高考复习专题之状语从句学案[本站推荐]

第一篇：高考复习专题之状语从句学案[本站推荐]

高中英语语法导学案之状语从句

一． 概念及分类：

句子可以分为简单句，并列句和复合句；复合句中从句可分为定语从句，名词性从句和状语从句。用来修饰谓语动词、其它动词、定语、状语或整个句子的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可分为：1.时间状语从句；2.地点状语从句；3.原因状语从句； 4.条件状语从句；5.目的状语从句；6.让步状语从句； 7.比较状语从句； 8.方式状语从句；9.结果状语从句。

二． 时间状语从句

（一）when, while和as 1,when, 观察下面例句，总结其用法：

When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.When the film ended, the people went back.总结：从句表示的动作_________________________________,主句和从句的先后关系 _______________________________________________________________________。在下列句子中，when 的含义是：_____________ We were having a meeting when someone broke in.We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly began to rain She was on the point of going to shop when the telephone rang..Hardly had I arrived when the train left.He had just finished his home work when someone asked him to play basketball.总结：_________________________________: _____________________________ ____________________________________;_______________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 观察下列句子中when 的含义：

It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one? when 表示条件，意思接近“在…...情况下” whenever: I go to the theater whenever I get the chance.(每当，每次)

sooner…than…,hardly(scarcely,barely)…when…

这些从属连词引导的从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生，常译为_____________________.The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.注意：在no sooner…than …;hardly/scarcely/barely…when 结构中，主句用_____________，从句使用__________________时态。此外，当把no sooner或hardly等提到句首时，应用_______________语序。

I had hardly got home when it began to rain.=Hardly ________________________________________________________.I had no sooner come home than it began to rain.=No sooner ____________________________________________________.英译汉：

They phoned immediately they reached home.The year my brother joined the army I graduated from the high school.I had waited for 3 hours by the time the train arrived.(注意主句时态：)

Every time I see her, she is always busy.I want to see her the moment she arrives.表示时间的名词或名词短语也可以引起时间状语从句，如：_______________________________________.㈢ till until 和not … until He remained there until she arrived.You may stay here until the rain stops.He won’t go to bed until she returns.Until you told me I have no idea of it.It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.观察以上各句，找出用法。肯定句：主句谓语动词必须是_________________,意为某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止。否定句：主句谓语动词必须是_________________,意为某动作

It is three years since I smoked a cigar.It was years since I had seen her.把以上句子翻译成汉语。

在“It is + 一段时间+ since 从句”句型中，时间的计算一律从从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。

3.after 在……之后

I will tell them after you leave(you have left).I told them after you left/ had left.三 地点状语和原因状语从句 1地点状语

引导词为_____________和_____________.请填写： You are free to go ___________ you like.Go back ________ you come from.Make a mark ___________ you have any questions.翻译下列句子：

Where there is a will, there is a way._____________________________________ Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.______________________________________ 以上两句where从句表示抽象含义，从句必须放在主句之前。注意区分where 引导的状语从句和定语从句 题组训练,判断下列各句中包括什么从句：

Go back to the place where you come from.（）This is the shop where I bought my bike.（）Go back where you come from..（）Make a mark where you have any questions.（）2.原因状语从句

引导词：because, as, since, now that, 每个连词的含义不尽相同，观察例句总结用法：------Why were you absent from the meeting?------Because I was ill.As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.Now that/Since everybody is here, let’s begin our class.________________________________________________________________

五.条件状语和方式状语从句 ㈠条件状语从句

从属连词_______________________________________________________引导条件状语。You will fail the exam unless you study hard.You will fail the exam _______ you __________ study hard.________________ you don’t lose heart, you will succeed.当if从句的条件不是真实的或难以实现的条件时，要用__________________.If I __________(know)his address, I ___________(tell)you.If you _______________(come)here yesterday, you _______________(see)her.If it ___________________________(rain)tomorrow, I __________(stay)at home.条件状语从句中也可以省略 Come tomorrow if(it is)possible.He has no money.If(there is)any, he will give you some.We all know that, if(it is)not carefully dealt with, the situation will get worse.在条件状语从句中时态问题： You will find a way if you use your head.Don’t leave the room unless the teacher tells you to.㈡ 方式状语从句

引导词有_____________________________________________ Do as you are told to, or you will be fired.The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.I feel as if I have a fever.as if 或 as through 引导的从句有时需要用________语气。从句中也可以采用省略形式：

She stood at the gate, as if(she was)waiting for someone.在时间状语从句，让步，条件及方式状语从句中，当主句的主语和从句的主语一致，并且谓语动词中有be动词的时候，从句中的主语和系动词一块儿省略。

六.让步状语从句和比较状语从句 ㈠让步状语从句

river bank, she was singing a song.2.He won’t go there unless--------[ invent].3.He stood up as if---------[say] something.4.When the meeting was over ,we all went home.八。状语从句与非谓语动词之间的转换

1.When she saw the jewels ,she jumped with joy.2.As he was ill ,he went home.3.As he didn’t know what to do ,he asked me for help.4.The park looks beautiful when it is seen from the hill.参考答案：

