第一篇：并列句和状语从句
1.Mary made coffee____ her guests were finishing their meal.A.so that
B.although
C.while
D.as if 2.The little boy won’t go to sleep ____ his mother tells him a story.A.or
B.unless
C.but
D.whether
3.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______ accompanied by an adult.A.once
B.when
C.if
D.unless 4.______ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A.However to face the challenge
B.What a serious problem C.However serious a problem
D.What serious a problem
5._______ our manager objects to Tom’s joining the club, we shall accept his as a member.A.Until
B.Unless
C.If
D.After
6.______ they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.A.As
B.While
C.Until
D.Once 7.John thinks it won’t be long ____ he is ready for his new job.A.when
B.after
C.before
D.since 8.---Our holiday cost a lot of money.---Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter ______ you enjoyed yourselves.A.as long as
B.unless
C.as soon as
D.though
9.The girl had hardly rung the bell ______ the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.A.before
B.until
C.as
D.since
10.The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _______ they have the interest.A.wherever
B.whenever
C.even if
D.as if
11.Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a large one _____ it becomes available.A.as soon as
B.unless
C.as far as
D.until
12.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair ________ he wanted to sit next to his wife.A.although
B.unless
C.because
D.if 13.Tom was about to close the window ________ his attention was caught by a bird.A.when
B.if
C.and
D.till 14.Tim is in good shape physically _______ he doesn’t get much exercise.A.if
B.even though
C.unless
D.as long as
15.Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break _____ she got to her office.A.since
B.that
C.when
D.until
16.Today, we will begin ________ we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A.when
B.where
C.how
D.what 练习二
1._______ well prepared a gymnast is, he still needs a lot of luck in performing.A.Whatever
B.Although
C.No matter
D.However
2._______ the activities might seem childish, in reality they require a lot of strength and determination.A.When
B.As
C.While
D.Once 3.Too high house prices can be brought under control, ______ the authorities introduce a series of regulatory policies.A.even if
B.as if
C.so that
D.provided that
4.A small car is big enough for a family of three ______ you need more space for baggage.A.once
B.because
C.if
D.unless 5.It is morning _____ we have four classes, not afternoon.A.when
B.which
C.that
D.why 6.How can you keep fit ______ you smoke so much? A.as
B.while
C.when
D.for
7.It’s really dangerous to work on the roof.______ , you should take care of yourself.A.Therefore
B.However
C.Otherwise
D.Yet
8.I’m not sure whether I will have anything else to do tomorrow.______ , I will try every possible means to come to the party.A.Even though
B.Anyhow
C.If so
D.Instead
9.The police helicopter managed to land on the roof and rescued all the people _______ the fire burnt up to the top of the building.A.after
B.before
C.until
D.while
10._____ the Customs Office, he will have to declare this sort of things he carries with him to the customs officer.A.No matter who will come through
B.Who comes through C.No matter whom comes through
D.Whoever comes through 11.Your article must be sent by e-mail _____ it can meet the deadline.A.or else
B.so that
C.in case
D.for fear 12.You can imagine ________ one feels ______ everybody dislikes him.A.when, if
B.if, when
C.if, how
D.how, if 13.Why not stay at home _______ the road is so slippery after the heavy snow? A.since that
B.after that
C.then that
D.now that
14.I have heard these sons and daughters say they never fully appreciated their mothers ______ it was too late to tell them.A.as
B.that
C.until
D.when 15._________ , I could not memorize the test.A.However hard did I try
B.However hard I tried
C.However I tried hard
D.However I had tried hard
16.I don’t think Maria will be disappointed at the news, but I will see her _______ she is.A． as if
B.so that
C.in case
D.even though
17.During the reconstruction of the city, many modern tall buildings went up ____ old shabby houses were torn down.A.where
B.in what
C.in which
D.which
18.Many people cannot learn any lessons from the mistakes ________ they get hurt somehow.A.whether
B.unless
C.if
D.when 练习三
1.---What should we do since we can’t make a compromise after lengthy talks?---_______ you apologize and take back what you’ve said _____ it is all over between us.A.Not only, but also
B.Either, or
C.Neither, nor
D.Whether, or 2.---Some Chinese students find it difficult to understand native speakers when in London.---Exactly, _______ they’re learned a lot about grammar and known many words.A.if only
B.now that
C.as if
D.even if
3.It was on my way home _____ my father made the promise ______ I can do well in next exam he will buy me whatever I want.A.that, that
B.where, that if
C.that, if
D.that, that if
4.Napoleon’s story proves that to be a hero has nothing to do with size, with a smart mind and a brave heart.A.and
B.so
C.or
D.but 5.---My son is addicted to drugs.He isn’t hopeless, is he?
