高考英语知识点中很让人头疼的——状语从句

第一篇：高考英语知识点中很让人头疼的——状语从句

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高考英语知识点中很让人头疼的——状语从句

关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

状语从句(Adverbial Clause)

状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。

根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。

时态特点

一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。

例如：

I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我到北京就将给你打电话。

(这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句，从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时，表示一般将来时，绝不可用will arrive)

As soon as I have finished this work, I will have gone home.我一完成此工作，就回家。

(从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时have finished，表示将来完成时,绝不可用will have finished)

If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回来了，请通知我。http://www.xiexiebang.com/beijing/

(从句中的谓语动词用comes back,表示一般将来时，绝不可用will come back)从句通常结构：主 do sth.do sb.(条件)+ V.结果

一、时间状语从句

常用引导词：when(在„时), as(当„时), while(在„期间), as soon as(一„„就„„), before(在„之前), after(在...之后), since(自从...以来), not...until(直到„才)until/till(直到„时)等

特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant(瞬间，顷刻), immediately , directly(不久，立即), no sooner „ than(一...就...), hardly „when(刚一...就...), scarcely „ when(刚...就.../一...就...)

当用no sooner „ than，hardly „when，scarcely „ when作为引导词的时候，从句要部分倒装。

I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.直到我成为了一个成年人我才意识到我的母亲是多么的特殊。

While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.当约翰看电视时，他的妻子正在做饭。

The children ran away from the orchard(果园), the moment they saw the guard.孩子们一看到守卫就逃出了果园。

No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.还没等我到家就开始下雨了。

(<---This translation is wrong.No sooner...than...means something happened right after something happened.)(我一到家就开始下雨了。)

Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.每当我听取你的建议时，我就会惹上麻烦。http://www.xiexiebang.com/beijing/

二、地点状语从句

常用引导词：where

特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere

Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.一般来说，有工厂的地方空气污染就严重。

Wherever you go, you should work hard.无论你去哪里，你都应该努力工作。

地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导，已经形成了固定的句型，例如：

Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的或根本不可能的。

They were good persons.Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.他们都是好人。因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎。

You should have put the book where you found it.你应该把书放回原来的地方。

Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中国共产党，哪里的人民就得解放。

Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海员。

三、原因状语从句

常用引导词：because, since, as，特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that.My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.http://www.xiexiebang.com/beijing/

我的朋友都不喜欢我，因为我又英俊又成功。

Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.既然每个人都到了，让我们开始我们的会议吧。

The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.更高的收入税是有害的，因为它或许会阻碍人们努力赚钱。

四、目的状语从句

常用引导词：so that, in order that

特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that

The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.老板要求秘书快写函件以便他能在上面签字。

The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.为了让后面的学生听得更清楚，老师有意地提高了他的声音。

注意，由for引导的是一个并列句，不是原因状语从句，但有表原因的意思，是并列连词。

五、结果状语从句

常用引导词：so „ that, such „ that，特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that，He got up so early that he caught the first bus.他很早起床以便赶上第一班公共汽车

It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.这是一个好机会，千万不能错过它 http://www.xiexiebang.com/beijing/

To such a degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.他激动到这个程度，以至于他昨晚睡不着

六、条件状语从句

常用引导词：if, unless,whether(whether...or not)

特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case(美语中表条件，英语中表目的), on condition that

We’ll start our project if the president agrees.如果总统同意，我们将开始我们的项目

You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.只要你继续努力，你一定会成功的。

Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.如果没有人反对，我们就在这里开会。

七、让步状语从句

常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though

特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首)，no matter „，in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever

Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.尽管我很尊敬他，但是我却不同意他的建议。

The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.老人都很喜欢游泳，即使天气很恶劣。

No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.不论他如何努力，她都不会改变她的主意。

He won’t listen whatever you may say.他不会听你说什么。http://www.xiexiebang.com/beijing/

八、比较状语从句

常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)

特殊引导词：the more „ the more „;just as „，so„;A is to B what/as X is to Y;no „ more than;not so much A as B

