第一篇：新视野大学英语第四册unit5单词翻译总结
英语Unit 5 总结
Word and Phrase solitary a.tending to spend a lot of time alone 独自的；喜欢独处的 e.g.A solitary tree remained standing after the hurricane.飓风过后，惟有一棵树孤独地挺立在那儿。
tame vt.make sb.or sth.easy to control 驯服；控制
e.g.Atomic energy has been tamed and harnessed for useful work.原子能已被控制并得到实际应用。
a.(esp.of animals)not afraid of people, and used to living with them（尤指动物）温顺的，驯化的
e.g.The birds in the park are quite tame and will take food from your hand.公园的鸟很温顺，它们会吃你亲手喂给它们的食物。
pond
n.[C] a small still body of water formed naturally or created artificially 池塘
She has a pond at the bottom of her garden.她在花园深处有个池塘。inspiration n.[C, U] a sudden good idea about what to do or say 灵感
e.g.Wordsworth found(his)inspiration in the Lake District.华兹华斯从湖区获得灵感。solitude n.[U] the situation of being alone 独居，孤独
e.g.People need a chance to reflect on spiritual matters in solitude.人们需要独处的机会来反思精神上的事情。
commodity n.1.[C] sth.that is useful or necessary 有用的东西；必需品
e.g.If you're going into teaching, energy is a necessary commodity.如果你打算从事教学，精力充沛是个必要的素质。
2.[C] a substance or product that can be bought or sold 商品，货物
e.g.The country's most valuable commodities include tin and diamonds.这国家最有价值的商品包括锡和钻石。
sunlight n.[U] the light that comes from the sun 阳光，日光
e.g.The early morning sunlight shone through the curtains.清晨的阳光透过窗帘照了进来。benign n.[C] a soft bag to make a seat more comfortable 坐垫；垫子 e.g.She has a benign nature.她天性温和。
cushion n.[C] a soft bag to make a seat more comfortable 坐垫；垫子
e.g.She bought more fabric in the same design so she could make matching curtains and cushions.她买了更多同样图案的布，这样可以做搭配的窗帘和靠垫。creep vi.move slowly and quietly 潜行；蹑手蹑脚地移动
e.g.She turned off the light and crept through the door.她关了灯，蹑手蹑脚地走过了门。poetry n.[U] poems in general 诗，诗歌
e.g.She has just published a collection of poetry.她刚出版了一本诗集。dictate v.1.say sth.for sb.else to write down 口授；口述
e.g.She spent the morning dictating letters to her secretary.她花了一上午向她的秘书口述信件。
2.tell sb.exactly what to do or how to behave 命令；指使
e.g.The media cannot be allowed to dictate to the government.不能容认媒体向政府发号施令。kettle n.[C] a container with a lid, handle and a spout used for boiling water 水壶 priest n.1.[C](high ~)a person who is famous for being the best at sth.代表人物 e.g.He is regarded as the high priest of modern jazz.他被视为现代爵士音乐的泰斗。
2.[C] 神父；牧师
e.g.The old priest tried to put them off, saying that the hour was late.那位老牧师试图把他们搪塞过去，说时候不早了。
reliance n.[C] [U] the state of depending on a particular person or thing 依靠，依赖 e.g.The region's reliance on tourism is unwise.这个地区对旅游业的依赖是不明智的。
self-reliance n.[U] the state of doing or deciding things by oneself rather than depending on others 自立；自力更生
e.g.The Prime Minister called for more economic self-reliance.首相号召更大程度上的经济自力更生。
hut n.[C] a small, simple building 小屋
e.g.The workmen put up a hut where they could have their food.工人们搭了一间小屋，可以在里面吃饭。
axe n.(AmE ax)[C] a tool with a handle and a metal blade used for cutting down trees or cutting wood into pieces 斧子
e.g.He used an axe to chop the old apple tree down.他用斧子砍倒了老苹果树。saucer n.[C] a small curved plate on which one puts a cup 茶托，茶碟
e.g.John put his cup and saucer on the coffee table.约翰把带茶托的茶杯放在咖啡桌上。laundry n.1.[U] the clothes and sheets which need to be or have just been washed 待洗或刚洗好的衣物
e.g.When shall we do the laundry? 我们什么时候洗衣服？
2.[C] a place where clothes, sheets, etc.are washed 洗衣店 e.g.He worked in a laundry in the small town.他在这小城的一家洗衣店干活。companionable a.friendly and pleasant to be with 友善的，友好的
e.g.He seldom spoke, but he was never impatient with her, always kind, a companionable father figure.他很少说话，可是他从来没有对她不耐烦过，总是很善良，是一个友善的父亲型的人。
ego n.1.[C] the part of the mind that is responsible for your sense of who you are 自我 e.g.Unconditional surrender was more than his fragile ego could bear.无条件投降不是他脆弱的自我所能承受得了的。
2.[C] your sense of your own value and importance 自我价值感
e.g.That man has got such an enormous ego—I've never known anyone so full of himself.那个人非常自负，我从来没有见过那么以自我为中心的人。
humble a.1.having a modest opinion of oneself 谦逊的，谦虚的
e.g.Many famous people are surprisingly humble.许多名人出人意料地谦虚。
2.having a low social class or position 地位或身份低下的 e.g.I do quite a humble job at the hospital.我在医院从事很普通的工作。
inadequate a.not enough or not good enough for a particular purpose 不充分的；不足的 e.g.The system is inadequate for the tasks it has to perform.这个系统要完成它的任务还不够完善。
plural a.of a word or form which expresses more than one 复数的
e.g.Most plural nouns in English end in “s”.英语中大多数复数名词以“s”结尾。
n.[C] a word or form that shows you are talking about more than one thing, person, etc.复数（形式）
e.g.“Data” is the Latin plural form of “datum”.“Data”是拉丁语中“datum”的复数形式。
apology n.[C] a word or statement to say you are sorry for having done sth.wrong or for upsetting sb.道歉
e.g.I made no apology for what I said—it was a fair comment.我不打算为自己说的话道歉──我的评论是公正的。
soak vi.spend a long time taking a bath 长时间泡浴 e.g.Soak in a warm bath to relax.泡个热水澡放松。
v.make sth.very wet or become very wet 使湿透；浸湿
e.g.A sudden shower of rain soaked the spectators.突如其来的一阵雨把观众淋了个透。pint n.[C] 品脱（液量单位）
e.g.The military requested 6,000 pints of blood from the American Red Cross.部队向美国红十字会要求6000品脱血。
waterproof a.not allowing water to go through 防水的，不透水的
e.g.You'll need something waterproof on top of that sweater if you're going walking in the hills.如果你要在山间行走的话，你需要在那件毛衣外面套件防水的衣服。
slippery a.difficult to hold or to stand on, drive on, etc.because it is smooth, wet or polished 滑的
e.g.The roads are slippery after rain.雨后道路很滑。
observation n.1.[C] a spoken or written remark about sth.you have noticed 评论
e.g I wish to make a few general observations about your work so far.对你们到目前为止的工作我想说一说总的看法。
2.[C, U] the process of watching sb.or sth.carefully for a period of time 观察；注意 e.g.During our observation of the rats, we made several new discoveries.我们在对老鼠的观察中有了几项新发现。
choke v.1.become unable to speak because of a strong emotion 说不出话来
e.g.The surprise farewell party left them all choked up.这一意外的告别聚会令他们激动得说不出话来。
2.be unable to breathe properly, or be made unable to breathe properly（使）窒息；（使）呼吸困难
e.g.The smoke almost choked the fireman.消防队员几乎被烟熏得透不过气来。
parcel n.[C] an object or collection of objects wrapped in paper, etc.so that they can be sent by post 包裹
e.g.Because it was her birthday she got several parcels and lots of cards.因为过生日，她收到几个包裹和好多贺卡。parrot n.[C] 鹦鹉
e.g.If you have not kept a pet parrot before, it would be wise to purchase a handbook on the subject.如果你以前没养过宠物鹦鹉，最好买一本关于这方面主题的小册子。sportsman n.[C] sb.who plays sport, esp.one who is good at it 运动员
e.g.He'll be remembered as a true sportsman.人们将把他作为一名真正的运动员牢记在心中。skate vi.move, dance, etc.on skates 溜冰，滑冰
e.g.The ice on the river is thick enough to skate on.河上的冰足够厚，可以在上面滑冰。skater n.[C] a person who skates 溜冰者，滑冰者
e.g.There are lots of skaters in the park today.今天公园里有许多滑冰者。self-centered a.only interested in oneself and one's own activities 自我为中心的，自私的 e.g.Robert is a self-centered, ambitious and bigoted man.罗伯特自私、有野心，并且顽固。seal vt.(also seal up)close a container or space by covering it with sth.封；密封 e.g.The windows have been sealed up for years.这些窗户都已经密封了许多年了。on purpose
not by accident;deliberately 故意，特意
e.g.She did it on purpose, of course.她当然是故意那样做的。
cast out
make sb.leave a place, or refuse to accept sb.as part of a group 赶走，驱逐 e.g.He claimed to have the power to cast out demons.他声称有能力驱鬼。
speak highly of
express a good opinion of sb.or sth.对...给予高度评价；赞扬 e.g.They spoke highly of his behavior.他们对他的行为赞颂备至。
seek out
find sb.or sth.by looking for them in a determined way 找到；找出
e.g.He managed to seek out his friend in the crowd.他设法在人群中找出了自己的朋友。set forth
start a journey 出发，动身
e.g.Columbus set forth with three small ships.哥伦布率领三只小船出发了。stretch out 1.lengthen sth.by pulling 拉长，伸长
e.g.She stretched out the rubber band to one meter long.她把橡皮筋拉长到了1米。
2.lie down, usu.in order to relax or sleep 躺平；舒展
e.g.Just stretch out and relax on the bed while I cook dinner.我去做晚餐, 你在床上，好好休息。back up
1.(cause to)block up（使）积压；（使）拥塞
e.g.The correspondence has been backing up for several days.待处理的信件已积压了好几天。
2.support sb., esp.in an argument 支持
e.g.Harry will back me up wholeheartedly as he used to.哈里会像过去一样全心全意地支持我。
at length 1.for a long time and in great detail 长久地；详尽地
e.g.He talked at length about his work and family.他详细地谈了他的工作和家庭。
2.after a long time 最终，终于
e.g.“I don't agree,” she said at length.她最终才说：“我不同意。”
in line in a row of people standing one behind the other while waiting for sth.（排）成一行，（排）成一队
e.g.You are not in line with the others.你没有和别人排成一行。
settle down become quiet and calm or make sb.do this（使）安定下来 e.g.He settled down to do his homework.他安下心来做家庭作业。
for the time being for a short period of time from now, but not permanently 暂时，眼下 e.g.All is well, for the time being.眼下一切顺利。
