第一篇：英语八年级下册第三单元知识点总结
Unit 3.Could you please clean your room?
一、短语动词
1、take out 带出去；取出；拔出；除掉 动副词组
代词作宾语时必须放在两词之间。
2、come over 固定短语
过来，顺便来访，拜访。后面加介词to，后接表示地点的名词作宾语。拓展：take out of 把---从---取出/带出
3、hang →hung→hung
hang out 闲逛；溜达。
4、throw down扔下；随手丢下
其中throw可用作及物或不及物动词，意为扔，掷→threw→thrown 拓展：throw at向----扔去（带有攻击性）throw to 扔给---（不含恶意）throw away扔掉 SectionB
1、take care of 照顾；照料。相当于 look after后可接名词、(反身）代词作宾语。Take good care of相当于look after well
2、二、动词用法
1、finish 及物动词 完成后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式作宾语。拓展：与finish一样用法的动词或动词短语有：enjoy/look forward to/mind/have fun/practice/be busy/consider/feel like/give up
2、pass用作及物动词
给；递； pass sb sth =pass sth to sb把某物递给某人。
走过、通过（考试等）
作不及物动词，（时间）过去，流逝
3、borrow sth from sb向某人借某物。
非延续性动词
Lend(lent;lent)sb sth=lend sth to sb借给某人某物。非延续性动词
Keep 由“保存”引申为“借”，延续性动词，可与时间段连用。四川-----Excuse me,can I_____your pen?-----sorry,I have_____it to Bob.A.borrow;lend B.borrow;borrowed C.lend;borrowed D.lend;lent
4、hate及物动词
厌恶；讨厌，表示一种感情或心理状态，不能用于进行时态。
Hate sb/sth不喜欢某人或某物
Hate to do/doing sth 厌恶做某事（某一次或经常性的）相当于like的用法。
SectionB
1、invite及物动词
邀请
名词invitation 邀请；请帖。
Invite sb to +地点名词。邀请某人到某地。
Invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事。
2、make sb do sth 让某人做某事。
3、动词辨析：
单词
主语
常用结构
含义 Spend(spent)
人
sb spend time/money on sth
Sb spend time/money doing sth Pay(paid)
人
sb pay money for sth Cost(cost)
物
sth cost sb some money Take(took)
it作形式主语 it takes sb some time to do sth 四川：-----I_________a lot of time palying computer games everyday.----oh,boy.it’s bad for your eyes.A.spend B.takes C.pay
4、provide sth for sb =provide sb with sth给某人提供某物
Offer sb sth =offer sth to sb主动给某人提供某物
Offer to do sth 主动提出做某事。
5、depend on依靠；依赖 independent独立的 independence独立性
6、develop作及物动词或不及物动词
发展；壮大。Development发展。
Developed/developing 前者是发达的后者是发展中的。
7、Have no idea 相当于don't know
不知道、drop（dropped）→dropping
（1）drop意为“丢失或落下”时，既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。如：
She was scared and dropped the cup.她吓坏了，丢落了茶杯。
The glass dropped from her hand.玻璃从她的手中掉了下来。
（2）drop作动词还有“（价格）下降；放弃”的意思，如：
The price of the rice has dropped.大米的价格已经降下来了。
Don't drop math.别放弃数学。
（3）drop也可作名词，表示“滴”，如：
A drop of rain fell on my face.一滴雨落在我的脸上。
（4）drop还可指“下跌；落下的距离”，如：
There was a sudden drop in the temperature yesterday.昨天气温大幅下降。
拓展：drop behind 落后 drop in/by偶然拜访
eye drops 眼药水 a drop in the ocean沧海一粟
Drop out of school辍学
三、名词
1、rubbish 不可数名词
垃圾，废弃物
2、mess名词
杂乱；不整洁。常用短语：in a mess 乱七八糟
3、chores
家务
可数名词
Housework（homework）家务
不可数名词 SectionB
1、stress不可数名词，精神压力；心理负担。
Under the stress of 在---压力之下。
2、waste 名词
浪费
a waste of time 浪费时间
不可数名词
废物；垃圾；浪费
作形容词
无用的；废弃的；丢弃的。
作及物动词
浪费
四、形容词
五、副词
SectionB
1、anyway 副词
而且；加之。
The coat is too expensive and anyway I don’t like the color.还可意为“不管怎样，无论如何，即使这样。
Anyway ,it’s worth trying.The water was cold but he took a shower anyway.六、介词短语
1、in front of在---面前；是指在一定范围外。
in the front of 在----前部，是指在一定范围内。广东中考----why are you standing,Alice?-----I can’t see the blackboard clearly.two tall boys are sitting_________me.A.behind B.next to C.between D.in front of
2、in surprise 惊讶地；惊奇地，常用作状语。
拓展：to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是，常放在句首，作状语。
sectionB
1、in order to目的是；为了 后接动词原形，引导目的状语。位置可放在句首，也可放在句中。否定为：in order not to do.In order that 后面接从句，表示目的，从句中常含有情态动词。广东：in order _______for the meeting,my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.A.not to be late B.not being late C.to be late D.being late
3、as a result 结果；因此
拓展：as a result of 由于----；作为------的结果。
七、连词
1、the minute意为“一----就----”引导时间状语从句，其后省略了引导词that相当于the moment或as soon as（通常情况下主从句时态要一致。但若主句用一般将来时，从句则要用一般现在时表将来。）哈尔滨：boys and girls,calm down and focus on the test paper____you begin to think about the answers.Be confident.you can do it.A.as if B.as soon as C.although
2、when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点，也可指一段时间； while是during the time that，只指一段时间，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。
②when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。
③由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导，如： a.When the teacher came in, we were talking.当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为：
While we were talking, the teacher came in.b.They were singing while we were dancing.SectionB
1、since 由于；因为；既然，引导原因状语从句，通常放在句首。
还可引导时间状语从句，自---以来。一般用在完成时当中。
八、特殊句型
1、as---as---与---一样，用于同级比较。第一个as为副词，后跟形容词或副词的原级；第二个为连词，引导比较状语从句。
否定形式：not as/so---as---,不如----
2、neither+连系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语
----也不。
这是一个倒装句，表示上句否定的情况也同样适合后者。
So+连系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语
----也是。
这是一个倒装句，表示上句肯定的情况也同样适合后者。
拓展：neither+主语+连系动词be/助动词/情态动词
----的确不是这样。（表示说话者同意上文中说话者的否定观点。）
So+主语+连系动词be/助动词/情态动词
-----的确是这样。
表示说话者同意上述说话者说出的观点。
福建----last night I didn't watch the TV show。A Bite of China 2
-----_______did I.I was preparing for today’s test then.A.So B.Either C.Neither SectionB
1、do one’s part in(doing)sth 尽某人的职责做某事。
2、The+比较级，the+比较级
表示越----，就越-----
比较级+比较级
表示越来越------贵州：__________children there are in a family,________their life will be.A.the less;the better B.The fewer;the better C.Fewer;richer D.More;poorer
九、语法专项 1.can 的用法：
（1）.表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may 和must 均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I can’t.她能游得很快，但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。
（2）.表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典。
（3）.表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t 译为“ 不可能”。—Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗？—No, it can’t be our teacher.He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。2.could的用法：
（1）.can的过去式，意为“ 能、会”，表示过去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10.他十岁时就会写诗。
（2）.could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时 could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗？—Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗? —Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）
—________ you pass me a pen? I’d like to write down the phone number.—Sure.Here it is.A.Can B.Need C.Might D.Must The man in the office___be Mr.Black, because he went home just now.A.mustn’t B.may not C.can’t D.needn’t —___ I take the newspaper away? —No, you mustn't.You____read it only here.A.Must;can B.May;can C.Need;must D.Must;must
第二篇：新版八年级英语下册第三单元知识点归纳
新版八年级英语下册第三单元知识点归纳
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
一、Peter ,could you please take out the rubbish? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？----sure,mom.Could you please do sth ?请你（做）......好吗？ 用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。
Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I can’t
2、take out 取出（v+ adv）
【注】: 跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边 take 有关的短语: take out 带出去,取出
Please take out a piece of paper.请拿出一张纸。
Please take it out.请把它拿出来。take...out “把„„带出去”
My father is taking me out to go for a drive.我爸爸要带我出去开车。(1)take off 脱下；（飞机）起飞
