2011秋中级口译考试英译汉原题及参考译文

第一篇：2011秋中级口译考试英译汉原题及参考译文

2011秋中级口译考试英译汉原题及参考译文

原文：

The relative decline of American education at the elementary-and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation’s future.Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world.Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Poland, behind at least 10 other nations.Within the United States, the achievement gap between white students and poor and minority students stubbornly persists.For much of the last half century professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well.Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied.What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, is the quality of the teacher.Much of the ability to teach is innate— an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess and some people definitely do not.参考译文：

中小学教育水平相对滞后的问题长期以来一直困扰着美国，并且威胁着国家未来的发展。曾几何时，美国学生在考试中总是领先于其他各国的莘莘学子。而如今，在与欧洲国家学子的角逐中，美国只能与波兰平起平座，并远远落后于其余十多个国家。在全美，白人学生与贫困家庭学生以及少数民族学生之间的成就差距始终是国家教育中的顽疾，久治不愈。

过去大半个世纪中，教育专家们纷纷认为，老师一旦掌握正确的教育方法，懂得如何教导学生，一切问题将会迎刃而解。而近几年来，研究学者则发现了另一个因素，它貌似明显却又由于种种原因而受到忽视、遭遇摒弃。能使教育发生实质蜕变的，不是课堂人数，不是教科用书，不是教学方法，不是科学技术，而是教师水准。教学能力很大一部分是天性使然的，这种能力体现在激励每一颗萌动的心灵，这种能力体现在驯服每一位不羁的学子。这种能力，有人与生俱来，而有人望尘莫及。

原文：

越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。

这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。

译文：

An increasing number of Chinese parents overseas with education in English have realized the importance of commanding Chinese as well as that of mastering indispensable English.The rise of China has fully awakened their awareness of the benefits of their kids’ bilingual study, that is, both to increase their chances of employment and to facilitate their contact and familiarity with two different cultures, the Oriental and the Occidental.They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese.At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only.Now, they have begun their positive support of their kids’ study of Chinese and Chinese culture, of their frequent visit of China to admire its magnificent natural scenery and to command its cultural heritage.2010年9月中级口译翻译汉译英原文及考生译文

说起上海老城，总让人与古老传统的东西联系在一起，例如明代的豫园和清代的城隍庙。

上海建成已有700多年历史，但是最具有人文发展历史的时期是开埠以后的150年，例如：华洋杂居、石库门、老字号等等，都发生在开埠后的上海。流传于老城内外的民间文化丰富多彩。著名的“上海老城人物风情画卷”生动地描述了上海老城市民的生活百态。上海老城是历史文明与现代文明的兼容并蓄。无论上海城市发展得如何日新月异，它将记录上海城市发展的历史华章。

学生版译文，参考分数：30分

When talking about the old town of Shanghai, we always associate it with the ancient and traditional, such as the Yuyuan Garden in the Ming Dynasty and Chenghuangmiao(the City God Temple or the Temple of the City God).Although Shanghai boasts a history of more than 700 years, the most splendid period is the 150 years since its opening up to the outside world.During this period of time, Shanghai was a mixed residential area for both the locals and the foreigners, featured by its unique architectural style.named Shikumen(stone-framed gate)houses and time-honored brands.The folk culture in the old town and beyond is colorful and various.The famous “Scroll of Shanghai Locals” depicted vividly aspects of life in town.The old town of Shanghai is a perfect combination of historical and modern civilization.No matter how fast Shanghai develops, it will still keep a record of its development.2010年9月中级口译翻译英译汉学生高分版

The economic system of the United States is principally one of private ownership.In this system, consumers, producers and government make economic decisions on a daily basis, mainly through the price system.The dynamic interaction of these three groups makes the economy function.The market’s primary force, however, is the interaction of producers and consumers;hence the “market economy” designation.美国的经济制度主要是私有制经济。在这种体制中，消费者、生产者和政府通过价格体系每天都做出经济决策。正是这三者之间的互动关系才使经济得以运转。而主要动力则来自生产者和消费者之间，因而就有了“市场经济”这个名称。