might as well used to suggest that sb.should do sth.because there is no good reason to do anything else 只好；还是...为好
e.g.I might as well go.我最好还是去。
Translation 1.已是午夜了，再等公共汽车也没用，我们还不如步行呢。（it is no good doing, might as well do）
It is no good waiting for the bus at this time since it is already midnight.We might just as well walk.2.乔治絮絮叨叨讲述的是他患的各种疾病。（it is that„,go on, at great length）
It was his various illnesses that George went on at great length about.3.学习上你付出的努力越少，最终就越有可能考试不及格。（the less„the more, end up doing）
The less effort you made in your study, the more likely it is that you will end up failing the exam.4.他被发现考试作弊，这就是他感到如此尴尬的原因。（cheat on an exam, be embarrassed）
He was found to be cheating on an exam, which was why he felt so embarrassed.5.他大老远的来我家不是来看我，而是为了寻求我的帮助（not for„but because, seek„from）
He came a long way to my house, not for a visit, but because he was anxious to seek help from me.6.她不敢回家，肯定又被她丈夫打了。（be afraid to, slap„around, must have done）
She is afraid to go home.She must have been slapped around by her husband again.7.她没接父母的电话，她真希望自己当时是呆在家里的，而不是去了超市。（wish, rather than）
She missed the call from her parents, and she wished that she had stayed at home rather than gone to the supermarket.8.她总是远离他人，而另一方面，她又需要人喜欢他，这很明显是由于她的孤独。（keep away from, on the other hand, spring from）
She always keeps away from others, and on the other hand, she needs to be liked, which obviously springs from her loneliness.9.他们失败的主要原因在于他们不断在枝节问题上纠缠不休。（the main point of „is that, keep doing, argue over）
The main point of their failure is that they kept arguing over minor points.10.毫无疑问，环境污染将会导致森林消失。（no doubt about it, result in doing）
No doubt about it, environment pollution will result in the forests disappearing.1.One of the characteristics that distinguish the male bird and the female bird is that the former has beautiful feathers.雄鸟与雌鸟相区别的特征之一是雄鸟有一身漂亮的羽毛。
2.The identical twin brothers are totally different: John is a self-centered person, while Mike is easy-going and helpful.这对孪生兄弟完全不同：约翰以自我为中心，而迈克却很随和而且乐于助人。3.He allowed his assistants to work at their own rate as they pleased.他允许他的助手们任意按照自己的进度工作。
4.You may have doubted whether solitude can be passed from one person to another.你可能怀疑过孤独是否可以从一个人传给另一个人。
5.The wealth and honor of a man are usually spoken of as his” credit”.一个人的财富和荣誉通常被说成是他的“信誉“。
6.When she didn’t answer the telephone, I resorted to standing outside her window and calling up to her.当她不接电话时，我只好站在她的窗外喊她。
7.He made a journey of seven hundred miles on purpose to get a glimpse of Niagara Falls.他跋涉700英里，只为看一眼尼亚加拉瀑布。
8.Martin decided to leave the company to strike out on his own as a writer.马丁决定离开这家公司去当作家，独闯新路。
9.While seeing me stepping into the room, she ran towards me, stretching out her two little arms, and embraced me tightly.一看见我走进房间，她就跑过来，伸出两只小手紧紧地拥抱我。
10.I would rather stay than otherwise for I must settle down this morning and finish the term paper.我宁愿留下来而不愿意做别的，因为我今天上午必须安下心来完成学期论文。
1.这位小个子男子并不如他看上去那么单纯。
This little man is not so innocent as he appears.2.对这个问题我已束手无策了，所以你不妨去求助于王教授。
There's nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor Wang for help.3.双方高度评价了在不同领域合作取得的成果，并希望合作进一步加深。
Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, and hope that the cooperation can be furthered.4.一方面，亲民形象能使新政策更易于被民众接受，另一方面，他也能“广直言之路，启进善之门”
On the one hand, an image of being close to the people can get a new policy more easily accepted.On the other hand, it will “encourage people to speak their minds and come up with constructive suggestions”.5.他孤独的感觉时起时落，他有时会对自己、对宠物、对电视机唠叨不休。
His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length to himself and his pets and the television.6.毕竟，金钱不是万能的，最富有的人不一定是最幸福的。
After all, money is not everything.The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.1.The new mechanism is not so effective as they had expected, for months passed and there has been no big improvement in management efficiency.新的机制并不像他们预期的那样有效，因为数月过去了，但管理效率并没有明显改进。2.I don’t want to scare you unnecessarily, but you might as well face facts and look at a few numbers.我不想不必要地吓唬你，可你最好还是面对事实，看看一些数字吧。
3.Loneliness is marked by a sense of isolation.Solitude, on the other hand, is a state of being alone without being lonely and can lead to self-awareness.孤独的特点是一种与世隔绝感，而独居则是独自一人却不感到寂寞的状态，它能引发自我意识。
4.Loneliness is a negative state.One feels that something is missing.It is possible to be with people and still feel lonely——perhaps the bitterest form of loneliness.孤独是一种消极的状态，你会感到失去了某种东西。你可能与别人在一起仍然感到孤独—这也许是孤独最痛苦的形式。
5.Solitude is a positive state of engagement with oneself.Solitude is desirable, a state of being alone where you provide yourself wonderful and sufficient company.独居是一种与自我相约的积极的状态。独居是值得向往的，是独自一人、享受自我愉快而又充实的陪伴的一种状态。
6.Thoreau says that loneliness can occur even amid companions if one’s heart is not open to them.梭罗说，一个人即使身处同伴之中，如果不对他们敞开心扉，仍会感到孤独。
第二篇：新视野大学英语第四册第三版课后翻译
第一单元
The Doctrine of the Mean is the core ofConfucianism.The so-called “mean” by Confuciusdoesn’t mean “compromise” but a “moderate”and “just-right” way when understanding andhandling objective things.Confucius advocatedthat this thought should not only be treated as away to understand and deal with things but alsobe integrated into one’s daily conduct to makeit a virtue through self-cultivation and training.The Doctrine of the Mean is not only the core ofConfucianism but also an important componentof traditional Chinese culture.From the time itcame into being to the present, it has played aninvaluable role in the construction of nationalspirit, the transmission of national wisdom, and the development of national culture.中庸思想是儒家思想的重要内容。孔子所谓的“中”不是指“折中”，而是指在认识和处理客观事物时的一种“适度”和“恰如其分”的方法。孔子主张不仅要把这种思想作为一种认识和处理事物的方法来看待，而且还通过自身修养和锻炼，把它融入自己的日常行为当中，使之成为一种美德。中庸思想是儒家思想的核心，也是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。从它形成到现在，一直为民族精神的构建、民族智慧的传播、民族文化的发展发挥着不可估量的作用。第二单元
The four great classic Chinese novels are Romanceof the Three Kingdoms, Outlaws of the Marsh,journey to the West and A Dream of Red Mansions.All the four novels were written during the periodfrom the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties tothe Qing Dynasty.They all reflect various aspectsof ancient China, including political andmilitarystrife, social conflicts and cultural beliefs.Thefour novels are of supreme artistic standards,representing the peak of China’s classic novels.Lots of the characters and scenes in the books areWell-known in China and have exerted profoundinfluences on the ideology and values of the entirenation.Highly valuable for the research of China’sancient customs, feudal system, and social life, thefour classic novels are precious cultural relics ofChina as well as the human society as a whole.中国的四大名著是指《三国演义》《水浒传》《西游记》《红楼梦》四部著名小说。它们的创作时间均处于元末明初至清代期间，其内容反映了中国古代的政治和军事斗争、社会矛盾、文化信仰等各个方面。四大名著具有很高的艺术水平，代表了中国古典小说的高峰。书中的许多人物和场景在中国家喻户晓，并且已深深地影响了整个民族的思想观念和价值取向。四本著作在中国古代民俗、封建制度、社会生活等多个领域皆有巨大的研究价值，是中国乃至全人类的宝贵文化遗产。第三单元
In recent years, with the rapid development ofInternet technology, the Internet economy hasbecome a hot issue.As represented by the promisingE-commerce, the Internet economy has become astrong driving force for the economic development.Our government attaches great importance todeveloping the Internet-economy and proposes the concept of “Internet Plus”, aiming to integratethe Internet with other industries, such as healthcare, transportation, education, finance, and publicservice.This will create great potential and broadprospects for the development of the Interneteconomy.With the implementation of the“InternetPlus” strategy, the Internet is certain to be integratedwith more traditional industries and help build “theupgradedversion of the Chinese economy”.近年来，随着互联网技术的迅猛发展，互联网经济已成为一个热门话题。以蓬勃发展的电子商务为代表的互联网经济已成为经济发展的重要引擎。我国政府高度重视发展互联网经济，提出了“互联网+”的概念，以推动互联网与医疗、交通、教育、金融、公共服务等领域的结合。这将为互联网经济的发展提供极大地发展潜力和更广阔的发展空间。随着“互联网+”战略的深入实施，互联网必将与更多传统行业进一步融合，助力打造“中国经济升级版” 第四单元
Suzhou gardens are the most outstandingrepresentatives of classical Chinese gardens.Most of them were privately-owned.The gardensfirst appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period,developed in the Song and Yuan dynasties, andflourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties.Bythe late Qing Dynasty, Suzhou had got as manyas over 170 gardens of diverse styles, Winning itthe name “The City of Gardens”.Now, over 60gardens are kept in good condition, of which morethan 10 are Open to the public.The Surging WavePavilion, the Lion Grove Garden, the HumbleAdministrator’s Garden and the Lingering Gardenare called the four most famous gardens in Suzhourepresenting the artistic styles of the Song, Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties respectively.Suzhougardens are assemblies of residences and gardens,which makes them suitable places for living, visitingand appreciating.The architectural principles of lthe gardens are a demonstration of the lifestylesand social customs of the ancient Chinese peoplein the south of the Lower Yangtze River.Suzhougardens are not onlya product of Chinese historyand culture, but also a carrier of traditional Chinese ideology and culture.In 1997,Suzhou gardens were inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO.苏州园林是中国古典园林最杰出的代表，大部分为私家所有。苏州园林始于春秋，兴于宋元，盛于明清。清末苏州已有各色园林170余处，为其赢得了“园林之城”的称号。现保存完好的园林有60多处，对外开放的有十余处。其中沧浪亭、狮子林、拙政园和留园分别代表着宋、元、明、清四个朝代的艺术风格，被称为“苏州四大名园”。苏州园林宅园合一，可赏，可游，可居，其建筑规制反应力中国古代江南民间的生活方式和礼仪习俗。苏州园林不仅是历史文化的产物，同时也是中国传统思想文化的载体。1997年，苏州园林被联合国教科文组织列入“世界遗产名录” 第五单元
