第一篇：初中英语定语从句走出困境
初中英语：定语从句常见错误解析
一.误用关系词
1.I'll never forget the days when we spent together on the farm.2.This is the factory where he was invited to visit last month.分析：定语从句的先行词是表示时间或地点的名词或代词时，引导定语从句的关系词不一定都是 when 或 where。关系词的选择主要取决于定语从句中的谓语动词。如果从句的谓语动词是及物动词而且其后没有宾语，就用关系代词 that 或 which 作宾语。如果从句的谓语动词是不及物动词或者是后面已经有了宾语的及物动词，就用关系副词。在句 1 和句 2 中，从句谓语动词 spent 和 visit 都是及物动词，而且后面又没有宾语，所以应分别将 when 和 where 改为 that 或 which。
二.宾语重复
1.As we all know it, the earth is round.2.The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see it carried out the next month.分析：如果关系代词在从句中作宾语，则谓语动词后面就不能再有宾语。在句 1 中，关系代词 as 作从句谓语动词 know 的宾语，因此，it 就是多余的，应去掉。在句 2 中，关系代词 that 在从句中作动词 see 的宾语，因此 it 也是多余的，应去掉。
三.缺少先行词或关系词
1.Is this park where his father works?
2.I went to the village they grew up.分析：定语从句前面必须有先行词和关系词。在句 1 中，关系副词 where 前缺少先行词，所以应在 where 前面加上先行词 the one（代表 this park）。在句 2 中，先行词 the village 和定语从句之间缺少关系词，谓语动词 grew up 为不及物动词，所以应在先行词 the village 后面加上关系副词 where。
四.whose 的误用
1.I live in a house whose the window faces south.2.This is the student whose's parents died in the fire.分析： whose 在定语从句中作定语时，应将其放到被修饰的名词前面，该名词前不能再有其他限定词。因此句 1 中应去掉 window 前面的定冠词 the。句 2 中的 whose's 是错误的，因此应去掉“ s ”。
五.忽略标点符号的作用
1.The old man has three sons, all of them are workers.2.Don't carry the pan out of the kitchen, in that case you might have the house on fire.分析：在使用定语从句时，如果主句和从句之间用了逗号，就意味着逗号后面是一个非限制性定语从句。如果关系词出现在介词的后面，则应为关系代词 whom, whose（指人）或 which（指物），不应该为 that 或 them。因此句 1 中的 them 应改为 whom，句 2 中的 that 应改为 which。
六.错认先行词
1.I was the only one in the office that was invited to the party.2.Do you remember one afternoon in America where a terrible earthquake took place?
分析：一般来说，先行词后面紧跟着关系词，其次再跟定语从句。但有时出于意思上的需要而在先行词和关系词之间插入了其他成分。在这种情况下确定哪一个是先行词，便是正确理解句子的关键。在句 1 中，先行词是 the only one 而不是 the office。因此应将 that 改为 who，以免引起误解。在句 2 中，先行词是 one afternoon 而不是 America，故应将 where 改为 when。
七.不注重固定搭配
1.Such person like him can't be depended on.2.He went to the same university which his brother did.分析：当先行词被 such 或 the same 修饰时，其后的定语从句常由 as 引导，因此，such … as 和 the same … as 是固定搭配。所以，应将句中 1 中的 like 改为 as ；将句 2 中的 which 改为 as。
八.主谓不一致
1.I, who is your brother, have the right to prevent you from doing that.2.She is one of the students who has passed the exam this time.分析：定语从句中的谓语动词和先行词在人称和数上保持一致。句 1 中的先行词是 I，因此定语从句中的谓语动词 is 应改为 am。但当先行词是 one of 后面的 the students 时，定语从句的谓语动词常为复数形式；如果 one 前面有 the only，the very，the last 修饰，则说明先行词是 one，定语从句谓语动词常为单数形式。因此，句 2 中的 has 应改为 have 或在 one 前面加修饰语 the only 或 the very。
九.与其它从句混淆
1.This is the house in which he lives.2.This is the house where he lives.3.This is where he lives.4.This is in which he lives.分析：这四个句子中，前三个句子是对的。第四个句子是错的，因为 in which 不能在此句中引导表语从句。由于 in which 前面缺少先行词，因此也不能认为 in which he lives 是定语从句。
十.误用 as 和 which
1.Bamboo is hollow, as makes it very light.2.Which we all know, the earth is round.分析： as 和 which 用来引导定语从句时，它们之间的区别在于：引导定语从句的 as 可以放到主句前面也可以放到主句后面，而引导定语从句的 which 只能放到主句后面。as 引导的定语从句表示“正像……那样，正如……”。例如： as is often the case（这是常有的事），as we all can see（我们可以看得见），as is known to all（大家都知道），as has been pointed out（正如所指出的那样），as is announced（正如所宣布的那样）。因此句 1 中的 as 应改为 which，which 在意思上指前面整个主句的内容，如果用 as，无论从意思上看还是搭配上看都不对；句 2 中的 which 应改为 as
第二篇：初中英语定语从句(学生)
初中英语定语从句练习题
1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A.Which B.where C.what D.in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A.whom I spoke
B.to who spoke
C.I spoke to