As a rule, consumers look for the best values for what they spend while producers seek the best price and profit for what they have to sell.Government, at the federal, state, and local level, seeks to promote the public security, assure fair competition, and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises.通常消费者花钱买东西，总想获得最大价值；而生产者则想从所卖出的产品上获得最高的价钱和利润。联邦、州和地方各级政府要做的是增强公众的安全感，确保公平竞争，并提供一系列服务，相信这些服务性事业由公有企业来办要比私人企业来办更好。

Generally, there are three kinds of enterprises: single-owner operated businesses, partnerships and corporations.The first two are important, but it is the latter structure that best permits the amassing of large sums of money by combing the investments of many people who, as stockholders, can buy and sell their shares at any time on the open market.Corporations make large-scale enterprises possible.一般来说，有三种类型的企业：个体业主开办的企业，合伙企业和大型企业。前两者都非常重要，但第三种企业最大程度上允许股东等投资者筹集巨额资金，而股东在任何时候都可以在公开市场上买卖他们所有的公司股份。正因为如此，大型企业才得以开办。

2011春季中级口译汉译英、英译汉原文及参考答案

中口英译汉

A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing;that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse;and that the cause is human activity, in the form.of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.A minority, though, are skeptical.Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end.Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.we believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it.That is the job of the politicians.But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty.There are no certainties in science.Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again.That is the job of the scientists.参考译文：

世界上大部分气候学家自己确信——而且还使得很多外行人（其中一些是有政治权利的人）相信——地球的气候正在变化。这种变化从人类的观点来看是变得更糟。而引起气候变化的则是人类的活动，其表现形式是温室气体过量排放。

不过，有少数气候学家对此持怀疑态度。有的认为，最近的数据表明地球的平均气温正在上升，但这些数据可以由太阳辐射的自然变化来解释，而且气温上升的趋势可能行将结束。还有一些人认为，现在还没有没有确凿的证据证明现代的气温高于往昔。

我们认为，地球变暖是一个严重的威胁，世界各国都需要采取措施来防止气候变暖。这是政治家们的任务。但是我们并不相信气候变化是确定无疑的。在科学领域没有确定无疑的事情，盛行的理论必须不断进行验证，加以改进，而后收集更多的证据，再对理论进行验证。这是科学家们的工作。

中口汉译英

豫园是上海著名的古典园林，已有400多年的历史。花园设计独特，具有明清两代南方的建筑艺术的风格。园内共有40余景，景色自然迷人，亭台楼阁、假山池塘和谐对称、协调均衡，其布局之精致自古闻名江南。

豫园原为明代一位大官的私家花园，始建于1559年，直到20年后才建成。此后曾几经变迁，屡遭摧残。所幸的是，从1949年上海解放时，园内的主要景点尚完好无损。从1956年开始，豫园经过多次修缮，重现其昔日光彩。

参考译文：

Yu Yuan Garden is a famous classical garden in Shanghai, with a history of more than 400 years.Ingenious in design, the garden is typical of the southern architectural style.of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.It has some 40 different scenes, presenting an attractive landscape.The pavilions, terraces, towers, rockeries and ponds are laid out in perfect harmony and balance.This exquisite layout has been renowned in the south of the Yangtzi River across ancient times.Yu Yuan Garden was originally a private garden of a high-ranking official in the Ming Dynasty.Construction of the garden started in 1559, and it was not completed until 20 years later/ it took two decades to complete the construction.Later on, it underwent many changes and suffered repeated destruction.Luckily, by the time Shanghai was liberated in 1949, main scenic points in the garden were still in good condition.After a number of renovations which first began in 1956, Yu Yuan Garden has regained its splendor of the former days.

