中级口译讲义

第一篇：中级口译讲义

中级口译讲义

口试“政治类”：

We established our friendly and cooperative relations on the understanding that we would develop our friendship on the basis of mutual respect and equality,and mutual benefit.//We believe that it is absolutely important that all nations ,big or small,strong or weak,should establish and maintain their relations on these principles.//We appreciate the interest and understanding that China has shown regarding the problems of small and developing countries.//We also appreciate China’s firm support in our economic development.//I look forward,in the next few days,to the opportunity of learning something from your experience on promoting economic and social development in the interest of your people.// 我们建立友好合作关系时是基于这样一种认识，即我们要在相互尊重和平等互利的基础上发展我们的友谊。//我们认为，所有国家，无论大小强弱，都应该在这些原则的基础上建立和维持相互间的关系，这是至关重要的。//我们赞赏中国关注和理解小国和发展中国家所遇到的问题，我们赞赏中国对我们经济发展的有力支持。//我期待在今后的几天里有机会向你们请教，学习你们为造福贵国人民而促进经济和社会发展的经验。// 2.(26)Mr.President,I wish to thank you for your very gracious and eloquent remarks.At this very moment through the wonder of telecommunications,many people are hearing what we say today.//Yes,right now the whole world is watching us.Though what we say here ill soon be forgoten,what we do here will change the world.//We have a social and political system which differs in many respects from your own.It is the result of different experiences and a different tradition.//Given our distinct histories,geographies and cultures,it is inconceivable that we could seee eye to eye on all issues.However,we do agree on the fundamental need for world peace.// 主席先生，我要感谢您那热情洋溢、雄辩无比的演讲。此时此刻，许多人正在通过神奇的电讯设备倾听着我们的讲话。//是的，此时此刻整个世界都在关注着我们。虽然我们在此所作的演讲很快便会被人们遗忘，但是我们在此的作为却能改变世界。//我国的社会制度和政治制度在许多方面都与贵国的社会制度和政治制度不同。这源于我们不同的经历和不同的传统。//鉴于我们有着截然不同的历史、地理和文化，很难想象我们会对所有问题都有一致的看法。但是对世界和平的基本需求，我们的看法是一致的。// 3.(33)I have come to China for the beautiful future of our two countries.I am firmly convinced that ,together,we two peoples can and will make tomorrow a better day.//We may be distinctly different in language,customs,and political beliefs,but on many vital questions of our time there is little distance between the American and Chinese people.//China’s economy advances with the dynamics of change.Unlike some governments,which fear change and fear the future,China is beginning to scale new 总部地址：工农路111号华辰大厦A座604 邮编：226000 电话：8522-0400 网址：www.xiexiebang.com

heights.//On behalf of all the members of my delegation,I’d like to express our highest respect for your courage and welcome the opportunity to walk by your side.// 我来中国是为了我们两国美好的未来。我坚信我们两国人民能够，也一定会共同建设美好的未来。//我们可以有两种截然不同的语言、习俗和政治信仰，但在我们这个时代的许多至关重要的问题上，我们两国人民之间几乎没有距离。//中国经济突飞猛进，日新月异。与一切惧怕变革，惧怕未来的国家不同，中国开始迈向新的高度。//我谨代表本代表团成员向你们所表现出的勇气致敬，并欢迎有此机会与你们并肩前进。// “旅游类”：

1.Bristol is a truly beautiful,interesting and fascinating city.Beautiful parks and gardens leak onto interesting lanes and footpaths,while houses and buildings of old times stand magnificently on the hills of the city.//But Bristol is much more than this;it is a modern city where the latest works in contemporary arts can be found and where the night-life is interesting and varied.//Bristol is surrounded by beautiful countryside,rolling hills,and top class holiday resorts.Some of the country’s most fascinating tourist attractions-castles and palaces-are only a short drive away.//Bristol has always envouraged the tourist industry and welcomed tourist from all parts of the world.There is a superb choice of acommodation available and the city is proud of its many restaurants and cafes.// 布里斯托尔的确是一座非常美丽、有趣和迷人的城市。美丽的公园和花园里到处是趣味盎然的路径，旧时代的房屋和建筑昂然挺立在城市的山坡上。//然而，布里斯托尔并非仅仅如此；那还是座现代化的城市，有当代艺术的最新作品，也有有趣和丰富多样的夜生活。//布里斯托尔的四周有美丽的乡村，起伏不断的山地，以及一流的度假胜地。从这里出发到一些全国最迷人的旅游景点，如城堡和宫殿，只有短短的一段车程。//布里斯托尔一向重视旅游业，欢迎来自世界各地的游客。当地有一流的住宿可供选择，还有其引以为豪的众多餐馆和咖啡馆。// 2.上海既是一座历史文化名城，也是当今中国最为繁荣的经济中心之一，成为人们向往的观光胜地。//上海为旅游者在各方面提供了良好的基础设施。在上海旅游，不仅方便愉快，而且安全舒适。//上海要长久吸引旅游者，就应该切实做好各项旅游服务工作，让游客获得宾至如归的服务。//我们希望而且相信，上海会使每一位旅游者流连忘返，“乐不思蜀”，给每一位旅游者留下了美好的回忆。// Shanghai,a famous historical and cultural city,and one of the most prosperous economic centers in China,has become a famous scenic spot that people look forward to visiting.//Shanghai provides tourists with a good infrastructure in every aspect.Touring in Shanghai is not only convenient and pleasant,but also safe and comfortable.//To maintain a lasting charm for tourists,Shanghai should earnestly do a good job in all kinds of tourist services to make them feel at home.//We hope and believe that Shanghai will make every tourist stay a longer time and become too 总部地址：工农路111号华辰大厦A座604 邮编：226000 电话：8522-0400 网址：www.xiexiebang.com

delighted to be homesick.A nice memory of the city will linger in the heart of every tourist.// 3.阳朔是个小镇，人口不足三万。它极富盛名，每年有成千上万的游客趋之若骛，从世界各地涌来。//1998年美国前总统比尔.克林顿来到这里，面对美不胜收的景致，不忍匆匆离去，以致推迟其香港之行。//阳朔最吸引人的地方就是板石街，又名“西洋街”。该街总长一千米，有一千四百一十年历史。//街道两旁有数百家商店，主要出售外国人喜欢的仿古制品和纪念品。徜徉小街，游人会惊喜地发现在这里东西方文明是如此的水乳交融。// Yangshuo is a small country of less than 30,000 people.Nevertheless,it is so famous that it woos thousands of tourists worldwide all the year round.//In 1998,former US president Bill Clinton came here and delayed his trip to Hong Kong because he was reluctant to leave such a lovely place too soon.//The most tempting place in Yanghuo is the Slabstone Street,which has gained a new name as “The Western Street”.The street,with a total length of 1,000 meters,spans a history of 1,410 years.//On both sides of the street are a few hundred shops,selling mainly souvenirs and antiques to(cater for)the foreigners’ tastes.Strolling on the street,tourists will be amazed to find that Eastern and Western culture blend so well here.// 口试“教育类”：

1.Some universities,like Oxford and Cambridge in Britain,are residential,which means students live and study on campus.Other universities are non-residential,which means students have to spend a lot of time to travel daily to their lectures.//There are also part-time students who have to do their work during the day,and they study in the evening.Other part-time students have to study by correspondence.//”The Open Universities”can also help students to gain university degrees.Here,lectures are mainly given on radio or television.However,for a few weeks each year,students can attend vacation courses at universities.//For admission to any university degree course,a student has to pass qualifying examinations.In Britain,there are not enough places for asll secondary school students,so these qualifying examinations are highly competitive.// 英国有些大学，如牛津和剑桥提供学生住宿，这就是说学生在校园里学习和生活。其他一些学校则不提供住宿，也就是说学生每天要花不少时间到学校去听讲座。//还有一些利用业余时间学习的学生，他们白天必须工作，晚上学习。还有些业余学生则不得不通过函授学习。//“开放大学”也能帮助学生取得大学学位，大学主要通过广播或电视播出讲座。但是每年有几个星期，学生能在大学里参加假期班的学习。//要想攻读任何大学学位课程，学生必须通过入学资格考试。由于在英国没有足够的名额让所有中学生进入大学，因此，这些入学考试具有很强的竞争性。// 2.Last year a research was carried out on the skills of university students.The findings confirm the worry of employers about the lack of basic skills in some university graduates.//The research showed that less than 20% of all university students achieves 总部地址：工农路111号华辰大厦A座604 邮编：226000 电话：8522-0400 网址：www.xiexiebang.com

the levels expected of them in the three key skills,that is,communication,the application of number and information technology.//Some teachers and experts have argued that there are two other key skills which the university students might be expected to show.These skills are to improve their own learning and to work with others.//If we add in these skills,the research showed that only about a dozen university students among nearly two hundred who were tested scored top marks,which is,of course,a very disappointing and uncomfortable figure.// 去掉开展了一次对大学生技能的调查研究。调查结果证实了雇主们对某些大学生缺乏基本技能这一现象的担忧。//调查显示只有不到20%的大学生在三项基本技能方面达到了预期的标准。这三项技能包括交际、数学以及(处理)信息技术。//有些老师和专家认为大学生还应该具备另外两项基本技能，那就是如何提高自己的学习能力和同他人共事的能力。//如果我们加上这两项技能，调查研究显示在接受测试的近200名大学生中，只有12名左右取得了高分，这个数字理所当然是令人十分失望和不安的。// 3.大多数人认为，书本和课本基本上是一回事，其实这种想法是完全错误的。//书本并不仅仅是指课本。如果我们仅仅通过课本去学习，这就意味着我们把自己局限于生活中很狭小的一个方面。//大多数教育专家都强调“终身学习”的重要性，认为继续教育的一个重要途径就是阅读各种书籍和报纸杂志。//他们指出，学习永无止境，是个连续不断的过程。每一个人都可以，也完全可以做到：活到老学到老。// It is a view held by most people that books and textbooks mean almost the same thing,which ,actually,is all wrong.//Books are not just textbooks,and if we only read textbooks,it means that we are concentrating only on one small aspect of life.//Most education experts stress the importance of life-long learning,thinking that an important way of continuing one’s education is by reading books,magazines,and newspapers on every subject.//They point out that education never ends.It is a continuous process.All of us may,and are entirely able to ,accomplish this kind of life-long education.The day we stop learning is the day when we die.4.松江大学城作为本市最大的大学社区，于昨日正式启用，迎接来自上海外国语大学、上海外贸学院及立信会计学院三所高校的5500名新生。//该大学城占地306公顷，其中240公顷用于教室等各类教学设施，其他用于寝室食堂和商店。整座大学城的建成将耗资25亿人民币。//松江大学城的建立，旨在使大学生得到全面、健康的发展，即每个学生都得以在德、智、体、美各个方面有所提高。//按计划，今年年底松江大学城将完成一批大型体育综合设施-包括运动场和体育馆。据市教育部门的官员说，这些设施能承担国际性的比赛。// Songjiang College Town,Shanghai’s first planned university community,officially opened yesterday,welcoming 5,500 freshmen from the three institutions of higher learning,that is,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai Institute of Foreign Trade and Lixin Accounting College.//The college town has an area of 306 hectares,of which 240 hectares will be developed for educational facilities such as the classrooms and rest for 总部地址：工农路111号华辰大厦A座604 邮编：226000 电话：8522-0400 网址：www.xiexiebang.com

dorms,cafeterias and stores.//The(setting-up of the)college town is to met the ducational objective that every student has an overall healthy development while studying in the town.That is,every student is given the best opportunity to grow morally,intellectually,physically and aesthetically.//Scheduled for completion at year’s end is a massive sports complex-with stadiums and gymnasium that can be used for international competitions,according to city education officials.// 口试“礼仪发言类”：

1.Your Honor Mr.Mayor,thank you very much for your extraordinary arrangements and hospitality.In the short period of the two week study tour,we have travelled much of your country.// Those were indeed exciting and unforgettable days.We have experienced the warm reception,the utmost courtesy and genuine friendship of the Chinese people.//

We have been deeply impressed by the diversity,dynamism,and progress of China under the policies of reform and opening up to the outside world.// We are glad that we are part of the dramatic process of your change from the planned economy to the market-oriented economy.The cooperative relations between our two countries have become so extensive that they have affected almost all areas of economy.//(2000,3)尊敬的市长先生，感谢您的精心安排与好客。在短暂的两周考察中，我们曾到过贵国的许多地方。// 那些日子确实别人激动，令人难忘。我们感觉到的总是中国人民的热情接待，彬彬有礼和诚挚友情。// 中国在改革开放政策引导下，气象万千，充满活力，不断进步，这些给我们留下了极为深刻的印象。// 贵国正处于一个由计划经济向市场经济转轨的过程，我们很高兴能参加与这个富有戏剧性的转轨过程。我们的合作关系领域广阔，几乎已涉及所有的经济领域。// 2.主席先生，女士们，先生们，我宣布英特网服务国际研讨会开幕，在此我向参加开幕式的各界来宾表示热烈的欢迎。// 英国和澳大利亚的有关公司与专家对本次研讨会的成功召开给予了很大的帮助，对此我谨致以诚挚的谢意。// 总部地址：工农路111号华辰大厦A座604 邮编：226000 电话：8522-0400 网址：www.xiexiebang.com

海外一些发达国家在推动英特网服务事业方面积累了不少经验，值得我们借鉴和学习，通过交流，我们可以得到更多的信息与体会。// 我相信，本次研讨会对于推动英特网在中国的广泛使用具有积极的作用和深远的意义。我预祝研讨会圆满成功。// Mr.Chairman,ladies and gentlemen,I declare open the International Symposium on Internet Service.I’d like to extend a warm welcome to our guests from various circles.// I wish to express our sincere thanks to the British and Australian companies and their specialists whose generous help has made possible the successful commencement of this symposium.// Some overseas developed countries have accumulated much experience in promoting Internet service.And their experience deserves our reference and study.Through exchange,we will be able to acquire more information and knowledge.// I believe the symposium will be constructive and significant in popularizing the use of Internet service in China.I wish the symposium a complete success.//

3.我谨代表我们一行的全体成员，感谢董事长先生的盛情邀请，参加你们的圣诞晚会。// 圣诞节确实是一年中的一段美好时光。圣诞团圆晚会是人类热情，团结，以及奉献的象征。// 今年庆祝圣诞节对我们所有人来说更有意义，因为今年我们的合资企业的销售有了显著增长。// 我希望我们能保持这种务实的合作关系，使明年的业绩更加辉煌。让我们共同举杯，为明年再创佳绩干杯。// On behalf of all the members of my group,I’d like to thank you,Mr.Chairman,for your gracious invitation for us to attend such an enjoyable Christmas party.// Christmas is really a wonderful time of a year.The christmas get-together party is symbolic of the warmth,union,and decication of mankind.// The celebration of Christmas this year is more meaningful to all of us,because our joint venture has had a remarkable sales growth this year.// 总部地址：工农路111号华辰大厦A座604 邮编：226000 电话：8522-0400 网址：www.xiexiebang.com