二．1.可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词；主句和从句发生的动作同时发生，也可以主句所表示的动作发生在从句之后。这时，当时，那时候；was/were doing…when…;be about to do…when;be on the point of doing…when;had just done…when.2.延续性动词，进行时；对比，然而；弱。尽管；尽管；只要；趁着；让步状语从句和条件状语从句。

3.随着；一边，一边；When/While/As;When;As;when;when;while “一……就”；过去完成时；一般过去时；倒装；had I got home when it began to rain;had I come home than it began to rain;他们一到家就拿起了电话打电话；我哥哥参军的那一年，我高中毕业；每次我看到她，她总是很忙；她一到我就想见到她；the day, the year, the month, the moment;the minute;every time;the first time;each time;延续性动词；非延续性动词；until, till;主句要倒装；Not until, did I leave;It was , that, leave;三思而后行；所有事情先难后易；以后…才；还没…就；趁着还没有；还没来得及…就；时间段；一般现在时；时间段，过去时；非延续性动词，现在完成时，一般过去时，相反或否定的意义；It is +some time + since + did/It was +some time + since+ had done;战争爆发已经有三年了；他戒烟三年了；自从上次见到她有三年了；一般现在时或者一般过去时/过去完成时。

三．where, wherever;wherever;where;where;有志者事竟成；无火不起烟；定语从句，定语从句；地点状语从句，地点状语从句；直接的原因，why;显然的，已知的，“由于”，“既然”，前；

四．so that, in order that, in case, for fear that;so that;in order that;that;in case/for fear that;so that, so/such…that, in case, lest;such+a/an+ 可数名词单数+that； so +adj.+a/an+可数名词单数；such + adj.+不可数名词或可数名词复数+that;so + adj./adv.+ that;so +many/much/little(少)/few+that;was he;such, so;so;such,so;such…as 后跟定语从句，such…that后为结果状语从句。

话题10

节假日活动

一 可能用到的词语

1.中秋节 ——————

2.传统的-------

3.春节

-------

4.团聚---------

5.赏月--------

6.象征---------

7.收获----------

8.团圆----------

二

可能用到的句子

1.每年的8月15 日是中国传统节日中秋节。

2.它是家庭团聚的时间。

3.在这一天，人们通常与家人聚在一起，共享丰富的晚餐。

4.那天的月亮总是很圆，这也使得人们想起他们的亲友。

5.中秋节象征着收获和家庭团圆。

6.中秋节的传统食品是月饼，它象征着团圆。

7.月饼过去通常是圆的，但现在有各种不同的口味和形状。

写作任务

作为中国最重要的节日之一，每年的中秋都会放假一天，以方便人们跟家人团圆，共度佳节。请根据下列内容提示，写一篇短文介绍一下中秋节。

时间

农历八月十五日

节日类型

重要性仅次于春节的传统节日

主要活动

与家人团聚，赏月

节日食物

月饼

节日意义

象征收获和团圆

要求

词数 120—150

参考词汇

symbolize 象征

范文

The mid-Autumn Festival，which falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month，is a traditional Chinese holiday.The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the two most important traditional festivals in Chinese calendar and it is an official holiday.It is a time for families to get together.On this day , people usually get together with their families and have a nice meal.After that , people usually eat delicious moon cakes and enjoy the full moon together.The moon is always very round on that day , which makes people think of their relatives and friends.1

第二篇：状语从句 高三 复习

状语从句

考点一：时间状语从句

A.when, while, as

1.___________i was walking down the street, i noticed a police car in front of the store.2._______________john arrived, i was cooking lunch.3._________he grew older, he lost his interest in everything except gardening.4.We will stand up__________the teacher comes in.5.I was wandering through the street ___________i caught sight of a tailor's shop.Conclusion:

1.when +持续/短暂动作，可与主句动作同时发生或先于主句动作发生

2.While+持续性动作，侧重主从句动词的对比

3.As表主从句动作交替或同时完成，意为：一边。。一边。。；随着

B.When

when的重要句型：

a.He was about to go to bed _______the doorbell rang.b.They were watching the World Cup ________ suddenly the lights went out.c.They had just arrived home _______ it began torain.d.He had worked in a factory _______ a letter arrived saying he was admitted to a key university.e.on the point of doing „when

when 的其他含义：考虑到，既然；虽然，然而，可是

Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one already?

