity and status.China is firm in upholding its hard-won sovereignty and territorial integrity and will never tolerate any external interference.Following the principle of treating each other as equals, China also respects the sovereignty and territorial integrity of other countries as well as the independent choice of their people for social systems and development paths.China is ready to develop friendly relations with all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit rather than on ideology or political system.In handling international affairs, we make our own judgment on the merit of each case and take our position in light of our national interests and the wellbeing of the world's people.We will neither blindly follow the position of others nor give way to the pressure of any forces.In international relations, China does not seek to build alliance or become a leader and will never do so in the future.Peaceful settlement of international disputes is a founding purpose of the United Nations and a basic principle of international law.China is committed to addressing issues left over from history and current differences with other countries through dialogue and negotiation.As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China will continue to play an active and constructive role in promoting peaceful settlement of international hotspot issues and regional conflicts.China's development is peaceful in nature.It will not harm anyone or pose a threat to anyone.China does not seek hegemony now, nor will it do so in the future.China keeps and develops an appropriate level of military capability solely for the purpose of safeguarding China's sovereignty and territorial integrity.The confidence and pride of the Chinese nation today are based on China's economic development, social justice, civility of the people and moral strength.China will, through its own development, contribute to peace and development of the world.Mr.President，In the long history of mankind, the destinies of countries have never been so closely linked as they are today.Given the global nature of issues threatening the survival and development of mankind such as climate change, environmental degradation, resources constraints, frequent outbreaks of diseases and natural disasters and the spread of terrorism, and in the face of the intertwining challenges of finance, energy and food, no country can expect to stay away from the difficulties or handle the problems all by itself.In particular, the international financial instability has spread to many countries now and its impact will grow even greater.All countries should work together to meet the challenges.So long as people of all countries, especially their leaders, can do away with hostility, estrangement and prejudice, treat each other with sincerity and an open mind, and forge ahead hand in hand, mankind will overcome all difficulties and embrace a brighter future.China, as a responsible major developing country, is ready to work with other members of the international community to strengthen cooperation, share opportunities, meet challenges and contribute to the harmonious and sustainable development of the world.Thank you.Full text of Premier Wen's speech at Harvard

'Turning Your Eyes to China'

DEAN KIM CLARK: It's a great pleasure and a privilege to welcome you here today to this historic occasion.On behalf of the faculty and the staff and the students of the Harvard Business School I welcome all of you to our campus.We're certainly pleased to have Premier Wen here today on this great occasion.It's my good fortune to be able to introduce to you today my good friend, Bill Kirby, who is Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences.Bill.DEAN KIRBY: Thank you very much, Kim.The Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Harvard joins in welcoming all of you and our distinguished guests from the People's Republic of China.Today is a very important occasion, an opportunity for dialogue between members of the Harvard community and the leader of one of the most rapidly transforming and transformative countries in the world, whose future is closely intertwined with our own.And in this global era, universities serve an increasingly important function.We are points of connection and communication between citizens of different regions of the world.Harvard is honored to welcome Premier Wen and his delegation.As the first line of “The Analects” tells us, “How very glad we are to welcome friends from afar.” Our guest speaker today is, as you know, the Premier of the People's Republic of China, Premier Wen Jiabao.Seated to the Premier's left is Mr.Li Zhaoxing, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic.Next to Minister Li is Ma Kai, Minister of the National Development and Reform Commission.To Mr.Ma Kai's left is Mr.Wei Liqun, who is Director of the Research Office of the State Council.And seated next to the Director is the Honorable Yang Jiechi, the Ambassador of the People's Republic of China to the United States.And let me introduce the gentleman to my right.We have already had the pleasure of hearing from Dean Kim Clark of the Harvard Business School.And the gentleman to his right, Professor Dwight Perkins, the Director of the Harvard University Asia Center.To Professor Perkins' right is Professor Wilt Edema, Director of Harvard's Fairbank Center for East Asian Research, and to his right is the Honorable Clark Randt, the United States Ambassador to the People's Republic of China.Welcome, Ambassador Grant.Thank you all for coming, and may I now introduce our next speaker, ladies and gentlemen, the President of Harvard University, Lawrence Summers.PRESIDENT SUMMERS: Thanks very much, Bill.On a day like this I am particularly glad to have a distinguished scholar of Chinese history as the Dean of our Faculty of Arts and Sciences.Premier Wen, we are honored to have you here today.On behalf of the entire Harvard community and especially the 350 Chinese students at Harvard, and the nearly 500 scholars, teachers and professors at Harvard, I am delighted to welcome you to our university.When the history of our era is written a century or two from now I suspect that the end of the Cold War, the fall of the Berlin Wall, may be the second story in that history.The first story in that history may be the dramatic developments on the Asian continent over the last quarter century and the next, and at the center of that story is your country, China.This is surely a moment of promise, of risk, and of opportunity in China.And our distinguished speaker, Wen Jiabao, is poised to lead China into a new era with great potential for growth and prosperity.A geologist by training and an experienced public servant over more than three decades, Premier Wen has the very well-established reputation of being a very able and very well-trusted statesman.He and I had a chance to meet, it was my very great privilege to meet with him, when I traveled to China several years ago on behalf of the U.S.government, and I am now delighted to welcome to Harvard University Premier Wen.Premier Wen, we look forward to your remarks.PREMIER WEN: Mr.President, ladies and gentlemen.I would like to begin by sincerely thanking President Summers for his kind invitation.Harvard is a world famous institution of higher learning, attracting the best minds and bringing them up generation after generation.In its 367 years of history, Harvard has produced seven American presidents and more than 40 Nobel Laureates.You have reason to be proud of your university.It is my great pleasure today to stand on your rostrum and have this face-to-face exchange with you.I like young people very much.Because young people are always so energetic and they have the least conservative ideas, and they represent the future of our world.And this year during the outbreak of the SARS epidemic, I thought about the students.I cared a lot for them, and I wanted to gain strength from them.So that was why I went to our Tsinghua University to have lunch with them.And also I went to Beijing University and I had a chat with the students in the library.At that time probably you could not have imagined what an atmosphere we were in, but I felt that the young people were as hopeful as ever.They always dream about a beautiful future.They pointed to the trees outside the window and said to me, “People like to say that when all the leaves grow, when the tree becomes green all over, this crisis will be over.And they also said that they would all rather be the green leaves themselves, and they asked me, Premier, in this big tree, which part of the tree are you? I immediately replied, ”I'm also one of the leaves like you.“

