第一篇：中级口译考试口译考试历届考题总结(新)
上海市中级口译考试口译考试历届考题总结[上] 第一期内容,为上海市中级口译考试口译历届试题的前12套考卷的总结.以下内容包括二百六十九个语言点,包括好句子,需要记忆的词组以及常见句型,关注于语言表达的结构功能
1.我非常感谢...Thank you very much for...2.热情友好的欢迎辞
gracious speech of welcome
4.访问...是...A visit to...have...5.多年梦寐以求的愿望
has long been my dream
6...给予我一次...的机会...(The visit will)give me(an excellent)opportunity to...7.我为...，再次表达（我的愉快之情和荣幸之感）。
I wish to say again that I am so delighted and privileged to...8.（我对您为我到达贵国后所做的一切安排）深表感谢。I’m deeply grateful for everything you've done for me since my arrival in China.9.（我很高兴）有此机会（来贵公司工作），与中国汽车业的杰出人士合作共事。I’m very glad to have the opportunity to work in your company with a group of brilliant people in China's automobile industries.10....多年来一直盼望...have been looking forward to...for many years
12.你若不在意的话，...If you don't mind,13.去...走走
tour around...14.浦江商务旅游公司 note：
Pu Jiang Business Travel Company
15.国家旅游局
the Chinese National Tourist Administration
16.经...批准的......approved by...18.以...为主要服务对象
provide services mainly to...19.公司的宗旨是...We operate under the principle of...21...及其周边地区
...and its surrounding areas
22.提供全方位的服务 offer an all-round service to...24.坦诚相待
...in an honest partnership
25.商务 Reference: business activities
26.我们很高兴...It gives us great pleasure to...27.再次接待...note: to play host to...once again
29.学校的全体师生员工
the faculty, students and staff of the university
30.向...表示热烈欢迎...wish to extend one's warm welcome to...31.格林博士和夫人
Dr.and Mrs.Green
32.我相信...I am convinced that.33.这次对...的访问
current visit to...34....必将为......will surely...35.作出(重要)贡献
make an important contribution to...36.祝大家...wish you all...37.友好合作关系
the friendly relations and cooperations
38.我怀着非常愉快的心情(出席本届年会).It is with great pleasure that I am here to attend
this annual meeting.39.值此...之际,...On the occasion of....40.我为能有机会...,向....致以深深的谢意.I would like to express my deep appreciation to...for this opportunity to...41.就...问题进行发言 to address the meeting on the topic of...42....为...提供了(理想的)场所...provides us with an ideal arena where we will...43.我愿借此机会,就全世界范围内的环境保护问题,发表自己的一些看法,与各位一起商讨.I wish to take this opportunity to discuss with you my thoughts on the issue of world-wide environmental protection.44.在这举国同庆的夜晚,...On the occasion of this evening of national celebration,...45.各位来宾
all the guests
46.光临我们的春节联欢晚会
come to this party to celebrate our Spring Festival
47.(在座)各位
all present here
48.轻松,欢快的 most relaxing and delightful
49.春节是我国一年中的良辰佳时.The Chinese Spring Festival is a very wonderful and joyous occasion in our tradition.51.外国来宾
overseas visitors(guests)
52.尽情品尝中国的传统美酒和佳肴
have a good time enjoying to one's hearts' content the finest traditional Chinese cuisine and wine
53.彼此沟通,增进友谊
to get to know each other and to increase our friendship
54.最后,我再次感谢各位嘉宾的光临,并祝各位新年身体健康,事业有成,吉祥如意.In closing, I'd like to thank you again for your presence and wish everyone good health, a successful career and the very best of luck in the new year.55.热情的迎接和款待
warm reception and hospitality
56.The past five days in China,...在中国度过的这五天
57.令人愉快,难以忘怀!be truly pleasant and enjoyable and most memorable
58.我特别要称颂我们的中国合作者,他们的真诚合作与支持使这项协议得以签署.I particularly want to pay tribute to our Chinese partners for their sincere cooperation and support in concluding these agreements.59.我敬请各位与我一起举杯,为我们两家公司的永久友谊和合作而干杯!
May I ask all of you present here to join me in raising your glasses, to the lasting friendship and cooperation
between our two companies.60.中美合资企业
a Sino-American joint venture
61.I have to say that...我认为...62.business management 经营管理
63.由于...,所以......, Due to...64.直率 Reference: direct and straightforward
65.I can't say our way of doing business is absolutely superior.我无法断言,我们的经营方式一定在他们之上.66.优点和弊端
strong and weak points in...67.近年来,...In recent years...68.business executives 经理人员
70....已认识到......have recognized...71.更具人情味的...the more humane way of...72.管理方式
management
73...在...中(上)存在差异 there are differences in...between/among...74.现状
current situation
75.基于...,...Considering the fact that...，76.轿车目前在中国的占有率为每580人一辆车.There is only one car for every 580 Chinese at present 77.具有极大的诱惑力 be extremely attractive
78.(中国已将关税)从(23%)降到了(17%)....cut...from...to...79.创造条件
create conditions
80....and in turn for the inevitable opening of its auto market to the outside world.进而敞开其汽车市场大门(创造了条件)
81.(IBM上海公司的)正式开张典礼 official launch of IBM of Shanghai
