第一篇:brocade DCX 几种微码升级方法总结
BROCADE DCX 微码升级
注意事项:
1、在微码升级之前,务必先备份好当前的配置信息;
2、尽管Brocade交换机支持在线进行微码升级,但是,如果有条件停机的话,建议离线进行升级。(在实际升级的时候,发现升级切换CP的时候,全部端口会闪亮一次黄灯,端口状态在log中会发现有断开的记录;之后用光纤线连接交换机跟存储,再进行升级操作和手动切换CP板进行测试,在log中发现连接有光纤线的端口在此过程中没有断开的记录。)
一 U盘升级
DCX随机器附带的U盘是升级微码最快最方便的模式,将需要升级的微码版本下载解压缩到U盘根目录下的firmware目录内,插到active CP板上。(经过测试,只有brocade附送的U盘可以被交换机正确识别加载,该U盘芯片型号为:STEC 2.0 USB)
命令行模式
如果用命令行模式,登录之后使用命令usbstorage-e 激活U盘;
具体升级过程
激活之后,使用命令firmwaredownload-U来从U盘进行微码升级
使用firmwareshow确认升级状态,直到各CP板都升级完成之后,usbstorage-d删除U盘,完成升级。
图形界面WEB TOOL升级方法
使用IE浏览器登录交换机GUI
进入switch admin界面
选择firmware download
进入微码升级界面
选择mount usb device加载U盘
加载firmware完成,右击相应firmware选择copy开始升级。完成之后重新登录进行确认。
二 使用命令行以及传统FTP模式升级
准备工作
将相应微码文件解压缩放入笔记本ftp server的根目录中备用。使用hub、交换机将2个CP板网口都与笔记本连接。
具体升级过程
登录交换机
swd77 login: admin Password:
检查当前firmware版本
swd77:admin> version Kernel: 2.6.14.2 Fabric OS: v6.4.2b Made on: Tue Sep 20 17:45:13 2011 Flash: Thu Jun 7 09:11:14 2012 BootProm: 1.0.15 备份交换机的配置信息
swd77:admin> configupload //backup the switch configuration Protocol(scp or ftp)[ftp]: ftp Server Name or IP Address [host]: 202.134.79.36 //ftp server ip-address User Name [user]: admin //ftp server user name File Name [config.txt]: config.txt // specify configuration file name Password: //ftp server user password Upload complete
开始下载并升级firmware
swd77:admin> firmwaredownload //download new version firmware You can run firmwareDownloadStatus to get the status of this command.This command will cause the switch to reset and will require that existing telnet, secure telnet or SSH sessions be restarted.Do you want to continue [Y]: y
Server Name or IP Address: 202.134.79.36 //ftp server ip-address User Name: admin //ftp server user name
File Name: /v6.4.2b/release.plist // file “release.plist” location Password: //ftp server user password Firmwaredownload has started.Start to install packages......dir
# ldconfig
# glibc
# bash
# readline
# terminfo
# termcap
# setup
# swbd12-setup
# which
# findutils
# bzip
# zlib
# chkconfig
# fileutils
# sed
# textutils
# procps
# psmisc
# modutils
# sin
# rcinit
# misc
# pam
# util-linux
# sh-utils
# popt
# grep
# rpm
# sysvinit
# man
# less
# gzip
# tar
# rsync
# cpio
# dev
# swbd23-bootenv
# wdtd
# wget
# fwdl
# swbd23-prom
# Please avoid powering off the system during prom update.kernel
# swbd21-drivers
# pcmcia-cs
# sysklogd
# getty
# net-tools
# vixie-cron
# uucp
# bcm
# binutils-libs
# binutils
# ksymoops
# portmap
# inetd
# iptables
# tcpd
# telnet-server
# rsh-server
# rsh
# openssl-libs
# openssh
# openssh-server
# rusers-server
# rdate
# logrotate
# ntp
# pciutils
# strace
# ftp
# ncftp
# sendmail
# iproute2
# libxml2
# fabos-fss
# fabos-setup
# fabos-drivers
# fabos-libs
# fabos-diag
# fabos-man
# fabos
# fabos-zoning
# fabos-fw
# fabos-hmon
# fabos-wwnhs
# fabos-swbd32
# mmlib
# apache
# fastcgi
# fabos-webtools
# tz
# mtracer-tool
# lkcd
# sysstat
# Write kernel image into flash...............................Verification SUCCEEDED Removing unneeded files, please wait...Finished removing unneeded files.All packages have been downloaded successfully.Firmwaredownload has completed successfully.HA Rebooting...// waiting for upgrade another controller Fabric OS(swd77)swd77 login: admin Password:
检查升级后的版本状态