----Please take off your coat（外套）, It’s warm here.---The plane took off at 9:00 am.【短语】take out the trash/rubbish 倒垃圾 take away 拿走，取走
take back 收回 take place 发生 take off 脱下； 起飞
（2）take „to „把...带到...(3)take sb.for a walk 带某人去散步 take a walk 散步（4）take exercise 运动，锻炼（5）take one’s time 不用急，慢慢来（6）take a bus(ship/train)乘坐公共汽车（7）take turns 轮流，替换（8）It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间 3.Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盘子吗？
do the dishes 洗碗
【结构1】do the +名词： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服
【结构2】do the +动词-ing do the cleaning 打扫卫生
【结构3】do one’s + 名词 do one’s housework/ homework 做家务/家庭作业
【结构4】do some +动词-ing do some reading/ shopping 读写书/购物 4.could you please help out with a few things? help out动词短语，表示在某人繁忙或 遇到困难时“给予帮助”。
help和out之间还可以加入具体的“人”。
e.g.He helped me out with my task.他帮我完成了任务。
They helped(us)out with the clean-up.他们帮助我们做大扫除。
5.Because Mom will back from shopping any minute now.因为妈妈马上回来购物。
6.any minute now 一种常见的口语表达法，相当于“随时；马上；在任何时刻”的意思，e.g.Don’t worry, he will come here any minute now.别担心, 他会马上来这儿。7.Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？ 1】Could I do sth? 我可以做......吗？
用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。Could I go out with my classmate this weekend? 2】at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反)at most 至多 3】finish v 结束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事
eg— Can you finish reading these books before 10 o'clock? — Yes, I can.5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you!我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。1】two hours of TV 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
How time is flies!Three yearsisreally a short time.时光飞逝！三年真的是短暂的时光。【解析1】enough 足够的，充分的（在句中作定语或表语）
I don’t have enough money with me.我没有足够的钱。【解析2】足够；充分（放在形容词；副词后）
The river is deep enough for swimming.这条河够深，可以游泳。
【记】 Mr.Smith has enough money ,but he isn’t kind enough to help others.史米斯先生有足够的钱，但他不够好心帮助别人
【注意】enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。
6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes? 你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？ 【解析】take out 拿出；取出 take 的用法：
Please take some books to the classroom.请带一些书到教室去。
Take this medicine three times a day.这药一天服三次。They usually take the bus to work.他们通常乘公共汽车去上班。
It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.我每天花两个小时做作业。短语 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顾 take off 脱下；起飞 take up 占据
take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急；慢慢来 take one’s temperature 量体温 7.The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。
【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一......就......”
Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析2】 in front of指在物体外部的前面
There is a bike in front of the classroom.教室前面有一辆自行车。指在物体内部的前面
Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom 我们的老师正站在教室的前面 【记】 The driver sat _in the front of_ the car.The policeman stood ___in front of_ the car.【注意】有the无the区别大：
at table 吃饭；进餐 in hospital 住院
at the tabel 在桌边 in the hospital 在医院（不一定看病）【解析3】come over 过来
【拓展】 come 短语：
come across（偶然）发现 come back 回来 come up with想出 come true实现 come down下来 come from=be from来自,出生于 come in/into进入,进来 come on赶快,加油 come along走吧,过来,快点 come and go来来去去 come up上来 come out出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来 7.You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！
all the time = always 一直；总是
8.I’m just as tired as you are!我和你一样累！【解析】as...as...和......一样......9.For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。
【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词 +主语 “某人（主语）也不” ⑴ neither两者都不
neither …nor… 既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定 Neither Tom nor Jim is a student ⑵ 表达“…也不……” 则用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”
—The first one wasn’t bad.— Neither was the second.第一个并不坏。-第二个也不是。10.The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。【解析】find +宾语+宾语补足语 【注】find → found →found v寻找
(1)find sb.doing sth 发现某人做某事
(2)find it + adj.+ to do sth 发现做某事很……
◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难 She found _it__ hard to finish the work by herself.她发现自己很难完成这项工作。
11.She asked in surprise.她吃惊地问道。【解析】in surprise 惊奇地；吃惊地
surprise v 使吃惊→surprising adj.令人吃惊的 →surprised adj.吃惊的
to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地 be surprised at 对……感到吃惊 To my surprise_(使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam.12.“ I’m so sorry, Mom.I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied.“对不起，妈妈。我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。” 我回答说。
【解析1】need v 需要 用于肯定句，是实义动词。
(1)人做主语，sb.need to do sth 某人需要做某事(2)物做主语，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done ①Students need ___to have_(have)a good rest in studying.②The watch needs__mending___(mend).手表需要修。用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词(1)needn’t = don’t have to 没有必要
(2)need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用needn’t
— Must I go there now? — Yes，you must/No, you needn’t
【解析2】share 分享；共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb.与某人分享某物(All his friends __Shared___ his happiness when he won the match.13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？
【解析】hang out 闲逛 hang up 把......悬挂/挂起 14.Could you please pass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗？
【解析】pass ⑴v 给；递；走过；通过 pass sb.sth 把某物递给某 Pass on 传递 Please pass the paper on to the other students.⑵ v 通过；路过 I pass your home.⑶ v 通过（考试）；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.15.Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本书看吗、Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些钱吗？ 【解析】borrow /lend/keep(1)borrow 借入 ,与from 连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】
borrow sth from sb.从某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,与to 搭配 【指借出去】
lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人He doesn’t want to lend his book to others.(3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】 【记】 I want to _borrow__ a bike from my friend but he didn’t _lend___ it to me, because Tom had _kept____ it for two days.16.I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。
【解析】try(not)to do sth努力（不）做某事。try v 试图，设法，努力 【拓展】(1)try on 试穿
(2)try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】
(3)try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】
(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 17.I hate to do chores.我讨厌做家务。
hate to do sth 讨厌做某事, 表示某次具体行为或动作。I hate to trouble him.我讨厌麻烦他 hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。She hates smoking in her room.她讨厌在房间里抽烟。
18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? 那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗？
【解析】ask sb.to do sth 要求某人做某事。
ask for 请求，要某物
ask sb.about sth 向某人询问关于某事(1)ask sb.for help 向某人请求帮助(2)ask sb.(not)to do sth请求某人做某事 ask构成的短语： 短语 含义
ask sb.to do sth 请某人做某事 ask sb.not to do sth 不让某人做某事 ask sb for sth 向某人要某物 ask for help 寻求帮助