82.各位如此钟情IBM的产品,这对我们的业务来说是一个好兆头.It's a sign of good business that you show so much interest in IBM products.83....,我感到万分荣幸.I regard it as a great honor that...84....期待者...Reference: be looking forward to...85.在...地位...position in...86.富有(中华民族文化)特色的......that is characteristic of Chinese national culture.87.安排了...的旅游路线
offer you...tour program
88.各位将要...You will...89.景点和名胜 scenic spots and historical sites
90.雄伟的古建筑群
magnificent ancient architectural complexes
92.真正的 authentic
94.中国烹调 Chinese cuisine
96.地方风味小吃 local delicacies 97.我国人民传统的热情何好客将使得各位这次访问愉快而难忘.The traditional warmth and hospitality with which the Chinese people entertain our guests will make your visit a pleasant and memorable experience.98....拥有......has...99....,占(人口总数的六分之一)....,constituting one-sixth of her total population
劳动妇女
working women
101.取得(杰出的)成就
make outstanding achievements in the fields of...102.各行各业的(年轻妇女)young women in all professions
103...迫切希望...be eagerly seeking...104....有权...have the right to...105.参加
participate in
106....,因此(在社会和家庭中享有经济独立和平等地位).Thereby gaining economic independence and equal status in the society and at home.107.Right now,...现在,...108.elephant--->sheer size 庞大的体形
109.zoo attractions 动物园园景
110....不难区分...are not difficult to tell apart
111....,whereas...这句型可以用作对比列举 112.curve down in the middle 中间向下
113.我代表我们代表团的全体成员,...On behalf of all the members of my delegation, I...114.During our stay,...在我们逗留期间,...115.impress sb.Deeply 给...留下很深刻的印象
116.欢迎各位参加“对外汉语”学习Welcome to the Program of “Chinese as a Foreign language 117.近年来,世界各地学汉语者与日俱增.a worldwide interest in Chinese is increasing at an accelerating tempo
118.从某种意义上说,汉语是一种很古老的语言,其最早的汉字已有近四千年的历史了.In a sense,...,with its earliest writings dating back nearly for thousand years.119.随着...,...With...,...120.我将适时介绍...I will discuss in due time...121.(汉语)对(中华民族的文化和思维)所产生的影响.the influence of the Chinese language
on the cultural and intellectual development of the Chinese nation
122.对于这门拥有世界上使用人数最多,文学历史最悠久的语言来说,这股学习热潮早该出现了.Considering that Chinese has the largest number of speakers in the world and the greatest depth in its literature, this interest is long overdue.123.受到/接受完整的中等教育
receive a full secondary education
124.显然这一现象已经影响了全民科学和文化水平的提高,与现代社会格格不入.This fact has obviously affected the improvement of general scientific and cultural levels
and is fully incompatible with a modernized society.125.因此,中国在努力发展经济的同时必须努力控制人口数量,并且提高人口素质.Therefore,China's efforts to develop the economy must be accompanied by equally vigorous efforts to control the population and improve its quality.126,人口增长也是中国普及中等教育比较缓慢的一个重要原因.note:原因不一定就是reason,”重要“也不一定就是important,注意这里的特殊句型.Population increase is also a major factor behind China's relative slowness in establishing universal secondary school education.127.有人认为...Some people hold the view that...128.然而,更多人认为...However,more people are of the opinion that...129.深圳应该当好内地与香港之间的桥梁.Shenzhen should continue to play its role as a bridge linking Hong Kong and mainland.130.借助...的优势 make use of the advantages of...131....发展成为...develop into...133.今天,我们聚会在一起,...Today,we meet here to...134.广泛领域 a wide range of areas
135....反映了......reflects...136.共同愿望
shared desire
137.对...产生积极影响
have a positive impact on...138.我深信...I am deeply convinced that...139.携手合作
work together for...140.本着...原则
in the principle of...141.会议的圆满结束
a successful conclusion of this meeting
142.牢记以下几点 keep certain points in mind
143.组建...(企业)set up...144.Now,let me go on to the legal aspect of a joint venture.note:注意”aspect"翻成什么好.下面我接着谈谈合资企业的法律问题
145....,...,都要记住这一点....with this in mind.146.You have to understand the extent of your liability for actions of the joint venture.你必须考虑自己对该合资企业的行为承担多少责任.147.关注
be concerned about
148.现有市场 existing market
149.sales area 销售区域
150.We are not finished with you.我们跟你还没完呢!
151.pick up the pieces and carry on 收拾残局,重整旗鼓,再图进取
152.I began my life as the son of immigrants, and with great efforts I worked my way up to the presidency of the Ford Campany.我是作为移民的儿子进入人世的,凭自己的努力,一步步地当上了福特汽车公司地总裁.153.热情接待
warm reception
154.衷心的感谢
heartfelt thanks for
155.没有贵方的努力我们无法成功地达成合作协议.Without your effort it would have been
impossible for us to reach the successful conclusion of our cooperative agreements
156.来华投资 come to invest in China
157.幅员辽阔
has vast land
158.劳动力资源丰富
abundant human resource
159.兴办(企业)establish
160.market strategy 市场营销战略
161.business dealings :商务运作
162.这种投资方法对我们合作双方来说,都有丰厚地经济回报.I would say that this type of investment will yield fat economic returns for both parties
in our partnership.
