第一篇:日本蜡烛图用法小结
日本蜡烛图用法小结
K线图起源于日本德川幕府时代,由日本大米商人本间宗久(MUNEHISA HOMMA)发明,因此 又称为日本式蜡烛图(Japanese Candles)。经过两百年的历史演变,今天K线图被广泛用于汇市、股市分析中。
技术大师瞪大眼晴盯着价格的涨落,为的是及早发现市场的心理变化和趋势变化的警告信号。反转价格形态就是这样的技术线索。在西方技术分析理论中,反转信号包括双重顶、双重底、反转日、头肩形、岛形反转顶和岛形反转底等。
然而,从一定意义上来说,“反转形态”这一术语的用词是不准确的。它往往使人误以为现有趋势将会突兀的结束,立即反转为新的趋势。实际上,这样的情况很少发生。趋势的逆转,一般是伴随着市场心理的逐渐改变进行的。通常需要经过缓慢地、分阶段的演变过程。
确切地说,趋势反转信号的出现,意味着之前的趋势可能发生变化。但是市场并不一定就此逆转到相反的方向上。它可能出现的结果有三种情况:第一种:震荡后反向;第二种震荡后同向;第三种:直接反向。到底会出现那一种情况,要根据观察和分析做出判断。
只有傻瓜才会匆匆进入,无论何时对于信号都需进一步确认。
在蜡烛图分析技术中,通常不采用时间单位短于30分钟的日内图表。
一、单个蜡烛所孕含的信息
1、十字线:
对于十字线首先要指出的是:只要在一个市场不经常出现十字线的条件下,十字线才具有重要意义。
十字线在构成底部反转信号时比构成顶部反转信号时需要更多的佐证。(1)人力车十字线(长引十字线):它是长蜡烛十字线,主体在中间。十字线意味着谨慎,是不确定性的信号,这时应减少头寸。如果你能确定是在市场的低部或顶部,十字线就尤其有意义。人力车十字线仅仅意味着犹豫不决状态,趋势可随时会发生反转或进行盘整。
(2)坟墓石十字线(墓碑十字线):只有人力车十字线的上半部分。如果它出现在市场的顶部,则表明犹豫不决状态越来越明确了。该十字线是价格持平的结果,但它只是在当前时段看涨时形成。
(3)蜻蜓十字线:在市场的底部出现的倒坟墓石十字线(只有人力车十字线的下半部分)叫蜻蜓十字线。蜻蜓十字线意味着价格趋势的反转,价格会改变运动方向。
2、锤子线和上吊线
锤子线和上吊线有的特征:
(1)它们的下影线较长,而实体较小,下影线是实体的2倍以上,实体处在蜡烛的顶端,无上影线或上影线很小。实体的颜色无关紧要。
(2)当它处在相对低位是叫锤子线,在相对高位时叫上
吊线。
(3)锤子线和上吊线只是反转信号,市场的趋势还要由其它信号进一步确实。
(4)上吊线看跌的确认信号:
①上吊线的实体与下一个蜡烛的的开盘价之间的缺口较大;
②上吊线之后出现了一个下跌的蜡烛并且它的收盘价低于上吊线的收盘价; ③上吊线之后是一个坟墓石十字线。(5)锤子线看涨的确认信号:
① 在锤子线之后出现了一个上涨的蜡烛并且它的收盘价高于锤子线的收盘价;② 在锤子线之后出现了一个蜻蜓十字线。(6)
3、射击之星和倒转锤星线
4、高脖线:
主体较小,引线较长的蜡烛叫高脖线。出现一组高脖线是趋势发生反转的强烈信号。高脖线出现后,它的引线一般是靠在支撑位附近,价格根本就无法冲破。当价格接近支撑位时,又立刻反弹了回去。那么后来价格的走向就可想而知了。
二、两根蜡烛所孕含的信息
1、包容形态(吞没形态)
吞没形态是由两根颜色相反的蜡烛实体构所,它分为看涨的吞没形态和看跌的吞没形态。
吞没形态有三条判别标准:
(1)在吞没形态之前,市场必须处在一个清晰可辨的上升趋势或下降趋势中;(2)吞没形态是由两根颜色相反的蜡烛实体构所,其中第二个蜡烛必须完全覆盖第一个蜡烛的实体(但不一定要覆盖前一个蜡烛的上影线或下影线);
(3)吞没形态是由两根蜡烛必须颜色相反(但有例外,前一个蜡烛的实体很小,接近于十字线)
如果吞没形态具有如下特征,那么它们构成重要的反转信号的可能性将大大地增强:(1)在吞没形态中,第一个实体非常小,第二个实体非常大。这种情况可能说明原有趋势的驱动力正在消退,而新的趋势的潜在力量正在壮大。
(2)吞没形态出现在超长期的或非常急剧的市场运动之后。
(3)在吞没形态中,第二个实体伴有超额的交易量,这种情况可能属于胀爆现象。(4)在吞没形态中,第二个实体向前吞没的实体不止一个。
2、乌云盖顶
乌云盖顶这种形态也是由两根蜡烛线组成的,属于顶部反转形态。它们一般出现在上升趋势之后,在有些情况下也可能出现在水平调整区间的顶部。在这一形态中,第一天是一根坚挺的白色(上涨)实体;第二天的开市价超过了第一天的最高价(这就是说超过了第一天的上影线的顶端),但是,市场却收市在接近当日的最低价的水平,并且收市价明显地向下扎入到第一天白色实体的内部。第二天的黑色(下跌)实体向下穿进第一天的白色实体的程度越深,则该形态构成顶部反转过程的可能性就越大。有些日本技术分析师要求,第二
