第一篇：高考英语考点典型陷阱题分析-定语从句与强调句
高考英语考点典型陷阱题分析-定语从句与强调句
典型高考英语陷阱题详解-定语从句
1.The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains.A.which was B.it was C.which were D.them were 【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。
【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：(1)Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some fruit shops.A.which is B.it is C.which are D.them are(2)The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station.A.which are B.it is C.which is D.them are(3)Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.A.which are B.it is C.which is D.them are
2.A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”
A.that B.which C.where D.what 【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。
【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？
3.David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like.A.that B.who C.as D.whom 【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查such „ that „句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。
【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such „ that „(如此„„以至„„)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such „ that „，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him： David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like him.A.that B.who C.as D.whom 请再做以下试题（答案选D）：
It was not such a good dinner _________ she had promised us.A.like B.that C.which D.as
4.The buses, most of _________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A.that B.it C.them D.which 【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses。
【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses。类似地，以下各题也选D：
(1)His house, for _________ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A.that B.it C.them D.which(2)Ashdown forest, through _________ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.A.that B.it C.them D.which(3)This I did at nine o’clock, after _________ I sat reading the paper.A.that B.it C.them D.which 类似地，以下各题选 whom，不选 them：
(4)George, with _________ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A.that B.him C.them D.whom(5)Her sons, both of _________ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A.that B.who C.them D.whom(6)I met the fruit-pickers, several of _________ were still university students.A.that B.who C.them D.whom
5.He had a lot of friends, only a few of _________ invited to his wedding.A.whom B.them C.which D.who 【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A。比较：
(1)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ carried out in their work.A.which B.them C.what D.that 答案选B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过去分词。
(2)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ were carried out in their work.A.which B.them C.what D.that 答案选A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were。
(3)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _________ were carried out in their work.A.which B.them C.what D.that 答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。
6.On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents seated together joking.A.their B.whose C.which D.that 【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是A。与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题：
(1)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were seated together joking.A.their B.whose C.which D.that 选B。whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语 were seated。
(2)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _________ parents were seated together joking.A.their B.whose C.which D.that 选A。因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。
(3)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sitting together joking.A.their B.whose C.which D.that 选A。their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。
(4)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sat together joking.A.their B.whose C.which D.that 选B。whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 sat。(5)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were sitting together joking.A.their B.whose C.which D.that 选B。whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting。
7.If the man is only interested in your looks, _________ just shows how shallow he is.A.as B.which C.what D.that 【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选 that，而不选 which：(1)If you promise to go with us, _________ will be OK.A.as B.which C.and it D.that(2)If you want a double room, _________ will cost another ￡15.A.as B.which C.what D.that(3)Whether you go or not, _________ is quite all right with me.A.that B.which C.and it D.so(4)When I say two hours, _________ includes time for eating.A.as B.which C.what D.that 典型高考英语陷阱题详解-强调句
1.“How was _________ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.”
A.it that B.he that C.it when D.he which 【陷阱】几个干扰项均可能误选。
【分析】答案选A，为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为： It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.比较以下各题，它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式：(1)Who was it _________ saved the drowning girl? A.since
B.as
C.that D.he 答案选C，被强调成分为 who，该句实为类似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl.这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的Tom 提问而得）。(2)What is it _________ his daughter needs most? A.what
B.which
C.that D.if 答案选C，被强调成分为 what，该句实为类似 It is a bike that his daughter needs most.这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的a bike 提问而得）。
2.“Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” “It was in the hall _________ the students often have a meeting.”