D.that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month.A.which they stayed B.at that they stayed C.where they stayed at D.where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A.which B.that C.when D.on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A.which B.on which C.in which D.when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A.where B.to which C.which D.in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A.where B.that C.which D.there 8.This is one of the best films _______.A.that have been shown this year B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year D.that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.about which you talked B.which you talked C.about that you talked D.that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A.whom B.who C.which D.that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D.with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A.who B.who's C.which D.whose
29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A.in which B.with which C.that D.for which 30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked B.which I have looked after C.that I have looked after D.I have looked after 31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A.why;that B.that;why C.for that;that D.for which;what 32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which 34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which 36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _____ was very kind of them.A.who B.which C.that D.it 37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A.that B.which C.from that D.from which 38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A.that B.which C.who D.as 39.You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A./ B.why C.when D.whose 40.Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A.that B.which C.it D.though 41.---Did you ask the guard _______ happened?---Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A.what;that B.what;what C.which;which D.that;that 42.I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.4-
第三篇：初中英语定语从句练习题
定语从句讲解及练习
一．定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：1)The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2)You must do everything that I do.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有：关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)
关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用：
1、引导定语从句
2、代替先行词
3、在定语从句中担当一个成分
二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语
(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1)Mr.Liu is the person(whom)you talked about.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(3)The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(which 在句子中做主语)
(2)This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.(which 在句子中做宾语)4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5)The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.(在句子中做主语)
(6)Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?(在句子中做宾语)5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
(1)He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2)I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三．关系副词的用法：
1.when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语
It happned in November when the weather was wet and cold.2.where 指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中做地点状语 Let’s look for a place where we can swim.3.why指原因，其先行词常是reason，在句中做原因状语 Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.关系代词只用that,不用which的情况
1.先行词为：all,everything,anything,nothing ,little,much等不定代词时。
He told me everything that he knows.2.先行词被all ,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时
All the books that you offered has been given out.3.先行词有形容词最高级或序数词修饰，或先行词本身就是最高级或序数词时。This is the best novel that I have ever read.4.先行词既指人又指物时。
We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5.先行词被the only,the very 修饰时。He is the only man that can do the work.6.句中已经有who或which ,为了避免重复时，Who is the girl that is drawing a picture?