I hope we will be able to maintain this practical cooperative relationship and make the coming new year a more fruitful year.May I ask you to make a toast with me to a better business in the coming year.4.今晚，我们很高兴在北京大学两次接待我们的老朋友格林博士和夫人。//我代表学校的全体师生员工向格林博士和夫人以及其他新西兰贵宾表示热烈欢迎。//我相信格林博士这次对我校的访问，必将为进一步加强两校的友好合作关系作出重要的贡献。//明天，贵宾们将要赴南京和上海访问，我预祝大家一路旅途愉快。// It gives us great pleasure to play host tonight to our old friends,Dr.and Mrs.Green in Beijing University once again.//On behalf of the faculty ,students and staff of the university ,I wish to extend our warm welcome to Dr.and Mrs.Green and other distinguished New Zealand guests.//I am convinced that Dr.Green’s current visit to our university will surely make an important contribution to further strengthening the friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries.//Our distinguished guests will leave for Nanjing and Shanghai tomorrow.I wish you all a pleasant journey.// 要翻促进发展，一律promote development；要翻许多，通通many。诸如此类的词汇，被笔者称之为“滥词”，即被用到泛滥的词汇。

如果是追求反应速度和效率的口译部分，这样的译文当然没有问题。可是在时间充裕的笔译部分，这样的简单词汇无疑会令译文质量打上折扣。至少，无法让阅卷人眼前一亮，难获高分。

出于对以上问题的考虑，笔者总结了中高级口译考试汉英翻译题中出现频率最高的30个常用单词/词组的替换方案，以期帮助同学在短时间内积累一定的亮点词汇。

需要提醒同学们注意的有两点。一是各个亮点词汇绝不是被替换词的同义词，不可胡乱使用，其具体用法请自行查阅词典。如waste的替换词中，squander是动词，luxurious是形容词，用法完全不同。二是建议同学在此基础上继续自行积累，多多益善，方能在考场上厚积薄发。（1）give给，提供

offer，supply，provide，furnish，distribute，allocate（2）get得到

receive/accept，gain，acquire，obtain，attain，earn（3）many/much/a lot of/lots of许多 a large number of，a multitude of，plenty of an enormous amount/huge amounts of，a great/good deal of（4）poor贫穷的

poverty-stricken，destitute，impoverished（5）rich富有的

wealthy，well off，affluent，prosperous（6）certainly一定

inevitable，unavoidable，be doomed to，be bound to 总部地址：工农路111号华辰大厦A座604 邮编：226000 电话：8522-0400 网址：www.xiexiebang.com

（7）all所有，全部

universal，widespread，prevalent，whole，entire（8）enough足够

ample，sufficient，adequate（9）show显示，展现

indicate，demonstrate，illustrate，suggest，display，showcase（10）risk/danger危险

hazard，peril，jeopardize，endanger，menace（11）way方法，办法，手段

measure，method，means，approach（12）catch，attractive吸引，有吸引力的 obsess，immerse，fascinate，enchant charming，inviting，alluring，appealing（13）harm/damage破坏（的），有害（的）

destructive，devastating，detrimental，undermine（14）useful/helpful有用的

effective，practical，valuable，invaluable，conducive（15）great/wonderful伟大的

incredible，amazing，sublime，extraordinary，magnificent，glorious（16）try，effort努力

endeavor，strive to do sth/for sth（17）famous著名的

well-known，celebrated，noted，eminent，renowned（18）difficulty困难，困境

adversity，hardship，plight，predicament setback，hurdle，obstacle（19）focus on集中 center on，concentrate on（20）so所以

consequently，therefore，as a result（21）because因为

as a result of；attribute/ascribe A to B（22）press(ure)压力

place/put a(heavy)burden on；strain（23）about大约

approximately，roughly（24）cooperate合作

Collaborate，join hands in doing sth（25）waste浪费（的）Squander，fritter，luxurious（26）save/economical节约（的）Thrifty，conserve 总部地址：工农路111号华辰大厦A座604 邮编：226000 电话：8522-0400 网址：www.xiexiebang.com

（27）develop发展

Thrive，evolve，burgeon（28）promote促进

Boost，give a boost to，accelerate（29）delay，postpone暂缓，延期 shelve（30）deal with应对，处理

Cope w ith，grapple with，address，tackle 需要提醒同学们注意的有两点。一是各个亮点词汇绝不是被替换词的同义词，不可胡乱使用，其具体用法请自行查阅词典。如choose/choice的替换词中，opt是动词，alternative是名词，用法完全不同。

二是建议同学在此基础上继续自行积累，多多益善，方能在考场上厚积薄发。

31、Increase增加

Hike，soar；multiply

32、Reduce减少

Lower，Shrink，slash，trim

33、brave勇敢的，大胆的Audacious，bold

34、careful谨慎的，仔细的Cautious；meticulous；vigilant

35、interest兴趣

intrigue

36、sad悲伤，哀痛

lament for/over，mourn

37、happy，glad高兴，快乐

delighted

38、replace代替

Substitute，supplant

39、want想要

be eager/keen/anxious to do，long/yearn for sth/to do sth，desire for，aspire to do sth 40、ability能力，才能

Capacity，capability；flair，talent

41、ease减轻，减缓，减弱

Alleviate；relieve；wane

42、plan计划

strategy，program，scheme，work/figure out

43、understand理解

Fathom，grasp

44、people人民

citizen，general public，average/ordinary people

45、cause导致，引起

lead to；result in；lead to；give rise to；trigger；contribute to sth 总部地址：工农路111号华辰大厦A座604 邮编：226000 电话：8522-0400 网址：www.xiexiebang.com

arouse，inspire，spur

46、come from源自于

originate/stem/spring/derive from

47、choose/choice选择

Opt for/to do；alternative

48、fight against打击，斗争

Counter，Battle against；Crack down on；clamp down(hard)on

49、suffer from遭受

Endure，be plagued by，be subject to；be vulnerable to 50、face面对

Confront；be confronted with；brave

51、Different不同，差异

Distinct，separate；at odds with

52、same相同，相等，一致

Identical，equivalent，be consistent with，tally with

53、criticize批评

Lambast；slam sb for doing sth

54、strength加强，强化

Intensify；cement

55、change改变，变化，改动

Alter，vary；adjust

56、organization组织，单位

Outfit

57、prevent/stop阻止，禁止

forbid，prohibit，hinder，curb

58、begin/start开始，着手

embark on；launch，initiate

59、finish/complete完成

accomplish，fulfill，achieve，complete 60、completely/fully完全，十足，彻底

Entirely，thoroughly，utterly，outright

总部地址：工农路111号华辰大厦A座604 邮编：226000 10

电话：8522-0400

www.xiexiebang.com 网址：

第二篇：中级口译口试讲义(新东方)

中级口译口试讲义

主讲：朱巧莲

第一章

口译综述

一、口试部分简介

1、常见选题

①选择性、辩论性话题

②热点问题：西部大开发、北京申奥等 ③校园文化话题

④社会现象、成功、快乐、国家政策等

2、口语应试技巧

①多与英美国家人士交流、沟通 ②通过原版外片提高语感 ③背诵好的演讲稿

④阅读报纸，提高词汇量，充实知识量 ⑤平日进行作文练习

3、口语考试常见问题： ①因为紧张忘记事先准备的例子 ②表达不流利

4、口译考试介绍

二、口译实考体验口译基本功

1、考生具备较高语言水平

2、丰富词汇量、流利的表达

3、准确的发音

4、较高的文化修养

5、很好的心理素质

6、很强的记忆力

7、较强的理解力、分析力、应变能力

中外合资是一种互补互惠的合作关系。外国在华投资可以最大限度地发挥各自的优势。

A Sino-foreign joint venture is a mutually complementary and beneficial partnership.Foreign investment in China can maximize the strengths of both parties concerned.我国幅员辽阔、资源丰富、劳动力低廉、消费市场潜力大。此外我们还有稳定的政治社会环境和优惠的投资政策。

Our country has massive land, abundant resources, cheap labor and a potential consumer market, in addition to the stable political and social environment and favorable investment policies.发达国家有雄厚的资金、先进的技术和管理知识。投资兴办合资企业时，外方可以提供资金、机械、技术和管理方法。

Developed countries have sufficient funds, advanced technology and managerial expertise.When establishing a joint venture, a foreign partner may bring into the cooperative business capital funds, machinery, advanced technology and management.中方可以提供土地、劳工和部分资金。应该说，这种投资方法对合作双方来说，具有丰厚的经济回报率。

The Chinese partner, on the other hand, may supply land, labor and a portion of the funds.Therefore, this type of investment is supposed to yield fat economic returns for both parties in the partnership.三、近年中口考试特点

1、课本内容仅占1/4，其余内容来自口译实例。

2、英译汉部分较难。

3、汉译英通常都可以听懂，但考生翻译时往往出现词汇量匮乏的问题。

4、注重平日口译技能的综合培养。

口译技能：听力理解词汇量记笔记表达能力《中级口译考试备考精要》上海新东方

考场描述：

My name is … My Registration number is 0509000123.My topic today is…

四、口译的概述和定义

What is interpretation? Interpretation is an extempore oral reproduction, in one language, of what is said in another language.The most widely-used forms of interpretation Interpretation may assume either of the following two forms: consecutive interpretation(CI)and simultaneous interpretation(SI).In SI, well-equipped booths are necessary.Interpretation Process

理解---------记忆----------再现（表达）理解是关键

Interpretation criterion

Faithful to the original message and smooth in the target language.准、顺、快

口译课的目标

1、To better students’ English;发音要改善，口语要流利，听力要提高，词汇要扩大

2、To introduce and practice interpretation skills(not tips);STM Note-taking Paraphrasing

3、To enlarge students’ scope of knowledge, including LK, ELK 课本的使用

《英语中级口译资格证书考试中级口译教程第二版》梅德明《英语高级口译全真试题集》新东方《中级口译备考精要》

新东方

（注：教师讲解过程中涉及到的文章已经全部收录在网络课堂的电子讲义中）

An Intermediate Course of Interpretation by Prof.Mei Deming as mainline textbook;We won’t deal with each text, though.We will be looking at the important stuff in the book: sentence structures and vocabulary.第二章礼仪性口译

《英语中级口译资格证书考试中级口译教程第二版》梅德明

注：教师讲课过程中涉及到的全部课本内容，已经完整收录在我们的电子讲义中。

一、vocabulary work词汇预热一 world-renowned 世界闻名 diversity 多样化 dynamism 充满活力 a special regard 特殊的敬意 nostalgic 怀旧的、思乡的 memorable 值得回忆的 utmost courtesy 非常的礼貌 extensive 广泛的

overshadow 使„„黯然失色 non-governmental sector 民间组织 foundations 基金会 mutual benefit 互惠互利 good faith 良好的诚意

strategic relationship

战略关系 flourish

兴旺繁荣

mutual 的搭配

mutual 可以和这些词搭配

mutual respect/benefit/understanding mutual trust/confidence/courtesy(礼尚往来)

mutual equality/complementarity our mutual friend 我们共同的朋友 mutual aid 互助

mutual promise 相互的约定 by mutual consent 双方同意 mutual affection 相爱

二、Expressing Thanks

Permit me first to thank you, our Chinese hosts, for your extraordinary arrangements and hospitality.My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply grateful.首先，请允许我感谢中国东道主的精心安排与好客，我夫人与我，以及代表团的全体人员，都深为感激。

Thank you very much for your kind words of welcome.This is a happy and memorable occasion for me personally as well as for the members of my delegation.我非常感谢阁下的友好欢迎辞，对我本人以及代表团所有成员来说，这是愉快而难忘的一天。

In closing, may I say again how delighted and privileged we are to be in your country.We are deeply grateful for what you have done for us since our arrival in your country.在我结束讲话之前，我想再说一遍，我们来贵国作客是多么的愉快和荣幸。对于我们抵达贵国后你们为我们所做的一切，我们深表感谢。

On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music.我谨代表在座的所有的同事，对你们那独有的、著称于世的款待表示感谢。我不仅要感谢特别感谢为我们准备晚宴的人们，而且还要特别感谢演奏优美音乐的人们。

表示感谢的常用形式 On behalf of…

for your kind invitation(to visit China / to this fair.)/kind hospitality /warm welcome /for giving this grand banquet./for inviting us to such a marvelous dinner tonight.1.I' d like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my earnest gratitude for your help.我愿借此机会向你们的帮助表示衷心的感谢。

2.I should like to express my heartfelt gratitude for your gracious reception and hospitality.我愿向你们盛情的接待与款待表示衷心的感谢。

3.Please accept our sincere thanks for your kind invitation.请接受我们对你友好邀请的真诚感谢。

4.Thank you very much for giving me such an excellent opportunity to visit this beautiful city and work with you.非常感谢你们给我这个极好的机会让我来访问这个美丽的城市并和你们共事。

5.I am very happy to have this second chance of joyful gathering with you.我非常高兴和你们再次相聚。

6.I would like to thank Sir Broers, Vice-Chancellor, for the invitation, which brings me to the famous Cambridge University.非常感谢布鲁尔斯校长的邀请，使我来到久负盛名的剑桥大学。

三、which从句

This is basically a correct observation, which says something about the American way of life.这种看法基本上是正确的，它反映了美国人的生活方式。

Greyhound is the largest long distance coach company, which offers the monthly pass.“灰狗”汽车公司是美国最大的长途汽车公司，有月票出售。

Those were happy days.They were good days, important days.We were part of the dramatic process which brought us back together and set us on the road to a genuine friendly and cooperative relationship.我们参与了那富有戏剧性的转变过程，它使我们重新走到一起，使我们踏上了通往建立一种真诚友好与合作关系的道路。

My visit is a symbol of the good faith with which we seek to build up the strength of our friendship, our cultural and commercial ties and our important strategic relationship.我的访问是良好诚意的象征，我们怀着这种良好诚意，希望能在友谊的基础上建立文化和商业关系，建立重要的战略关系。

On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.我谨代表我在座的所有同事，对你们那独有的、著称于世的款待表示感谢。

So, let us start a long march together on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peace and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity and in which each nation, large or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, its own course of development, free of outside interference or domination.所以，让我们沿着通往共同目标的不同的道路，一起开始新的长征。这个目标就是建立一个和平与正义的世界，在这个世界里所有人都可以站在一起享有同等的尊严，所有国家无论其大小，都有权决定自己的政府形式，选择自己的发展道路，而不受外来干涉或统治。

In that spirit, I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to the friendship and cooperation of our two peoples which can lead to friendship and peace for all peoples in the world.本着这种精神，我敬请各位与我一起举杯，为我们两国人民之间的友谊与合作干杯，这种友谊与合作能够带给全世界人民友谊与和平。

四、口译实考题分析

I wish to take this opportunity to thank you on behalf of all my colleagues for your warm reception and hospitality.// 我愿借此机会，谨代表我所有的同事们，对你们热情的迎接和款待表示感谢。

The past five days in China have been truly pleasant and enjoyable and most memorable.在中国度过的这五天，令人愉快，难以忘怀。I particularly want to pay tribute to our Chinese partners for their sincere cooperation and support in concluding these agreements.我特别要称颂我们的中国合作者，他们的真诚合作与支持使这项协议得以签署。