She is as bad-tempered as her mother.她和她妈妈一样脾气很坏。

The house is three times as big as ours.这房子是我们的三倍大。

The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.你运动的越多，你就越健康。

Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。

九、方式状语从句

常用引导词：as, as if, how

特殊引导词：the way

When in Rome, do as the Romans do.入国问禁，入乡随俗。

She behaved as if she were the boss.她表现得好像她是老板。

Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.有时，我们用父母教导我们的方式教导我们的孩子。

十、状语从句的省略

状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it;②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如：

When(the museum is)completed , the museum will be open to the public next year.http://www.xiexiebang.com/beijing/

当博物馆完成，该博物馆将于明年向公众开放。

He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if(it is)possible.如果可能，他将去海边度假的话

另外，比较状语从句经常省略。例如：

I’m taller than he(is tall).我比他高

The higher the temperature(is), the greater the pressure(is).温度越高，气压越大

就状语从句而言,有时为了使语言言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行“简化”。状语从句的“简化”现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。

状语从句的“简化”现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:

①由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句;

②由although, though, even if / though等引导的让步状语从句;

③由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引导的时间状语从句;

④由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句;

⑤由as, than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。

(1)当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉。

例如:

If(it is)possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。

You must attend the meeting unless(it is)inconvenient to you。

除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这次会议。

(2)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形:

连词+形容词

As(he was)young, he learned how to ride a bike.http://www.xiexiebang.com/beijing/

他小时候就学会了骑自行车。

Whenever(she is)free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。

Work hard when(you are)young, or you'll regret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。

连词+名词

While(he was)a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩子时代就乐于助人。

Although(he was)a farmer, now he is a famous director.尽管他曾是个农民,但现在他是位著名的导演了。

连词+现在分词

As(she was)walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。

Although(he is)doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.尽管近来他一直在学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。

连词+过去分词

He won't go there with us unless(he is)invited.除非受到邀请,否则他不会和我们一道去那里。

The concert was a great success than(it was)expected

.这场音乐会出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。

连词+不定式

He stood up as if(he were)to say something.当时他站起来好像要说什么。

He wouldn't solve the problem even if(he were)to take charge.即使他来负责,他也解决不了这个问题。

连词+介词短语

She looked anxious as though(she was)in trouble.http://www.xiexiebang.com/beijing/

她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。

He had mastered the English language before(he was)in the USA.他到美国之前就懂英语了。

注意:当从句主语和主句主语不一致时,从句部分要么用完全形式,要么用独立主格结构来表达。

例如:

When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.当会议结束时,人们都走出了会议室。(=The meeting over)

第二篇：英语状语从句

（三）状语从句

（一）时间状语从句

例题 I didn’t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.A.unlessB.untilC.whenD.since 分析 时间状语从句在复合句中作状语，表示主句动作发生的时间。引导这种从句的词有after, before, as, when, while , till , until, since, once;连接副词immediately 等；起连接作用的短语as soon as, by the 不能用形容词such.例如：

● Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.4.so+ adj.(adv.)+that+从句●The boy is so old that he can go to school.5.so + adj.+ a(an)+单数名词

●He is so good a student that we all like him.time, hardly…when, no sooner…than等。例如： ● I was writing a letter when he came in.● She did not go to bet until she(had)finished her homework.● It is nearly six years since we began to learn English.● Once you begin, you must go on.● By the time I arrived at the station, the train had left.时间状语从句中谓语动词的时态用法，应注意下面两点： 1． 要用一般现在时替代一般将来时，例如： ● I’ll let him know when he comes.2.要用一般过去时替代过去将来时，例如： ●He said he would wait here until I came back.例题的意思是：“直到你说明怎么办之后，我才设法把这件事做好。”根据题意，须由until 引导此例的时间状语从句，所以正确答案应为B。

（二）地点状语从句

例题 When you read the book , you’d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.A.at whichB.at whereC.the place whereD.where

分析 地点状语从句在复合句中作状语，表示主句的动作发生的处所或方向，这种从句通常用连接副词where，wherever(无论在哪里，无论到哪里)引导。例如： ● Where there is oppression, there is struggle.例题的意思是：“你看书时，最好在有问题的地方做一个记号。”此复合句中的从句是个地点状语从句，须用连接副词where 引导，所以正确答案应为D。

（三）结果（程度）状语从句

例题 She told us _____story that we all forgot about the time.A.such an interestingB.such interesting aC.so an interestingD.a so interesting