定 语 从 句 练习
用关系代词填空：that、which、who、whom、whose 1.This is the man ________ wants to see you.2.The student ___________ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3.The man __________ you went to see has come.4.The man ___________I met yesterday lent me some money.5.The woman _______________ you saw is our geography teacher.6.The runner ________________ you are asking about is over there.7.The person ______________ you should write to is Mr.Ball.8.The man ___________was passing by saw what happened.9.Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday.10.These books _____________ you lent me were very useful.11.The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12.A clock is a machine ______ tells people the time.13.This is shirt ___________I bought yesterday.14.A dictionary is a book ________ gives the meaning to the word.15.The book ____________ is on the table is mine.16.The film ____________ they are talking about is very interesting.17.I will never forget the people and the places _____ I have ever visited.18.Is there anyone ____________ family is in Beijing? 19.Show me the boy ______________ mother is a well-known singer.20.The boy______ father is a teacher is good at English.单项选择
（）1.Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.A.who
B.which
C.whom
D.whose（）2.What’s the name of the program________.A.which are listening
B.you are listening to
C.to that you are listening
D.that you are listening（）3.The students were all interested ____ you told them yesterday.A.in which
B.in that this
C.all that
A.whom
B.whose
A.where
D.in everything
D.which D.in that D.who（）4.He was the only person in his office______ was invited.C.that
（）5.This is the museum______ we visited last year.B.in which
C.which
C.which
（）6.Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.A.that
B.what
（）7.Do you know the student_____?
A.whom I often talk
C.I often talk with
B.with who I often talk D.that I often talk
C.it's
D.its（）8.I like the house_____ windows face south.A.whose
B.who’s
A.what I need
B.I need
A.who
（）9.Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _____?
C.which I need it
D.that I need it
C.whom
D.that（）10.The young woman_____ I spoke just now is a young doctor.B.to whom
（）11． Did you find the notebook ______ Jim had given me for my birthday?
A.who
B.whom
C.which
D.whose（）12.That's all ______ I have seen and heard.A.which
B.that
C.where
D.what（）13.Have you seen the man _____ plan we were talking about______ yesterday ?
A.who, them B.its, them
C.whose,/
D.whose, them（）14.The Oscar is one of the film prizes ____ offered to any Chinese actor or actress so far.A.which are not
B.that have not been C.that has not
D.that has not been（）15.He never reads anything ______ is not worth reading.A.that
B.as
C.who
D.which（）16.The man ________ coat is black is waiting at the gate.A.who's
B.whose
C.that
D.of which（）17._________ cleans the classroom can go home first.A.Anyone
B.those who
C.However
D.The one who（）18.The police caught the man _______ stole my handbag.A.he
B.that
C.whom
D.which（）19.The girl ________ is reading under the tree ________ my sister.A.which, is
B.whom, was
C.who , is
D.who, was（）20.George Mallory was an English teacher _______ loved climbing.A.who
B.whom
C.he
D.which
第四篇：初中英语定语从句练习题
初中英语定语从句练习题
（一）一、选择填空
1.Don’t talk about such things of _______ you are not sure.A.which
B.What
C.as
D.those 2.Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A.that
B.Where C.in which
D.the one 3.Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A.that
B.where
C.which
D.the one 4.Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago? A.that
B.where
C.which
D.the one 5.The wolves hid themselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found.A.that
B.Where
C.in which
D.in that 6.The freezing point is the temperature __________ water changes into ice.A.at which
B.on that C.in which
D.of what 7.This book will show you __________ can be used in other contexts..A.how you have observed
B.what you have observed C.that you have observed
D.how that you have observed 8.The reason is __________ he is unable to operate the machine.A.because
B.why
C.that
D.whether 9.I’ll tell you __________ he told me last week.A.all which
B.That C.all that
D.which 10.That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is very old.A.whose
B.of which
C.in which
D.on which 11.I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.A.as
B.That
C.which
D.what 12.He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.A.which
B.it
C.that
D.what 13.We’re talking about the piano and the pianist _______ were in the concert we attended last night.A.Which
B.whom
C.who
D.that 14.The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A.who is singing
B.is singing
C.sang
D.was singing 15.Those ___ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A.learn
B.Who
C.that learns
D.who learn 16.Anyone ________ this opinion may speak out.A.that against
B.that against
C.who is against
D.who are against 17.Didn’t you see the man ________?
A.I nodded just now
B.whom I nodded just now C.I nodded to him just now
D.I nodded to just now 18.Can you lend me the novel ______ the other day? A.that you talked
B.you talked about it C.which you talked with
D.you talked about 19.Is there anything _______ to you? A.that is belonged
B.that belongs C.that belong
D.which belongs 20.----“How do you like the book?”