---Yes, _______ he mends his ways and starts all over.A.if
B.when
C.even if
D.unless 6.---When shall we go planting trees in the hill?
---______ it begins to rain, so they don’t need watering.A.Not until
B.While
C.Till
D.Unless
7.You can’t complain of being lonely ____ you don’t make any effort to communicate with others.A.when
B.until
C.unless
D.once 8.---Did Jack come back early last night?
---Yes.It was not eight o’clock _____ he arrived home.A.before
B.that
C.when
D.until 9.______ I have some sympathy for them, I don’t think they are right to do so.A.As
B.If
C.While
D.When
10.He is a nice listener, ______ he feels the time is right he will give you his thoughts.A.until
B.after which
C.if
D.and when 11.His children are well-behaved, _____ those of this sister’s are very naughty.A.and
B.whereas
C.thus
D.so
12.We missed our train, and _______ the next train was delayed, ______ we had to wait for two hours.A.on top of that, so B.as a result, then
C.what was worse, however
D.because, therefore 13.How long do you think _____ the computer company launches a new model? A.it will be before
B.will it be until
C.will it when
D.it will be that
14.Many people believe we are heading for environmental disaster ______ we basically change the way we live.A.but
B.although
C.unless
D.once 15.If I were rich, I should help them out.______ , I can do nothing.A.As is often the case
B.As is it
C.As the case is often
D.As it is 16.Young ______ he is, he knows a great deal about advanced technology.A.as
B.although
C.so
D.yet 17.Stop making so much noise _______ my neighbor will start complaining.A.or else
B.but still
C.and then
D.so that
18.You can’t attend the party tonight because it is stormy.____, you still haven’t got over your high fever.A.Therefore
B.however
C.Moreover
D.Thus 19.How long do you suppose it is _______ he arrived there ? A.when
B.before
C.after
D.since
20.This study shows that _____ languages may differ;the order in which young kids learn the parts of speech appears to be the same across different languages.A.since
B.so
C.while
D.but 参考答案：
一．1—5CBDCB 6—10 DCAAC 11—16 ACABCB 二．1—5 DCDDA
6—10 CABBD 11—15 BDDCB
16—18 CAB 三． 1---5 BDDDD
6—10 AACCD 11—15 BAACD 16—20 AACDC
第二篇：高考英语单项选择精品教案-并列句和状语从句
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专题九 并列句和状语从句
高考命题聚焦
1．(2011年高考山东卷)He had his camera ready________he saw something that would make a good picture.A．even if
B．if only C．in case
D．so that 解析：句意：他准备好了相机，以便他看到好的东西就随时拍下来。even if “即使”，引导让步状语从句； if only“如果„„就好了”，引导虚拟条件句；so that 引导目的和结果状语从句，均不符合句意。由句意可知应选in case，意为“以防万一”。答案：C 2．(2011年高考天津卷)________regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.A．If
B．As C．Although
D．Unless 解析：句意：虽然有规律的锻炼很重要，但在临睡觉前锻炼却从来不是个好主意。if可引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”；as 可引导时间状语从句，表示“当„„时”，若引导让步状语从句，句子需用倒装；分析前句“有规律的锻炼很重要”和后句“临睡前锻炼却不好”可知，前句为后句的让步状语，故选C项，although 表示“虽然”，可引导让步状语从句；unless 表示“除非”，引导条件状语从句。答案：C 3．(2011年高考江西卷)Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or ________ it is convenient to you.A．whenever
B．however C．whichever
D．wherever 解析：句意：请打电话让我的秘书安排一个会议，在今天下午或是任何你方便的时候。whenever无论何时；however无论如何；whichever无论哪一个；wherever无论何地。此处or连接的是和this afternoon并列的两个时间状语(从句)，故只有A项正确。答案：A 4．(2011年高考陕西卷)________ all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.A．Since
B．While C．If
D．As 解析：句意：尽管他们都是很有实力的求职者，但是只有一个人会被选中担任这一职位。since因为，既然；while尽管；if如果；as因为。根据句意选while。答案：B 5．(2011年高考福建卷)It was April 29,2011________Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.A．that
B．when C．since