分析 结果状语从句在复合句中作状语，表示主句的动作所引起的结果。这种从句由such…that, so…that, so that等引导。其用法举例如下： 1． Such +a(an)+(adj.)+单数可数名词+ that+从句

● He left in such a hurry that he forgot to lock the door.2.such+(adj.)+复数可数名词+从句

●He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.3.such+(adj.)+不可数名词+that+从句

●He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term exam.在“such+ adj.+ n.+that+ clause”这个结构中，其中名词由many, much, few, little 修饰时，须用副词so,例题中的结果状语从句由“such+ an + adj.+单数可数名词+that”引导。属于第一种情况，所以正确答案应为A。

（四）目的状语从句

例题 I hurried____ I wouldn’t be late for class.A.sinceB.so thatC.as ifD.unless 分析 目的状语从句在复合句中作状语，表示主句的动作发生的目的。这种从句用连词so that, in order that 等引导。目的状语从句的谓语动词中常有情态动词may/might, can/ could, will/ would 和should.例如：

● He is working hard so that he may pass his examination.例题中有一个目的状语从句，所以正确答案应为D。

（五）条件状语从句

例题_____he comes, we won’t be able to go.A.WithoutB.UnlessC.ExceptD.Even 分析 条件状语从句在复合句中作状语，表示主句的动作发生的条件、假定等。条件状语从句通常由连词if, unless和起连接作用的短语so/ as long as(只要)，so far as(就…)，suppose(that)(假定)等引导。例如：

● If it rains tomorrow, we’ll stay at home.● He will not come unless he is invited.● Suppose he is absent, what shall we do?

● As long as we don’t lose heart , we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.例题的选项中只有unless 可以引导一个条件状语从句，所以正确答案应为B。

（六）让步状语从句

例题 _____, he doesn’t study well.A.As he is cleverB.He is as cleverC.Clever as he isD.As clever he is

分析 让步状语从句在复合句中作状语，表示某种不利的情况或障碍，但这些因素并不能阻止主句的动作的发生。这种从句通常用连词although, though, as, however等；连接代词whatever, whoever等；起连接作用的短语even if though, no matter how what who 等引导。例如： ● Although/ Though the task was difficult, they managed to complete it in time.● Young as he is, he knows a lot.用as 引导让步状语从句时，常用倒装语序，如上面例句所示。● Nobody believed him no matter what / whatever he said.● He will never succeed.however/no matter how hard he tries.● Even if/ though an icy wind blew from the north, we always slept with our windows open.例题中有一个as 引导的让步状语从句，故从句中的表语clever 须放到as 前面去，所以正确答案应为C。

第三篇：2012-2014年高考英语题型 单选 状语从句

12-14年高考题型汇编之单选---状语从句 34.Whenever youa present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view.（2014湖南）

A.boughtB.have boughtC.will buyD.buy

35.ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.（2014湖南）A.Having freedB.FreedC.To freeD.Freeing

31.nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.（2014江西）A.Having spentB.To spentC.SpentD.To have spent

20._______ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.（2014陕西）

A.Working outB.Worked outC.To work outD.Work out

7.— I hope to take the computer course.— Good idea.______ more about it, visit this website.（2014四川）A.To find out

found out

5.Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, onlyit didn’t fit.（2014天津）A.to find

5.I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, _______ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.（2014浙江）A.whenB.whereC.whichD.why

4.You’d better write down her phone number before you _______ it.（2014重庆）

A.forgetB.are forgettingC.forgotD.will forget11.Group activities will be organized after class _______ children develop team spirit.（2014重庆）A.helpingB.having helpedC.helpedD.to helpB.foundC.findingD.having foundB.Finding outC.To be finding out D.Having

第四篇：2013年高考定语和状语从句解析

2013年高考英语定语从句试题分类解析

【2013新课标I卷】33.”You can’t judge a book by its cover,”_______.A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old saying

C.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。考查as引导的定语从句，意为：正如古语所说。

【2013新课标II卷】4.When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house________ Iwould be staying.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句中stay为不及物动词，故不缺主干成分，用关系副词；先行词为house，指地点，故用关系副词where。

【2013湖南】21.Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为those，指人；定语从句中缺少主语，故使用关系代词who。