A.where B.which C.that D.when 【陷阱】很可能误选C，认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语 in the hall。
【分析】假若选C，即有 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting，该句的意思是“学生们通常是在大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是“你是在哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的?”假若将答句改为 It was in the hall that I found the professor，则完全可以。
其实，此题的最佳答案是A，where the students often have a meeting 为定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词 the hall，句意为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅(找到教授的)”，这样语意就通顺了。
3.It was what he meant rather than what he said _________ annoyed me.A.which B.as C.what D.that 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题为一个强调句型，空格处应填 that(即选D)，被强调成分为 what he meant rather than what he said。句意为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思”。请再看两例：
(1)It was his nervousness in the interview _________ probably lost him the job.A.which
B.since
C.that D.what 答案选C，为强调句型，被强调成分为 his nervousness in the interview，句意为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去了这份工作”。
(2)It is the ability to do the job _________ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.one
B.that
C.what D.it 答案选B，为强调句型，被强调成分为 the ability to do the job，句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你来自何地或你是从事什么工作的”。
4.It was in the small house _________ was built with stones by his father _________ he spent his childhood.A.which, that B.that, which C.which, which D.that, where 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是分不清为强调句型，或即使分清为强调句型，也分不清强调哪一个成分。
【分析】答案选A，第一空填 which，用以引导定语从句；第二空填that，为强调句的结构词，被强调部分为 in the small house(以及修饰它的定语从句 which was built with stones by his father)。此题难就难在强调句型中套用了定语从句。请再看类似例子：(1)It was the boy _________ had been in prison _________ stole the money.A.who, where B.that, how C.who, that D.that, which 此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 the boy(以及修饰它的定语从句who had been in prison)。
(2)It was just in the room _________ he was born _________ he died.A.where, which B.that, that C.where, that D.which, that 此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 in this room，where he was born 为修饰 the room 的定语从句。
5.“Was it under the tree _________ you were away talking to a friend?” “Sure.But when I got back there, the bike was gone.A.that B.where C.which D.while 【陷阱】此题很容易误选A，认为这是强调句型。
【分析】其实此题应选D。做好此题的关键是正确理解上下文的语境。在此句中，it 是代词，指代 the bike，句意为：“当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候，你的自行车是在这树下吗?”“当然，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。”现在反过来分析一下，假若选A，将此句判为强调句，句子即为 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend? 若进一步转换为非强调句，句子则为 Under the tree while you were talking to a friend，句意显然很荒唐。
6.It’s more than half a century _________ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.A.when B.that C.since D.while 【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是强调句型。
【分析】假若选B，将此句分析为强调句，那么若将此句还原为非强调句就应该是My grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people more than half a century.很显然, 句中的 more than half a century 是一段时间，然而它修饰的谓语动词 joined„became 却是两个终止性动词，这显然不合适。其实，此题应选C，属于“It is＋一段时间＋since 从句”句型，句意为“我爷爷加入党组织成为人民的公仆已有半个多世纪了”。此句的主句谓语也可以用现在完成时态(has been)，但在口语中多用一般现在时代替。
7.It was lack of money, not of effort, _________ defeated their plan.A.which B.as C.that D.what 【陷阱】容易误选A，受空格前逗号的影响，误认为这是一个非限制性定语从句，从而误选了A。
【分析】其实，此题最佳答案为C，整个句子为强调句，被强调成分为 lack of money, not of effort。由于句中插入 not of effort 这一结构，干扰了许多同学对 it was lack of money that defeated their plan 这一强调句的认识和理解。
第二篇：高考陷阱题系列——定语从句
高考陷阱题系列——定语从句考点
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1.The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.A.which was B.it was C.which were D.them were
【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。
【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：
(1)Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.A.which is B.it is
C.which are D.them are
(2)The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.A.which are B.it is C.which is D.them are
(3)Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.A.which are B.it is C.which is D.them are
2.A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A.that B.which C.where D.what 【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。
【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？
3._____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.It B.As C.That D.What
【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。
【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：
_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.It B.As C.That D.What
此题答案选 A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。再比较下面一组题，其中第(1)题选 B，第(2)题选 D：
(1)______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A.Which B.As C.That D.It
(2)______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A.Which B.As C.That D.It
4.David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.A.that B.who C.as D.whom
【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that …(如此……以至……)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him： David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.A.that B.who C.as D.whom
请再做以下试题（答案选D）：
It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.A.like B.that C.which D.as