19.I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.当你帮我洗盘子的时候，我将完成我的家庭作业。
【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事
— Can you finish _reading__ these books before 10 o’clock? 你能在十点前读完这些书吗？ — Yes, I can.【解析2】while conj.“在……期间； 当……的时候” While 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词。
_While __ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.当孩子们玩得开心时，父母可以在海滩上上舞蹈课。【解析3】help sb.with sth.在某事上帮助某人。【注】help v 帮助 → helpful adj.有帮助的
(1)help sb.do sth.=help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事(2)with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的帮助之下(3)without the help of 没有在…的帮助之下 ①I think reading is very __helpful____(help).② __Without____ your help, we couldn’t catch the thief.抓住小偷。20.Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？ 【解析】invite sb.to Sp.邀请某人去某地 【解析】invite v → invitation n邀请(1)invite sb.to do sth 邀请某人做某事(2)invite sb.to +地点 邀请某人去某地
21.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.我不理解为什么有些父母在家让孩子们帮忙做家务和杂务。【解析】make sb.do sth 让某人做某事 make → made →made v.做，制作，使得
(1)make sb/sth + 形容词 “让某人或某物…” make you happy(2)make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh.Colors can change our moods and make us _feel__ happy or sad, energetic or sleep.颜色可以改变我们的心情，使我们感到高兴或悲伤，精力充沛或睡眠。22.They don’t have time to study and do housework，too.他们也没有时间来学习家务和做家务。【解析】have time to do sth.有时间做某事 have time =be free 有空
23.Housework is a waste of their time.做家务是在浪费他们的时间。
【解析】a waste of 浪费 a waste of time 浪费时间 a waste of money 浪费金钱 waste v “浪费”
waste time/money on sth waste time / money(in)doing sth 在做某事上花费时间/金钱 Don’t _waste_water.Can’t you see the sign “save water”?不要浪费水。你看不到“节约用水”的牌子吗？ 24.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。【解析1】spend...on sth 在某事上花费......spend/pay/cost/take 花费
(1)spend→spent→spent v 花费,主语是人
◆ sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth ◆sb.+spend +时间/钱+（in）doing sth ◆spend on= pay for 支付
He spends too much time on the computer games.他花太多时间在电脑游戏上。
Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever.记得花些时间和你所爱的人在一起，因为他们不会永远在你身边。My father _spent_ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car.我父亲花了十万元买他的新车
(2)pay →paid →paid v 支付，主语是人
◆sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.— How much did you pay for this computer? 你花了多少钱买这台电脑 — Five hundred dollars.(3)cost→ cost→ cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事
◆sth cost sb.+钱 某物花费某人多少钱 A new computer costs me a lot of money.I bought a new sweater last weekend.It ___cost_ me 120 yuan.上周末我买了一件新毛衣。我花了120元
(4)take→took → taken v 花费
◆It takes /took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间 It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.他花了3个小时做作业。
【解析2】in order to “目的是；为了” 后接动词原形。in order to do sth 为了做某事 He ran quickly in order not __to be___ late for the meeting.他跑得很快，为了不迟到。【解析3】get into =enter 进入 【拓展】与get相关的短语：
get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服
get dressed穿衣 get into进入 get/be lost丢失 get off/on下/上车 get on well with sb.与某人相处得好 get out of从…出来 get warm 变暧 get ready for +n.为…做准备 get ready to do sth.准备做某事 get well康复 get a chance 有机会、得到机会
get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相关：(be asleep睡着)25.Also,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there’s no need for them to do it now.而且，当他们长大的时候，他们也将会做家务，因此，他们没必要现在在做。【解析】get older 长大 get/ become/ go辨析：
⑴ get+adj较多地与形容词比较级连用。The days are getting longer and longer.天变得越来越长
⑵ become 强调变化的结果 It's becoming colder and colder.天气变得越来越冷。⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情 go bad变坏，go blind变瞎，go hungry挨饿
26.It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。【解析】provide sth.for sb.为某人提供某物 provide v 提供
provide sb.with sth.(sb 前介词用for)=provide sth for sb.(sth 前需加介词with)供应某人某物
相当于：offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.provide 为应急等做好准备而“提供； 供给” provide sb.with sth.=provide sth for sb.提供某人某物
offer 侧重表示“愿意给予” offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.对某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主动提出干某事
supply 定期“供应” , 强调替代或补充所需物品 Supply sb.with sth=supply sth.to sb.为某人提供某物
①The Internet provides us _with__a lot of _information___we need.因特网给我们提供了许多我们需要的信息。
② —Could you please provide us _with___ some information about the students’ health? — Of course, it’s my pleasure.你能为我们提供一些关于学生的健康信息？当然，这是我的荣幸。
27.And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult.无论如何，我认为做家务并不那么难。
【解析】anyway 无论如何,(一般放在句首，用逗号和句子隔开）
28.I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.我认为对孩子们来说，学习如何做杂务并帮助他们的父母做家务是很重要的。【解析】It is important for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是重要的
29.Children these days depend on their parents too much.现在的孩子太依赖他们的父母。
【解析】depend on 依靠；信赖
—— Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —— Well, it all ___depends on____ the weather.30....Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.每个人都有责任保持家里的干净和整洁。
【解析1】 do one’s part 尽职责；尽本分 Do one’s part in doing sth 在做某事上尽职责 【解析2】keep +sth /sb.+adj.“使......处于某种状态”
Her mother asked her to keep the windows __open__ and the door __closed__.她妈妈叫她把窗户打开，关上了门
keep 系动词 “保持” keep + adj.We must keep healthy.实义动词 “保持；继续”
(1)keep(on)doing sth 继续做某事 He was in great pain but he kept on working He kept on __ talking__ after the ball rang for class.他不停地球响下课后说。(2)keep sb.Doing sth 让某人一直做某事 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.My teacher kept me __doing___ homework all the afternoon.对不起，让您久等了。我的老师让我整个下午做作业。
31.Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves.做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教 他们如何照顾自己。【解析】develop independence 培养独立意识
develop v→development n 发展→developing adj.发展的→developed adj.发达的 a developing country 一个发展中国家a developed country 一个发达国家 China is a __developing___country.32.Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他们和父母同住在一个房子里，他们应该知道保持家里干净、整洁每个人都应该参与。
【解析】since conj.既然(表示对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首）
.—You have been in Neijiang very long? —Yeah.__Since___my parents came here.你在内江已经有很长时间了吗？-是的。因为我的父母来到这里。
33.Our neighbor’s son got into a good college but during his first year, he had n idea how to take care of himself.我们邻居的儿子上一所好大学，但是在第一年的时候，他还不知道如何照顾自己。
take care of 照顾Thanks for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go.I need to ___take care of___ my baby at home.【拓展】与take相关的短语：
take photos/pictures 照像 take away拿走 take out取出(work out算出)take care当心 take a walk散步
take medicine服药 take place发生take one’s temperature量体温
take one’s time别着急
34.As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped.结果，他常常生病，功课也落下了。
【解析1】as a result 结果（插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开）
Don’t ask him too late into the night, __As a result___ , he is only a small child.不要太深夜问他，作为一个结果，他只是一个小孩。【解析2】fall ill 生病 fall asleep 入睡
35.The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来越好。
【解析】the + 比较级，the + 比较级 “越......越......”
