第一篇:英语I模拟试题1
英语I(1)模拟试题(1)
第一部分 交际用语(共计10分,每小题2分)
1-5题:阅读下面的小对话,判断答语是否恰当,恰当的选A(Right), 不恰当的选B(Wrong),并在答题纸上写出所选的字母符号。
1.–Are you free tomorrow?
--No, I’m afraid I’m not.A.RightB.Wrong.2.- Could you ring them up please? I’m sometimes quite nervous on the phone.- Are you? I’m fine.A.Right.B.Wrong.3.- How about going to an estate agent?
- Yes, that’s a good idea.A.Right.B.Wrong.4.-What’s the weather like in your city?
-Yes, the sun is shining.A.Right.B.Wrong.5.-What does her boyfriend look like?
-He is quite tall with fair curly hair.A.Right.B.Wrong.第二部分 词汇与结构(共计40分,每小题2分)
6-25题:阅读下面的句子,从A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上写出所选的字母符号。
6.She works in ____________ school near my office.A./B.AC.the
7.Maria often has a walk with ___________ parents in the morning.A.sheB.herC.their
8.Have you got _____________ lychees?
A.someB.anyC./
9.Mr.Green is now _________ a holiday.A.inB.withC.onI’d like to _________ you to a party this Saturday.A.sendB.inviteC.leave
11.How many __________ would you like to buy?
A.coffeeB.oilC.oranges
12.Hurry up.We don’t have _________ time.A.manyB.enoughC.too many
13.--________ time do you have lunch?
--I usually have lunch at12.A.WhereB.WhatC.When
14.I’m a deputy manager.I work _________ an IT company.A.forB.aboutC.with
15.This radio is __________ than that one.A.more expensiveB.very expensiveC.as expensive
16.— The second bedroom isn’t big enough.--Yes, I agree.It is _________.A.smallB.too smallC.enough small
17._________ any computers in your office?
A.Are thereB.Is thereC.Have there
18.I have two brothers.One is a driver, ____________ is a policeman.A.oneB.otherC.the other
19.– I don’t have tea in the morning.--Neither __________ I.A.haveB.doC.am
20.Mark is responsible _________ the international market.A.inB.forC.of
21.The IT Department is on the top floor.That’s ________ floor.A.twentyB.the twentiethC.the twenty
22.– Does ―a.m.‖ _________ afternoon?
--No, it ___________ morning.A.means, is meanB.means, is measC.mean, means
23.-I’m tired.-__________ taking a holiday?
A.What aboutB.Why don’t youC.Would you like
24.May aunt ___________ for her friends at home.A.enjoy cookingB.enjoys cookC.enjoys cooking
25.--_________ will the meal take?
--It’ll take two hours, I think.A.How manyB.How muchC.How long
第三部分 句型变换(共计15分,每小题3分)
26-30小题:根据括号里的提示改写下列句子,并将答案写在答题纸上。(共计15分,每小题3分)
26.She likes swimming.(改为一般疑问句)
27.He is talking to a customer.(改为一般疑问句)
28.My brother has a car.(改为否定句)用How old 对划线部分提问)用where 对划线部分提问)
第四部分阅读理解(20分,每小题2分)
31-35 题:阅读下列短文,并根据短文内容判断其后的句子是正确(Right),还是错误(Wrong),并在答题纸上写出所选的字母符号。
Xiaoyan: So, I’d like to come and see the flat.Franco: Yes, when is convenient? How about during the day? I usually work in the evening.Xiaoyan: Well, I work during the day, but perhaps in the afternoon?
Franco: Well, why don’t you come at about 5 o’clock?
Xiaoyan: That’s a good idea.Franco: Are you free on Thursday?
Xiaoyan: No, I’m afraid I’m not.We always have a meeting on Thursday.What about
Wednesday?