天黑色实体的收市价必须向下穿过前一天白色实体的50%。如果黑色实体的收市价没有向下穿过白色蜡烛线的中点,那么,当这类乌云盖须形态发生后,或许我们最好等一等,看看是否还有进一步的看跌验证信号。
下面列出了一些参考性因素,如果乌云盖顶形态具有这样的特征,则有助于增强其技术分量:
1、在乌云盖顶形态中,黑色实体的收市价向下穿入前一个白色实体的程度越深则该形态构成市场顶部的机会越大。如果黑色实体覆盖了前一天的整个白色实体,那就形成了看跌吞没形态。在乌云盖顶形态中,黑色实体仅仅向下覆盖了白色实体的一部分。我们不妨把乌云盖顶形态比作日偏食,在这种情况下,月亮只遮住了太阳的一部分(换句话说,覆盖了部分白色实体)。那么,看跌吞没形态就成了日全食,在这的情况下,月亮遮住了太阳的全部(也就是说,覆盖了整个白色实体)。从这一点上说,作为顶部反转信号,看跌吞没形态比乌云盖顶形态具有更重要的技术意义。如果在乌云盖顶形态之后,或者在看跌吞没形态之后,出现了一根长长的白色实体,而且其收市价超过了这两种形态的最高价,那么这可能预示着新一轮上冲行情的到来。
2、乌云盖顶形态发生在一个超长期的上升趋势中,它的第一天是一根坚挺的白色实体,其开市价就是最低价(就是说,是秃脚的),而且其收市价就是最高价(就是说,是秃头的);它的第二天是一根长长的黑色实体,其开市价位于最高价,而旦收市价位于最低价(这是一个秃头秃脚黑色蜡烛线)。
3、在乌云盖顶形态中,如果第二个实体(即黑色的实体)的开市价高于某个重要的阻挡水平,但是市场未能成功地坚守住,那么可能证明牛方已经无力控制市场了。
4、如果在第二天开市的时候,市场的交易量非常大,那么这里就可能发生胀爆现象。具体说来,当日开市价创出了新高。而且开市时的成交量极重,可能意味着很多新买家终于下决心入市,踏上了牛市的“船”。随后,市场却发生了抛售行情。那么,很可能用不了太久,这群人数众多的新多头(还有那些早已在上升趋势中坐了轿子的老多头)就会认识到,他们上的这条船原来是“泰坦尼克”号。对期货交易商来说,极高的持仓量也是一种警告信号。
3、刺透形态 三、三根蜡烛所孕含的信息
持续形态
绝大多数蜡烛图信号属于趋势反转信号,不过还有一群蜡烛图形态构成持续性技术指标。常见的持续形态有窗口、上升三法、下降三法和白色三兵(三阳线)形态。
一、窗口
1、窗口的概念: 窗口:所谓的窗口就是指前一根蜡烛线的端点与后根蜡烛线的端点之间存在着一个价格缺口。
2、窗口所含信息:
根据日本分析师的观点,市场参与者应顺着窗口形成的方向建立头寸。同时窗口还将演化为支撑区或阻挡区。因此,在上涨行情中,如果出现了一个窗口,则意味着价格将进一步上升。并且,今后市场向下回撤时,这个窗口将开成其底部支撑水平。如果市场在向下回撤时关闭了这个窗口,并且在窗口关闭后,市场的抛售压力依然存在,那么先前 的上升趋势就不复成立了。类似地,在下跌的价格环境中,如果出现了一个窗口,则意味着市场还将进一步下降。此后形成的任何向上价格反弹都会在这个窗口处遭遇阻挡。如果该窗口被关闭,并且在窗口关闭后,上涨行情继续发展,那么原来的下降趋势就完结了。
传统的日本技术分析理论(也就是蜡烛图技术)确信:当一个窗口形成后,如果市场开始调整,那么价格将回到该窗口处。
向上跳空和向下跳空并列阴阳线形态 高价位和低价位跳空突破形态 跳空并列白色蜡烛线形态
二、上升三法和下降三法形态 所谓的三法形态,包括看涨的上升三法以及看跌的下降三法。这两类形态均属于持续形态。
1、上升三法
上升三法的判别标准包括以下三个方面: 第一:首先出现的是一根长长的白色蜡烛线。
第二:在这根白色蜡烛线之后,紧跟着一群依次小实蜡烛线(可以是白色,也可以是黑色的)。这群小实体蜡烛线的理想的数目是3根,但是如果比3根再多1、2根也是可以接受的。条件是:这些蜡烛线基本上都局限在前面那根长长的白色蜡烛线的价格范围之内。第三:最后一天是一根坚挺的白色实体蜡烛线,并且它的收市价高于第一天的收市价,它的开盘价高于前一天的收盘价,
第二篇:it用法小结
小结(2008-12-08 15:57:31)
标签:教育
It用法小结
it在英语语法中属人称代词,意思是“它”,用来指人以外的一切生物和事物。它的用法不仅不简单,而且很复杂。
一、用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情。
