高一英语写作训练(五篇范文)

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第一篇:高一英语写作训练

高一英语 冯蕊 2013.11.30

高一英语写作讲义

(一)第一次月考作文分析

 题目:假定你叫张华。一家英文报社来信要邀请你调查一下中学生对网络使用的情况,并依照调查写一篇报道。请根据下表提供的信息,对你的调查作简要介绍,发给报社。主要的用途:1.阅读国内外新闻,学习英语。2.发email、欣赏音乐、看电影、玩游戏等。3.网上购物。

出现的问题:1.过多地在网上玩游戏,浪费了时间,影响了学业。2.浏览不健康信息,对身心有害。

 范文:

As we all know, the Internet is playing an important part in our daily life.We can do many things by the Internet.For example, we can read the news around the world, learn English, write e-mails, listen to music, see a film and play computer games on the Internet.Oh, we can go shopping by the Internet, too.So it is very useful for us.But at present, the Internet also has many disadvantages.Because many teenagers spend too much time on playing computer games, they have so less time to study that their study grades get worse.It’s a very serious problem.Some people look through unhealthy news by the Internet.It can influent their minds and themselves.In my opinion, we should make good use of the Internet and form a good habit to use the Internet.I think you can do it.(二)三步作文法

1.List the key points罗列出关键点

 have access to learn news at home and abroad as well as learning English  send e-mails, enjoymusic, see films, play computer games

 do online shopping

 spend too much time in playing computer games online(be buried in) waste time/ affect their studies(do harm to)

2.Make sentences造句

 They can not only read news at home and abroad but also learn English by the

Internet. With the help of the Internet, they can have access to learning the latest news

at home and abroad as well as learning English.3.Form a passage and polish形成作文并修改完善

(三)写作小技巧

满分作文都有个共性就是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑。高考大纲中常用的连接词有以下几类:

 并列补充关系:what’s more, besides, also, as well, moreover, furthermore, in

addition等等。

 转折对比关系:but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary,although, different from, in contrast to, in spite of, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, years ago…today, the former…the latter, then…now, theonce…now, on the one hand…on the other hand, some…others等等。

 因果关系:since, as, because(of), for, so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that  条件关系:if, on the condition(that), as long as, unless, or else等等。

 时间关系: when, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately,recently, since, from then on, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning/year/century, now, after, presently, later, finally, at last, all of a sudden等等。

 特定的顺序关系:above all, first of all, firstly, first, secondly, the , next, finally, in

the end, at last

 换言之:in other words, that is to say, to put it another way

 举例说明:for instance, for example, like, such as

 陈述事实:in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth

 总结:on the whole, in short, all in all, general, in a word, in conclusion, in closing,in summary等等。

特别要注意谓语用什么基本时态以及前后的时态呼应,注意句子与句子之间的有机

联系,段落与段落之间的自然过渡。这样既能显示出你的高中水平,又能使文章层次清楚,文理通顺、结构严密紧凑,衔接自然。这样只要要点全,准确无误,语句通顺流畅那就是高水平、高档次的作文。

(四)写作训练

 题目:假若你是某高中学生李华,进入高中后,你觉得学英语的方式与初中有很大的不

同。你给自己的英语老师写了一封信,讲述自己的英语学习情况。请你根据下面的提示补全此信。

1.开始学习高中英语时,觉得学习英语有很多困难,难得让他几乎丧失信心;

2.后来逐渐意识到英语的重要性;

3.每天努力学习英语,例如多读书,多背诵英语课文等;

4.向老师和同学请教更好的学习英语的方法;

5.他们的帮助和您的鼓励使我取得了很大的进步,现在对英语越来越感兴趣。

 作文:

Dear Mr.Li,I’m glad to tell you that I have made great progress in my English study since I became a senior high student.________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Thank you so much for your great help in your class.Wish you all the best.Yours,Li Hua

第二篇:高一英语写作训练一

高一英语写作训练一

读写任务1

阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Some years ago, leaving the farm to work in the city, three brothers were

employed by the same company and on the same pay.But three years later, they received different wages.So their father was confused and decided to pay a visit to the boss, who told him that he would let his sons explain for themselves.The three brothers were asked by the supervisor to go to the airport to get a cargo inventory at different times.Jim, who received 500 dollars a months, got the information on the phone instead of going to the airport himself.Frank, the 1000 dollars a month brother with a list of more cargoes.George, the 1500 dollars a month brother came back with detailed information and also did something extra without being told.[写作内容]

1.概括该故事的内容要点,该部分的字数大约30词左右;

2.就“态度决定一切”这个主题发表你的看法,至少包含以下的内容要点,该部分的字数大约120词左右。

1)你认为是什么导致三兄弟的薪酬差异;

2)你从这个故事得到什么启示;

3)你对 “态度决定一切”如何理解?