Franco: No, I’m sorry.I’m busy on Wednesday.I’m in Cambridge.Are you free on Friday? Xiaoyan: Yes, Friday is fine.Franco: Okay.See you on Friday at 5 o’clock at the flat.Xiaoyan: Thanks very much.Goodbye.Franco: Goodbye.31.Franco usually works during the day.A.RightB.Wrong
32.It is convenient for both of them to meet in the afternoon.A.RightB.Wrong
33.Xiaoyan is free on Wednesday.A.RightB.Wrong
34.Franco is not free on Wednesday because he has a meeting.A.RightB.Wrong
35.They are going to meet on Friday at the flat.A.RightB.Wrong
36-40题:阅读下列短文,从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个正确答案,并在答题纸上写出所选的字母符号。
Dear Mr.Jones,Thank you for replying to our advertisement in the Financial Times(金融时报)for the position of Website Development Manager at ABHK Bank.I am pleased to invite you for interview.Your interview is on Friday 19th September at 10.00 a.m.Please arrive 15 minutes before this time and go to Reception on the ground floor.A member of the ICT department will meet you at the lift on the fifth floor.We would like you to make a short presentation(10 minutes)of your web-designs and website management projects.We would also like you to present your ideas for a new website for ABHK Corporate Banking Customers in France.This part of the presentation is in French for all the candidates.Three members of the ICT Department will attend the interview.You can ask questions in the interview about at details relating to the position.After the interview there is a short meeting with the Human Resources Director(人力资源部主管)at 11.30 a.m.At this time you can ask questions related to the salary and contract.For your information there is a shortlist of four candidates, and we will make a decision before the 30th September.Thank you for your interest in the position.We look forward to meeting you on Friday.Yours sincerely,David Manning
Senior ICT Manager
36.What time should Mr.Jones arrive for the interview?
A.At 9.30 a.m.B.At 9.45 a.m.C.At 10.00 a.m.37.Who does he meet at the lift on the fifth floor?
A.A member of the ICT department.B.The Human Resources Director.C.The Senior ICT Manager.38.Which part of the interview is in French?
A.The project of web-designs.B.The project of website management.C.The presentation of the website ideas for the French company.39.How many members of the ICT Department are at the interview?
A.2B.3C.4
40.When does he know about the position?
A.Before the 30th September.B.On 30th the September.C.After the 30th September.第五部分翻译
41~45小题:将下列句子翻译成汉语,并将答案写在答题纸上。(共计15分,每小题3分)
41.Do you have next year’s calendar?
42.He wants to buy three packets of cigarettes.43.There are a lot of trainers in the evening in the gym.44.They sometimes lend their car to their parents.45.This flat is much more expensive than that flat.参考答案
1~5 A B A B A6~10 C C B C B11~15 C B B A A16~20 B A C B B
21~25 B C A C C
26.Does she like swimming?
27.Is he talking to a customer?
28.My brother doesn’t have a car.29.How old is the manager?
30.Where do they eat at lunchtime?
31~35 B A A B A36~40 B A C B A
41.你有明年的日历吗?
42.他想买三包香烟。
43.晚上健身中心有很多教练。
44.他们有时把车借给父母用。45.这套公寓比那套公寓贵多了。
第二篇:电大英语I模拟12年1月试题
电大英语I(2)模拟12年1月试题与答案 考试之前看一看真卷子到时候不晕场
中央广播电视大学 学第一学期“开放专科”期末考试
第一部分交际用语(共计10分,每小题2分)
1-5题:阅读下面的小对话,判断答语是否恰当,恰当的选A(Right),不恰当的选B 【Wrong).并将答案写在答题纸上。1.-Do you like your job? Two years ago.A.Right B.Wrong 3.-How do you like the film? About twice a week.A.Right B.Wrong 5.-You ordered some fish, didn't you? Jim Grundy.We need some evidence and I think this will be very good evidence, especially as your neighbour saw them leaving.1 will take some photographs and check for fingerprints.Don't touch anything, please.Then I-ll take a statement from you and your neighbour, if I may, please.Tim: Yes, that's fine.Please go ahead.I'U make a cup of tea.Do you want one? Police officer: Yes, please, sir.Two sugars, please.31.Mr Timson came downstairs because____.A.he heard some noise B.he wanted to leave his house C.he saw some strange men 32.Which of the following was NOT damaged? A.The window.B.The chair.C.The study door.33.Larry often steals things____.A.in the morning B.in the evening C.in the afternoon 34.The police will first _____....._____________一.
