2018考研英语：再识三种情况下的虚拟语气

第一篇：2018考研英语：再识三种情况下的虚拟语气

凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！

2018考研英语：再识三种情况下的虚拟

语气

考研英语中，语法部分难度最大，包含知识点既多又细碎，往往是复习中最大的拦路虎。其中，一些特殊语法的判断又给我们的阅读增加了难度，虚拟语气就是其中一个。所谓虚拟语气，其本质是一种非真实的条件从句，用来描述想象的、非真实的场景，或表达说话人的愿望、假想、建议等。不同情况下虚拟语气呈现不同特征，需要我们在现实中做到具体问题具体分析。今天要向大家重申三种情况下的虚拟语气，一起看看吧！

一、状语从句中的虚拟语气

虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用除了可以表示条件外，还可以表示比较、结果、目的等。虚拟语气用于表示条件的状语从句中，一般称为虚拟条件句。根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句中谓语动词时态的变化可能有三种形式，即现在、过去和将来。

【例句】If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.（如果它能注意这个问题的话，它就会拓展其雇员多样化项目，而目前的项目只单纯考虑招收不同种族和性别的员工，去雇佣那些在世界观、价值观、教育背景及社会阶层方面各不相同的记者。）

【解析】这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句。If it did是条件状语从句。主句中主语是it；谓语动词有两个，分别是would open up...和look for...。这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时，主句用would+动词原形open up和look for。

二、主语从句中的虚拟语气

当it作形式主语，后面用形容词作表语，即在it is + adj.这样的句型中，当描述主语的表语形容词是advisable，critical，crucial，desirable，essential，imperative，important，incredible，inevitable，necessary，recommend，strange，urgent等形容词时，主语从句的谓语动词多用虚拟语气，如果是现在时，谓语动词用should/would +动词原形（should/would经常省略）；如果是过去时，则用should/would + have done的形式。

【例句】It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer.Just as inevitably，the retreat from predominance proved painful.（随着其他国家日益富裕，美国的这一优势地位逐渐下降是不可避免的。惟其不可避免，从优势地位上退出愈发痛苦不堪。）

【解析】这是一个含有主语从句的复合句。句首的It是形式主语，真正主语是that从句，该主语从句使用了虚拟语气should+完成时。

三、宾语从句中的虚拟语气

表示“建议、请求、命令、要求”等主观意向的词（如：suggest、advise、assume、decide、demand、desire、insist、propose、order、recommend、require、suggest„„），凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！

引导宾语从句时需用虚拟语气。虚拟语气中的格式很固定：谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略。注意这种句型中的虚拟语气形式不受主句动词时态的影响。

【例句】Theories concerning on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior because they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through interactions with others.（关于个体研究的理论认为，孩子们从事犯罪活动是因为以前他们做错事情时对他们的惩罚力度不够，或是因为他们通过与其他人的交往学会了犯罪。）

【解析】此句是个含有一个宾语从句、两个原因状语从句的复合句。suggest是主句谓语，Suggest后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词engage in前面省略了should.考研成功难又不难，一旦大家开始准备就要全力以赴。自制力差的学生可以找几个研友，互相激励，因为坚持下来也确实不容易，也看个人习惯，有的同学可能一个人学习更有效率；在这个过程中更主要的还有大家坚持的信念，坚持完成一件事情本身就是成功。

在三百多天的日子里，老师会一直陪伴着大家，里边的每条微博、微信、咨询都是温暖大家并激励大家前行的动力。奔跑吧，2018的考生们！

虽然有突破口、也有规律可循，但这并不意味着我们可以一劳永逸、高枕无忧，要知道，想要精通世界上任何一门语言，除非有天生的语言天分，否则偷不得半分懒，只能勤勤恳恳反复练习。一遍不懂读两遍，默念不行就大声念出来，遇到不认识的单词就查，不懂的句子就静下心来拆分结构。总之，读书百遍、其义自现，英语学习之路上没有笨蛋，只有懒人。综上就是小编给大家提供的高分技巧，技巧就是牢固的知识点和强悍的答题思路，预祝所有考生2018考研有个好成绩。凯程教育：

凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。凯程考研的宗旨：让学习成为一种习惯；

凯程考研的价值观口号：凯旋归来，前程万里； 信念：让每个学员都有好最好的归宿；

使命：完善全新的教育模式，做中国最专业的考研辅导机构； 激情：永不言弃，乐观向上；

敬业：以专业的态度做非凡的事业；

服务：以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作，为学员服务，为学员引路。

如何选择考研辅导班：

在考研准备的过程中，会遇到不少困难，尤其对于跨专业考生的专业课来说，通过报辅导班来弥补自己复习的不足，可以大大提高复习效率，节省复习时间，大家可以通过以下几个方面来考察辅导班，或许能帮你找到适合你的辅导班。

师资力量：师资力量是考察辅导班的首要因素，考生可以针对辅导名师的辅导年限、辅导经验、历年辅导效果、学员评价等因素进行综合评价，询问往届学长然后选择。判断师资力量

凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！

关键在于综合实力，因为任何一门课程，都不是由

一、两个教师包到底的，是一批教师配合的结果。还要深入了解教师的学术背景、资料著述成就、辅导成就等。凯程考研名师云集，李海洋、张鑫教授、方浩教授、卢营教授、孙浩教授等一大批名师在凯程授课。而有的机构只是很普通的老师授课，对知识点把握和命题方向，欠缺火候。

对该专业有辅导历史：必须对该专业深刻理解，才能深入辅导学员考取该校。在考研辅导班中，从来见过如此辉煌的成绩：凯程教育拿下2015五道口金融学院状元，考取五道口15人，清华经管金融硕士10人，人大金融硕士15个，中财和贸大金融硕士合计20人，北师大教育学7人，会计硕士保录班考取30人，翻译硕士接近20人，中传状元王园璐、郑家威都是来自凯程，法学方面，凯程在人大、北大、贸大、政法、武汉大学、公安大学等院校斩获多个法学和法硕状元，更多专业成绩请查看凯程网站。在凯程官方网站的光荣榜，成功学员经验谈视频特别多，都是凯程战绩的最好证明。对于如此高的成绩，凯程集训营班主任邢老师说，凯程如此优异的成绩，是与我们凯程严格的管理，全方位的辅导是分不开的，很多学生本科都不是名校，某些学生来自二本三本甚至不知名的院校，还有很多是工作了多年才回来考的，大多数是跨专业考研，他们的难度大，竞争激烈，没有严格的训练和同学们的刻苦学习，是很难达到优异的成绩。最好的办法是直接和凯程老师详细沟通一下就清楚了。

建校历史：机构成立的历史也是一个参考因素，历史越久，积累的人脉资源更多。例如，凯程教育已经成立10年（2005年），一直以来专注于考研，成功率一直遥遥领先，同学们有兴趣可以联系一下他们在线老师或者电话。

有没有实体学校校区：有些机构比较小，就是一个在写字楼里上课，自习，这种环境是不太好的，一个优秀的机构必须是在教学环境，大学校园这样环境。凯程有自己的学习校区，有吃住学一体化教学环境，独立卫浴、空调、暖气齐全，这也是一个考研机构实力的体现。此外，最好还要看一下他们的营业执照。

第二篇：英语选修6虚拟语气

The Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气(必修6)

Teaching goals 教学目标

1.Target language 目标语言

a.重点词汇和短语

wish， aggressive, scholar, in the flesh

b.重点句式

I wish...were / did...If...were / did...,...would / could / should / might do...2.Ability goals能力目标

Enable the students to use the subjunctive mood correctly in different situations.3.moral goals 情感目标

Enable the students to use the subjunctive mood to express their emotion Teaching important and difficult points 教学重难点

Enable the students to use the correct form of the subjunctive mood.Teaching methods教学方法

Summarizing;comparative method;practicing activities.Teaching aids教具准备

A projector and a blackboard.Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式

Step ⅠPresentation

At first, give the students an example to present what the subjunctive mood is andin what situations we should use the subjunctive mood.Then, show them the sentence structures of the subjunctive mood.T: Now please listen to the following example: Suppose I’m a basketball fan, Yao1

Ming is coming here to play a basketball game this evening.But unfortunately, I haven’t got a ticket for it.I feel sorry about that and what should I say in this situation? Iwill say: I wish I watched the basketball game./ If I had got a ticket, I would go to watch the basketball game.Have you ever heard such kind of sentences?

Ss: Yes.They use the subjunctive mood.T: Then do you know what is the subjunctive mood and in what situations weshould use the subjunctive mood?