----“It’s quite different from _______ I read last month.” A.that
B.which
C.the one
D.the one what 21.Mr.Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except _____ who had lready taken them.A.the ones
B.ones
C.Some
D.the others 22.The train _______ she was travelling was late.A.which
B.Where C.on which
D.in that 23.He has lost the key to the drawer _______ the papers are kept.A.where
B.in which
C.under which
D.which 24.Antarctic _______ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A.Which
B.Where
C.That
D.about which 25.It’s the third time _______ late this month.A.that you arrived
B.when you arrived C.that you’ve arrived
D.when you’ve arrived
26.It was in 1969 _______the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.A.that
B.which
C.when
D.in which 27.May the fourth is the day ______ we Chinese people will never forget.A.which
B.When
C.on which
D.about which 28.We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _______ live my grandparents and some relatives.A.Which
B.That
C.Who
D.where 29.The hotel _______ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A.we stayed at
B.where we stayed at C.we stayed
D.in that we stayed 30.Is it in that factory _______ “Red Flag” cars are produced? A.in which
B.Where
C.Which
D.that 31.It is the Suez Canal _______ separates Asia ______ Africa.A.which, to
B.where, from
C.that, from
D.that, with 32.Under the bridge, however, almost directly below, _______ was a small canoe, with a boy in it.A.There
B.Where
C.it
D.which 33.He is not ______ a fool _______.A.such, as he is looked
B.such, as he looks C.as, as he is looked
D.so, as he looks 34.Is that the reason _______ you are in favour of the proposal? A.Which
B.what
C.Why
D.for that 35.He must be from Africa, _______ can be seen from his skin.A.that
B.as
C.Who
D.what 36.He has two sons, _______ work as chemists.A.two of whom
B.both of whom
C.both of which
D.all of whom 37.I, _______ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A.who is
B.who am
C.that is
D.what is 38.He is a man of great experience, _______ much can be learned.A.who
B.that
C.from which
D.from whom 39.----Do you know the town at all?---No, this is the first time I ________ here.A.was
B.have been
C.Came
D.am coming 40.I don’t like _______ you speak to her.A.the way
B.the way in that C.the way which
D.the way of which 41.The two things _______ they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.A.about which
B.of which
C.in which
D.for which 42.The dinner was the most expensive meal we ______.A.would have
B.have had
C.had never had
D.had ever had 43.Do you know which hotel _______? A.she is staying
B.she is staying in C.is she staying
D.is she staying in 44.There is only one thing _______ I can do.A.what
B.that
C.all
D.which 45.Who can think of a situation ________ this idiom can be used? A.Which
B.that
C.Where
D.in that 46.I have many books, some of _______ are on chemistry.A.them
B.that
C.Which
D.those 47.They were interested _______ you told them.A.in which
B.in that
C.all that
D.in everything 48.The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, ________ much help for knowing space.A.which we think it is
B.which we think are of C.of which we think is
D.I think which is of 49.The great day we looked forward to _______ at last.A.come
B.came
C.coming
D.comes 50.I like the second football match _______ was held last week.A.which
B.who
C.that
D./ 初中英语定语从句练习题
（二）1.A football fan(球迷)is _____ has a strong interest in football.A.a thing that
B.something that
C.a person who
D.what 2.The house, _____ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.A.the roof of which
B.which roof
C.its roof
D.the roof 3.Can you lend me the novel _____ the other day? A.that you talked
B.you talked about it C.which you talked with
D.you talked about 4.The matter _____ you were arguing about last night has been settled.A.That
B.What
C.why
D.for which 5.They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the school.A.which
B.that
C.who
D.whom 6.Who _____ has common sense（常识）will do such a thing? A.which
B.who
C.whom
D.that 7.All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.A.that
B.those