I think the developments proved to be like they predicted.When spring came back, when the trees became green, this outbreak was driven away.As the speaker today, of course I think I need to explain myself a little bit to my audience, and I owe you this because in this way we can have a heart-to-heart discussion.As you know, as you probably know, I'm the son of a schoolteacher.I spent my childhood mostly in the smoke and fire of war.I was not as fortunate as you as a child.When Japanese aggressors drove all the people in my place to the Central Plaza, I had to huddle closely against my mother.Later on, my whole family and house were all burned up, and even the primary school that my grandpa built himself all went up in flames.In my work life, most of the time I worked in areas under the most harsh conditions in China.Therefore I know my country and my people quite well and I love them so deeply.The title of my speech today is ”Turning Your Eyes To China.“ China and the United States are far apart, and they differ, they differ greatly in the level of economic development and culture.[At this point a protester interrupted.]

Please allow me to continue with my speech.Ladies and gentlemen, I will not be disrupted.Because I'm deeply convinced that the 300 million American people do have friendly feelings towards the Chinese people.And I'm deeply convinced the development and improvement of China-U.S.relations will not only serve the interests of our two peoples but is also conducive to peace and stability of the whole world.I know that China and the United States are far apart geographically and they differ greatly in the level of economic development and a cultural background.I hope my speech will help increase our mutual understanding.In order to understand the true China, a changing society full of promises, it is necessary to get to know her yesterday, her today, and her tomorrow.China yesterday was a big ancient country that created a splendid civilization.As we all know in history of mankind there appeared the Mesopotamian civilization in West Asia, the ancient Egyptian civilization along the Nile in North Africa, the ancient Greek-Roman civilization along the northern bank of the Mediterranean, the ancient Indian civilization in the Indus River Valley in South Asia, and the Chinese civilization originating in the Yellow and Yangtze River Valleys.Owing to earthquake, flood, plague and famine, or to alien invasion or internal turmoil, some of these ancient civilizations withered away, some were destroyed and others became assimilated into other civilizations.Only the Chinese civilization, thanks to its strong cohesive power and inexhaustible appeal, has survived many vicissitudes intact.The 5,000-year-long civilization is the source of pride of every Chinese.The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long course.More than 2,000 years ago there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius.Taoism, represented by Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term, ”the masters' hundred schools.“ From Confucius to Dr.Sun Yat-sen, the traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas and qualities, which are essentially populist and democratic.For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, on seeking harmony without uniformity and on the idea that the world is for all.Especially, patriotism as embodied in the saying, ”everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country;“ the populist ideas that, people are the foundation of the country and that people are more important than the monarch;the code of conduct of, don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you;and the traditional virtues taught from generation to generation: long suffering and hard working diligence and frugality in household management, and respecting teachers and valuing education.All these have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society.On this year's Teacher's Day, which fell on the 10th of September, I specially went to see Professor Ji Xianlin of Peking University in his hospital ward.Professor Ji, 92 years old, is a great scholar in both Chinese and Western learning, and specializing in Oriental studies.I enjoy reading his prose.And he had a very good habit that is even in his hospital he would keep a journal, in fact a very beautiful essay about what he saw and did and felt for that particular day.And he studied a special Oriental language and probably he is among the very few in the world who actually knows this language.In our conversation we talked about the movement of Eastern learning spreading to the West, and also Western learning spreading to the East in modern times.In the 17th and 18th centuries, foreign missionaries translated Chinese classics into European languages and introduced them to Europe, and this aroused great interest in some eminent scholars and enlightenment thinkers there.Among them, Descartes, Leibniz, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Goethe and Kant all studied the traditional Chinese culture.In my younger days I read Voltaire's writings.He said that a thinker who wanted to study the history of this planet should first turn his eyes to the East, China included.He once said that when people in many other countries are debating about the origin of the human species the Chinese are already seriously writing about their history.Interestingly, one and a half centuries ago, R.W.Emerson, a famous American philosopher and outstanding Harvard graduate, also fell for the traditional Chinese culture.He quoted profusely from Confucius and Mencius in his essays.He placed Confucius on a par with Socrates and Jesus Christ, saying that we read the moral teachings of the Confucius school with profit today, though they were addressed to a state of society unlike ours.Rereading these words of Voltaire and Emerson today, I cannot but admire their wisdom and far sight.China today is a country in reform and opening up, and a rising power dedicated to peace.The late Dr.John King Fairbank used the following words to describe China's overpopulation and land scarcity.On the land owned by one farmer in the U.S., there might live hundreds of people forming a village in China.He went on to say that although the Americans were mostly farmers in the past, they never felt such pressure of population density.A large population and underdevelopment are the two facts China has to face.Since China has 1.3 billion people, I often like to say, I often like to make a very easy but at the same time very complicated division and multiplication.That is, any small individual problem multiplied by 1.3 billion becomes a big, big problem.And any considerable amount of financial and material resources divided by 1.3 billion becomes a very low per capita level.And becomes really small.This is a reality the Chinese leaders have to keep firmly in mind at all times.We can rely on no one else except ourselves to resolve the problems facing our 1.3 billion people.Since the founding of the People's Republic, we have achieved much in our national reconstruction.At the same time we have made a few detours and missed some opportunities.By 1978, with the adoption of the reform and opening up policies, we had ultimately found the right path of development.The Chinese people's path of independently building socialism with Chinese characteristics.The essence of this path of development is to mobilize all positive factors, emancipate and develop the productive forces, and respect and protect the freedom of the Chinese people to pursue happiness.China's reform and opening up have spread from rural areas to the cities, from the economic field to the political, cultural, and social arenas.Each and every step forward is designed in the final analysis to release the gushing vitality of labor, knowledge, technology, managerial expertise and capital, and allow all sources of social wealth to flow to the fullest extent.For quite some time in the past, China had a structure of highly centralized planned economy.With deepening restructuring towards the socialist market economy and progress in a development of democratic politics, there was gradual lifting of the former improper restrictions, visible and invisible, on people's freedom in the choice of occupation, mobility, enterprise, investment, information, travel, faith and lifestyles.This has brought extensive and profound changes never seen before in China's history.On one hand, the enthusiasm of the work force in both cities and countryside has been set free.In particular, hundreds of millions of farmers are now able to leave their old villages and move into towns and the cities, especially in the coastal areas.And tens of millions of intellectuals are now able to bring their talent and creativity into full play.On the other hand, the massive assets owned by the state can now be revitalized.A private capital pool in the amount of trillions of yuan can take shape, and more than 500 billion U.S.dollars' worth of overseas capital can flow in.This combination of capital and labor results in a drama of industrialization and urbanization of a size rarely seen in human history being staged on 9.6 million square kilometers of land called China.Here lies the secret of the 9.4 percent annual growth rate that Chinese economy has been able to maintain in the past 25 years.The tremendous wealth created by China in the past quarter of a century has not only enabled our 1.3 billion countrymen to meet their basic needs for food, clothing and shelter and basically realize a modestly comfortable standard of living but also contributed to world development.China owes all this progress to the policy of reform and opening up and in the final analysis to the freedom-inspired creativity of the Chinese people.It has become so clear to me that, at the current stage, China has an abundant supply of labor in proportion to her limited natural resources and short capital.If no effective measures are taken to protect the fundamental rights of our massive labor force, and in particular the farmer workers coming to the cities, they may end up a miserable plight as described in the novels by Charles Dickens and Theodore Dreiser.Without effective protection of the citizens' rights to property, it will be difficult to attract and accumulate valuable capital.Therefore the Chinese government is committed to protecting the fundamental rights of all the working and the right to property, both public and private.This has been explicitly provided for in China's laws and put into practice.China's reform and opening-up is exactly aimed at promoting human rights in China.The two are mutually dependent and reinforcing.Reform and opening-up creates conditions for the advancement of human rights, and the advancement of human rights invigorates the former.If one separates the two and thinks that China only goes after economic growth and ignores the protection of human rights, such a view does not square with the facts.Just as President FDR said, true individual freedom cannot exist without economic security and independence, and necessitous men are not free men.I am not suggesting that China's human rights situation is impeccable.The Chinese government has all along been making earnest efforts to correct the malpractices and negative factors of one kind or another in the human rights field.It is extremely important and difficult in China to combine development, reform and stability.Seeing is believing.If our friends come to China and see for themselves, they will be able to judge objectively and appreciate the progress made there in human rights and the Chinese government's hard work in upholding human rights since the beginning of reform and opening-up.China is a large developing country.It is neither proper nor possible for us to rely on foreign countries for development.We must and we can only rely on our own efforts.In other words, while opening still wider to the outside world, we must more fully and more consciously depend on our own structural innovation, on constantly expanding the domestic market, on converting the huge savings of our citizens into investment, and on improving the quality of the population and scientific and technological progress to solve the problems of resources and the environment.Here lies the essence of China's relative peaceful rise and development.Of course, China is still a developing country.There is an obvious gap between its urban and rural areas and between its eastern and western regions.If you travel to the coastal cities in China's southeast, you will see modern size skyscrapers, busy traffic, and brightly lit streets.But that is not what China is all about.In vast rural areas of China, especially in the central and western rural parts, there are still many backward places.Not long ago, Secretary Evans of Commerce had a talk with me about China/U.S.economic relations and trade.Before he met with me he went to see some rural areas in China's west and in our meeting he showed me two pictures he shot in his visit and reflected the state of backwardness in those quarters.And in fact he felt strongly about what he saw.He said that he would never forget the people that he met within that trip.I said to him that out of the total of 2,500 counties in China I have personally been to 1,800 of them and I've been to the poorest areas in China.I said to him that what you saw in fact is not the poorest of areas and I said that if you can see what China really is then our discussion today would be very easy.And our conversation did indeed turn out to be very interesting and useful.In those poor and remote mountain villages folks still use manual labor and animals to till the land.They live in houses made of sun-dried mud bricks.In times of severe drought there will be scarcity of drinking water for people and animals.I often remember in my mind two lines from a poem written by Mr.Chen Banjao in 18th century.That is:

The rustling of bamboo outside my door Sounds like the moaning of the needy poor.As the premier of China I'm often torn with anxiety and unable to eat or sleep with ease when I think of the fact that there are still 30 million farmers lacking food, clothing and shelter, 23 million city dwellers living on subsistence allowances and 60 million disabled and handicapped people in need of social security aid.For China to reach the level of developed countries it will still take the sustained hard work of several generations, a dozen generations or even dozens of generations.China tomorrow will continue to be a major country that loves peace and has a great deal to look forward.Peace loving has been a time-honored quality of the Chinese nation.The very first emperor of the Qin Dynasty commanded the building of the Great Wall 2,000 years ago for defense purposes.The Tang Dynasty opened up the Silk Road one thousand years ago in order to sell silk, tea and porcelain to other parts of the world.Five hundred years ago, Zheng He, the famous diplomat navigator of the Ming Dynasty, led seven maritime expeditions to seek friendly ties with other countries, taking along China's exquisite products, advanced farming and handicraft skills.The great Russian writer Leo Tolstoy once called the Chinese nation the oldest and largest nation, and, the most peace-loving nation in the world.As the modern times began, the ignorance, corruption and self-imposed seclusion of the feudal dynasties led China to prolonged social stagnation, declining national strength and repeated invasions by the foreign powers.Despite compounded disasters and humiliation, the Chinese nation never gave up, and managed to emerge from each setback stronger than before.A nation learns a lot more in times of disaster and setback than in normal times.Now, China has laid down her three-step strategy towards modernization.From now to the year 2020, China will complete the building of a comfortable society in an all-round way.By 2049, the year the People's Republic will celebrate its centenary, we will have reached the level of a medium-developed country.We have no illusions but believe that on our way forward, we shall encounter many difficulties foreseeable and unpredictable and face all kinds of tough challenges.We cannot afford to lose such a sense of crisis.Of course, the Chinese government and people are confident enough to overcome all the difficulties and achieve our ambitious goals through our vigorous efforts.This is because the overriding trend of the present-day world is towards peace and development.China's development is blessed with a rare period of strategic opportunities.And if we don't grasp it, it will slip away.We are determined to secure a peaceful international environment and a stable domestic environment in which to concentrate on our own development, and with it to help promote world peace and development.This is because the socialism China adheres to is brimming with vigor and vitality.From the day when I became Prime Minister, I made an analogy.I said that socialism is like an ocean that takes in all the rivers and will never go dry.While planting our feet solidly on our national conditions we will boldly press ahead with reform and opening-up, and boldly absorb all fine achievements of human civilizations.There is no limit to the life and exuberance of a socialism that is good at self-readjustment and self-improvement.This is because 25 years of reform and opening-up has given China a considerable material accumulation, and her economy has gained a foothold in the world.The motivation of China's millions to pursue happiness and create wealth is an inexhaustible reservoir of drive for the country's modernization.This is because the Chinese nation has rich and profound cultural reserves.Harmony without uniformity is a great idea put forth by ancient Chinese thinkers.It means harmony without sameness, and difference without conflict.Harmony entails co-existence and co-prosperity, while difference conduces to mutual complementation and mutual support.To approach and address issues from such a perspective will not only help enhance relations with friendly countries, but also serve to resolve contradictions in the international community.Ladies and Gentlemen, A deeper mutual understanding is a two-way process.I hope American people, young people in this country, will turn their eyes to China.I also trust that our young people will turn their eyes more to the United States.The United States is a great country.Since the days of the early settlers the Americans with their toughness, frontier spirit, pragmatism, innovation, and their respect for knowledge, admission of talents, their scientific tradition and rule of law, have forged the prosperity of this country.The composure, courage and readiness to help one another shown by the American people in the face of the September 11th terrorist attacks are truly admirable.Entering the 21st century, mankind is confronted with more complicated economic and social problems.The cultural element will have a more important role to play in the new century.Different nations may speak different languages, but the people's hearts and feelings are interlinked.Different cultures may present manifold features, yet they often share the same rational core elements that can always be passed on by people.The civilizations of different nations are all fruits of human wisdom and contribution to human progress;they call for mutual respect.Conflicts triggered by ignorance or prejudice are sometimes more dreadful than those caused by contradictory interests.We propose to seek common in a spirit of equality and tolerance, and carry on extensive inter-civilization dialogue and closer cultural exchanges.In his poem, ”Malvern Hill," the famous American poet Herman Melville wrote:

Wag the world how it will.Leaves must be green in Spring.The youth represents the future of the nation and the world.Faced with the bright prospect of China-U.S.relations in the new century, I hope the young people of China and the young people of the United States will join their hands more closely.Ladies and Gentlemen, Chinese forefathers formulated their goals as follows:

To ordain conscience for Heaven and Earth.To secure life and fortune for the people.To continue lost teachings for past sages.To establish peace for all future generations.Today, mankind is in the middle of a period of drastic social change.It would be a wise approach for all countries to carry forward their fine cultural heritages by tracing back their origin, passing on the essentials, learning from one another and breaking new ground.My appeal is that we work together with our wisdom and strength for the progress and development of human civilization.Our success will do credit to our forbears and bring benefit to our posterity.In this way, our children and their children will be able to live in a more peaceful, more tranquil and more prosperous world.I am convinced that such an immensely bright and beautiful tomorrow will arrive.Thank you for your attention.Now I'll be happy to take questions from you.You may raise your hands.DEAN KIRBY: Thank you, Premier Wen, for your wide ranging and very interesting historical perspective.And as a historian I have many questions I would like to ask you, but it's not my turn.We have several questions that have been submitted by our students, and I just have to tell you that students ask much harder questions than deans.So if I may read you one question that has been submitted by our students.Premier Wen, what do you feel are the prospects for democracy in China? Do you envisage any changes in the role of the Communist Party? For example, do you envisage contested direct elections for township, county, and provincial governments?

PREMIER WEN: There's no question that to develop democracy, the objective of our endeavor, all our efforts will be aimed at building China into a prosperous, democratic, civilized and modern country.We once said that without democracy there will be no socialism.To develop socialist democracy some specific measures will have to be taken.First, we need to improve the election system.Just now you mentioned election in China.Among China's 680,000 villages we carry out direct election for the Villager's Committee.And direct/indirect election is carried out at counties and the municipalities where they don't have districts.And we also have indirect election for officials at provincial and central level.Because conditions are not ripe yet for direct election of senior officials, China is such a big country and our economic development is so uneven, to start with I think the educational level of the population is not high enough.Second, we should let the people supervise the work of the government and be critical of the performance of the government.Only when we allow the people to supervise the performance of the government, the government cannot afford to slack in its efforts in serving the people.And only when the government accepts the criticism from the public we can ensure the success of all policy.In China it would be a time-consuming process to develop China's democracy perfectly.But if you look at the U.S.history it is also time consuming for U.S.to develop its democracy from the days of the Declaration of Independence in the year 1776 to the Civil War in 1860s, and to the incidents of Martin Luther King in the 1960s.Just now in the speech I quoted President Roosevelt.He said the necessitous men were not free men.In fact in preparing his Declaration of Independence President Jefferson also placed the right to development before anything else.President Jefferson put the right to life before anything else.So we need to work to improve the living standards of 1.3 billion Chinese people.This is a big challenge ahead.Thank you.People sometimes have mixed feelings about giving a speech in Harvard.They like to come here very much because Harvard is so famous as a gathering place of the best brains in the world.But at the same time they also feel afraid because they know from the faculty and students there will be touch questions.Before I arrived here I kept recalling one remark my mother always said to me.According to my mother a person should try to be truthful, honest, sincere and candid.If a people can reach these standards then he will find himself with a very highest state of mind.I may not be able to give you good answers, yet I always speak from my mind and tell you the truth.DEAN KIRBY: A question from the floor.Yes ma'am.WOMAN: My name is Changju.I'm from the Harvard School of Education, and I came here two years ago.I got my Bachelor of Arts degree from Beijing University, from the English Department.And my question is, we are very excited that Beijing is going to host the 2008 Olympic Games, and when Premier Wen has said that we're going to do our best to host the Olympic Games, so I was wondering what kind of aspects are you talking about.Thank you.PREMIER WEN: It seems that she is more nervous than I am.I don't know about the audience if there are more Chinese students or more American students.But since you mentioned the Olympic Games that is to be hosted by China, it reminds me of a sad story in the past.Before China was liberated, before PRC was founded in '49, we at that time were only able to send one athlete by name of Yo Jangjin, he was a short distance runner, to participate in the Olympic Games.The game was held in the United States so he took a ship and had a long journey.He was already exhausted after the long journey when he reached the United States.He was the only representative of China in the Olympic Games.He did not win any medal but he had the support and attention and care of the entire Chinese population.Now it's a different story.The Olympic Games is going to be held in China.This is because China has developed itself to a great extent, and China already has the respect of the international community.I said we will stage an excellent game in China.This will mean that it will be of very high standard.But at the same time I have to say that China is still a developing country.We have to practice economy.We cannot squander the resources away.Thank you.DEAN KIRBY: The gentleman far up in the white shirt, there sir?