4)举一对比事例说明不同的学习态度产生不同的结果。

读写任务2

阅读下面短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Snacks can be a good way to stop your hunger and get the vitamins your body needs.But you need to pay attention to what you eat.Choosing healthy snacks means shopping smart.Be careful of the health claims on food packages.Just because something says “all natural” or “pure” it doesn’t always mean it’s good for you.Be careful of low-fat food claims, too.If the fat has been cut back the amount of sugar in the food may have been increased to keep the food tasting good.Many low-fat foods have nearly as many calories as their full-fat versions.Here are some ways to make healthy snacking part of your everyday routine.*Keep healthy snacks with you.Keep plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables at home, so you can take them with you when you go out.*Satisfy cravings(渴望)with healthier foods.If you’re crazy about chocolate, try a hot chocolate drink instead of a chocolate bar.Trade ice-cream for yogurt.If you want something salty, eat whole grain biscuits instead of potato chips.*Pay attention to the amount you eat.As with everything, moderation(适度)is the key to smart snacking.[写作内容]

1.概括短文的内容要点,该部分的词数大约30词左右;

2.针对本文所陈述的内容发表自己的看法,至少包含以下的内容要点,该部分的词数约120:

1)简述摄取过多的脂肪和热量的负面影响。

2)你对周围爱吃零食的人的合理化建议。

第三篇:高一英语训练

我真正掌握英语阅读理解是在高三那一年,到现在我还是感激那位英语老师!大概给你总结为以下几点:

1、首先快速浏览全文,保持对全文有个大致理解。能理解多少算多少,也不要抱有畏难情绪,因为这是为你做题打基础!

2、根据问题精读文章。一般问题都是根据段落出现(当然总结性的除外),这时需要做的就是:找到该问题大致所在的段落,或具体到文章的哪几句,重点深入的读懂读透它们!给你个技巧,不妨用笔针对该问题可能与之相关联的句子用横线化出来,然后细细品味!

3、要举一反三。熟能生巧,每做完一套试卷要反思要总结,为什么错了?错在哪?

4、具体问题具体分析。比如划线部分的、词语解释的、最接近的是以下哪个选项的等等,这就要求对上下文,对相邻几句,或者段与段之间的理解了。还是一样要找到该问题所在的具体句子在文中哪个地方,多读几遍重点句子,重点段落,比较答案选择一个最佳选项!

5、把握全文,设身处地,切忌自以为是!通常最后那一两个问题是最难的,这时切忌以自己的想法推断,要把自己想象成作者,他想表达出一个什么意思?想陈述一个什么故事?想引导一个什么目的?

6、当机立断,快速解决!做题的时候肯定会出现几个模棱两可的答案,不要着急,平静心态,大胆取舍。文章中没有涉及、没有提过的答案,那好我就打上叉号,直到最佳选择!

我高一高二那两年也跟你一样对阅读理解无从下手,40分的题,最多捞个十几二十分,高三老师的提点让我醍醐灌醒,一有时间我就拿出试卷来练,练的多了,信心就足了,后来慢慢的从没下过30分。最后高考还不错,英语就是提分的科目,好像考了126。想想以前都是70-80分,考出来我也满足了。相信自己,没有什么克服不了的!

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第四篇:高一英语专题训练

高一英语试题

第一节 单项选择

21.____ ability and experience, I think John is the most suitable person for the job.A.In terms ofB.In case ofC.As a result ofD.In face of

22.______ such a difficult problem, he didn’t know what to do.A.FacedB.FacingC.Faced toD.Facing with

23.Scientists have found no ________of life on Mars so far, though great efforts have made on the research.A.symbolsB.signsC.marksD.signals

24.No one except two students ______ the meeting.A.has been late forB.have been late forC.was late forD.were late for

25.The factory is ______ near our school.We are suffering from its smoke.A.livedB.situatingC.living inD.located

26.___ the year 2007 the output of the factory rose ___ about 10% more than the year before.A.By;toB.In;atC.In;byD.By;with

27.In the middle of the square ___, which was built in honor of the heroes that gave their lives in the war.A.standing a monument(纪念碑)B.a monument stands

C.does a monument standD.stands a monument

28.Mrs.Smith fell ill.She went to work, ___, and tried to concentrate on what she was doing.A.otherwiseB.howeverC.besidesD.therefore

29.______ though she is, she can ________ to protect herself.A.A child;take measuresB.Child;make measures

C.Child;take measuresD.A child;make measures

30.─Is there any ___ between the two styles?