S: The subjunctive mood is used when we want to express a wish, request,recommendation or report of a command.S: Also, the subjunctive mood is used to express something that is contrary to thefact, highly unlikely or doubtful.T: Exactly.How can we show our feelings in such situations? We can use the following two sentence structures to express our regretting.1.Subject + wish + Object Clause

Time Verb Object clause

now： wish would do / could do / were / did

past： wished had been / done

future： wish would do / could do / were / did

2.“If” clause..., main clause...Time Verb Main clause

now： were / did Would / could / should / might do

past： had done Would / could / should / might have done

future： were / did Would / could / should / might do

Samples:

Fact Request Subjunctive mood

not getting a ticket(If I got a ticket,)watch the game(I could watch the game.)I wish I watched the basketball games.not having wings(If I had wings,)fly in the sky(I could fly in the sky.)I would flyfreely in the sky.not having enough money(If I had enough money,)buy a new computer(I couldbuy a new computer.)I could buy a new computer.Step Ⅱ Practice

First, show the students some more situations.Then raise some questions and askthem to discuss them according to the situations in groups of four, using thesubjunctive mood.At last, get them to show their sentences.T: Now I’d like to give you some more situations.Please discuss how to answer thequestions using the subjunctive mood in groups of four.Show them on the screen.1.Helen has been living with AIDS for many years.Now she is celebrating her

birthday with her friends.If you were Helen, what kind of wishes would you make?

2.It is said that a falling star can let your dreams come true.If you saw a fallingstar, what kind ofwishes would you make?

3.Besides a falling star, a magic lamp can also let your dreams come true.If youhad a magic lamp, what would you ask it to do for you?

After discussion

T: All right, now who would like to be volunteers to speak out your wishes?Ss: If I were Helen, I would ask for living longer / follow the doctors’ advice.(I wish I had a longer life / I followed the doctors’ advice.)

If I saw a falling star, I would promise to have a flourish future./ I would promise

to make my parents happy forever.(I wish I would have a flourish future / make my parents happy forever.)

If I had a magic lamp, I would ask it help the poor / I would ask it to bring peace tothe whole world.(I wish it could help the poor / bring peace to the whole world.)

Step Ⅲ Consolidation

Ask the students to do Exercises 1 ＆ 2 in Discovering useful structures on page 4and Exercises 1-4 in USING STRUCTURES on page 43.Then check the answers.Step ⅣHomework

Write five sentences by using the subjunctive mood

第三篇：英语虚拟语气教学设计

2011——2012年第一学期期末语法课考试题型

I.Clause Elements(10 points)

Read the sentences and analyse the clause elements in each of them.Use the letters S,V,O,C and A to represent the various elements:

Subject

(S)Verb

(V)Object

(O)Complement

(C)Adverbial

(A)

The first sentence is an example.David Livingstone | lived | in Africa | for more than ten years.S

V

A

A

II.Blank Filling(20 points)Fill in the blank with the verb given in the parentheses.III.Multiple Choice(20 points)There are twenty incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer in the numbered squares below.IV.Blank Filling(10 points)Fill in the blanks in the following short passage, using appropriate articles or other determiners.V.Error Correction(10 points)This is a composition written by a 13-year-old student.Correct the grammatical errors in the following composition.Write the corrected version below.VI.Translation(20 points)A.Translate the following sentences into English.(2 points each)

B.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.(3 points each)

VII.Statement, Question, Command, Exclamation(10 point)Read the following headlines taken from newspapers.The punctuation marks have been left out.After each headline, write in the blank the type of communicative function they serve: Statement, Question, Command or Exclamation.

第四篇：英语虚拟语气教案

英语（高中）虚拟语气教案

年级：高三

教师：张勇

2018年1月23日

一、教学主题：虚拟语气

二、教学内容：if引导的虚拟条件句

三、教学目标：①掌握if引导的虚拟条件句的一般形式（与现在、过去、将来 事实相反的情况）

②掌握虚拟语气中if引导的错综时间条件句 ③掌握if省略句的构成

虚拟语气的含义：虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议与事实不符的假设等等，而不表示客观存在的事实。

知识点一：表示与现在事实相反的情况

Eg: If I were you, I would take an umbrella.从例句得出相应的语法结构：

从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时（be动词用were）主句：主语+should/would/might/could+动词原形

知识点二：表示与过去事实相反的情况

Eg: If I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.从例句得出相应的语法结构： 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done