一般指说话者心目中已经了解或所指的生物、无生命的东西或事情、没有性别的区分;可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词,在句子中既可做主语,也可以作宾语。
1.指动物和植物。如:
—Oh,that's Lucy's hat.噢,那是露茜的帽子。
—It looks like a cat!它看上去像只猫!
Where's tea grown?It's grown in the southeast of China.
什么地方种植茶?中国东南部种植茶。
2.指代一些无生命的东西。如:
Is it your watch?这是你的手表吗?
Look at the rain!It's heavy,isn't it?看这雨!雨很大,对吗?
3.代替上文提到过的整个事情。如:
Well,you mustn't play on the road.It's dangerous.哦,你不能在公路上玩。这太危险了!It was hard work,but they really enjoyed it.摘苹果是艰苦活,可他们都乐意去干(它)。
二、用于指代人。
1.指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人,常在打电话或敲门时用。如:
—Who was it?是谁(打来的电话)?
—Was it Susan?(打电话的)是苏珊吗?
—Yes,it was.是的,我是。(根据上下句,“it was”也可不译出来。)
再如:—Who is knocking at the door?谁在敲门?
—It's me.是我。
2.指说话者心目中的那个人。如:
—Is it your sister,Kate?(那旧照片上的 baby)是你姐姐凯特吧?
—No!不是。
—Is it your brother?是你哥哥吧?
—No!不是。
—I know—it's you!我知道了,(那)是你。
3.指代性别不详的婴幼儿或在不计较性别时,也可用it来指人。如
The child smiled when it saw its mother.这小孩一见到母亲就笑了。
I don't know who it is.我不知道他是谁。
注意:看到这样的句子(或听到这样的话)时,要想一想,不要一看到it就把它译成“它”。)
4.在回答用指示代词表示人的特殊问句时,常用it指人。如:
—Who's that?那人是谁?
—Is it Kate?是凯特吗?
—Yes,I think you're right.It's Kate.是的,我想你说对了,是凯特。
三、用于指时间、距离和自然现象等。
1.表示时间。如:
—What time is it?几点钟?
—It's ten.十点钟。
It's summer in Australia now.现在澳大利亚是夏天。
特别注意it用于表示时间时还常见于以下两个句型中:
(1)It's time(for sb.)to do sth./It's time for sth.译为“是(某人)该干„„的时间了”、“到„„的时候了”。如:
It's time for supper/to have supper.是吃晚饭的时候了。
I think it's time for us to start the lesson now.我想现在是我们开始上课的时候了。
(2)It is /has been +时间段+since +一般过去时。译为“自从„„以来已过了„„(时间)”。此结构可以与另一种句型进行同义句转换。如:
It has been two weeks since we met last.= Two weeks has passed since we met last.自从我们上次相遇以来,两个星期过去了。
It's three years since he came here.=It has been three years since he came here.=He has been here for three years.他到这里已经三年了。
2.表示距离。如:
It's half an hour's walk from my home to the school.从我家到学校步行得花半小时时间。—Where's the farm,Li Lei?Is it far?李雷,农场在哪里?远吗?