Chinese civilization once had a significant influenceon world civilization.With the development of ourcountry’s economy and the rise of her internationalstatus in recent years, Chinese culture, which hasa long history, is once again attracting globalattention.More and more Chinese cultural elementsprovide inspiration for and become popular subjectsof fashions, literature and movies around the world.This shows that the world needs Chinese culture.Itwas in this context that China decided to implementthe “Culture Exporting” strategy so as to enhanceher cultural exchanges with the rest of the world.After several years’ efforts, great achievements havebeen made in this respect.“Culture Exporting” hasgreatly promoted the development of our culturalindustries.It is becoming an effective approachthrough which China enhances her nationalimageand comprehensive strength.中华文明曾对世界文明产生过重大影响。近年来，随着我国经济的发展和国际地位的提升，历史悠久的中国文化正引起世界新的关注。越来越多的中国元素为当今世界时尚、文学、影视作品等提供了创作灵感，成为热门题材。这一现象表明，世界需要中国文化。在这种背景下，我国决定实施文化“走出去”大力推动了我国文化产业的发展，正成为提升我国国家形象和综合实力的有效途径。第六单元
Boao Forum for Asia(BPA)is a non-governmental,non-profit international organization.Initiated by25 Asian countries and Australia, it was officiallyfounded in 2001.The organization is headquarteredinBoao Town in China’s Hainan Province.Withequality, mutual benefit, cooperation and win-win as its objectives, EPA is devoted to promoting economic exchanges, coordination and cooperationbetween Asian countries as well as enhancingdialogs and ties between Asia and other parts of theworld.The forum provides a high-level platformwhere governments, businesses and scholars fromrelevant countries discuss Asian and global affairs.Through further regional economic cooperation,BFA will facilitate the realization of Asian countries’goals and contribute to a new Asia that boastsgreater prosperity, stability and peace.博鳌亚洲论坛是一个非政府、非营利性的国际组织。它是由25个亚洲国家和澳大利亚发起的，于2001年正式成立，总部位于中国南部的海南省博鳌镇。博鳌亚洲论坛以平等、互惠、合作和共赢为主旨，致力于推动亚洲各国之间的经济交流、协调与合作，并增强亚洲与世界其他地区的对话和联系。它为有关国家的政府、企业及专家学者提供了一个共商亚洲以及全球事务的高层次平台。通过区域经济的进一步合作，博鳌亚洲论坛将推进亚洲国家实现发展目标，为建设一个更加繁荣、稳定、和平的新亚洲作出贡献。第七单元
Urban-rural integration is a new stage of China’smodernization and urbanization process.It aims tobreak the urban and rural dual economic structurethrough making integrated plans for urban andrural development, and through system reform and policy adjustment, so that the urban and ruralareas will finally achieve equal policies and realizecomplementary developing patterns, enabling therural residents to enjoy the same level of civilizationand equal benefits with the urban residents.Urban-rural integration is a significant and profound socialreform which enables comprehensive, coordinatedand sustainable development of the entire urban-rural economy.Only by enhancing urban-ruralintegration, and by properly managing urban-ruralrelationships, increasing urban-rural collaborationand narrowing the gap between urban and ruralareas, can we guarantee that our country realize theblueprint goal of building a well-off society-in anall-round way by 2020.城乡一体化是我国现代化和城市化发展的一个新阶段，是要通过对城乡发展实行统筹规划，并通过体制改革和政策调整，破除城乡二元经济结构，实现城乡在政策上平等，在产业发展模式上互补，让农村居民享受到与城镇居民同样的文明和福利。城乡一体化是一项重大而深刻的社会变革。它使整个城乡经济能够全面、协调、可持续的发展。只有大力推进城乡一体化，妥善处理城乡关系，加强城乡合作，缩小城乡差距，才能确保到2020年我国实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标。第八单元
In recent years, the social development andchanges in employment situation have put higherrequirements on college students.Instead ofconfining themselves to the knowledge in books,more and more college students are stepping-outof the “Ivory Tower” and taking an active partin social practice in their spare time.Throughsocial practice, college students can have a deeperunderstanding of society, increase their sense ofsocial responsibility, and improve their analyticaland problem-solving abilities.Meanwhile, takingpart in social practice can also help studentsrecognize their own shortcomings and have a clearidea about where they are to go in the future.Allthese benefits will help them build up social andwork experience, which will lay a solid foundationfor them in finding jobs or starting their ownbusinesses in the future.近年来，社会的发展和就业形势的变化对大学生提出了更高的要求。越来越多的大学生不再局限于书本知识的学习，他们开始走出“象牙塔”，利用业余时间积极投身于社会实践活动。通过社会实践活动，大学生可以更多的了解社会，增强社会责任感，提高分析问题和解决问题的能力。同时，参加社会实践活动还可以帮助学生认识到自身的不足，明确未来努力的方向。所有这些都将为他们积累社会阅历和工作经验，为未来的就业或创业打下良好的基础。
第三篇：新视野英语第四册翻译
第一单元
1.这种植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成长（other than）
The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed.2.研究结果表明，无论我们白天做了什么事情，晚上都会做大约两小时的梦（may have done）
Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day.3.有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力，以此来为自己的失败辩护（justify sth by）Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best.4.我们忠于我们的承诺：凡是答应做的，我们都会做到（remain true to）
We remain tree to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do;we would do it.5.连贝多芬的父亲都不相信自己儿子日后有一天可能成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪生也是如此，他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝（discount；be true to）
Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world.The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.6.当局控告他们威胁国家安全（accuse sb.of sth.）
They were accused by authorities of threatening the state security.1.If you move into any place other than your own private home, make sure you know what the rules are about pets if you have one.出入除自己家以外的任何场所时，如果你带有宠物，一定要了解有关宠物的规定。
2.Some women could have made a good salary in job instead of staying at home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.一些女性完全可以不待在家里，而是去工作，挣一份不错的工资。但是为了家庭，她们放弃了工作。
3.How can you justify such rudeness? You will pay heavily for that because they have sued you for damaging their good name.你怎么为这样粗鲁的行为辩护？你将会为此付出沉重的代价，因为他们己经以低毁名誉的罪名起诉你了。
4.Criticism can be of great usewe may not like it at the time, but it can spur us on to greater things.批评有其重要作用；我们可能当时不喜欢它，但是它能激励我们去做更伟大的事情。
5.His uncompromising behavior, to which the public objected, left him bankrupt emotionally and financially.他毫不让步的行为遭到公众的反对，这使得他陷人了精神上崩溃、经济上破产的境地。
6.Even if you fail, don’t let failure harm you, don’t let failure take over.Remember failure is a necessary in learning;it is not the end of your learning, but the beginning.即使你失败了，也不要被失败伤害，更不要被失败左右。记住：失败是学习过程中必要的一步；它不是学习、的结束，而是学习的开始。
第二单元．要是这部喜剧中的人物更幽默些的话，就会吸引更多的观众（if „had+past participle,would +have+past participle）
If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous，it would have attracted a larger audience．
2.她从未对自己的能力失去信心，因此她有可能成为一名成功的演员（it is a possibility to）
She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress.．我从未受过正式培训，我只是边干边学（go along）
I never had formal training，I just learned as I went along•
4.随着产品进入国际市场，他们的品牌知名度越来越高了（find one’s way into）
As their products find their way into the international market，their brand is gaining in popularity.．她可以编造一个故事，说自己被窃贼打晕，所有的钱都没了，但她怀疑自己是否能让这个故事听起来可信（make up）She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone，but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable.．谁都不清楚他是否故意推迟了访问，可是这引起了对他更多的批评（on purpose）No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him．
1.If there had been no Charlie Chaplin, the history of world cinema would have been different.如果没有查理.卓别林，世界电影史就会不一样了。
2.It was a relief that his hard work eventually gave his the result that he had long desired: He successfully discovered the cause of the disease.令人感到宽慰的是，他的努力最终给予了他长期渴望的结果—他成功地发现了这种疾病的原因。
3.Charlie Chaplin was one of the greatest and most widely loved movie stars.From The Tramp to Modern Times, he made many of the funniest and most popular films of his time.He was best known for his character, the youthful and lovable Little Tramp.查理.卓别林是最伟大、最广受热爱的电影明星之一。从《流浪汉》到《摩登时代》，他拍 摄了许多他那个时代最有趣、最受欢迎的电影。他最出名的是他扮演的一个人物—年轻可 爱的小流浪汉。
4.Chaplin was an immensely talented: Within only two years of his first appearance in motion pictures in 1914, he because one of the best-known personalities in the nation.卓别林是一个才能非凡的人：自他1914年第一次在电影中出现，两年时间内他就成了这个国 家最有名的人物之一。