─Not a bit.The two are different in every way.A.similarityB.differenceC.popularityD.comparison

31.Reaching the top of ___ Mount Tai in ____ sixties was ___ unforgettable experience.A.;the;anB.;his;anC.;his;D.;the;an

32.An idea ___ to her that she might work out the maths problem in another way.A.passedB.happenedC.struckD.occurred

33.—Where did you study Japanese?

—I didn’t.I ___ when I visited Tokyo.A.picked it upB.took it upC.made it upD.turned it up

34.The old man felt a great weight ___ off his mind the moment he knew his son1

returned safe from the battlefield.A.takingB.to be takenC.takeD.taken

35.I met Bob at Jane’s birthday party and before that we ______ each other.A.had never seenB.did not see

C.have never seenD.never saw

第二节 完型填空

阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

As the train approached the seaside town where I was going to spend my holidays, Imy legs.I stayed there a short while, breathing in the fresh sea air anda few words with one of the passengers, whom I had met earlier on the.When I turned to go back to , I happened to glance into the compartment(车厢)next to mine.Sitting there was a man who many years before had been my neighbor.He was a greathim once he began a conversation.I was not at allwhen he went to live in another part of London.We had not met since then,did I wish to meet him now, whenwas about to begin.Luckily at that moment he wasbusy talking to the man opposite him to catch sight of me.I slipped back, took down my two suitcases and carried them to the far end of the corridor so as to be ready tothe train as soon as it stopped.The moment the train came to a stop, I called a porter, who carried my luggage out of the station andme a taxi.As the taxi ran towards my small hotel, I breathed a deep sigh of relief at my.There was little chance that I shouldmy boring ex-neighbor again.When I reached the hotel, I wentto my room and rested there until it was time for dinner.Then I went down to the dining room anda drink.I had hardly raised the glass to my lips I had not escaped from the tiresome neighborthat wea table in the dining-room.“This is a pleasant,”he said.“I never expected to see you again after all these years.”

36.A.reachB.exchangeC.stretchD.loosen

37.A.exchangingB.changingC.talking throughD.talking about

38.A.fruit standB.department store

C.bus stopD.station platform

39.A.the stationB.my seatC.the waiting roomD.the office

40.A.talkerB.poetC.writerD.hero

41.A.work with B.take care ofC.get away fromD.pay attention to

42.A.happyB.afraidC.sorryD.content

43.A.soB.noC.notD.nor

44.A.holidayB.school dayC.work dayD.conversation

45.A.veryB.tooC.soD.much

46.A.get onB.stay onC.catchD.get off

47.A.foundB.gaveC.offeredD.stopped

48.A.good luck B.nice choiceC.narrow escapeD.bad fortune

49.A.keep in touch withB.run into

C.knock downD.catch up with

50.A.carelesslyB.aimlesslyC.sadlyD.straight

51.A.orderedB.requestedC.fetchedD.asked

52.A.whileB.beforeC.whenD.after

53.A.above allB.after allC.first of allD.in all

54.A.spareB.rentC.reserveD.share

55.A.surpriseB.interviewC.appointmentD.party

第三部分 阅读理解

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A

Mr.Jackson worked in a factory.There he drove a truck.He carried the machines that were made in their factory to the station.He drove well and got more money than his workmates.His wife took good care of him and did all the housework at home.But the man had a shortcoming: he liked drinking.He often drank a little when he had supper.And after that he went to bed and soon fell asleep.It didn’t hinder(防碍)his work and Mrs.Jackson didn’t mind it.One summer afternoon it was very hot.Mr.Jackson felt tired and thirsty.He stopped by a bar on the side of the road and had a rest.One of his friends saw his truck and asked him to drink.He agreed and they drank a lot.And he didn’t stop at the crossing when the lights were red.A policeman tried to stop him.But he drove faster and soon they found him in the factory and they knew everything.He was nearly sent away for it.He was very sorry after that and promised he wouldn’t drink any longer when he was at work.One day, on his way home, he met an old friend of his and they were both happy and drank much.When he got home, his wife was angry but she didn’t say anything and helped him to go to bed.The next morning she said, “You drank a lot again last night!”“Who told you about that?” Mr.Jackson called out.“I didn’t drink at all!”“But you told me about it yourself!”