Slot Name Appl Primary/Secondary Versions Status------------6 CP0 FOS v6.4.2b ACTIVE * v6.4.2b 7 CP1 FOS v6.4.1b STANDBY unknown
大概经过10分钟以后,另外一个CP的firmware也升级到了目标版本
Slot Name Appl Primary/Secondary Versions Status------------6 CP0 FOS v6.4.2b ACTIVE * v6.4.2b 7 CP1 FOS v6.4.2b STANDBY v6.4.2b 完成升级
三 手动单独对CP板轮流升级
在没有U盘,也没有HUB交换机同时连接笔记本时,可以在firmwaredownload命令后面加参数-s单独对链接的CP板进行升级微码操作;注意需要先升级standby的CP板。待完成之后,手动切换到另一块CP再进行升级。
具体升级过程
升级stanby CP 准备工作跟传统FTP模式相同。首先连接登录stanby CP板,备份配置之后,输入firmwaredownload-s命令,当提示如下字符时输入相应选项:
Answer Y to perform a full install.Answer N to autocommit Answer N to reboot system.这样firmware只会下载到stanby CP。
完成之后,使用firmwareshow来确定两个区都升级到新微码。
Slot Name Appl Primary/Secondary Versions Status------------6 CP0 FOS v6.4.2b ACTIVE * v6.4.2b 7 CP1 FOS v6.4.2b STANDBY v6.4.2b 重启CP,输入reboot 命令。
手动切换Active CP 连接到active CP,使用hashow命令查看HA状态,直到确认之前升级中的CP板状态同步正常,再firmwareshow查看微码升级是否正确完毕。最后使用hafailove切换CP板 swd77:admin> hashow Local CP(Slot 6, CP0): Active, Warm Recovered Remote CP(Slot 7, CP1): Standby, Healthy HA enabled, Heartbeat Up, HA State synchronized
验证切换
使用hashow确认切换正常 swd77:admin> hashow Local CP(Slot 7, CP1): Active, Warm Recovered Remote CP(Slot 6, CP0): Standby, Healthy HA enabled, Heartbeat Up, HA State synchronized
连接到切换之后的stanby CP 确认同步状态之后,使用firmwaredownload-s升级微码;如有如下提示,键入相应选项: Enter Y to perform a full install.Enter N to autocommit.Enter N to reboot the system.确认升级完成之后reboot。
升级各CP板的另一个区
等待5分钟左右确保微码升级完成;首先连接stand CP,firmwareshow可以看到另一个分区还是旧的微码版本,使用firmwarecommit升级到新微码版本,最后使用firmwareshow检查;链接到active CP 进行相同操作。完成升级
第二篇:路由器IOS升级方法总结
IOS升级方法一
在对能够正常启动的CISCO路由器的IOS进行升级时,比较简单。具体步骤如下:
1、寻找一种TFTP服务器软件(有CISCO公司的TFTPServer或3COM公司的3Cserver等,在升级较大IOS映象文件时,建议用3Cserver),安装在一台计算机上,将要升级的IOS映象文件拷贝到相关的目录中(例:D:),并运行TFTP服务器软件,通过菜单设置Root目录为拷贝IOS映象文件所在目录(如D:)。假设该计算机的IP地址为10.32.10.1;
2、连接路由器的console口与PC机的COM1,使用PC的超级终端软件访问路由器,将路由器的地址设为10.32.10.32(与计算机的IP地址同网段即可)。建议在进行IOS升级前将原有IOS文件备份下来,防止待升级的IOS文件存在问题不可用;
QUOTE: Router# dir flash:(查看目前IOS映象文件名,也可用Router#Show version)
Directory of flash:/
1-rw-5998292 C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN
8388608 bytes total(2390252 bytes free)
Router#copy flash tftp(备份IOS文件)
Source filename []?c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin
Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(TFTP服务器地址)Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!„
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
5998292 bytes copied in 324.071 secs(18509 bytes/sec)
Router#
3、对路由器进行IOS升级;
QUOTE: Router#copy tftp flash
Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(TFTP服务器地址)
Source filename []? c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin(需升级的新IOS映象文件名)
Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?