5.Chaplin had an impact on everyone’s life in the early 20th century.He made more people laugh than any other man who ever lived and changed the way people looked at the world.查理.卓别林对20世纪初期每个人的生活都产生了影响。与有史以来的任何人相比，他让更 多的人欢笑，改变了人们看待这个世界的方式。
6.On Christmas Day in 1977 Charlie Chaplin passed away.He left behind family and friends saddened by his death, and millions of fans worldwide.1977年，查理.卓别林在圣诞节那天去世了，身后留下了悲伤的家人和朋友，以及全世界数 以百万计的影迷。
第三单元
1.据报道有七八位官员收受贿赂，市长决定亲自出马调查这件事（be reported to；look into）Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the mayor has decided to look into the affair in person.2.这些工人后悔当时接受管理部门的意见重新回去工作。现在他们再次面临失业的风险了（regret doing sth；yield to；be faced with）
These workers regret yielding to the management's advice and going back to work.Now they are again faced with the threat of losing their jobs.3.你只需填写一张表格就可以取得会员资格，它可以使你买东西的时候享受打折的优惠（fill out）
You only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which entitles you to a discount on goods.4.不知为什么他们的汽车在半路坏掉了，结果他们比原计划晚到了三个小时（break down）Their car broke down halfway for no reason.As a result they arrived three hours later than they had planned.5.那位官员卷入了一场丑闻，数周后被迫辞职（get involved in）
The official got involved in a scandal and was forced to resign weeks later.6.这个靠救济过日子的人开始慢慢地建立自己的市场，生意日渐兴隆（build up；one step at a time）
The man living on welfare began to build up his own market, one step at a time and his business is thriving.1.The man is reported to have said in private that “we are being made fools of by many of our clients, so we are entitled to have them how to us as compensations.” 据报道这个男子曾在私下说：“许多救济对象在欺骗我们，因此，作为补偿，我们有权让他们对我们点头哈腰。
2.After considering your background and experience, we regret to inform you that we don’t have an appropriate job opportunity for at current stage.我们考虑了你的背景与经历，很遗憾地告诉你，我们目前没有适合你的工作机会。
3.I failed to take my cue from Oscar.Instead, I talked back to the woman, who turned out to be our new manager.我没能按奥斯卡的暗示去做，相反，我反驳了那个妇女，结果她竟然是我们的新经理。
4.There needs to be someone who can act as a champion for the rights of the poor because the system so easily lends itself to abuse.需要有人来充当穷人权利的捍卫者，因为这一体制太容易被滥用。
5.I called the police for help after my car broke down on the freeway.Twenty minutes later, they came to my rescue.我的车子在高速公路上抛锚后，我打电话向警察求助，20分钟后他们赶来帮我。
6.He was passionate for art , but he went through tremendous pain-pain of poverty and misunderstanding.他热爱艺术，却经受了巨大的痛苦—贫穷与误解。
第四单元
1.我父母不是对我的教育投资，而是把钱花在了买新住房上（rather than）
Rather than invest in my education, my parents spent their money on a new house.2.如今，人们用于休闲娱乐的开支是过去的两倍（twice as „ as）
Today, people are spending twice as much on entertainment and relaxation as they did in the past.3.一家公司要成功，它必须跟上市场的发展（keep pace with）
In order to be successful, a business must keep pace with developments in the marketplace.4.与申请这个职位的其他女孩相比，她流利的英语是个优势（give a advantage over）Her fluency in English gave her an advantage over other girls for the job.5.对于学生而言，没有任何地方比图书馆更好了，在那里所有的图书都由他们任意使用（at one’s disposal）
For students, nowhere is better than the library, where all the books are at their disposal.6.我们要充分利用好这个平台，加强交流，拓展合作领域，共谋发展大计（make use of）We should make full use of the platform to strengthen communication, expand cooperation in more areas and seek further development through joint efforts.1.The developing countries see information technologies as a means to accelerate their economy, but some lack experience in weighing costs and choosing between technologies.发展中国家认为信息技术是促进经济发展的途径，但一些国家在估算成本与选择技术方面缺乏经验。
2.The world is said to have about 3000 times as much groundwater as water it has in rivers and lakes, and groundwater is far cleaner.据说地球拥有的地下水量大约是其拥有的河流和湖泊水量的三千倍，而且地下水要干净得多。3.Anyone can take good photos-it’s just a matter of being in the right place at the right time.任何人都能照出好照片—问题只是你是否在合适的时间和地点。
4.By installing computers in their schools and libraries, the community leaders demonstrated that they were determined not to lag behind in technology.通过在他们的学校和图书馆安装计算机，这些社区的领导们表明他们决心不在技术上落后。
5.When he started the company, he thought he’d be able to cruise alongside the top businesses in the market, but he is disappointed because he hasn’t yet succeeded.当他开始创办这家公司时，他想他将能在市场上与那些顶级公司并驾齐驱，可是他现在失望 了，因为他没有成功。
6.A Florida couple is building what say will be the home of the future, one strong enough to withstand hurricanes, yet gentle enough to blend in with the environment.佛罗里达的一对夫妇在建造一座他们称之为未来之家的房子，它既能抵御咫风，又与周围环 境十分协调。
第五单元
1.这位小个子男子并不如他看上去那么单纯（not so„ as）
This little man is not so innocent as he appears.2.对这个问题我已束手无策了，所以你不妨去求助王教授吧（might as well）
There's nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor Wang for help.3.双方高度评价了在不同领域合作取得的成果，并希望合作进一步加深（speak highly of）Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, and hope that the
cooperation can be furthered.4.一方面，亲民形象能使新政策更易于被民众接受，另一方面，它也能“广直言之路，启进善之门”（on the one hand, on the other hand）
On the one hand, an image of being close to the people can get a new policy more easily accepted.On the other hand, it will “encourage people to speak their minds and come up with constructive suggestions”.5.他孤独的感觉时起时落，他有时会对自己，对动物，对电视机唠叨不休（rise and fall，at length）
His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length to himself and his pets and the television.6.毕竟，金钱不是万能的，最富有的人不一定是最幸福的（after all）
After all, money is not everything.The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.1.The new mechanism is not so effective as they had expected, for months passed and there has been no big improvement in management efficiency.新的机制并不像他们预期的那样有效，因为数月过去了，但管理效率并没有明显改进。
2.I don’t want to scare you unnecessarily, but you might as well face facts and look at a few numbers.我不想不必要地吓唬你，可你最好还是面对事实，看看一些数字吧。
3.Loneliness is marked by a sense of isolation.Solitude, on the other hand, is a state of being alone without being lonely and can lead to self-awareness.孤独的特点是一种与世隔绝感，而独居则是独自一人却不感到寂寞的状态，它能引发自我 意识。
4.Loneliness is a negative state.One feels that something is missing.It is possible to be with people and still feel lonely-perhaps the bitterest form of loneliness.孤独是一种消极的状态，你会感到失去了某种东西。你可能与别人在一起仍然感到孤独— 这也许是孤独最痛苦的形式。
5.Solitude is a positive state of engagement with oneself.Solitude is desirable, a state of being alone where you provide yourself wonderful and sufficient company.独居是一种与自我相约的积极的状态。独居是值得向往的，是独自一人、享受自我愉快而又 充实的陪伴的一种状态。
6.Thoreau says that loneliness can occur even amid companions if one’s heart is not open to them.梭罗说，一个人即使身处同伴之中，如果不对他们敞开心扉，仍会感到孤独。
第四篇：新视野大学英语第四册Vocabulary及翻译(修订版)
新视野大学英语第四册Vocabulary及翻译
1.Hundreds of workers sat 流水线)to start again.数百名工人被闲置在工厂地板上等待流水线重新开始。
2.To some of our problems there was more than one answer, so we were looking at the students’ reasoning as to how they got it and if they couldthe answer they had.对我们的一些问题有一个以上的答案,所以我们看学生推理他们如何得到它,如果他们能证明他们的答案。
3.Consumers expect to find the brand(品牌)available at a(n)and are unpleasantly surprised to find a higher price.消费者期望发现品牌(品牌)可以在一个(n)的折扣和非常惊讶地发现一个更高的价格。
4.The European Union is made up of 27 nations with(独特的)cultural, linguistic(语言学的)and economic roots(根源,根本).欧盟的27个国家组成的具有明显的的文化、语言和经济根源。
5.Police found 警方发现了微量的血在汽车座椅。
6.Despite his promise to eliminate(消除)cronyism(任人唯亲的), he was openlyof giving government positions to friends and relatives.尽管他承诺消除任人唯亲他被指控向公开政府的职务的朋友和亲戚。
7.But I would like t accept his kind offer if he did notto my sharing the seed with my friend, Mary, who was an experienced grower and had a beautiful rock garden.但是我想没有接受他的好意,如果他不反对我和我的朋友分享种子,玛丽,她是一位经验丰富的种植者和有一个美丽的石头花园。
8.The pollution from factories continues tothe river and also poses(造成)health threat to people living nearby.来自工厂的污染继续污染河流也对附近的居民造成健康威胁。
9.We believe it’s possible to(维持)growth through the use of different kinds of energy that will allow for lower carbon emissions.我们相信可以维持(维持)增长通过使用不同种类的能源,这将允许降低碳排放量。
10.The people loved her so much that they nicknamed her “Evita”, and long after her death, many Argentines continue toher.人们爱她,以至于他们曾戏称她为“埃维塔”,长在她死后,很多阿根廷人继续崇拜她。
11.To our surprise，when he heard the news he laughed suddenly and all the anger in his faceaway.让我们吃惊的是,当他听到这个消息,他笑了突然和所有的愤怒都在他的脸上消失了。
12.The Prime Minister said his government would try topublic trust
首相说他的政府将尝试恢复公众信任
13.Although she was quite young，she showed a lot ofand was promoted to manager after a year.虽然她很年轻,她表现了极大的积极性和被提升为经理一年之后。
14.There is no doubt that children learn far more by example than by precept(规矩)，and therefore teachershave a(n)to behave well themselves.毫无疑问,孩子们学习到多得多的例子比言教(规矩),因此老师有(n)义务要好好表现自己。
15.It is believed that listening to gentle and soft music might help torelaxation and reduce stress.据说听轻音乐可能有助于让人放松和减轻压力。
16.The young driver looked over the engine carefullyit should go wrong on the way.这个年轻的司机仔细检查了发动机,以防在路上出毛病。
17.Seeing the patient in good condition after the operation，the doctor breathed a sigh of1
看到病人情况良好手术后,医生松了一口气
18.Will these findings more information on prehistoric man?