第二篇：中级口译考试大纲
本部分为客观试题。阅读材料均选自英语原版书刊，共6—8篇文章。试题形式为选择题。要求考生从试卷给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
（3）测试目的
测试考生的英语阅读理解技能，概括中心思想能力，词汇量，推理与释义能力以及与英语国家、社会、文化等相关的知识。
（4）选材原则
（a）以中等难度阅读文章或摘录等材料为主。
（b）内容与题材可多种多样，具有普遍性和社会性，难度适中。
（c）每篇文章长度在350～500词，文章总长度为3000词左右。
3.英译汉本部分测试时间为30分钟
（1）测试要求
要求应试者运用英译汉的理论和技巧，翻译英语书刊上有关政治、经济、社会、历史、文化等方面的文章。速度为每小时340词左右。译文要求忠于原意，语言流畅。
（2）题型
本部分为主观试题，长度170词左右的英译汉文章或段落一篇。
（3）测试目的
测试考生对英汉翻译技巧与能力的掌握。
（4）选材原则
（a）英译汉选材取自英语报刊或书籍。
（b）文章或段落的内容具有普遍性或现实意义，难度宜适中。
4.汉译英本部分测试时间为30分钟
（1）测试要求
要求应试者运用汉译英的理论和技巧，翻译介绍我国国情、经济发展、文化背景以及风土人情等的文章或段落。速度为每小时340词左右。译文应忠于原意，语言通顺。
（2）题型
本部分为主观试题，长度为170词左右的汉译英文章或段落一篇。
（３）测试目的
测试考生对汉英翻译技巧与能力的掌握。
（4）选题原则
（a）汉译英选材取自中文报刊或书籍。
（b）题材和内容具有普遍性、社会性以及现实意义，难度宜适中。
5.口语
（1）测试要求
要求考生掌握英语口语表达的基本技能，包括语音语调、措辞与句法、语句的连贯与说话的流利度。
（2）题型
可采取以下任何一种：
（a）按所给题目的要求作命题发言。
（b）按所给图表或图片及要求作叙述或发表评论。
（c）按所给书面短文（长度为300词左右）和要求回答问题或发表评论。
（3）测试目的
测试考生的英语口语技能。
（4）选材原则
口语题目应带有普遍性，为考生所熟悉，也可给出带有争议性的辩论题目。
6.口译
（1）测试要求
要求考生掌握英译汉、汉译英的口译基本技巧。口译应准确传达原话意思，注意语气表达，语音语调正确，用词与句法基本准确，保持说话的流利与速度。
（2）题型
口译采用段落翻译。翻译量为四段，每段长度在140词左右。逐句翻译，每一句英语或汉语后有15—30秒间隙供口译。
（3）测试目的
测试考生的英译汉、汉译英的口译能力。
（4）选材原则
（a）在致词、讲话、讲座等口语体的文字记录材料中选取口译材料。
（b）口译材料的题材应带有普遍性，紧扣社会、时代与日常生活内容，但深度与难度宜适中。
上海中级口译考试大纲
上海市英语中级口译岗位资格证书考试是经上海紧缺人才培训工程联席会议办公室审核、确认的紧缺人才岗位资格培训项目之一。
英语口译岗位资格证书考试是为国家机关、企事业、外资机构、涉外单位等考核与遴选一批能胜任各类涉外项目谈判、高层次会晤、新闻发布会、记者招待会以及国际研讨会的翻译人才。
凡获得上海市英语中级口译岗位资格证书者均具有良好的口语水平和基本口译技能，可从事一般话题的口译工作。
据此，本大纲规定了以下考试原则和要求。
一、考试目的
根据大纲要求，检查考生是否具备本大纲所规定的各项语言技能。凡通过上海市英语中级口译岗位资格证书考试(含笔试和口试)的考生，可获得由上海市教育委员会、上海市成人教育委员会、上海市委组织部、上海市人事局统一印制的上海市英语中级口译岗位资格证书。
二、考试的性质和范围
本考试是一种测试考生单项和综合语言能力的尺度参照性标准化考试。考试分两个阶段，第一阶段为笔试，第二阶段为口试。只有通过笔试的考生方有资格参加口试。笔试包括听力、阅读、英译汉和汉译英；口试包括口语和口译。
三、考试时间与命题
上海市英语中级口译岗位资格证书考试每年举行两次，分别于3月和9月举行笔试，并择时举行口试。笔试和口试由上海市外语口译岗位资格证书考试委员会负责命题与实施。
四、考试形式
本考试根据口译特点，以测试口译水平为主要目标，从听、说、读、译(笔译、口译)等四个方面对考生语言运用能力进行全面测试。测试力求科学、客观、可行。考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合，单项技能测试与综合技能测试相结合的方式。在第一阶段的笔试中，客观试题约占试卷总分的35％，主观试题约占试卷总分的65％；第二阶段口试全部是主观试题。
五、考试内容
第一阶段笔试分四个部分，依次是：第一部分：听力；第二部分：阅读；第三部分：英译汉；第四部分：汉译英。总考试时间为l50分钟，其中听力45分钟，阅读45分钟，英译汉30分钟，汉译英30分钟。第二阶段口试分两个部分：口语与口译，考试时间为25分钟左右。
1．听力
听力测试分三个部分：听写、听力理解和听译。
1-A．听写
(1)测试要求
要求考生在全面理解所听英语内容的基础上，准确填写出试题中的空缺部分。
(2)题型
本部分为主观试题。听写文字内容长度为300个词左右，听一遍。语速为每分钟130个词左右，试题中有20处标号的空缺部分要求考生填写，填写部分的词语、短语长度为l至4个词。听写内容播放后有2～3分钟的间隙供考生填写。
(3)测试目的
测试考生的英语听力理解、短时记忆及笔录能力。
(4)选材原则
(a)在一般话题范围内选材，体裁多样，体现时代性和实用性。
(b)听写内容的语言难度和词汇量适中。
1—B．听力理解
(1)测试要求
要求考生在一般话题范围内，能听懂英语讲座、广播或电视短片以及交际场合中的英语会话、对话和讲话，理解说话者的主要含意。
(2)题型
听力材料有单句陈述，也有讲话、对话(采访)、广播、讲座等类型。语速为每分钟l50个词左右。试题形式为选择题，每一节听力材料后有一至数道选择题，每道选择题后有l5秒左右的间隙，要求考生从试卷给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
(3)测试目的
测试考生通过听力理解获取信息的能力。
(4)选材原则
(a)单句长度为25个词左右，句子结构一般不超过两个分句。
(b)对话、讲话、讲座内容题材与日常生活、工作或学习有关，难度适中。
1—C．听译(英-汉)
(1)测试要求
要求考生在听懂和理解原话的基础上，译出其主要内容。
(2)题型
本部分为主观试题。听译内容分为单句和段落两个部分。单句长度为25个词左右，段落为80个词左右，朗读一遍。单句后有45～60秒、段落后有l50～200秒的间隙供考生笔译。
(3)测试目的
测试考生的听力理解、短时记忆、笔录和翻译能力。
(4)选材原则
(a)内容多种多样，难度适中。
(b)选自一般话题并以口语体为主的材料。
2．阅读
(1)测试要求
要求考生具备熟练阅读英语原文篇章、摘录、说明、书信、纪要、广告等的能力。
(2)题型
本部分为客观试题。阅读材料均选自英语原版书刊，共6～8篇文章。试题形式为选择题，要求考生从试卷给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
(3)测试目的
测试考生的英语阅读理解技能、概括中心思想能力、推理与释义能力、词汇量以及与英语国家、社会、文化等相关的知识。
(4)选材原则
(a)以中等难度阅读文章或摘录等材料为主。
(b)内容与题材多种多样，具有普遍性和社会性。
(c)每篇文章长度约为500个词，全部文章总长度为3000个词左右。
3．英译汉
(1)测试要求
要求考生运用英译汉的理论和技巧，翻译英语书刊上的文章。速度为每小时340个词左右。译文要求忠实于原意，语言流畅。
(2)题型
本部分为主观试题，长度为170个词左右的英文文章或段落一篇。
(3)测试目的
测试考生英译汉的技巧与能力。
(4)选材原则
(a)材料取自英语国家的报刊或书籍。
(b)题材和内容具有普遍性、社会性及现实意义，难度适中
4．汉译英
(1)测试要求
要求考生运用汉译英的理论和技巧，翻译介绍我国国情、经济发展、文化背景以及风土人情等的文章或段落。速度为每小时340个词左右。译文应忠实于原意，语言通顺。
(2)题型
本部分为主观试题，长度为170个词左右的中文文章或段落一篇。
(3)测试目的
测试考生汉译英的技巧与能力。
(4)选材原则
(a)材料取自中文报刊或书籍。
(b)题材和内容具有普遍性、社会性以及现实意义，难度适中
5．口语
(1)测试要求
要求考生掌握英语口语表达和语言组织的基本技能，包括语音语调、措辞、句法、语句的连贯与说话的流利度。
(2)题型
可采取以下任何一种：
(a)按所给题目的要求作命题发言。
(b)按所给图表及要求作叙述或发表评论。
(c)按所给书面短文(长度为300个词左右)和要求
回答问题或发表评论。
(3)测试目的
测试考生的英语口语技能。
想不想知道自己的英语词汇量？
(4)选材原则
供命题发言的题目带有普遍性或争议性，为考生所熟悉。
6．口译
(1)测试要求
要求考生具备口译基本技能，掌握英译汉、汉译英的口译基本技巧。口译应准确、流利地传达原话意思，语音语调正确，用词与句法基本准确。
(2)题型
口译采用段落翻译或对话翻译：段落翻译量为四段，对话翻译量为一段；英译汉与汉译英总量为650个词左右，每一句段的英语或汉语后有l5～30秒的间隙供考生口译。
(3)测试目的
测试考生的英译汉、汉译英的基本技能和基本技巧。
(4)选材原则
(a)从一般话题范围内的对话、致辞、讲话、讲座等材料中选取口译材料。
(b)V1译材料题材带有普遍性，围绕社会、时代与日常生活内容，难度适中。
7.笔试项目一览表