Do you want to over write? [confirm]
Accessing tftp://10.32.10.1/c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin...Erase flash: before copying? [confirm]
Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files!Continue? [confirm]
Erasing device...eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee...erasedee
Erase of flash: complete
Loading c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin from 10.32.10.1(via Ethernet0/0):!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!„
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
[OKRestricted
Rights clause at FAR sec.52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c)(1)(ii)of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec.252.227-7013.cisco Systems, Inc.170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, California 95134-1706
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS(tm)C2600 Software(C2600-I-M), Version 12.2(11)T9, RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)
TAC Support: http://www.xiexiebang.com/tac
Copyright(c)1986-2003 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Mon 23-Jun-03 15:42 by cmong
Image text-base: 0x8000809C, data-base: 0x80A68B48
cisco 2610(MPC860)processor(revision 0x203)with 22528K/2048K bytes of memory
Processor board ID JAD03483395(1128032249)
M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49
Bridging software.X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
Serial(sync/async)network interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.8192K bytes of processor board System flash(Read/Write)
Press RETURN to get started!
*Mar 1 00:00:05.652: %PA-2-UNDEFPA: Undefined Port Adaptor type 100 in bay 1
*Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/1, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:00:09.458: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from memory by console
*Mar 1 00:00:11.245: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1, changed state to administratively down
*Mar 1 00:00:12.275: %SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted--Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS(tm)C2600 Software(C2600-I-M), Version 12.2(11)T9, RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)
TAC Support: http://www.xiexiebang.com/tac
Copyright(c)1986-2003 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Mon 23-Jun-03 15:42 by cmong
*Mar 1 00:00:12.279: %SNMP-5-COLDSTART: SNMP agent on host NE16 is undergoing a cold start
Router> 采用这种方法时,由于使用console口来传送,速率为9600bps,需要时间较长。因此可修改console口速率利用xmodem命令实现快速升级IOS。具体方法如下:
QUOTE: rommon 1 > confreg 回车
Configuration Summary
enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails
console baud: 9600
boot: image specified by the boot system commands
or default to: cisco2-C2600
do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y(选择 yes)
enable “diagnostic mode”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “use net in IP bcast address”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
disable “load rom after netboot fails”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “use all zero broadcast”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “break/abort has effect”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “ignore system config info”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
change console baud rate? y/n [n]: y(选择 yes)
enter rate: 0 = 9600, 1 = 4800, 2 = 1200, 3 = 2400
= 19200, 5 = 38400, 6 = 57600, 7 = 115200 [0]: 7(选择 7,用最大的11520
速率的xmodem传输)
change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
Configuration Summary
enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails
console baud: 115200
boot: image specified by the boot system commands
or default to: cisco2-C2600
do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect
rommon 2 > reset 回车