将这些发现提供更多的信息在史前的人吗?
19.A special committee was formed tointo complaints made by several employees who claimed to
have been treated unfairly by the company.一个特别委员会的成立是为了调查几个员工的投诉他声称曾由公司不公平的对待。
20.Stress can be extremely damaging to your health.Exercise,压力可以对你的健康造成极大的损害。与此同时,锻炼,可以降低它的影响。
21.I prefer to eat vegetables我喜欢吃未经烹饪的生蔬菜，因为我相信这有利于健康。
22.Ifof the charge he would face a prison sentence of six years.如果被判有罪，他将面临6年的有期徒刑。
23.Any claims for refund or如要求退款或赔偿，必须在28天内将书面申请交至我们总公司。
24.If you will require childcare in order to attend the meeting, please or Martha at Jordan’s office.如果你为了参加会议而要求照看孩子，请到乔丹的办公室留消息给简或玛莎，这样我们就会知晓了。
25.The government attaches great importance to the training of food handlers and the new Food Safety Act
contains specific on this.政府很重视对食物生产者进行培训，新的《食品安全法》对这一点有明文规定。
26.Keep your保留好收据，这样商品出问题时你可以拿收据来更换。
27.Her job in that company was to merely fill the containers and thenlabels on them.她在公司的工作就是把罐子装满，然后在上面贴上标签。
28.When he realized that one engine was not working, the pilotair traffic control.当飞行员意识到一个引擎坏了时，他向空中交通管制部门发了警报
29.My garden is too dry and shady—not many plants我家的花园既干燥又阴凉，没有多少植物可以在这样的环境中茁壮成长。
30.This is tothat the holder of this certificate has been awarded top prize in the English-speaking
contest.这可以证明该证书的所有者在英语演讲比赛中获得了第一名。
31.Although this report onlythe surface of the subject, it has already sparked a nationwide
debate.虽然这个报告只是触及了这个话题的表面，它却已经引发了全国范围内的讨论。
32.Mrs.Cresson will need all her negotiating skills toher bills through parliament.克莱森夫人需要运用她的一切谈判技巧以使议会通过她的议案。
33.International Aid Agencies haveships to transport supplies to the area stuck by natural
disaster.国际援助机构已经租了轮船向受灾地区运输物资。
34.Viewed from that particular从那个特殊的角度来看，当然，整个事件看起来是可疑的。
35.The government has been urged to lift theof secrecy surrounding the minister’s unexpected visit
abroad.政府被要求揭开部长突然出国访问的秘密。
36.I was just wondering how I could get home, when suddenly, as if by , a taxi pulled up.我正在想如何回家，突然就像变魔术一样，一辆出租车在我身边停了下来。
37.We all have a very high opinion of Dr.Franklin’s work.In thesurgery, he has no equal.我们对富兰克林医生的工作都有很高的评价，在外科领域，他是无人能及的。
38.But the advertisements that reallyme are not the ones aimed at women but ones aimed at men.但是真正让我烦恼的广告不是针对女性的广告，而是针对男性的广告。
39.These youngsters ,“fully-equipped”, went into a(n)puma, which was reported to have been observed.那些全副武装的年轻人进入茂密、潮湿的森林搜寻野生美洲狮，据报道有人曾看见过它。
40.The articleChina’s educational achievements during the past 20 years and outlined its
development plants for the next ten years.这篇文章强调了在过去的20年里中国在教育方面取得的成就，并概述了未来10年的发展规划。生产商目前正在制定数字传输和信号接收的行业标准。
41.Now people caninformation much more quickly than ever before.如今人们比以前传送信息要快得多。
42.Every effort has been made tothat all information was correct at the time of publication.竭尽全力来确保所有消息在公布时都是准确的。
43.A ’s success is their system of finding and looking after new talent.德国成功的关键是他们可以寻找和发现新型人才的系统。
44.When carrying out such exercises, students are actively involved in the learning process and they receive
constant在做这些练习时，学生积极地参与到学习的过程中，并不断地获得关于他们进展的反馈。
45.I start my day by readingand writing replies.我一天的工作就从阅读和回复信件开始了。
46.In his academic career, Professor Smith hadin international politics with an emphasis on the
politics of East Europe.史密斯教授在自己的学术生涯中专攻国际政治，研究方向是东欧政治。
47.In our university, each student has a personalwhom they normally meet two or three times a term
for an individual review of general progress.在我们大学，每名学生有一个私人导师，学生要和导师一学期碰两到三次面，回顾个人学业的总
体进展。
48.The town is built by the side of a hill,the name Hillside.这个小镇依山而建，因此取名“山坡”。
49.Beginning in fourth grade, students are expected to spent a considerable wording independently.学生们从四年级开始，就被要求把相当一部分学习时间用在独立学习上。
50.With piles ofto be dealt with, he should not have gone to the movie with you.有一大堆文件要处理，他本不应该和你一起去看电影的。
51.Employees at ’s words and closely watch their
expression.那些做着卑贱工作的员工必须仔细斟酌老板的每句话，小心谨慎地看他们的脸色行事。
52.In Paris, the Eiffel Tower closed to the public for four hours after a morning snowfall made it tooto climb.在巴黎，因一天早晨的大雪导致太滑而不能登塔，埃菲尔铁塔关闭了四小时。
53.Children and, later, teenagers have to learn to put a brake on their impulses, to孩子们以后会长成青少年，他们必须学会控制冲动以抑制自己的欲望。
54.Some poets and philosophers choose to live in solitude because they can findin it.一些诗人和哲学家选择独处，因为他们能在独处中找到灵感。
55.No one noticed that the little boy had谁也没注意到那个小男孩已溜进房间，坐在那儿听。
56.Blake was wrongfully arrested and is now demanding anfrom the police.布莱克遭到误捕，他现在正要求警察道歉。
57.After months of , I personally can conclude that it was pretty much an arbitrary policy.通过数月观察，我个人可以断定，那几乎是一项专制政策。
58.Though he did not , he went at a pace slow enough for the listeners to take down a lot of what he
said.他虽不是做口述，但他已足够慢的速度说话以便听众能记下他所说的大部分内容。
59.Some people feel totallywhen faced with new responsibilities.一些人在面临新的责任时觉得手足无措。
60.The philosopher is said to be aman.He closed himself indoors and rarely had visitors.据说那位哲学家是一个深居简出的人。他很少出门，也没有他人来访。
61.It is generally acknowledged that psychology is extremely心理学被公认为是一门很抽象的理论科学。
62.All of these festivals were regarded as所有这些节日都被当作是神圣的，届时一切日常工作都会停下来。
63.It was a terrible accident.那是一次可怕的交通事故，然而乘坐飞机仍然是最安全的交通方式。
64.What is perhaps of great importance is the fact that she challenged the decision of her employers and
won the
case against all.也许最重要的是，她挑战了老板的决定，并不计艰难地赢了官司。
65.Far from helping the situation, the new regulations are likely to新规定不仅丝毫没有改善情况，反而是事情变得更复杂了。
66.They enjoy each other’s company and are prepared to他们喜欢彼此相伴，做好了忍受任何不便的准备。
67.She suffers from periods of deep , when she locks herself away and will speak to no one for
weeks.她极为消沉地度过了一段时期，把自己锁起来，几周都不与别人说话。
68.Both sides hope that the disputes can be solved without双方希望不用诉诸武力即可解决争端。
69.Susanin horror when a young man suddenly appeared with a gun from her back.当一个持枪的年轻人突然从她身后出现时，苏珊吓得惊叫起来。
70.A person with an eatingmay maintain a normal weight and so their condition may go
unnoticed for years.一个饮食不规律的人有可能保持正常体重，因此其状况多年不会引起注意。
Computer-based communications can offer many educational opportunities;therefore, educators will need to current teaching methods into the classroom.计算机通信可以提供更多的教育机会，因此，教室需要改进现代教学方法，吧这些新媒介融入课
堂教学中。
71.Since its release, Dr.Goleman’s Emotional Intelligence has heated debates about the
importance of EQ in one’s success in work and in life.丹尼尔•戈尔曼的《情感智能》一书自出版以来，引起了关于情商在人的工作和生活中重要性的激烈讨论。
72.Due to different life experiences and social backgrounds, people’s from person to person.由于不同的人生体验和社会背景，人们对同一个事件的看法也会不一样。
73.Dr.Goleman believes that the future.戈尔曼博士认为培养情商在将来会越来越重要。
74.When psychologists began to think about intelligence, they used to as memory and problem-solving.当心理学家开始思考智力问题时，他们常常局限于认识能力方面，如记忆力和解决问题的能力。
75.The purchase of 500 tanks is part of a strategy to increase militaryby 25% over the next five
years.购买500辆坦克是在下个5年内将军事力量提高25%的战略的一部分。
76.as EQ is, the company has attached much importance to the development of emotional
intelligence of its staff.虽然对于情商还有争议，但这家公司很重视员工情商的发展。