8.口试项目一览表
第三篇：中级口译考试段落
文化是指一个民族的整体生活方式。这一简单定义的含义使文化包括了这样一些内容，即一个民族的风俗、传统、社会习惯、价值观、信仰、语言、思维方式以及El常活动。文化还包含了文明史。从广义上说，有两种文化，即物质文化和精神文化。物质文化是具体的、可见的，而精神文化则比较蕴蓄、比较抽象。
Culture means the total way of life of a people.This simple definition implies that culture refers to the customs, traditions, social habits, values, beliefs, language, ways of thinking and daily activities of a people.It also includes the history of civilization.In the broad sense, there are two types of culture, that is, material culture and spiritual culture.Material culture is concrete and observable, while spiritual culture implicit and abstract.由于人类语言是文化的直接表现，所以第二语言的学习涉及了第二文化的学习。第二语言教师应该引导学生注意并了解他们所学语言的文化内容。包括理解外族文化的价值观，掌握外族文化的礼仪，了解外族文化与本族文化之间的差异。
Because human language is a direct manifestation of culture, learning a second language involves learning a second culture.For the teacher of a second language, he or she should make sure to develop the students' awareness and knowledge of the culture of the target language they are learning.This includes understanding the values of the target culture, acquiring a command of the etiquette of the target culture and understanding the differences between the target culture and the students' own culture.随着学生外语学习的深化，他们会增进对所学语言民族的文化特征的认识。这种开阔了的文化认识可以涉及文化的所有方面：外族人的生活方式，以及外族社会的地理、历史、经济、艺术和科学等。我们知道，每个民族的文化有不同于其他民族文化的礼仪规范。因此，学生在上外语课时应该学习操目标语的民族那些恰当得体的礼仪规范，学习如何理解陌生的文化习俗，学习在与外族人交际时应有的言谈举止。
As students progress through a foreign language program, it is expected that they will increase their awareness of the cultural characteristics of the speakers of the language under study.This broadened cultural knowledge may touch on all aspects of culture, the people's way of life as well as the geographic, historical, economic artistic and scientific aspects of the target society.We know that each culture has different etiquette patterns.And therefore, in a foreign language course, students should learn the appropriate etiquette patterns expected of the people living in the country where the target language is spoken.Students should also learn how to interpret unfamiliar cultural conventions and how to act appropriately when communicating with the persons of the foreign culture.改革开放30年来，随着中国逐渐崛起成为政治经济强国，海外人士学习汉语的现象与日俱增，海外孔子学院也成了人们学习中国语言和中国文化的首选之地。//通过学习汉语，他们对这个和自己文化大相径庭的古老文明产生了浓厚的兴趣，而且有机会了解中国的哲学、艺术、医学、饮食文化，亲身体验这个文明古国的风采。//作为第二文化，中国文化也丰富了他们的生活和世界观。可以说，这个潮流方兴未艾 As china is rising as a political and economic world power, thanks to its three-decade reform and opening up, more and more people in overseas countries start to learn Chinese and turn to a Confucius Institute in their own countries as their first choice for learning Chinese language and Chinese culture.// During the learning process, the learners concurrently develop their interest in this ancient land,whose civilization is so vastly different from theirs.And during the learning progress,the learners have opportunities to learn about Chinese philosophy, art, architecture, medicine and catering culture and experience first-hand the splendors of this venerable civilization.// Meanwhile, Chinese culture has enriched the life and world outlook of the learners.This trend, so to speak, is gathering momentum and is there to stay 越来越多的学习汉语的美国人除了对中国菜肴赞不绝口之外，也在尝试针灸，草药和武术。//他们也看功夫电影，学习东方时装潮流和手工艺，不知不觉的在日常生活中谈及中国的点心，人参、银杏，乌龙茶等。目前在美国最热门的中国文化是道家学说和有着神秘色彩的风水学。
It's interesting to note that apart from their love for Chinese cuisine, more and more American learners of Chinese language are turning to Chinese acupuncture,herbal medicines, martial arts.// They are also interested in kongfu films, fashions and crafts.Seemingly outlandish words such as dimsum, ginseng, gingko, oolong cha have crept into their everyday language.The latest Chinese cultural icons to make its impact there are Taoism,and ancient school of thought, and fengshui, an ancient art of placement.//
在这个经济全球化的时代背景下，大学将扮演怎样的角色呢？大学将如何通过旨在提高生活质量、推动经济发展的创新活动进而推动社会的进步呢？在这个日新月异、充满变数的社会，大学又将如何培养那些善于取精用弘的学生呢？//今天我演讲的重点是大学创新与研究的作用，因为创新是大学精神之所在，同时也是经济增长和新技术产生的主要原因。我们应该认识到，本科生教育和研究生教育都与研究紧密相连。我们的教育应该为学生创造一种可以探寻新知识、带来新发现的氛围，将教学与研究融合在一起的教育可以培养一批活跃在探索前沿、聪颖开放的青年才俊。//一届又一届的大学毕业生可以向社会传播发明创造的知识。