_____________________________________________________________________________ He walks when he might take a taxi._________________________________________________ How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?_____________________________

C.while

Strike while the iron is hot._______________

She fell asleep while she was reading the newspaper.While 的其他含义： 而；虽然 ’t agree with you.______________________

D.before和since

It was+时间段+before +一般过去时

It will be+时间段+before +一般现在时

It will not be long before you regret what you have done._______________________________ It was some time before he realized the truth.______________________________________ 五年以后我们才能再见。__________________________________

The war last three years _________ it finally ended.Three years passed __________ I finally realized my mistake.注意：before 从句往往带有否定的含义，常译为：还没等到„.就„.；还没来得及„就„„趁着还没„„就„„。作此意时，从句中常见情态动词can/ could。试译：

1.He ran off before I could stop him._________________________________________________

2.The man hung up the phone before I could answer it.___________________________________

3.He almost knocked me down before he saw me.______________________________________

4.Before I could get in a word, he measured me.________________________________________

5.I’ll water the flowers before it gets dark.____________________________________________

6.Be a pupil before you become a teacher._____________________________________________ since表“自从„„”。其主句多为现在完成时或现在完成进行时，从句多为一般过去时。since的句型：It is/has been +时间段+ since从句。若从句谓语为非延续性动词，表“自从„„有多久”；若从句谓语为延续性动词，则表“自从结束/完成„„起有多久”。

It is three years since the war broke out.___________________________________________

I have written home four times since I came here.___________________________________

It is three years since she was in our class._________________________________________

比较：

1.It is three years________ the war broke out.2.It was three years ago_____ the war broke out.3.It was 1919_____ the was broke out.4.It was three years ______ the war came to an end.5.It is three years ________i smoked a cigar.E.until/not until

1.till不可置于句首_____you told me, i had no idea of it.2.肯定句：主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词的肯定式，意为某动作一致延续到某时间点才停止。

否定句：主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，意为某动作直到某时间才开始。

翻译：

你可以在这里待到雨停。__________________________________________________________ 直到他告诉我我才知道了事实真相。________________________________________________

3.not...until 的强调和倒装

I didn't leave until she came back.强调句_________________________________________________________________________ 倒装句_________________________________________________________________________ F.as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment,the minute,the instant,no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...(一„„就„„)，once(一旦），every time, next time, any time

我一听到说话声，就知道父亲来了。（The moment）_________________________________

我们刚到车站，火车就离站了。(no sooner...than)__________________________________那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭.(immediately)_______________________________________ 考点二：地点状语从句

where引导的状语从句和定语从句：

1.When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful ___ you made a mistake.2.Bamboo grows best _________ it's wet and rainy.3.Bamboo grows best in places _________it's wet and rainy.4..Can you tell me the office_________he works?

5.________ I live, there are plenty of trees.6Wuhan lies ________ the Yangtze and the Han River meet.7.Sales director is a position _______communication ability is just as important as sales skills.8.________ there is a will, there is a way.9.I found my books ____________I had left them.10.Keep it __________you can see it.11.He lives __________the climate is mild.Where

where, wherever,anywhere和everywhere

Wherever you go, you should do your work well.You may sit down wherever you like.Everywhere I go, I find the same thing.I’ll take you anywhere you like.考点三：原因状语从句

because,since, now that, as , in that,considering that,seeing that , given(that)，in view of the fact that

A.as／because／since 的区别

Because主句前后直接因果关系语气强能回答why能被强调 As主句前后双方都知道的原因语气弱不能回答why不能 Since/now that主句前双方都知道的原因语气弱不能回答why不能 _________________everybody is here, let's begin our meeting.It was ________he was ill that he didn't show up today.Why do you go to there? _________ I want to get my book

B.鉴于（事实），考虑到„

Seeing that quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quitegood job.Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her.考点五：结果状语

so...that , such„that

They had ______ a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house．

He spoke for _______ a long time that people began to fall asleep．

The snow fell ______ fast that our footsteps were soon covered up．

His speech went on for _____long that people began to fall asleep．

Their dog was ________fierce that no one dared come near it．

______ many people complained that they took the programme off．

There was _______ much dust that we couldn’t see what was happening．

倒装

So excited _____________that she could not say a word.So loudly _______________（speak)that even the people in the next room could hear him.Such a lovely girl ____________ that we all live him.考点六：条件状语从句

if, unless, so/ as long as, on condition that, provided/providing that,in case（万一）, suppose, /supposing

1.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______________accompanied by an adult.(2010山东高考)

2.—Our holiday cost a lot of money.—Did it? Well, that doesn't matter _____________ you enjoyed yourselves.(2010江西高考)

3.You can go swimming ___________________ you don't go too far from the river bank.4.____________________ an earthquake happens, what should we do?

考点七： 方式状语从句as, as if, as though

1.The house was greatly damaged by the truck.We'd better leave things _____ they are until the

police arrive.2.He acted_________nothing had happened.3.I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, ________do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.(2009天津高考)

4.The teacher treats the pupil as if __________________(他是她的孩子）

比较：She looks as if she is ill._________________________________________

5.Do in Rome as the Romans do.6.Leave things as they are.考点八：让步状语从句

although, though,(as), while ,whether...or..., however, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever, whenever, wherever, whether（是否）, no matter(who, what, etc), even if, even though

1.________________the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.(2009湖南高考)

2.__________________serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.(2010上海高考)

3.The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _____________they have the interest.(2010安徽高考)

4.All the nations should be equal, _____________they are strong ________ not.5.Do it____________________others say.as引导让步状语从句时，常见的几种倒装方式：