注意:在按reset键前,需要修改串口速度(我的电脑---端口属性----串口速度调为115200),然后再修改超级终端里设置速率为115200,记住,一定要这么做,否则会出现乱码!然后关闭这个超级终端,重新建立一个超级终端连接,重新启动系统后,出现 QUOTE: rommon 1> 提示符
然后,输入
QUOTE: rommon 1> xmodem-r
Do not start the sending program yet...Invoke this application only for disaster recovery.Do you wish to continue? y/n [n]: y(选择 yes)
Ready to receive file...此时,在超级终端的菜单上的“传送”---“发送文件”----选择IOS映像文件所在地以及选择使用“xmodem”协议,点击“发送”即可。等待10-20分钟左右就可升级完3-6M的IOS文件!待升级完成后,请记住修改回计算机串口与超级终端、路由器confreg下的xmodem等传输速率为9600bps。
方法如下:
QUOTE: Router>en 进入新IOS的特权模式
Router#reload 重启系统
Proceed with reload? [confirm] 回车
00:01:04: %SYS-5-RELOAD: Reload requested
System Bootstrap, Version 11.3(2)XA4, RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)
Copyright(c)1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.TAC:Home:SW:IOS:Specials for info
PC = 0xfff0a530, Vector = 0x500, SP = 0x680127b0
C2600 platform with 24576 Kbytes of main memory
PC = 0xfff0a530, Vector = 0x500, SP = 0x80004684
monitor: command “boot” aborted due to user interrupt 30秒内按ctrl+break键
rommon 1 > confreg(输入“confreg”命令)
Configuration Summary
enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails
console baud: 115200
boot: image specified by the boot system commands
or default to: cisco2-C2600
do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y(选择 yes)
enable “diagnostic mode”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “use nn IP bcast address”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
disable “load rom after netboot fails”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “use all zero broadcast”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “break/abort has effect”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “ignore system config info”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
change console baud rate? y/n [n]: y(选择 yes)
enter rate: 0 = 9600, 1 = 4800, 2 = 1200, 3 = 2400
= 19200, 5 = 38400, 6 = 57600, 7 = 115200 [7]: 0(选择 0,改回用标准速率速率9600的xmodem传输)
change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
Configuration Summary
enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails
console baud: 9600
boot: image specified by the boot system commands
or default to: cisco2-C2600
do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: n You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect
rommon 2 > 此时手工改回计算机串口与超级终端2者传输速率为9600
然后敲入
QUOTE: rommon 2 >reset 最好关掉电源后,重新启动。利用xmodem命令实现路由器IOS升级速度较慢,往往等上很长时间,为了快速升级,可以采用下列方法。
二)通过tftpdnld命令升级IOS,具体步骤如下:
1、用Cisco原配的线缆连接路由器的console口与PC机的COM1,使用PC机的超级终端软件访问路由器;用一根双绞线连接路由器的eth0/0口与PC机的网卡。
2、将路由器的eth0/0口IP地址设为10.32.10.32;PC机的IP地址设为10.32.10.1。将要升级的IOS映象文件拷贝到相关的目录中,并运行TFTP服务器软件,通过菜单设置Root目录为拷贝IOS映象文件所在目录。
3、通过set 命令查看配置参数
QUOTE: rommon 2 > set
PS1=rommon!>
BOOT=
BSI=0
RET_2_RTS=
?=0
4、在 rommon 状态下输入:(注意大小写)QUOTE: rommon 3 >IP_ADDRESS=10.32.10.1(路由器的ip地址)
rommon 4 >IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0(路由器的掩码)
rommon 5 >DEFAULT_GATEWAY=10.32.10.32(缺省网关,是pc机的ip地址)
rommon 6 >TFTP_SERVER=10.32.10.32(是pc机的ip地址)
rommon 7 >TFTP_FILE=C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN(上传ios文件的名称)
rommon 8>sync(保存参数配置)
rommon 9 >set(查看)
rommon 10 > set
PS1=rommon!>
BOOT=
IP_ADDRESS=10.32.10.1
IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0
DEFAULT_GATEWAY=10.32.10.32
TFTP_SERVER=10.32.10.32
TFTP_FILE=C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN
BSI=0
RET_2_RTS=
?=0
rommon 11 >tftpdnld 执行tftpdnld命令进行ios升级,有时可能会报错或命令不执行,这时只要用sync命令保存配置后,重新启动路由器(最好关掉电源再开机)后,再执行tftpdnld命令就可以了。QUOTE: rommon 11 >tftpdnld(传送文件)出现提示选择y
IP_ADDRESS: 10.32.10.1
IP_SUBNET_MASK: 255.255.255.0
DEFAULT_GATEWAY: 10.32.10.32
TFTP_SERVER: 10.32.10.32
TFTP_FILE: C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN
Invoke this command for disaster recovery only.WARNING: all existing data in all partitions on flash will be lost!