77.Working in a refugee camp and seeing the sufferings of the war victims had helped to raise his political.他在难民营工作看到战争受害者遭受的苦难，这使他提高了政治觉悟。
78.If you were interested in EQ, I’d Emotional Intelligence by Daniel Goleman—it’
s informative.如果你对情商感兴趣，我将会向你推荐丹尼尔•戈尔曼写的《情感智能》一书，该书内容较为翔实。
79.The state will encourage scientific and technological research, and promote the and technology to innovate traditional industries and develop high-tech industries.该国将鼓励科学和技术研究，并促进科技的运用以改造传统行业，并发展高科技行业。
80.She thought that if she armed herself with all the knowledge she could gather she couldanything.她想，如果能用自己所获得的全部知识来武装自己，那么她就能处理好所有的事情。
81.The combination of education and psychology has both immediate practical and long-term value, as the
two fields 教育学与心理学的结合既有眼前的实用性又有长远价值，因为这两个领域在多个层面上相互渗透和影响。
82.I am confident that we can我确信我们可以在几个月的时间内恢复和平、稳定以及对法规的尊重。
83.Anger is the natural reaction we experience when we feel threatened or.愤怒是人们感到自己受到威胁或者沮丧时的自然反应。
84.Low lighting and soft musicthe atmosphere in the room.微弱的灯光和轻柔的音乐增添了房间里的气氛。
85.It is highly recommended that old people check their diet against healthy food recommendations andwhere necessary.强烈建议老年人依照推荐的健康食品来检查自己的饮食情况，必要时进行调整。
86.It is乘车旅行时不经历一些颠簸几乎是不可能的。
87.Good presentation is an essentialof effective communication, but that is not all—clarity of
thought, understanding of subject, equal respect for the audience are equally important.有效交流的基本要素是清楚的表达，但这还不够，思路清晰、理解话题、给听众以同等的尊重，这些同样重要。
88.The students are immature and curious, so they can hardly resist theand indulge in net
surfing.这些学生不成熟、好奇心强，因此他们很难抗拒网络的诱惑，从而沉溺于网络世界。
89.Humans are人类享有自由选择的权力。
第五篇：新视野大学英语第三版第四册课文及翻译
Love and logic: The story of fallacy I had my first date with Polly after I made the trade with my roommate Rob.That year every guy on campus had a leather jacket, and Rob couldn't stand the idea of being the only football player who didn't, so he made a pact that he'd give me his girl in exchange for my jacket.He wasn't the brightest guy.Polly wasn't too shrewd, either.But she was pretty, well-off, didn't dye her hair strange colors or wear too much makeup.She had the right background to be the girlfriend of a dogged, brilliant lawyer.If I could show the elite law firms I applied to that I had a radiant, well-spoken counterpart by my side, I just might edge past the competition.“Radiant” she was already.I could dispense her enough pearls of wisdom to make her “well-spoken”.After a banner day out, I drove until we were situated under a big old oak tree on a hill off the expressway.What I had in mind was a little eccentric.I thought the venue with a perfect view of the luminous city would lighten the mood.We stayed in the car, and I turned down the stereo and took my foot off the brake pedal.“What are we going to talk about?” she asked.爱情与逻辑：谬误的故事
在我和室友罗伯的交易成功之后，我和波莉有了第一次约会。那一年校园里每个人都有件皮夹克，而罗伯是校足球队员中唯一一个没有皮夹克的，他一想到这个就受不了，于是他和我达成了一项协议，用他的女友换取我的夹克。他可不那么聪明，而他的女友波莉也不太精明。
但她漂亮而且富有，也没有把头发染成奇怪的颜色或是化很浓的妆。她拥有合适的家庭背景，足以胜任一名坚忍而睿智的律师的女友。如果我能够让我所申请的顶尖律师事务所看到我身边伴随着一位光彩照人、谈吐优雅的另一半，我就很有可能在竞聘中以微弱优势获胜。“光彩照人”，她已经是了。而我也能施予她足够多的“智慧之珠”，让她变得“谈吐优雅”。
在一起外出度过了美好的一天之后，我驱车来到了高速公路旁一座小山上一棵古老的大橡树下。我的想法有些怪异。而这个地方能够俯瞰灯火灿烂的城区，我觉得它会使人的心情变轻松。我们呆在车子里，我调低了音响并把脚从刹车上挪开。“我们要谈些什么？”她问道。
“Logic.” “Cool,” she said over her gum.“The doctrine of logic,” I said, ”is a staple of clear thinking.Failures in logic distort the truth, and some of them are well known.First let's look at the fallacy Dicto Simpliciter.“ ”Great,” she agreed.“Dicto Simpliciter means an unqualified generalization.For example: Exercise is good.Therefore, everybody should exercise.” She nodded in agreement.I could see she was stumped.“Polly,” I explained, “it's too simple a generalization.If you have, say, heart disease or extreme obesity, exercise is bad, not good.Therefore, you must say exercise is good for most people.” “Next is Hasty Generalization.Self-explanatory, right? Listen carefully: You can't speak French.Rob can't speak French.Looks like nobody at this school can speak French.” “Really?” said Polly, amazed.“Nobody?” “This is also a fallacy,” I said.“The generalization is reached too hastily.Too few instances support such a conclusion.” She seemed to have a good time.I could safely say my plan was underway.I took her home and set a date for another conversation.Seated under the oak the next evening I said, “Our first fallacy tonight is called Ad Misericordiam.” She nodded with delight.“Listen closely,” I said.“A man applies for a job.When the boss asks him what his qualifications are, he says he has six children to feed.” “Oh, this is awful, awful,” she whispered in a choked voice.“Yes, it‟s awful,” I agreed, “but it's no argument.The man never answered the boss's question.Instead he appealed to the boss's sympathyRob and I are back together.With great effort, I said calmly, ”How could you give me the axe over Rob? Look at me, an ingenious student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an assured future.“错误类比，”波莉立即回应。
“你的前提是约会就如同吃东西。可你不是蛋糕，你是个男孩。”
我又笑了笑，不过不觉得那么有趣了，同时还不能表露出我害怕她学得太好了。再错几步我可就无法挽回了。我决定改变策略，转而尝试奉承她的办法。“波莉，我爱你。请答应做我的女朋友，没有你我什么也不是。” “文不对题，”她说。
“你还真是能在遇到逻辑谬误时一一辨别它们了，”我说，心里的希望已经开始动摇。
“不过不要对它们太死板，我是说这都是些学术的东西。你知道，学校里学的东西和实际生活根本没有什么联系。” “绝对判断，”她说道，“而且，你自己教的东西应该自己身体力行。” 我一下跳了起来，怒火中烧，“你到底愿不愿意做我的女朋友？” “我不愿意，”她答道。
“为什么？”我追问道。“我对另一位求爱者更感兴趣――罗伯和我重归于好了。” 我极力地保持着平静，说道：“你怎么会甩了我而选择罗伯？
看看我，一个聪明过人的学生，一个不同凡响的学者，一个前途无量的人。
“错误类比，”波莉立即回应。“你的前提是约会就如同吃东西。可你不是蛋糕，你是个男孩。”
我又笑了笑，不过不觉得那么有趣了，同时还不能表露出我害怕她学得太好了。再错几步我可就无法挽回了。我决定改变策略，转而尝试奉承她的办法。34 “波莉，我爱你。请答应做我的女朋友，没有你我什么也不是。”
“文不对题，”她说。
“你还真是能在遇到逻辑谬误时一一辨别它们了，” 我说，心里的希望已经开始动摇。“不过不要对它们太死板，我是说这都是些学术的东西。你知道，学校里学的东西和实际生活根本没有什么联系。” 37 “绝对判断，”她说道，“而且，你自己教的东西应该自己身体力行。” 38 我一下跳了起来，怒火中烧，“你到底愿不愿意做我的女朋友？”
“我不愿意，”她答道。
“为什么？”我追问道。
“我对另一位求爱者更感兴趣——罗伯和我重归于好了。”
我极力地保持着平静，说道：“你怎么会甩了我而选择罗伯？看看我，一个聪明过人的学生，一个不同凡响的学者，一个前途无量的人。再看看罗伯，一个肌肉发达的蠢材，一个有了上顿没下顿的家伙。你是否能给我一个充足的理由，为什么要选择跟他？”
“喔，这是什么假设啊！为了让像你这样聪明的人能够明白，我这么说吧，”波莉反驳道，声音里充满了讽刺，“事情的真相是——我喜欢罗伯穿皮衣。是我让他同意你们的协议的，这样他就能拥有你的夹克！”
再看看罗伯，一个肌肉发达的蠢材，一个有了上顿没下顿的家伙。你是否能给我一个充足的理由，为什么要选择跟他？”
“喔，这是什么假设啊！为了让像你这样聪明的人能够明白，我这么说吧，”波莉反驳道，声音里充满了讽刺，“事情的真相是——我喜欢罗伯穿皮衣。是我让他同意你们的协议的，这样他就能拥有你的夹克！”
Unit 2 The confusing pursuit of beauty