【2013江西】33.He wrote a letter ______ he explains what had happened in the accident.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。先判断从句类型为定语从句，定语从句中谓语explain后接what引导的宾语从句作宾语，因此不缺少主干成分，排除B项，答案为C。

【2013福建】27.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _______ lives were affected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。其中those作为先行词，定语从句中缺少lives的定语，故用whose。

【2013江苏】32.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China__________, he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为passion，定语从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词which。

【2013辽宁】34.He may win the competition, _____ he is likely to get into the national team.A.in which caseB.in that caseC.in what caseD.in whose case

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。两分句间无连词，故排除B项（不能用作连词，in this/ that case用于并列句中）。此处which指代前面主句，in which case引导定语从句用语替代并列句中的in this/ that case。句意为：他可能赢得这场比赛，如果这样的话，他就可能进入国家队。

【2013北京】27.Many countries are now setting up national parks_________ animals and plants can be protected.A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.where

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句中不缺少主干成分，故使用关系副词；先行词指地点，故选where。

【2013山东】31.There is no simple answer, _____ is often the case in science.A.asB.that C.when D.where

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。此处as引导定语从句指代整个主句内容，含有“正如”之意，定语从句部分译为“在科学上这是常有的事”。

【2013山东】35.Finally he reached a lonely island _________ was completely cut off from the outside world.A.whenB.whereC.which D.whom

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。句意为：最后他到达一个完QQ： 1084591801 首发全与世隔绝的孤岛。定语从句中缺少主语，因此使用关系代词；先行词island指物，故使用关系代词which.【2013陕西】16._____is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。此处as引导的定语从句位于主句之前，指代整个主句内容。意为：正如孩子们常有的情况一样，医生到的时候Amy就好了。

【2013四川】9.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ______ they live.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。此处先判断从句类型为定语从句，先行词为the environment，定语从句中live为不及物动词，因此不缺少主干成分，应填关系副词；且先行词environment指地点，故用where，相当于in which。

【2013天津】6.We have launched another man-made satellite, _____ is announced in today’s newspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。此处关系代词which指代整个主句引导非限制性定语从句。翻译为：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这是在今天的报纸上宣布的。故答案选B。

【2013浙江】5.The children, ______ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of whatB.all of whichC.all of themD.all of whom

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。先判断为定语从句，先行词为children，故答案为D。

【2013浙江】13.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ______ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句中不缺少主干成分，且先行词platform指地点，故用where。

【2013重庆】24.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _____ are family members.A themB.thatC.whichD.whom

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为40 people，定语从句中缺少主语，故使用whom。介词之后不能用that，应予以排除；which指先行词为物；them为人称代词，应用于并列句中。

【2013安徽】29.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ___made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.A.itB.thatC.whatD.which

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。此处which指代前面整个主句内容引导非限制性定语从句。句意：莫言2012年被授予诺贝尔奖，使中国长期以来的梦想之一成为现实。

2013年高考英语状语从句试题分类解析

【2013年新课标I卷】33.“You can’t judge a book by its cover,” ________.A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old saying

C.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying

【答案】C 本题考查as引导的状语从句。go old意思是“变老”，和题意不符，故排除选项A。选项B和D显然使用了全倒装语序，但本句不满足条件，不可能作为本题的正确答案。所以最佳答案是选项C，其中的as引导一个方式状语从句，意思是“如„„一样”。

【2013年上海卷】30.They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, ______ they might have.A.however difficult

C.whatever difficultyB.how difficult D.what difficulty

.答案：C解析：题干的意思是：“他们承诺，无论可能有什么困难，到今年底都要开发出一个软件包”。本题是一个主从复合句，由句意“无论”可知是让步状语从句，从而排除选项B，D。从句中的关键词是实义动词have，用还原法，可知是短语have difficulty，所以从句为whatever difficulty they might have。如果选B，则从句要改为：however difficult it might be。

【2013年安徽卷】23.It’s much easier to make friends ______ you have similar interests.A.unless B.when C.even though D.so that

【答案】B。本题考查状语从句的连词。本题可以把四个选项分别放到空处，其中只有选项B能使语意通顺，为正确答案；其他三个选项的意思分别是“除非”，“即使”，“以便”，都不合乎句意，排除。

【2013年北京卷】30.I took my driving license with me on holiday, ______ I wanted to hire a car.A.in case B.even if C.ever since D.if only