不及物动词＋副词Hard as you may try, you will not succeed.情态动词＋不及物动词Wait as you may, he will not see you.系动词＋单数名词Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong.考点九：目的状语

so that, in order that,in case that, for fear of /that

1.We got up early ___________we would arrive in time.2.Betty saved money_____________ buy a portable computer.3.I didn't tell him about our meeting __________ upsetting her.考点十：时态

You’ll be back soon．I’ll stay till then．=I’ll stay till you _________back．

The parachutist is going to jump．Soon after he jumps his parachute _______（open）．When he ______________(arrive), he’ll tell us all about the match．

Before he ________(arrive)I’ll give the children their tea．

While they__________(play)tennis this afternoon,we’ll go to the beach．

The moment／As soon as I have finished I’ll give you a call．

We knew that he _________________(arrive)t about six．

We knew that till he __________(arrive)nothing would be done．

They_________(move)house twice since they got married．

It’s ages since I sailed a boat．________________________

The performance_______________(begin)when the lights went out．演出刚开始就停电了。倒装：_______________________________________________________________

他钱一挣到手，就花光了(immediately)________________________________

The sooner we______________(start)，the sooner we________(be)there．

我们动身得越早，到那儿就越早。

第三篇：状语从句

Clauses of Condition, Concession and Contrast(条件、让步和对比从句)条件从句

由 if, unless, as(so)long as, provided / providing(that), suppose / supposing(that), in case等引导，如：

If he comes I'll tell you.You would have succeeded if you had tried harder.You will fail unless you work hard.(=You will fail if you don't work hard.)

Supposing / Suppose it rains, shall we have the match as scheduled?

In case you need anything else, please let me know.让步从句

由 although, though, even though, even if, whether...or, while, as, wh-words + ever(= no matter + wh-words)等从属连词引导，如：

He is quite modest though he is the best student in the class.The needle has the same mass whether it is hot or cold.Whichever(No matter which)plan you adopt, you will meet with difficulties.使用上述让步从句的某些从属连词时注意以下几点：

a.although(though)不可与连词 but 连用；

b.as 引导的从句意义和 though 相似，但表示的语气较强，并须将强调的词放在句首（但不用 although），如：

Simple as(though)the question may seem, it is not at all common in nature.c.however / no matter how 引导的从句中，however / no matter how 后须紧跟形容词或副词，如：

However / No matter how hard I tried, I couldn't remember all the questions.对比从句

表示两个人或两件事之间的对比，常用 while 或 whereas 引导，如：

He is idle, while his brother is diligent.Some people like fat meat, whereas others hate it.Clauses of Cause, Result and Purpose(原因、结果和目的从句)原因从句

主要由下列从属连词引导：

1． Because, as, since。其中 because 语气最强，表示直接、主要原因，通常引导的从句放在句尾，特别是回答 why 提出的问题只能用 because;as 和 since 表示明显的、已知的原因，since 比 as 正式，如：

They had to move because their building was to be pulled down.As Mary was the eldest, she looked after the others.Since they live near the sea, they often go sailing.2． now that, seeing(that), considering(that), in that。这些连词与 as, since 意思相近，通常用于书面语，并且它们兼有其它意义。now that 有“时间”含义，表示”既然”，说明一种新

情况；seeing(that)和 considering(that)有“条件”含义；in that 有”某一方面”含义，如：

Now that you are well again you can travel.Seeing(that)they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.I was lucky in that I was able to find a good baby-sitter（保姆）.结果从句

常用 so that, so...that, such...that, that 等连词引导，如：

I was caught in a shower, so that all my clothes got wet.I was so tired that I could hardly keep my eyes open.He was such a good runner that I couldn't catch him.目的从句

常用 so that, in order(that), lest, for fear that 等连词引导，如：

I took a taxi so that I could be in time for the meeting.Come closer in order that you may see the blackboard better.so that 既可引导结果从句也可引导目的从句，但结果从句表示事实，通常不含情态动词；目的从句表示希望或想要实现的事实，通常含有情态动词，如：

He got up early so that he caught the train.（结果）

He got up early so that he could(might)catch the train.（目的）

Lest 和 for fear(that)含有否定意义，并且从句中动词须用 “动词原形”或 ”should + V.” 的虚拟语气，如：

He ran away lest he(should)be caught.(= He ran away in order that he would not be caught.)

I checked all the results time and again for fear that there should be any mistakes.(= I checked all the results time and again so that there wouldn't be any mistakes.)