—No,it's quite near.不,(距)离这很近。
3.表示自然现象。如:
Sometimes it snows and the land is all white.有时下雪,大地一片白。
It is very quiet here at the moment.眼下这儿很安静。
四、用作形式主语。
英语中常常见到某个句子以it开头,it与其后面的动词不定式短语、动名词短语、名词性从句等相呼应,以表达一个完整的意义。这是一种习惯表达法,这样的句式可避免句子显得头重脚轻。
1.It+is/was+形容词+(for/of sb.)+动词不定式短语。对于这个句型中究竟用 for还是用of,一般遵循这样的规则:如果形容词仅仅是描述事物的形容词,如:difficult,easy,hard,important,dangerous等用for;如果形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的,如:kind,good,nice,clever等则用of。如:
It is interesting to play with snow in winter.冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。
It's important for us to keep the water clean.保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。It's very kind of you to say so.你这样说真是太好了。
注意:这一句式中的形容词位置也可换用名词;连系动词be也可换用其它连系动词,如feel等。如:
It's a good habit to get up early and go to bed early.早睡早起是好习惯。
It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship.乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。It feels strange to have a twin sister.有个孪生姐妹感觉很奇怪。
2.It +will be/is /was +形容词+动名词短语。如:
It's bad playing in the street.在街上玩是没好处的。
Is it any good trying again?再试一次有用吗?
3.It+is/was+形容词+从句。如:
It is certain that he will come.他一定会来。
It's true that he may fall behind the other students.他真的可能落后于其他同学。
It is strange that he should say so.他居然这么说,真是奇怪。
4.It +is /was +one's turn(duty,pleasure)+to do sth.意为“该轮到某人做某事(做某事是某人的责任、愉悦的事)”。如:
It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow.明天轮到你值日了。
5.It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.意为“(某人)花„„时间做某事”。如
It took me a week to finish reading the book.我花了一周时间看完这本书。
6.It +cost/costs +sb.+some money +to do sth.译为“某人花多少钱做某事”。如:It cost me 260 yuan to buy the new watch.我买这块新手表花了260元。
7.It seems /seemed +从句。译为“看起来好像„„”,此结构可以转换成“seem +动词不定式”形式。如:
It seems that he is ill.=He seems to be ill.看起来他好像病了。
[原题再现]
①________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It
② In fact________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it
答案: ① D ② D
五、用作形式宾语。
当句子的真正宾语是动词不定式、动名词或从句时,为避免句子头重脚轻,须将其放在宾语补足语之后,改用先行词it占据其原来的位置。it用作形式宾语的句型为:主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语+动词不定式/动名词/从句。该句型中宾语补足语可由形容词、名词等充当。如:
He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well.他发现学好一门外语是不容易的。We think it no good reading in bed.我们认为躺在床上看书无益处。
I think it necessary that we have the meeting.我认为开这个会是必要的。
[原题再现]
Don't ________that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A.take as grantedB.take this for granted
C.take that for grantedD.take it for granted
答案: D
六.构成强调句。
如:
It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning.今天早晨,就是在街上我看见李明。
[原题再现]
________was in 1979________I graduated from university.A.That;that B.It;that C.That;when D.It;when
答案: B
七.构成特殊句式。如:
It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow.【练习】
(1)There is a photo on the wall.____ the photo of Lei Feng.A.It B.Its C.It's D.He(高考,1980)
(2)Is_necessary to tell his father everything?
A.it B.that C.what D.he(MET1987)
(3)Is_possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
A.now B.man C.that D.it
(4)I consider____ my duty to help you.
A.it B.this C.that D.its
(5).It was at four o'clock in the afternoon ____ he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan.A.while B.that C.when D.as
答案:(1)C(2)A(3)D(4)A(5)B
(6).I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(2004全国I)
A.this B.that C.it D.one
(7).-Do you like ___ here?
-Oh,yes.The air,the weather,the way of life.Everything is so nice.(2004全国II)
A.this B.these C.that D.it
(8).The Parkers bought a new house but ____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.which
(9).I hate___ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.these D.them
(10).Joan had often heard____ said that Marley had no money.A.it B.this C.that D.one
答案:C D B A A
八、it, one和that作替代词的用法及区别
it, one和that虽然都可以用来替代前面所提到的一个单数名词,以避免重复,但在具体用法上却有不同。简述如下:
1.it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。
[原题再现]
The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ______?
A.did theyB.didn't theyC.did itD.didn't it
答案: D
2.one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。
[原题再现]
-Why don't we have a little break?
-Didn't we just have________?
A.it B.that C.one D.this
答案: C
3.that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名
词,要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。
[原题再现]
Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.A.someB.anyC.thatD.those
答案: C
高考“it”的用法英语题
历届高考英语单项选择题精选
(一)“it”的用法
1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?