A.take some photos B.talk to the neighbour C.arrest Larry 35.The police officer would like to____.A.have a cup of coffee B.have a cup of tea with two spoons of sugar C.eat something sweet 36-40小题:阅读下列短文,根据短文内容判断其后的句子是正确(Right)还是错误(Wrong).并在答题纸上写出所选的字母符号。(共计10分,每小题2分)Tim: Hello.Where have you been? You look hot.Xiaoyan: Yes,I am.I've been to the tennis club.I've had a tennis lesson.Tim: How did you manage? Xiaoyan: Not too badly.I've never played tennis before.Tim: Don't you play tennis in China?, Xiaoyan: No.We don't play much.I've played table tennis a lot.I play quite well, but I've never tried tennis.Mary: Would you like a drink? Xiaoyan: Yes, please.Could I have a fruit juice, please? Have you eaten yet? Mary: No.We haven't.Xiaoyan: I had a sandwich before I played, but I'm very hungry now.I'd like to eat.Tim: Let's go to Franco~s.36.Xiaoyan has had a tennis lesson.A.Right B.Wrong 37.She has had a lesson at a tennis club.A.Right B.Wrong 38.She has played a lot of tennis in China.A.Right B.Wrong 39.She has eaten a hamburger before she played.A.Right B.Wrong 40.Mary and Tim haven't eaten yet.A.Right B.Wrong 第五部分翻译(共计15分,每小题3分)
41-45题:英译汉。将下列英文句子翻译成中文,并将答案写在答题纸上。41.Do you take after your mother or father? 42.He used to play basketball every Sunday.43.He studies in a umversity west of Beijing.44.When I finish travelling,I am going to get a job in a bank.45.One of the biggest sporting events in the world is the Olympic Games.试卷代号:2205 中央广播电视大学2011-2012学第一学期“开放专科”期末考试
英语工(2)试题答案及评分标准
(供参考)2012年1月
第一部分交际用语(共计10分,每题2分)1.B 2.A 3.A 4.A 5.B 第二部分词汇与结构(共计40分,每题2分)6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.A14.A 15.B 16.B 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.A 21.B 22.A 23.C 24.A 25.C 第三部分句型转换(共计15分,每小题3分)26.What did she forget about yesterday? 27.I'm tall and thin and so is my brother.28.She said she couldn't find her notebook.29.It was very hot but I couldn't open the window.30.His neighbour heard them damaging the flat.第四部分 阅读理解(共计20分,每题2分)31.A 32.B 33.C 34.A 35.B 36.A 37.A 38.B 39.B 40.A 第五部分翻译(共计15分,每题3分)41.你像你的母亲还是父亲? 42.他以前每个周日都打篮球。43.他在北京西郊的一所大学读书。
44.旅行结束后,我打算在银行找份工作做。45.奥运会是世界上规模最大的体育赛事之一。
第三篇:工科大学物理I模拟试题3
工科大学物理I模拟试题
3一.选择题(每题3分, 共30分)
1.在相对地面静止的坐标系内,A、B二船都以2 m/s速率匀速行驶,A船沿x轴正向,B船沿y轴正向.今在A船上设置与静止坐标系方向相同的坐标系(x、y方向单位矢量用i、j表示),那么在A船上的坐标系中,B船的速度(以m/s为单位)为 (A)2i+2j.(B)2i+2j.
(C)-2i-2j.(D)2i-2j.
[]
2.质量分别为mA和mB(mA>mB)、速度分别为vA和vB(vA> vB)的两质点A和B,受到相同的冲量作用,则
(A)A的动量增量的绝对值比B的小.
(B)A的动量增量的绝对值比B的大.
(C)A、B的动量增量相等.
(D)A、B的速度增量相等.