Clauses of Manner and Comparison(方式和比较从句)方式从句

主要由 just as, as, as if, as though 等连词引导，如：

He doesn't speak the way as other people do.Our bodies are made up of millions of very small cells, just as a building is made of many stones or bricks.He speaks French as if(as though)he were a Frenchman.由 as if 或 as though 引导的从句通常用虚拟语气，但如果主句谓语是感官动词，并且所述情况实现可能性大，也可用陈述语气，如：

It looks as if the coming autumn harvest will be even better than the last one.比较从句

主要由 as...as, not so(as)...as, than 等连词引导，如：

This table is as wide as that one.Mary can not run so(as)fast as Tom.Silver conducts electricity better than other metals.Clauses of Proportion and Other Types(比例从句和其它从句)比例从句

由关联词 the...the...连接形容词或副词比较级构成，如：

The more she thought about it, the more she liked it.其它从句

如 as...so 和 what...that 引导的类比从句；so(as)far as 引导的范围从句；except that 引导的例外从句；rather / sooner than 和 would / had rather than 引导的择比从句等，如：

As the desert is like a sea, so is the camel like a ship.（沙漠似海，骆驼似舟。）

What blood vessel is to a man's body, that railway is to transportation.（铁路对于运输，好比血管对于人的身体。）

As(So)far as I know, he is an honest man.（据我所知，他是一个诚实的人。）

I would do it with pleasure, except that I am too busy.（要不是我太忙了，我会很高兴去做的。）

Rather than get money in such a dishonest way, he would beg in the streets.（他宁可沿街乞讨，也不愿意用欺骗手段骗取钱。）

He would rather have the small one than the large one.（他宁可要那个小的，而不愿要那个大的。）

第四篇：状语从句讲解+练习(导学案)

状语从句

学习目标：

1.通过复习、记忆，记住状语从句的考点

2.通过练习、讲解，会用状语从句的知识解决问题。

由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语（或其它动词）、形容词、副词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是一较大的语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。高考中已考查了时间、让步、地点、条件、目的等状语从句，这些从句仍是今后高考热点，应作充分准备。同时对方式状语从句也应引起重视。

（一）时间状语从句

表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till(until), since, once, as soon as(或the moment), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly(scarcely)… when, every time等引导。

e.g.When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.He started as soon as he received the news.Once you see him, you will never forget him.No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.（二）原因状语从句

原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。

e.g.He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.As it is raining, I will not go out.Now that you mention it, I do remember.（三）地点状语从句

引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。e.g.Sit wherever you like.Make a mark where you have a question.（四）目的状语从句

引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）等。

e.g.Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.He left early in case he should miss the train.（五）结果状语从句

结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that（从句谓语一般没有情态动词）, so … that, such … that等引导。

e.g.She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting.He was so excited that he could not say a word.She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.（六）条件状语从句

条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话

者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if, unless, so(as)long as, on condition that, so(as)far as, if only(= if)。注意：条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。

e.g.If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.So far as I know（据我所知）, he will be away for three months.You can go swimming on condition that(= if)you don’t go too far away from the river bank.If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.（七）让步状语从句

让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if(though), however, whatever, whether … or, no matter who(when, what, …)等引导。注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。

e.g.Though he is a child, he knows a lot.Child as he is, he knows a lot.Whatever(= No matter what)you say, I’ll never change my mind.（八）方式状语从句

方式状语从句常由as, as if(though), the way, rather than等引导。e.g.You must do the exercise as I show you.He acted as if nothing had happened.（九）比较状语从句

比较状语从句常用than, so(as)… as, the more … the more等引导。e.g.I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.The busier he is, the happier he feels.（十）使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题

1、在时间和条件（有时也在方式、让步等）从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。

e.g.We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致（或虽不一致，是it），从句的谓语又包含动词be，就可省略从句中的“主语 + be”部分。e.g.When(he was)still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night.If(you are)asked you may come in.If(it is)necessary I’ll explain to you again.3、注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例，能引导多种从句。

e.g.You are to find it where you left it.（地点状语从句）

Tell me the address where he lives.（定语从句，句中有先行词）

I don’t know where he came from.（宾语从句）

Where he has gone is not known yet.（主语从句）

This place is where they once hid.（表语从句）

练习、状语从句

一、用横线划出下列句子中的状语从句，并指出是哪种状语从句： 1.Child as she is, she knows a lot of things.2.The more I can do for the class, the happier I’ll be.3.He talks as if(as though)he knew all about it.4.He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.5.I shall go to the park unless it rains.6.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.7.Where there is water, there is life.8.He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.9.Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you.10.Even if(though)I fail.I’ll never lose heart.11.Once you begin the work, you must continue.12.I will find her wherever she may be.13.Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us.14.He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.15.We must do everything as he tells us.16.India is much bigger than Japan.17.No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.18.As(So)long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates.二、用适当的连词填空：

1.Dr.Bethune(白求恩)came to China __________ he was fifty.2.He began to work __________ he got there.3.Let's begin our meeting __________everyone is here.4.I like the English people, __________ I don't like their food.5.__________ you go in China, you can see smiling faces.6.He didn't come to the lecture, __________ he was very busy.7.__________we had enough time, we walked to the cinema.8.They will help you __________ you meet with difficulty.9._________ we came to the university, we have learnt quite a lot.10.I didn't join them yesterday evening __________ I had to go to an important meeting.11.We would try to get a car __________we could all travel together more easily.12.She wouldn't forget her mother's birthday __________ she seldom wrote to her family.13.We're doing everything we can to make things as easy for you ___________we can.14.The meeting became so disorderly __________ the speaker had to shout the audience down.15.He was angrier __________ ever before.16.__________ you lock all the doors, he can still manage to get in.17.The boy was so tired __________ he fell asleep on the bus.18.Hard _________ he tried, he couldn’t force the door open.三、选择填空：