What will the role of universities be in this globalized economy? How will they contribute to improving society through innovation that will improve the quality of life and support economic growth? How will they prepare their graduates who will extract the best and explore the greatest in this increasingly complex society?//Most of my remarks will focus on the roll of innovation and research in the university since that is university spirit ,as well as the primary source of economic growth and new technologies.It is important to remember that undergraduate education and post-graduate education are tightly linked to research.Our education programs should ensure that the students are learning in anatmosphere characterized by the pursuit of new knowledge and process of discovery.An interrelated educational program will create a flow of young, bright and uninhibited minds to work on the frontier of discovery.//The process of graduation will disseminate the knowledge of new discoveries and innovations.大学最的使根本的使命就是创造新知识，虽然大学所创造的新只是有时会立即产生实际应用价值，但这决不是大学所追求的唯一目标。将获取实际应用价值的目标定位大学的主要目标是一种短视行为。基础研究也同样是大学的使命，而且大学在推动基础研究方面能发挥独特的作用。//选对人是确保创新型研究环境的首要因素，也是最为关键的因素。选人要选三种人： 第一种人是浮想联翩的思想家，第二种人是富有革命精神的探索家，第三种人是不受常规约束的实 干家。// The fundamental mission of a university is the creation of new knowledge which sometimes has immediate practical applications.But that can never be the only goal.And making it a primary goal will frequently be short-sighted.Basic contributions to knowledge should be valued for being exactly that.Our university has an almost unique role in fostering such contribution.//Choosing the right people is the first and perhaps the most crucial step in ensuring an innovative environment.There are three types of people that can be important.The first class of individuals consists of fanciful visionaries.The second class of important people in innovative environment consists of revolutionary explorers.The third class of individuals consists of uninhibited executors.//
第四篇：中级口译考试大纲
中级口译考试大纲
上海市英语中级口译岗位资格证书考试是经上海紧缺人才培训工程联席会议办公室审核、确认的紧缺人才岗位资格培训项目之一。
英语口译岗位资格证书考试是为国家机关、企事业、外资机构、涉外单位等考核与遴选一批能胜任各类涉外项目谈判、高层次会晤、新闻发布会、记者招待会以及国际研讨会的翻译人才。
凡获得上海市英语中级口译岗位资格证书者均具有良好的口语水平和基本口译技能，可从事一般话题的口译工作。
据此，本大纲规定了以下考试原则和要求。
一、考试目的 根据大纲要求，检查考生是否具备本大纲所规定的各项语言技能。凡通过上海市英语中级口译岗位资格证书考试(含笔试和口试)的考生，可获得由上海市教育委员会、上海市成人教育委员会、上海市委组织部、上海市人事局统一印制的上海市英语中级口译岗位资格证书。
二、考试的性质和范围
本考试是一种测试考生单项和综合语言能力的尺度参照性标准化考试。考试分两个阶段，第一阶段为笔试，第二阶段为口试。只有通过笔试的考生方有资格参加口试。笔试包括听力、阅读、英译汉和汉译英；口试包括口语和口译。
三、考试时间与命题
上海市英语中级口译岗位资格证书考试每年举行两次，分别于3月和9月举行笔试，并择时举行口试。笔试和口试由上海市外语口译岗位资格证书考试委员会负责命题与实施。
四、考试形式
本考试根据口译特点，以测试口译水平为主要目标，从听、说、读、译(笔译、口译)等四个方面对考生语言运用能力进行全面测试。测试力求科学、客观、可行。考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合，单项技能测试与综合技能测试相结合的方式。在第一阶段的笔试中，客观试题约占试卷总分的35％，主观试题约占试卷总分的65％；第二阶段口试全部是主观试题。
五、考试内容
第一阶段笔试分四个部分，依次是：第一部分：听力；第二部分：阅读；第三部分：英译汉；第四部分：汉译英。总考试时间为l50分钟，其中听力45分钟，阅读45分钟，英译汉30分钟，汉译英30分钟。第二阶段口试分两个部分：口语与口译，考试时间为25分钟左右。
英语高级口译岗位资格证书 实考试卷汇编及解析套餐 1．听力
听力测试分三个部分：听写、听力理解和听译。
1-A．听写(1)测试要求
要求考生在全面理解所听英语内容的基础上，准确填写出试题中的空缺部分。(2)题型
本部分为主观试题。听写文字内容长度为300个词左右，听一遍。语速为每分钟130个词左右，试题中有20处标号的空缺部分要求考生填写，填写部分的词语、短语长度为l至4个词。听写内容播放后有2～3分钟的间隙供考生填写。(3)测试目的
测试考生的英语听力理解、短时记忆及笔录能力。(4)选材原则
(a)在一般话题范围内选材，体裁多样，体现时代性和实用性。(b)听写内容的语言难度和词汇量适中。
1—B．听力理解(1)测试要求
要求考生在一般话题范围内，能听懂英语讲座、广播或电视短片以及交际场合中的英语会话、对话和讲话，理解说话者的主要含意。(2)题型
听力材料有单句陈述，也有讲话、对话(采访)、广播、讲座等类型。语速为每分钟l50个词左右。试题形式为选择题，每一节听力材料后有一至数道选择题，每道选择题后有l5秒左右的间隙，要求考生从试卷给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。(3)测试目的
测试考生通过听力理解获取信息的能力。(4)选材原则
(a)单句长度为25个词左右，句子结构一般不超过两个分句。
(b)对话、讲话、讲座内容题材与日常生活、工作或学习有关，难度适中。
1—C．听译(英-汉)(1)测试要求
要求考生在听懂和理解原话的基础上，译出其主要内容。(2)题型
本部分为主观试题。听译内容分为单句和段落两个部分。单句长度为25个词左右，段落为80个词左右，朗读一遍。单句后有45～60秒、段落后有l50～200秒的间隙供考生笔译。(3)测试目的
测试考生的听力理解、短时记忆、笔录和翻译能力。(4)选材原则
(a)内容多种多样，难度适中。
(b)选自一般话题并以口语体为主的材料。
2．阅读(1)测试要求
要求考生具备熟练阅读英语原文篇章、摘录、说明、书信、纪要、广告等的能力。(2)题型
本部分为客观试题。阅读材料均选自英语原版书刊，共6～8篇文章。试题形式为选择题，要求考生从试卷给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。(3)测试目的
测试考生的英语阅读理解技能、概括中心思想能力、推理与释义能力、词汇量以及与英语国家、社会、文化等相关的知识。(4)选材原则
(a)以中等难度阅读文章或摘录等材料为主。
(b)内容与题材多种多样，具有普遍性和社会性。
(c)每篇文章长度约为500个词，全部文章总长度为3000个词左右。
3．英译汉(1)测试要求