“Can you believe what a drunk(醉汉)says?”

56.At first Mrs.Jackson didn’t stop her husband drinking because________.A.he didn’t drink too muchB.he went to work on time

C.he never drank when he was at workD.he got more money than his workmates

57.______, so he was nearly sent away.A.Mr.Jackson didn’t stop when the lights were red

B.Mr.Jackson drove too fast when he was drunk

C.Mr.Jackson drank with his friend in the bar

D.Mr.Jackson didn’t listen to the policeman

58.As_______, Mr.Jackson promised not to drink when he was at work.A.his wife was angry with himB.the policeman punished(惩罚)him

C.his friends asked him not to do soD.he knew it was dangerous for him

59.Mrs.Jackson didn’t say anything that evening because________.A.she thought her husband poorB.she felt sorry for her husband

C.it was no use talking to a drunkD.her husband knew he was wrong

B

Scientists around the world have been studying the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean known as El Nino.The appearance of El Nino is known to affect the weather around the world.Scientists still do not completely understand it.Yet they now find they can use it to tell about the future in different areas of the world.One example is the work of two scientists at Columbia University in New York, Mark Cane and Gordon Eshel.A scientist of Zimbabwe, Roger Buckland worked with them.They have found that when El Nino appears, Zimbabwe has little or no rain.This means corn crops in Zimbabwe are poor.The last El Nino was in 1991 to 1993.That was when southeastern Africa suffered a serious lack of rain.The scientists wrote about their recent work in the publication Nature.Their computer program can tell when an El Nino will develop up to a year before it does.They suggest that this could provide an effective early warning system for southern Africa, and could prevent many people from starving.60.El Nino is known as ___.A.the changing of the weather in southern Africa

B.the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean

C.the weather which brings drought(旱灾)to Africa

D.the weather phenomenon(现象)that brings heavy rains to Africa

61.Scientists study El Nino in order that ___.A.they can provide a kind of early warning to the place that will suffer from drought

B.they can tell why Zimbabwe has little or no rain

C.they can do some research work in this field.D.they can put all this information into their computers.62.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Nature is the name of the article written recently by the scientists.B.Three scientists from the USA work on this subject.C.Southern Africa suffered a serious drought and many people died from hunger.D.El Nino has something to do with Zimbabwe’s poor crops.63.What’s the best title for this passage?

A.Appearance of El Nino is Predictable(可预测的)B.Drought in Zimbabwe

C.Early Warning SystemD.Weather in Africa

C

Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space.The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural(文化的)difference, not an economic(经济的)one.Knowing your own psychological(心理的)space needs is important because they strongly affect your choices, including, for example, the number of bedrooms in the home.If you were brought up in a two-child family and both you and your sister or brother had your own bedrooms, the chances are, if you have two children or more, that you also will offer separate bedrooms for them.I n America, for example, they train people to want to have their own rooms by giving them their own rooms when they are babies.This is very rare in the world.In many other countries, the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in a bed near them.The space in the home also shows a lot about psychological space needs.Some families gather closer to each other and the size of their house has nothing to do with it.Others have separate little corners where family members go to be alone.Although it is true that psychological space needs are not decided by economic reasons, they sometimes have to be changed a little because of economic pressures.It is almost impossible, however, to completely change your psychological space needs.64.The first sentence in Paragraph 1 “Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space” means “______”

A.No two people need exactly the same amount of living space.B.Nobody needs a required amount of living space.C.The world requires the same amount of living space.D.Living space requirements are not always the same.65.Some families gather closer to each other at home than others because _______.A.they have limited living space

B.they are brought up in a large family

C.it satisfies their psychological space needs

D.the children in the family sleep in the same bed with their parents

66.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Americans are trained to live in large rooms at birth.B.Economic situation decided one’s amount of space needs.C.People in various countries demand different psychological space.D.Knowing your psychological space needs is important, as it affects your future.67.According to the writer of the passage, psychological space needs______.A.are not affected by income at all