MAN: I hope it's OK if I speak in English for this question.You mentioned in your visit with President Bush a couple of days ago that you are hoping to encourage American imports into China to balance the trade deficit.And I was wondering what steps China will be taking to encourage American imports into China.PREMIER WEN: Indeed the Americans have a strong interest in seeing more U.S.products to be sold in Chinese market.And I also discussed this with President Bush yesterday.It will be fair to draw attention to the fact that in recent two years the U.S.export to China has grown.Last year while the U.S.export to the rest of the world grew at a rate of only two to three percent, U.S.export to China grew by 15 percent.And the first 10 months of this year U.S.export to China grew by 26 percent.We have to recognize the fact that in the trade relationship United States does run a quite significant deficit with China.I had a very good discussion with President Bush.The two of us did not get bogged down on the small details, so precisely as described by the famous poem in China, was the ascent to the top of the Mountain Tai, where the other peaks are simply dwarfed.I proposed to President Bush five principles on further expansion of our economic cooperation in trade.And the first principle is mutual benefits and a win-win situation.We need to think broadly.Each side must take into account the interests of the other side.Second, we need to find a solution to the trade imbalance problem through the expansion of trade.To cut back China's export to the U.S.market is not a good solution.The better solution is for U.S.to increase its export to China.

第五篇：李克强在第71届联合国大会一般性辩论时的讲话

李克强在第71届联合国大会一般性辩论时的讲话（双语官方文本）

Premier Li’s statement at General Debate of 71st session of UN General Assembly

携手建设和平稳定可持续发展的世界

——在第71届联合国大会一般性辩论时的讲话 中华人民共和国国务院总理 李克强（2016年9月21日，纽约）

UNITED NATIONS — Premier Li Keqiang on Sept 21 made a statement at the General Debate of the 71st Session of the United Nations General Assembly.The following is the full text of Premier Li’s statement:

Work for a World of Peace, Stability and Sustainable Development

主席先生： Mr.President，祝贺您当选第71届联合国大会主席，相信在您的主持下，本届联大将顺利推进各项议程。我也赞赏上届联大主席吕克托夫特先生卓有成效的工作。

I congratulate you on your election as President of the 71st Session of the UN General Assembly.I believe that under your presidency, this session of the General Assembly will move forward and make good progress according to its agenda.I also appreciate the effective work of Mr.Lykketoft as President of the last session of the UNGA.我还要向潘基文秘书长致以敬意。过去10年，秘书长先生以包容、谦逊、和谐的处事之道和勤勉、务实的工作作风，为维护世界和平、推动可持续发展、促进和保护人权等作出了重要贡献。

I also wish to pay tribute to Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon who, with modesty and a drive for harmony and accommodation, has worked /diligently/tirelessly and in a down-to-earth manner over the past decade, and whose work has contributed significantly to world peace, sustainable development and the advancement and protection of human rights in the world.主席先生，各位同事！Mr.President, Dear Colleagues，去年联合国发展峰会通过《2030年可持续发展议程》，为全球发展描绘了新愿景。中国国家主席习近平在峰会上围绕“谋共同永续发展，做合作共赢伙伴”，阐述了中国的原则立场，表明了中国的积极态度。

The UN Sustainable Development Summit held last year adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, opening a new vision for global development.At the summit, Chinese President Xi Jinping gave a speech entitled “Toward Win-win Partnership for Sustainable Development” to expound on China’s principles and position as well as its readiness to advance the agenda for sustainable development.今年是落实可持续发展议程的开局之年。前不久召开的二十国集团领导人杭州峰会，就推动世界经济增长达成杭州共识，为构建创新、活力、联动、包容的世界经济描绘了愿景。峰会共同承诺积极落实2030年可持续发展议程，并制定了落实2030年可持续发展议程行动计划，为全球可持续发展事业注入新的动力。中国政府还率先批准并发布了《中国落实2030年可持续发展议程国别方案》。联大一般性辩论以“可持续发展目标：共同努力改造我们的世界”为主题，很有现实意义。Cannot be more relevant This year is the first in the Agenda’s implementation.The G20 Summit held not long ago in Hangzhou of China reached the Hangzhou consensus on world economic growth.A blueprint was drawn for building an innovative, invigorated, interconnected and inclusive world economy.Participants at the Summit pledged to actively implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and formulated an action plan toward that end, which injected new vigor to global sustainable development.The Chinese government was also among the first to adopt and release the country’s National Plan on Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.As for the General Assembly, it has decided that for this year’s session, the general debate will focus on the theme “The Sustainable Development Goals: a universal push to transform our world”.These, in my view, are all highly relevant.可持续发展首先是要发展，基础也在于发展。离开了发展，也就谈不上可持续。当今世界的很多问题，都是由于发展不足引起的。无论是贫困、难民危机，还是战乱冲突、恐怖主义等，都能从发展落后上找到根源，也都需要通过发展寻求根本解决之道。唯有发展，才能保障人民的基本权利。唯有发展，才能消除全球性挑战的根源。唯有发展，才能推动人类文明进步。Sustainable development is first and foremost about development.Development underpins every human achievement.Without development, nothing can be sustainable.The lack of development is often at the root of many problems facing the world.Be it poverty or the refugee crisis, war, conflicts or terrorism, they all could be attributed to insufficient development and none can be addressed properly without development.Only development can guarantee people’s fundamental rights.Only development can root out the cause for global challenges.And only development can advance human civilization and progress.发展必须是可持续的。可持续有着丰富内涵，哪个方面做不到，都将使发展陷入停滞与困顿。如果发展不平衡、不平等，南北差距、贫富差距拉大，则不可持续。如果发展方式粗放，高消耗、高污染、高排放，超过资源环境承受能力，也不可持续。如果经济社会发展不协调，一条腿长一条腿短，同样不可持续。只有深刻认识和把握可持续的内涵，全面推进减贫、南北合作和南南合作、应对气候变化等各项事业，促进公平共享和绿色发展，发展才能立得稳、走得远。