要求考生运用英译汉的理论和技巧，翻译英语书刊上的文章。速度为每小时340个词左右。译文要求忠实于原意，语言流畅。(2)题型
本部分为主观试题，长度为170个词左右的英文文章或段落一篇。(3)测试目的
测试考生英译汉的技巧与能力。(4)选材原则
(a)材料取自英语国家的报刊或书籍。
(b)题材和内容具有普遍性、社会性及现实意义，难度适中。
4．汉译英(1)测试要求
要求考生运用汉译英的理论和技巧，翻译介绍我国国情、经济发展、文化背景以及风土人情等的文章或段落。速度为每小时340个词左右。译文应忠实于原意，语言通顺。(2)题型
本部分为主观试题，长度为170个词左右的中文文章或段落一篇。(3)测试目的
测试考生汉译英的技巧与能力。(4)选材原则(a)材料取自中文报刊或书籍。
(b)题材和内容具有普遍性、社会性以及现实意义，难度适中
5．口语(1)测试要求
要求考生掌握英语口语表达和语言组织的基本技能，包括语音语调、措辞、句法、语句的连贯与说话的流利度。(2)题型
可采取以下任何一种：
(a)按所给题目的要求作命题发言。
(b)按所给图表及要求作叙述或发表评论。
(c)按所给书面短文(长度为300个词左右)和要求 回答问题或发表评论。(3)测试目的
测试考生的英语口语技能。
想不想知道自己的英语词汇量？(4)选材原则
供命题发言的题目带有普遍性或争议性，为考生所熟悉。
6．口译(1)测试要求
要求考生具备口译基本技能，掌握英译汉、汉译英的口译基本技巧。口译应准确、流利地传达原话意思，语音语调正确，用词与句法基本准确。(2)题型
口译采用段落翻译或对话翻译：段落翻译量为四段，对话翻译量为一段；英译汉与汉译英总量为650个词左右，每一句段的英语或汉语后有l5～30秒的间隙供考生口译。(3)测试目的
测试考生的英译汉、汉译英的基本技能和基本技巧。(4)选材原则
(a)从一般话题范围内的对话、致辞、讲话、讲座等材料中选取口译材料。(b)V1译材料题材带有普遍性，围绕社会、时代与日常生活内容，难度适中。
第五篇：口译考试
3.2中国酒店
中国的酒店按照星级标准划分为一级、二级和三级酒店。
五星级和大多数的四星级酒店属于一级酒店。一级酒店的客房配备了全套浴室，冰箱，电话以及卫星电视。这些酒店都拥有可以通过中央空调设备调节气温的遥控。其他由酒店提供的附属设施包括如商务中心、会议设施、美容室、桑拿浴室、外汇和保龄球中心、迪斯科舞厅、游泳池、健身馆、饭店、咖啡厅、购物中心以及酒吧等，全天24小时开放。
二级酒店大致包括三星级酒店和一些二星级酒店。其客房设施和服务没有达到一级酒店的标准。不过，旅游团通常更乐意选择住二级酒店。
说到设施和服务，三级酒店看起来跟西方国家的汽车旅馆差不多。这些三级酒店的硬件设施自然比起那些二级酒店来是要差一些。但是，这些酒店的费用只需低于二级酒店价格的一半的价格。因此，也广受游客的喜欢。
3.3 史蒂夫 福布斯谈《福布斯》
我祖父20世纪初来到美国。他离开英格兰时身上没什么钱。连他在内兄弟姐妹10人，不过他自小就受到很好的教育。像许多人一样，他也是满怀憧憬和理想来到美国的。他创办了《福布斯》杂志，报道那些实干家，那些改变商业社会的人。
我祖父常说，做生意不是堆积百万财富，而是为带来幸福快乐。如今我们讲到公司、经营，文章中会用到许多数字，但焦点一直放在人上面。对公司来说，最重要的是人，而不是资产负债表。以前我祖父是这样看的，我们现在也是这样看的。
当前的世界信息泛滥，足以将人淹没，人们迫切需要一本刊物来解读这些信息，告诉读者哪些重要，哪些不重要。这就是《福布斯》的价值所在。我们提供额外的视角和判断。我们从不停留于表面，总想看看公司到底是如何经营的，正是当今芜杂繁多的信息使得《福布斯》日益重要。
3.4 Introduction to an arts and crafts company
Distinguished guests, dear friends,I feel honored to have this opportunity to introduce our company to you through the platform provided by this conference.Founded 15 years ago, we are a company specializing in the design, manufacture and sales of handicrafts.Fifteen years ago our staff numbered 50;now the figure is 1,700.Fifteen years ago we rented a facility covering a floor space of 4,500 square meters;now our own facility covers a floor space of 24,000 square meters.These figures speak loudly and clearly of our success.Our leading products are various architectural exotic European cathedrals, the Empire State Building, the White House, and the Pentagon in the U.S., along with cartoon animal toys and Christmas gifts with a variety of designs.Our designs have become trend setters in the industry.Nowadays, our products are sold worldwide in more than twenty countries including Japan, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, America, the UK, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Germany.They are well received by both local importers and customers.For fifteen years our output value has manifested an annual growth rate of 30%.4.4 Preserve core values of the Lunar New Year
To people of Chinese descent around the world, the Lunar New Year(also called Spring Festival)is undoubtedly the most important festival of the year.Dating back 3,000 years, it celebrates the passing of a peaceful year and welcomes a new year.The reunion dinner, eaten on New Year’s Eve, is the most special, with members of the extended family gathering for the most significant meal of the year.Even the absent members will endeavor to return home in time for it.It underscores the supreme importance of the family in Chinese culture, and aims at strengthening the sense of togetherness and cohesion.The way people celebrate the New Year embodies two important core values.The first value is the sense of family togetherness;members of multi-generation families are all there to have a big reunion dinner.Everyone will follow this custom.The female members are always held responsible for preparing the dinner, and some rich families may take on extra hands.The second value lies in the happy visits mutually made between friends and relatives, a good way to strengthen kinship and friendship.However, economic development has resulted in some changes in lifestyles.After a busy year, people are tired of preparing for the reunion dinner, and would rather hold their reunion dinner in posh