May I ask all of you present here to join me in raising your glasses, to the lasting friendship and cooperation between our two companies.我敬请各位与我一起举杯，为我们两家公司的永久友谊和合作而干杯。

五、vocabulary work词汇预热二

Your Excellency 阁下

cradle of civilization 文明的摇篮 renew old friendship 重温旧情 establish new contacts 结交新友

a constant source of encouragement 不断的鼓舞 in the pursuit of 追求

a common aspiration 共同的愿望 endeavor＝try in the service of 造福于

in closing 最后 privileged 荣幸的

propose a toast 提议„„干杯 cheers 干杯称呼

Ladies and gentlemen

Your Excellency, My Chinese friends Respected Mr.chairman, ladies and gentlemen Mr.president

“ Your Excellency, Mr.Minister,” Less formally, one may address government officials as: “Mr.8 Director,” “Mr.Minister, ” “Mr.President, ” related other expressions: Your/His/Her majesty

Your/His/Her Highness/ Excellency/Royal Highness Your/His/Her Honor/ Excellency /Madam Mr.Smith, Ladies and Gentlemen, Mr.and Mrs.Smith(“Dr.and Mrs.Green” if applicable)

六、招待口译常用句型、搭配

1、称呼常用搭配 gracious invitation on the basis of mutual respect and equality, and mutual benefit;warm welcome generous/incomparable hospitality extraordinary arrangement(精心安排)peace, stability and prosperity

2、英语的名词转换成汉语的动词

We, therefore, welcome the interest and understanding that China has shown regarding the problems of and positions taken by small and developing countries.China’s support is a constant source of encouragement to us in the pursuit of the goals of developing and maintaining the independence of our country.我们因而欢迎中国关注和理解小国和发展中国家所遇到的问题以及所持的立场。中国的支持始终鼓励着我们追求发展与保持我国独立的立场。

I look forward, in the next few days, to the opportunity of learning something from your endeavour and experience in promoting economic and social development in the service of your people.我期待着在今后的几天里有机会向你们学习，从你们为造福人们而促进经济和社会发展的奋斗和经验中学到一些东西。

I’d like to take this opportunity to extend to Your Excellency an invitation to visit my country, so that we will have an opportunity to return the warm welcome and generous hospitality you extended to us.我愿意借此机会邀请阁下访问我国，以便我们能有机会回报你们给予我们的热情欢迎和盛情款待。

3、祝酒

May I propose a toast To the health of Your Excellency, To the health of all the Chinese friends, Cheers!现在由我祝酒为阁下的身体健康，为所有中国朋友的身体健康，干杯！

May I ask you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two cities.Now I would like to invite you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two cities.Ladies and Gentlemen, allow me to propose a toast.With the wine of the host, I request you all to raise your glasses and drink to the health of Smith!

4、实战练习

Thank you very much for your gracious speech of welcome.China is one of the earliest cradles of civilization and a visit to this ancient civilization has long been my dream.我非常感谢您热情友好的欢迎词。中国是最古老的文明摇篮之一，访问这个文明古国是我多年梦寐以求的愿望。

This visit will give me an excellent opportunity to meet old friends and establish new contacts.这次访问给与我一次极好的机会拜访老朋友，结交新朋友。I wish to say again that I am so delighted and privileged to visit your great country and this lovely town.我为自己能访问伟大的贵国和这座美丽的城市，再次表达我的愉快之情和荣幸之感。

I am deeply grateful for everything you have done for me since my arrival in China.我对您为我到达贵国后所作的一切安排深表谢意。

第三章中国传统文化

一、“传统节日”单词预热 vocabulary work 烹调 cooking cuisine 鱼肉满架 well stocked with fish and meat 象征意义 symbolic significance 农历 lunar calendar 阳历 solar calendar 端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 元宵节 Lantern Festival 清明节 Pure Brightness Day 重阳节 Double Ninth Day 放逐 be exiled 忠臣 loyal minister 糯米粽子 glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves 祭祀亡灵 in memory of sb.龙舟比赛 dragon boat races 中秋节 Mid Autumn Festival 满月 full moon 月饼 moon cake 蜜饯 preserved fruits 豆沙 bean paste 11 蛋黄 egg yolk 海鲜 seafood 家禽 poultry 饺子 dumplings 八宝饭 eight treasure rice 米羹 rice balls 油条 fried sticks 麻花 fried twisted stick 炒面 Chaomian 叉烧包 steamed bun with roast pork 粥 porridge 芋头 taro 葱油饼 pan-fried cake with sesame seeds and green onion 有关春节的常用词放鞭炮 let off firecrackers 耍龙灯 play the dragon lantern 耍狮子 play the lion dance 拜年 pay a new-year call

二、有关“介绍”的翻译 

 我很高兴向各位介绍中国的主要传统节日。

I am very happy to have the opportunity to talk to you about major traditional Chinese holidays.

 表示“介绍情况”时，我们可以这样翻译： 1.to share with you brief information 在此，我愿意向朋友们介绍这些方面的情况。

I'd like to share with you brief information in this respect.2.to brief you on 借此机会，我愿意向各位朋友介绍中国加入世贸组织和参与经济全球化的有关情况。

 I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to brief you on China's accession to WTO and participation in economic globalization.3.to give a brief account of 我简单介绍我厂的情况。

Let me, first of all, give you a brief account of this factory.在来宾们参观我校之前，请允许我简要介绍一下我校的概况。

Before you start to look around, I would like to give you a brief account of our school.4.to tell us how/what 请主席先生介绍一下中国农村扶贫运动的情况。

Will Mr.Chairman tell us how the anti-poverty drive is going on in China? 5.to show you 我想向您介绍一下我们初步拟定的活动日程。I would like to show you our tentative itinerary.6.to provide sb.with some information 借此机会，向各位介绍上海经济发展和开展国际经贸交往的一些情况。I’d like to take this opportunity to provide you with some information about Shanghai’s economic development and its foreign trade.7.share a piece of my mind 



















三、实考题分析

中国的传统节庆膳食除了在数量和质量上与平时有所不同之外，一些历史悠久、具有象征意义的食物也是节日必不可缺的伴侣。

Traditional holiday meals are different from everyday meals in terms of quantity and quality.In addition, some foods with a long history and symbolic significance are indispensable on these occasions.例如，我国的端午节是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子。

For example, on the Dragon Boat Festival, a day set aside in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan, people will hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, a kind of glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves.13 中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。

The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon.The round moon is a symbol for completeness, and family reunion.The special food of the day is the yuebing, a round moon cake.春节是中国的农历新年，除了常见的海鲜、家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统菜肴，如饺子和年糕。

The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday.In addition to the popular seafood, poultry and meat, people will prepare traditional food, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the year cake according to their regional custom.四、“武术”单词预热 vocabulary work 武术

martial art 武术宫 martial art palace 健身 bodybuilding 减肥 lose weight 填写登记表 fill in a form 会员卡 membership card 古代格斗术 form of combat习武 practice martial art 中国武术协会 Chinese Martial Arts Association 扣人心弦的表演 thrilling performance 杂技 acrobatics 顶尖/身怀绝技/无懈可击的 top/first-rate/ 武林高手 professional martial artist warrior, sumono, knight, errant, martial artist, swordsman

单句翻译练习：

武术又称功夫，在中国已经有1000年历史了。

Wushu, known as Kongfu or martial arts, has a history of a thousand years in China.中国的劳动人民练习武术以强身健体和自我保护，武术至今仍大受欢迎。

The working people in China practice Wushu for physical training and self-defense and Wushu is still immensely popular today.中国武术还引起了外国人的兴趣，在全世界不少国家，都有人学习武术。

Chinese Wushu has also aroused interest among foreigners and is taught in many countries throughout the world.练习武术有各种各样的固定套路，有的要赤手空拳，有的要拿武器。

Wushu is practiced in various types of set exercises, either bare-handed or with weapons.武术是中国特有的民族运动，它可以锻炼身体，培养意志力，训练打斗技巧。

A unique Chinese national sport, Wushu builds strong bodies, steels the willpower and gives training in fighting skills.五、实考题分析

欢迎光临上海武术中心。在这里您可以健身、减肥、结交朋友，以及了解中国文化。

Welcome to Shanghai Martial Arts Center.Here you can do exercise to build up your body, reduce your weight, make new friends, as well as learn about Chinese culture.我们的武术协会还为各位来宾准备了精彩的节目。除了武术表演，您还可以观赏京剧节目和杂技表演。

In addition, our Martial Art Association has prepared some fabulous programes for our visitors.You can watch martial art performances, Peking Opera and acrobatic shows.倘若您想亲身体验一下中国武术，我们可以派一流的教师进行团体或个别指导。If you want to get some personal experience with Chinese martial arts, we have first class teachers for individual or group training.我们的武术专卖店出售有关中华武术的图书资料、录像带和激光视盘。满足您的需要是本中心的服务宗旨。

Our martial art store sells books, video tapes and VCDs on Chinese martial arts.To meet your need is the purpose of our service.六、传统文化词汇补充

气功

controlled breathing exercise 春联

spring couplet 剪纸

paper-cut 戏剧脸谱

theatrical mask 国画

traditional Chinese painting 中药

TCM 单口相声

monologue comic talk 对口相声

witty dialogue;comic cross talk 马戏

circus performance 传说

legend 神话

mythology 寓言

fable 二十四节气

the twenty-four solar terms 四大发明：

火药

gunpowder 印刷术

movable type printing 造纸术

paper making 指南针

compass

四书：

大学

The Great Learning 中庸

The Doctrine of the Mean 论语

The Analects of Confucius 孟子

the Mencius 孙子兵法

The art of War 三国演义

Three Kingdoms 西游记

Journey to the West

Monkey King 红楼梦

Dream of the Red Mansions

Story of the Stone 水浒传 Outlaws of the Marsh

All men are brothers 诗经

The Book of Songs 书经

The Books of History 易经

I Ching The Book of Changes 礼记

The Book of Rites 孝经

Book of Filial Piety 三字经

three word chant 八股文

stereotyped writing 重要文化遗产

major cultural heritage

第四章

实考题分析

一、口语题目范文分析

Good Health As a popular saying goes: “Health is better than wealth.” Good health enables one to enjoy his life and achieve what he hopes for in his career.On the other hand, poor health tends to deprive one of his interest in everything around him.Therefore, health is indispensable to one’s happy life.There are many ways, I think, which can help to build up one’s health.In the first place, those who always work from morning till night should find time to relax because too much stress can lead to poor performance and ill health.Secondly, if one wants to keep healthy, he must give up the habits that damage his health.Finally, regular exercises are essential for a healthy mind and body.To the best of my knowledge, there is nothing more healthful than a brisk walk in the morning.Personally, I like running in the morning.And I have benefited a lot of from it.My health condition is getting better and better.So I will persist in doing so in the future.这篇口语表述中运用到的技巧：

1、引用谚语

2、使用常用短语和句型

3、作比较

4、使用关联词

5、用明确的词表明自己的观点

6、用自己举例子

7、常用的序数词

小贴士：口语阐述时最好能加上自己的亲身经历

二、口译实考练习

三、口译实考分析英译汉 Passage 1: In terms of its impact on our society, I think AIDS will certainly be the number one serious public-health hazard going into the next century.//

从对我们社会所造成的影响这个角度来看，我认为艾滋病必定是我们进入下一世纪的头号健康大敌。

AIDS ：Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome

Among all the ways and means, a massive educational campaign is the only thing conceivable at the moment that can really help.// 在所有措施中，开展大规模的教育活动是目前唯一行之有效的办法。

Some people argue that a nationwide, or worldwide, educational campaign on AIDS awareness is difficult, expensive and therefore impossible.I think their argument is groundless.// 有些人认为，在全国范围或全世界范围开展提防艾滋病的教育活动难度大，代价高，因而无法实施。我认为这种观点是毫无根据的。

We'll have to convince people that they're better of knowing than not knowing the fact, because they can take actions, treat the problem and control AIDS infection with appropriate drugs.我们应该使人们相信，了解实际情况总比蒙在鼓里好，因为了解实情后我们便可以行动起来，共同研讨这一问题，并可以用适当的药物来控制疾病的传染。参考书录《中高级口译口试备考精要》

Passage 2: People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable, without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it.// 不同文化背景的人在一起有时会做出一些令对方感到不舒服的事，他们并非故意要这样做，有时甚至连自己也未察觉。

Most Americans are usually spontaneous, friendly and open, and enjoy meeting new people, having guests and ringing people together formally or informally.// 大多数美国人通常天真、率直，友好坦率，喜欢结识人，欢迎客人来访，愿意召集正式的或非正式的聚会。

They tend to be informal and speak freely.So if your American hosts do something that makes you uncomfortable, try to let them know how you feel.They will appreciate your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again.//

美国人往往不拘礼节，说话毫无拘束。所以要是你的美国主人做出了使你感到不舒服的事，你应该设法让他们知道你的感受。他们会喜欢你的诚实态度，尽量不再做你不喜欢的事。

Sometimes Americans are said to be superficially friendly.Perhaps it seems so.Just like anywhere else, it takes time to become real friends with people in the United States.有时美国人的友善会被视为一种表面现象。或许看上去确实是这么一回事。同其他地方一样，与美国人结成真正的朋友是需要一段时间的。

补充：文化差异方面的口译练习

Much business in the United States is conducted on the telephone.The average businessman spends much of his time on the telephone making business contacts.在美国许多生意都是通过电话谈的。一般的生意人都花很多时间打电话，接洽生意。

However, it usually will not be convenient to make initial contracts between Chinese and U.S.businesses by telephone.但是，中国公司和美国公司通过电话商讨初步协议通常很不方便。

Although Americans have a reputation for making quick decisions, this is not always true when a corporation is involved in a major venture or a large project.Therefore, you should also be prepared for lengthy negotiations.虽然美国人享有决策果断的声誉，但是，在公司着手进行主要或重大项目时，决策并非总是果断的。因此，你也要做好准备进行冗长的谈判。

四、口译实考分析汉译英

Passage 1: 中餐桌上最神奇、最有特色的用餐工具莫过于筷子。几千年来我们中国人一直视筷子为一种最简单同时也是最有效的用餐工具。

No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than the chopsticks.For thousands of years we Chinese have always regarded chopsticks the simplest possible and the most efficient tool for meals.关于筷子的用料，其种类各有不同，选材包括竹子、木材、玉石、象牙、塑料、金银等。Chopsticks can be made of a variety of materials, including bamboo, wood, jade, ivory, plastic, gold and silver and so on.对于西方人来说，掌握用筷的方法和技巧在开始时也许难度很大，但是只要有耐心，用心去练，不久便可以熟练地使用筷子享用中餐。

For Westerners, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be quite challenging at the beginning.But as long as you have patience and concentrate on practice, you will soon be able to use chopsticks skillfully enough to enjoy a Chinese meal.如果想享用一顿真正意义上的中餐，那么花时间耐心学习用筷技艺不仅很有必要，而且也很有趣。

If you want to enjoy a Chinese meal in the real sense, it is not only necessary, but also very interesting, to spend some patient time learning to acquire the skills of using chopsticks.Passage 2：