The more you smile, the happieryou will feel.你笑得越多，你就会感觉到快乐。
第三篇：新人教版八年级英语下册第三单元知识点
Unit3 Could you please clean your room? 一．情态动词could 的用法
1.提出礼貌的要求 Could you please(not)do sth ?请你（做）......好吗？
用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.肯定回答：Yes,sure./ Yes, I can./Of course,I can./ Certainly./No problem./ With pleasure.否定回答： Sorry , I can’t / I’m afraid I can’t.I have to …,I’m going to…(说明理由)2.表示请求许可 Could I do a sth? 我可以做......吗？
肯定回答：Yes, you can./ Yes ,please / Of course / Certainly./ No problem.否定回答：Sorry , you can’t / I’m afraid you can’t.3.could 为can的过去式，表示过去的能力。= was / were able to
Section A 1.take out the rubbish把垃圾带出去 2.do the dishes = wash the dishes 洗碗碟 3.fold your clothes折衣服 4.sweep the floor扫地 5.make your bed整理床铺
6.clean the living room打扫起居室
7.do some washing/ shopping/ cleaning洗衣服/ 购物/ 做清洁 8.go out for dinner出去吃晚饭 9.go to the movies去看电影
10.stay out late/ until nine呆到很晚/ 呆到9点钟 11.get a ride撘车
12.give sb a ride to town开车送sb到镇上 13.need to do something需要做…… 14.have to do something不得不做…… 15.help out with a few things帮助做些事情
16.at least 至少,多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反)at most 至多，不超过 17.finish doing something完成做……
18.two hours of TV 两个小时的电视
表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，被视作整体，谓动用单数。19.be/ come back from shopping购物回来 20.any minute/ second/ moment now随时 21.be angry with…对……生气 22.solve the problem解决问题
23.throw down扔下，随手丢下。throw at 向…扔去（恶意）throw to …扔给 throw away 扔掉 24.the minute……/ as soon as… / the moment …一…….就……(引导时间状语从句，主将从现)25.come over 过来，顺便来访
26.take the dog for a walk= take a walk with … 遛狗 27.reply angrily生气地回答
28.all the time一直
all day一整天
all evening整晚 29.shout back吼回去
talk back 顶嘴 neither / nor +助动词/be动词/情态动词 +主语
“某人也不”
neither两者都不
neither …nor… 既不…也不…(就近原则)
neither of us我们两个都不 31 in surprise惊讶地
find +宾语+ adj / n./ prep 短语
find sb.doing sth 发现某人做某事
find it + adj.+ to do sth 发现做某事很……◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难 33.share the housework分担家务
share sth with sb.和某人分享某物 34.hang out with sb 和某人一起闲逛
hang up 把......悬挂/挂起 35.pass sb sth= pass sth to sb把某物递给某人
Pass on 传递
36.borrow s from sb 从某人那里借某物 37.lend sth to sb = lend sb sth 把某物借给某人
keep……for +一段时间：借…一段时间 38.hate to do / doing sth讨厌做……
39.try(not)to do sth努力（不）做某事。try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
try on 试穿
try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】
try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】
40.while conj.“在……期间； 当……的时候”
While 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词.(进行时)Section B 1.invite v → invitation n邀请(1)invite sb.to do sth 邀请某人做某事
(2)invite sb.to +地点 邀请某人去某地 2.enough stress from school来自于学校的足够的压力
under the stress of …在…的压力之下 3.a waste of time浪费时间 waste
v “浪费”
waste time/money on sth /(in)doing sth 在。。浪费时间/金钱 4.人：spend…… on sth
人：pay ……for sth
物 ：sth cost sb +金钱
(in)doing sth
It takes sb +时间 to do sth.5.in order(not)to do sth为了做…… 6.get into a good university进入好大学
7.there is no need for sb to do sth 对于某人来说没必要做……
8.provide sth.for sb.= provide sb.with sth.为某人提供某物（为应急等做好准备而“提 供； 供给”）
offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.侧重表示“愿意给予”
offer to do sth 主动提出干某事 Supply sb.with sth=supply sth.to sb.定期 “ 供应 ” , 强调替代或补充所需物品
9.depend on …依靠……依赖，由…而决定
10.develop children’s independence 养成孩子的独立（习惯）→development → developed / developing 11.the idea of fairness公平意识
12.have no idea = don’t know 不知道 13.fall ill生病
14.grades drop成绩下降
15.as a result因此，结果
as a result of …由于……作为……的结果
16.It’s fair/ unfair for sb to do sth 对于某人来说，做……是（不）公平的。17.get something to drink买饮料 18.be careful with… 小心对待…… 19.a few other things另处几件事
20.Do one’s part(in)doing sth.尽自己的职责做某事 21.the earlier...the better…越早……越好…….【模拟试题】
一、英汉互译。
1.play with ___________
2.have a test ___________ 3.do chores ___________
4.take out ___________ 5.make the bed ___________
6.sweep the floor ___________ 7.从……借___________
8.遛狗___________ 9.生气___________
10.照顾___________ 11.邀请某人到……___________
12.忙于/从事___________ 13.洗餐具___________
14.做饭___________
二、根据要求答题。
1.Could you help me clean the living room?（作肯定回答）_____________, ____________________.2.Thanks for taking care of my dog.（变同义句）_________________ for ________________ my dog.3.Remember to clean the bed.（改为同义句）________ ________ to clean the door.4.Can you lend your pen to me?（改为同义句）Can ________ ________ your pen? 5.I like to wash the plates because it’s relaxing.（就划线部分提问）________ ________ you ________ to wash the plates?
三、用could, can, may, must, needn’t填空。
1.A: ________ you answer the question in English?
B: Sorry, I ________.________ I answer it in English?