C.Which
D.what 8.They asked him to tell them everything _____ he saw at the front.A.what
B.that
C.which
D.where 9.I’ll tell you _____ he told me last night.A.all which
B.all what
C.that all
D.all 10.A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan.A.who
B.who’s
C.whose
D.which 11.Is this the museum _____ you visited the other day? A.that
B.Where
C.in which
D.the one 12.Is this museum _____ some German friends visited last Wednesday? A.that
B.Where
C.in which
D.the one 13.-How do you like the book?-It’s quite different from _____ I read last month.A.that
B.which
C.the one
D.the one what 14.Which sentence is wrong? A.The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.B.Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform? C.Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land.D.People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth.15.The train _____ she was traveling was late.A.Which
B.where
C.on which
D.in that 16.He has lost the key to the drawer _____ the papers are kept.A.Where
B.on which
C.under which
D.which 17.Antarctic _____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A.which
B.where
C.that
D.about which 18.It’s the third time _____ late this month.A.that you arrived
B.when you arrived C.that you’ve arrived
D.when you’ve arrived
19.He often helps the students _____ he thinks are not quick at their studies.A.Whom
B.Who
C.when
D.because 20.The Second World War _____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.A.When
B.during that
C.in which
D.which 21.He was born in the year _____ the Anti-Japanese War broke out.A.Which
B.When
C.on which
D.during which 22.Mr.Crossett will never forget the day _____ he spent with his various students.A.when
B.which
C.during which
D.on which 23.This is just the place _____ I am longing to visit these years.A.that
B.where
C.in which
D.to where
24.We are going to spend the Spring festival in Guangzhou, _____ live my grandparents and some relatives.A.Which
B.that
C.Who
D.where 25.The hotel _____ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A.we stayed at
B.where we stayed at
C.we stayed
D.in that we stayed 26.I have bought the same dress _____ she is wearing.A.as
B.that
C.which
D.than 27.He is not _____ a fool _____.A.such/as he is looked
B.such/as he looks C.as/as he is looked
D.so/as he looks 28.Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal? A.which
B.what
C.Why
D.for that 29.Some of the roads were flooded, _____ made our journey more difficult.A.which
B.it
C.what
D.that 30.He must be from Africa, _____ can be seen from his skin.A.That
B.as
C.who
D.what 31.He has two sons, _____ work as chemists.A.two of whom
B.both of whom
C.both of which
D.all of whom 32.The buses, _____ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A.most of that
B.which most
C.most of which
D.that most 33.My glasses, _____ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.A.which
B.with which
C.without which
D.that 34.Mr.Wu, _____ everybody likes, is going to give us a talk on chemistry.A.whom
B.That
C.which
D./ 35.This is Mr.Smith, _____ I think has something interesting to tell us.A.Who
B.Whom
C.that
D./ 36._____, the compass was first made in China.A.It is know to all
B.It is known that
C.We all know
D.As is known to all 37.I, _____ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A.who is
B.who am
C.that is
D.what is 38.He is a man of great experience, _____ much can be learned.A.who
B.that
C.from which
D.from whom 39.It was such a serious mistake, _____ caused by carelessness.A.which I think was
B.which I think it was C.I think which was
D.I think which it was 40.He lived in London for 3 months, during _____ he picked up some English.A.This
B.Which
C.that
D.when 41.The general at last got a chance to visit the village _____ he used to fight, _____ he had been dreaming of for years.A.that/which
B.where/that
C.in which/what
D.where/which 42.I will hire the man _____ they say is a good English speaker.A.Who B.That
C.which
D.whom 43.He has to work on Sundays, _____ he does not like.A.and which
B.which
C.and when
D.when 44.I gave him a warning, _____ he turned a deaf ear.A.of which
B.for which