第二篇：2013年9月中级口译英译汉真题及答案解析

2013年9月中级口译英译汉真题及答案解析

2013年09月16日18:17 沪江英语 微博 我有话说

编辑点评：2013年秋季上海中高级口译考试于今日9月15日开考，沪江英语在考后第一时间提供真题、解析、答案信息，本文为2013年9月中级口译英译汉答案部分。

原文：

American are much more likely than citizens of other nations to believe that they live in a meritocracy, i.e.Government by people selected according to merit.But this self-image is a fantasy: America actually stands out as a the advanced country in which it matters most who your parents were, the country in which those born on one of society’s lower rungs have the least chance of climing to the top or even to the middle。

And if you ask why America is more class-bound in practice than the rest of the Western world, a large part of the reason is that our government falls down on the job of creating equal opportunity。

The failure starts early: in America, the holes in the social safety net mean that both low-income mothers and their children are all too likely to suffer from poor nutrition and receive inadequate health care.It continues once children reach school age, where they encounter a system in which the afflent send their kids to good, well-financed public schools or, if they choose, to private schools, while less-advantaged children get a far worse education。

参考译文：

美国人可能比任何其他国家的人都更相信他们生活在一个崇尚精英体制国家，比如他们坚信有能力的人才会被人民选为政府的一份子。但他们这个自我的认识可说是一种幻觉。虽然美国发达强大，傲视群雄，但在那里家庭背景却极其重要，若一个人出生在无权无势的家庭，他成为精英甚至中产阶级的机会则是微乎其微的。

如果你要问为什么实际上美国比其他西方国家都要阶级分明，政府在创造公平机会这件事情上的失职从很大程度上来说是罪魁祸首。

这种失职从很早就开始了，社会的安全网存在着漏洞，这就意味着低收入的母亲和儿童将遭受营养不良和医疗不利之苦。这个趋势将会继续下去---等小孩到了上学的年纪，富人可以送小孩上优质的、资金充足的学校，如果他们愿意，甚至可以去私立学校，而家境贫寒的人只能委身于水准低得多的教育。

第三篇：如何解决中级口译口试英译汉的问题

如何解决中级口译口试英译汉的问题

我最常用的方式有两种。一种是综合训练。另外一种是集中练习笔记。

步骤如下：

1.可以边看讲话原文，边记笔记。必须想象是边听边记，所以不能看了很长一段才记。必须看几个字一记。

2.完成后注意笔记中，字与字之间是否有视觉上的关联；是否有线条表示逻辑结构或关系。初学者的毛病往往是只有单字，没有关联。而且，会字与字太近，很容易把自己搞糊涂。不知道两个字是各有所指呢？还是两个不同意群。3.最后看看哪些地方可以改进。

笔记是口译讯息整理与保存的工具，运用这项工具时必须先了解到底笔记的内容是什么。缩减练习中已经提到，建立新架构的必要讯息是5W1H「六何」（何人、何事、何时、何地、何物、如何）。再加上，数字与专有名词就是了。

练习的时候如果觉得录音比较难怎么办？

因人而异。可以把录音多听几遍。第一遍等于是听力练习，扫除词汇障碍。到后两遍听力没有问题了，再练笔记。

其实，任何方法都是实践出来的。别人的方法也必须自己亲身实践然后修剪增加改造，形成适合自己的方法，记号等等，一定要练成下意识，就是熟到不能再熟（尤其是记号，因为别人的记号很难让自己产生共鸣，所以除非你练到下意识，否则很难解决自己的问题，因为几分之一秒对自己而言都非常的重要。）然后你会发现形成经验后，记录可以更减，这是磨出来的。

巨大的工程哦~

推荐一个帖子，研究下别人的过程还是很有用的。

第四篇：2011年3月中级口译英译汉原文和参考答案

2011年3月中级口译英译汉原文和参考答案

A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing;that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse;and that the cause is human activity, in the form of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.世界上大部分气候学家已经使他们自己及许多普通民众（包括一些政界人士）确信，地球的气候正处于变化之中；对人类而言，这一变化正日趋严重；罪魁祸首是人类活动，其表现形式为过量排放二氧化碳之类的温室气体。