A: No, you ________.You ________ answer it in Chinese.2.A: ________ I ask a question? B: Yes, you ________.But you ________ wait, a minute.3.A: ________ I use your eraser, Bill? B: Sorry.I don’t have one.Ask Mary.She _________ have one.4.A: ________ you help me do the shopping.B: OK, Sure.5.A: ________ you sweep the floor? B: But I ________ finish my homework first.四、单项填空。
1.—What a dirty room!You shouldn’t throw your waste things everywhere.-Oh, I am sorry, I am going to ________ and put them in the waste box.A.fold my clothes B.take out the trash C.watch TV 2.—Could you please go to the movies with me tonight? —Sorry, my mother is ill in bed, and I have to ______ her.A.take care of B.take a walk with C.take over 3.Don’t _________ the dog.it’s dangerous, it’ll bite you.A.play with B.play C.play for 4.—Jim, come out.Let’s go to play football.—Sorry.I’m _______ a maths problem.A.working out B.working on C.working for 5.—Mum, Could I go shopping with you? —Yes, ________ But you have to finish your homework first.A.you can B.you could C.you can’t 6.My mother often ________ my little sister _________ of the house and plays with her in the garden.A.take…out B.takes…out C.takes … to 7.I _________ doing the dishes because it’s boring.A.hates B.hate C.like 8.I _________ some money from him, but I’ll _______ it to him in a few days.A.borrow, return B.lend, borrow C.borrow, keep 9.________ the young trees is our duty.A.Taking good care of B.Take good care of C.Takes good care of
第四篇：八年级英语下册知识点总结(1-3单元)
八年级英语下册知识点总结(1-3单元)
Unit 1 What’s the matter?
一、基础知识
1.What’ s the matter? 怎么啦?出什么事情了?
【解析】matter/ ' mætə(r))/n.问题;事情
What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了?
【注】： matter 和trouble 为名词，其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是adj.不能加the
【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用。即：
What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.?
— What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold.2.I had a cold.我感冒了。have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒
have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼
3.身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛
4.much too+ 形容词，意为 太......，too much+名词，意为 很多，大量。
5.enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough足够好，enough money=much money
6.lie down躺下，lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay;lie说谎，过去式lied
7.maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth.It sounds like a good idea.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.9.need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物;
need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.10.get off(the bus)下(公交车)get on 上车
11.agree 同意，赞同;
agree with sth.同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.agree to sb.同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei.12.trouble问题，麻烦;be in trouble遇到麻烦，make trouble 制造麻烦，have trouble(in)doing sth.=have difficulties(in)doing sth做......有麻烦。
13.right away=right now=at once，意为 马上。
14.advice [不可数名词]劝告，建议，向…征求意见，give sb.advice on sth.就某事给某人建议;advise [动词] advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事
advise sb.doing sth.【复习】exercise 练习、锻炼
当exercise意为“练习”时，为可数名词 即可加s
当exercise意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词 即不加s
16.hurt 及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，He hurt his leg while exercising.不及物动词，……(部位)疼。His leg hurt badly.clean 【动词】打扫，clean the classroom打扫教室，【形容词】 干净的，cleaner意为 清洁工。
18.hit(用手或器具)打;击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb.on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位;
hit sb.in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。
be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态;His grandpa was used to country life.Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.get/ become used to sth./ doing sth.“变得习惯，逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作：
It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.20.【复习】free [形容词]空闲的free time;免费的the drink is for free;自由的I want to become a free bird.free【动词】使……解脱，得到自由：He could not free his arm.run out用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.物sth.run out.某物用尽了。
人sb.run out of sth.人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.22.risk(sb.)to do sth.冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险
23.the importance of(doing)sth.(做)某事的重要性
We students should know the importance of(learning)English.importance n.重要(性)，important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的 decision 【名词】决定;抉择;make a decision 做决定;
make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth.。
25.be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.be out of control无法控制，无法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中
26.【复习】mind意为 介意，mind doing sth.介意做某事 ，Would you mind my opening the window?
27.give up(doing)sth.放弃(做)某事，give up(playing)computer games;
give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如: Never give up easily.二、重点语法
【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。
数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself herself itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
【用法】
1.可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。
如：Maria bought herself a scarf.We must look after ourselves very well.2.可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。如： She isn’t quite herself today.3.可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。
如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow.I met the writer himself last week.4.用在某些固定短语当中。
look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth.by oneself自学
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快
help oneself to sth 请自用……(随便吃/喝些……).hurt oneself摔伤自己
say to oneself自言自语
leave sb.by oneself把某人单独留下
buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西
introduce oneself 介绍……自己
【提醒】
1.反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我自己能完成作业。
(误)Myself can finish my homework.(正)I myself can finish my homework./ I can finish my homework myself.2.反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的(东西)”时，须要用one’s own.如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。(误)I’m drawing with myself crayons.(正)I’m drawing with my own crayons.Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks
一、基本知识点
1.sick 生病的，有病的;可在句中作表语Mary could not come because she is sick.也可作定语a sick child
【区别ill】ill与sick同义;但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。Mary could not come because she is ill.2.cheer(sb.)up(让某人)变得高兴;振奋起来The good news cheered up everyone in our class.3.give out分发;散发，相当于hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers.give sth.out to sb.意为 把某物分发给某人。
4.volunteer 【名词】志愿者 【动词】义务做，自愿做(某事)volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事，The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.5.used to do sth.过去/曾经(常)做某事，表示过去的习惯、动作或状态，并强调现在已经不再存在或发生。
There used to be a cinema here.这里曾有一个照相机。
They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.他们告诉我关于这里过去的故事。
6.alone 【形容词】独自一人的，无感情色彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself.lonely(感到)孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情色彩，可做表语或定语。The lonely boy is not lonely now.7.care for sb./sth.照顾;照料……
care 【名词】小心，关心take care of=look after →【动词】care about sb./sth.关心，在意某人/事
→【形容词】careful 仔细的 / careless 粗心的 →【副词】carefully 仔细地
8.such “这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词
such+ a/ an+形容词+单数名词：such a good day 多么美好的一天 /such an exciting match 多么 精彩的比赛
such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：such important decisions 多么重要的建议 such delicious food 多么美味的食物
如果名词前被many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so，而不用such：so many sick children/ so little time
9.try out for…参加…选拔，争取成为…Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year.try out试用，试验
10.journey 【名词】(尤指长途)旅行，行程;trip【名词】多指短途旅行;
travel【名词、动词】travel around the world →【名词】traveler旅行者
11.【复习】be busy with sth.忙于(做)什么事情 be busy doing sth.忙于(做)什么事情
12.【复习】try doing sth.试着去做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事 try one’s best(to do sth.)尽某人最大的努力去做某事
13.【复习】be worried about sb./ sth.= worry about sb./ sth.担心某人、某事
14.raise money集资，筹钱;raise money for…为……筹钱
raise【动词】举起;提高;募集
15.keep【动词】keep+名词，保留(某物);keep+形容词，保持
16.【形容词】broken破损的，出毛病的;blind瞎的，失明的;deaf聋的;disabled有残疾的，丧失能力的;在句中做定语和表语。
make it possible(for sb.)to do sth.使(某人)做某事成为可能，You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.make it +形容词(+for sb.)to do sth.使(某人)做某事成为…;
think/find it +形容词to do sth.18.make a difference to…对……有影响;对……有作用，difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修饰，如
The rain made no difference to the game.Hard-working makes much difference to study.19.difficulty【可数/不可数】表示抽象意义的“困难”时为不可数;表示具体的“难题、难事”时为可数;
have difficulty(in)doing sth.= have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困难
20.train【动词】训练，trained为过去分词，可做定语，意为“受过训练的”a trained dog
21.be excited about sth.对某事感到兴奋，Everyone is excited about the good news.【复习】excited意为 兴奋的，修饰人;exciting意为 令人兴奋/激动的，修饰物。
22.order【名词】命令，指示;顺序，次序【动词】订购;点(菜)follow the order。
23.change【动词】变化，改变It’s hard for a person to change his life(style).【名词】变化;零钱
change A for B用A换成B：When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.repair 【动词】修理，修补;fix【动词】安装;使固定 【fix up修理=repair】
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
Peter ,could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗?