1.I’ll let you know ____ he comes back.A.before B.because C.as soon as D.although

2.She will sing a song ____ she is asked.A.if B.unless C.for D.since 3.We will work ____ we are needed.A.whenever B.because C.since D.wherever 4.Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you.A.so that B.if C.when D.although 5._____ you go, don't forget your people.A.Whenever B.However C.Wherever D.Whichever 6.It is about ten years _____ I met you last.A.since B.for C.when D.as 7.They will never succeed, _____ hard they try.A.because B.however C.when D.since 8._____ still half drunk, he made his way home.A.When B.Because C.Though D.As 9._____ she was very tired, she went on working.A.As B.Although C.Even D.In spite of 10.Busy _____ he was, he tried his best to help you.A.as B.when C.since D.for 11.I learned a little Russian _____ I was at middle school.A.though B.although C.as if D.when 12._____ we got to the station, the train had left already.A.If B.Unless C.Since D.When 13._____ the rain stops, we' 11 set off for the station.A.Before B.Unless C.As soon as D.Though 14.She was _____ tired _____ she could not move an inch.A.so, that B.such, that C.very, that D.so, as 15.We didn’t go home _____ we finished the work.A.since B.until C.because D.though 16.I'll stay here _____ everyone else comes back.A.even if B.as though C.because D.until 17.Although it's raining, _____ are still working in the field.A.they B.but they C.and they D.so they 18.Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better.A.since B.so that C.for D.because 19.You'll miss the train ______ you hurry up.A.unless B.as C.if D.until 20.When you read the book, you' d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.A.at which B.at where C.the place D.where 21.We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark.A.and B.but C.as D.unless 22.I didn' t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.A.until B.unless C.when D.before 23._____ he comes, we won't be able to go.A.Without B.Unless C.Except D.Even

24.I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class.A.since B.so that C.as if D.unless 25._____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.A.Every time B.Though C.Even D.Where 26.What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram? A.when B.that C.though D.however 27.Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.A.although B.even though C.so that D.since 28.You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking the night train.A.that B.though C.unless D.if 29.Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed.A.in that B.in order that C.in case D.even though 30.More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today.A.than B.when C.while D.as 31._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.A.Much B.However C.As D.Although 32.Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go.A.as;wherever B.though;whenever C.in spite of;when D.that;wherever 33.The child was __ immediately after supper.A.enough tired to go to bed B.too tired to go to bed C.so tired that he went to bed D.very tired, he went to bed 34.The history of nursing __ the history of man.A.as old as B.is old than C.that is as old as D.is as old as 35._____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.A.Since B.Once C.When D.Although 36._____ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible.A.As B.Although C.Unless D.In spite of 37.Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _____ his father died.A.than B.as C.while D.when 38._____ David goes, he is welcome.A.Whichever B.However C.Wherever D.Whatever 39.The house stood _____ there had been a rock.A.which B.at which C.when D.where 40.Small _____ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.A.because B.so C.if D.as 41.After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _____ tractors in 1988 as the year before.A.as twice many B.as many twice C.twice as many D.twice many as 42.The piano in the other shop will be _____, but _____.A.cheaper;not as better B.more cheap;not as better C.cheaper;not as good D.more cheap;not as good 43.John plays football _____, if not better than, David.A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as 44.Although he is considered a great writer，A.his works are not widely read B.but his works are not widely read C.however his works are not widely read D.still his works are not widely read 45.___ the day went on, the weather got worse.A.With B.Since C.While D.As 46.—What was the party like?

—Wonderful.It' s years _____ I enjoyed myself so much.A.after B.when C.before D.since 47.It was not _____ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when;that B.until;that C.until;when D.when;then 48.If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _____ great it is.A.what B.how C.however D.whatever 49.After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre.A.that B.where C.which D.when 50._____, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A.However late is he B.However he is late C.However is he late D.However late he is

51.He will come to call on you the moment he ____ his painting.A.will finish B.finished C.has finished D.had finished 52.____ difficult the task may be, we will try our best to complete it in time.A.No matter B.No wonder C.Though D.However 53.It was ____ that she couldn’t finish it by herself.A.so difficult a work B.such a difficult work C.so difficult work D.such difficult work 参考答案

语法复习六：状语从句

一、1.Child as she is, she knows a lot of things.让步

2.The more I can do for the class, the happier I’ll be.比较 3.He talks as if(as though)he knew all about it.方式

4.He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.结果 5.I shall go to the park unless it rains.条件

6.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.时间 7.Where there is water, there is life.地点

8.He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.目的 9.Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you.原因 10.Even if(though)I fail, I’ll never lose heart.让步 11.Once you begin the work, you must continue.时间 12.I will find her wherever she may be.让步