【答案】A。本题考查状语从句的连词。本题的解题关键是弄清“我带驾照”跟“租车之间”之间的逻辑关系，这样正确答案就很容易锁定了。

【2013年湖南卷】23．You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason______ you reach any decision.A．althoughB．beforeC．becauseD．unless

【答案】B。考查状语从句。解题思路：理清逻辑关系。对比reach any decision 和consult your feelings and your reason关系，不难看出，兼顾好情感与理智在前，做任何决定在后。

【2013年江苏卷】28.In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, ______ it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world.A.whatever B.whoever C.wherever D.whichever

【答案】 C。本题考查让步状语从句。在状语从句_____ it is discovered中，不缺少任何主要成分，所以引导词只能在从句中作状语，只可以选择副词性质的，所以答案很明显，选C。

【2013年辽宁卷】24.One can always manage to do more things, no matter____ full one’s schedule is in life.A.howB.whatC.whenD.where

【答案】 A。本题考查让步状语从句。让步状语从句中，no matter how=however。根据how+adj./adv.的原则，本题中full是形容词，所以选择A。

【2013年陕西卷】18.I have heard a lot of good things about you ______ I came back from abroad.A.sinceB.untilC.beforeD.when

【答案】 A。本题考查状语从句的连词。现在完成时态的其中一个用法是表示一个动作“从过去的某个时候发生，一直延续到现在”，从本句中的主句是现在完成时，从句是一般过去时来看，整个句子表达的正是这样的一个动作，故连词用since；如果用until或者before，则主句表示的动作都是发生在从句之前，都应该用过去完成时，排除B，C；如果用when，则主句应该用一般过去时，排除D。

【2013年四川卷】7.He is so busy.He cannot afford enough time with his son ______ he wants to.A.even ifB.as ifC.becauseD.before

【答案】 A。本题考查状语从句。句子的前段说他不能腾出时间，后段说他想，前后之间明显是让步关系，“即使想，也不能”，故正确答案是even if。其他三个选项的意思分别是好像，因为，在……之前，均不合句意，排除。

【2013年重庆卷】25.______ we have enough evidence, we can't win the case.A.Once B.As long as C.Unless D.Since

【答案】C。本题考查状语从句的连词。“我们有足够的证据”和“我们不能赢得这个案子”之间的关系有可能是两种：（1）让步关系；（2）否定前面的意思。四个选项中，没有表让步关系的although/though,，那么答案就应该是否定前面的意思，用unless，“如果我们没有……，我们就不能……”；其他三个连词明显与句意不符，排除。

第五篇：高考英语单项选择精品教案-并列句和状语从句

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专题九 并列句和状语从句

高考命题聚焦

1．(2011年高考山东卷)He had his camera ready________he saw something that would make a good picture.A．even if

B．if only C．in case

D．so that 解析：句意：他准备好了相机，以便他看到好的东西就随时拍下来。even if “即使”，引导让步状语从句； if only“如果„„就好了”，引导虚拟条件句；so that 引导目的和结果状语从句，均不符合句意。由句意可知应选in case，意为“以防万一”。答案：C 2．(2011年高考天津卷)________regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.A．If

B．As C．Although

D．Unless 解析：句意：虽然有规律的锻炼很重要，但在临睡觉前锻炼却从来不是个好主意。if可引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”；as 可引导时间状语从句，表示“当„„时”，若引导让步状语从句，句子需用倒装；分析前句“有规律的锻炼很重要”和后句“临睡前锻炼却不好”可知，前句为后句的让步状语，故选C项，although 表示“虽然”，可引导让步状语从句；unless 表示“除非”，引导条件状语从句。答案：C 3．(2011年高考江西卷)Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or ________ it is convenient to you.A．whenever

B．however C．whichever

D．wherever 解析：句意：请打电话让我的秘书安排一个会议，在今天下午或是任何你方便的时候。whenever无论何时；however无论如何；whichever无论哪一个；wherever无论何地。此处or连接的是和this afternoon并列的两个时间状语(从句)，故只有A项正确。答案：A 4．(2011年高考陕西卷)________ all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.A．Since