restaurants, despite the exorbitant costs.The festival door-to door visits have given way to New Year greetings via telephone or text messages.Some families even go to such extremes as to travel and seek temporary refuge in a hotel so as to avoid being visited.Some tradition-minded people regard the reunion dinner and visits to relatives and close friends during the New Year as core values, without which the holiday would lose much of its significance.Some pessimists contend that, as the popularity of western culture grows, Chinese traditional festivals gradually lose their original meaning and degenerate into commercial festivals like Christmas.The Spring Festival is an important part of the Chinese cultural heritage, and it will continue to be celebrated.The modes of celebration may change, but the core value should be sustained: that of respect for kinship and friendship.5.2 游览白宫
两百多年来，白宫作为美国总统、美国政府以及美国人民的标志一直屹立在那里。和这个国家的首都的历史一样，白宫的历史开始于1790年12月。华盛顿总统和城市设计师皮埃尔·雷芬一起选择该址作为新的居住地，即现在的宾夕法尼亚大街1600号。
1792年10月，当第一块奠基石造好的时候，白宫的建设就开始了。尽管华盛顿总统监督了白宫的建设，但是他从未入主白宫。直到1800年，也就是白宫临近竣工的时候，第一位入主者约翰·亚当斯总统和他的妻子阿比盖尔搬进了白宫。从那以后，每位入主白宫的总体都会改变原有的装潢或摆设，使得白宫以新面貌出现。
白宫有着极其独特和引人注目的历史。1814年，白宫曾被付之一炬。1929年，白宫的西翼也曾被纵火。白宫的内部全部修复过。尽管如此，其外围石墙就是两百多年前白宫建成时建造的。
在星期二至星期六这段时间的上午，白宫是全面开放的。而星期天和星期一，则不对外开放。所有在白宫内的旅游观光都是免费的。
在游客进入白宫时，通过安全检查后方可携带照相机入内。但是，在白宫内禁止拍照和录像。
9.3 Multivariate family planning policy in China
It has been over two decades since China adopted the Family Planning Policy.However, there still exist misunderstandings about this policy.People mistakenly think that China’s Family Planning Policy equals the One Child Policy, which allows
one couple to have only one child.Their impression is that this policy is implemented more strictly in urban areas: in cities where people are better-off, one couple can have only one child, while in the poor rural areas, one couple can have two or three children.Furthermore, they think that the One Child Policy is the cause of gender imbalance.I will now clarify these misunderstandings.As a matter of fact, the policy adopted in the early 1980s is a multivariate policy called the Family Planning Policy, or the fertility policy.Its multivariate nature can be proved by two facts.First, the total fertility rate in China now stands at 1.8, which means there is more than one child per family in most areas.For example, there is generally only one child in a family in urban areas, but two in rural areas, and three in ethnic minority areas.In some areas, like Tibet, there are no restrictions at all on the number of children a family can have.We can tell from this fact that China’s Family Planning Policy varies in accordance with the economic and social development level of different areas.Secondly, China is seeing an unbalanced sex ratio at birth at the moment.The sex ratio at birth refers to the number of boys born per 100 girls born.This is not the same concept as the sex ratio of the total population.The unbalance is not entirely the result of the Family Planning Policy.I would like to cite two interesting examples.My first example is the ROK.In 1988, the sex ratio at birth in the ROK was 114, and the ratio now in China is 117.I believe there is no family planning policy in the ROK.My second example is Singapore, whose sex ratio at birth in1984 was 109.Why is it a common problem in Asia? There are two reasons.The first reason is the influence of traditional culture and ideology, that is, a preference for sons, which poses a great problem for the sex ratio at birth.Second, China’s unbalanced birth ratio is attributable to the poor social security in rural areas.The Chinese government has launched a nationwide Girl Care Project to hamper the rising sex ratio at birth.This project aims to educate the general public to abandon their traditional preference for male children and to advocate female children’s status and rights.Secondly, the Chinese government is also making an effort to establish and improve the social security system, particularly in rural areas.Thirdly, the phenomenon of allowing one child for urban families and two to three children for families in poor areas is called reverse selection of population quality.I have two points to make in the regard.The policy in rural areas is made in accordance with the economic situation there.The social security system is being gradually improved in rural areas.If a stringent One Child policy is to be introduced in this process, the household insurance coverage is likely to be reduced for rural families.Therefore, the number of children allowed in rural families is dependent on the economic situation.10.3 中国与欧盟的关系