Could you please do sth ?请你(做)......好吗? 用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。
Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I can’t2、take out 取出(v+ adv)
【注】: 跟代词做宾语，代词放中间;跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边
His teeth hurt badly.The dentist take them out.【短语】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走
take back 收回 take place 发生 take off 脱下;起飞
3.Can you do the dishes.?那你可以洗盘子吗?
do the dishes 洗碗
【结构1】do the +名词： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服
【结构2】do the +动词-ing do the cleaning 打扫卫生
【结构3】do one’s + 名词 do one’s housework/ homework 做家务/家庭作业
【结构4】do some +动词-ing do some reading/ shopping 读写书/购物
Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少让我看完这个节目可以吗?
1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做......吗?
用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?
2】at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反)at most 至少，不超过
Now all of us exercise at least an hour a day and outside school.3】finish v 结束;完成 finish doing sth 做完某事
— Can you finish __reading__ these books before 10 o'clock? — Yes, I can.5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you!我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。
1】two hours of TV 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
How time is flies!Three years __is_____(be)really a short time.足够的，充分的(在句中作定语或表语)
【解析2】enough I don’t have enough money with me.足够;充分(放在形容词;副词后)The river is deep enough for swimming.【记】 Mr.Smith has enough money ,but he isn’t kind enough to help others.【注意】enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前;修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。
6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes?
你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗?
【解析】take out 拿出;取出
take 的用法：
Please take some books to the classroom.Take this medicine three times a day.take
They usually take the bus to work.It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.【拓展】take 构成的短语：
take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顾 take off 脱下;起飞 take up 占据 take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急;慢慢来 take one’s temperature 量体温
7.The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。
【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一......就......” Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析2】 in front of
指在物体外部的前面
There is a bike in front of the classroom.【辨析】
指在物体内部的前面
Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom
【记】 The driver sat _____in the front of___________ the car.The policeman stood ___in front of________ the car.【注意】有the无the区别大：
at table 吃饭;进餐 in hospital 住院
at the tabel 在桌边 in the hospital 在医院(不一定看病)
【解析3】come over 过来
【拓展】 come 短语：
come across(偶然)发现 come back 回来 come up with想出
come true实现 come down下来 come from=be from来自,出生于
come in/into进入,进来 come on赶快,加油 come along走吧,过来,快点
come and go来来去去 come up上来 come out出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来
7.You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务!
all the time = always 一直;总是
8.I’m just as tired as you are!我和你一样累!【解析】as...as...和......一样......9.For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。
【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词 +主语 “某人(主语)也不”
⑴ neither两者都不
neither …nor… 既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student
⑵ 表达“…也不……” 则用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”
—The first one wasn’t bad.— Neither was the second.10.The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。
【解析】find +宾语+宾语补足语
【注】find → found →found v寻找
(1)find sb.doing sth 发现某人做某事
(2)find it + adj.+ to do sth 发现做某事很……
◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难 She found _it__ hard to finish the work by herself.11.She asked in surprise.她吃惊地问道。
【解析】in surprise 惊奇地;吃惊地
surprise v 使吃惊→surprising adj.令人吃惊的 →surprised adj.吃惊的
to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地 be surprised at 对……感到吃惊
To my surprise_(使我吃惊的是)，he got the first prize in the exam.12.“ I’m do sorry, Mom.I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied.“对不起，妈妈。我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。” 我回答说。
【解析1】need v 需要
用于肯定句，是实义动词。
(1)人做主语，sb.need to do sth 某人需要做某事
(2)物做主语，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done
①Students need ___to have_______(have)a good rest in studying.②The watch needs__mending___(mend).用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词
(1)needn’t = don’t have to 没有必要
(2)need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用needn’t
— Must I go there now? — Yes，you must/No, you needn’t
【解析2】share 分享;共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb.与某人分享某物
(All his friends __Shared___ his happiness when he won the match.13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗?
【解析】hang out 闲逛 hang up 把......悬挂/挂起
14.Could you please pass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗?
【解析】pass ⑴v 给;递;走过;通过 pass sb.sth 把某物递给某 Pass on 传递
Please pass the paper on to the other students.⑵ v 通过;路过 I pass your home.⑶ v 通过(考试);及格 Tom can pass his math exam.15.Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本书看吗、Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些钱吗?
【解析】borrow /lend/keep
(1)borrow 借入 ,与from 连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】
borrow sth from sb.从某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,与to 搭配 【指借出去】
lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人He doesn’t want to lend his book to others.(3)keep 保留，保存(延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用)【指借一段时间】
【记】 I want to __borrow__ a bike from my friend but he didn’t _lend___ it to me，because Tom had _kept____ it for two days.16.I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。
【解析】try(not)to do sth努力(不)做某事。
try v 试图，设法，努力
【拓展】(1)try on 试穿
(2)try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】
(3)try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】
(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
17.I hate to do chores.我讨厌做家务。
hate to do sth 讨厌做某事, 表示某次具体行为或动作。I hate to trouble him.hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。She hates smoking in her room.18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then?
那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗?
【解析】ask sb.to do sth 要求某人做某事。
ask for 请求，要某物
ask sb.about sth 向某人询问关于某事
(1)ask sb.for help 向某人请求帮助
(2)ask sb.(not)to do sth请求某人做某事
ask构成的短语：
短语 含义
ask sb.to do sth 请某人做某事
ask sb.not to do sth 不让某人做某事
ask sb for sth 向某人要某物
ask for help 寻求帮助
19.I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.当你帮我洗盘子的时候，我将完成我的家庭作业。
【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事
— Can you finish _reading__ these books before 10 o’clock? — Yes, I can.【解析2】while conj.“在……期间;当……的时候”
While 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词。
_While __ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.【解析3】help sb.with sth.在某事上帮助某人。
【注】help v 帮助 → helpful adj.有帮助的
(1)help sb.do sth.=help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事
(2)with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的帮助之下
(3)without the help of 没有在…的帮助之下
①I think reading is very __helpful____(help).② __Without____ your help, we couldn’t catch the thief.20.Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗?