Development must be sustainable.It must be sustainable in all dimensions, otherwise development will be stalled and strained.Development won’t be sustainable if it is unbalanced, unequal and widens the gap between the North and the South and the rich and the poor.Development won’t be sustainable if it is achieved in an extensive manner, driven by high consumption, high pollution and high emissions and depletes resources and strains the environment.Development won’t be sustainable if economic growth and social progress are not well coordinated.Only when we keep a profound understanding of the implication of sustainability, make all-around progress in poverty reduction, North-South and South-South cooperation, climate change and other fields, and work to promote equal sharing and green development can we ensure that development is truly solid and sustainable.可持续发展必须包容联动。当前，可持续发展面临严峻挑战。地区冲突和热点问题此起彼伏，传统和非传统安全威胁相互交织，可持续发展环境堪忧。世界经济复苏乏力，经济全球化阻力加大，可持续发展动力不足。重大疫情、自然灾害频发等问题日益突出，能源资源安全、粮食安全、金融安全问题交织，可持续发展任务艰巨。越是在艰难时刻，越要提振信心。人类总是有智慧找到办法、有能力突破困境的，关键是要相互合作、同舟共济。国际社会应以命运共同体、利益攸关者的新视角，采取一致行动，共同应对全球性挑战。

Sustainable development must be inclusive and interconnected.Currently, the sustainable development endeavor is faced with grave challenges: regional conflicts and hotspots are incessant, traditional and nontraditional security threats intertwine, and the environment for sustainable development gives no reason for optimism.World economic recovery remains lukewarm, economic globalization faces strong headwind, and the momentum for sustainable development is weak.Frequent occurrence of major infectious diseases and natural disasters is increasingly prominent, the issues of energy and resource security, food security and financial security are interwoven, and sustainable development remains an uphill journey.Difficult moments call for stronger confidence.I believe mankind has the wisdom and capability to find a way out of difficulty.For that to happen, there must be cooperation and a spirit of working together to tide over difficulties.It is time that the international community take on a new perspective.It should see itself as a community of shared future in which all are stakeholders, and should make concerted efforts to jointly tackle global challenges.主席先生，各位同事！Mr.President, Dear Colleagues，推动可持续发展，要近期和远期结合，以务实的行动应对当前的挑战，积极变革和改造我们的世界。

To advance sustainable development, we must keep both short-term and long-term interests in mind, tackle challenges with concrete efforts and work actively to transform and change our world.——我们必须维护《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则。没有和平稳定的环境，就没有可持续发展，已经取得的发展成果也会丧失。世界能保持70多年的和平，是来之不易的，这说明以联合国为核心的现行国际体系和以《联合国宪章》为基础的国际关系准则行之有效，必须坚决予以维护。这不仅符合各国人民的共同利益，也是实现可持续发展目标最重要的保障。各国要把《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则真正落到实处，支持联合国及其安理会在国际事务中发挥主导作用，支持不断改革完善全球治理机制，以适应国际政治、经济格局出现的新变化。要树立共同、综合、合作、可持续的新安全观，建设“对话而不对抗、结伴而不结盟”的全球伙伴关系。

— We must uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter.Without peace and stability, there will be no sustainable development;even the fruits of development already reaped risk being lost.The hard-won peace that has prevailed over the past 70 years or more testifies to the effectiveness of the existing international system with the UN at its core and of the norms of international relations established on the basis of the UN Charter.This international system and these norms governing international relations must be upheld resolutely, for they not only serve the common interests of people of all countries, but also provide the most essential guarantee for attainment of the sustainable development goals.Countries need to honor the purposes and principles of the UN Charter in letter and in spirit, and should support the leading role of the UN and its Security Council in global affairs.Countries need to be supportive of steady reform and improvement of global governance mechanisms, so as to adapt to the changing international political and economic landscape.A new concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security should be nurtured and a global partnership should be established that features “dialogue instead of confrontation, and partnership instead of alliance”.——我们必须坚持政治解决热点问题的大方向。化解地区热点，政治解决是根本之道。历史一再证明，诉诸武力、以暴制暴，只能使仇恨延续、战火不已，最终不会有赢家。冲突各方应摒弃零和思维，以对话解争端、以协商化分歧、以宽容求和解。国际社会斡旋调解要主持公道正义，劝和不挑事、帮忙不添乱。在叙利亚问题上，应当坚持政治解决的大方向，国际社会应加紧推动叙有关各方尽早结束战乱，达成全面政治解决方案。关于朝鲜半岛核问题，应坚持实现半岛无核化目标，坚持维护半岛和地区和平稳定，坚持通过对话协商解决问题，有效维护国际核不扩散体系。恐怖主义是人类公敌，必须坚决予以打击，同时不能搞双重标准，不能把恐怖主义与特定国家、民族和宗教挂钩。

— We must stay committed to the general direction of settling hotspot issues through political means.Political resolution is the fundamental way to address regional hotspot issues.History has shown once and again that to repress violence with force can only lead to more hatred and warfare, from which no winner will emerge.Parties involved in conflicts must reject the zero-sum mentality.They should settle disputes through dialogue, address differences through consultation and seek reconciliation with tolerance.The mediation efforts of the international community must be fair and impartial.It should only facilitate the settlement of issues, not invite new troubles.On the Syrian issue, it is important to seek a political settlement.The international community should step up efforts to encourage parties concerned in Syria to put an end to conflict at an early date and reach a deal for comprehensive political settlement.On the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula, it is imperative to achieve denuclearization and maintain peace and stability both on the Peninsula and in the region.It is important to address issues through dialogue and consultation, and effectively uphold the international nuclear non-proliferation regime.Terrorism is the common enemy of mankind and must be combated resolutely.At the same time, the practice of double standard should be avoided and there should be no linkage between terrorism and a certain country, ethnicity or religion.——我们必须携手促进世界经济稳定复苏。世界经济不能长期低迷下去，否则可持续发展就成无源之水。当前世界经济既面临总需求不足的问题，又存在突出的结构性矛盾。要统筹运用多种有效政策工具，做到需求管理与供给侧改革并重、短期政策与长期政策结合。二十国集团领导人杭州峰会，就加强宏观政策协调、创新增长方式、推进结构性改革、完善全球经济金融治理、重振国际贸易和投资两大引擎、实现包容和联动式发展等达成一系列共识，提出重大倡议和举措。我们呼吁世界各国同心协力，推动世界经济真正走上强劲、可持续、平衡、包容增长之路。主要经济体影响举足轻重，应以负责任态度制定和协调宏观政策，既要考虑促进自身增长，也要尽力减少负面外溢效应，不能给复苏乏力的世界经济雪上加霜。— We must work together for steady recovery of the global economy.The world economy cannot afford long-term sluggishness, otherwise sustainable development will be a fountain without source.The current world economy is faced with both insufficient aggregate demand as well as outstanding structural problems.It is necessary to employ effective policy tools in a holistic manner, and to combine demand management with supply-side reform and short-term policies with long-term ones.At the G20 Hangzhou Summit, participants reached common ground and put forward a series of major initiatives and measures to strengthen macro policy coordination, find new ways of growth, advance structural reform, improve global economic and financial governance, reinvigorate international trade and investment, the twin engines of global growth, and achieve inclusive and interconnected development.We call on all countries to make concerted efforts to drive the global economy along a path of strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth.Major economies, given their significant influence, need to act in a responsible manner in policy-making and policy coordination.While focusing on their own growth, they also need to strive to reduce negative spill-overs of their policies and refrain from adding to the difficulty of global economic recovery.以贸易和投资自由化便利化为代表的经济全球化，是过去几十年世界经济快速发展的重要动力。但世上不存在有百利而无一弊的灵丹妙药。毋庸讳言，经济全球化也对有的国家产业和群体造成了一定的冲击和影响。对此，应积极采取措施加以化解，而不能因噎废食、因小失大。经济全球化符合各国长远和根本利益，是大势所趋。各方应坚决反对一切形式的保护主义，坚定维护以世界贸易组织为代表的自由贸易体制，使各国经济在双赢、多赢、共赢中实现持续健康发展。