D．before 解析：句意：2011年4月29日，威廉王子与凯特·米德尔顿步入了婚礼殿堂。分析句子结构可知，April 29,2011为定语从句的先行词，从句缺少时间状语，故用when引导。此题易误选A项that，认为这是强调句型“It's/was＋被强调部分＋that...”的应用。若选 that 的话，April 29,2011前要加介词on。答案：B
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核心考点突破
一、句子的分类
二、并列句的基本概念
并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。
三、常见的并列句
1．表递进关系：用来表递进关系的并列连词有and，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，not...but...等。
(2011年高考山东卷)Find ways to praise your children often，________you'll find they will open their hearts to you.A．till
B．or C．and
D．but 句意：如果你能找到一些方法来经常表扬你的孩子，你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。本题所考查的句式为“祈使句＋and/or＋ 陈述句”。本句中前面的祈使句表示条件，后面的陈述句表示条件下的结果，故用 and 连接；or表示“否则”，与句意不符。
C 2．表选择关系：常用的并列连词有or，either...or...，otherwise等。Either you are right，or I am.要么你对，要么我对。Don't drive so fast，or/otherwise you'll have an accident.不要开那么快，否则你会出事的。
3．表转折关系：常用的并列连词有but，yet，whereas，while等。Jane said she was ill，yet I saw her in the street just now.简说她病了，但刚才我在街上看到了她。
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Some men are rich，while/whereas others are poor.一些人很富有但其他人很贫穷。
4．表因果关系：常用的并列连词有so，for。It must have rained last night for it is wet all over.昨晚一定下雨了，到处都这么湿。
The shops were closed so I didn't get any milk.商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。
5．when还可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：(1)sb.was doing sth.when...(2)sb.was about to/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when...(3)sb.had just done sth.when...。
We were having a meeting when someone broke in.我们正在开会，这时突然有人闯了进来。
We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.我们正打算动身，突然下起了雨。
典例2](2011年高考浙江卷)One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away ________ my daughter heard cries for help.A．after
B．while C．since
D．when 句意：一个周五，我们正在打包裹动身去过周末，就在这时我女儿听到了呼救声。表示“正在做某事„„就在这时(突然)„„”用be doing sth.when…，所以D项正确。
D 6．while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music.他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。
一、时间状语从句 1．when，while和as when引导的从句的谓语动词既可是一个持续性动词，也可是非持续性动词；while引导的从句的谓语动词必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比；as引导的从句的谓语动词可以是持续性动词，也可以是非持续性动词，有“随着”之意，多用于主从句动作同时发生。
2．as soon as，immediately，directly，the moment，the minute，no sooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when，once等引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一„„就„„”。3．till，until和not(...)until till，until引导时间状语从句时，主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，主从句都为肯定式，意为“某动作一直延续到某一时间才停止”。not(...)until引导时间状语从句时，主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为“直到……才……”。not(...)until还可以用于强调句和倒装句。4．before和since 若表达“没过……就，过了……才”之意时，须用连词before，句式为“It was/will be＋时间段＋before...”；since意为“自从……”，句式为“It is/has been＋时间段＋since...”。
5．every time，each time，next time，the first time，any time等名词短语引导时间状语从句时，分别表示“每次……，每次……，下次……，第一次……，任何时候……”。
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Mary made coffee ________her guests were finishing their meal.A．so that
B．although C．while
D．as if 此处的while表示“当„„的时候”，表示两个动作同时发生；“玛丽煮咖啡”和“她的客人吃完饭”这两个动作是同时进行的，因此要用while。
C
二、让步状语从句
1．让步状语从句表示尽管有某种不利于主句动作发生的条件存在，主句中的情况依然会出现。引导让步状语从句的连词比较多，常见的有：although，though，while；even if＝even though；no matter＋疑问词＝疑问词＋ever；whether…or...。
although与though两者意思相近，用法也相近，都可以与yet，still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。2．as引导让步状语从句要倒装
as引导让步状语从句时，状语、表语及谓语动词的一部分应置于as之前。若表语是名词，前置时要省略冠词。
Tim is in good shape physically ________he doesn't get much exercise.A．as
B．even though C．unless
D．as long as 句意：尽管Tim锻炼得不多，但他的身材保持得很好。此处的even though表示让步，意为“即使”。