【解析】invite sb.to Sp.邀请某人去某地
【解析】invite v → invitation n邀请
(1)invite sb.to do sth 邀请某人做某事
(2)invite sb.to +地点 邀请某人去某地
21.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.我不理解为什么有些父母在家让孩子们帮忙做家务和杂务。
【解析】make sb.do sth 让某人做某事
make → made →made v.做，制作，使得
(1)make sb/sth + 形容词 “让某人或某物…” make you happy
(2)make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh.Colors can change our moods and make us _feel__ happy or sad, energetic or sleep.22.They don’t have time to study and do housework，too.他们也没有时间来学习家务和做家务。
【解析】have time to do sth.有时间做某事
have time =be free 有空
23.Housework is a waste of their time.做家务是在浪费他们的时间。
【解析】a waste of 浪费 a waste of time 浪费时间 a waste of money 浪费金钱
waste v “浪费”
waste time/money on sth waste time / money(in)doing sth 在做某事上花费时间/金钱
Don’t ____waste______water.Can’t you see the sign “save water”?
24.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and
get into a good university.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。
【解析1】spend...on sth 在某事上花费......spend/pay/cost/take 花费
(1)spend→spent→spent v 花费,主语是人
◆ sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth ◆sb.+spend +时间/钱+(in)doing sth
◆spend on= pay for 支付
He spends too much time on the computer games.Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever.My father __spent___ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car.(2)pay →paid →paid v 支付，主语是人
◆sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.— How much did you __pay__ for this computer? — Five hundred dollars.(3)cost→ cost→ cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事
◆sth cost sb.+钱 某物花费某人多少钱
A new computer costs me a lot of money.I bought a new sweater last weekend.It ___cost_ me 120 yuan.(4)take→took → taken v 花费
◆It takes /took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间
It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.【解析2】in order to “目的是;为了” 后接动词原形。in order to do sth 为了做某事
He ran quickly in order not __to be___ late for the meeting.【解析3】get into =enter 进入
【拓展】与get相关的短语：
get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服
get dressed穿衣 get into进入 get/be lost丢失 get off/on下/上车
get on well with sb.与某人相处得好 get out of从…出来 get warm 变暧
get ready for +n.为…做准备 get ready to do sth.准备做某事
get well康复 get a chance 有机会、得到机会
get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相关：(be asleep睡着)
25.Also,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there’s no need for them to do it now.而且，当他们长大的时候，他们也将会做家务，因此，他们没必要现在在做。
【解析】get older 长大
get/ become/ go辨析：
⑴ get+adj较多地与形容词比较级连用。The days are getting longer and longer.⑵ become 强调变化的结果 It's becoming colder and colder.⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情 go bad变坏，go blind变瞎，go hungry挨饿
26.It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。
【解析】provide sth.for sb.为某人提供某物
provide v 提供
provide sb.with sth.(sb 前介词用for)=provide sth for sb.(sth 前需加介词with)供应某人某物
相当于：offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.provide 为应急等做好准备而“提供;供给” provide sb.with sth.=provide sth for sb.提供某人某物
offer 侧重表示“愿意给予” offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.对某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主动提出干某事
supply 定期“供应” , 强调替代或补充所需物品 Supply sb.with sth=supply sth.to sb.为某人提供某物
①The Internet provides us _with__a lot of _information___we need.② —Could you please provide us _with___ some information about the students’ health? — Of course, it’s my pleasure.27.And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult.无论如何，我认为做家务并不那么难。
【解析】anyway 无论如何,(一般放在句首，用逗号和句子隔开)
28.I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.我认为对孩子们来说，学习如何做杂务并帮助他们的父母做家务是很重要的。
【解析】It is important for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是重要的
29.Children these days depend on their parents too much.现在的孩子太依赖他们的父母。
【解析】depend on 依靠;信赖
—— Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —— Well, it all ___depends on____ the weather.30....Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.每个人都有责任保持家里的干净和整洁。
【解析1】 do one’s part 尽职责;尽本分 Do one’s part in doing sth 在做某事上尽职责
【解析2】keep +sth /sb.+adj.“使......处于某种状态”
Her mother asked her to keep the windows __open__ and the door __closed__.keep 系动词 “保持” keep + adj.We must keep healthy.实义动词 “保持;继续”
(1)keep(on)doing sth 继续做某事 He was in great pain but he kept on working
He kept on __ talking__ after the ball rang for class.(2)keep sb.Doing sth 让某人一直做某事 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.My teacher kept me __doing___ homework all the afternoon.31.Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves.做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教 他们如何照顾自己。
【解析】develop independence 培养独立意识
develop v→development n 发展→developing adj.发展的→developed adj.发达的 a developing country 一个发展中国家a developed country 一个发达国家 China is a __developing___country.32.Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他们和父母同住在一个房子里，他们应该知道保持家里干净、整洁每个人都应该参与。
【解析】since conj.既然(表示对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首)
.—You have been in Neijiang very long? —Yeah.__Since___my parents came here.33.Our neighbor’s son got into a good college but during his first year, he had n idea how to take care of himself.我们邻居的儿子上一所好大学，但是在第一年的时候，他还不知道如何照顾自己。
take care of 照顾Thanks for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go.I need to ___take care of___ my baby at home.【拓展】与take相关的短语：
take photos/pictures 照像 take away拿走 take out取出(work out算出)take care当心 take a walk散步
take medicine服药 take place发生take one’s temperature量体温 take one’s time别着急
34.As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped.结果，他常常生病，功课也落下了。
【解析1】as a result 结果(插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开)
Don’t ask him too late into the night, __As a result___ , he is only a small child.【解析2】fall ill 生病 fall asleep 入睡
35.The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来越好。
【解析】the + 比较级，the + 比较级 “越......越......”
The more you smile, the ___ happier____ you will feel.