B．While C．If

D．As 解析：句意：尽管他们都是很有实力的求职者，但是只有一个人会被选中担任这一职位。since因为，既然；while尽管；if如果；as因为。根据句意选while。答案：B 5．(2011年高考福建卷)It was April 29,2011________Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.A．that

B．when C．since

D．before 解析：句意：2011年4月29日，威廉王子与凯特·米德尔顿步入了婚礼殿堂。分析句子结构可知，April 29,2011为定语从句的先行词，从句缺少时间状语，故用when引导。此题易误选A项that，认为这是强调句型“It's/was＋被强调部分＋that...”的应用。若选 that 的话，April 29,2011前要加介词on。答案：B

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核心考点突破

一、句子的分类

二、并列句的基本概念

并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。

三、常见的并列句

1．表递进关系：用来表递进关系的并列连词有and，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，not...but...等。

(2011年高考山东卷)Find ways to praise your children often，________you'll find they will open their hearts to you.A．till

B．or C．and

D．but 句意：如果你能找到一些方法来经常表扬你的孩子，你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。本题所考查的句式为“祈使句＋and/or＋ 陈述句”。本句中前面的祈使句表示条件，后面的陈述句表示条件下的结果，故用 and 连接；or表示“否则”，与句意不符。

C 2．表选择关系：常用的并列连词有or，either...or...，otherwise等。Either you are right，or I am.要么你对，要么我对。Don't drive so fast，or/otherwise you'll have an accident.不要开那么快，否则你会出事的。

3．表转折关系：常用的并列连词有but，yet，whereas，while等。Jane said she was ill，yet I saw her in the street just now.简说她病了，但刚才我在街上看到了她。

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Some men are rich，while/whereas others are poor.一些人很富有但其他人很贫穷。

4．表因果关系：常用的并列连词有so，for。It must have rained last night for it is wet all over.昨晚一定下雨了，到处都这么湿。

The shops were closed so I didn't get any milk.商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。

5．when还可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：(1)sb.was doing sth.when...(2)sb.was about to/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when...(3)sb.had just done sth.when...。

We were having a meeting when someone broke in.我们正在开会，这时突然有人闯了进来。

We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.我们正打算动身，突然下起了雨。

典例2](2011年高考浙江卷)One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away ________ my daughter heard cries for help.A．after

B．while C．since

D．when 句意：一个周五，我们正在打包裹动身去过周末，就在这时我女儿听到了呼救声。表示“正在做某事„„就在这时(突然)„„”用be doing sth.when…，所以D项正确。

D 6．while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music.他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。

一、时间状语从句 1．when，while和as when引导的从句的谓语动词既可是一个持续性动词，也可是非持续性动词；while引导的从句的谓语动词必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比；as引导的从句的谓语动词可以是持续性动词，也可以是非持续性动词，有“随着”之意，多用于主从句动作同时发生。

2．as soon as，immediately，directly，the moment，the minute，no sooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when，once等引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一„„就„„”。3．till，until和not(...)until till，until引导时间状语从句时，主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，主从句都为肯定式，意为“某动作一直延续到某一时间才停止”。not(...)until引导时间状语从句时，主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为“直到……才……”。not(...)until还可以用于强调句和倒装句。4．before和since 若表达“没过……就，过了……才”之意时，须用连词before，句式为“It was/will be＋时间段＋before...”；since意为“自从……”，句式为“It is/has been＋时间段＋since...”。

5．every time，each time，next time，the first time，any time等名词短语引导时间状语从句时，分别表示“每次……，每次……，下次……，第一次……，任何时候……”。

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Mary made coffee ________her guests were finishing their meal.A．so that

B．although C．while

D．as if 此处的while表示“当„„的时候”，表示两个动作同时发生；“玛丽煮咖啡”和“她的客人吃完饭”这两个动作是同时进行的，因此要用while。

C

二、让步状语从句

1．让步状语从句表示尽管有某种不利于主句动作发生的条件存在，主句中的情况依然会出现。引导让步状语从句的连词比较多，常见的有：although，though，while；even if＝even though；no matter＋疑问词＝疑问词＋ever；whether…or...。

although与though两者意思相近，用法也相近，都可以与yet，still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。2．as引导让步状语从句要倒装

as引导让步状语从句时，状语、表语及谓语动词的一部分应置于as之前。若表语是名词，前置时要省略冠词。

Tim is in good shape physically ________he doesn't get much exercise.A．as

B．even though C．unless

D．as long as 句意：尽管Tim锻炼得不多，但他的身材保持得很好。此处的even though表示让步，意为“即使”。

B(2011年高考辽宁卷)No matter how________，it is not necessarily lifeless.A．a desert may be dry