13.Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us.原因 14.He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.结果 15.We must do everything as he tells us.方式 16.India is much bigger than Japan.比较

17.No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.让步

18.As(So)long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates.条件

二、1.when;2.as soon as;3.as;4.though;5.Whwerever;6.because;7.Since;8.whenever;9.Since;10.because;11.so that;12.though;13.as;14.that;15.than;16.Even if;17.that;18.as

三、1~5 CADAC 6~10 ABCBA 11~15 DDCAB 16~20 DABAD 21~25 CABBA 26~30 BCCBD 31~35 BACDD 36~40 ADCDD 41~45 CCBAD 46~50 DBCBD 51~53 CDD

第五篇：状语从句1

状语从句

一：什么是状语从句？

用一个句子(从句)来作另一个句子(主句)的状语，用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句。例如：条件状语从句就是用一个句子来作条件状语。二：状语从句的分类。

1.时间状语从句用法要点。

凡是从句都必须有引导词，引导时间状语从句的词有 when, before, after, until, as soon as, while 等，具体用法如下：

（1）.when 意为“当„„时”，引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。例如：

I feel very happy when you come to see me.你（们）来看我时，我感到很高兴。

When you are crossing the street, you must be careful.你（们）过街道时，一定要小心。when引导的时间状语从句，when的从句可以用延续性动词，也可以用点动词。He was working at the table when I went in.当我进去的时候，他正在桌旁工作。Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping.当我正在睡觉时，有人敲门。I will visit my good friend when I have time.当我有空儿时，我将去看望我的好友。I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai.当我在上海时，我为一家外国企业工作。

注：when也可以作并列连词，表示一个动词正在进行的时候，突然间发生了另外一件事。

I was fishing by the river , when someone called for help.我正在河边钓鱼，就在那时有人求救。

We were working in the chemistry lab, when the lights went out.我们正在化学实验室工作，突然灯都熄灭了。

比较while, when, as

1）as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。

Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用as 或 while。When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.3）从句表示“随时间推移”连词能用as，不用when 或while。

As the day went on, the weather got worse.日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。

（2）.before 意为“在„„之前”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。例如：

We cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday.昨天离开学校之前，我们打扫了教室。

He had been a cook before he went to college.他上大学前曾当过厨师。

after 意为“在„„之后”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。例如：

After you use plastic bags, you mustn't throw them about.你（们）用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。

He called me after he had finished his work.他在工作完之后给我打了个电话。

注：若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近，那么也可以不用完成时态，例如 1

上面的第二句可改成：He called me after he finished his work.（3）.since引导的时间状语从句，译为“自从„„”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。

We have made many dumplings since we began to cook.自从我们开始做饭起，我们已经包了许多饺子了。

We haven't seen each other since we parted.我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。

注：常用句型：It is +时间段+since从句译为：自从„„有多长时间了。

It is six years since she graduated from the university.自从她大学毕业已有六年的时间了。

（4）.until 意为“直到„„时”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。当主句的谓语动词是持续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式；当主句的谓语动词是非持续性动词时，从句常用否定形式, not...until...意为“直到„„才„„”，这时的until可以用before 来替换。例如：

I'll stay here until you come back.我会呆在这里，直到你回来。(stay表示的动作可以持续)

He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。(go to bed 表示的动作不能持续)

（5）表示“一„就„”的结构

hardly/scarcely„when/before, no sooner„than 和as soon as都可以表示“一„就„”的意思，表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。例：

①、I'll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就告诉他这件事。

②、I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain.③、I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.④、As soon as I got home, it began to rain.注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：

Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.（6）.while引导的时间状语从句，常译为“与„„同时，在„„期间”，while的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的词。

They rushed in while we were discussing problems.当我们正在讨论问题时，他们冲了进来。

Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games.当我正在打电子游戏时，爸爸正在清洗汽车。

注：while也可以作并列连词，表转折的关系，相当于but，译为“然而”。eg.I like listening to music, while my brother likes doing sports.我喜欢听音乐，而我的兄弟爱好运动。

（7）.till和until引导的时间状语从句，译为“直到„„为止”，not „ till / until引导的时间状语从句，译为“直到„„才”。前者强调主句动作的结束，用延续性动词，后者强调主句动作的开始，用点动词。

比较until和till

此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。

肯定句：

I slept until midnight.我一直睡到半夜时醒了。

Wait till I call you.等着我叫你。

（在肯定句中可用before代替 Let's get in the wheat before the sun sets.）

否定句：

She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock.她直到6点才到。

Don't get off the bus until it has stopped.公共汽车停稳后再下车。

I didn't manage to do it until you had explained how.直到你教我后，我才会做。

1)Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。

Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。

2)Until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。

---Until when are you staying? 你呆到什么时候？

---Until next Monday.呆到下周一。

注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。

(1）Not until „在句首，主句用倒装。

Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热能是什么。

Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.直到我开始工作，我才认识到了我已蹉跎了几多岁月。

(2)It is not until„ that„

I will wait for my friend until / till he comes.我要一直等到我朋友来。

We won't start our discussion until / till he comes.我们要等到他来了，再开始我们的讨论。

2、地点状语从句用法要点。

常用where（哪里）和wherever（无论哪里）引导。

Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。

We will go wherever the motherland need us most.我们要到祖国最需要的地方去。Where I live there are plenty of trees.我住的地方树很多。