B(2011年高考辽宁卷)No matter how________，it is not necessarily lifeless.A．a desert may be dry
B．dry a desert may be C．may a desert be dry
D．dry may a desert be 句意：一个沙漠无论多么干旱，也不一定就没有生命。how 与形容词和可数名词单数连用的顺序为：how＋形容词＋a(n)＋可数名词单数，与其用法一样的还有so，too等。如：so difficult a question 如此难的一个问题；It's too long a journey to make in one day.旅程太远，一天之内到不了。故选B。
B
三、条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的连词有：if，unless(＝if...not)(除非)，so(as)long as(只要)，in case(以防万一)，on condition that(条件是)，supposing(that)(假设)，provided/providing(that)(假如)等。
(2011年高考江苏卷)It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine.________，we'd better take it to the garage immediately.A．Otherwise
B．If not C．But for that
D．If so 句意：听起来好像汽车的发动机出了故障。如果这样的话，我们最好马上把它开到维修厂(修理一下)。otherwise否则，要不然； if not如果不是这样的话；but for that 要不是那样。以上三项均不符合句意和语境。if so“如果这样的话”，符合句意和语境。if so 相当于 if something is wrong with the car's engine。
D(2011年高考湖南卷)Jack wasn't saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him________he had done something very clever.第 4页
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A．as if
B．in case C．while
D．though 句意：杰克什么也没说，但是老师朝着他笑，就好像他做了非常明智的事情一样。
as if 好像；in case以防万一；while当„„时候，而，却；though尽管。由句意可知应选A项。
A
四、地点、原因状语从句 1．地点状语从句
地点状语从句是表示主句谓语动词的动作发生的地点的状语从句，引导词有where，wherever，anywhere，everywhere等。2．原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的连词有：because，as，since，now(that)，for，seeing(that)，considering that等，每个连词的含义不尽相同。
Today，we will begin________we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A．when
B．where C．how
D．what 句意：今天我们从昨天我们停止的地方开始，以便我们不遗漏任何一点。where引导地点状语从句。
B
五、目的、结果状语从句
1．引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that，in order that，for fear(that)，in case，lest等。
Leave your key with a neighbor ________you lock yourself out one day.A．ever since
B．even if C．soon after
D．in case in case引导目的状语从句，意为“以防万一”，符合题意。ever since引导时间状语从句，意思是“自从”；even if引导让步状语从句，意思是“即使”。
D
五、目的、结果状语从句
1．引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that，in order that，for fear(that)，in case，lest等。
Leave your key with a neighbor ________you lock yourself out one day.A．ever since
B．even if C．soon after
D．in case in case引导目的状语从句，意为“以防万一”，符合题意。ever since引导时间状语从句，意思是“自从”；even if引导让步状语从句，意思是“即使”。
D She had a tense expression on her face，________she was expecting trouble.A．even though
B．as though C．so that
D．now that 题意：她表情紧张，好像预料到麻烦要来。as if/though引导方式状语从句，意为“好像”。而even though引导让步状语从句，意为“即使”。
B 高考秘笈
状语从句的易错点
________you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A．However a serious problem
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B．What a serious problem C．However serious a problem D．What serious a problem
C 该句意“无论你有多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战”，由此可知，应由however引导让步状语从句，语序为“however＋形容词＋a(n)＋单数名词”。如果对however的词性不明确，会导致误选A项。
考查状语从句的题目，应着重考虑以下几点。
1．要根据前后句的逻辑关系判断是哪一种状语从句。2．注意when/while/as引导时间状语从句时的异同。3．注意区别until和till的不同用法。
4．一些名词短语和副词以及一些固定句式都可以表示“一……就……”的意思。5．注意because/as/since/now that等引导原因状语从句时异同。
6．although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。7．no matter who/what/where/how等可引导让步状语从句，相当于whoever/whatever/wherever/however等。但whoever/whatever/ whichever还可引导名词性从句。
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第三篇：状语从句
Clauses of Condition, Concession and Contrast(条件、让步和对比从句)条件从句
由 if, unless, as(so)long as, provided / providing(that), suppose / supposing(that), in case等引导，如：
If he comes I'll tell you.You would have succeeded if you had tried harder.You will fail unless you work hard.(=You will fail if you don't work hard.)
Supposing / Suppose it rains, shall we have the match as scheduled?