知识点三：表示与将来事实相反的情况

从句：①If+主语+should+动词原形

②If+主语+were to+动词原形

③If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词用were）

主句：主语+should/would/might/could+动词原形 Eg: If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.If you were there next month, we would play basketball with you.知识点四：

注意：①，错综时间条件句

含义：当条件状语从句表示的动作或行为和主句表示的动作或行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。

Eg：If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.If they had informed us, we would come here now.②，if省略句

在虚拟条件状语从句中可省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，变为倒装句式。

Eg: If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.变为：Should he come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.变为：were she to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.If you were there next month, we would play basketball with you.变为：Were you there next month, we would play basketball with you.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.Practice：习题讲练

1, If he should not ____ tomorrow, we should put off the meeting.A.has come

B.have come

C.had come

D.come 2, If they were to ____ the research next Tuesday, I would come with them.A.did

B.do

C.have done

D.had done 3, If she worked hard next month, we would improve her salary.A.works

B.have worked

C.worked

D.had worked 4, If you had listened to my advice before, you ____ better now.A.are

B.were

C.would be

D.would have been 5, Should he not ____ tomorrow, we should put off the meeting.A.has come

B.have come

C.had come

D.come 6, Were they to ____ the research next Tuesday, I would come with them.B.did

B.do

C.have done

D.had done 7, Had you listened to my advice before, you ____ better now.A.are

B.were

C.would be

D.would have been 3

第五篇：英语之虚拟语气归纳整理

高考英语之虚拟语气归纳整理

英语的动词有三种语气形式，即陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。陈述语气用来说明事实或就事实提出询问，可用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中；祈使语气用于表示请求、命令、建议或警告等。虚拟语气是谓语动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达假设、主观愿望、猜测、建议、可能或空想等非真实情况。如：

1.虚拟语气

He is honest.他很诚实。（陈述语气）

Don‘t be late next time.下次别迟到。（祈使语气）

If I were you，I would not go.我要是你，我就不会去。（虚拟语气）I wish I had a lot of money.要是我有很多很多钱就好了。（虚拟语气）2第一类

虚拟语气在条件句中的用法：

条件句有真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的，此时主句不用虚拟语气；而虚拟条件句则表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生，此时用虚拟语气。如： If I have time，I will go.假若我有时间，我就去。（陈述语气）

If I were you，I would go.假若我是你，我就去。（虚拟语气）

条件句的谓语时态类型 主句谓语形式 例句 形式

1.If I were you, I should 动词过去式 与现在事实would/should/could/might+ V原study English.did 相反 形 2.I would certainly go if *be 多用were I had time.1.If you had taken my

advice, you would not have 动词过去完成would/should/could/might + failed in the test.式 have done 2.If I had left a little had done earlier, I would have caught the train.与过去事实相反

1.If you came tomorrow, we ①动词过去式 would have the meeting.① 与将来事实would/should/could/might + V②should +V2.If it were to rain 相反 原形 原 tomorrow, the meeting ③were + to do would be put off.③

*规律总结：从句都往过去推一个时态，如：与现在相反的if从句就用过去时；与过去相反用过去完成时（即过去的过去）

注：特别说明

1、l would/should/could/might主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后；would表示结果还表示过去经常常常做某事，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。比较：

If you tried again，you would succeed.要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。(would表结果)If you tried again，you might succeed.要是你再试一试，你可能会成功的。(might表可能)If you tried again，you could succeed.要是你再试一试，你就能成功了。(could表能力)

2、错综时间虚拟条件句 即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致，如从句指过去，而主句即指的是现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境情况，结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整：

If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now.要是昨晚下过雨的话，现在地面就会是湿的。

You would be much better now if you had taken my advice.假若你当时听我的话，你现在就会好多了。

3、If虚拟条件句的否定（含蓄条件句）常考两个句型：If it weren’t for„和If it hadn’t been for„，其意为“若不是(有)” “要不是”。如：

If it weren’t for water, no plant could grow.要是没有水植物就无法生长。

If it hadn’t been for your assistance，we wouldn’t have succeeded.=But for your assistance，we wouldn’t have succeeded.=Without your assistance，we wouldn’t have succeeded.如果没有你的帮助，我们不会成功的。

4、If虚拟条件句的倒装形式，即把were, had, should置于句首。例：

Were I in school again(= If I were in school again), I would work harder.如果我能再上一次学，我会学习得更努力。

Had you asked me, I would have told you.(=If you had asked me,„)如果你问我，我会告诉你。

3第二类

使用虚拟语气的常见结构或从句：

1.*wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较：

（1）We hope they will come.(We don’t know if they can come.)

