宾语从句是初中英语教学的重点和难点

第一篇：宾语从句是初中英语教学的重点和难点

宾语从句是初中英语教学的重点和难点,全面掌握其用法十分必要。我认为学好宾语从句应从以下几方面着手。

一、了解概念

宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。整句结构是以主句开始，有主语和谓语。谓语动词是及物电池、动词，需要宾语来完成句子的，而此处的宾语是一个从句，这就是宾语从句。结构是：主＋谓＋引导词＋主＋谓。

二、了解应掌握的三种宾语从句 1陈述句

主句＋引导词（that）＋宾语从句，其中的that在口语或非正式文体中可省略。如：

That said（that）it was cold in Moscow.2 特殊问句

主句＋连接代词或连接副词＋宾语从句。如：

Do you know where we will stay on the island ？ 3 一般问句

主句＋whether或if＋宾语从句。如：

Could you tell me whether that is a pen or not ？

三、应特别注意的事项 1 从句的语序

无论是连接代词还是连接副词引导的宾语从句，其从句应用陈述语序。如： He couldn’t remember where he had put his book.2 时态呼应

当主句为一般现在时，从句的时态根据实际情况，可用任何时态。如： She says（that）she will be back in a month.当主句为过去时，从句根据实际情况可用与过去时相应的时态、即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时和过去完成时。如：

She told us（that）she was born in Jane，1990.但如果从句所述的是客观真理时，从句时态无需改变，仍用一般现在时。如： The teacher said（that）the earth turns around the sun.【考点扫描】

中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面： 1.引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择； 2.宾语从句的语序； 3.宾语从句的时态。

考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到宾语从句。【名师精讲】 一.宾语从句的种类

宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。

1.由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said(that)he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know(that)she is seriously ill.I am sure(that)he will succeed.2.由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。

例如： Do you know who(whom)they are waiting foe? He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late.3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if(whether)he lives there.He asked me whether(if)I could help him.二.宾语从句的语序

宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。

例如：I hear(that)physics isn’t easy.I think(that)you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.三.宾语从句的时态

1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如：I don’t think(that)you are right.Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S.soon.3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。

例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.] Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.0 推荐

宾语从句是初中阶段英语教学的重点之一，也是学生学习的难点之一。无论是在平时测试，还是在各种竞赛或中考中，牵涉到宾语从句用法的试题很多，所占的分值也比较大。现将初中阶段涉及到的宾语从句归纳如下。一.宾语从句的判断

宾语从句，顾名思义，是一个用作宾语的句子。例如：

I don't know if / whether my father will come back tomorrow.（我不知道明天我爸爸是否会回来。）

Tom can't decide which sweater he should buy.（汤姆不能决定应该买哪一件羊毛衫。）

We all know（that）the sun rises in the east.（我们都知道太阳在东方升起。）二.辨别主句和宾语从句

引导宾语从句的连接词有三种，分别为： A.连词 if / whether ； B.连接代词或连接副词； C.连词 that.如果原来的直接引语为一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，就形成了 A 种宾语从句。如果原来的直接引语为特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，就形成了 B 种宾语从句。C 种宾语从句是原来直接引语中的陈述句。如将两个句子组成含有宾语从句的主从复合句，会有以下几种情况： 1.Will he come back tomorrow？ Do you know？

→ Do you know if / whether he will come back tomorrow？ 2.Which sweater should Tom buy？ Tom can't decide.→ Tom can't decide which sweater he should buy.3.The sun rises in the east.We all know.→ We all know that the sun rises in the east.宾语从句是初中英语一个重要的语法内容，同时它也是中考必考的容易失分的一个项目。要学好宾语从句，必须掌握好它的基本概念，基本特点和有关难点。

基本概念：在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。它是众多从句中的一员，它在复合句中作主句谓语动词,介词或某些形容词的宾语。

I think(that)you will like the students.They often worry about whether they can get the jobs.基本特点：

一 选择合适的连结词。

1．词that（在口语、非正式文体中可以省略，本身没有意义）。引导陈述句做宾语从句。如：

I tell him that I have read the story.2．连词if或whether（是否）；引导一般疑问句做宾语从句。

Do you know if he will go to school tomorrow?