Do you wish to continue? y/n: [n]: y
Receiving C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN from 10.32.10.32!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
„
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
File reception completed.Copying file C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN to flash.Erasing flash at 0x607c0000
program flash location 0x605b0000
rommon 13 >
在rommon 13 >提示符下键入reset,或重新启动路由器(power-cycle),进入正常引导状态,即:
Router> 笔者在Cisco2500、2600、7200等系列路由器上均实际操作过,以上为在Cisco2610路由器上实际操作捕获或截屏,所配地址只是特例,大家可根据实际需要予以修改。最后建议:大家在作正常路由器系统升级时,为防止不正确操作等引起的升级失败,请先把路由器原有的系统备份下来。
第三篇:CISCO路由器IOS升级方法总结
CISCO路由器IOS升级方法总结
前不久,朋友在对一台带语音模快的CISCO2610进行IOS升级时,由于路由器的内存(flash)为8M,IOS软件为7M多,升级后路由器无法正常启动。启动后到rommon 1 >状态,请求帮助。由于本人长期从事计算机网络管理工作,在对CISCO路由器的长期日常维护和管理实践中积累了一定的经验。现总结归纳出CISCO路由器IOS映像升级的几种方法,供广大网络爱好者或同仁参考。在介绍CISCO路由器IOS升级方法前,有必要对Cisco路由器的存储器的相关知识作以简单介绍。路由器与计算机相似,它也有内存和操作系统。在Cisco路由器中,其操作系统叫做互连网操作系统(Internetwork Operating System),常简称为IOS.路由器的存储器主要有:
ROM:只读存储器包含路由器正在使用的IOS的一份副本;
RAM:IOS将随机访问存储器分成共享和主存。主要用来存储运行中的路由器配置和与路由协议有关的IOS数据结构;
FLASH(闪存):用来存储IOS软件映像文件,闪存是可以擦除内存,它能够用IOS的新版本覆写,IOS升级主要是闪存中的IOS映像文件进行更换。
NVRAM:非易失性随机访问存储器,用来存储系统的配置文件。
IOS升级方法一
在对能够正常启动的CISCO路由器的IOS进行升级时,比较简单。具体步骤如下:
1、寻找一种TFTP服务器软件(有CISCO公司的TFTPServer或3COM公司的3Cserver等,在升级较大IOS映象文件时,建议用3Cserver),安装在一台计算机上,将要升级的IOS映象文件拷贝到相关的目录中(例:D:),并运行TFTP服务器软件,通过菜单设置Root目录为拷贝IOS映象文件所在目录(如D:)。假设该计算机的IP地址为10.32.10.1;
2、连接路由器的console口与PC机的COM1(有文档说明),使用PC的超级终端软件访问路由器,将路由器的地址设为10.32.10.32(与计算机的IP地址同网段即可)。建议在进行IOS升级前将原有IOS文件备份下来,防止待升级的IOS文件存在问题不可用; 也可用Router#Show version)QUOTE:Router# dir flash:(查看目前IOS映象文件名,Directory of flash:/ 1-rw-5998292 C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN 8388608 bytes total(2390252 bytes free)
Router#copy flash tftp(备份IOS文件)Source filename []?c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(指定TFTP服务器地址)
Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
…
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
5998292 bytes copied in 324.071 secs(18509 bytes/sec)Router#
3、对路由器进行IOS升级;
QUOTE:Router#copy tftp flash Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(指定TFTP服务器地址)
Source filename []? c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin(需升级的新IOS映象文件名)
Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?
Do you want to over write? [confirm]
(确认)
Accessing tftp://10.32.10.1/c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin……
Erase flash: before copying? [confirm] Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files!Continue? [confirm] Erasing device…… eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ……erasedee
Erase of flash: complete
:!!!!!!!Loading c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin from 10.32.10.1(via Ethernet0/0)!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
[OKRestricted Rights clause at FAR sec.52.227-19 and subparagraph(c)(1)(ii)of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS sec.252.227-7013.cisco Systems,Inc.170 West Tasman Drive San Jose,California 95134-1706 Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software,(11)IOS(tm)C2600 Software(C2600-I-M)Version 12.2T9,RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)
TAC Support: http://www.xiexiebang.com/tac
Copyright(c)1986-2003 by cisco Systems,Inc.Compiled Mon 23-Jun-03 15:42 by cmong Image text-base: 0x8000809C,data-base: 0x80A68B48 cisco 2610(MPC860)processor(revision 0x203)with 22528K/2048K bytes of memory Processor board ID JAD03483395(1128032249)
M860 processor: part number 0,mask 49 Bridging software.X.25 software,Version 3.0.0.1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
Serial(sync/async)network interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.8192K bytes of processor board System flash(Read/Write)
Press RETURN to get started!