（2）We wish they could come.(We know they are not coming.)我们希望他们能来。

2.if only 与 I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与 wish后所接时态的情况相同：

If only she had had more courage!她再勇敢一些就好了。

If only I had listened to my parents!我要是当时听了父母的话就好了。

If only she would go with me!她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!

*if only 通常独立使用，没有主句。

3.lwould rather后句子用虚拟语气 只分现在和过去

在would rather, would sooner, would just as soon后的that从句中, 句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，表示“宁愿做什么”，具体用法为：

① 一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望

I’d rather you went tomorrow(now).我宁愿你明天(现在)去。

② 用过去完成时表过去的愿望

I’d rather you hadn’t said it.我真希望你没有这样说过。

4.las if(though)从句用虚拟语气

以as if(as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气,则与wish用法相同，例： He acts as if he knew me.他显得认识我似的。

They treat me as though I were a stranger.他们待我如陌生人。

He talks as if he had been abroad.他说起话来好像曾经出过国。

注：两点说明

(1)从句所表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实，也可用陈述语气：

It looks as if we’ll be late.我们似乎要迟到了。

(2)注意 It isn’t as if„的翻译：

It isn’t as if he were poor.他不像穷的样子(或他又不穷)。

4第三类

从句中should+动词原形，should可省略

1.在 lest，for fear that(以免),in case(以防)引导的目的状语从句中的虚拟语气

She walked quietly lest she(should)wake up her roommates.她走得很轻以免吵醒她的室友。

2.表应当做 值得做 一类动词后的宾语从句

建议advise, suggest, propose, recommend命令order, command请求ask, demand, require, request指示direct督促urge提议move, vote希望desire坚持insist打算intend安排arrange 例如：

I insisted that he(should)stay.我坚持要他留下。

He urged that they go to Europe.他督促他们到欧洲去。

He suggested that we shouldleave early.他建议我们早点动身。

He ordered that it(should)be sent back.他命令把它送回去。

I ask that he leave.我要求他走开。

He requires that I(should)appear.他要求我出场。

I move that we accept the proposal.我提议通过这项提案。

He arranged that I should go abroad.他安排我去国外。

She desires that he do it.她希望他做此事。

The general directed that the prisoners should be set free.将军指示释放那些俘虏。*suggest表“暗示”insist表“坚持认为”不用虚拟语气

比较：

He insisted that Ihad read his letter.他坚持说我看过他的信。

He insisted that I should read his letter.他坚持要我看他的信。

He suggested that we(should)stay for dinner.他建议我们留下吃饭。

I suggested that you had a secret understanding with him.我觉得你与他心照不宣。

3.order,suggestion,idea,plan, proposal, advice, demand等名词后的表语从句或同位语从句 Our suggestion is that you（should）be the first to go． 我们的建议是你应该第一个去。

4.*advice, agreement, command, decision, decree, demand, determination, indication, insistence, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement, stipulation, suggestion, idea, plan, order

l “It is(was)+ 紧急 重要--带感情色彩

上述demand/suggest等动词过去分词 或

important,natural,strange ,necessary，surprised, appropriate等形容词 后的主语从句

1.It is ordered that the army(should)get there by 4 a.m.2.It is necessary that she(should)be sent there at once.注：*It is necessary，important，strange，natural，advisable, anxious, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative(绝对必要), impossible, improper,obligatory, possible, preferable, probable, recommended, urgent, vital etc.；it is a pity；It is requested/suggested/desired/proposed

第四类

It’s time后的从句用虚拟语气从句谓语通常用过去式表示(早)该干某事了

*有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”(较少见，且should不能省略)

ex.It’s time we went [were going, should go].我们该走了。

It’s time I was in bed.我该上床睡了。(不用were)