3．代词who（作主语）、whom（作宾语）、whose（定语）、which（主语、定语）；连接副词when, why, how, where，(均作状语)。引导特殊疑问句做宾语从句。

He didn't know when he would leave for Shanghai.二.宾语从句要用陈述句语序。

所谓陈述句语序就是指宾语从句中主语一定要放在谓语动词之前。

(1)主句（主语＋谓语vt）＋（that）从句（主语＋谓语……）；(2)主句＋if/whether从句（主语＋谓语…）；

(3)主句＋连接代词who/whom/whose/what/which+陈述句语序（主语＋谓语…）；

（4）主句＋连接副词when/where/why/how+陈述句语序。使用时就注意连词的意义，是否担任成份。例如：

1）Can you hear___?

A.what did he say B.that he said C.what he said

2)Can you tell me ? What's your name ?

Can you tell me what your name is ?

3)He didn't under stand..Can this machine work?

He didn't understand if this machine could work.方法有很多，多练习多体会，注意细节，就能很好的掌握它。

第二篇：初中宾语从句教案

教学内容：

宾语从句的定义

划出下面的宾语部分 I know him.He runs a big shoe factory.We grow lots of vegetables.He told me the news.I hear that you have passed the examination.置于动词、介词和形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。

大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句，如think, hope, wish, believe ,say ,know ,hear ,tell ,remember ,forget等，常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有： sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised。He told me（that）he would go to college the next year.We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.I am sorry I am late.I am sure I will pass the exam.宾语从句主要考点梳理 一.宾语从句中引导词的用法

在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有： 连词：that(that 常可省略),whether, if 代词：who, whose, what ,which ,whoever, whatever, whichever 副词：when ,where, how, why 等。

（一）that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：

say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。

例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.注意事项：当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。例句：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.在以下情况中that不能省略

1.当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。例句：He said(that)you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.2.当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。

例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.3.当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died.注意事项：如果从句太长，可以用形式宾语it.例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天写日记成了习惯.We all find it important that we(should)make a quick decision about this mater.我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.（二）由whether,if 引导的宾语从句

由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。

例句：I wonder whether(if)they will come to our party.只能用whether，不能用if引导的宾语从句

1.直接与or not连用时

例句：I can’t say whether or not they can come on time.2.在带to的不定式前

例句：We decided whether to walk there.3.在介词的后面

例句：I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.Everything depends on whether we have enough money。只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句

if引导否定概念的宾语从句时

例句：He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday.（三）连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句

这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。

英语中的连接代词有：who,whom,whose,which,what，在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。如：

例句：Do you know who will come this afternoon ?

(作主语)

Did you hear what she said ?

（作宾语）

I don’t know whose that is.（作表语）

Could you tell me which gate we have to go to ?（作定语）

Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?（作宾语）

英语中的连接副词有：when,where,why,how，在句中担任状语的成分。例句：None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.Can you tell me how I get to the post office ?

We didn’t know when she would come back.二.宾语从句的时态

1、主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。例句：

She says that she is a student.She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.She says that she has finished her homework already.She says that she can sing a song in English.I hear he was here yesterday.Could you tell me what you were doing at eight last night?

2、主句是过去时态，从句需改为相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改为一般过去时，现在进行时改为过去进行时，一般将来时改成过去将来时，现在完成时和一般过去时改为过去完成时。

She said that she was a student.She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.She said that she had finished her homework already.She said that she could sing a song in English.She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.3、如果宾语从句中有明确表示过去的时间状语，不论主句用什么时态，从句一律用过去时。

She said she came to work here in 1998.The teacher told us that the war broke out in the winter of 1923.4、如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.He told me that Japan is an island country.The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.5、委婉语气Could you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见，并不表示过去常按照一般现在时处理。

Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum? 三.特殊疑问句变宾语从句五注意

1、在引导词上，要将疑问代词或疑问副词变为连接代词或连接副词，引导宾语从句。如：

Whose bike is this ? Does anybody know ?

Does anybody know whose bike this is ?

2、宾语从句的时态与主句的时态保持一致。如：

When the train will arrive ? He asked me.He asked me when the train would arrive.3、在语序上，要将疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。如：

Which one do you like best ? She asked me.She asked me which one I liked best.[注意] 疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是do / does / did , 变为宾语从句时，要先将其去掉，谓语时词再根据时态作相应的变化。

4、特殊疑问句词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。如：

Who can answer the question ? The teacher asked.The teacher asked who could answer the question.5、特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后，用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式：

如主句为陈述句、祈使句，句末就用句号；如主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。如：

I don’t know when we shall start tomorrow.Do you know when we shall start tomorrow ? 