In case you need anything else, please let me know.让步从句
由 although, though, even though, even if, whether...or, while, as, wh-words + ever(= no matter + wh-words)等从属连词引导，如：
He is quite modest though he is the best student in the class.The needle has the same mass whether it is hot or cold.Whichever(No matter which)plan you adopt, you will meet with difficulties.使用上述让步从句的某些从属连词时注意以下几点：
a.although(though)不可与连词 but 连用；
b.as 引导的从句意义和 though 相似，但表示的语气较强，并须将强调的词放在句首（但不用 although），如：
Simple as(though)the question may seem, it is not at all common in nature.c.however / no matter how 引导的从句中，however / no matter how 后须紧跟形容词或副词，如：
However / No matter how hard I tried, I couldn't remember all the questions.对比从句
表示两个人或两件事之间的对比，常用 while 或 whereas 引导，如：
He is idle, while his brother is diligent.Some people like fat meat, whereas others hate it.Clauses of Cause, Result and Purpose(原因、结果和目的从句)原因从句
主要由下列从属连词引导：
1． Because, as, since。其中 because 语气最强，表示直接、主要原因，通常引导的从句放在句尾，特别是回答 why 提出的问题只能用 because;as 和 since 表示明显的、已知的原因，since 比 as 正式，如：
They had to move because their building was to be pulled down.As Mary was the eldest, she looked after the others.Since they live near the sea, they often go sailing.2． now that, seeing(that), considering(that), in that。这些连词与 as, since 意思相近，通常用于书面语，并且它们兼有其它意义。now that 有“时间”含义，表示”既然”，说明一种新
情况；seeing(that)和 considering(that)有“条件”含义；in that 有”某一方面”含义，如：
Now that you are well again you can travel.Seeing(that)they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.I was lucky in that I was able to find a good baby-sitter（保姆）.结果从句
常用 so that, so...that, such...that, that 等连词引导，如：
I was caught in a shower, so that all my clothes got wet.I was so tired that I could hardly keep my eyes open.He was such a good runner that I couldn't catch him.目的从句
常用 so that, in order(that), lest, for fear that 等连词引导，如：
I took a taxi so that I could be in time for the meeting.Come closer in order that you may see the blackboard better.so that 既可引导结果从句也可引导目的从句，但结果从句表示事实，通常不含情态动词；目的从句表示希望或想要实现的事实，通常含有情态动词，如：
He got up early so that he caught the train.（结果）
He got up early so that he could(might)catch the train.（目的）
Lest 和 for fear(that)含有否定意义，并且从句中动词须用 “动词原形”或 ”should + V.” 的虚拟语气，如：
He ran away lest he(should)be caught.(= He ran away in order that he would not be caught.)
I checked all the results time and again for fear that there should be any mistakes.(= I checked all the results time and again so that there wouldn't be any mistakes.)
Clauses of Manner and Comparison(方式和比较从句)方式从句
主要由 just as, as, as if, as though 等连词引导，如：
He doesn't speak the way as other people do.Our bodies are made up of millions of very small cells, just as a building is made of many stones or bricks.He speaks French as if(as though)he were a Frenchman.由 as if 或 as though 引导的从句通常用虚拟语气，但如果主句谓语是感官动词，并且所述情况实现可能性大，也可用陈述语气，如：
It looks as if the coming autumn harvest will be even better than the last one.比较从句
主要由 as...as, not so(as)...as, than 等连词引导，如：
This table is as wide as that one.Mary can not run so(as)fast as Tom.Silver conducts electricity better than other metals.Clauses of Proportion and Other Types(比例从句和其它从句)比例从句
由关联词 the...the...连接形容词或副词比较级构成，如：
The more she thought about it, the more she liked it.其它从句
如 as...so 和 what...that 引导的类比从句；so(as)far as 引导的范围从句；except that 引导的例外从句；rather / sooner than 和 would / had rather than 引导的择比从句等，如：
As the desert is like a sea, so is the camel like a ship.（沙漠似海，骆驼似舟。）
What blood vessel is to a man's body, that railway is to transportation.（铁路对于运输，好比血管对于人的身体。）
As(So)far as I know, he is an honest man.（据我所知，他是一个诚实的人。）
I would do it with pleasure, except that I am too busy.（要不是我太忙了，我会很高兴去做的。）
Rather than get money in such a dishonest way, he would beg in the streets.（他宁可沿街乞讨，也不愿意用欺骗手段骗取钱。）
He would rather have the small one than the large one.（他宁可要那个小的，而不愿要那个大的。）
第四篇：状语从句1
状语从句
一：什么是状语从句？
用一个句子(从句)来作另一个句子(主句)的状语，用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句。例如：条件状语从句就是用一个句子来作条件状语。二：状语从句的分类。
1.时间状语从句用法要点。
凡是从句都必须有引导词，引导时间状语从句的词有 when, before, after, until, as soon as, while 等，具体用法如下：
（1）.when 意为“当„„时”，引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。例如：
I feel very happy when you come to see me.你（们）来看我时，我感到很高兴。
When you are crossing the street, you must be careful.你（们）过街道时，一定要小心。when引导的时间状语从句，when的从句可以用延续性动词，也可以用点动词。He was working at the table when I went in.当我进去的时候，他正在桌旁工作。Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping.当我正在睡觉时，有人敲门。I will visit my good friend when I have time.当我有空儿时，我将去看望我的好友。I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai.当我在上海时，我为一家外国企业工作。