[]
3.质量为m的质点在外力作用下,其运动方程为rAcostiBsintj
式中A、B、都是正的常量.由此可知外力在t=0到t=/(2)这段时间内所作的功为(A)11m2(A2B2)(B)m2(B2A2)22
1222(C)m(AB)(D)m2(A2B2)2
[]
4.花样滑冰运动员绕通过自身的竖直轴转动,开始时两臂伸开,转动惯量为J0,角速度的大小为0.然后她将两臂收回,使转动惯量减少为
(A)1J0.这时她转动的角速度的大小变为310.(B)1/0.3
(C)0.(D)3 0.
[]
5.有一质量为M,半径为R,高为H的匀质圆柱体,通过与其侧面上的一条母线相重合的轴的转动惯量为:(通过圆柱体中心轴的转动惯量为(1/2)MR2)
(A)(1/4)MR2.(B)(3/2)MR2.
(C)(2/3)MR2.(D)(1/2)MR.
[]
6.已知电子的静能为0.51 MeV,若电子的动能为0.25 MeV,则它所增加的质量m与静止
质量m0的比值近似为
(A)0.1 .(B)0.2 .(C)0.5 .(D)0.9 .
[]
7.已知一高斯面所包围的体积内电荷代数和∑q=0,则可肯定:
(A)高斯面上各点场强均为零.
(B)穿过高斯面上每一面元的电场强度通量均为零.
(C)穿过整个高斯面的电场强度通量为零.
(D)以上说法都不对.
[]
8.一导体球外充满相对介电常量为r的均匀电介质,若测得导体表面附近场强为E,则导体
球面上的自由电荷面密度为
(A)0 E.(B)0 r E.
(C)r E.(D)(0 r-0)E.
[]
9.如图,流出纸面的电流为2I,流进纸面的电流为I,则下述各式中哪一个是正确的?
(A)
(C)HdlI.(D)
L3L1Hdl2I.(B)L2HdlIL4HdlI.4
[]
10.在感应电场中电磁感应定律可写成EKdl
Ld,式中EK为感应电场的电场强dt
度.此式表明:(A)闭合曲线L上EK处处相等.
(B)感应电场是保守力场.
(C)感应电场的电场强度线不是闭合曲线.
(D)在感应电场中不能像对静电场那样引入电势的概念.
[]
二.填空题(每题3分, 共30分)
1.一质点沿x方向运动,其加速度随时间变化关系为 a = 3+2 t(SI), 如果初始时质点的速
度v 0为5 m/s,则当t为3s时,质点的速度 v =.2.倾角为30°的一个斜面体放置在水平桌面上.一个质量为2 kg的物体沿斜面下滑,下滑的加速度为 3.0 m/s2.若此时斜面体静止在桌
面上不动,则斜面体与桌面间的静摩擦力大小f=____________.
3.如图所示,劲度系数为k的弹簧,一端固定在墙壁上,另
一端连一质量为m的物体,物体在坐标原点O时弹簧长度
为原长.物体与桌面间的摩擦系数为.若物体在不变的外
力F作用下向右移动,则物体到达最远位置时系统的弹性势
能EP=_________________________.
4.定轴转动刚体的角动量(动量矩)定理的内容是_____________,其数学表达式可写成________________________
_________________________.
动量矩守恒的条件是________________________________________________.
5.牛郎星距离地球约16光年,宇宙飞船若以________________的匀速率飞行,将用4年的时间(宇宙飞船上的钟指示的时间)抵达牛郎星.
6.描述静电场的两个基本物理量是______________;它们的定义式是
和__________________________________________.
7.一平行板电容器,充电后与电源保持联接,然后使两极板间充满相对介电常量为r的各
向同性均匀电介质,这时两极板上的电荷是原来的______倍;电场强度大小是原来的_________倍;电场能量是原来的_________倍.
8.边长为2a的等边三角形线圈,通有电流I,则线圈中心处的磁感强度的大小为________________.
9.一带电粒子平行磁感线射入匀强磁场,则它作________________运动.
一带电粒子垂直磁感线射入匀强磁场,则它作________________运动.
一带电粒子与磁感线成任意交角射入匀强磁场,则它作______________运动.10.一平行板空气电容器的两极板都是半径为R的圆形导体片,在充电时,板间电场强度的变化率为dE/dt.若略去边缘效应,则两板间的位移电流为_______________________.