第三篇：初中英语语法宾语从句试讲教案

宾语从句教学设计

一、导入

1.复习什么是宾语。动词/介词后面的名词就是宾语。

I play basketball.We are talking about our homework..2.宾语从句就是在宾语的位置上放一个完整的句子。3.I love that I can earn some coupons.板书：He knows me.He knows what’s wrong with his wife.说出2个句子的宾语。

说出2个句子的宾语是词（词组）还是句子。

第一个句子的宾语是一个词构成的，第二个句子的宾语是一个句子，我们称这种做宾语的句子叫宾语从句。在句子中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。其中 he knows 叫主句，what’s wrong with him是从句。

说出下面4个句子的主句和从句。

A．He said that he had a very good journey home.B．He asked if /whether they had come.C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun.D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office.总结：。是主句，剩下的是由that，if，how引导的宾语从句。初步认识了宾语从句，下面我们开始了解宾语从句的三要素 引导词（连接词）语序 时态

1)从属连词that引导陈述句宾语从句，在口语或者非正式语中可以被省略

比如上面四句话中的A,C就是that引导的陈述句的宾语从句。如果省略掉that，该如何修改。（让学生口头修改）

A．He said that he had a very good journey home.C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun.2）由从属连词 whether, if 引导一般疑问句的宾语从句，表示“是否”，比如上面的B就是由if引导的宾语从 句，B．He asked if /whether they had come.3）由连接代词

who,whom,whose,which,what, whoever, whichever, whatever 和连接副词 where, how, why,when引导的宾语从句

代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略，比如上面的D。

D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office.注意：关于是否if/whether.Whether,if 引导宾语从句：两词可互换，但是下列情形除外：

1)．whether从句中有or not

2)．whether从句做介词宾语

3)whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.4)在不定式前只能用whether.（如：I can’t decide whether to stay.我不能决定是否留下。）

5)避免歧异时，我们常用whether而不用if.Paper课堂

1.I asked her __________ she had a bike.2.We’re worried about ________ he is safe.3.I don’t know ________ or not he is well.4.I don’t know _______ to go.继续观察上面的四句话，请问宾语从句的语序有什么特点？（陈述句语序）不管原来的句子是陈述句，一般疑问句还是特殊疑问句，放在宾语从句里都是陈述句语序。（板书）改写宾语从句。陈述句Doctor Li is very patient.2

It is well-known that _____.一般疑问句Is Doctor Li very patient? John wants to know __________(用if或者whether引导)特殊疑问句How is Doctor LI? John wants to know ____ 练习

Part 1 课堂练习（paper）

Mike gets up at seven in the morning.He says that---Mike gets up at seven in the morning

The teacher asks--if Mike gets up at seven in the morning..The teacher asks what time---Mike gets up in the morning.我们已经了解了宾语从句的引导词和语序，下面我们来学习下宾语从句的时态。（卡片，贴在上面时态的旁边）口诀：主现从任意

主过从过去 从真理用现在 一张paper发 朗读并且分析主句从句的时态  主句用现在时，从句可用任意时态。可归纳为“主现从任意”

Do you know what time the ship leaves? Do you know when John was born? Do you know if John has passed his exams?  主句用过去时，从句用过去的某个时态。可归纳为“主过从过去”

He said he had a very good journey home.He asked if they had come.3．主句用过去时，从句是科学真理、客观常识、名人格言时用一般现在时。

He told me that the earth goes around the sun.(自然真理客观现象)He didn’t know that summer comes after spring when he was five years old.注意：4情态动词could/would用于，“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句不受主句的约束。

Could you tell me where I can buy a pencil sharpener? 5主句是一般过去时，从句中有具体的过去时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。

  The teacher told me she was born in 1960.I heard that he went to Paris last night.宾语从句的一些特殊句式

 1动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后it为形式宾语，后跟名词或形容词作宾补，而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾）

We think it our duty that we should help others.I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.2.否定转移

若主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。

I think he won’t come here.（）I don’t think he will come here.（）2.当宾语从句的引导词正好做主语的时候，语序不变，比如常用的what和who Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？

The small children don't know what is in their stockings What’s wrong?（what was wrong）

What’s the matter?（what was the matter）

What’s happening? What happened? eg:

I don’t know what’s the matter.I don’t know what the matter is.(F)