A minority, though, are sceptical.Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end.Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.但是，仍有一小部分人对此持怀疑态度。一些人表示，虽然近期的数据表明地球的平均气温正在升高，但其原因是太阳辐射的自然波动，这一趋势可能临近结束。另一些人认为并没有决定性证据表明近现代的地球温度高于古代。

we believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it.That is the job of the politicians.But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty.There are no certainties in science.Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again.That is the job of the scientists.我们认为，全球变暖是人类面临的严重威胁，世界各国需要采取措施，竭力避免这一问题。这是政治家的职责。但是我们也相信气候变化并不是必然的。科学无绝对。盛行的理论必须不断得到实际证据的检验。一旦搜集到了新的证据，就需要进行再次验证。这是科学家的任务。

第五篇：中级口译考试段落

文化是指一个民族的整体生活方式。这一简单定义的含义使文化包括了这样一些内容，即一个民族的风俗、传统、社会习惯、价值观、信仰、语言、思维方式以及El常活动。文化还包含了文明史。从广义上说，有两种文化，即物质文化和精神文化。物质文化是具体的、可见的，而精神文化则比较蕴蓄、比较抽象。

Culture means the total way of life of a people.This simple definition implies that culture refers to the customs, traditions, social habits, values, beliefs, language, ways of thinking and daily activities of a people.It also includes the history of civilization.In the broad sense, there are two types of culture, that is, material culture and spiritual culture.Material culture is concrete and observable, while spiritual culture implicit and abstract.由于人类语言是文化的直接表现，所以第二语言的学习涉及了第二文化的学习。第二语言教师应该引导学生注意并了解他们所学语言的文化内容。包括理解外族文化的价值观，掌握外族文化的礼仪，了解外族文化与本族文化之间的差异。

Because human language is a direct manifestation of culture, learning a second language involves learning a second culture.For the teacher of a second language, he or she should make sure to develop the students' awareness and knowledge of the culture of the target language they are learning.This includes understanding the values of the target culture, acquiring a command of the etiquette of the target culture and understanding the differences between the target culture and the students' own culture.随着学生外语学习的深化，他们会增进对所学语言民族的文化特征的认识。这种开阔了的文化认识可以涉及文化的所有方面：外族人的生活方式，以及外族社会的地理、历史、经济、艺术和科学等。我们知道，每个民族的文化有不同于其他民族文化的礼仪规范。因此，学生在上外语课时应该学习操目标语的民族那些恰当得体的礼仪规范，学习如何理解陌生的文化习俗，学习在与外族人交际时应有的言谈举止。

As students progress through a foreign language program, it is expected that they will increase their awareness of the cultural characteristics of the speakers of the language under study.This broadened cultural knowledge may touch on all aspects of culture, the people's way of life as well as the geographic, historical, economic artistic and scientific aspects of the target society.We know that each culture has different etiquette patterns.And therefore, in a foreign language course, students should learn the appropriate etiquette patterns expected of the people living in the country where the target language is spoken.Students should also learn how to interpret unfamiliar cultural conventions and how to act appropriately when communicating with the persons of the foreign culture.改革开放30年来，随着中国逐渐崛起成为政治经济强国，海外人士学习汉语的现象与日俱增，海外孔子学院也成了人们学习中国语言和中国文化的首选之地。//通过学习汉语，他们对这个和自己文化大相径庭的古老文明产生了浓厚的兴趣，而且有机会了解中国的哲学、艺术、医学、饮食文化，亲身体验这个文明古国的风采。//作为第二文化，中国文化也丰富了他们的生活和世界观。可以说，这个潮流方兴未艾 As china is rising as a political and economic world power, thanks to its three-decade reform and opening up, more and more people in overseas countries start to learn Chinese and turn to a Confucius Institute in their own countries as their first choice for learning Chinese language and Chinese culture.// During the learning process, the learners concurrently develop their interest in this ancient land,whose civilization is so vastly different from theirs.And during the learning progress,the learners have opportunities to learn about Chinese philosophy, art, architecture, medicine and catering culture and experience first-hand the splendors of this venerable civilization.// Meanwhile, Chinese culture has enriched the life and world outlook of the learners.This trend, so to speak, is gathering momentum and is there to stay 越来越多的学习汉语的美国人除了对中国菜肴赞不绝口之外，也在尝试针灸，草药和武术。//他们也看功夫电影，学习东方时装潮流和手工艺，不知不觉的在日常生活中谈及中国的点心，人参、银杏，乌龙茶等。目前在美国最热门的中国文化是道家学说和有着神秘色彩的风水学。