中国是一个多民族国家，具有经济发展不平衡的特点。在这块辽阔的土地上，人们使用多种语言和方言。

China is a multi-national country featuring unbalanced economic development, In the vast territory, different languages ad various dialects are used.//

几十年来，政府一直号召推广普通话，作为标准汉语，但在相当多的人口中，普通话还未能成为日常使用的交流工具。

Even though the government has called for popularization of Mandarin as the standard Chinese language for decades, it has not become the daily-use communication tool among a considerable number of the people.//

这显然阻碍了经济发展与社会进步。毫无疑问，推广和提倡使用普通话对加快中国改革开放的步伐是举足轻重的。

This obviously hinders economic development and social progress.Undoubtedly the popularization and promotion of Mandarin is vital to speeding up China's reform and opening up drive.//

这样做，将有助于提高汉语信息管理技术，因此，符合全体中国人民的根本利益。It will help improve the technology of information management in Chinese.Therefore, it is the basic interests of all Chinese.20

补充有关餐桌礼仪的句子翻译

中国人吃饭用筷子，西方人则用餐刀、餐叉。有些人会用筷子，但大多数人则不行，所以在西方客人摆餐具时，筷子旁边再摆上刀叉是很明智的做法。

Chinese eat with chopsticks while most of the westerners eat with knives and forks.Some westerners may be quite good at using chopsticks, but most of them are not, therefore when setting a table at which westerners are entertained, it is always advisable to place knives and forks along side the chopsticks.中国的宴席，把菜肴摆在餐桌中央。西方人则不习惯把手伸得老长，满桌子挥舞。然而，中国人的习惯就是各人从餐桌中央菜盘子里夹菜。所以，宴请外国客人时，这一点应该向他们讲明白。

At Chinese dinner parties, the dishes are usually placed in the middle of the table.Westerners are not used to reaching for something over the table.But in China, it is usual to help oneself to the food placed at the center of the table.So when we entertain foreign guests, we should explain such table manners to them.中国人请客，主人总是不断往客人的盘子里夹菜。这使外国客人觉得非常尴尬。即便是不喜欢的菜品，他也得吃下去，因为在西方，把食物剩在盘子里是极不礼貌的行为。At a Chinese dinner, the host always puts more food on to the guest's plate.That often makes a foreign guest feel very awkward.He has to eat the food even if he doesn't feel like it, because it is considered bad manners in the west to leave one's food on the plate.与此相反，一个中国人出席，比方说，一个美国人举行的宴会，他常常辞谢递给他的食物或饮料。虽然他其实还饿着或渴着。这在中国可能是礼貌之举。

On the contrary, a Chinese sits at, say, an American’s dinner party, he very often refuses the offer of food or drinks though in fact he is still hungry or thirsty.This might be good manners in China, but it is definitely not in the West.五、中国国情的翻译内容补充

经过半个多世纪的艰苦努力，特别是二十多年的改革开放，中国已迈入全面建设小康社会的发展新阶段。

After over half a century of strenuous efforts, more than two decades of reform and opening-up in particular, China has now entered a new stage of development aimed at building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way.但中国仍然是一个发展中国家，人口多、底子薄是中国的基本国情。中国实现自身发展的道路依然艰苦而漫长。

However, China is still a developing country, large population and inadequate economic development remain its basic national conditions.It has a long way to go before achieving its development goals.21 中华人民共和国是全国人民共同缔造的统一的多民族国家。迄今为止，中国有56个民族。

Compared with the Han nationality, China’s other 55 ethnic groups have a relatively small population, thus they are customarily referred to as ethnic minorities.1990年中国进行了第四次人口普查，据统计，在全国总人口中，汉族人口约占92%，少数民族人口占8%。

According to the fourth national census conducted in 1990, the Han nationality accounts for 92 percent of the country’s total population, and minority ethnic groups account for 8 percent.在长期的历史发展过程中，中华民族这个大家庭中的各族人民经过融合和迁移，形成了今天的分布格局。

During China’s long history of development, the people of various nationalities in China migrated and mingled, which eventually brought about today’s distribution.六、口译考试备考方式

1、充分利用口译教程

2、复习过程中注意句式的把握，特别注意课本中术语、套词、句式的记忆

3、眼睛、嘴巴、手三者兼顾

4、多看口译的案例

第三篇：中级口译口试讲义（最终版）

中级口译口试讲义

第一章

口译综述

一、口试部分简介

1、常见选题

①选择性、辩论性话题

②热点问题：西部大开发、北京申奥、上海世博、经济萧条等 ③校园文化话题

④社会现象、成功、快乐、国家政策等

2、口语应试技巧

①多与英美国家人士交流、沟通 ②通过原版外片提高语感 ③背诵好的演讲稿

④阅读报纸，提高词汇量，充实知识量 ⑤平日进行作文练习

3、口语考试常见问题： ①因为紧张忘记事先准备的例子 ②表达不流利

4、口译考试介绍

中级口译口试讲义

二、口译实考体验口译基本功

1、考生具备较高语言水平

2、丰富词汇量、流利的表达

3、准确的发音

4、较高的文化修养

5、很好的心理素质

6、很强的记忆力

7、较强的理解力、分析力、应变能力

中外合资是一种互补互惠的合作关系。外国在华投资可以最大限度地发挥各自的优势。

三、近年中口考试特点

1、课本内容仅占1/4，其余内容来自口译实例。

2、英译汉部分较难。

3、汉译英通常都可以听懂，但考生翻译时往往出现词汇量匮乏的问题。

4、注重平日口译技能的综合培养。

口译技能：听力理解词汇量记笔记表达能力《中级口译考试备考精要》上海新东方《中级口译历年考试真题解析》考场描述：

My name is … My Registration number is 0509000123.My topic today is…

四、口译的概述和定义

理解---------记忆----------再现（表达）理解是关键

Interpretation criterion

Faithful to the original message and smooth in the target language.准、顺、快

中级口译口试讲义

口译课的目标

1、To better students’ English;发音要改善，口语要流利，听力要提高，词汇要扩大

2、To introduce and practice interpretation skills(not tips);STM Note-taking Paraphrasing

3、To enlarge students’ scope of knowledge, including LK, ELK 课本的使用

《英语中级口译资格证书考试中级口译教程第二版》梅德明《中级口译备考精要》

新东方

（注：教师讲解过程中涉及到的文章已经全部收录在网络课堂的电子讲义中）

《英语中级口译资格证书考试中级口译教程第三版》梅德明

注：教师讲课过程中涉及到的全部课本内容，已经完整收录在我们的电子讲义中。

overshadow 使„„黯然失色 non-governmental sector 民间组织 foundations 基金会

中级口译口试讲义

mutual benefit 互惠互利 good faith 良好的诚意

strategic relationship

战略关系 flourish

兴旺繁荣

mutual 的搭配

mutual 可以和这些词搭配

mutual respect/benefit/understanding mutual trust/confidence/courtesy(礼尚往来)mutual equality/complementarity our mutual friend 我们共同的朋友 mutual aid 互助

mutual promise 相互的约定 by mutual consent 双方同意 mutual affection 相爱

二、Expressing Thanks

On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the

中级口译口试讲义

incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music.我谨代表在座的所有的同事，对你们那独有的、著称于世的款待表示感谢。我不仅要感谢特别感谢为我们准备晚宴的人们，而且还要特别感谢演奏优美音乐的人们。

表示感谢的常用形式 On behalf of…

2.I should like to express my heartfelt gratitude for your gracious reception and hospitality.我愿向你们盛情的接待与款待表示衷心的感谢。

3.Please accept our sincere thanks for your kind invitation.请接受我们对你友好邀请的真诚感谢。

5.I am very happy to have this second chance of joyful gathering with you.我非常高兴和你们再次相聚。

6.I would like to thank Sir Broers, Vice-Chancellor, for the invitation, which brings me to the famous Cambridge University.非常感谢布鲁尔斯校长的邀请，使我来到久负盛名的剑桥

中级口译口试讲义

大学。

三、which从句

This is basically a correct observation, which says something about the American way of life.这种看法基本上是正确的，它反映了美国人的生活方式。

Greyhound is the largest long distance coach company, which offers the monthly pass.“灰狗”汽车公司是美国最大的长途汽车公司，有月票出售。

中级口译口试讲义

四、口译实考题分析

The past five days in China have been truly pleasant and enjoyable and most memorable.在中国度过的这五天，令人愉快，难以忘怀。

I particularly want to pay tribute to our Chinese partners for their sincere cooperation and support in concluding these agreements.我特别要称颂我们的中国合作者，他们的真诚合作与支持使这项协议得以签署。

五、vocabulary work词汇预热二

Your Excellency 阁下

cradle of civilization 文明的摇篮 renew old friendship 重温旧情 establish new contacts 结交新友

a constant source of encouragement 不断的鼓舞 in the pursuit of 追求

a common aspiration 共同的愿望 endeavor＝try in the service of 造福于

in closing 最后 privileged 荣幸的

propose a toast 提议„„干杯

中级口译口试讲义

cheers 干杯称呼

Ladies and gentlemen

Your Excellency, My Chinese friends Respected Mr.chairman, ladies and gentlemen Mr.president

“ Your Excellency, Mr.Minister,” Less formally, one may address government officials as: “Mr.Director,” “Mr.Minister, ” “Mr.President, ” related other expressions: Your/His/Her majesty

Your/His/Her Highness/ Excellency/Royal Highness Your/His/Her Honor/ Excellency /Madam Mr.Smith, Ladies and Gentlemen, Mr.and Mrs.Smith(“Dr.and Mrs.Green” if applicable)

六、招待口译常用句型、搭配

2、英语的名词转换成汉语的动词

中级口译口试讲义

3、祝酒

May I propose a toast To the health of Your Excellency, To the health of all the Chinese friends, Cheers!现在由我祝酒为阁下的身体健康，为所有中国朋友的身体健康，干杯！

4、实战练习

Thank you very much for your gracious speech of welcome.China is one of the earliest cradles of civilization and a visit to this ancient civilization has long been my

中级口译口试讲义

dream.我非常感谢您热情友好的欢迎词。中国是最古老的文明摇篮之一，访问这个文明古国是我多年梦寐以求的愿望。

This visit will give me an excellent opportunity to meet old friends and establish new contacts.这次访问给与我一次极好的机会拜访老朋友，结交新朋友。

I wish to say again that I am so delighted and privileged to visit your great country and this lovely town.我为自己能访问伟大的贵国和这座美丽的城市，再次表达我的愉快之情和荣幸之感。

I am deeply grateful for everything you have done for me since my arrival in China.我对您为我到达贵国后所作的一切安排深表谢意。

第三章中国传统文化

中级口译口试讲义

祭祀亡灵 in memory of sb.龙舟比赛 dragon boat races 中秋节 Mid Autumn Festival 满月 full moon 月饼 moon cake 蜜饯 preserved fruits 豆沙 bean paste 蛋黄 egg yolk 海鲜 seafood 家禽 poultry 饺子 dumplings 八宝饭 eight treasure rice 米羹 rice balls 油条 fried sticks 麻花 fried twisted stick 炒面 Chaomian 叉烧包 steamed bun with roast pork 粥 porridge 芋头 taro 葱油饼 pan-fried cake with sesame seeds and green onion 有关春节的常用词放鞭炮 let off firecrackers 耍龙灯 play the dragon lantern 耍狮子 play the lion dance 拜年 pay a new-year call

二、有关“介绍”的翻译 

 我很高兴向各位介绍中国的主要传统节日。

I am very happy to have the opportunity to talk to you about major traditional

中级口译口试讲义

Chinese holidays.

 表示“介绍情况”时，我们可以这样翻译： 1.to share with you brief information 在此，我愿意向朋友们介绍这些方面的情况。

I'd like to share with you brief information in this respect.2.to brief you on 借此机会，我愿意向各位朋友介绍中国加入世贸组织和参与经济全球化的有关情况。

I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to brief you on China's accession to WTO and participation in economic globalization.3.to give a brief account of 我简单介绍我厂的情况。

Let me, first of all, give you a brief account of this factory.在来宾们参观我校之前，请允许我简要介绍一下我校的概况。

Before you start to look around, I would like to give you a brief account of our school.4.to tell us how/what 请主席先生介绍一下中国农村扶贫运动的情况。























三、实考题分析

中国的传统节庆膳食除了在数量和质量上与平时有所不同之外，一些历史悠久、具有象征意义的食物也是节日必不可缺的伴侣。

Traditional holiday meals are different from everyday meals in terms of quantity and quality.In addition, some foods with a long history and symbolic significance are

中级口译口试讲义

indispensable on these occasions.例如，我国的端午节是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子。

For example, on the Dragon Boat Festival, a day set aside in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan, people will hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, a kind of glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves.中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。

中级口译口试讲义

单句翻译练习：

武术又称功夫，在中国已经有1000年历史了。

Wushu, known as Kongfu or martial arts, has a history of a thousand years in China.中国的劳动人民练习武术以强身健体和自我保护，武术至今仍大受欢迎。

Chinese Wushu has also aroused interest among foreigners and is taught in many countries throughout the world.练习武术有各种各样的固定套路，有的要赤手空拳，有的要拿武器。

Wushu is practiced in various types of set exercises, either bare-handed or with weapons.武术是中国特有的民族运动，它可以锻炼身体，培养意志力，训练打斗技巧。

A unique Chinese national sport, Wushu builds strong bodies, steels the willpower and gives training in fighting skills.五、实考题分析

欢迎光临上海武术中心。在这里您可以健身、减肥、结交朋友，以及了解中国文化。

中级口译口试讲义

Our martial art store sells books, video tapes and VCDs on Chinese martial arts.To meet your need is the purpose of our service.六、传统文化词汇补充

气功

controlled breathing exercise 春联

spring couplet 剪纸

paper-cut 戏剧脸谱

theatrical mask 国画

traditional Chinese painting 中药

TCM 单口相声

monologue comic talk 对口相声

witty dialogue;comic cross talk 马戏

circus performance 传说

legend 神话

mythology 寓言

fable 二十四节气

the twenty-four solar terms 四大发明：

火药

gunpowder 印刷术

movable type printing 造纸术

paper making 指南针

compass

四书：

大学

The Great Learning 中庸

The Doctrine of the Mean 论语

The Analects of Confucius 孟子

the Mencius 孙子兵法

The art of War 三国演义

Three Kingdoms 西游记

Journey to the West

红楼梦

Dream of the Red Mansions

水浒传 Outlaws of the Marsh

诗经

The Book of Songs 书经

The Books of History 易经

I Ching The Book of Changes 礼记

The Book of Rites 孝经

Book of Filial Piety 三字经

three word chant 八股文

stereotyped writing 重要文化遗产

major cultural heritage

Monkey King Story of the Stone All men are brothers 16

中级口译口试讲义

第四章

实考题分析

一、口语题目范文分析

1、引用谚语

2、使用常用短语和句型

3、作比较

4、使用关联词

5、用明确的词表明自己的观点

6、用自己举例子

7、常用的序数词

小贴士：口语阐述时最好能加上自己的亲身经历

二、口译实考练习

三、口译实考分析英译汉 Passage 1:

中级口译口试讲义

In terms of its impact on our society, I think AIDS will certainly be the number one serious public-health hazard going into the next century.//