A.thatB.while
C.in whichD.then(88)
2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A.thisB.that
C.itD.he(89)
3.I don
t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.thisB.that
C.itsD.it(91)
4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A.thisB.that
C.heD.it(91)
5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when , thatB.until , that
C.until , thatD.when , then(92)
6.I was disappointed with the film.I had expected ______ to be much better.A.thatB.this
C.oneD.it(93)
7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.A.whileB.which
C.thatD.since(94)
8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.ThereB.This
C.ThatD.It(95)
9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.A.untilB.that
C.thenD.so(97)
10.I hate _____ when people talk with their mouths full.A.itB.that
C.theseD.them(98)
11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.oneB.that
C.whatD.it(2000)
KEYS:1-5 ACDDB6-10 DCDBA11 B ’
第三篇:with用法小结
with用法小结
一、with表拥有某物
Mary married a man with a lot of money.马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。
I often dream of a big house with a nice garden.我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。
二、with表用某种工具或手段
I cut the apple with a sharp knife.我用一把锋利的刀削平果。
Tom drew the picture with a pencil.汤母用铅笔画画。
三、with表人与人之间的协同关系
make friends with sb
talk with sb
quarrel with sb与……吵架
fight with sb与……打架
play with sb
work with sb years since we worked with each other, and I have never quarreled with him.自从我们一起工作以来,我和汤姆已经是十年的朋友了,我们从没有吵过架。
四、with 表原因或理由.这种语义的with多半与表示情绪的词连用.John was in bed with high fever.约翰因发烧卧床。
He jumped up with joy.他因高兴跳起来。
Father is often excited with wine.父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。
五、with 表“带来”,或“带有,具有”,”在…身上,在…身边”之意(相当于having, carrying)
The girl with golden hair looks beautiful.那个金头发的女孩看起来漂亮。
The famous director will come to the meeting with the leading actor and actress.那个有名的导演将带着男女主角来到会场。
Do you have money with you.身上带着钱吗?
Take the umbrella with you in case it rains.随身带伞,以防下雨。
注意:with ,about ,和in均可表示特征和属性.With表示属于人和物的显著特点;about表示附属于人或物不可捉摸的的特点;in表示附属与人或物的内部固有特点.﹡His uncle is an old man with a red nose.它的叔叔是位红鼻子老人。
﹡There is a certain charm about that man.那个人有某种魅力。
﹡There is something strange in him.他身上有点奇怪的地方。
六、with表想法,信念,态度与…一致
I agree with you on how to deal with it.关于此事如何处理,我同意你的看法。
七、with表示让步,“虽有,尽管”
With all his money and fame, he is not happy.有着钱和名誉,他还是不快乐。
With good teachers and warmhearted classmates, the new comer feels lonely.虽有着好老师和热心的同学,这个新来的还是感觉孤独。
八、with表同时,或同一方向,“随着”
The temperature of cold-blooded animals change with the temperature of the surroundings.冷血动物的体温随着周围的环境的改变而变化。
The big ship is sailing with the wind.这个大船正随风向航行。
And with the last words, she turned away.随着最后一句话说完,他转身离开了。
九.With后加上一个名词(多为表情绪的词),表示“。。。地”等情态意义,其作用相当于一个副词。with care =carefully ﹡with difficulty=difficultly ﹡with warmth=warmly﹡with curiosity=curiously ﹡ with pride=proudly
十、with的复合结构表行为方式或伴随情况
1、with + n/pron + adj.He left the room with the door open.门开着,他就离开了屋子。Don’t talk with your mouse full.嘴里满是东西时不要说话。
2、with + n/pron + adv.With the radio on ,grandma slept deeply in the chair.收音机开者,奶奶在椅子里沉沉的睡着。
With Tom away , I always feel lonely.汤母不在,我一直感觉孤独。
3、with + n/pron + done