三.计算题(每题10分, 共40分)
1.一辆水平运动的装煤车,以速率v0从煤斗下面通过,每单位时间内有质量为m0的煤卸入煤车.如果煤车的速率保持不变,煤车与钢轨间摩擦忽略不计,试求:
(1)牵引煤车的力的大小;
(2)牵引煤车所需功率的大小;
(3)牵引煤车所提供的能量中有多少转化为煤的动能?其余部分用于何处?
2.带电细线弯成半径为R的半圆形,电荷线密度为=0sin,式
中0为一常数,为半径R与x轴所成的夹角,如图所示.试求环
心O处的电场强度.
3.如图所示,一半径为R的均匀带电无限长直圆筒,面电荷密度为.该筒以角速度绕其轴线匀速旋转.试求圆筒内部的磁感强度.
4.如图所示,有一弯成角的金属架COD放在磁场中,磁感强度B的方向垂直于金属架COD所在平面.一导体杆MN垂直于v与MN垂直.OD边,并在金属架上以恒定速度v向右滑动,设t =0时,x = 0.求下列两情形,框架内的感应电动势i.(1)磁场分布均匀,且B不随时间改变.(2)非均匀的时变磁场BKxcost.(K,为常数)
第四篇:工科大学物理I模拟试题2
工科大学物理I模拟试题
2一、选择题(将正确答案的字母填在空格内,每小题3分,共30分)
1.质量为m的质点,以不变速率v沿图中正三角形ABC的水平
光滑轨道运动.质点越过A角时,轨道作用于质点的冲量的大
小为
(A)mv(B)mv
(C)3mv(D)2mv
[]
2.质量为m的一艘宇宙飞船关闭发动机返回地球时,可认为该飞船只在地球的引力场中运动.已知地球质量为M,万有引力恒量为G,则当它从距地球中心R1处下降到R2处时,飞船增加的动能应等于
(A)GMm
(C)GMm
R2R1R2R1R2(B)GMmGMmR22R1R2R1R222(D)
[]
3.图示为一具有球对称性分布的静电场的E~r关系曲线.请指出该静电场是由下列哪种带电体产生的.
(A)半径为R的均匀带电球面.E(B)半径为R的均匀带电球体.(C)半径为R的、电荷体密度为=Ar(A为常数)的非
均匀带电球体.(D)半径为R的、电荷体密度为=A/r(A为常数)的非
均匀带电球体.[]
4.如图所示,直线MN长为2l,弧OCD是以N点为中
心,l为半径的半圆弧,N点有正电荷+q,M点有负电-荷-q.今将一试验电荷+q0从O点出发沿路径OCDP移 到无穷远处,设无穷远处电势为零,则电场力作功
(A)A<0 , 且为有限常量.(B)A>0 ,且为有限常量.
(C)A=∞.(D)A=0.
[]
5.关于稳恒电流磁场的磁场强度H,下列几种说法中哪个是正确的?
(A)H仅与传导电流有关.
(B)若闭合曲线内没有包围传导电流,则曲线上各点的H必为零.
(C)以闭合曲线L为边缘的任意曲面的H通量均相等.
(D)若闭合曲线上各点H均为零,则该曲线所包围传导电流的代数和为零. []
6.三条无限长直导线等距地并排安放,导线Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ分别载有1 A,Ⅰ2 A,3 A同方向的电流.由于磁相互作用的结果,导线Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ单
位长度上分别受力F1、F2和F3,如图所示.则F1与F2的比值是:1 A(A)7/16(B)5/8
(C)7/8(D)5/
4[]
7.如图所示,一矩形金属线框,以速度v从无场空间进入一 均匀磁场中,然后又从磁场中出来,到无场空间中.不计线圈的自感,下面哪一条图线正确地表示了线圈中的感应电流
对时间的函数关系?(从线圈刚进入磁场时刻开始计时,I以顺时针方向为正)
Ⅱ2 A2Ⅲ3 A
I(C)
OI(D)O
[]
8.两个通有电流的平面圆线圈相距不远,如果要使其互感系数近似为零,则应调整线圈的取向使
(A)两线圈平面都平行于两圆心连线.