It's interesting to note that apart from their love for Chinese cuisine, more and more American learners of Chinese language are turning to Chinese acupuncture,herbal medicines, martial arts.// They are also interested in kongfu films, fashions and crafts.Seemingly outlandish words such as dimsum, ginseng, gingko, oolong cha have crept into their everyday language.The latest Chinese cultural icons to make its impact there are Taoism,and ancient school of thought, and fengshui, an ancient art of placement.//

在这个经济全球化的时代背景下，大学将扮演怎样的角色呢？大学将如何通过旨在提高生活质量、推动经济发展的创新活动进而推动社会的进步呢？在这个日新月异、充满变数的社会，大学又将如何培养那些善于取精用弘的学生呢？//今天我演讲的重点是大学创新与研究的作用，因为创新是大学精神之所在，同时也是经济增长和新技术产生的主要原因。我们应该认识到，本科生教育和研究生教育都与研究紧密相连。我们的教育应该为学生创造一种可以探寻新知识、带来新发现的氛围，将教学与研究融合在一起的教育可以培养一批活跃在探索前沿、聪颖开放的青年才俊。//一届又一届的大学毕业生可以向社会传播发明创造的知识。

What will the role of universities be in this globalized economy? How will they contribute to improving society through innovation that will improve the quality of life and support economic growth? How will they prepare their graduates who will extract the best and explore the greatest in this increasingly complex society?//Most of my remarks will focus on the roll of innovation and research in the university since that is university spirit ,as well as the primary source of economic growth and new technologies.It is important to remember that undergraduate education and post-graduate education are tightly linked to research.Our education programs should ensure that the students are learning in anatmosphere characterized by the pursuit of new knowledge and process of discovery.An interrelated educational program will create a flow of young, bright and uninhibited minds to work on the frontier of discovery.//The process of graduation will disseminate the knowledge of new discoveries and innovations.大学最的使根本的使命就是创造新知识，虽然大学所创造的新只是有时会立即产生实际应用价值，但这决不是大学所追求的唯一目标。将获取实际应用价值的目标定位大学的主要目标是一种短视行为。基础研究也同样是大学的使命，而且大学在推动基础研究方面能发挥独特的作用。//选对人是确保创新型研究环境的首要因素，也是最为关键的因素。选人要选三种人： 第一种人是浮想联翩的思想家，第二种人是富有革命精神的探索家，第三种人是不受常规约束的实 干家。// The fundamental mission of a university is the creation of new knowledge which sometimes has immediate practical applications.But that can never be the only goal.And making it a primary goal will frequently be short-sighted.Basic contributions to knowledge should be valued for being exactly that.Our university has an almost unique role in fostering such contribution.//Choosing the right people is the first and perhaps the most crucial step in ensuring an innovative environment.There are three types of people that can be important.The first class of individuals consists of fanciful visionaries.The second class of important people in innovative environment consists of revolutionary explorers.The third class of individuals consists of uninhibited executors.//