从对我们社会所造成的影响这个角度来看，我认为艾滋病必定是我们进入下一世纪的头号健康大敌。

AIDS ：Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome

Among all the ways and means, a massive educational campaign is the only thing conceivable at the moment that can really help.//

在所有措施中，开展大规模的教育活动是目前唯一行之有效的办法。

中级口译口试讲义

补充：文化差异方面的口译练习

四、口译实考分析汉译英

Passage 1:

中级口译口试讲义

中餐桌上最神奇、最有特色的用餐工具莫过于筷子。几千年来我们中国人一直视筷子为一种最简单同时也是最有效的用餐工具。

If you want to enjoy a Chinese meal in the real sense, it is not only necessary, but also very interesting, to spend some patient time learning to acquire the skills of using chopsticks.Passage 2：

中国是一个多民族国家，具有经济发展不平衡的特点。在这块辽阔的土地上，人们使用多种语言和方言。

China is a multi-national country featuring unbalanced economic development, In the vast territory, different languages ad various dialects are used.//

几十年来，政府一直号召推广普通话，作为标准汉语，但在相当多的人口中，普通话还未能成为日常使用的交流工具。

这显然阻碍了经济发展与社会进步。毫无疑问，推广和提倡使用普通话对加快中国改革开放的步伐是举足轻重的。

中级口译口试讲义

This obviously hinders economic development and social progress.Undoubtedly the popularization and promotion of Mandarin is vital to speeding up China's reform and opening up drive.//

这样做，将有助于提高汉语信息管理技术，因此，符合全体中国人民的根本利益。It will help improve the technology of information management in Chinese.Therefore, it is the basic interests of all Chinese.补充有关餐桌礼仪的句子翻译

中国人吃饭用筷子，西方人则用餐刀、餐叉。有些人会用筷子，但大多数人则不行，所以在西方客人摆餐具时，筷子旁边再摆上刀叉是很明智的做法。

经过半个多世纪的艰苦努力，特别是二十多年的改革开放，中国已迈入全面建设小康社会的发展新阶段。

中级口译口试讲义

However, China is still a developing country, large population and inadequate economic development remain its basic national conditions.It has a long way to go before achieving its development goals.中华人民共和国是全国人民共同缔造的统一的多民族国家。迄今为止，中国有56个民族。

During China’s long history of development, the people of various nationalities in China migrated and mingled, which eventually brought about today’s distribution.六、口译考试备考方式

1、充分利用口译教程

2、复习过程中注意句式的把握，特别注意课本中术语、套词、句式的记忆

3、眼睛、嘴巴、手三者兼顾

4、多看口译的案例

第四篇：2011中级口译口试讲义(新东方)

中级口译口试讲第一章

口译综述

1、常见选题

①选择性、辩论性话题

②热点问题：西部大开发、北京申奥等 ③校园文化话题

④社会现象、成功、快乐、国家政策等

2、口语应试技巧

①多与英美国家人士交流、沟通 ②通过原版外片提高语感 ③背诵好的演讲稿

④阅读报纸，提高词汇量，充实知识量 ⑤平日进行作文练习近平年中口考试特点

1、课本内容仅占1/4，其余内容来自口译实例。

2、英译汉部分较难。

3、汉译英通常都可以听懂，但考生翻译时往往出现词汇量匮乏的问题。

4、注重平日口译技能的综合培养。考场描述：

My name is … My Registration number is 0509000123.My topic today is…

第二章礼仪性口译

《英语中级口译资格证书考试中级口译教程第二版》梅德明

一、vocabulary work词汇预热一 world-renowned 世界闻名 diversity 多样化

dynamism 充满活力

a special regard 特殊的敬意 nostalgic 怀旧的、思乡的 memorable 值得回忆的 utmost courtesy 非常的礼貌 extensive 广泛的

overshadow 使„„黯然失色

non-governmental sector 民间组织 foundations 基金会

mutual benefit 互惠互利 good faith 良好的诚意

strategic relationship

战略关系 flourish

兴旺繁荣

mutual 的搭配

mutual 可以和这些词搭配

mutual respect/benefit/understanding mutual trust/confidence/courtesy(礼尚往来)mutual equality/complementarity

our mutual friend 我们共同的朋友 mutual aid 互助

mutual promise 相互的约定 by mutual consent 双方同意 mutual affection 相爱

二、Expressing Thanks

For myself and for our entire delegation, On behalf of all the members of my delegation and in my own name, For our Group and myself, 主体结构：I' d like to express / extend my heartfelt thanks to you /warm gratitude hearty gratefulness /sincere thanks to you and through you to Mr.Smith for your kind invitation(to visit China / to this fair.)/kind hospitality /warm welcome /for giving this grand banquet./for inviting us to such a marvelous dinner tonight.1.I' d like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my earnest gratitude for your help.我愿借此机会向你们的帮助表示衷心的感谢。

2.I should like to express my heartfelt gratitude for your gracious reception and hospitality.我愿向你们盛情的接待与款待表示衷心的感谢。

3.Please accept our sincere thanks for your kind invitation.请接受我们对你友好邀请的真诚感谢。

5.I am very happy to have this second chance of joyful gathering with you.我非常高兴和你们再次相聚。

三、which从句

This is basically a correct observation, which says something about the American way of life.这种看法基本上是正确的，它反映了美国人的生活方式。

Greyhound is the largest long distance coach company, which offers the monthly pass.“灰狗”汽车公司是美国最大的长途汽车公司，有月票出售。

四、vocabulary work词汇预热二 Your Excellency 阁下

cradle of civilization 文明的摇篮 renew old friendship 重温旧情 establish new contacts 结交新友

a constant source of encouragement 不断的鼓舞 in the pursuit of 追求

a common aspiration 共同的愿望 endeavor＝try in the service of 造福于

in closing 最后 privileged 荣幸的

propose a toast 提议„„干杯 cheers 干杯

称呼

Ladies and gentlemen

Your Excellency, My Chinese friends Respected Mr.chairman, ladies and gentlemen Mr.president

government officials as: “Mr.Director,” “Mr.Minister, ” “Mr.President, ” related other expressions:

Your/His/Her majesty

Your/His/Her Highness/ Excellency/Royal Highness Your/His/Her Honor/ Excellency /Madam Mr.Smith, Ladies and Gentlemen, Mr.and Mrs.Smith(“Dr.and Mrs.Green” if applicable)

六、招待口译常用句型、搭配

2、英语的名词转换成汉语的动词

款待。

3、祝酒

May I propose a toast To the health of Your Excellency, To the health of all the Chinese friends, Cheers!现在由我祝酒

为阁下的身体健康，为所有中国朋友的身体健康，干杯！

1、实战练习

This visit will give me an excellent opportunity to meet old friends and establish new contacts.这次访问给与我一次极好的机会拜访老朋友，结交新朋友。

I wish to say again that I am so delighted and privileged to visit your great country and this lovely town.我为自己能访问伟大的贵国和这座美丽的城市，再次表达我的愉快之情和荣幸之感。I am deeply grateful for everything you have done for me since my arrival in China.我对您为我到达贵国后所作的一切安排深表谢意。

第三章中国传统文化

龙舟比赛 dragon boat races 中秋节 Mid Autumn Festival 满月 full moon 月饼 moon cake 蜜饯 preserved fruits 豆沙 bean paste 蛋黄 egg yolk 海鲜 seafood 家禽 poultry 饺子 dumplings 八宝饭 eight treasure rice 米羹 rice balls 油条 fried sticks 麻花 fried twisted stick 炒面 Chaomian 叉烧包 steamed bun with roast pork 粥 porridge 芋头 taro 葱油饼 pan-fried cake with sesame seeds and green onion 有关春节的常用词

放鞭炮 let off firecrackers 耍龙灯 play the dragon lantern 耍狮子 play the lion dance 拜年 pay a new-year call

二、有关“介绍”的翻译

 我很高兴向各位介绍中国的主要传统节日。

 I am very happy to have the opportunity to talk to you about major traditional Chinese holidays.表示“介绍情况”时，我们可以这样翻译：

1.to share with you brief information  在此，我愿意向朋友们介绍这些方面的情况。

 I'd like to share with you brief information in this respect.2.to brief you on  借此机会，我愿意向各位朋友介绍中国加入世贸组织和参与经济全球化的有关情况。 I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to brief you on China's accession to WTO and participation in economic globalization.3.to give a brief account of  我简单介绍我厂的情况。

 Let me, first of all, give you a brief account of this factory. 在来宾们参观我校之前，请允许我简要介绍一下我校的概况。

 Before you start to look around, I would like to give you a brief account of our school.4.to tell us how/what  请主席先生介绍一下中国农村扶贫运动的情况。









 Will Mr.Chairman tell us how the anti-poverty drive is going on in China? 5.to show you 我想向您介绍一下我们初步拟定的活动日程。I would like to show you our tentative itinerary.6.to provide sb.with some information 借此机会，向各位介绍上海经济发展和开展国际经贸交往的一些情况。

I’d like to take this opportunity to provide you with some information about Shanghai’s economic development and its foreign trade.7.share a piece of my mind

四、“武术”单词预热 vocabulary work 武术

单句翻译练习：

武术又称功夫，在中国已经有1000年历史了。

Wushu, known as Kongfu or martial arts, has a history of a thousand years in China.中国的劳动人民练习武术以强身健体和自我保护，武术至今仍大受欢迎。

Chinese Wushu has also aroused interest among foreigners and is taught in many countries throughout the world.练习武术有各种各样的固定套路，有的要赤手空拳，有的要拿武器。

Wushu is practiced in various types of set exercises, either bare-handed or with weapons.武术是中国特有的民族运动，它可以锻炼身体，培养意志力，训练打斗技巧。

A unique Chinese national sport, Wushu builds strong bodies, steels the willpower and gives training in fighting skills.六、传统文化词汇补充

气功

controlled breathing exercise 春联

spring couplet 剪纸

paper-cut 7

戏剧脸谱

theatrical mask 国画

traditional Chinese painting 中药

TCM 单口相声

monologue comic talk 对口相声

witty dialogue;comic cross talk 马戏

circus performance 传说

legend 神话

mythology 寓言

fable 二十四节气

the twenty-four solar terms 四大发明：

火药

gunpowder 印刷术

movable type printing 造纸术

paper making 指南针

compass

四书：

大学

The Great Learning 中庸

The Doctrine of the Mean 论语

The Analects of Confucius 孟子

the Mencius 孙子兵法

The art of War 三国演义

Three Kingdoms 西游记

Journey to the West

Monkey King 红楼梦

Dream of the Red Mansions

Story of the Stone 水浒传 Outlaws of the Marsh

All men are brothers 诗经

The Book of Songs 书经

The Books of History 易经

I Ching The Book of Changes 礼记

The Book of Rites 孝经

Book of Filial Piety 三字经

three word chant 八股文

stereotyped writing 重要文化遗产

major cultural heritage

第四章

实考题分析

一、口语题目范文分析

best of my knowledge, there is nothing more healthful than a brisk walk in the morning.Personally, I like running in the morning.And I have benefited a lot of from it.My health condition is getting better and better.So I will persist in doing so in the future.这篇口语表述中运用到的技巧：

1、引用谚语

2、使用常用短语和句型

3、作比较

4、使用关联词

5、用明确的词表明自己的观点

6、用自己举例子

7、常用的序数词

小贴士：口语阐述时最好能加上自己的亲身经历

补充：文化差异方面的口译练习

There is no particular style to American negotiations.The way the negotiations are conducted will vary from one business to another and will depend upon the individuals involved.与美国人谈判并无特别的样式。谈判的方式视业务不同而不同，取决于参与谈判的人员。Although Americans have a reputation for making quick decisions, this is not always true when a corporation is involved in a major venture or a large project.Therefore, you should also be prepared for lengthy negotiations.虽然美国人享有决策果断的声誉，但是，在公司着手进行主要或重大项目时，决策并非总是果断的。因此，你也要做好准备进行冗长的谈判。

补充有关餐桌礼仪的句子翻译

中国人吃饭用筷子，西方人则用餐刀、餐叉。有些人会用筷子，但大多数人则不行，所以在西方客人摆餐具时，筷子旁边再摆上刀叉是很明智的做法。

such table manners to them.中国人请客，主人总是不断往客人的盘子里夹菜。这使外国客人觉得非常尴尬。即便是不喜欢的菜品，他也得吃下去，因为在西方，把食物剩在盘子里是极不礼貌的行为。

At a Chinese dinner, the host always puts more food on to the guest's plate.That often makes a foreign guest feel very awkward.He has to eat the food even if he doesn't feel like it, because it is considered bad manners in the west to leave one's food on the plate.与此相反，一个中国人出席，比方说，一个美国人举行的宴会，他常常辞谢递给他的食物或饮料。虽然他其实还饿着或渴着。这在中国可能是礼貌之举。

经过半个多世纪的艰苦努力，特别是二十多年的改革开放，中国已迈入全面建设小康社会的发展新阶段。

However, China is still a developing country, large population and inadequate economic development remain its basic national conditions.It has a long way to go before achieving its development goals.中华人民共和国是全国人民共同缔造的统一的多民族国家。迄今为止，中国有56个民族。

The People’s Republic of China is a united multi-national state founded jointly by the people of all nationalities.So far, there are 56 nationalities.与汉族相比，其他55个民族人口相对较少，因此他们在习惯上被称为“少数民族”。Compared with the Han nationality, China’s other 55 ethnic groups have a relatively small population, thus they are customarily referred to as ethnic minorities.1990年中国进行了第四次人口普查，据统计，在全国总人口中，汉族人口约占92%，少数民族人口占8%。

During China’s long history of development, the people of various nationalities in China migrated and mingled, which eventually brought about today’s distribution.六、口译考试备考方式

1、充分利用口译教程

2、复习过程中注意句式的把握，特别注意课本中术语、套词、句式的记忆

3、眼睛、嘴巴、手三者兼顾

4、多看口译的案例

第五篇：新东方中级口译内部讲义笔记

1, share with you my thought 我赞同许多东亚学者的观点，即东方文明可以医治盛行西方世界的顽疾（一个城市的特质：随处可以感觉到的深厚的文化底蕴）I share with many scholars in east Asia that the east/oriental civilization will cure the prevalent hard ills in the west.(the prevailing thick cultural atmosphere.)2)Let the pacific tide roll peacefully on, carrying a 2 way flow of people and ideas that can break down barriers of suspicion and mistrust, and build up bonds of cooperation and shared optimism(引出定语从句省略法)让这股太平洋潮流平稳的滚滚向前，带来人才和思维的双向交流，打破猜忌和不信任的障碍，加强我们的合作，提高双方的信心。

3）this is the day for us to rise to the heights of greatness/ that can build a new and better world.就在今天，是我们攀登理想高峰/缔造辉煌的时候了，是我们建设一个美好新世界的时候了。

新一届中央政府在领导人民朝向新的高峰前进our Central leadership has taken us to even greater heightens.4)the company abolished seniority based-salaries in favor of more highly leveraged compensation that offered huge cash bonuses and stock option grants to top performers.(更有激励性的分配制度)（注意很多中文并列结构实际上是定语从句）公司废除了论资排辈的薪酬体系，转而实行更有激励性的分配制度，向业绩突出者提供丰厚的现金奖励和期权。