The fellow stood there with his hands crossed.这个家伙两手交叉,站在那里。
The peasants have a good harvest with all the crops got in.庄稼都收割了,农民们有了一个好收成。
4、with + n/pron + to do
With this book to help you , you can finish your work as soon as possible.有这本书来帮忙,你能尽快完成工作。
With so many problems to settle ,the new manager was too worried to eat anything.有着太多问题要去处理,新经理担忧的吃不下任何东西。
5、with + n/pron + n
The old man looks down upon everyone ,with his son chairman of the company.因为他儿子是公司的主席,这个老头瞧不起任何人。
He was taken to hospital with his legs a mass of bleeding flesh.他被抬到医院,他的腿血肉模糊。
6、with + n/pron + 介词短语
The man left the meeting with a book in his hand.这个男人手里拿着书离开了会议。
The woman with a diamond necklace around the neck must be wealthy.那个脖子上带项链的女人一定很有钱。
十、with其他用法主要出现在一些常用词和习语中,记住其特定含义即可。如: It is a long time not to get in touch with Tom.很长时间没有和汤母取得联系了。
Down with imperialism.打倒帝国主义。
第四篇:with用法小结
with用法小结
一、with表拥有某物
1、Mary married a man with a lot of money.马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。
2、I often dream of a big house with a nice garden.我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。
3、The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island.这个老人和一条小狗住在荒岛上。
二、with表用某种工具或手段
1、We can walk with our legs and feet.我们用腿脚行走。
2、He writes with a pencil.他用铅笔写。
3、I cut the apple with a sharp knife.我用一把锋利的刀削平果。
4、Tom drew the picture with a pencil.汤母用铅笔画画。
三、with表人与人之间的协同关系 make friends with sb
talk with sb quarrel with sb
fight with sb play with sb
work with sb
四、with 表原因或理由
1、John was in bed with high fever.约翰因发烧卧床。
2、He jumped up with joy.他因高兴跳起来。
3、Father is often excited with wine.父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。
4、They were wild with joy.他们欣喜若狂。
五、with 表“带来”,或“带有,具有”,在…身上,在…身边之意
1、The girl with golden hair looks beautiful.那个金头发的女孩看起来漂亮。
2、The director will come to the meeting with the leading actor and actress.那个导演将带着男女主角来到会场。
3、Do you have money with you.身上带着钱吗?
4、Take the umbrella with you in case it rains.随身带伞,以防下雨。
六、with表想法,信念,态度与…一致
1、I agree with you on how to deal with it.关于此事如何处理,我同意你的看法。
2、I believe with the headmaster that a good teacher should not only teach a student what to learn but also how to learn it.我相信校长所说,一个好老师不但教学生学什么,而且应教学生怎么去学。
七、with表示让步,“虽有,尽管”
With all his money and fame, he is not happy.有着钱和名誉,他还是不快乐。
八、with表同时,或同一方向,“随着”
1、The temperature of cold-blooded animals change with the temperature of the surroundings.冷血动物的体温随着周围的环境的改变而变化。
2、The big ship is sailing with the wind.这个大船正随风向航行。
3、And with the last words , she turned away.随着最后一句话说完,他转身离开了。
九、“和……在一起”,表示伴随。例如:
1、Can you go to a movie with me? 你能和我一起去看电影吗?
2、He often goes to the library with Jenny.他常和詹妮一起去图书馆。
3、She lives with her son.她和儿子住在一起。
十、“关于,对于”,表示一种关系或适应范围。例如: What’s wrong with your watch? 你的手表怎么了?
十一、“在……方面”。例如:
Kate helps me with my English.凯特帮我学英语。
十二、“随着,与……同时”。例如:
With these words, he left the room.说完这些话,他离开了房间。
十三、包括...在内
1、I like tea with sugar.我喜欢加糖的茶水。
2、China is a country with a long history.中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
十四、中考with词组总结
1、agree with sb/to+V.同意某人的意见/某事
2、be angry with sb.生某人的气
3、be busy with / doing sth.忙于做某事
4、be covered with被……覆盖
5、be fed up with厌倦
6、be friends with对 …… 友好,与 …… 交上朋友
7、be pleased with对……感到高兴
8、be strick with +sb/in +sth对谁/某事严格.