(B)两线圈平面都垂直于两圆心连线.
(C)一个线圈平面平行于两圆心连线,另一个线圈平面垂直于两圆心连线.
(D)两线圈中电流方向相反.
[
]
9.两根很长的平行直导线,其间距离为a,与电源组成闭合回路,如图.已
知导线上的电流为I,在保持I不变的情况下,若将导线间的距离增大,则
空间的(A)总磁能将增大.(B)总磁能将减少.
(C)总磁能将保持不变.(D)总磁能的变化不能确定.[]
B的10.在圆柱形空间内有一磁感强度为B的均匀磁场,如图所示,大小以速率dB/dt变化.有一长度为l0的金属棒先后放在磁场的两个不同位置1(ab)和2(a'b'),则金属棒在这两个位置时棒内的感应电动势的大小关系为
(A)2=1≠0(B)2>
1(C)2< 1(D)2=1=0
[]
二、填空题(将最简结果填在空格内;每题3分,共30分)
1.一质点作半径为 0.1 m的圆周运动,其角位置的运动学方程为:则其切向加速度为at=_________________.
π41
2t(SI)
2.一圆锥摆摆长为l、摆锤质量为m,在水平面上作匀速圆周运动,摆线与铅直线夹角,则
(1)
摆线的张力T=_____________________;
(2)摆锤的速率v=_____________________.
3.哈雷慧星绕太阳的轨道是以太阳为一个焦点的椭圆.它离太阳最近
10的距离是r1=8.75×10m,此时它的速率是v1=5.46×104 m/s.它离太阳最远时的速率是
v2=9.08×102 m/s,这时它离太阳的距离是r2=__________________.
4.如图所示,一斜面倾角为,用与斜面成角的恒力F将一质量为m的物体沿斜面拉升了高度h,物体与斜面间的摩擦系数为.摩擦力在此
过程中所作的功Wf=________________________.
5.一个质量为m的质点,沿x轴作直线运动,受到的作用力为FF0cost i(SI),t = 0
时刻,质点的位置坐标为x0,初速度v00.则质点的位置坐标和时间的关系式是
x =______________________________________
6.在一以匀速v行驶、质量为M的(不含船上抛出的质量)船上,分别向前和向后同时水平抛出两个质量相等(均为m)物体,抛出时两物体相对于船的速率相同(均为u),船前进的速度
变为v.试写出该过程中船与物这个系统动量守恒定律的表达式(以地为参考系)
____________________________________________________________________________.
7.一质量为m,电荷为q的粒子在场强为E的匀强电场中运动.已知其初速度v0与E方
向不同,若重力忽略不计,则该粒子的运动轨迹曲线是一条____________线.
8.反映电磁场基本性质和规律的积分形式的麦克斯韦方程组为
S
DdS
V
dV,①
Bt
dS,②
S
BdS0,③
L
Edl
S
L
Hdl
D
(Jt)dS.④S
试判断下列结论是包含于或等效于哪一个麦克斯韦方程式的.将你确定的方程式用代号填在相应结论后的空白处.
(1)变化的磁场一定伴随有电场;__________________
(2)磁感线是无头无尾的;________________________
(3)电荷总伴随有电场.__________________________
9.有一速度为u的宇宙飞船沿x轴正方向飞行,飞船头尾各有一个脉冲光源在工作,处于
船尾的观察者测得船头光源发出的光脉冲的传播速度大小为____________;处于船头的观察
者测得船尾光源发出的光脉冲的传播速度大小为____________.
-子是一种基本粒子,在相对于子静止的坐标系中测得其寿命为0 =2×106 s.如果子相对于地球的速度为v0.988c(c为真空中光速),则在地球坐标系中测出的子的寿命
=____________________.