Can you tell me who is over there?（who做主语）Can you tell me who he is ?（who做表语）

第四篇：初中英语语法宾语从句试讲教案

宾语从句教学设计

一、导入

1.复习什么是宾语。动词/介词后面的名词就是宾语。

I play basketball.We are talking about our homework..2.宾语从句就是在宾语的位置上放一个完整的句子。3.I love that I can earn some coupons.板书：He knows me.He knows what’s wrong with his wife.说出2个句子的宾语。

第一个句子的宾语是一个词构成的，第二个句子的宾语是一个句子，我们称这种做宾语的句子叫宾语从句。在句子中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。其中 he knows 叫主句，what’s wrong with him是从句。

说出下面4个句子的主句和从句。

A．He said that he had a very good journey home.B．He asked if /whether they had come.C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun.D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office.总结：。是主句，剩下的是由that，if，how引导的宾语从句。

初步认识了宾语从句，下面我们开始了解宾语从句的三要素 引导词（连接词）语序 时态

1)从属连词that引导陈述句宾语从句，在口语或者非正式语中可以被省略

比如上面四句话中的A,C就是that引导的陈述句的宾语从句。如果省略掉that，该如何修改。（让学生口头修改）

A．He said that he had a very good journey home.C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun.2）由从属连词 whether, if 引导一般疑问句的宾语从句，表示“是否”，比如上面的B就是由if引导的宾语从句，B．He asked if /whether they had come.3）由连接代词

who,whom,whose,which,what, whoever, whichever, whatever 和连接副词 where, how, why,when引导的宾语从句

代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略，比如上面的D。

D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office.注意：关于是否if/whether.Whether,if 引导宾语从句：两词可互换，但是下列情形除外：

1)．whether从句中有or not

Eg:Whether rain or not we will go to the park.2)．whether从句做介词宾语

3)whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.4)在不定式前只能用whether.（如：I can’t decide whether to stay.我不能决定是否留下。）

5)避免歧异时，我们常用whether而不用if.6)decide 后边的宾语从句要用whether.Paper课堂

1.I asked her __________ she had a bike.2.We’re worried about ________ he is safe.3.I don’t know ________ or not he is well.继续观察上面的四句话，请问宾语从句的语序有什么特点？（陈述句语序）不管原来的句子是陈述句，一般疑问句还是特殊疑问句，放在宾语从句里都是陈述句语序。

（板书）改写宾语从句。陈述句Doctor Li is very patient.It is well-known that _____.一般疑问句Is Doctor Li very patient? John wants to know __________(用if或者whether引导)

练习

Part 1 课堂练习

Mike gets up at seven in the morning.He says that---Mike gets up at seven in the morning

The teacher asks--if Mike gets up at seven in the morning.我们已经了解了宾语从句的引导词和语序，下面我们来学习下宾语从句的时态。

（卡片，贴在上面时态的旁边）口诀：主现从任意

主过从过去 从真理用现在

一张paper发 朗读并且分析主句从句的时态  主句用现在时，从句可用任意时态。可归纳为“主现从任意”

Do you know what time the ship leaves? Do you know when John was born? Do you know if John has passed his exams?  主句用过去时，从句用过去的某个时态。可归纳为“主过从过去”

He said he had a very good journey home.He asked if they had come.3．主句用过去时，从句是科学真理、客观常识、名人格言时用一般现在时。

He told me that the earth goes around the sun.(自然真理客观现象)He didn’t know that summer comes after spring when he was five years old.注意：4情态动词could/would用于，“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句不受主句的约束。

Could you tell me where I can buy a pencil sharpener?

5主句是一般过去时，从句中有具体的过去时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。

 The teacher told me she was born in 1960. I heard that he went to Paris last night.宾语从句的一些特殊句式

 1动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后it为形式宾语，后跟名词或形容词作宾补，而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾）We think it our duty that we should help others.I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.2.否定转移

若主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。

I think he won’t come here.（）I don’t think he will come here.（）

2.当宾语从句的引导词正好做主语的时候，语序不变，比如常用的what和who Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？ The small children don't know what is in their stockings What’s wrong?（what was wrong）

What’s the matter?（what was the matter）

What’s happening? What happened? eg:

I don’t know what’s the matter.I don’t know what the matter is.(F)