注：when也可以作并列连词，表示一个动词正在进行的时候，突然间发生了另外一件事。
I was fishing by the river , when someone called for help.我正在河边钓鱼，就在那时有人求救。
We were working in the chemistry lab, when the lights went out.我们正在化学实验室工作，突然灯都熄灭了。
比较while, when, as
1）as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。
Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用as 或 while。When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.3）从句表示“随时间推移”连词能用as，不用when 或while。
As the day went on, the weather got worse.日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。
（2）.before 意为“在„„之前”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。例如：
We cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday.昨天离开学校之前，我们打扫了教室。
He had been a cook before he went to college.他上大学前曾当过厨师。
after 意为“在„„之后”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。例如：
After you use plastic bags, you mustn't throw them about.你（们）用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。
He called me after he had finished his work.他在工作完之后给我打了个电话。
注：若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近，那么也可以不用完成时态，例如 1
上面的第二句可改成：He called me after he finished his work.（3）.since引导的时间状语从句，译为“自从„„”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。
We have made many dumplings since we began to cook.自从我们开始做饭起，我们已经包了许多饺子了。
We haven't seen each other since we parted.我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。
注：常用句型：It is +时间段+since从句译为：自从„„有多长时间了。
It is six years since she graduated from the university.自从她大学毕业已有六年的时间了。
（4）.until 意为“直到„„时”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。当主句的谓语动词是持续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式；当主句的谓语动词是非持续性动词时，从句常用否定形式, not...until...意为“直到„„才„„”，这时的until可以用before 来替换。例如：
I'll stay here until you come back.我会呆在这里，直到你回来。(stay表示的动作可以持续)
He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。(go to bed 表示的动作不能持续)
（5）表示“一„就„”的结构
hardly/scarcely„when/before, no sooner„than 和as soon as都可以表示“一„就„”的意思，表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。例：
①、I'll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就告诉他这件事。
②、I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain.③、I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.④、As soon as I got home, it began to rain.注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：
Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.（6）.while引导的时间状语从句，常译为“与„„同时，在„„期间”，while的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的词。
They rushed in while we were discussing problems.当我们正在讨论问题时，他们冲了进来。
Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games.当我正在打电子游戏时，爸爸正在清洗汽车。
注：while也可以作并列连词，表转折的关系，相当于but，译为“然而”。eg.I like listening to music, while my brother likes doing sports.我喜欢听音乐，而我的兄弟爱好运动。
（7）.till和until引导的时间状语从句，译为“直到„„为止”，not „ till / until引导的时间状语从句，译为“直到„„才”。前者强调主句动作的结束，用延续性动词，后者强调主句动作的开始，用点动词。
比较until和till
此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。
肯定句：
I slept until midnight.我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you.等着我叫你。
（在肯定句中可用before代替 Let's get in the wheat before the sun sets.）
否定句：
She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock.她直到6点才到。
Don't get off the bus until it has stopped.公共汽车停稳后再下车。
I didn't manage to do it until you had explained how.直到你教我后，我才会做。
1)Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。
Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。
2)Until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。
---Until when are you staying? 你呆到什么时候？
---Until next Monday.呆到下周一。
注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。
(1）Not until „在句首，主句用倒装。
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热能是什么。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.直到我开始工作，我才认识到了我已蹉跎了几多岁月。
(2)It is not until„ that„
I will wait for my friend until / till he comes.我要一直等到我朋友来。
We won't start our discussion until / till he comes.我们要等到他来了，再开始我们的讨论。
2、地点状语从句用法要点。
常用where（哪里）和wherever（无论哪里）引导。
Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。
We will go wherever the motherland need us most.我们要到祖国最需要的地方去。Where I live there are plenty of trees.我住的地方树很多。
Wherever I am I will be thinking of you.不管我在哪里我都会想到你。方式状语从句
方式状语从句通常由as,(just)as„so„, as if, as though引导。