5）we don’t have to await the arrival of the human genetic engineering to foresee a time when we will be able to enhance intelligence, memory, emotional sensitivity and sexuality as well as reduce aggressiveness and manipulate behavior /in a host of other ways.（而且途径是很多的。）我们不需要等待人类基因工程的到来便可以预见到一个时代，我们能够提高智力，记忆力，情绪敏感和性能力，同时又能降低侵略性，控制自身的行为。并且手段是多样的/途径是很多的。

Many organizations are seeking to take advantage of flatter management structures by moving through to self-managed teams.很多企业设法利用更加扁平的管理结构/更为精简的管理结构，其做法就是向自我管理的团队过渡/组建自我管理的团队。（引出定语从句重复使用法）

6）I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to the friendship and cooperation of our two peoples which can lead to friendship and peace for all peoples in the world.我请你们和我一道举杯，为我们两国人民的友谊与合作干杯，我们的友谊和合作带来了全世界人民的友谊与合作。

我要求在场的各位和我一同举杯，为我们的友谊与合作干杯，我们的友谊与合作必将带来全世界的人民的友谊与和平。7）they enthusiastically participate in a technological revolution whose impact on mankind will surely surpass the epoch-making European Renaissance and Industrial Revolution of the bygone age(昔日)他们积极地投身一场技术革命，这场技术革命对人类的影响力肯定会超过划时代的欧洲文艺复兴和昔日的工业革命。

从笔意的角度说，有一个原则：限定性定语从句适合译作定语，非限定性定语从句适合另外译作一句话。

the united states has long been known as a melting pot, because many of its people are descended from settlers who came from all over the world to make their homes in the new land.Other governmental activities are the responsibilities of the individual states, which have their own constitutions and laws.the new airport, which is merely half an hour’s drive from the city hall, is the biggest international airport in the area.例句1）的说法不大符合汉语的习惯表达，因此可以借鉴例句2）的译法，从而达到顺译目的

In each state, however, there is at least one university and often several colleges that receive support from state funds.2, 愿洗耳恭听

3，a growing number of foreign firms are pouring into china(此处不宜用flood,这个词通常形容不好的，诸如难民潮the refugee flood, 民工潮the laborer flood)1)越来越多的人担心SARS的爆发将会给经济带来负面影响 there is a growing that the SARS outbreak/epidemic/plague will have a negative influence on our economy.Negative attitudes toward parenthood and marriage have increased.对结婚生子持否定态度的人增加了。

越来越多的人意识到这将影响我国经济的发展，威胁我国的保健制度，退休制度以及其他一些福利制度的健康发展。（医疗保健medi-care）there is a growing awareness that this will leave a negative influence on our economic development, threaten the healthy/sound development of our health-care, old-age/endowment and other benefits/welfare systems.在美国，居高不下的离婚率，不断增加的单亲家庭，数量剧增的未婚父母，日趋增多的同性恋家庭。这些都足以证明传统的

家庭正在经历着崩溃的危机。许多美国人意识到在寻求解放的道路上我们走得太远了。The high divorce rate, the increasing/growing number of single-parent families/households and unmarried parents and homosexual families.All suggest that the traditional families are going through the crisis of collapse.There is a growing awareness that we are going too far in the pursuit of individual freedom.4，among the best choices of their investment destinations

新世纪的上海充满希望，是各国有远见的金融家和企业家大展宏图的黄金宝地，让我们携手合作。共图发展大业shanghai in a new century is a city of opportunities/ prospects, it offers a preferred choice/destination for the great ambitions of forward-looking financial people and entrepreneurs.Let’s join hands /efforts for the shared goal of development.香港市民一定能够以主人翁的姿态，抓住机遇，善用机遇，实现自己的抱负,建设香港未来

take up the role of master and capitalize on every opportunity to realize their visions, work for a better HK.上海奥特因中心那田园式的环境，优雅静谧，颇有欧美乡村情调，是旅游度假或商住的理想场所。Enveloped in elegant, peaceful and pastoral surroundings, flavored with a European and American country impression,---offers an ideal choice for/impressed with a European and American country flavor.5，海外人士在上海及其周边地区的投资近年来翻了2番 foreign investment in shanghai and it’s surrounding /neighboring areas has doubled and redoubled.中国奇迹般的崛起为亚太地区的经济强国已经吸引了，并将继续吸引着越来越多的外国投资

china’s miraculous rise as one of the economic powers in the Asia Pacific region has attracted and will continue to attract more and more foreign investment.香港是在国家走向盛世的背景下回归到祖国的怀抱的 HK returned to its motherland at the time of her rise to power 6，中国是世界上经济增长最快的国家之一

众所周知，亚洲是全球经济发展最为迅速的地区，中国是亚洲经济增长最快的国家，上海市中国经济发展最引人注目的城市之一。（Asia has the fastest growing economy in the world while china’s economic development /takes the lead /leads/tops in Asia.And shanghai is among the cities）

7,出现这样的投资热有许多缘由1)投资热 there are many reasons/ factors for this investment fever/rush(contribute to, attribute to)the phenomenal success has led to a worldwide fever to proliferate dot.com companies, both as a prestigious symbol and a quicker way to wealth.硅谷巨大的成功在全世界范围内掀起了一股兴办网络公司的热潮，因为网络公司既是身份的象征优势快速致富的途径

TV violence has swollen the torrent of real-life crime.电视暴力镜头对生活中的犯罪现象起到了推波助澜的作用文化是指一个民族的整体生活方式 culture means/is/ refers to the total way of life of a nation.经济学的研究对象是在变化着的市场上人们的购买行为 economics studies/examines the changing purchase behavior of consumers.心理学主要研究的是人 psychology treats /studies people.当代市场营销学认为从经济的角度上消费决定生产。Modern marketing subscribes to the notion that production is justified by 8，很重视对外开放 attach great important to/ put much emphasis on opening to the outside world.1）今年下半年我公司的重点将放在研发和开国新市场上面。We will put much emphasis on R&D and market exploration in the second half of this year.R&D defines our work in the second half of this year.2）我们承认不同的文化之间的巨大差异，这些差异有时可能会引起摩擦 we acknowledge the great differences between different cultures.These differences may give rise to conflicts.(arouse/cause)9团体投资者/投资公司 individual /corporate/group/institutional investors.南京高校云集，数量全国第二 nanjing has the second largest concentration of institutions of advanced education.The silicon valley has the largest concentration of brilliant computer professionals and the best supporting service in the world and easy access to world-class research institutions.硅谷优秀的电脑人才济济，数量全球第一，同时它还有最好的―软件‖环境，能够轻易利用世界级的研究所

(后勤人员The supporting staff 杭州有着很好的硬件和软件环境.Hangzhou has the best infrastructure facilities and supporting services.)That is why an army of academies and consultants descended on Enron in the late 1990s and held it up as a paragon of management virtue.这就是为什么大批的学者和咨询家于90年代云集安然，将其推崇为管理的典范。

Silicon Valley is a magnet to which numerous talented engineers, scientists and entrepreneurs from overseas flock in search of fame and fast money.硅谷就像一个磁铁，吸引着无数天赋异斌的工程师，科学家和企业家，他们从海外云集而至/纷至沓来，寻求功名利禄。

What counts most is one’s vision and track record, and not one’s nationality, skin color or creed.This together with a multiracial society, informal lifestyle and agreeable climate, lures foreigners to its shores.(最重要的是一个人的眼界和成长经历，而不是国籍，肤色和信仰。加上美国是一个多种族的社会，生活方式不拘礼仪，气候宜人。这些都吸引着海外人士越洋而来。（cater to, appeal to,---）catering餐饮)It is a common practice for start-ups to offer generous share options to employees in order to attract the right talent into their folds.创业者的通常做法是向员工提供丰厚的期权，以将合适的人才收入麾下。

中美两国在制度和价值观方面存在差异 we have differences in institutions and values.10,the logic behind this preference 这样的偏好背后的原因 1）what really makes our agriculture successful, in my view, is the philosophy behind it rather than the actual machinery or technology.更新推进各国开展经济，技术合作的指导思想across national boundaries）the thinking behind this move is market share/presence.11,基本情况是这样的，basically.1）together we can make the planet a better place通过共同的努力我们能够将这个星球建设成一个更美好的家园。（从英翻中的角度来说，我们的通常想法是through our joint effort , we can build this planet into a better world for human beings.）从中得出结论——很多英文的副词在中文中的译文是一个长短语或者短句子。当一个中文的词汇无法解释意思复杂的英文副词时，我们可以用一个句子来丰富想象的空间

2）Initially I would like to embark on this joint venture at a moderate rate and a safe scale 起步的时候，我希望这个合资企业能够有一个适当的速度和稳妥的规模

3）There on the beach he saw a group of savages dancing obscenely around the campfire.在沙滩上有一群野人，围绕着篝火跳舞，动作不堪入目(棘手的副词，看其在句子中的位置，如果靠前，那么提出来放到句首翻译，如果靠后，那么提出来放到句末)The techniques involved are amazingly varied.所涉及的技术变化多端，令人称奇。（中文的并列结构很可能是英文的偏正结构）4）I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.我想感谢你们无与伦比的盛情款待，中国人的热情好客享誉世界，这一点果然名不虚传。

5）Changing the core values, the attitudes and the fundamental relations of a vast organization is overwhelmingly/impossibly difficult.改变核心价值观，态度和基本关系对于一家大企业来说很难做到，简直不可能

6）But when Harry and Ron are suspiciously prevented from entering platform 93/4 and boarding the Hogwarts Express back to school, the boys take emergency action to avoid being late for the new term.但是，令人费解的事，哈利和罗恩无法进入93/4车站，登上开往魔法学校的快列，于是两个人采取紧急措施。

12,最大程度上发挥有关双方的优势 to the largest extent, give play to the strengths of both parties concerned =maximize the strengths of both parties concerned.1）充分利用中国加入世贸组织的契机optimize the opportunities coming along with china’s WTO entry.2）。中国加入世界贸易组织以及非贸易壁垒的逐步取消将会使中国的强势产业发挥自己的优势。China’s WTO entry and the falling non-trade barriers will give play to our advantageous industries.3）我方还将安排商务会谈,有意者请与我方联系we will stage business negotiations, the interested/concerned parties may contact us.(中文中的呈现基本上可以用stage来表示.---精彩纷呈，不容错过all fascinating programs will be staged here, you are not going to miss them)stage 还可以表示举办：杭州展览馆将举办几场大型的展览the hall will stage several major exhibitions.13，不断完善 improve 通常来替代perfect的意思。

南京的交通状况人不如人意the traffic in nanjing is to be improved/ is not desirable 我们会尽力完善江苏软件园区的基础设施we will try our best to improve the infrastructure facilities in Jiangsu software park.我们将不断完善法制，创造更公平，更透明和可以预见的市场环境 we will continue to improve the rule of law and create a more fair, transparent and predictable market environment.如果将其中的可以预见的改变成统一的，那么需要重新调整句子结构we will continue to improve the rule of law and create a unified market for more fair and transparent competition.14，先进的技术 leading/advanced/sophisticated（这个词只能是凑合，通常表示尖端的，如果用来表示人，译作老到的，如果是the sophisticated city life译作五彩斑斓的城市生活）advance用作名词:进展。The rapid advance of science and technology科学技术的突飞猛进。作动词用表示：推进

推进社会主义精神文明建设advance the cultivation of healthy values across the nation.这里的精神文明不能用spiritual 表示的意思和宗教的东西靠的近。

我公司是长江三角洲地区的龙头企业，使这行内的老大。我们的拳头产品一直为消费者认可并且反应良好ours is a leading company in the Yangtze river delta.Our leading/flagship products are favorably accepted by the consumers.国家鼓励开办产品出口型和技术先进的外资企业。The government encourages the establishment of export companies and technologically leading companies.(很多情况下我们提到的―倡导，提倡‖均用encourage来表示。倡导建设一个节能社会encourage the establishment of an energy-saving society.)15，经济回报economic return /gains /yields(promise, produce, yield)经济效益、投资回报

they are generally investing for the long term and are not unduly concerned with the lack of immediate yield.(他们通常是长线投资，不会急功近利)the drug which can give people instant happiness该药物能够给病人立竿见影的效果

16，研究资料research material/literature，研究结果显示the research findings show/suggest（2010年远景目标纲要明确提出要大力发展社会福利事业the outline of long-range objectives for 2010 proposes that we shall vigorously develop the social benefits system.）

17，投资方式很多the form of investment 各国人民有权选择自己的政府形式和发展道路-people of all countries have the right to decide/choose the form of their governments and the course to development.付款方式，the term of payment（term of the contract合同期限, terms of the contract.合同条款）

Throughout my term as Secretary General, I have sought to place human beings at the center of everything we do—from conflict prevention to development of human rights.在我担任联合国秘书长的任期内，我始终将人类至于我工作的中心。从避免冲突到发展人权。

my question concerns the term of our partnership 我的问题有关合作的期限。

至于我们的合作期限，我们可以定位15年，合同期满后还可以续签 we may begin with 15 years and then extend it/ renew the contract after expiry.a major appeal of investing in bonds is that they provide investor with a steady stream of income and guarantee the repayment of the loan in full at maturity.投资债券的一个诱惑就是他们能够给投资者带来稳定的收入，并且确保到其全部返还投资金额。18同中方合资办企业（through partnership with）

您打算在合资企业中占有多少投资比重 how much money do you live to invest in the JV.What is your percentage of investment in this partnership.以优良的服务态度，优惠的旅游价格，我公司竭诚与客户建立互利互惠的合作关系，坦诚相待，共同发展商务旅游。With excellent services and favorable/competitive prices/rates, our company sincerely seeks to establish mutually beneficially cooperation with our clients in an honest partnership and develop the tourist activities together.19，投资兴办---时，for a joint venture 考虑到您的方便和舒适，我们安排您入住金陵饭店 for your convenience and comfort, we will accommodate you in the Jingling hotel.我公司将报销您的费用，包括住宿费，伙食费以及差旅费。Our company will take care of /cover your expenses, including the accommodation, food and fares.(蒋海霞)

交换我们的意见exchange our views.江泽民和克林顿就双方关心的问题交换了意见 they exchanged their views on issues of both concern.社区服务是当今各国普遍关注的一个问题（community service has drawn wide /much attention across the world）community service is an issue of common concern in the world.防治艾滋病的运动是全国性的，也是世界性的问题 the prevention of AIDS is an issue of national and international consequences.台湾问题 the Taiwan issue.这是一次具有历史意义的，开拓性的会议 this is an effort of historic and pioneering significance./this is a historic and pioneering effort.实践证明，我们协调经济发展和环境保护两者之间关系的做法是行之有效的 events of the past/work of the past have confirmed that our practice/ effort/endeavor to balance economic development and environmental protection is effective.这标志着中国在攀登世界科技高峰的征程上迈出了具有重大意义的一步。

marks tremendous progress/ a significant step forward in our mission of scaling /effort to rise up to the heights in science and technology.国际关系的巨大变化tremendous /big / profound change in international relations 整个国际关系正在经历着深邃的变化 the whole international relationship is undergoing profound changes 怀着对贵国人民的深厚感情with profound and amicable sentiments/attachments for your people(get attached to sb依恋某人/ get too much involved with sb于某人剪不断，理还乱)总裁的话说到了我们员工的心坎中the president’s words echo the sentiments among the staff.亚洲是地球上最大的洲，聚居着世界60%的人口，资源十分丰富，历史源远流长，文化博大精深。