C.to that
D.to which 45.My father has made me _____ I am.A.who
B.which
C.what
D.that 46.She is one of the few girls who _____ passed the examination.A.Was
B.were
C.has
D.have 47.He is my son, _____ a better son does not exist.A.but
B.than who
C.against whom
D.than whom 48.As many members _____ were present agreed to the plan.A.Who
B.that
C.which
D.as 49.You may call on me from one to five o’clock, during _____ I am always at home.A.the time
B.what time
C.that time
D.which time 50.China is the birthplace of kites, _____ kiteflying（放风筝）spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.A.from there
B.Where
C.from where
D.there Keys [参考答案]
一、1—5 AADBA 6—10 ABCCA
11—15 AADAD
16—20 CDDBC 21—25 ACBDC
26—30 AADAD 31—35 CABCB
36—40 BBDBA
41—45 BDBBC
46—50 CDBBC
二、1-5 CADAB
6-10 DABDC
11-15 ADCAC
16-20 ADCBC 21-25 BBADA
26-30 ABCAB
31-35 BCCAA
36-40 DBDAB 41-45 DABDC
46-50 DCDDC
一、定语从句的概念
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法
1.that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）
The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）
2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）
The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）
3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）
Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？ 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）
注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：
This is the person whom you are looking for.这就是你要找的那个人。
（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：
The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。
（4）关系词只能用that的情况：
a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？
c.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：
Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：
a.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如：
What’s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？
b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：
This is the room in which he lives.这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如：
Tom came back，which made us happy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
五、关系副词的用法
（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如： This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：
This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。
（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如： Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.自我测试 / Test Yourself
1.-Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？
-Yes，he’s our headmaster.A.he B.who C.which D.whom
2.Is this the river _____I can swim？
A.which B.in which C.that D.the one
3.This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.A.where B.which C.that D.it
4.Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day？
A.that you bought B.you bought it
C.that you bought it D.which you bought it
5.Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.A.which agrees B.who agree
C.who agrees D.which agree
6.My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.A.that B.it C.which who
7.The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate
A.who’s B.whose C.that of which.8.The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.A.which； is B.whom； was C.who； is D.who； was
9.I love places ______the people are really friendly.A.that B.which C.where D.who
10.The world ______ is made up of matter.A.in that we live B.on which we live
C.where we live in D.we live in
Ⅱ.用适当的关系代词that，which，who，whom填空。
1.The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal.2.April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west.3.The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.4.The house _____we live in is very old.5.Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now？
参考答案：
I.1-5BBCAC 6-10 ABCCD Ⅱ.1.that 2.which / that 3.who / that 4.that / which 5.who/ whom/
第五篇：2017初中英语定语从句详解
2017年最新
一、考查以that与which引导的定语从句 1．通常只能用that的情况
1）当先行词是不定代词a11，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing，everything等时。2）先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及被a11，any，every，each，few，little，no，some，the only．the very．the last等修饰时。
3）如果先行词既指人又指物，应用关系代词that。