If you're a man, at some point a woman will ask you how she looks.You must be careful how you answer this question.The best technique is to form an honest yet sensitive response, then promptly excuse yourself for some kind of emergency.Trust me, this is the easiest way out.No amount of rehearsal will help you come up with the right answer.The problem is that men do not think of their looks in the same way women do.Most men form an opinion of themselves in seventh grade and stick to it for the rest of their lives.Some men think they're irresistibly desirable, and they refuse to change this opinion even when they grow bald and their faces visibly wrinkle as they age.Most men, I believe, are not arrogant about their looks.If the transient thought passes through their minds at all, they like to think of themselves as average-looking.Being average doesn't bother them;average is fine.They don't affix much value to their looks, or think of them in terms of aesthetics.Their primary form of beauty care is to shave themselves, which is essentially the same care they give to their lawns.If, at the end of his four-minute allotment of time for grooming, a man has managed to wipe most of the shaving cream out of the strands of his hair and isn't bleeding too badly, he feels he's done all he can.Women do not look at themselves this way.If I had to guess what most women think about their appearance, it would be: “Not good enough.” No matter how attractive a woman may be, her perception of herself is eclipsed by the beauty industry.She has trouble thinking I'm beautiful, She magnifies the smallest imperfections in her body and imagines them as glaring flaws the whole world will notice and ridicule.令人困惑的对美的追求
如果你是一位男士，肯定在某个时候会有女士问你她看起来怎么样。
对于如何应对这个问题，你一定得小心。最好的对策就是给一个诚实但又谨慎的回答，然后借口有急事马上脱身。相信我，这是最简单的方法。对于她的这一问题，无论你事先练习多少次，都不会找到正确答案。
其原因是，男性和女性对外表的看法截然不同。大多数男性对自己外表的评价在七年级时就形成了，而且终生不变。有些男性认为自己有不可抗拒的魅力，即使随着年龄的增长，他们头发掉光了，脸上布满皱纹，他们仍然拒绝改变这种看法。我相信，大多数男性都不会对自己的相貌感到过分自傲。如果他们偶尔想到自己外表的话，他们愿意认为自己样貌中等。长相普通不会使他们有任何烦恼，因为普通就已经是很好了。男性不是特别注重自己的外貌，也不会从美学的角度去审视自己。他们的打扮方式主要就是刮刮胡子，就像打理自家草坪一样。对于一位男性来说，如果能花四分钟刮刮胡子，结束之后再把粘到头发上的剃须膏擦净，又没有出血太厉害，他就觉得自己已经尽心尽力了。
女性可不是这样看待自己的。如果非要我猜测大多数女性对自己的相貌是如何评价的话，那肯定是：“还不够好。”一位女士，无论她看起来多么吸引人，她对自己的看法总是由于受美容业的影响而蒙着一层阴影。要她认为“我很漂亮”是一件难事。她把身体上的极小的不完美之处加以放大，并且幻想这些缺点十分明显，以至于全世界的人都会注意到并且嘲笑她。
Why do women consider their looks so deficient? This chronic insecurity isn't inborn, but created through the interaction of many complex psychological and societal factors, beginning with the dolls we give them as children.Girls grow up playing with dolls proportioned so that, if they were human, they would be seven feet tall and weigh 61 pounds, with tiny thighs and a large upper body.This is an absurd standard to live up to, especially when you consider the size of the doll's waist, a relative measurement physically impossible for a living human to achieve.Contrast this absurd standard with that presented to little boys with their “action figures”.Most of the toys that young boys have played with were weird-looking, like the one called Buzz-Off that was part human, part flying insect.This guy was not a looker, but he was still extremely self-confident.You could not imagine him saying to the others, “Is this accessory the right shade of violet for this outfit?” But women grow up thinking they need to look like Barbie dolls or girls on magazine covers, which for most women is impossible.Nonetheless, the multibillion-dollar beauty industry, complete with its own aisle in the grocery store, is devoted to constant warfare on female self-esteem, convincing women that they must buy all the newest moisturizing creams, bronzing powders and appliances that promise to “stimulate and restore” their skin.I once saw an Oprah Show in which supermodel Cindy Crawford dispensed makeup tips to the studio audience.Cindy had all these middle-aged women apply clay masks and other “wrinkle-removing” products to their faces;she stressed how important it was to adhere to the guidelines, like applying products via the tips of their fingers to protect elasticity.All the women dutifully did this, even though it was obvious to any rational observer that, no matter how carefully they applied these products, they would never have Cindy Crawford's face or complexion.为什么女性会把自己的外貌想得这么差呢？这种长期的不安全感并不是与生倶来的，而是由许多复杂的心理和社会因素的相互作用造成的，从小时候大人们给她们买洋娃娃时就开始了。女孩成长过程中摆弄的洋娃娃，如果按照身材比例还原为真人大小的话，就会是 7 英尺高，61 英磅重，大腿纤细，上身丰满。要达到这样的标准是很荒唐的，尤其是当我们想想那种洋娃娃的腰围尺寸，就知道其相对尺寸对任何一个活人来说都是不可企及的。与女孩玩具的这种荒唐标准相比，小男孩们得到的“动作玩偶”却是完全不同的模样。大多数男孩的玩具都样貌古怪，例如那个叫作“蜜蜂侠”的玩偶，一半像人，一半像会飞的昆虫。这个玩偶尽管样子不好看，但仍然非常自信。你肯定无法想象他会问别人说：“这个配饰的紫罗兰色和这件外套配不配呢？”
然而，女性在成长过程中却认为自己应该长得像芭比娃娃或杂志的封面女郎那样，这对大多数女性来说是不可能的。尽管如此，产值达几十亿美元的美容业，在超市化妆品销售专区的配合下，总是在不停地攻击着女性的自尊，使其相信自己只有购买最新的保湿面霜、古铜散粉，以及各种美容器具，才能“激发和恢复”肌肤活力。我曾经看过一期《奥普拉脱口秀》，在节目中，超级名模辛迪•克劳馥和演播室里的观众分享了自己的化妆秘诀。辛迪要求这些中年妇女在脸上敷上黏土面膜和其他去皱产品；她还强调一定要遵守这些方法，例如：往脸上涂抹这些产品时，要用指尖，这样可以保护皮肤的弹性。所有这些妇女都非常忠实地按照辛迪说的做了。可是对任何一个理智的旁观者来说，无论她们如何认真地使用这些产品，她们都不可能拥有辛迪那样的面容或肤色。
I'm not saying that men are superior.I'm just saying that you're not going to get a group of middle-aged men to plaster cosmetics to themselves under the instruction of Brad Pitt in hopes of looking more like him.Men don't face the same societal focus purely on physical beauty, and they're encouraged to reach out to other characteristics to promote their self-esteem.They might say to Brad: “Oh yeah? Well, what do you know about lawn care, pretty boy?” Of course women argue that they become obsessed with appearance as a reaction to pressure from men.The truth is that most men think beauty is more than just lipstick and perfume and take no notice of these extra details.I have never once, in more than 40 years of listening to men talk about women, heard a man say, “She had gorgeous fingernails!” To most men, little things like fingernails are all homogeneous anyway, and one woman's flawless pink polish is exactly as invisible as another's bare nails.By participating in this system of extreme conformity, women are actually opening themselves up to the scrutiny of other women, the only ones qualified to judge their efforts.What is the real benefit of working this hard to appease men who don't notice when it only exposes women to prosecution from other women? Anyway, to get back to my original point: If you're a man, and a woman asks you how she looks, you can't say she looks bad without receiving immediate and well-deserved outrage.But you also can't shower her with empty compliments about how her shoes complement her dress nicely because she'll know you're lying.She has spent countless hours worrying about the differences between her looks and Cindy Crawford's.Also,she suspects that you're not qualified to voice a subjective opinion on anybody's appearance.This may be because you have shaving cream in your hair and inside the folds of your ears.我并不是说男性优于女性。我的意思是你不可能让一群中年男子在布拉德•皮特的指导下把化妆品敷到自己脸上，期望自己能看起来更像布拉德。与女性不同，男性的外貌美不是社会所关注的唯一焦点。人们会鼓励男性借助其他特征来提升自尊。他们也许会对布拉德说：“是吗？那么帅哥，你对草坪维护又知道多少？” 当然，女性会争辩说她们对外表的热衷追求是出于对来自男性的压力的一种反应。而事实是，大多数男性认为美丽不仅仅来自于口红和香水，而且他们也不会去注意这些额外的细节。四十多年来，我在听男性谈论女性时，从来没有一次听到过哪位男性这样说：“她的指甲真漂亮啊！”对大多数男性来说，像指甲这样小的东西看起来都一样，无论一个女士的指甲是用粉色指甲油涂得完美无瑕，还是光光的毫无修饰，男性都一概视而不见。
女性参与这种极端的从众行为，实际上是把自己置于其他女性的审视之下，因为只有那些女性才有资格评价她们所付出的努力。但是，如此费力地去取悦男性而他们却根本不会注意，同时又只是招致其他女性的指责，这样做究竟有什么好处呢？
不管怎样，言归正传：如果你是一位男性，当有女士问你她看起来怎么样时，你千万不能说她看起来很糟糕，那样肯定会使她立刻迁怒于你，这也是你咎由自取。但是，你也不能慷慨地大放空洞之词，赞美她的鞋子和裙子是多么相配，因为她知道你是在说谎。她已经花费了无数个小时发愁自己的容貌不能和辛迪•克劳馥的一样。而且，也许因为你的头发和耳廓上粘着剃须膏，她会怀疑你根本没有资格对任何人的外表给出主观评价。
Unit 3 Fred Smith and FedEx: The vision that changed the world