Economic globalization, represented by trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, has been a strong driving force behind fast global growth in past decades.Yet, this is not to say that there exists any panacea in the world.Frankly, economic globalization has taken its toll on some industries and communities in certain countries to certain extent.Active measures need to be taken to address the problem, but it is always important to keep in mind the bigger picture instead of keeping one’s eyes on the narrow interests only.Economic globalization is a general trend that is in line with the long-term and fundamental interests of all countries.Countries need to stand firm to oppose protectionism of any form, and need to be resolute in upholding the free trade regime represented by the WTO.This is a way to enable sustained and sound economic growth for all countries through win-win and all-win development.——我们必须着力解决人类面临的全球性挑战。要更加关注和支持非洲和最不发达国家，帮助他们加快工业化进程、保障粮食安全、消除贫困和饥饿，让更多的人生活得体面、有尊严。要努力营造有利于减少全球发展不平等和不平衡的国际环境。国际机构应该把新增资源首先用于帮助发展中国家，发达国家要切实兑现官方发展援助承诺，发展中国家应该立足自主发展，探索符合自身国情的发展道路。现在，我们正面临二战结束以来最大规模的难民危机。当务之急是要确保难民有基本生活保障，避免发生人道主义危机；根本之策是要消弭战端、恢复发展，使难民来源国走上长治久安与发展繁荣之路。各方要坚持共同但有区别的责任原则、公平原则和各自能力原则，共同应对气候变化，推动《巴黎协定》获得普遍接受和早日生效。发达国家应发挥带头作用，兑现减排承诺，并帮助发展中国家提高减缓和适应气候变化能力。

— We must redouble efforts to address global challenges facing mankind.Greater attention and more support need to be given to Africa and the least developing countries(LDCs)to help them speed up industrialization, ensure food security, eliminate poverty and hunger, and provide everyone with a life of decency and dignity.More needs to be done to create an international environment that helps reduce inequality and imbalance in global development.International institutions should spend their newly-acquired resources on helping developing countries on a priority basis.Developed countries should make good on their official development assistance commitments, while developing countries need to rely on themselves for development and need to seek development paths that suit their national conditions.As we speak, the world is facing the largest-ever refugee crisis since World War II.It is imperative to ensure refugees access to basic living conditions to stave off a humanitarian crisis.Of fundamental importance is to root out the cause of war and restart development, so that source countries of refugees can embark on a path of long-term stability, development and prosperity.Countries need to stay committed to the principles of common but differentiated responsibilities, equity and respective capabilities, and need to jointly tackle climate change and work for the Paris Agreement to be universally accepted and take effect at an early date.Developed countries need to play a leading role, deliver on their emissions reduction pledges and help developing countries improve the capacity to mitigate and adapt to climate change.主席先生，各位同事！

Mr.President, Dear Colleagues，改革开放以来，中国经济持续快速增长，于2010年成为世界第二大经济体。近几年，在较高的发展基数上，在严峻复杂的国际环境和国内长期积累的深层次矛盾凸显的情况下，我们依靠改革创新，经济保持中高速增长，结构加快转型升级。今年上半年，经济增长6.7%，位居全球主要经济体前列。民生不断改善，居民收入与经济增长基本保持同步，城镇新增就业每年超过1300万人。中国经济规模已超过10万亿美元，现在一个百分点的增量相当于过去几个百分点的增量，一年的经济增量相当于一个中等收入国家经济总量，对世界经济增长的贡献率保持在25%左右。

Since China adopted the reform and opening-up policy, the Chinese economy has maintained rapid growth to become the world’s second largest economy in 2010.In recent years, the Chinese economy has been growing on a large base figure amidst global complexities as well as long accumulated underlying domestic issues.China has relied on reform and innovation to maintain a medium-high growth rate and accelerated economic transformation and upgrading.In the first half of this year, the growth rate was 6.7%, which was among the fastest in major economies.People’s livelihood kept improving, personal income growth was basically in sync with economic growth, and over 13 million new urban jobs were being created on an annual basis.China’s economic aggregate has exceeded $10 trillion.Every one percentage point of growth now equals several percentage points of growth before, and the yearly economic increment is tantamount to the economic aggregate of a middle-income country.China’s contribution to global economic growth has been around 25%.中国虽然是世界第二大经济体，但仍然是发展中国家，要实现现代化，还有很长的路要走。展望未来，中国经济发展潜力大、优势足、空间广，前景光明。我们将紧紧抓住发展这个第一要务，深入贯彻落实创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，推动经济保持中高速增长、迈向中高端水平。