【考例】Without friendship, one can't be happy although he is rich enough.As for me, I will never forget the days __ I spent with my dearest friend.[哈尔滨市] A.that
B.when
C.who [答案]A。[解析]在定语从句中，引导词who(指人)which(指物)that(指人或物)。由先行词the days作spent的宾语可判定用that引导。2．通常只用which的情况
(1)引导非限定性定语从句，用关系代词which指代前面整个句子的内容。(2)引导非限定性定语从句，而且先行词指物时只能用which，不用that。(3)如果句中有两个定语从句，如果两个从句都可以用that引导，那么其中一个应改用which引导。
【考例】Many young people love the songs _________have great lyrics.[成都市] A.who
B.those
C.which [答案]C。[解析]考查定语从句。定语从句的引导词有which，who，where，that，故排除B，who指人，又排除了A，先行词是物，故选C。
二、考查以who，whom与whose引导的定语从句(1)如果先行词是指人的不定代词anyone，anybody，everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，nobody，one，ones，those，all(指人)等作先行词，作主语用who，作宾语用whom。who而不用which。
(2)在非限制性定语从句中，指人作主语用who，作宾语用whom，who。(3)在定语从句中，作定语的关系代词只能用whose，它相当于the+名词+of +which／whom；非限制性定语从句中还有“代词／数词+of +which／whom“结构。
【考例The man _________ gave us a talk on science yesterday is a famous scientist.[广东省] A.who
B.whose
C.which
D.whom [答案]A。[解析]本题考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词为the man，指人，排除which；连接代词在从句中作主语，排除 whose和whom。故本题选who。--Do you know the man __is running along the street?--Yes.He is our English teacher.[长沙市] A.who
B.which
C.whom [答案]A。[解析]考查定语从句。限制性定语从句，如果修饰人，一般用关系who，有时用 that(作主语时用who较多)。
三、考查关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句 它们相当于“介词+which”，其中where=in／at +which；when=at／in／during +which；why=for +which。
(1)关系副词where引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词。（2）关系副词when引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。
(3)关系副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必 须是表示原因的名词。【考例】(2009·绵阳中考)Disney is an amusement park you can find a11 the normal attractions and Disney movies and characters．
A．which B．where C．that
D ．when 答案：B点拨：此题考查定语从句。先行词为an amusement park指地点，故关系词用where。
五、对“介词+关系代词”的考查
当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。先行词指物，用“介词+which”，指人则用“介词+whom"，且两个关系代词均不能省略。介词的选择要遵循两个原则：根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配内容而定；根据先行词的特殊用法而定。
【考例】Do you know the young lady ____your mother is talking?(湖北黄石)A.who
B.whom
C.with whom
D.which [答案]：C [命题立意]：本题考查“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的用法。[试题解析]：先行词为the young lady，被关系代词whom代替在从句中作talk with 的宾语，介词with 可以放在关系代词之前，故应选C。【语法回顾】
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词叫做关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose）或关系副词(when, where)，关系代词和关系副词放在先行词与定语从句之间，起联系的作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。关系代词、副词
作用
先行词
例句
that，who，whom(只做宾语)
主语、宾 语、表语
人
Do you know the girl who／that is standing under a tree?你知道站在树下的女孩是谁吗? that，which
主语、宾 语、表语
物、时 间、地 点、原 因
She got a computer which／that her parents bought for her． 她有一台她的父母买给她的电脑。
whose 定语
人物
The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard．他的爸爸是医生的男孩学习非常刻苦。The classroom whose window is open is mine．窗户开着的那个教室是我的教室。
when 状语
时间
I still remember the day when you leave for Beijing．我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。
where
状语
地点
This is the school where my mother works．这就是我妈妈 工作的学校。
why 状语
原因
Could you explain the reason why you were late?你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗?
二、关系代词在定语从句中的用法(关系代词作宾语时可省略)： 1．that指人或物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。
This is the pen that you are looking for.这是你要找的那支钢笔。(宾语)The girl that has long hair is my sister.留着长发的那个女孩是我妹妹。（主语）2．which指物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。
The bike which is made in Tianjin sells well.天津产的自行车销售很好。（主语）The fish which we bought were not fresh.我们买的鱼不新鲜。(宾语)3．who, whom指人，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。
The boy who broke the window is called Tom.打碎窗户的男孩叫Tom.（主语）
The person to whom he is talking is my father.正在和他谈话的那个人是我父亲。(宾语)4．whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语。
The girl whose bag is new is called Ann.新书包的那个女孩叫Ann。(指人)He lives in a house whose widows open to the south.他住在窗户朝南的那所房子。(指物)
三、只用which不用that的情况：
1．在介词后只用which，不能用that。
This is the bank in which the robbery happened.这是那所发生抢劫案的银行。2．先行词本身是that时，只能用which，不能用that。The clock is that which tells the time.钟表是用来报时的。
四、只用that不用which的情况：