Every night several hundred planes bearing a purple, white, and orange design touch down at Memphis Airport, in Tennessee.What precedes this landing are package pickups from locations all over the United States earlier in the day.Crews unload the planes' cargo of more than half a million parcels and letters.The rectangular packages and envelopes are rapidly reshuffled and sorted according to address, then loaded onto other aircraft, and flown to their destinations to be dispersed by handknown originally as Federal Expressstopping ozone depletion and the greenhouse effectbiodiversity is after all necessary to the ecosystem.But we must remember that not every species is needed to keep that diversity.Sometimes aesthetic aspects of life have to be sacrificed to more fundamental ones.If the cost of preserving the spotted owl is the loss of livelihood for 30,000 logging families, I choose the families(with their saws and chopped timber)over the owl.11 The important distinction is between those environmental goods that are fundamental and those that are not.Nature is our ward, not our master.It is to be respected and even cultivated.But when humans have to choose between their own well-being and that of nature, nature will have to accommodate.12 Humanity should accommodate only when its fate and that of nature are inseparably bound up.The most urgent maneuver must be undertaken when the very integrity of humanity's habitat, e.g., the atmosphere or the essential geology that sustains the core of the earth, is threatened.When the threat to humanity is lower in the hierarchy of necessity, a more modest accommodation that balances economic against health concerns is in order.But in either case the principle is the same: protect the environmentat first.But after a while, it annoys, as if the only things that people heard one say were what had been filtered through the sieve of social niceties: I'm so pleased to meet you.I've heard many wonderful things about you.These remarks are not representative of new ideas, honest emotions, or considered thought.Like a piece of bread, they are only the crust of the interaction, or what is said from the polite distance of social contexts: greetings, farewells, convenient excuses, and the like.This generalization, therefore, is not a true composite of Chinese culture but only a stereotype of our exterior behavior.“So how does one say 'yes' and 'no' in Chinese?” my friends may ask carefully.At this junction, I do agree in part with The New York Times Magazine article.There is no one word for “yes” or “no”, but not out of necessity to be discreet.If anything, I would say the Chinese equivalent of answering “yes” or “no” is specific to what is asked.Ask a Chinese person if he or she has eaten, and he or she might say chrle(eaten already)or meiyou(have not).Ask, “Have you stopped beating your wife?” and the answer refers directly to the proposition being asserted or denied: stopped already, still have not, never beat, have no wife.What could be clearer? 我当然相信每个人在一开始都会把这种描述的话当成称赞。但过了一段时间，这种话就会让人恼怒，就好像所听到的只是些经过细微的社交区别过滤后的言辞，诸如“很高兴认识你，我听到许多人都夸奖你”之类的话。
这些话不能表达什么新观点，也不能传达什么真实的情感或深思熟虑的想法。它们就像一片面包，只是人们交往中最表层的东西，或社交场合下出于礼貌而说的一些话：问候、道别、顺口的托词，诸如此类。由此看来，那些对中国人的概括性评价并非是对中国文化成分的真实描述，而仅仅是对我们外在行为的一种成见而已。
“那么中文究竟怎么表达„是‟和„不是‟呢？”我的朋友也许会小心翼翼地问。
在这一点上，我的确在某种程度上同意《纽约时报杂志》的那篇文章。在中文里，没有哪一个字专门用于表达“是”或“不是”，但这并非是因为需要保持谨慎。若的确有什么不同的话，那我会说中文里对应的“是”或“不是”的表达通常是针对所问的具体内容而定的。如果你问一个中国人是否吃饭了，他（或她）会说“吃了”（已经吃过）或“没有”（没有吃过）。你若问：“你停止打老婆了吗？”他会直接就所断定或所否认的假设进行回答：已经停止了，还没有，从来不打，没有老婆。还有什么能比这更明了的呢？
Unit 6 The weight men carry
When I was a boy growing up off the grid in the Commonwealth of Virginia, the men I knew labored with their bodies from the first rooster crow in the morning to sundown.They were marginal farmers, shepherds, just scraping by, or welders, steelworkers, carpenters;they built cabinets, dug ditches, mined coal, or drove trucks, their forearms thick with muscle.They trained horses, stocked furnaces, made tires, stood on assembly lines, welding parts onto refrigerators or lubricating car engines.In the evenings and on weekends, they labored equally hard, working on their own small tract of land, fixing broken-down cars, repairing broken shutters and drafty windows.In their little free time, they drowned their livers in beer from cheap copper mugs at a bar near the local brewery or racecourse.The bodies of the men I knew were twisted and wounded in ways visible and invisible.Heavy lifting had given many of them spinal problems and appalling injuries.Some had broken ribs and lost fingers.Racing against conveyor belts had given some ulcers.Their ankles and knees ached from years of standing on concrete.Some had partial vision loss as the glow of the welding flame damaged their optic receptors.There were times, studying them, when I dreaded growing up.All around us, the fathers always seemed older than the mothers.Men wore out sooner, being martyrs of constant work.Only women lived into old age.There were also soldiers, and so far as I could tell, they scarcely worked at all.But when the shooting started, many of them would die for their patriotism in fields and forts of foreign outposts.This was what soldiers were forthe news commentators, the lawyers, the doctors, the politicians who levied the taxes and the bosses who gave ordersany place where the fates of men and women are symmetrically bleak and grim.When the women I met at college thought about the joys and privileges of men, they didn't see the sort of men I had known.These daughters of privileged, Republican men wanted to inherit their fathers' power and lordship over the world.They longed for a say over their future.But so did I.The difference between me and these daughters was that they saw me, because of my sex, as destined from birth to become like their fathers, and therefore as an enemy to their desires.But I knew better.I wasn't an enemy to their desires, in fact or in feeling.I was an ally in their rebellion.If I had known, then, how to tell them so, or how to be a mediator, would they have believed me? Would they have known? 在这样一个满是富人的陌生世界里，我在理解女人们深深的怨怒方面很是迟钝。这是因为，当我还是一个小男孩时，我就嫉妒过她们。在上大学之前，我所认识的唯一对艺术、音乐或文学有兴趣的人，唯一看上去能够享受一丝自在的一群人就是那些做母亲和女儿的人。而且，她们也不必去参加战争。与父亲们所遭受的狭隘的、封闭的日子相比，母亲们所承担的相对较轻的工作显得更加宽泛一些。她们剪用购物券，探访邻居，在学校或教堂跑跑腿。我仿佛是透过望远镜看到她们的生活，满是闪烁的星星和一缕缕光线，而漏掉了她们生活岁月的真实细节。毋庸置疑，如果我用更具理性的方式审视她们的生活，我就不会那么嫉妒她们了。可在那时，我实在看不出一幢房子能成为什么样的牢狱，因为房子在我看来比任何厂房都更亮堂、更体面。我也没有意识到女人是多么频繁地遭受男人的欺凌，因为这样的事情从未被提及过。即使在那时，我也能够看出一个母亲整日忙碌着应付年幼孩子们的需要是多么地辛苦。但是，作为男孩，如果我那时必须在照顾婴儿和照看机器之间作选择，我想我会选择照顾婴儿。
所以，当学校里的女性大吵大囔，谴责我和我所属的性别，说我们霸占着世间的欢乐时，我很困惑。她们要求从性别歧视的束缚中解放出来。我认为别的男孩（女孩也一样）也会有我这样的迷惑，只要他们成长于一贫如洗的农村，成长于码头边或工厂附近——成长于任何让男人和女人的命运同样苍白和严酷的地方。当我在大学里遇到的那些女子们想到男人的享乐和特权时，她们并没有见过我以前认识的那些男人。这些特权阶层的、共和党男人的女儿们渴望继承她们父亲的权力和凌驾世界的贵族身份。她们渴望能对自己的未来拥有发言权。而我也渴望这样。我和这些女儿们之间的区别在于，她们看我时想到的是，我因为自己的性别而自出生起就注定可以成为像她们父亲那样的人，从而也是她们实现自己欲望的敌人。但我比她们更清楚，无论是事实上还是情感上，我都不是她们欲望的敌人。我是她们反抗行动的同盟者。如果那时我就知道如何把这些告诉她们，或如何在中间做一个调停人，她们会相信我吗？她们能够理解吗？
点击咨询 