*Mar 1 00:00:05.652: %PA-2-UNDEFPA: Undefined Port Adaptor type 100 in bay 1 *Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0,changed state to up *Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0,changed state to down *Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/1,changed state to down *Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0,changed state to up *Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0,changed state to down *Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1,changed state to down *Mar 1 00:00:09.458: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from memory by console *Mar 1 00:00:11.245: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1,changed state to administratively down *Mar 1 00:00:12.275: %SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted ——Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software,(11)IOS(tm)C2600 Software(C2600-I-M)Version 12.2T9,RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)
TAC Support: http://www.xiexiebang.com/tac
Copyright(c)1986-2003 by cisco Systems,Inc.Compiled Mon 23-Jun-03 15:42 by cmong *Mar 1 00:00:12.279: %SNMP-5-COLDSTART: SNMP agent on host NE16 is undergoing a cold start Router采用这种方法时,由于使用console口来传送,速率为9600bps,需要时间较长。因此可修改console口速率利用xmodem命令实现快速升级IOS.具体方法如下:
QUOTE:rommon 1 > confreg 回车
Configuration Summary enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails console baud: 9600
原始的速率9600bps boot: image specified by the boot system commands or default to: cisco2-C2600 do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y(选择 yes)
enable “diagnostic mode”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “use net in IP bcast address”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
disable “load rom after netboot fails”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “use all zero broadcast”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “break/abort has effect”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “ignore system config info”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
change console baud rate? y/n [n]: y(选择 yes)
enter rate: 0 = 9600,1 = 4800,2 = 1200,3 = 2400 4 = 19200,5 = 38400,6 = 57600,7 = 115200 [0]: 7(选择 7,用最大的11520 速率的xmodem传输)
change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
Configuration Summary enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails console baud: 115200 boot: image specified by the boot system commands or default to: cisco2-C2600 do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect rommon 2 > reset 回车注意:在按reset键前,需要修改串口速度(我的电脑——端口属性——串口速度调为115200),然后再修改超级终端里设置速率为115200,记住,一定要这么做,否则会出现乱码!然后关闭这个超级终端,重新建立一个超级终端连接,重新启动系统后,出现
QUOTE:rommon 1> 提示符然后,输入
QUOTE:rommon 1> xmodem-r
Do not start the sending program yet……
Invoke this application only for disaster recovery.Do you wish to continue? y/n [n]: y(选择 yes)
Ready to receive file ……
此时,在超级终端的菜单上的“传送”——“发送文件”——选择IOS映像文件所在地以及选择使用“xmodem”协议,点击“发送”即可。等待10-20分钟左右就可升级完3-6M的IOS文件!待升级完成后,请记住修改回计算机串口与超级终端、路由器confreg下的xmodem等传输速率为9600bps.方法如下:
QUOTE:Router>en 进入新IOS的特权模式
Router#reload 重启系统
Proceed with reload? [confirm] 回车
00:01:04: %SYS-5-RELOAD: Reload requested System Bootstrap,Version 11.3(2)XA4,RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)