Can you tell me who is over there?（who做主语）Can you tell me who he is ?（who做表语）连接词

语序

引导词+主语+谓语 时态

二、知识点讲解

1.语序问题——从句是陈述句语序（在讲课的时候，例句和配题都要反复重复这个原则）

什么是陈述句语序？就是主语在谓语动词前面。⑴ 引导词为that/whether/if 的从句

That 在句子中只做连接作用，没有实际意义

Whether 和 if 都表示“是否”的意义，区别是whether后面能加or not 而if 不能。例句1：

I want to know whether Mike will come with you or not.陈述句语序！I want to know that Mike is good at English or math.陈述句语序！

⑵ 引导词为wh系列特殊疑问词（what which when where why who/whom）+how 例句2：

Do you know what lily’s phone number is.陈述句语序！

I wondered what you were doing at this time yesterday.陈述句语序！Marry asked me when we would take part in the competition.2.时态问题

⑴观察例句1和2中的句子，我们发现，当主句为现在时（一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态随便选。“你的时态你做主” 例句1：

P85/3(2010 北京)Do you know _____ the capital museum?（主现从随便）Next Friday.-----时间状语说明动作发生在将来。A when will they visit B when they will visit C when did they visit D when they visited [分析] 如何判断题目考察的点就是宾语从句？ ①分析题干和选项。

当题干开空的前面是动词，常见的有tell know

ask并且选项都是由特殊疑问词引导 6 的一个完整的句子的时候，多为考查宾语从句。

②判断语序，陈述句语序。

选项设计一般为两个错误时态和两个错误语序。不管时态先看语序。排除疑问句语序。

（对于基础比较差的学生，不明白什么是疑问句语序，就告诉学生，看到以下助动词后面是人称代词就是错误的。）

Is/are/am/was/were + I/we/you/they等人称代词

错误 Has/have/did/will/shall/should + 人称代词

错误

分析时态：主句是一般现在时，从句的时态“你的时态你做主”。——将来时态。

⑵ 当主句的时态是过去的某个时态（一般过去，过去进行，过去完成，过去将来），从句必须只能用过去时态。

注意：当从句陈述的是某个客观事实或者真理的时候，无论主句是何时态，从句都只用一般现在时。例句：

He told me he would go to Canada.(主过从过)

三、总结

在这节课下课之后，要让学生们记住下面几句话。① 陈述句语序

② 主现从随便；主过从过；真理永远一般现在时态。

宾语从句做题方法论：

① 宾语从句出题位置一般为单选题目最后一道，看到选项多为wh特殊疑问词+完整句，开空前多为tell know ask这样的动词。② 观察选项，排除错误语序

③ 根据时间状语和主句时态，选择正确时态。

第五篇：宾语从句和表语从句详解与练习

宾语从句和表语从句详解

名词性从句指的是在整个句子中起名词作用的从句。这种从句可以做主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，所以这类从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。各种名词性从句的结构都是相同的，即由if，whether，that和各种疑问词充当连接词，后接陈述语序。

例如：What they are doing seems very important．（主语从句）

他们在做的事似乎很重要。

My hope is that he will be the best student in the class．（表语从句）

我的愿望是他能够成为班上最好的学生。

Nobody knows who he is．（宾语从句）

大家都不知道他是谁。

I don't like the idea that money is everything．（同位语从句）

我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。

引导名词性从句的连接词中，除了that，if和whether之外其它的都作从句中的一个成分。

【宾语从句】

在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词that，whether，if；连接代词who，which，what以及其强调形式 whoever，whichever，whatever； 连接副词 when，where，why，how等。

例如：Do you know where the Greens live?

I have no interest in how rich he is．

宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构：

1．由that引导的宾语从句（that 引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中可省略）

The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets．

that引导的宾语从句多用于say，think，insist，wish，hope，demand，imagine，wonder，know，suppose，see，believe，agree，admit，deny，expect，explain，order，command，feel，dream，suggest，hear，mean，notice，prefer，request，require，propose，declare，report等后。

当主句谓语动词是 think，believe，suppose，expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。例如：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that．（＝ I think it is not right for him …．）

that不能省略的情况：

（1）当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。如：

He said（that）you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not

to tell you．

（2）当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。如：

Just then I noticed，for the first time，that our master was wearing his fine green

coat and his black silk cap．

（3）当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。如：

I can’t tell him that his mother died． 2．由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句