B.have nothing to do with cultural background

C.can be changed if you make up your mind to do so

D.can hardly be changed altogether

D

Boxing was long viewed sickly.Generally forbidden by law in earlier days, the fighting was usually done with bare fists, and matches often lasted forty or fifty rounds.In 1882 John L.Sullivan, a fighter of great power, won the world heavy-weight championship of Paddy Ryan in a bare-fisted battle market by hitting, scratching, and biting without any rule.Five years later, while fighting Patsy Cardiff at Minneapolis, Sullivan broke his right arm in the third round, but he continued fighting to the sixth round and won.In 1889, Sullivan defeated Jake Kilrain with his bare fists in another championship fight, winning twenty thousand dollars and a diamond prize medal.His admirers talked of choosing him to run for the next governor, but he traveled to Australia for a boxing tour instead, coming back only to lose his title in a twenty-one round match with a young California named James J.Corbett.Gentleman Jim’s victory in this match marked a turning point, for it showed scientific boxing was over strength.But Corbett’s title ended in 1897, when another boxer, Bob Fitzsimmons, in less than three seconds, achieved his goal and then Fitzsimmons knocked out an Irishman, won him heavyweight championship of the world and invented terrible “solar plexus punch”.68.Boxing matches in the early days were________.A.short and bloodyB.usually spare-time competitions

C.governed by strict rulesD.cruel

69.Sullivan was so popular that his admirers________.A.encouraged him to be a governor

B.raised twenty thousand dollars for him

C.advised him to take a boxing tour of Australia

D.encouraged him to win another championship

70.Gentleman Jim’s victory over Sullivan was a turning point because it______.A.marked the first appearance of the “solar plexus punch”

B.told us that the scientific boxing was advanced

C.was decided on the basis of strength

D.removed the long-time heavy-weight champion

Answer: 21-25 ABBCD26-30 CDBCA31-35 BDADA

36-40 CADBA41-45 CCDAB46-50 DACBD51-55 ACBDA

56-59 CABC60-63BADA64-67 DCCD68-70DAB

书面表达(背诵)

台风是沿海地区常见的自然灾害,你一定在电视上目睹过台风袭来的场景。请你写一篇100词左右的短文,介绍一下沿海地区受台风袭击的场面。

要点提示:

1.台风主要袭击中国东南部省份;

2.台风一般会带来强风和暴雨;

3.台风袭来时,大树被刮倒,许多街道、房屋会被淹没,交通受到严

重影响;

4.许多居民将被迫离开家园,损失惨重。

A typhoon is a terrible natural disaster that often strikes southeastern parts of China.It has been threatening human beings of all time.When the typhoon lands, there will be strong wind along with heavy rain.At the same time, many tall trees are blown down and a lot of houses and streets will be flooded by water, making the traffic affected seriously.Because of the heavy loss which is caused by the typhoon, many residents have to leave their homes and move to safer places.

第五篇:高一议论文写作训练设计

高中议论文写作训练设计

一、了解议论文基本常识

当我们了解生活中的某件事情、某个现象或某些问题时,总会形成自己的看法、主张和观点,把这些看法、主张和观点表达出来,并加以阐释、说明,就是议论;写成文章,就是议论文。常见的议论文有:读后感、随笔、演说、序言、书评等。

写议论文、阅读议论文,应该注意议论文的要素,即:论点、论据、论证。

论点就是我们的看法和主张。议论文的主要看法和主张就是文章的中心论点。有的议论文还有分论点。分论点是从中心论点分离出来的,从属于中心论点,几个分论点构成中心论点。

论据是用来证明论点的根据。论据主要有事实论据和理论论据。论据必须充分、确凿,有典型性。

论证是运用论据证明论点的过程和方 法。常用的论证方法有举例论证、道理论证、对比论证、比喻论证、引用论证、归谬论证、正反论证等。

论证的方式一般分为立论和驳论两种。立论是对一定的事件或问题从正面阐述见解和主张的论证方式。驳论是对片面的、错误的甚至反动的见解或主张进行批驳,只要批驳成立就行了。立论和驳论常常是互相联系的。驳论文章中要有立论,以阐明自己的正确观点。在立论的文章中有时也要批驳错误观点。