B．dry a desert may be C．may a desert be dry

D．dry may a desert be 句意：一个沙漠无论多么干旱，也不一定就没有生命。how 与形容词和可数名词单数连用的顺序为：how＋形容词＋a(n)＋可数名词单数，与其用法一样的还有so，too等。如：so difficult a question 如此难的一个问题；It's too long a journey to make in one day.旅程太远，一天之内到不了。故选B。

B

三、条件状语从句

引导条件状语从句的连词有：if，unless(＝if...not)(除非)，so(as)long as(只要)，in case(以防万一)，on condition that(条件是)，supposing(that)(假设)，provided/providing(that)(假如)等。

(2011年高考江苏卷)It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine.________，we'd better take it to the garage immediately.A．Otherwise

B．If not C．But for that

D．If so 句意：听起来好像汽车的发动机出了故障。如果这样的话，我们最好马上把它开到维修厂(修理一下)。otherwise否则，要不然； if not如果不是这样的话；but for that 要不是那样。以上三项均不符合句意和语境。if so“如果这样的话”，符合句意和语境。if so 相当于 if something is wrong with the car's engine。

D(2011年高考湖南卷)Jack wasn't saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him________he had done something very clever.第 4页

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A．as if

B．in case C．while

D．though 句意：杰克什么也没说，但是老师朝着他笑，就好像他做了非常明智的事情一样。

as if 好像；in case以防万一；while当„„时候，而，却；though尽管。由句意可知应选A项。

A

四、地点、原因状语从句 1．地点状语从句

地点状语从句是表示主句谓语动词的动作发生的地点的状语从句，引导词有where，wherever，anywhere，everywhere等。2．原因状语从句

引导原因状语从句的连词有：because，as，since，now(that)，for，seeing(that)，considering that等，每个连词的含义不尽相同。

Today，we will begin________we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A．when

B．where C．how

D．what 句意：今天我们从昨天我们停止的地方开始，以便我们不遗漏任何一点。where引导地点状语从句。

B

五、目的、结果状语从句

1．引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that，in order that，for fear(that)，in case，lest等。

Leave your key with a neighbor ________you lock yourself out one day.A．ever since

B．even if C．soon after

D．in case in case引导目的状语从句，意为“以防万一”，符合题意。ever since引导时间状语从句，意思是“自从”；even if引导让步状语从句，意思是“即使”。

D

五、目的、结果状语从句

1．引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that，in order that，for fear(that)，in case，lest等。

Leave your key with a neighbor ________you lock yourself out one day.A．ever since

B．even if C．soon after

D．in case in case引导目的状语从句，意为“以防万一”，符合题意。ever since引导时间状语从句，意思是“自从”；even if引导让步状语从句，意思是“即使”。

D She had a tense expression on her face，________she was expecting trouble.A．even though

B．as though C．so that

D．now that 题意：她表情紧张，好像预料到麻烦要来。as if/though引导方式状语从句，意为“好像”。而even though引导让步状语从句，意为“即使”。

B 高考秘笈

状语从句的易错点

________you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A．However a serious problem

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B．What a serious problem C．However serious a problem D．What serious a problem

C 该句意“无论你有多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战”，由此可知，应由however引导让步状语从句，语序为“however＋形容词＋a(n)＋单数名词”。如果对however的词性不明确，会导致误选A项。

考查状语从句的题目，应着重考虑以下几点。

1．要根据前后句的逻辑关系判断是哪一种状语从句。2．注意when/while/as引导时间状语从句时的异同。3．注意区别until和till的不同用法。

4．一些名词短语和副词以及一些固定句式都可以表示“一……就……”的意思。5．注意because/as/since/now that等引导原因状语从句时异同。

6．although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。7．no matter who/what/where/how等可引导让步状语从句，相当于whoever/whatever/wherever/however等。但whoever/whatever/ whichever还可引导名词性从句。

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