女士们、先生们、朋友们：
今天，我很荣幸给大家介绍欧盟的一些情况以及欧盟与中国的关系。
欧盟全称叫欧洲联盟，是在欧洲共同体基础上有25个独立的国家组成的，目的是为了加强政治、经济和社会合作。原来叫“欧共体”或“欧洲经济共同体”。
目前的25个成员国是：奥地利、比利时、丹麦、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、爱尔兰、意大利、卢森堡、荷兰、葡萄牙、西班牙、瑞典、英国、塞浦路斯（希腊部分）、捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚、匈牙利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、马耳他、波兰、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚。欧盟25国总面积400平方公里，差不多半个中国的面积。总人口数为4.544亿，排行第三，仅次于中国和印度，约占世界总人口的7%。
欧盟同一货币为欧元，2002年一月正式启用。到目前为止，已经有12个欧盟国家用欧元取代其本国货币。同一货币使旅行和价格比较容易些，它还为欧洲的商业往来、刺激增长和竞争创造了一个稳定的环境。
目前为止，欧盟的国内生产总值逾10万亿美元。作为一个整体，这个规模与它的主要竞争对手美国差不多。经济总量和贸易总额分别占全球25%和35%。
欧盟与中国的关系十分良好。今年5月欧盟与中国就建交30周年了。去年，欧盟与中国的进出口贸易总额达到2，000亿欧元。德国是中国的最大贸易伙伴，英国、荷兰名列第二和第三。
欧盟正抓住当前这一大好历史机遇-团结曾经分裂的欧洲大陆，创造一个和平、稳定、民主的欧洲。这次欧盟的扩大还将创造一个几乎拥有5亿消费者的大市场，这个市场饱含经济的增长和不断繁荣的极大潜力。
我的话完了，谢谢大家！
11.3倾销与反倾销
如果一家公司以比自己国内正常市场价格更低的价格出口商品，即构成“倾销”。有些人认为这是不正当竞争但有些则持不同意见。但许多国家的政府采取一些行动抵制倾销行为以保护本国市场。世贸组织的协定并没有针对反倾销的制裁措施。它侧重于规定一些政府是否可以或者不可以对倾销行为采取行动-它通常被称为“反倾销协定”。
典型的反倾销行动的手段是指对特定的出口国的特定产品征收额外进口关税，以便将其价格接近“正常价值”或消除对进口国国内产业的损害。
一般而言，美国、欧盟、澳大利亚和加拿大一直是反倾销措施的主要支持者。四个传统成员发起的案件占了世贸组织反倾销案件总数的45%之多的记录。
为什么发展中国家容易被锁定？
首先，外向型经济容易引起贸易争端。由于积极从事出口是促进国内经济发展的捷径，许多发展中国家采取了出口型政策。因此，他们的经济比发达国家更依赖于对外贸易，发展中国家和发达国家难免会有许多摩擦冲突。
第二，发展中国家的出口价格非常低。由于劳动力比发达国家更便宜，产品成本低是可以理解的。此外，来自发展中国家的产品往往不是精心设计也不是成品，从而会影响价格。相反，发达国家的劳动密集型产业是夕阳产业，它们远远没有其他知识型产业有竞争力。产品价格在它们的国内市场上不合情理的高。这些因素容易引起国内产业和当局的注意。
12.4 The Secret of Nano Technology
The term nanotechnology may not sound unfamiliar any more.It has become a buzzword within the hi-tech community, but when asked what’s it about and its impact on our life, I’m afraid many people are not able to answer right away.In fact, it’s already a part of daily life for many.The promise of nanotechnology is almost unlimited.If you think nanotechnology is all in the future, think again.Nano trousers are already on sale in the United States.They feel like ordinary cotton trousers but there’s a thin nano layer, which resists spills and stains.So, if you spill your drink, this is what happens, it just runs off.The trousers aren’t even damp.So nano technology is the science of the very small.But how small is small? Well imagine I was shrunk to a 1,000 times smaller.I’d be about as big as the eye of a fly, but nano is even
smaller than that.In fact, much, much smaller.Imagine I was shrunk again, this time 10,000 times.I’d be about as big as a virus, but nano is even smaller than that.You’d have to shrink4 me another 100 times to get the nano version of me, a billion times smaller than the real me.Industry is already building devices on that scale.Here in Cambridge they’re making very thin nano layers of a plastic that emits light when electrical current runs through it.The technology will soon be on the market, in mobile phones with very bright, energy-saving displays.People will see these initially in fairly simple products like mobile phones but ultimately they will be in TV’s, and when the technology moves on to plastic, you’ll have the roll-down TV that you can put on your wall.Nanotechnology can also be applied to medicine.Ultimately, it will be applied in making a chip that can go into the body, which will release a drug or a whole variety of drugs at an assigned period of time, thus having a healing effect on the body.Nanotechnology can be used in many other fields which are closely related to our daily life as well.The promise of nanotechnology is almost unlimited.That’s why the government is backing itstrongly, yet still many critics fear possible side effects.
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