Copyright(c)1999 by cisco Systems,Inc.TAC:Home:SW:IOS:Specials for info PC = 0xfff0a530,Vector = 0x500,SP = 0x680127b0 C2600 platform with 24576 Kbytes of main memory PC = 0xfff0a530,Vector = 0x500,SP = 0x80004684 monitor: command “boot” aborted due to user interrupt 30秒内按ctrl+break键 rommon 1 > confreg(输入“confreg”命令)
Configuration Summary enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails console baud: 115200
boot: image specified by the boot system commands or default to: cisco2-C2600 do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y(选择 yes)
enable “diagnostic mode”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “use nn IP bcast address”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
disable “load rom after netboot fails”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “use all zero broadcast”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “break/abort has effect”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
enable “ignore system config info”? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
change console baud rate? y/n [n]: y(选择 yes)
enter rate: 0 = 9600,1 = 4800,2 = 1200,3 = 2400 4 = 19200,5 = 38400,6 = 57600,7 = 115200 [7]: 0(选择 0,改回用标准速率速率9600的xmodem传输)
change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]: n(选择 no)
Configuration Summary enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails console baud: 9600 boot: image specified by the boot system commands or default to: cisco2-C2600 do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: n You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect rommon 2 > 此时手工改回计算机串口与超级终端2者传输速率为9600 然后敲入:
QUOTE:rommon 2 >reset
最好关掉电源后,重新启动。利用xmodem命令实现路由器IOS升级速度较慢,往往等上很长时间,为了快速升级,可以采用下列方法。
(二)通过tftpdnld命令升级IOS,具体步骤如下:
1、用Cisco原配的线缆连接路由器的console口与PC机的COM1,使用PC机的超级终端软件访问路由器;用一根双绞线连接路由器的eth0/0口与PC机的网卡。
2、将路由器的eth0/0口IP地址设为10.32.10.32;PC机的IP地址设为10.32.10.1.将要升级的IOS映象文件拷贝到相关的目录中,并运行TFTP服务器软件,通过菜单设置Root目录为拷贝IOS映象文件所在目录。
3、通过set 命令查看配置参数
QUOTE:rommon 2 > set PS1=rommon!> BOOT= BSI=0 RET_2_RTS= ?=0
4、在 rommon 状态下输入:(注意大小写)
QUOTE:rommon 3 >IP_ADDRESS=10.32.10.1(路由器的ip地址)
rommon 4 >IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0(路由器的掩码)
rommon 5 >DEFAULT_GATEWAY=10.32.10.32(缺省网关,是pc机的ip地址)rommon 6 >TFTP_SERVER=10.32.10.32(是pc机的ip地址)
rommon 7 >TFTP_FILE=C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN(上传ios文件的名称)
rommon 8>sync(保存参数配置)
rommon 9 >set(查看)
PS1=rommon!> BOOT= IP_ADDRESS=10.32.10.1 IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0 DEFAULT_GATEWAY=10.32.10.32 TFTP_SERVER=10.32.10.32 TFTP_FILE=C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN BSI=0 RET_2_RTS= ?=0 rommon 10 >tftpdnld执行tftpdnld命令进行ios升级,有时可能会报错或命令不执行,这时只要用sync命令保存配置后,重新启动路由器(最好关掉电源再开机)后,再执行tftpdnld命令就可以了。
QUOTE:rommon 10 >tftpdnld(传送文件)出现提示选择y IP_ADDRESS: 10.32.10.1 IP_SUBNET_MASK: 255.255.255.0 DEFAULT_GATEWAY: 10.32.10.32 TFTP_SERVER: 10.32.10.32 TFTP_FILE: C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN Invoke this command for disaster recovery only.WARNING: all existing data in all partitions on flash will be lost!Do you wish to continue? y/n: [n]:
y
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Receiving C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN from 10.32.10.32!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
…
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