这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see，say，tell，ask，answer，know，decide，show，find out，imagine，suggest，doubt，wonder，discover，understand，inform，advise等。

I can’t decide which book I should buy． 3．由whether（if）引导的宾语从句

I wonder whether（if）they will come to our party．

由whether（if）引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用。

4．宾语从句后带有宾补时，需用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在句后，这时that不省略。

例如：He thought it wrong that they left the child alone at home．

【表语从句】

在句子中作表语的从句叫做表语从句。引导表语从句的词有连词that，whether；连接代词who，what，which；连接副词when，where，how，why以及其它连词as if，as though，because等。

例如：The question is whether it is worth reading．

They are just what I want．

That’s why they were late．

1．含有表语从句的复合句中的主语通常是fact，truth，explanation，problem，opinion，view等。

如：The fact is that fish can't go without water．

事实是鱼离开水不能存活。

2． as if（as though）也可以用于表语从句。但多是以下面形式出现。

主语＋look（seem）as if＋从句

如：It looked as if it was going to snow．

It seems as if there will be a quarrel soon．

注意：不用 if 引导表语从句。reason做主语时，表语从句应由that引导，不用because。that 引导表语从句时，通常不能省略。

专项练习

1． — I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week．

— Is that ______you had a few days off?

A． why

B． when

C． what

D． where 2． I ask her _____ come with me．

A． if she will

B． if will she

C． whether will she

D． will she 3． It was a matter of _______ would take the position．

A． who

B． whoever

C． whom

D． whomever 4． Can you tell me ________?

A． who is that gentleman is

B． that gentleman is who

C． who that gentleman is

D． whom is that gentleman 5． Can you tell me ________ the railway station?

A． how I can get to

B． what can I get to

C． where I can got to

D． where can I get to 6． It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants．

A． however

B． whatever

C． whichever

D． whenever 7． Do you know ________ ?

A． what is his name

B． how is his name

C． what his name is

D． how his name is 8． Go and get your coat． It's________ you left it．

A． there

B． where

C． there where

D． where there 9． I wonder how much ________．

A． does the watch cost

B． did the watch cost

C． the watch costed

D． the watch costs 10． It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me．

A． what；that

B． that；that

C． what；what

D． that；what 11． “Is Mary from New York City?” “I don't know _______．”

A． from what city does she come from

B． from what city she come

C． what city does she come from

D． what city she comes from 12． Henry killed the dog． I'll ask him why ________．

A． did he do that

B． he did that

C． he did

D． he has done so 13． Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know ________．

A． how he is getting along

B． how is he getting along

C． what he is getting along

D． what is he getting along 14． I am sure ________ he said is true．

A． that

B． about that

C． of that

D． that what 15． You can’t imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents．

A． how they were excited

B． how excited they were

C． how excited were they

D． they were how excited 16． Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless．

A． for

B． because

C． since

D． that 17． We gave him ________ help we could．

A． which

B． what

C． that

D． this 18． Excuse me would you please tell me ________?

A． when the sports meet is taken place

B． when is the sports meet going to be held

C． when is the sports meet to begin

D． when the sports meet is to take place 19． This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts．

A． how you have observed

B． how what you have observed

C． that you have observed

D． how that you have observed 20． Where do you think ________?

A． has he gone

B． has he been

C． he's gone

D． was he

参考答案：

1． A 由句子结构得知，空白处应选能在表语从句中作状语的连接副词，A． B． D．三个答案均能

满足这一要求，但根据句意应选A，why为连接副词，在表语从句中作原因状语。

2． A 宾语从句作ask的直接宾语，应用陈述句语序。

3． A 空白处在宾语从句中做主语，因而可首先排除C、D两项。whoever ＝ anyone who与题意不符，故答案为A。

4． C 宾语从句应用陈述句语序。“你能告诉我那位绅士是谁吗?”

5． A 问路应该说How can I get to…，宾语从句应用陈述句语序，故选A。

6． B 空白处为want 的宾语，应选用连接代词，而whichever常用作定语，whatever ＝ anything that，故答案为B。

7． C

8． B

9． D

10． A what he said在复合句中做主语，that是强调句用法。

11． D

12． B

13． A

14． D 在作表语的形容词后的宾语从句中的that不可省略。

15． B 这是一个由how引导的宾语从句，在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序，故答案为B。

16． D 表语从句中的that不可省略。

17． B

18． D

19． B

20． C