Asia has the biggest land in the world.It has 60% of the world’s population, rich/abundant natural resources, a long /time honored history , wealthy and profound cultures.对形成一个新的世界格局产生积极的影响(shaping)leave a positive impact/influence on the shaping/forming/formation of a new world patterns.国际格局 world configuration of power(政治色彩浓烈)因特网的普及改变了世界的面貌the growth/spread of internet has changed the face of the world/ reshaped the world.(强调往好的方向发展)。

(popularize the knowledge of laws, 普法，普及环保知识 popularize the importance of environmental protection)如果涉及到具体的情况，可以进一步细化：Popularize the importance of the preservation of clear rivers, popularize the importance of the protection of pasture lands.(草原的保护)近年来在亚洲国家的共荣努力之下，包容，平等和渐进的地区合作意识正在加强，开放，健康和互利的合作局面正在形成。(featuring)in recent years, with the joint efforts of Asian countries, the awareness of regional cooperation featuring tolerance, equality and progress is growing/improving;an open, healthy and mutually beneficial cooperation is taking shape.(我们要建立互利，互补，共同发展的新型国际关系establish new international relations featuring mutual benefit, support and common development)借此机会，我想向成功地举办了这次会议的泰王国政府表示衷心的感谢(on this occasion/taking this opportunity/here, I would love to extend/express my sincere/heart-felt thanks to the government of Thailand kingdom for successfully hosting/holding this meeting), host主办 host country主办国.china will host the 2008 Olympic games.1）感谢董事长先生得盛情邀请，使我们来到装饰得如此华丽得大厅，参加如此欢快得圣诞晚会

Thank Mr.President for his nice invitation which has brought us to this luxuriously decorated hall to attend this Christmas party.加拿大温哥华兰戈拉社区学院对本次研讨会的成功召开给予了很大的帮助，对此我谨致以诚挚的谢意

I would like to thank the Langara Community College of Vancouver, Canada for its great help which has made this successful opening possible.新的方法 new approach

将革命的热情和科学的方法结合combine revolutionary passion with scientific approaches

这取决我们如何看待/处理这个问题 depends on how we view/ see and handle this matter.How we approach this matter.Such never-say-die approach is the sine qua non for the ultimate triumph in entrepreneurship and technological breakthrough.这种永不言败的作风是企业成功和技术创新必不可少的条件

伙伴关系必须建筑在—的基础上 such a partnership should be based on----,注意强记一些基础性的东西：P-和平，E平等，F友谊，B互利互惠

向管理向技术要效益(improve by relying on, 科教兴国)improve economic benefits by relying on management and technology.Improve national strength by relying on advances in science and technology.8加强技术交流与合作（step up/ strengthen）

step up: 比较具体的东西price, exchanges, cooperation, efforts, law enforcement执法力度 build up：比较抽象的东西friendship, cooperation, trust, confidence.你认为中国式的管理模式有无优点，将其与美国式的管理模式便比较，你的看法如何

do you see any advantage/strength with the Chinese way of management, how do you compare it with the American way of management.注意从中文和英文的不同，很可能一个英文的句子需要两个中文的句子来对应。

This day has brought terrible news and great shock to our nation 今天噩耗传来，举国悲痛。

你认为如何评价美中两种不同的经营之道的利弊 how do you comment on the advantage and disadvantage with the Chinese and American ways of management.(weakness and strength)中国及东亚一些其他亚洲国家的经济成功不是简单模仿西方文明的结果，恰恰相反，他代表了一种新的文化的诞生，一种集东西方传统优点之大成的新的价值体系。

The economic success in china and some other countries in East Asia is not a simple/mechanical imitation /copy of the western culture, on the contrary, it represents the birth of a new culture, a new values system that Incorporates /combines the strengths of the east and west cultures.根据事情本身的是非曲直来判断问题judge things on their own merits/ put things in their right/true perspective正确地认识把握

This is because most Chinese companies keep to the bottom-up, the top down and then bottom-up decision-making principle which involves many people at different levels.这是因为大部分中国企业坚持垂直的管理模式/原则，这要涉及到很多层面上的很多人员

No one at corporate was asking the right questions.It was completely hands-off management , a runaway train.公司层面没有人在真正的管事，完全是放任自流的管理，是一匹脱缰的野马。

The new entrepreneurial culture encourages the ―loose and tight‖ environment.That is to combine tight controls with max individual authority to allow entrepreneurship to flourish without the culture edging into chaos.新的企业文化提倡张弛有度的企业环境，也就是将严格的控管和最大限度的个人权限结合，从而使企业家精神/才能/创业精神能够充分发挥，同时企业文化也不至陷入混乱

理解亚洲国家---我们要学会如何理解陌生的文化习俗，礼仪规范 we shall learn to interpret different cultures , customs and etiquette patterns.作为企业的领导人，CEO必须能理解会计数据。As CEO of the company, you should interpret the accounting data.眼下由于SARS的肆虐，我们必须进行大规模的宣传教育，这样潜在病人就可以理解自己的症状

given the SARS outbreak/epidemic/plague, we need to launch an educational campaign, thus the potential patients can interpret their symptoms.(latent 病情潜伏的)我们准备增进与亚洲和---合作we are /stand ready to step cooperation with Asian countries.(be prepared to do通常表示不好的，诸如我们不准备接受讨价还价we are not prepared for any counter-bid/bargaining)加强我们的相互信任和合作 build up our mutual trust and cooperation 制定了相关的法律 make/formulate relevant laws

台了一系列措施。我们缺乏严格的法律监管 put in place a set of measures，we don’t have powerful laws in place.(we lack the supervision of powerful laws-加强执法 step up law enforcement有法必依the laws shall run the course.)国家有关外资企业的法规the state laws and regulations concerning/governing foreign companies 我想借此机会介绍国家有关外资企业的法规，国际关系准则 I would love to say something about the state laws and regulations governing foreign companies，principles concerning/governing international relations.I want to focus on the principles that underlie the relationship between New Zealand and the PRC.我想重点讲讲（dwell on sth—I have come here not to dwell on a closed door past 我来中国不是为了强调闭关锁国的过去）中新两国关系的知道原则

These are the underlying reasons for the success of our agricultural sector.这些才识我们农业部门取胜的深层次原因

进行了重大的改革（政府换界governmental reshuffle政府重组 reorganization/transform governmental functions）(国有企业的改组改造—reorganization and technological upgrading)我公司正在进行重大的改革our company is undergoing big reforms/ a big restructuring 优化出口商品结构 rationalize the export mix 沿线地区的能源结构，产业结构都会发生很大的变化 the energy infrastructure facilities and industrial mix all along the pipe line will be greatly improved 一体化中前进 make progress /forge ahead/march forward in integration 亚太经合组织不断发展，东亚区域合作方兴未艾，上海合作组织顺利运转(the APEC is making constant progress, regional cooperation in east Asia is developing in full swing/ running its course, shanghai cooperation organization is functioning smoothly)They are confident that its long-term prospects remain bright as the ultimate potential of the information age hasn’t run its full course.他们确信长远的发展前景依然明朗，因为信息时代方兴未艾。（信息时代最终前能的发挥还有些时日）

your Excellency 阁下your honor/Excellency 殿下your highness /Excellency 陛下your majesty thank you for you kind words感谢你热情洋溢的欢迎词―nice‖

感谢您的盛情款待/盛情邀请 thank you for your gracious hospitality and invitation 借此机会，我想代表全团成员以及以我个人的名义向您表示由衷地感谢，感谢您为我们做出的特殊/周道的安排和盛情款待。On this occasion/taking this opportunity, I would love to , on behalf of all the members of my delegation/group and also in my own name, extend to you our sincere thanks/gratitude for your special arrangements and gracious hospitality 以经济建设为重点(优先发展经济)，逐步拓展全方位合作

Efforts should firstly be given to economic development and then extended to other areas/ we should center our efforts on economic growth and then extend into other areas/ we should give priority to economic growth and then extend our efforts to other areas.立足现有的合作渠道，不断扩大合作范围（work from/optimize the existing channels，expand/extend to other areas）

卓有成效的引导国家在过去几十年打下的良好基础上，朝向新的高峰前进

Working from the solid foundation laid in past decades, our Central leadership has taken us to even greater heightens.occasion

至此南京爱立信成立十周年之际 on the occasion of Ericsson’s tenth anniversary(借此机会on this occasion, taking this opportunity, 或者在口译时可以尝试here)节日在中国是人们勤于烹调，饱享口福的时候 holidays are a good time/occasion for lavish cooking and eating Renew old friendships and establish new contacts 拜访老朋友，结交新朋友（在考试中如果翻译成重温旧情，结交新友，也可

以）

The Chinese take time to learn if their prospective business contacts are reliable, for example, by inviting them to a party or socializing with them.中国人会花时间去了解是否潜在的业务伙伴是否可靠，比如，邀请他们参加宴会或者与他们进行社交。（prospective在某种程度上=would-be）(托福阅读中的例句 the fairs bring handmade goods from outlying cities to would-be buyers in the cities.)同时注意prospective和perspective拼写上的类似。Put things in their right/true perspective 正确的看待和处理

我国与东盟国家一致同意今后十年内逐步建立中国-东盟自由贸易区，并正就早日启动谈判进行接触。

China and the ASEAN countries have reached an agreement that we will phase in the Sino-ASEAN free trade zone in the next 10 years and are making contact for an early launch of the negotiations.我们将逐步淘汰这批机器，代之以先进的技术。We shall phase out the outdated machinery and bring in advanced technology 我们恪守入世承诺，有步骤地扩大开放领域，降低关税水平，（逐步）取消非关税壁垒*（遵守WTO有关规定 relevant wto provisions）we will honor(abide by, comply with, conform to)our WTO entry commitment by opening wider to the outside world in a planed manner, reducing/lowering/cutting the tariff, and phasing out the non-tariff barriers.（对外开放的领域和地域areas of economic operation/activities and geographical regions）

从实际需要和实践出发，可以把贸易，交通，农业，信息能源作为优先合作的领域，并逐步向其他领域扩展 working from the actual needs and our experiences, we can focus our efforts on cooperation in such areas as trade, communications, agriculture , information technology and energy.And gradually extend our efforts to other areas.从国情出发，中国在全面推进现代化的过程中，将环保史为基本国策，将经济持续发展视为重要战略，同时在全国范围内展开污染防治和生态环境保护工作）（working from our national conditions, the central government of china, in the process of moving/pushing toward,/in an all-out drive for its modernization, regards environmental protection as a basic state policy and sustainable economic development as an important strategy, while launching a nation-wide campaign for the prevention and treatment of pollution problems.)When we established our friendly and cooperative relations, we did so on the understanding that we would develop our friendship on the basis of mutual respect and equality, and mutual benefit 当我们建立友好合作关系时，我们基于如下认识，即，我们友谊的发展要建立在互相尊敬，平等和互惠的基础上。

英译汉时，很少有人会注意事态的区别。当英文中体现出明显的事态差别，比如过去时，那么建议在做笔记的时候用―┚‖表示，如果是将来时态，则用―┖‖表示。过去，我们建立友好合作关系时，是基于这样的认识：我们之间的友谊发展要建立在相互尊重，平等互利的基础之上。

如果碰到句子中间的谓语动词和宾语无法很好的按照动宾关系组成中文意思时，通常将其译作名词，句子的动词在后面的成分里寻找。

I have friends who are interested in Foreign direct investment in china 我的朋友对于直接在华投资很感兴趣 in the spirit of mutual benefit and equality 本着互利平等的精神 on the principles of 本着这样的原则 in----capacity.以—身份

我们欢迎台湾当局领导人以适当的身份前来访问。We welcome the authorities of Taiwan to visit china in proper capacities.we therefore welcome----(再分配)Events of the past decade have confirmed time and time again that our friendship and cooperation will continue to flourish and yield more fruits in the days to come/through the rest of the century and into the next.过去（的辉煌历程）一再证明我们的友谊将会与时俱进，我们的合作将硕果累累

注意其中的events是由翻译人员说了算数。可以翻译成好的也可以翻译成不好的。口译的关键是断句，由于断句的需要，through the rest of this century and into the next 必须独立成句。―由本世纪跨入下个世纪‖ I look forward, in the next few days, to the opportunity of learning something from your endeavor and experience in promoting economic and social development in the service of your people。

有机会向你们学习，学习你们为造福于民所作的努力，以及在促进经济和社会发展方面所积累的经验。

☆有机会向你们学习，学习你们的实践和经验，学习你们如何推动经济和社会的发展，从而造福于民

They assign ratings both to entities issuing bonds and to specific corporate bond issues.This gives investors a guide as to their credit quality, which indicates possible risks 他们为债券发行实体以及特定的公司债券评定等级。从而给投资者一定的指导，让他们了解公司的信用等级，以及潜在的风险。

We were tested by one of the most brutal global economies in decades, as well as by the impact of the tragedy of September 11.尽管遭遇了几十年来最糟糕的经济，以及9.11这个悲剧，但是我们经受住了考验。

So let us start a long march together on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peace and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity and in which each nation, large or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, its own course of development, free of outside interference or domination.让我们一起长征，沿着不同的道路，朝着同一个目标（走的路不同，目标却一致），即建造一个和平公正的世界秩序，所有人都享有同等的尊严，所有国家不管大小都有权决定自己的政府形式，发展道路，不受外界干扰或主宰.People consider her behavior a shameful piece of snobbery 首先转换people consider her behavior a shameful piece of(snobbish)人们认为他为人势力，行为可耻。

His father is a drunk brute—brute=brutal 他父亲酗酒成性，脾气不好 The old big house is cozy 这个老房子又宽敞又温馨

On the basis of –(1，互通有无exchange of each other’s needed products.2, 优势互补, mutual support of relative advantage.)7, in the service of your people(in the interest of , to the benefit of)造福于---1）我希望我们能加强合作与交流，造福两国人民I hope that we can step up our exchanges and cooperation to the benefit of our two peoples.2）中国改革开放的新跨越不仅给中国人民带来了巨大的福祉，也必将提供无限的商机，为亚洲和世界经济合作开辟新的广阔空间(china’s new leap forward of reform and opening-up will not only bring huge benefits to the Chinese people, but also provide numerous business opportunities , ushering in broad prospects for /opening up a broad horizon for economic cooperation in Asia and the world at large.)