1）as,(just)as„so„引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as„so„结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是“正如„”，“就像”，多用于正式文体，例如：Always do to the others as you would be done by.你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。
As water is to fish, so air is to man.我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。
2）as if, as though
两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作“仿佛„„似的”，“好像„„似的”，例如：
They completely ignore these facts as if(as though)they never existed.他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）He looks as if(as though)he had been hit by lighting.他那样子就像被雷击了似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。）
说明：as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，例如：He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。
He cleared his throat as if to say something.他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。
The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。原因状语从句用法要点。
常用的引导连词有because, as和since。三者的区别是：在回答问题的时候，使用because；对于显而易见的原因，常用as或since；as和since的从句常放在主句之前，而because的从句常放在主句之后。
Why did you go?I went because Tom told me to go.你为何去？那是因为汤姆叫我去。He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise.他很生气不是因为我们来迟了，而是因为我们弄出了声音。
As it was raining hard, we had to be indoors.由于雨太大，我们只好呆在家里。
Since you feel ill, you'd better not go to work.既然你感觉不舒服，你最好不要去上班了。比较：because, since, as和for
1）because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。
I didn't go, because I was afraid.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.2）由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗 号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。
He is absent today, because / for he is ill.He must be ill, for he is absent today.5、目的状语从句用法要点。
常用的引导连词有so that, that和in order that译为：以便，为了，目的是。此外还有lest, for fear that, in case等词引导，例如，Please speak more slowly so that we can make full notes.请讲慢一点，以便我们能作详细笔记。
I shall write down your address that I may not forget.我要把你的地址记下来，以免忘记。
I sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach him in time.这封信我以航空信发出，以便他能及时收到。
You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.He wrote the name down for fear that(lest)he should forget it.Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.注：目的状语从句可以用动词不定式来替换做目的状语
We work harder than usualfinish it in a week.我们比平常加倍努力工作以在一周内完
成工作。结果状语从句
结果状语从句常由so„ that 或 such„that引导，掌握这两个句型，首先要了解so 和 such与其后的词的搭配规律。
比较：so和 such
其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。
so foolishsuch a fool
so nice a flowersuch a nice flower
so many / few flowerssuch nice flowers
so much / little money.such rapid progress
so many peoplesuch a lot of people
（so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。）
so„that与such„that之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。
The boy is so young that he can't go to school.He is such a young boy that he can't go to school条件状语从句用法要点。
我们主要看一下由if引导的条件状语从句。if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句时，表示假如有从句的动作发生就(不)会有主句的动作发生。例如：
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go there by bike.如果明天不下雨，我们就骑自行车去那里。
If I get there early, I can see the doctor quickly.如果我早早地到那里，我就可以快点看病。连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。.if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。
unless = if not.Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk.典型例题
You will be late ___ you leave immediately.A.unlessB.untilC.ifD.or
答案A。句意：除非你立即走，否则你就回迟到的。可转化为 If you dong leave immediately, you will be late.B、D句意不对，or表转折，句子如为 You leave immediately or you will be late.8让步状语从句
though, although
注意： 当有though, although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。
He is very old, but he still works very hard.虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。
Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。（谚语）
典型例题
1）___she is young, she knows quite a lot.A.When B.HoweverC.AlthoughD.Unless
答案：C。意为虽然她很年轻，却知道许多。
2)as, though 引导的倒装句
as / though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.注意： a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。
b.句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.= Though he tries hard, he never seems„
虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。
3)ever if, even though.即使
We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.4)whether„or-不管„„都
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.5)“no matter +疑问词” 或“疑问词+后缀ever”
No matter what happened, he would not mind.Whatever happened, he would not mind.替换：no matter what = whatever