三、计算题(共40分)
1.(本题10分)物体A和B叠放在水平桌面上,由跨过定滑
轮的轻质细绳相互连接,如图所示.今用大小为F的水平力拉A.设A、B和滑轮的质量都为m,滑轮的半径为R,对轴的转动惯量J=
2
mR.AB之间、A与桌面之间、滑轮与其轴之间的摩擦都可以忽略不
计,绳与滑轮之间无相对的滑动且绳不可伸长.已知F=10 N,m=8.0 kg,R=0.050 m.求:(1)滑轮的角加速度;(2)物体A与滑轮之间的绳中的张力;(3)物体B与滑轮之间的绳中的张力.
2.(本题5分)如图所示,传送带以3 m/s的速率水平向右运动,砂子从高h=0.8 m处落到传送带上,即随之一起运动.求传送带给砂子的作用力的方向.(g取10 m/s2)
3.(本题10分)“无限长”均匀带电的半圆柱面,半径为R,设半圆柱面沿轴线OO'单位长度上的电荷为,试求轴线上一点的电场强度.
4.(本题10分)横截面为矩形的环形螺线管,圆环内外半径分别为R1和R2,芯子材料的磁导率为,导线总匝数为N,绕得很密,若线圈通电流I,求.
(1)芯子中的B值和芯子截面的磁通量.(2)在r < R1和r > R2处的B值.
5.(本题5分)一电子以v0.99c(c为真空中光速)的速率运动.试求:
(1)电子的总能量是多少?
-(2)电子的经典力学的动能与相对论动能之比是多少?(电子静止质量me=9.11×1031 kg)
第五篇:工科大学物理I模拟试题1
工科大学物理I模拟试题
1一、选择题(将正确答案的字母填在空格内,每小题3分,共30分)
1.质点沿半径为R的圆周作匀速率运动,每T秒转一圈.在2T时间间隔中,其平均速度
大小与平均速率大小分别为
(A)2R/T , 2R/T.(B)2R/T , 0.
(C)0 , 2R/T.(D)0 , 0.
[]
2.一竖直悬挂的轻弹簧下系一小球,平衡时弹簧伸长量为d.现用手将小球托住,使弹簧
不伸长,然后将其释放,不计一切摩擦,则弹簧的最大伸长量
(A)为2d.(B)为2d.
(C)为d.(D)条件不足无法判定.
[]
3.站在电梯内的一个人,看到用细线连结的质量不同的两个物体跨过电梯内的一个无摩擦的定滑轮而处于“平衡”状态.由此,他断定电梯作加速运动,其加速度为
(A)大小为g,方向向上.(B)大小为g,方向向下.
(C)大小为11g,方向向上.(D)大小为g,方向向下. 2
2[]
4.如图所示,置于水平光滑桌面上质量分别为m1和m2的物体A和B之间夹有一轻弹簧.首先用双手挤压A和B使弹簧处于压缩
状态,然后撤掉外力,则在A和B被弹开的过程中
(A)系统的动量守恒,机械能不守恒.
(B)系统的动量不守恒,机械能守恒.
(C)系统的动量守恒,机械能守恒.
(D)系统的动量与机械能都不守恒.
[]
5.图中所示曲线表示球对称或轴对称静电场的某一物理量随径向距 离r变化的关系,请指出该曲线可描述下列哪方面内容(E为电场强度的大小,U为电势):
(A)半径为R的无限长均匀带电圆柱体电场的E~r关系.
(B)半径为R的无限长均匀带电圆柱面电场的E~r关系.(C)半径为R的均匀带正电球体电场的U~r关系.
(D)半径为R的均匀带正电球面电场的U ~r关系.
[]
6.如图所示,两个同心的均匀带电球面,内球面半径为R1、带有
电荷Q1 , 外球面半径为R2、带有电荷Q2,则在内球面里面、距离
球心为r处的P点的场强大小E为:
Q1Q2QQ2(A)
1.(B)
22
240R140R240r
Q1
(C).(D)0. 2
40r
[]
7.在点电荷+q的电场中,若取图中P点处为电势零点,则M点的电势为
.(B).
80a80aqq(C).(D).
40a40a
(A)
[]
8.无限长直导线在P处弯成半径为R的圆,当通以电流I时,则在圆心O点的磁感强度大小等于
0I0I(A).(B).