第五篇：新版仁爱英语 八年级上册第三单元 知识点总结
UNIT 3 our habbies Topic1 Section A
1、What do you do in your free time ?在空闲时间里你做什么？
2、go fishing 去钓鱼
3、enjoy reading stories and listening to music 喜欢读故事书 听音乐
4、What’s your habby?你的爱好是什么？
5、a movie fan 电影迷
6、go to the movie theater 去看电影
7、Why not go out and do some outdoor activities?为什么不出去做户外活动？
8、do some outdoor activities 做户外活动
9、sounds good 听起来很好
10、be interested in 对。。感兴趣
11、play the guitar 弹吉他
12、be fond of 喜欢
13、play soccer 踢足球
14、walk a pet dog 遛狗
15、collect stamps 集邮
16、plant flowers 种花
17、climb mountains 爬山
18、fly kites 放风筝
19、go travelling 去旅行 20、go swimming 去游泳 Section B
21、It must be a great fun 那一定很有趣
22、used to do sth.否定式：didn’t use to do sth 过去常常做某事（但现在不做了）
23、Kangkang is fond of swimming 康康喜欢游泳
24、What hobbies did you use to have ?你过去有什么爱好？
25、What are you looking at ?你在看什么呢？
26、I am going swimming 我要去游泳
27、learn...from 向。。学习
28、telephone cards 电话卡
29、model planes 飞机模型
30、photos of famous stars 明星照片
31、keep pets 养宠物
32、listen to music 听音乐
33、watch TV 看电视
34、play computer games 玩电脑游戏
35、pop music 流行音乐
36、play sports 做运动 Section C
37、more than = over 多于。
38、It’s easy to do sth.做某事很容易
39、got started 开始 40、start with 由。。开始
41、a book with background paper 带有背景图案的书
42、cut out 切割
43、stick...to...粘贴到。。
44、share...with..与。。分享
45、call sb.sth.把。。称之为。。
46、You should decide what you want to collect.你应该决定你要收集什么。
47、need sth.to do sth.需要做某事
48、How do you make a scrapbook?你如何做剪贴本？
49、What did you use to do in spring ?你过去常在春天做什么？ Section D 50、maybe 可能 也许
51、provide sb.with sth.= provide sth.for sb.为某人提供某物
52、take a bath = have a bath 洗澡
53、whether = if 多数情况下可通用。但1）句子中有 or not 时，用whether : I wonder whether it is big enough or not.2)放在不定式前，与不定式组成词组：She hasn’t decided whether to go or not.54、take sb.out 带某人出去
55、be special to sb.对某人来说特殊
56、I used to collect basebakll cards 我过去常收集棒球卡
57、I used to enjoy pop music ,but now I don’t like it 我过去喜欢流行音乐但现在不喜欢了
58、I usedn’t to go shopping ,but now I like it.我过去不常购物，但现在喜欢购物
59、I am fond of acting 我喜欢表演
60、I am interested in playing basketball.我对打篮球感兴趣。61、I prefer playing soccor.我更喜欢踢足球。
62、What hobbies did you usd to have?你过去有什么爱好？ 63、What does it look like? 它长的什么样？
64、What pet do you like ? / What pet don’t you like ?你喜欢/ 不喜欢什么宠物？
Topic 2 What sweet music
1、What are you going to do this Sunday evening ? 本周日晚上你要做什么？
2、I’m going to a concert.我要去参加音乐会。
3、How exciting!多么令人激动呀！
4、Who is going to sing at the concert ? 谁要在演唱会上唱歌？
5、It sounds beautiful.听起来很优美。
6、give/hold a concert 举办音乐会
7、Where is she going to give a concert? 她要在哪举办演唱会？
8、What time is it going to start ?什么时候开始？
9、Why not come with me ?为什么不和我一起去呢？
10、watch movies 看电影
11、What a pity!多么遗憾呀！
12、I can lend you some CDs of her songs.我可以从你这借一些她的歌盘吗？
13、Thanks a lot.You are welcome.多谢。不客气！
14、welcome to our music lessons 欢迎来参见我们的音乐课
15、want to become a musician 想要成为音乐家
16、want to make beautiful music 想要创作优美的音乐
17、want to become happy in life 在生活中想变得开心 section B
1、What sweet music!多么甜美的音乐呀！
2、I usually listen to the music in my free time.在我业余时间里我常听音乐。
3、What kind of music do you like ?你喜欢哪种音乐？
4、It’s hard to say.很难说
5、I used to enjoy pop music ,but now I like folk music我曾经喜欢流行音乐现在喜欢民乐
6、classical music 古典音乐
7、I hate listening to rock music.我讨厌听摇滚音乐
8、country music 乡村音乐
9、this kind of music 这种音乐
10、pop music 流行音乐
11、everyday life 日常生活
12、be popular with sb.受某人欢迎
13、folk music 民族音乐
14、a part of。。的一部分
15、a part of the working people’s songs 劳动人民歌曲的一部分
16、be famous for 以。。著称
17、be famous as 以某种身份而让人们认知，He is famous as a fine player.他以一个优秀的运动员而出名！Section C
1、know about 知道了解
2、thank about 思考
3、at the age of....= when sb.was....在某人几岁时
4、He was able to play the piano by himself.他自己能弹钢琴
5、be born 出生
6、start doing sth.= begin doing sth.开始做某事
7、give sb.lessons = give sb.a lesson 给某人上课
8、on the piano 在钢琴上
9、have a lesson 上课
10、as well as 和...一样好
11、He started to write music by himself.他开始独自谱曲
12、an amazing child 神童
13、a born musician 天生的音乐家
14、ask sb.to do sth.让某人做某事
15、What do you thank of...? 你觉得怎么样？ Section D
1、all kinds of...各种各样的
2、in the world 在世界上
3、make sb.happy 使某人快乐
4、peace of mind 心灵的宁静
5、teach sb.to do sth.教某人做某事
6、It is a great fun for sb.对某人来说是非常快乐的。
7、play on the violin 在小提琴上演奏
8、play the drums 打鼓
9、He thanks drum playing is very exciting.他认为打鼓是令人兴奋的。
10、different kinds of music make me happy 不同种类的音乐令我快乐 Topic 3 Section A
1、What were you doing at this time yesterday ?昨天这个时候你在做什么？
2、This is Maria speaking 我是玛利亚
3、practice the violin 练习小提琴
4、English Conner 英语角
5、no one answer 没有人接电话、回答
6、take a shower / have a shower /take a bath /have a bath 洗澡
7、May I speak to Jane?我可以和简 说话吗
8、wash some cloths 洗衣服
9、so some cleaning 搞卫生
10、from....to 从.....到.....11、on the plane 在飞机上
12、listen to the news 听新闻
13、chat with friends 和朋友聊天
14、visit a museum 参观博物馆
15、practice English 练习英语
16、eat Beijing roast duck 吃北京烤鸭
17、hold the line / hold on / wait a momengt /just a moment 打电话用语 稍等 Section B
1、What were you doing at this time last night ?昨天这个时候你在做什么？
2、I don’t think so 我不这样认为
3、just so so 一般般
4、agree with sb.同意某人的意见
5、agree on sth.= agree about sth.同意某事
6、agree to do sth.同意做某事
7、watch a movie = see a film 看电影
8、wake up 睡醒
9、wake sb.up 叫醒某人 Section C
10、get together 团聚
11、in one’s hand 在手里
12、in a low voice 低声说
13、no one 没人
14、fall down 倒下
15、be afraid to do/ of doing sth.害怕做某事
16、be afraid of sth.害怕某物 某事
17、be afraid that 害怕+ 从句
18、warm sb.up 使某人温暖
19、go out 熄灭
20、take me with you 把我带上吧
21、on the morning of the new year 在新年的早晨
22、at church 做礼拜
23、to soive the problem of blue Mondays 为解决忧郁周一的问题
24、the two-day weekend 双休日周末
25、felt too tired to work 感觉太累不能工作
26、too...to...太而不能。。
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