Wherever I am I will be thinking of you.不管我在哪里我都会想到你。方式状语从句

方式状语从句通常由as,(just)as„so„, as if, as though引导。

1）as,(just)as„so„引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as„so„结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是“正如„”，“就像”，多用于正式文体，例如：Always do to the others as you would be done by.你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。

As water is to fish, so air is to man.我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。

Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。

2）as if, as though

两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作“仿佛„„似的”，“好像„„似的”，例如：

They completely ignore these facts as if(as though)they never existed.他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）He looks as if(as though)he had been hit by lighting.他那样子就像被雷击了似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）

It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。）

说明：as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，例如：He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。

He cleared his throat as if to say something.他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。

The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。原因状语从句用法要点。

常用的引导连词有because, as和since。三者的区别是：在回答问题的时候，使用because；对于显而易见的原因，常用as或since；as和since的从句常放在主句之前，而because的从句常放在主句之后。

Why did you go?I went because Tom told me to go.你为何去？那是因为汤姆叫我去。He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise.他很生气不是因为我们来迟了，而是因为我们弄出了声音。

As it was raining hard, we had to be indoors.由于雨太大，我们只好呆在家里。

Since you feel ill, you'd better not go to work.既然你感觉不舒服，你最好不要去上班了。比较：because, since, as和for

1）because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。

I didn't go, because I was afraid.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.2）由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗 号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。

He is absent today, because / for he is ill.He must be ill, for he is absent today.5、目的状语从句用法要点。

常用的引导连词有so that, that和in order that译为：以便，为了，目的是。此外还有lest, for fear that, in case等词引导，例如，Please speak more slowly so that we can make full notes.请讲慢一点，以便我们能作详细笔记。

I shall write down your address that I may not forget.我要把你的地址记下来，以免忘记。

I sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach him in time.这封信我以航空信发出，以便他能及时收到。

You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.He wrote the name down for fear that(lest)he should forget it.Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.注：目的状语从句可以用动词不定式来替换做目的状语

We work harder than usualfinish it in a week.我们比平常加倍努力工作以在一周内完

成工作。结果状语从句

结果状语从句常由so„ that 或 such„that引导，掌握这两个句型，首先要了解so 和 such与其后的词的搭配规律。

比较：so和 such

其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。

so foolishsuch a fool

so nice a flowersuch a nice flower

so many / few flowerssuch nice flowers

so much / little money.such rapid progress

so many peoplesuch a lot of people

（so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。）

so„that与such„that之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。

The boy is so young that he can't go to school.He is such a young boy that he can't go to school条件状语从句用法要点。

我们主要看一下由if引导的条件状语从句。if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句时，表示假如有从句的动作发生就(不)会有主句的动作发生。例如：

If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go there by bike.如果明天不下雨，我们就骑自行车去那里。

If I get there early, I can see the doctor quickly.如果我早早地到那里，我就可以快点看病。连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。.if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。

unless = if not.Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk.典型例题

You will be late ___ you leave immediately.A.unlessB.untilC.ifD.or

答案A。句意：除非你立即走，否则你就回迟到的。可转化为 If you dong leave immediately, you will be late.B、D句意不对，or表转折，句子如为 You leave immediately or you will be late.8让步状语从句

though, although

注意： 当有though, although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。

He is very old, but he still works very hard.虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。

Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。（谚语）

典型例题

1）___she is young, she knows quite a lot.A.When B.HoweverC.AlthoughD.Unless

答案：C。意为虽然她很年轻，却知道许多。

2)as, though 引导的倒装句

as / though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.注意： a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。

b.句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.= Though he tries hard, he never seems„

虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。

3)ever if, even though.即使

We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.4)whether„or-不管„„都

Whether you believe it or not, it is true.5)“no matter +疑问词” 或“疑问词+后缀ever”

No matter what happened, he would not mind.Whatever happened, he would not mind.替换：no matter what = whatever

no matter who = whoever

no matter when = whenever

no matter where = wherever

no matter which = whichever

no matter how = however

注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。

（错）No matter what you say is of no use now.（对）Whatever you say is of no use now.你现在说什么也没用了。(Whatever you say是主语从句)

（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they're given,（对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given.囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。三：主句与从句时态一致的问题。

在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分下列两种情况：

1.若主句是祈使句，或主句中有情态动词，或主句中谓语动词是一般将来时，那么从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。例如：

Be careful when you cross the road.过马路时要小心。

Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask.如果你们有问题要问的话，请举手。The traffic must stop when the lights are red.红灯亮时，车辆必须停下。

2.若主从句谓语动词都是陈述过去，那么主从句都可以用一般过去时。例如：She could sing when she was four years old.她四岁的时候就会唱歌。