7)上海浦东新区地处中国海岸线的重点和长江出海口的交汇处。紧靠着繁华的上海市区，背倚物阜民丰的三角洲，面对着太平洋及东南亚发达国家和地区，有着得天独厚的地理优势。

（纽约坐落在哈得孙河口译集密西西比河入海口的交汇处

NY city sits at the mouth of the Hudson river, where the Mississippi empties into the sea）

Shanghai sits at the middle point of china’s coastal line, where the Yangtze river empties into the sea。Adjacent to the prosperous shanghai downtown area, backed up by the populous and affluent Yangtze River delta, facing the developed pacific and ASEAN countries and regions.It boasts an ideal geographical location

4，沿途有大批的历史文物the silk road is dotted with /boasts/features a good wealth of cultural relics

面积46、7公顷的世界公园分为17处分景区，收集了亚，非，欧，南北美，以及大洋洲的主要名胜景点 the 46.7 hectare world park features /boasts 17 divisions, staging all the major scenic spots from Asia, Africa, Europe and America.the auto industry’s most fierce competition has been staged in china, the biggest virgin auto market in the world.汽车工业最激烈的竞争已经在中国这个世界上最大的新兴市场上演

在我上大学的时候有一位研究东方文明的教授向我介绍了博大精深的儒道思想

Back at my college, a professor of east civilization introduced me to the wealthy Confucianism and Daoism

大吃大喝历来是春节的主要内容，除了常见的海鲜，家禽和肉类外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制一些传统菜肴Local customs also dictate the preparation and consumption of some traditional food.(完全可以用如下：lavish eating and drinking constitutes the major activity of spring festival, apart from the common sea food and poultry, people also cook some traditional dishes according to local customs.)当风和日丽的时候举目远眺，佘山，金山，崇明到隐约可见。真有登泰山而小天下的感觉。On a fine and sunny day, the observation

deck commands an indistinct view of the----in the distance.You will find the world below suddenly belittled.5，富有情趣的地方文化

The tourists will admire a wide range f unique and intriguing fauna and flora, a comfortable and sunny climate, and an interesting, cosmopolitan and friendly people 这里的珍禽异兽奇花异草无不让游客叹为观止，这里气候宜人，阳光明媚，这里的人民富有情趣，见识广博。

冬天，雪盖群峰松披霜，静观素雅，别有一番情趣。in winter, the snow capped peaks and frosted pine-trees stage quite a spectacle of particular interest.八达岭海拔千米，高低起伏，曲折绵延，宛如苍龙，气势磅礴

Badaling rises 1000 meters above the sea level , lies in undulation and meanders off just like a dragon with imposing magnificence.（钱江大桥净空高达40米，万吨油轮畅通其下）Qianjiang river bridge stands 40 meters above the water and offers easy passage/navigation for 10,000-ton ships 莫斯科的地铁深入地下几百米，在高雅油画和装饰的衬托下更像一个博物馆

The subway/metro system of Moscow goes down 100 meters under the ground and impresses tourists more like a museum with the fine paintings and decorations.整个布局手法巧妙，气魄雄伟，是集我国造园艺术之大成 the layout is skillful and magnificent.It incorporates/combines the strengths of china’s garden building art.上海奥特因中心那田园式的环境，优雅静谧，颇有欧美乡村情调，是旅游度假或商住的理想场所。Enveloped in elegant, peaceful and pastoral surroundings, flavored with a European and American country impression,---offers an ideal choice for 南京卧虎藏龙Nanjing is known as a land of attractive resources and magical power and a birth place of creative and gifted minds.6,少数民族 ethnic minorities

少数民族风味餐馆 ethnic restaurants 职业道德。Work/professional ethic

7，如天方夜谭一般神奇 sounds exotic and amazing.中国地大物博，游人无不叹为观止 tourists will surely admire/ marvel at the vast expanse and abundant resources of china.赞叹黄山的魅力 marvel at the charms of huangshan mountains.上海已经建成了具有一定规模和相当影响力的比较完整的金融市场体系，包括证券市场，外汇市场，保险市场，金银买卖市场 shanghai has established a relatively complete financial market with some size and influence, including a stock market, a foreign exchange market, an insurance market and a bullion(gold and silver)-trading market 上海已经建成以中央银行为领导，国有商业银行为主体，各种金融机构并存和共同发展金融机构体系。

Shanghai has established a financial institution system with the central bank as the head, state owned commercial banks as the body and other financial organizations developing together.也意味着国际社会启动了经济发展和社会进步的新时期.it also marks a new era of economic development and social progress for the international community.加入世贸组织是中国对外开放的一个新起点，我们将在更大的范围和更深的程度上参与国际经济合作和竞争。China’s WTO entry marks a new starting point /a new horizon/ a new height in china’s reform and opening up course.We will participate international economic cooperation and competition extensively and intensively

当今世界竞争纷纷，技术革新对一个企业来说至关重要（in today’s world of intensified competition, technological innovation means everything to a company）或者in today’s world , there is much competition and innovation means everything for a company.南京发达的交通以及网络软件是创业的好地方 with its advanced/desirable superhighway and future highway, Nanjing offers an ideal choice for business start-up 当然说道硬件软件的时候也可以借代这样的结构，最好的是infrastructure facilities and supporting services.a third decisive factor is the vital role of venture capitalists who willingly support promising start-ups with urgently needed initial capital to get them started.第三个决定性因素是风险资本家所扮演的重要角色，他们愿意支持前途看好的创业者，向他们提供急需的第一笔资金，迈出第一步。(start-up可以指创业，创新企业，创业者)

the valley’s professionals are among the most hardworking people anywhere, especially during the start-up stage.硅谷的人才是世界上最勤劳的人，尤其是创业期间。

800万岂止是一个吉利的数字，我认为这对于启动这家合资企业来说也是合适的。8 million is more than a lucky number, it is quite good for the start-up of a joint venture.新型企业an emerging/growth company Iraq is an emerging market.a virgin market新兴市场

Thank you for inviting me to talk about the emerging biological revolution.感谢你邀请我来谈谈即将到来的生物技术革命

2,科学技术突飞猛进 the rapid advance of science and technology，science and technology which develop in leaps，science and technology which is developing with each passing day.1)with the rapid spread of the internet and the relentless technological innovations generated through it, the information ear is truly upon us.随着因特网的快速发展以及随之而来的永无止境的技术革新，信息时代已经到来。

1）new breakthroughs in biological technology is announced daily.这里的announced 是一个不痛不痒的词汇，译不译都无所谓——生物技术每天都取得突破性进展

3,正在深刻的影响着人们的政治---生活 is having a profound influence on people’s political life.1）the disease has changed the personal as well as the political---how we think and how we love, what we teach our children and what we say in public.这里面的how we think 可以翻译成一个名词—我们的思维模式，同样的例子如下 2)因特网的迅速普及改变了我们的商务模式 how we do business 3）我们过去十年来的经历 what we have been through 4）随着中国改革开放的深入，我们将大力实施走出去的战略，鼓励中国各种所有制企业走向世界 as china’s reform and opening-up continues, we shall vigorously(积极—力度，active--积极，态度)implement the strategy of ―going global‖ and encourage enterprises of all ownerships to do so.随着我国改革开放的深入和综合国力的增强，上海金融业必将在更高的层次上得到全面地拓展。（enjoy/embark on）5）中国进一步发展经济，扩大开放，对各国企业就意味着更多的商机（there be）

as china opens wider and continues to develop its economy, there will be more business opportunities to companies across the world.中国社会的变化，使得许多问题得到了解决，同时也产生了一些问题。As china changes, many problems are solved and new ones crop up.4，适应这个发展趋势 in response to this development trend.人们的反应不一，但是就旧金山的同性恋人群来收，当一项严肃的教育计划出台后，因同性恋行为而传播的疾病大大下降了 people will respond differently, but for the homosexual population in Sanfansisco, when a serious educational campaign was launched, the homosexually-transmitted diseases decreased dramatically.为了应对长虹的有一次降价，TCL将重点放在严格的质量控制和提高售后服务上

To counter this another price cut by its rival, TCL focuses/ puts much emphasis on strict quality control and better after-sales services.中国作为一个发展中国家面临着发展经济和保护环境的双重任务。As a developing country, china is confronted with / faces.the dual task of economic development and environmental protection.他认为在后冷战时期，全球冲突愿与文化冲突，而文化冲突的焦点集中在宗教和信仰的不同，而非意识形态的不同。也非国与国之间在经济和政治上的对抗。特认为同属一个文明圈的国家将聚合在一起，信奉儒教和伊斯兰教的国家将站在同一条战线上，与西方国家和世界其他地区形成对抗。

He argues(在表述观点的时候通常用)that in the post-cold war era, global conflicts focuses on different religious beliefs instead of different ideologies, still less the economic and political confrontation between countries..he holds that countries belonging to the same civilization rim will unite and Confucius and Islamic countries will stand together against the rest of the world.5，总体上对全球经济发展有好处。Be conducive /beneficial to global economy at large.但也必须看到 be aware of

事实上亚洲经济上的成功是亚洲人民觉悟起来，产生了文化认同感。他们8,促进各国生产力的发展 expand productive forces(当然，此处用promote也是可以的。)1）扩大对外开放 open wider to the outside world.2）扩大对外开放的领域和地域 expand areas of economic operation/activities and geographical regions that are open to the outside world.3）扩大就业渠道 create more jobs 9，弘扬发展精神 promote / carry forward the spirit of achieving development though cooperation.1）弘扬中华文化的精髓 promote/carry forward the best elements/marrow of Chinese culture.东亚，南亚，西亚，和中亚在地理上相对独立，经济发展各具特色

--------are relatively separate in geographical locations and unique in the ways of achieving economic development.（这里不能用independent来形容相对独立。因为这个词的政治色彩太浓，而文章中所要表达的是地理概念）

3）我们要坚持产品多元化战略，坚持以质取胜 we shall pursue the strategy of product diversification and trying to win success by relying on quality.（和科教兴国的翻译方法差不多）

11，合作的空间大于竞争的空间（there is bigger scope for/more space for cooperation than for competition）bonds also appeal to investors because of their scope for capital appreciation 债券也吸引投资者因为债券有折更好的资本升值空间

in a nutshell, an investor should consider investing in bonds as an alternative for the purpose of diversification in investment(当作投资选择)总之，投掷这应该考虑投资于股票，将其作为投资多元话的一种投资手段/选择

corporate bonds offer an ideal alternative to equities and government bonds, providing some of the benefits of each.(相对于---之外的更理想的投资选择/手段)12, 加强企业间的合作是当今企业发展的重要方向----closer/strengthened cooperation between companies defines /features/point out(the direction of)the future development

1)这些将为亚洲国家和地区扩大交流，深化合作，提供重要的渠道和机制，（adj代替动词）

This will provide /offer important channels and mechanisms for more /improved exchanges and closer cooperation between countries in Asia.2)加强双边合作有利于推动区域合作的顺利开展(serve, facilite)Closer bilateral cooperation serves /facilitates regional cooperation

12，这种观点是很有见地的 this is quite insightful and well-grounded./sensible 一段时间以来许多方面对亚洲区域合作的发展方向提出了不少独到的见解

Over a time, many have contributed very sensible/insightful views on the orientation of Asia regional cooperation 13，改革开放以来，中国企业与海外企业积极开展经济技术合作，取得了巨大成就ever since reform and opening-up, Chinese companies and overseas companies have conducted vigorous economic cooperation and scored great achievements.我们的本地化进程加快了技术转让 our localization/local presence has accelerated technology transfer.我们正处在一个从工业化社会向服务和信息社会的转轨过程。We are right in a transition from an industrialized society to an information society.转变政府职能 transform the governmental functions.indeed, many visitors to New Zealand are impressed by what they see, and they want to transplant New Zealand methods and technologies to their own countries.的确，很多来新西兰的游客对所见印象深刻，他们希望能够将新西兰的方法移植到本国，（translate science and technology into productive forces.将先进的科技转化为生产力）14,中国将严格遵守

honor/observe 今晚我们在金陵饭店为您接风洗尘，并将南京的朋友介绍给你。

Tonight we’ll hold a dinner party for you and I’d like you to meet my friends in Nanjing.15，全方位，多层次，宽领域的对外开放 a multidirectional and multilevel opening-up in a wide rage of areas.海化集团是一个集科，工，贸于一体的跨地区，跨行业，跨所有制的大型集团公司。公司下设研究所，物贸中心，百货商店，房地产开发公司，娱乐总汇，旅游公司以及中澳合资纺织品有限公司等40家公司，拥有资产5亿多元，员工6000多人，年销售额18亿元。

Haihua group is a large cross-regional, cross-industrial and cross-trade group corporation encompassing scientific research, manufacturing and trade.It has under it a research institute, a material-trading center, a department store, a real estate development company, a recreational concourse , a travel agency and a sino-Austrialian jointly-funded textile co, ltd, altogether 40 members, wigh a total assets of 500 million, a staff of 6000 and an annual sales income of 18 billion.棘手的形容词（处理方法和棘手的形容词差不多）如果在句子的结构中比较靠前，那么提到前面翻译成一句话，如果在后面，那么提出来，放到句子末尾翻译成一句话。如果在中间，那么就地翻译。Champaign is an international symbol of some kind of pleasure.在全世界，香槟都代表了一种欢快的生活

Too much emphasis on earnings growth and individual initiative, coupled with a shocking absence of the usual corporate checks and balances turned Enron’s entrepreneurial culture form one that rewarded aggressive strategy to one that increasingly relied on unethical means.过分的强调收益的增长以及个人主观能动性，以及令人震惊的是，缺乏常有公司的监管平衡机制，这些事的黯然的企业文化从提倡进去战略变成越来越依靠不道德的手段。

Enron seemed to have transformed itself from a stogy regulated utility to a fast-moving enterprise where performance was paramount 似乎黯然已经转变，从一个行动迟缓的，条条框框/没收成规的/繁文缛节的公司变成了一个行动迅速，重视绩效的单位 Layers of management were wiped out.Hundreds of outsiders were recruited and encouraged to bring new thinking to a tradition-bound business.好多的管理层被提掉了，从外面招聘了很多新人，并且鼓励他们将新的思想带进一个受传统束缚的企业。

People become mentally rigid and increasingly fixed in their views are they age(随着年龄的增长，人们变得思维僵化，墨守成规)开始重新考虑西方的社会和政治模式是否适用于他们本国。

In fact, aAsia’s economic success has awakened its people，they now have a cultural recognition.They begin to reconsider whether the western social and political systems apply in their countries.6，在推动经济全球化和贸易自由化的过程中

While doing/ in the process of pushing forward economic globalization and trade liberalization(in an all-out drive for表示全力推进---，成都来的更厉害)从国情出发，中国在全面推进现代化的过程中，将环境保护作为一项基本国策，将实现经济持续发展作为一项重要战略，同时在全国范围内开展污染防治和生态环境保护。

（working/proceeding form national conditions / in the process of pushing forward the modernization cause in an all-round manner）(launch a nationwide campaign for pollution treatment and prevention)卓有成效的引导国家在过去几十年打下的良好基础上，朝向新的高峰前进

Working from the solid foundation laid in past decades, our Central leadership has taken us to even greater heightens.7,有两种发展趋势 there are two development trends/ there are two scenarios/there are two tracks/courses for consider the following three scenarios, all of which are distinct possibilities that may unfold over the next generation or two

想想一下三种情况吧，所有这些情况都是很有可能在接下来的一两代人身上展现出来。

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