5.The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A.that B.it C.them D.which
【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses。
【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses。类似地，以下各题也选D：(1)His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A.that B.it C.them D.which
(2)Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.A.that B.it C.them D.which
(3)This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper.A.that B.it C.them D.which
类似地，以下各题选 whom，不选 them：
(4)George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A.that B.him C.them D.whom
(5)Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A.that B.who C.them D.whom
(6)I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ were still university students.A.that B.who C.them own field.A.whom B.them C.which D.who
【陷阱】容易误选 B，用 them 代指 students。
【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语从句。假若在many of… 的前面加上连词and，则选答案B。比较以下各题(答案均选A)：
(1)He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ was easy to answer.D.whom
6.He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their A.which B.them C.what A.them C.what D.that B.which D.that(2)He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______ was easy to answer.(3)He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _______ knew anything about the other.A.whom B.them C.which D.who
(4)He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _______ knew anything about the other.A.them B.whom
C.which D.who
7.He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.A.whom B.them C.which D.who
【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A。比较：
(1)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.A.which B.them C.what D.that
答案选B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过去分词。
(2)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ were carried out in their work.A.which B.them C.what D.that
答案选A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were。
(3)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _______ were carried out in their work.A.which B.them C.what D.that
答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。
8.On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated together joking.A.their B.whose
C.which D.that
【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是A。与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题：
(1)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.A.their B.whose
C.which D.that
选B。whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语 were seated。
(2)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.A.their B.whose
C.which D.that 选A。因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。
(3)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sitting together joking.A.their B.whose
C.which D.that
选A。their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。
(4)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sat together joking.A.their B.whose
C.which D.that
选B。whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 sat。
(5)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.A.their B.whose
C.which D.that
选B。whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting。
9.If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.A.as B.which C.what D.that
【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选 that，而不选 which：
(1)If you promise to go with us, _____ will be OK.A.as B.which C.and it D.that
(2)If you want a double room, _____ will cost another ￡15.A.as B.which C.what D.that
(3)Whether you go or not, _______ is quite all right with me.A.that B.which C.and it D.so
(4)When I say two hours, _____ includes time for eating.A.as B.which C.what D.that
10.She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.A.which B.when C.how D.where
【陷阱】容易误选B，机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when，地点名词后用关系副词 where。
【分析】正确答案为A。在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来，若用作主语或宾语，用关系代词；若用作状语，则用关系副词。上面一题中的动词 spent 缺宾语，故应用关系代词 which或that。比较下面一题，由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语，所以选关系副词when：
She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she works as a secretary in our company.A.which B.when C.how D.where
请再做一组试题(答案均选A)：
(1)Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.A.which B.when C.how D.where
选A，which 在定语从句中用作动词 bought 的宾语。
(2)Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.A.which B.when C.how D.where
选A，which 在定语从句中用作主语。
(3)Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.A.where B.when C.that D.which
选A，where 在定语从句中用作状语。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1.All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _______ in the forest.A.once they grew B.they grew once
C.they once grew D.once grew
2.In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm, _____ many people have gone home.A.that B.which
C.whose time D.by which time
3.Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A.he explained B.what he explained C.how he explained D.why he explained
4.Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ______ we would have lost our way.A.it B.that C.this D.which
5.When he was working there he caught a serious illness from _____ efforts he still suffers.A.which B.that C.whose D.what