9、begin with从开始
10、come up with赶上,提出
11、communicate with与……交流
12、compare with与……比较
13、deal with处理
14、do with处置, 处理
15、fall in love with[中考]相爱,爱上
16、fill with用……装满
17、get on well with与 ……相处融洽
18、help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事
19、in line with与 …… 一致,按照
20、make friends with与……交朋友
21、meet with遭遇
22、play with以 …… 为消遣,玩弄
23、quarrel with(和某人)吵架
24、shake hands with与……握手
25、take up with和 …… 交往,忍受,采用
26、talk to / with sb与某人谈话
27、with one's own eyes亲眼(目睹)
28、with pleasure愉快地
29、with the help of /with one's help[中考]在……的帮助下
30、with the purpose of为了
31、work out =come up with做出,算出,制定出
32、chat to / with sb.和某人聊天
33、play with snow玩雪
34、with a smile面带笑容
35、in step with与...一致/协调
36、come along=come with sb.跟上来
37、be popular with sb.受某人欢迎
38、catch up with sb.赶上某人
39、fall in love with sb./sth.爱上什么
40、offer / provide sb.with sth.给某人提供
41、sb.spend sometime with sb.花了多少时间陪谁
42、have a conversation with sb.与...谈话;交谈
43、with the development of industry随着工业的发展
44、play a joke with sb.和某人开玩笑
45、be mad with joy欣喜若狂
46、meet with a storm遇到风暴
47have nothing to do with与...无关
48、be patient with sb.对某人有耐心
49、supply sb.with sth.向某人供应/提供
50、finish with完成,结束
第五篇:it用法小结
小结(2008-12-08 15:57:31)
标签:教育
It用法小结
it在英语语法中属人称代词,意思是“它”,用来指人以外的一切生物和事物。它的用法不仅不简单,而且很复杂。
一、用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情。
一般指说话者心目中已经了解或所指的生物、无生命的东西或事情、没有性别的区分;可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词,在句子中既可做主语,也可以作宾语。1.指动物和植物。如:
—Oh,that's Lucy's hat.噢,那是露茜的帽子。
—It looks like a cat!它看上去像只猫!
Where's tea grown?It's grown in the southeast of China.
什么地方种植茶?中国东南部种植茶。2.指代一些无生命的东西。如: Is it your watch?这是你的手表吗?
Look at the rain!It's heavy,isn't it?看这雨!雨很大,对吗? 3.代替上文提到过的整个事情。如:
Well,you mustn't play on the road.It's dangerous.哦,你不能在公路上玩。这太危险了!It was hard work,but they really enjoyed it.摘苹果是艰苦活,可他们都乐意去干(它)。
二、用于指代人。
1.指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人,常在打电话或敲门时用。如:
—Who was it?是谁(打来的电话)? —Was it Susan?(打电话的)是苏珊吗?
—Yes,it was.是的,我是。(根据上下句,“it was”也可不译出来。)再如:—Who is knocking at the door?谁在敲门?
—It's me.是我。
2.指说话者心目中的那个人。如:
—Is it your sister,Kate?(那旧照片上的 baby)是你姐姐凯特吧?
—No!不是。
—Is it your brother?是你哥哥吧?
—No!不是。
—I know—it's you!我知道了,(那)是你。
3.指代性别不详的婴幼儿或在不计较性别时,也可用it来指人。如 The child smiled when it saw its mother.这小孩一见到母亲就笑了。I don't know who it is.我不知道他是谁。注意:看到这样的句子(或听到这样的话)时,要想一想,不要一看到it就把它译成“它”。)4.在回答用指示代词表示人的特殊问句时,常用it指人。如:
—Who's that?那人是谁?
—Is it Kate?是凯特吗?
—Yes,I think you're right.It's Kate.是的,我想你说对了,是凯特。
三、用于指时间、距离和自然现象等。1.表示时间。如:
—What time is it?几点钟?
—It's ten.十点钟。
It's summer in Australia now.现在澳大利亚是夏天。特别注意it用于表示时间时还常见于以下两个句型中:(1)It's time(for sb.)to do sth./It's time for sth.译为“是(某人)该干„„的时间了”、“到„„的时候了”。如:
It's time for supper/to have supper.是吃晚饭的时候了。
I think it's time for us to start the lesson now.我想现在是我们开始上课的时候了。
(2)It is /has been +时间段+since +一般过去时。译为“自从„„以来已过了„„(时间)”。此结构可以与另一种句型进行同义句转换。如:
It has been two weeks since we met last.= Two weeks has passed since we met last.自从我们上次相遇以来,两个星期过去了。
It's three years since he came here.=It has been three years since he came here.=He has been here for three years.他到这里已经三年了。2.表示距离。如:
It's half an hour's walk from my home to the school.从我家到学校步行得花半小时时间。
—Where's the farm,Li Lei?Is it far?李雷,农场在哪里?远吗?