no matter who = whoever
no matter when = whenever
no matter where = wherever
no matter which = whichever
no matter how = however
注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
（错）No matter what you say is of no use now.（对）Whatever you say is of no use now.你现在说什么也没用了。(Whatever you say是主语从句)
（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they're given,（对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given.囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。三：主句与从句时态一致的问题。
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分下列两种情况：
1.若主句是祈使句，或主句中有情态动词，或主句中谓语动词是一般将来时，那么从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。例如：
Be careful when you cross the road.过马路时要小心。
Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask.如果你们有问题要问的话，请举手。The traffic must stop when the lights are red.红灯亮时，车辆必须停下。
2.若主从句谓语动词都是陈述过去，那么主从句都可以用一般过去时。例如：She could sing when she was four years old.她四岁的时候就会唱歌。
第五篇：英语状语从句
（三）状语从句
（一）时间状语从句
例题 I didn’t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.A.unlessB.untilC.whenD.since 分析 时间状语从句在复合句中作状语，表示主句动作发生的时间。引导这种从句的词有after, before, as, when, while , till , until, since, once;连接副词immediately 等；起连接作用的短语as soon as, by the 不能用形容词such.例如：
● Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.4.so+ adj.(adv.)+that+从句●The boy is so old that he can go to school.5.so + adj.+ a(an)+单数名词
●He is so good a student that we all like him.time, hardly…when, no sooner…than等。例如： ● I was writing a letter when he came in.● She did not go to bet until she(had)finished her homework.● It is nearly six years since we began to learn English.● Once you begin, you must go on.● By the time I arrived at the station, the train had left.时间状语从句中谓语动词的时态用法，应注意下面两点： 1． 要用一般现在时替代一般将来时，例如： ● I’ll let him know when he comes.2.要用一般过去时替代过去将来时，例如： ●He said he would wait here until I came back.例题的意思是：“直到你说明怎么办之后，我才设法把这件事做好。”根据题意，须由until 引导此例的时间状语从句，所以正确答案应为B。
（二）地点状语从句
例题 When you read the book , you’d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.A.at whichB.at whereC.the place whereD.where
分析 地点状语从句在复合句中作状语，表示主句的动作发生的处所或方向，这种从句通常用连接副词where，wherever(无论在哪里，无论到哪里)引导。例如： ● Where there is oppression, there is struggle.例题的意思是：“你看书时，最好在有问题的地方做一个记号。”此复合句中的从句是个地点状语从句，须用连接副词where 引导，所以正确答案应为D。
（三）结果（程度）状语从句
例题 She told us _____story that we all forgot about the time.A.such an interestingB.such interesting aC.so an interestingD.a so interesting
分析 结果状语从句在复合句中作状语，表示主句的动作所引起的结果。这种从句由such…that, so…that, so that等引导。其用法举例如下： 1． Such +a(an)+(adj.)+单数可数名词+ that+从句
● He left in such a hurry that he forgot to lock the door.2.such+(adj.)+复数可数名词+从句
●He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.3.such+(adj.)+不可数名词+that+从句
●He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term exam.在“such+ adj.+ n.+that+ clause”这个结构中，其中名词由many, much, few, little 修饰时，须用副词so,例题中的结果状语从句由“such+ an + adj.+单数可数名词+that”引导。属于第一种情况，所以正确答案应为A。
（四）目的状语从句
例题 I hurried____ I wouldn’t be late for class.A.sinceB.so thatC.as ifD.unless 分析 目的状语从句在复合句中作状语，表示主句的动作发生的目的。这种从句用连词so that, in order that 等引导。目的状语从句的谓语动词中常有情态动词may/might, can/ could, will/ would 和should.例如：
● He is working hard so that he may pass his examination.例题中有一个目的状语从句，所以正确答案应为D。
（五）条件状语从句
例题_____he comes, we won’t be able to go.A.WithoutB.UnlessC.ExceptD.Even 分析 条件状语从句在复合句中作状语，表示主句的动作发生的条件、假定等。条件状语从句通常由连词if, unless和起连接作用的短语so/ as long as(只要)，so far as(就…)，suppose(that)(假定)等引导。例如：
● If it rains tomorrow, we’ll stay at home.● He will not come unless he is invited.● Suppose he is absent, what shall we do?
● As long as we don’t lose heart , we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.例题的选项中只有unless 可以引导一个条件状语从句，所以正确答案应为B。
（六）让步状语从句
例题 _____, he doesn’t study well.A.As he is cleverB.He is as cleverC.Clever as he isD.As clever he is
分析 让步状语从句在复合句中作状语，表示某种不利的情况或障碍，但这些因素并不能阻止主句的动作的发生。这种从句通常用连词although, though, as, however等；连接代词whatever, whoever等；起连接作用的短语even if though, no matter how what who 等引导。例如： ● Although/ Though the task was difficult, they managed to complete it in time.● Young as he is, he knows a lot.用as 引导让步状语从句时，常用倒装语序，如上面例句所示。● Nobody believed him no matter what / whatever he said.● He will never succeed.however/no matter how hard he tries.● Even if/ though an icy wind blew from the north, we always slept with our windows open.例题中有一个as 引导的让步状语从句，故从句中的表语clever 须放到as 前面去，所以正确答案应为C。
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