1．先行词被形容词最高级修饰时只能用that。
This is the most beautiful mountain that I have seen.这是我所见过的最美丽的山。2．先行词被序数词修饰时只能用that。
The first English novel that I read was Thirty-nine Steps.我读的第一本英文小说是《39级台阶》。3.先行词前有all, any, no, little, much, many, the only, the very, the last等修饰词时只能用that。Here are all the books that I have.这就是我所有的书。This is the only book that I like.这是我唯一喜欢的一本书。
4．先行词是everything, something, anything, all, none, much, little, many, few等不定代词时，只能用that。
Finally, the thief handed in everything that he had stolen.最后小偷交出了他所偷的东西。5．先行词同时含有“人”和“物”的名词时，只能用that。
I can remember the people and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能记得我在房间里看到的人和一些图画。
6．先行词是the one时，只能用that。
This is the one that you want.这就是你想要的。
7．在以who引导的疑问句后，为了避免重复，只能用that。Who is the girl that is standing there? 站在那边的那个女孩是谁？
五、在介词后只能用whom，不能用who。
The girl to whom I talked just now is from America.我刚刚与之谈话的那个女孩是来自美国的。
六、定语从句中主谓一致的问题： 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词要与先行词的人称和数保持一致(我们要知道，关系代词所代指的就是先行词，这里有一个等量关系)。
Tom is one of the boys who are from the USA.Tom是众多来自美国的男孩中的一个。Tom is the only boy that is from the USA.Tom是惟一从美国来的男孩。
七、定语从句中的介词与副词的问题： 当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，如果定语从句中的谓语动词是不及物动词时，要加介词或副词。(定语从句中的不及物动词加介词或副词构成固定的及物动词短语后，不能把介词或副词提前到关系代词前。)He is the old man who/whom we looked after last year.他是我们去年照顾的那个老人。That is the book which I am looking for.那就是我要找的书。
八、关系副词when与where的使用： 1．when指时间：
I will never forget the time when we worked on the farm.我将永远不会忘记我们在农场劳动的那段时光。
2．where指地点(where=in等介词＋which)：
This is the house where(=in which)he lived last year.这是他去年住的房子。
九、定语从句与作定语的①动词不定式、②介词短语、③现在分词短语、④过去分词短语的转换：
She has much work that she must do.=She has much work to do.她有许多要做的工作。
The man in the car is Mr.Green.=The man who is in the car is Mr.Green.在车上的人是格林先生。The girl watering flowers there is my sister.=The girl who is watering flowers there is my sister.在浇花的女孩是我妹妹。
The boy saved in the river has come back to life.= The boy who was saved in the river has come back to life.从河里救起的男孩苏醒过来了。【语法过关】
1.--Do you like the pop singer?
--No, I prefer the singer __________can sing folk music.A.which
B.who
C.where
D.how 2.The man _________is wearing a blue jacket is Jim's uncle.A.who
B.whom
C.which
D./ 3．Do you know the young lady ____your mother is talking?
A.who
B.whom
C.with whom
D.which 4．---Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees?---Yes, he does.A.which
B.whose
C.where
D.who 5．The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important.A.who
B.where
C.what
D.that 6．---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?---He has gone back to Qinghua University.A.whom
B.who
C.whose
D.which 7．I hate people _______ talk much but do little.A.whose
B.whom
C.which
D.who 8．I'm looking at the photograph ___ you sent me with your letter.A.who
B.whom C.which D.it
9．I hate people
don’t help others when they are in trouble.A．who B．which
C．they 10．--Barbara, where do you work?--I work for a company _________sells cars.A.which
B.where
C.what
11．Do you know the young lady ____your mother is talking? A.who
B.whom
C.with whom
D.who D.which D.that 12．The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important.A.who
B.where
C.what
【参考答案】
1．B[解析]考查学生对定语从句中引导词的掌握。定语从句中先行词是人时用who引导。2．A．[解析]考查学生对定语从句。先行词是人且引导词在从句中作主语，故用who引导。3．C．[解析]本题考查“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的用法。先行词为the young lady，被关系代词whom代替在从句中作talk with 的宾语，介词with 可以放在关系代词之前，故应选C。
4．D．[解析]本题考查引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。
5．D．[解析]本题考查定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是物，而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，所以只有that合适。
6． B．[解析]本题考查引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。
7．D．[解析]本题考查引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。
8． C．[解析]本题考查定语从句的用法。句中的先行词是the photograph，同时在定语从句中作宾语，故关系代词应用which。其答案为：C。
9． A．[解析]本题考查定语从句的用法。句中的先行词是people，同时在定语从句中作主语，故关系代词应用who。其答案为：A。
10．A．[解析]作定语从句的引导词，which可修饰物，who指代人，that指人或物。定语从句修饰company，选用which。
11。答案C 解析：先行词为the young lady，被关系代词whom代替在从句中作talk with 的宾语，介词with 可以放在关系代词之前，故应选C。12．答案D 解析：因为先行词是物，而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，所以只有that合适。
点击咨询 