The world’s second largest economy as it is, China remains a developing country, and much awaits to be done in modernization.Looking ahead, the Chinese economy enjoys bright prospects given its big potential, ample advantages and vast space of development.China will continue to give priority to development, pursue innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, and strive to maintain medium-high speed of growth and move to medium-high level of development.——中国要在深化改革中发展。中国过去发展取得成就靠的是改革，今后的发展仍然要依靠改革。我们将坚定不移全面深化改革，激发市场活力和社会创造力。既要保持总需求力度，也要加快推动供给侧结构性改革，着力改善供给质量，保持经济平稳运行、推动结构转型升级。深化简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革，积极推进财税、金融、投资、国企等重点领域改革。深入实施创新驱动发展战略，推动大众创业、万众创新，培育发展新动能，改造提升传统动能，促进中国经济在加快转型升级中平稳增长、在平稳增长中加快转型升级。— China will promote development through deepening reform.Reform has held the key to China’s achievements in development, and the same remains true for the future.China will not waver in deepening reform across the board to boost market vitality and social creativity.While maintaining aggregate demand, we will accelerate supply-side structural reform, improve the quality of supply, ensure steady economic performance, and advance structural transformation and upgrading.We will streamline administration, delegate powers, strengthen regulation and improve services, and will make proactive efforts to advance reforms in key sectors such as fiscal policy, taxation, finance, investment and state owned enterprises.We will follow an innovation-driven development strategy and one of mass entrepreneurship and innovation, and foster new growth drivers while upgrading traditional ones.The purpose is to ensure faster economic transformation and upgrading and steady economic growth.——中国要在扩大开放中发展。中国过去几十年的经验证明，封闭则停滞落后，开放则发展繁荣。中国将坚定不移奉行互利共赢的开放战略，对外开放的大门会越开越大。我们将进一步提高开放型经济水平，扩大服务业和一般制造业开放，推进国内高标准自由贸易试验区建设，加快同有关国家商签自由贸易协定和投资协定，对外商投资企业实行负面清单管理制度，营造更加公平、透明、可预期的营商环境。我们将创新对外投资合作方式，愿同有关各方一道，共同推动“一带一路”建设和国际产能合作，实现更广泛的互利共赢。

— China will promote development through expanding opening-up.China’s experience in past decades proves that a close-door policy only leads to stagnation and backwardness, and it is opening-up that brings development and prosperity.With a firm commitment to the win-win strategy of opening-up, China will open its door even wider to the outside world.We will further improve the open economy, increase access to the service and manufacturing sectors, develop high-standard pilot free trade zones, accelerate the signing of FTAs and investment treaties with countries concerned, conduct negative list management for foreign-invested companies, and foster a more equitable, transparent and predictable business environment.We will adopt new approaches to investment overseas, and work with parties concerned to advance the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road as well as global production capacity cooperation.These are ways to achieve even greater mutual benefits and win-win development with more countries.——中国要在维护和平中发展。曾长期饱受战乱之苦的中国人民，倍加珍惜和平。中国坚定不移走和平发展道路，坚持大小国家一律平等，在和平共处五项原则的基础上同所有国家发展友好合作关系。中国践行亲诚惠容的周边外交理念，积极通过对话谈判和友好协商解决包括领土和海洋权益争端在内的各种分歧和问题，努力求同存异、聚同化异，为维护地区和平稳定作出了不懈努力。中国一贯推动和平解决热点问题，积极参与反恐、防扩散等领域国际合作。中国支持国际社会解决难民问题的努力，将向有关国家和国际组织提供总额达3亿美元的人道主义援助。

— China will promote development by upholding peace.For the Chinese people that have in the past seen too many wars for too long, peace is to be doubly cherished.China is a dedicated follower of the path of peaceful development.China regards all countries as equals whatever their size, and China pursues friendship and cooperation with all countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.China’s neighborhood policy is one of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness.China has worked through dialogue, negotiation and friendly consultation to address differences and questions with other countries, including disputes concerning territory and maritime rights and interests.China’s approach is to expand common ground and shelve differences, and China has never relented its efforts for regional peace and stability.China has all along worked for the peaceful settlement of hotspot issues, and has taken an active part in international cooperation in counter-terrorism and non-proliferation.China supports international efforts to address the refugee issue, and will provide $300 million worth of humanitarian assistance to relevant countries and international organizations.作为13亿人口的发展中大国，中国办好自己的事情，就是对世界和平与发展的最大贡献。同时，中国认真履行应尽的国际义务，对广大发展中国家谋求发展、摆脱贫困的愿望感同身受，一直在努力予以支持和帮助。截至2015年底，中国累计向166个国家和国际、区域组织提供4000多亿元人民币的援款，为发展中国家培训各类人员1200多万人次。今后，中国将继续加强与发展中国家的合作，对非洲和最不发达国家给予力所能及的帮助，实现共同发展繁荣。

China is a major developing country with a 1.3 billion population.Managing its own affairs well is its biggest contribution to peace and development in the world.Meanwhile, China also works in real earnest to fulfill its international obligations.China knows just how much other developing countries desire to achieve development and root out poverty, and has rendered them support and assistance to the best of its ability.By the end of 2015, China had provided a total of over 400 billion yuan to 166 countries and international and regional organizations and provided training to over 12 million professionals in various sectors from other developing countries.Going forward, China will strengthen cooperation with other developing countries, and will do whatever is possible to help African countries and LDCs for the purpose of achieving common development and common prosperity.中国在推动可持续发展议程方面已付诸行动，率先发布了《中国落实2030年可持续发展议程国别方案》。同时，支持相关领域国际合作，到2020年中国对联合国有关发展机构的捐款总额，将在2015年的基础上增加1亿美元。中国是第一批向联合国交存《巴黎协定》批准文书的国家，将认真履行承诺。

China has taken action to advance the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.It was among the first to release a national plan on agenda implementation.Meanwhile, China remains supportive of relevant international cooperation.China’ s total annual contributions to UN development agencies will be raised by $100 million by 2020 from the 2015 level.China was among the first countries to deposit with the UN an instrument of ratification of the Paris Agreement, and China will earnestly honor its commitment made in this regard.主席先生，各位同事！

Mr.President, Dear Colleagues，实现可持续发展目标，是我们共同的任务。中国愿与国际社会携手前行，为建设一个人人免于匮乏、获得发展、享有尊严的美好世界作出应有贡献！

To achieve the goals for sustainable development is our common task.China stands ready to work with other members of the international community and contribute its fair share to a world free from want, and a world of development and dignity for all.谢谢大家！Thank you.