It's time = It is(the very/high/right/about)time

第五类

表示祝愿话语中也可以用虚拟语气。

May godbless you.愿上帝保佑你。

May you enjoy many years of health and happiness.祝您健康长寿美满幸福。

第六类

在少数句型中，谓语用虚拟语气。

1）有that引导的句子（表示愿望或沮丧情绪）That the rain would stop.但愿雨能停下来。

2）由would that引导的句子（表示但愿）Would that he wear gone.但愿他已走掉。

3）由to think引导的句子（表示没想到）To think that I trusted him.没想到我竟然信了他。5 wish和as if

1.表示与现在事实相反的愿望

构成：主语 + wish(that)+ 从句主语 + 动词过去式（be 一律用were）

例如：I wish I knew everything in the world.我希望我知道世界上所有的事。

I wish that the experiment were a success.我希望这个实验是成功的。

We wish we had wings.我们希望有翅膀。

2.表示与过去事实相反的愿望

构成：主语 + wish(that)+ 从句主语 + would/could + have + 过去分词或had + 过去分词 例如：I wish that you had called yesterday.我希望你昨天来过。

I wish that I could have gone with you last night.我希望我昨晚能和你一起去。

I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I had been there.我没有去参加晚会，但是我真的希望我去过那里。

3.表示将来不大可能实现的愿望

构成：主语 + wish(that)+ 从句主语 + would/should/could/might + 原形动词

例如：I wish that he could try again.我希望他能再次尝试。

I wish that someday I should live on the moon.We wish that they would come soon.II.AS IF 引出的虚拟。

As if„.表好像„„我们经常会利用一下句型来表达不能实现的虚拟状态：It is as if„„。(就好象是„„)

As if + 从句，主句。（好像„„ Sb.+ do„）表达一种假设的条件。而 As if 之后的假设内容的语法结构和wish虚拟的结构一样。

L.33 A Day to Remember 中原句，“As if this were not enough to reduce you to tears, your husband arrives.” 就利用了和现在事实相反的假设虚拟。北京新东方名师指出，要善于总结出一些学习语法的技巧，如利用对比，举例等方法进行学习。

注：Something is to happened，I'm to face it。

6注意事项

使用虚拟条件句时要注意的几点：

1．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。如：

If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now, and you would graduate from a college in four years’ time.2．if 省略句在条件句中可省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首 , 变为倒装句式。如： If I were at school again, I would study harder.→ Were I at school again, I would study harder.If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus.→ Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus.If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.→ Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.注意：若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用动词的缩略形式。如：我们可以说：Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.但不能说：Weren't it for the expense, I would go abroad now.3．用介词短语代替条件状语从句。常用的介词有with, without, but for。如：

What would you do with a million dollars?(= if you had a million dollars)

We couldn't have finished the work ahead of time without your help.(= if we hadn't got your help)

But for the rain(= If it hadn't been for the rain), we would have finished the work.4．含蓄条件句

有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来代替条件句。

I was ill that day.Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet.(副词)He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.(连词)

A man who stopped drinking water would be dead in about seven days.（定语从句）I might have given you more help, but I was too busy.(连词)

Everything taken into consideration, they would have raiser their output quickly.(独立主格结构)

混合型与含蓄型虚拟语气

1。混合型虚拟语气：

当虚拟条件从句与结果主语所表达的时间不一致时，被称为“混合条件句”，这种虚拟语气被称为“混合型虚拟语气”，动词的形式要根据它所表达的时间作相应调整。如：

If you had followedthe doctor's advice ,he would be all right now.(条件从句表达的时间是过去，因此用had+过去分词；主句表示的时间是现在，因此用would+动词原形)

2.含蓄型虚拟语气：

有时候，虚拟条件不是通过if引导的条件句来表示，而是暗含在上下文中

（1）.用but for、without(如果没有）等来代替条件从句，如

Without electricity human life would be quite different=If there were no electricity ,human life would be quite different

(2)用otherwise、or(or else),even though等表示与上文的情况相反，从而引出虚拟语气。如： I lost your address.Otherwise,I would have visited you long before.=I lost your address.If I hadn't lost your address ,I would have visited you long before.(3)虚拟条件通过but暗示出来。如：

He would have given you more help,but he was too busy

他本来会给你更多的帮助，但是他太忙了。也就是说，如果那时他不忙，他可以给你更多的帮助。句中but he was too busy实际上暗示了一个虚拟条件——如果那时他不忙

He would lose weight,but he eats too much

他本来可以减肥的，但是他吃的太多了。也就是说，如果他吃得不多的话，他是可以减肥的。句中的but he eats too much实际上暗示了一个虚拟条件——如果他吃得不多