File reception completed.Copying file C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN to flash.Erasing flash at 0x607c0000 program flash location 0x605b0000 rommon 11> 在rommon 11>提示符下键入reset,或重新启动路由器(power-cycle),进入正常引导状态,即:
rommon 11 >reset 笔者在Cisco2500、2600、7200等系列路由器上均实际操作过,以上为在Cisco2610路由器上实际操作捕获或截屏,所配地址只是特例,大家可根据实际需要予以修改。最后建议:大家在作正常路由器系统升级时,为防止不正确操作等引起的升级失败,请先把路由器原有的系统备份下来。
第四篇:路由器IOS升级方法总结
路由器IOS升级方法总结
本人长期从事计算机网络管理工作,在对CISCO路由器的长期日常维护和管理实践中积累了一定的经验。现总结归纳出CISCO路由器IOS映像升级的几种方法,供广大网络爱好者或同仁参考。在介绍CISCO路由器IOS升级方法前,有必要对Cisco路由器的存储器的相关知识作以简单介绍。路由器与计算机相似,它也有内存和操作系统。在Cisco路 由器中,其操作系统叫做互连网操作系统(Internetwork Operating System),常简称为IOS。路由器的存储器主要有: ROM:只读存储器包含路由器正在使用的IOS的一份副本;
RAM:IOS将随机访问存储器分成共享和主存。主要用来存储运行中的路由器配置和与路由协议有关的IOS数据结构;
FLASH(闪存):用来存储IOS软件映像文件,闪存是可以擦除内存,它能够用IOS的新版本覆写,IOS升级主要是闪存中的IOS映像文件进行更换。NVRAM:非易失性随机访问存储器,用来存储系统的配置文件。
IOS升级方法一
在对能够正常启动的CISCO路由器的IOS进行升级时,比较简单。具体步骤如下:
1、寻找一种TFTP服务器软件(有CISCO公司的TFTPServer或3COM公司的3Cserver等,在升级较大IOS映象文件时,建议用3Cserver),安装在一台计算机上,将要升级的IOS映象文件拷贝到相关的目录中(例:D:),并运行TFTP服务器软件,通过菜单设置Root目录为拷贝IOS映象文件所在目录(如D:)。假设该计算机的IP地址为10.32.10.1;
2、连接路由器的console口与PC机的COM1,使用PC的超级终端软件访问路由器,将路由器的地址设为10.32.10.32(与计算机的IP地址同网段即可)。建议在进行IOS升级前将原有IOS文件备份下来,防止待升级的IOS文件存在问题不可用; QUOTE: Router# dir flash:(查看目前IOS映象文件名,也可用Router#Show version)
Directory of flash:/
1-rw-5998292 C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN
8388608 bytes total(2390252 bytes free)
Router#copy flash tftp(备份IOS文件)
Source filename []?c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin
Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(TFTP服务器地址)
Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
…
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
5998292 bytes copied in 324.071 secs(18509 bytes/sec)
Router#
3、对路由器进行IOS升级; QUOTE: Router#copy tftp flash
Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(TFTP服务器地址)
Source filename []? c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin(需升级的新IOS映象文件名)
Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?
Do you want to over write? [confirm]
Accessing tftp://10.32.10.1/c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin...Erase flash: before copying? [confirm]
Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files!Continue? [confirm]
Erasing device...eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee...erasedee
Erase of flash: complete
Loading c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin from 10.32.10.1(via Ethernet0/0):!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
…
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
[OK-5998292 bytes]
Verifying checksum...OK(0xA0C0)
5998292 bytes copied in 318.282 secs(18846 bytes/sec)
Router# IOS升级方法二
由于升级失败后或者路由器的config-register寄存器值为0x2101时,开启路由器时、或者在开启(某些型号)Cisco路由器的电源开关后30秒内按下Ctrl+break键,中断路由器的正常启动,路由器都会进入rom监视模式,即Router(boot)>,在这种情形下,对路由器的IOS进行升级,也比较简单。首先进入特权模式下,即
QUOTE: Router(boot)>en
Router(boot)# 其他升级步骤同方法一,即:执行copy tftp flash命令,对IOS进行升级。升级完成后,不要忘了修改config-register寄存器值为0x2102(恢复正常值)。QUOTE: Router(boot)# t
Router(boot)(config)# config-register 0x2102
Router(boot)(config)#exit
Router(boot)#wr
Router(boot)#reload
重启即可。
第五篇:公务员管理信息系统标准版补丁升级方法
公务员管理信息系统标准版补丁升级方法
1、公务员管理信息系统标准版(单机)升级方法:
双击运行升级程序“公务员标准版升级程序(TD52120727).exe”。
2、信息采集软件升级方法:
运行采集软件升级程序“公务员信息采集软件升级程序(T54120727).exe”。
请各省按照补丁升级方法对标准版软件进行升级,并对升级后程序使用中出现的问题进行及时反馈。