6.It’s said that he’s looking for a new job, one ______ he can get more money to support his family.A.when B.where C.that D.which
7.We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computer.A.which B.that C.whose D.when
8.The little time we have together we’ll try _____ wisely.A.spending it B.to spend it C.to spend to work.A.that, the place B.it, the place C.which, where D.what, where
10.We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _______ other visitors seldom go.A.what B.which
C.where D.when
11.The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, ______ the country became united.A.when B.if C.since forest.A.once they grew B.they grew once C.that once grew D.once grew
13.You could see the runners very well from ______ we stood.A.which B.where C.that D.when
14.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.A.which price B.the price of which C.its price D.the price of whose D.spending that
9.The old building, behind _______ was a famous church, was _______ we used D.until
12.All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _____ in the 15.What have you got _____ will help a cold? A.what C.it B.that D.who
16.He was very angry and I can still remember the way _____ he spoke to me.A.how B.that C.what D.which
17.Do you know the man from ________ house the pictures were stolen? A.which B.that C.what D.whose
18.I can think of many cases _______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.A.why B.which C.as D.where
19.Is this all that you need? If you married me, I’d give you everything you _____.A.want B.wanted
C.had wanted D.are wanting
20.I met the teacher in the street yesterday ________ taught me English three years ago.A.which B.when C.where D.who
21.He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A.where B.which C.while D.why
22.He made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science.A.which I think is B.which I think it is C.which I think it D.I think is
23.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____, of course, made the others unhappy.A.who B.which C.this D.what
24.Their problem today is somewhat similar to _____ they faced many years ago.A.that B.which C.that which D.it
25.I saw some trees the leaves of _____ were black with disease.A.that B.which C.it D.what
26.The famous basketballer, _______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.A.where B.when C.which D.who
27.When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the girl brought out a cheaper one, _______ she had arranged with James.A.the which was what C.which was what
【答案与解析】
1.选 C。先行词是 those，可视为 those flowers 之省略。they once grew 前省略了关系代词 which。全句意为：这儿所养的花是由他们曾在森林里种植的花培养出来的。
2.选D。by which time 引出的是一个非限制性定语从句，其中 by which time 相当于 and by that time。
3.选 A。注意不能选 D，因为动词 explained 缺宾语。4.选 D。which 指 the road map。
5.选C。from whose efforts he still suffers 为修饰 a serious illness 的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语，修饰 efforts。
6.选B。where 引导定语从句修饰 one。注：one 在此指 a new job。类似地，B.what was that D.that was that
下面一题的答案是C，因为one that 相当于 a problem that： The problem is _____ has caused us a lot of trouble.A.one B.that C.one that D.that one
7.选 D。先行词是表时间的 age(时代)，由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用 when。
8.选C。该句的正常词序为 We will try to spend the little time we have together wisely.9.选C。第一空填 which，指 the old building；第二空填 where，用以引导表语从句。
10.选 C。先行词是地点名词 places，由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用 where。
11.选A。when 引导的是非限制性定语从句。
12.选C。that once grew in the forest 为修饰 those 的定语从句。13.选B。where 在此相当于 the place where。
14.选 B。the price of which was very reasonable 为非限制性定语从句，其中的 the price of which 相当于 and its price 或 and the price of it。假若空格前有并列连词 and，则可选 C。
15.选B。that will help a cold 为修饰 what 的定语从句。比较：Have you got anything that will help a cold? 以及 I’ve got nothing that will help a cold.16.选B。the way 后不接how 引导的从句，换句说，how 不是关系代词或关系副词，不能引导定语从句。以the way 为先行词的定语从句通常用 that 或 in which 来引导，在非正式文体中也可省略 that 和 in which。
17.选D。from whose house the pictures were stolen 为修饰 the man 的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语，修饰 house。
18.选 D。先行词是 many cases，关系副词 where =in which。
19.选A。尽管句中用了 if you married me, I’d give you everything 这样的虚 拟语气句子，但修饰everything 的定语从句(that)you want 却要用陈述语语气，因为它是回答前面 Is this all that you need? 这一提问的。20.选 D。因定语从句缺主语，且关系代词指人，故选D。
21.选A。where 所引导的为修饰 a dangerous situation 的定语从句。22.选 A。选项中的 I think 是插入语，若略去不看便可清楚地看出答案。23.选 B。of course 为插入语，若将项其去掉，则答案显然是B。24.选C。that which相当于 the problem which。25.选B。the leaves of which 相当于 whose leaves。
26.选 D。先行词是 The famous basketballer(著名的篮球明星)，故要用 who 来引导定语从句，因为其余三项均不用于指人。
27.选 C。which 引导一个非限制性定语从句，其中 which 指代 a cheaper one，且在定语从句中用作主语。which was what 中的 what引导一个表语从句，它相当于 the one that。
第三篇：2012高考英语典型陷阱题详解1强调句
2012高考英语典型陷阱题详解1强调句
1.____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.A.It was we being late B.It was our being late
C.It was we were too late D.It was because we were late
【陷阱】此题容易误选D，认为强调的是原因状语从句 because we were late.【分析】但实际上，此题的答案为B，强调的是句子主语 our being late，此题若还原成非强调句，即为：
Our being late caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.注意，强调句的一个显著特点是，若去掉强调结构 it is [was]„ that„，句子仍然成立；换句话说，该结构中的 that 不能充当句子成分。
2.“How was ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.”