二、了解《2005年高考大纲》写作部分有关议论文的解说

基础等级

①有的放矢

议论文要有明确的针对性。阐述正确的看法、主张和观点,明辨是非,这是议论文的生命。写没有针对性的议论文,就是无的放矢,无病呻吟,无事生非。好的议论文,不但要有明确的针对性,还应大力宣扬正确的看法、主张和观点。

②观点正确

观点是议论文的灵魂,一个错误的观点哪怕能够自圆其说,也是无法得到大家认可的。观点正确与否,要看其是否符合广大群众的利益和道德标准。

③内容具体

作为议论文三要素的论点、论据、论证,不是一副互不关联的空洞架子。好的议论文,不仅应该有具体的内容——健康明确的论点,具体真实的论据,准确严密的论证,还要有精心设计的完整严密的结构。

④逻辑严密

不管什么文体的文章,都要讲究思维清晰,前后一致。一段毫无逻辑的话,读了让人不知所云。议论文逻辑的严密体现在论证上。语句严密,无懈可击。行文清晰,让人读了一目了然。

发展等级

①深刻

“透过现象深入本质,揭示问题产生的原因,观点具有启发性。”(《2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》)

②丰富

“材料丰富,形象丰满,意境深远。”(《2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》)就议论文而言,“丰富”主要指论据典型、充分,出其不意又恰到好处。

③有文采

“词语生动,句式灵活,善于运用修辞手法,文句有意蕴。”(《2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》)

创新议论文切忌板起面孔说话,语言要尽可能生动活泼,庄谐自如。当然,不板起面孔,决非故作胡言乱语,信口雌黄。

④有创新

“见解新颖,材料新鲜,构思新巧,推理想像有独到之处,有个性特征。”(《2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》)议论文要引人深思,发人深省,须有深刻而有创意的观点,即“新颖的见解”。这里的“新颖”,既指言他人所未言,更指观点出自司空见惯的事情、现象或问题,让人读了觉得眼前一亮。但议论文仅有新颖的见解是不够的,还必须在论据材料、布局结构上有独到之处。议论文的结构过去有一个严格的格式,即所谓“引、析、联、结”四步骤。创新的议论文写作,不会出现在陈旧的格式套子里。

三、总体序列训练设计

高一年级阶段着重训练要点

1、学习议论文三要素——论点、论据、论证

2、论点的确立与表述

3、学习例证法、引证法、对比法

4、学习因果论证讲道理

5、论点型、论题型(范围型)议论文写作

高二年级阶段着重训练要点

6、学习论证的思路和结构

7、学习喻证法、引申法

8、学习辩证分析讲道理

①用发展的观点讲道理

②用联系的观点讲道理

③用一分为二的观点讲道理

9、议论文的语言训练

10、关系型、材料型议论文写作

11、学习写新闻短评、影视评论

12、学习写读后感高三年级阶段着重训练要点

13、学习议论文中的多种表达方式

15、学习写作杂文

16、学习驳论点、驳论据、驳论证三种方法

17、学习写作寓意型议论文

18、议论文写作综合训练

14、学习写作思想评论、文学评论

这个序列共18个训练要点,分三个阶段教完,每个训练要点并不是孤立的训练,而是互相联系的。比如论证方法、论证结构、论证语言、讲道理的方法等知识点,贯穿整个高中阶段的训练,只不过是在每一个训练阶 段强调、训练、掌握的程度不同而已。

四、高一阶段训练设计

一、论点的确立与表述

1、如果要求你阅读完下列各题的文段之后,根据文段内容,展开联想,各写一篇议论文,请为你将完成的议论文设计一个标题,并写出该篇议论文的中心论点。100字以内。

①马路边有一棵高大的榆树,紫藤缠着它长得非常好。一天晚上狂风大作,榆树倒了,紫藤也枝蔓横斜,落花满地,早已没有了原先的繁荣景象。

②清官,在我国史籍中谓之“循吏”。司马迁为循吏作传,第一人就是楚令尹孙叔敖。孙叔敖幼年时,在路上看到一条双头蛇。他听说见了双头蛇人就要死,为防别人再受害,就自己上去勇敢地将这条蛇打死掩埋了,乡人均称其贤。后来,孙叔敖被楚庄王封为令尹,他整饬律令,振兴农业,办了不少好事,“民皆乐其生”。而自己则破车劣马,糙米菜羹,食“枯鱼之膳,冬羔裘,夏葛衣,面有饥色”。个人的俸禄,他也广施于人,至死“无分铢之蓄”,死后妻儿还得靠打柴度日。