—No,it's quite near.不,(距)离这很近。3.表示自然现象。如:
Sometimes it snows and the land is all white.有时下雪,大地一片白。It is very quiet here at the moment.眼下这儿很安静。
四、用作形式主语。
英语中常常见到某个句子以it开头,it与其后面的动词不定式短语、动名词短语、名词性从句等相呼应,以表达一个完整的意义。这是一种习惯表达法,这样的句式可避免句子显得头重脚轻。
1.It+is/was+形容词+(for/of sb.)+动词不定式短语。对于这个句型中究竟用 for还是用of,一般遵循这样的规则:如果形容词仅仅是描述事物的形容词,如:difficult,easy,hard,important,dangerous等用for;如果形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的,如:kind,good,nice,clever等则用of。如:
It is interesting to play with snow in winter. 冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。
It's important for us to keep the water clean.保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。It's very kind of you to say so.你这样说真是太好了。注意:这一句式中的形容词位置也可换用名词;连系动词be也可换用其它连系动词,如feel等。如:
It's a good habit to get up early and go to bed early.早睡早起是好习惯。
It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship.乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。It feels strange to have a twin sister.有个孪生姐妹感觉很奇怪。2.It +will be/is /was +形容词+动名词短语。如: It's bad playing in the street.在街上玩是没好处的。Is it any good trying again?再试一次有用吗? 3.It+is/was+形容词+从句。如:
It is certain that he will come.他一定会来。It's true that he may fall behind the other students.他真的可能落后于其他同学。It is strange that he should say so.他居然这么说,真是奇怪。
4.It +is /was +one's turn(duty,pleasure)+to do sth.意为“该轮到某人做某事(做某事是某人的责任、愉悦的事)”。如:
It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow.明天轮到你值日了。5.It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.意为“(某人)花„„时间做某事”。如 It took me a week to finish reading the book.我花了一周时间看完这本书。
6.It +cost/costs +sb.+some money +to do sth.译为“某人花多少钱做某事”。如: It cost me 260 yuan to buy the new watch.我买这块新手表花了260元。7.It seems /seemed +从句。译为“看起来好像„„”,此结构可以转换成“seem +动词不定式”形式。如:
It seems that he is ill.=He seems to be ill.看起来他好像病了。
[原题再现] ①________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It ② In fact________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A.this B.that C.there D.it 答案: ① D ② D
五、用作形式宾语。
当句子的真正宾语是动词不定式、动名词或从句时,为避免句子头重脚轻,须将其放在宾语补足语之后,改用先行词it占据其原来的位置。it用作形式宾语的句型为:主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语+动词不定式/动名词/从句。该句型中宾语补足语可由形容词、名词等充当。如:
He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well.他发现学好一门外语是不容易的。We think it no good reading in bed.我们认为躺在床上看书无益处。I think it necessary that we have the meeting.我认为开这个会是必要的。[原题再现] Don't ________that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A.take as granted
B.take this for granted C.take that for granted
D.take it for granted 答案: D
六.构成强调句。如:
It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning.今天早晨,就是在街上我看见李明。[原题再现] ________was in 1979________I graduated from university.A.That;that B.It;that C.That;when D.It;when 答案: B 七.构成特殊句式。如:
It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow.【练习】
(1)There is a photo on the wall.____ the photo of Lei Feng.A.It B.Its C.It's D.He(高考,1980)(2)Is_necessary to tell his father everything? A.it B.that C.what D.he(MET1987)(3)Is_possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? A.now B.man C.that D.it(4)I consider____ my duty to help you. A.it B.this C.that D.its(5).It was at four o'clock in the afternoon ____ he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan.A.while B.that C.when D.as 答案:(1)C(2)A(3)D(4)A(5)B(6).I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(2004全国I)A.this B.that C.it D.one(7).-Do you like ___ here?-Oh,yes.The air,the weather,the way of life.Everything is so nice.(2004全国II)A.this B.these C.that D.it(8).The Parkers bought a new house but ____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.which(9).I hate___ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.these D.them(10).Joan had often heard____ said that Marley had no money.A.it B.this C.that D.one 答案:C D B A A
八、it, one和that作替代词的用法及区别
it, one和that虽然都可以用来替代前面所提到的一个单数名词,以避免重复,但在具体用法上却有不同。简述如下: 1.it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。[原题再现] The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ______? A.did they B.didn't they C.did it D.didn't it 答案: D 2.one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。[原题再现]-Why don't we have a little break?-Didn't we just have________? A.it B.that C.one D.this 答案: C 3.that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。[原题再现] Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.A.some B.any C.that D.those 答案: C
高考“it”的用法英语题
历届高考英语单项选择题精选
(一)“it”的用法
1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?
A.that
B.while
C.in which
D.then
(88)2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A.this
B.that
C.it
D.he
(89)3.I dont think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.this
B.that
C.its
D.it
(91)4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time? A.this
B.that
C.he
D.it
(91)5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when , that B.until , that C.until , that D.when , then
(92)6.I was disappointed with the film.I had expected ______ to be much better.A.that
B.this
C.one
D.it
(93)7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.A.while
B.which
C.that
D.since
(94)8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There
B.This
C.That
D.It
(95)9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.A.until
B.that
C.then
D.so
(97)10.I hate _____ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it
B.that
C.these D.them
(98)11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.one
B.that
C.what
D.it
(2000)KEYS: 1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11 B
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