2RR(C)
0I
I11
(1).(D)0(1). 2R2R
[] 9.将形状完全相同的铜环和木环静止放置,并使通过两环面的磁通量随时间的变化率相等,则不计自感时
(A)铜环中有感应电动势,木环中无感应电动势.(B)铜环中感应电动势大,木环中感应电动势小.(C)铜环中感应电动势小,木环中感应电动势大.
(D)两环中感应电动势相等.
[]
10.K系与K'系是坐标轴相互平行的两个惯性系,K'系相对于K系沿Ox轴正方向匀速运动.一根刚性尺静止在K'系中,与O'x'轴成 30°角.今在K系中观测得该尺与Ox轴成 45°角,则K'系相对于K系的速度是:
(A)(2/3)c.(B)(1/3)c.
(C)(2/3)1/2c.(D)(1/3)1/2c.
[]
二、填空题(将最简结果填在空格内;每题3分,共30分)
1.一物体悬挂在弹簧上,在竖直方向上振动,其振动方程为y = Asint,其中A、均为常量,则
(1)物体的速度与时间的函数关系式为________________________;
(2)物体的速度与坐标的函数关系式为________________________.
2.一物体质量M=2 kg,在合外力F(32t)i(SI)的作用下,从静止开始运动,式中i
为方向一定的单位矢量, 则当t=1 s时物体的速度v1=__________.
3.如图所示,钢球A和B质量相等,正被绳牵着以4 rad/s的角速度绕竖直轴转动,二球与轴的距离都为r1=15 cm.现在把轴上环C下移,使得两球离轴的距离缩减为r2=5 cm.则钢球的角速度__________.
4.已知地球质量为M,半径为R.一质量为m的火箭从地面上升到距地面高度为2R处.在此过程中,地球引力对火箭作的功为_____________________.
-5.在静电场中,一质子(带电荷e=1.6×1019 C)沿四分之一的圆弧轨
-道从A点移到B点(如图),电场力作功8.0×1015 J.则当质子沿四分之三的圆弧轨道从B点回到A点时,电场力作功
A
A=____________________.设A点电势为零,则B点电
势U=____________________.6.在阴极射线管的上方平行管轴方向上放置一长直载流导线,电流方向如图所示,那么射线应____________偏转.
(填写 向上、向下、不)
7.有一根质量为m,长为l的直导线,放在磁感强度为 B的均匀磁场中,
B的方向垂直纸面向里,导线水平放置,电流方向如图所示,当导线所
受磁力与重力平衡时,导线中电流I =___________________.
I
B
8.在xy平面内,有两根互相绝缘,分别通有电流I和I的长直导线.设两根导线互相垂直(如图),则在xy平面内,磁感强度为零的点的轨迹方程为_________________________.9.一无铁芯的长直螺线管,在保持其半径和总匝数不变的情况下,把螺线管拉长一些,则
它的自感系数将____________________.(填写 增大、减小、不变)
10.已知惯性系S'相对于惯性系S系以 0.5 c的匀速度沿x轴的负方向运动,若从S'系的坐标原点O'沿x轴正方向发出一光波,则S系中测得此光波在真空中的波速为
____________________________________.
三、计算题(共40分)
1.(本题10分)一轻绳跨过两个质量均为m、半径均为r的均匀圆盘状定滑轮,绳的两端分别挂着质量为m和2m的重物,如图所示.绳与滑轮间无相对滑动,滑轮轴光滑.两个
定滑轮的转动惯量均为mr.将由两个定滑轮以及质量为
m和2m的重物组成的系统从静止释放,求两滑轮之间绳内的张力.
2.(本题10分)
电荷线密度为的“无限长”均匀带电细线,弯成图示形状.若半圆弧的半径为R,试求圆心O点的场强.
3.(本题10分)两个半径分别为R和r的同轴圆形线圈相距x,且R >>r,x >>R.若大线圈通有电流I而小线圈沿x轴方向以速率v运动,试求小线圈回路中产生的感应电动势的大小.
∞
∞
4.(本题10分)某一宇宙射线中的介子的动能EK =7M0 c2,其中M0是介子的静止质量.试求在实验室中观察到它的寿命是它的固有寿命的多少倍.