③古罗马神学家奥古斯汀和法国思想家卢梭,少年时均品行不端。奥古斯汀混迹街头无赖之间,打人骂人兼偷窃,“饱餐犯罪之乐”,“炫耀自己的污浊与下流”。卢梭则“又懒又喜欢撒谎”,他早年当佣人时偷了主人的旧丝带,竟在众目睽睽之下,嫁祸于诚实的女仆玛丽,败坏了人家的好名声。后来奥古斯汀和卢梭都写过《忏悔录》,直面自己的隐私,痛责自己的过错,赤裸裸地解剖自己,最终都走上了弃旧图新之路,在学术与事业上作出了重大贡献。

④1843年,二十多岁的恩格斯在伦敦大英博物馆见到鸭嘴兽的卵时,甚为怀疑。因为,鸭嘴兽是哺乳动物,哺乳动物是胎生的,怎么能有卵呢?有卵就不应该是哺乳动物。他并公开阐述了这一观点。可是到了五十多年后的1895年,恩格斯明白了,鸭嘴兽虽为哺乳动物,但它是卵胎生的,是哺乳动物中的一种特例。此时,恩格斯已名扬天下,可他仍然公开承认了自己青年时代的错误,表示“向鸭嘴兽道歉”。

⑤主张“性灵说”的清代诗人袁枚曾经说过:蚕吃桑叶,吐出来的是蚕丝,而不是桑叶;蜜蜂酿蜜,它采的是花粉,而不是蜂蜜。

二、学习例证法、引证法、对比法

2、下面的文字是《成功始于今日》一文的首段,阅读后请续写,要求至少用三个事实论据来论证中心论点,要求举例详略得当,恰到好处。不少于600字。

成功始于今日

我们中间的许多人都知道古人留下的一首《明日歌》:“明日复明日,明日何其多!吾生待明日,万事成蹉跎。”它被写在许多人笔记本的扉页之上,用以自勉。但是,许多人又未必知道古人还给我们留下一首《今日》诗,诗云:“今日复今日,今日何其少!今日又不为,此事何时了?人生百年几今日,今日不为真可惜!若言姑待明朝至,明朝又有明朝事。为君聊赋《今日》诗,努力请从今日始。”这两首诗,前者侧重强调今日之事今日毕,莫将今日推明日;后者着重强调今日一过无今日,“努力请从今日始”,角度不同,所表达的主题却是相同的,欲成就一番事业,一定要惜时如金,莫将岁月轻抛弃。

3、下面的文字是《无欲则刚》一文的首段,续写这篇议论文,要求举两个事例,从正反两面来论证中心论点,不少于600字。

无欲则刚

“刚”是难以做到的,“欲”是人人皆有的。人的欲望有两种,一种是作为一个正常的人所具有的正常的“欲”,如鲁迅先生所说的“一要生存,二要温饱,三要发展”。这样的“欲”,不影响他人正常的“欲”,甚至是为了最大地满足最大多数人的“欲”为基础的。这样的“欲”,应当尽量予以满足。一种是贪得无厌,甚至是以破坏别人的正常的“欲”为基础的。这种“欲”,是应当批判乃至制止的。“刚”和“欲”,是一种什么关系呢?要满足大多数人正常的“欲”,应当具有坚忍不拔、顽强奋斗的“刚”力;而要有百折不回的“刚”力,则必须没有恶劣的、以破坏别人的正常的“欲”为基础的个人私欲。古人云:“有容乃大,无欲则刚”,实在是说出了“刚”和“欲”的辩证关系。

4、下面的文字是议论文《一天和一年》的开头部分,请在第二段“„„启发:”后面写出“启发”的内容(即文章议论中心),运用例证法,完成此文。续写部分不少于600字。

一天和一年

一位画家在拜访德国著名画家门采尔时曾诉苦说“为什么我画一张画只要一天的时间,而卖掉它却要等上整整一年?” 门采尔严肃认真地对他说:“倒过来试试吧,如果你用一年的时间去画它,那么只需一天就能够卖掉它。”

读了这个故事颇受启发:

5、阅读、参照下列范例,如果要求你围绕后面的话题写一篇议论文,请你写出打算完成的文章的论点,并开列至少5条能证明你的文章论点的有关名言警句。

话 题:探索

论点撮要:a.探索的动力在不满现实与对新生事物不断追求b.探索需要有鲁迅说过的“吃螃蟹”的勇气c.探索推动着人类社会由蒙昧走向文明

d.探索须以科学的武器为指导

e.探索要不怕失败,敢于再辟蹊径

f.名言提示:

天下无难事,只怕有心人;天下无易事,只怕粗心人。

——袁枚

非尽百家之美,不能成一人之奇;非取全高之境,不能开独创之域。

——刘开

我觉得自己好像是在海滨玩耍的孩子,有时很高兴地拾着一些光滑美丽的石子。但真理的大海,我还没有发现。

——(英国)牛顿

在科学的入口处,正像地狱的入口处一样,必须提出这样的要求:这里必须根绝一切犹豫,任何怯懦都无济于事。

——(德国)马克思

别忘了!难做的事才值得去做。

——(德国)叔本华

打破一切,寻求一切,敢做敢为敢破坏,这就是真理与生活。——(法国)雨果①忧患③财富

三、因果论证

6、阅读下面材料后,设想你自己如果是应聘者,你的回答是什么?写出你的答案,然后列出②仁爱 5条理由。100字以内。

某中外合资企业招聘管理人员,面试中有这么一道题:三人外出打猎,一个人发现了一只野兔,另一个人打死了这只野兔,第三个人捡回了这只野兔;问:一等奖应该给谁?

(注意“发现”“管理人员”)

四、论点型、论题型(范围型)议论文写作

论点就是我们的看法和主张,它是一个判断,而且是一个肯定判断。论点型议论文是指命题(题目)本身即文章中心论点,写这类议论文,不能另立中心,只需考虑组织论据进行论证。而论题型议论文则只界定了议论的范围,论点还需要写作者自己在规定议论范围内另确定中心论点。

7、从下列题目中任选一题写一篇议论文,要求论据典型、充足,论证严密、充分,800字以上:

①学贵在问

②歌颂也需要勇气

③有志者事未必成④不断把人生的横杆升高

⑤取“寸”之长,补“尺”之短

8、从下列题目中任选一题写一篇议论文,要求自定中心,有理有据,论证充分,800字以上:①面子②我之“酷”观③拔河的启示

④说“严”

⑤贫与富

附录:

议论文写作八忌

(1)忌审题不准。审题应弄清文体,抓住题眼,吃透题意,把握重点,弄清选材范围,确定写作方法。如果对题目含义和要求掌握不住,理解不以,甚至稍微走一点边,写作则将失败。

(2)忌立论肤浅。立论,就是对论述的问题提出自己的看法和主张,自己的见解应力求新颖独到,主张应该正确鲜明,有见地。立论应避免一般化,表面化,抓不住问题的实质,看不见事物的本质。(3)忌抓不住论点。

写作议论文应围绕中心论点来写。有的同学抓不住论点,常常偏离论点尽情发挥,或者节外生枝扯到别的问题上去,或者把握不住论点的关键所在,搞颠倒了主与次、轻与重,这是不可能写好议论文的。

(4)忌论据不确切。论据是用来证明论点的理由,是论点赖以成立的根据。论据不仅要典型、可靠,而且要贴切、恰当。如果论据不恰当,不贴切,就不能证明论点,论据不能用同论点对好角度,就无法为论点提供最佳服务。

(5)忌引用不精确。证明论点正确性的理由,有事例,也有事理。不论事例或事理,引用它们的时候都应该精确。引用事例要真实可靠,不能随心所欲的编造,那怕添枝加对也不允许,引用事理,如名人言论、诗文等,应核对原文,力避错漏,不能断章取义,也不能篡改原文。

(6)忌事议脱节。议论文中用事实证明论点。或针对某一事情发表意见和看法,都得根据事实来阐明道理。把事与议紧密地结合起来。议脱离了事将是无根据的议,事离开了议,事的作用和价值也就难于表现出来了。因此事与议不能脱节。

(7)忌持论无角度。写议论文,特别是供料作文,往往有很多角度可写,但写的时候,一定要选最佳角度下笔,既不能四面出击,也不能不加选择地盲目行文。泛泛而论写不深,随意下笔写不好。

(8)忌论证不严密。论证是运用论据来证明论点的方法,是论点和论据之间逻辑联系的纽带。因此,论证必须思路清楚,逻辑严密。如果层次不清楚,思路不细密,逻辑性不强,那么论证绝不会严密

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