A.it that B.he that
C.it when D.he which
【陷阱】几个干扰项均可能误选。
【分析】答案选A，为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为：
It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.比较以下各题，它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式：
（1）Who was it _____ saved the drowning girl?
A.since B.as C.that D.he
答案选C，被强调成分为 who，该句实为类似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl.这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的Tom 提问而得）。
（2）What is it _____ his daughter needs most?
A.what B.which C.that D.if
答案选C，被强调成分为 what，该句实为类似 It is a bike that his daughter needs most.这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的a bike 提问而得）。
3._____ was very ______ that little Jim wrote the letter.A.It, careful B.It, carefully
C.He, careful D.He, carefully
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，但最有可能误选的可能是A，认为这是一个普通的系表结构，即认为第二空要填形容词作表语。
【分析】其实，此题是一个强调句，其非强调形式为 Little Jim wrote the letter very carefully.若用 it is „ that„ 的强调句式强调其中的状语 very carefully 即为上面一题的题干，所以答案应选B.请看下面几例，也属强调结构:
（1）It was when she was about to go to bed ______ the telephone rang.A.since B.as C.that D.then
答案选C，被强调成分为 when she was about to go to bed 这一时间状语从句。
（2）It may have been at Christmas _____ John gave Mary a handbag.A.before B.who C.that D.when
答案选C，被强调成分为 at Christmas，其中的动词 be 采用了 may have been 这一较为复杂的形式。
4.“Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” “It was in the hall ______ the students often have a meeting.”
A.where B.which
C.that D.when
【陷阱】很可能误选C，认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语 in the hall.【分析】假若选C，即有 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting，该句的意思是“学生们通常是在大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是“你是在哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的？”假若将答句改为 It was in the hall that I found the professor，则完全可以。
其实，此题的最佳答案是A，where the students often have a meeting 为定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词 the hall，句意为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅（找到教授的）”，这样语意就通顺了。
5.It was what he meant rather than what he said ______ annoyed me.A.which B.as
C.what D.that
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题为一个强调句型，空格处应填 that（即选D），被强调成分为 what he meant rather than what he said.句意为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思”。请再看两例：
（1）It was his nervousness in the interview ______ probably lost him the job.A.which B.since C.that D.what
答案选C，为强调句型，被强调成分为 his nervousness in the interview，句意为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去了这份工作”。
（2）It is the ability to do the job ______ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.one B.that C.what D.it
答案选B，为强调句型，被强调成分为 the ability to do the job，句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你来自何地或你是从事什么工作的”。
6.It was in the small house ______ was built with stones by his father ______ he spent his childhood.A.which, that B.that, which
C.which, which D.that, where
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是分不清为强调句型，或即使分清为强调句型，也分不清强调哪一个成分。
【分析】答案选A，第一空填 which，用以引导定语从句；第二空填that，为强调句的结构词，被强调部分为 in the small house（以及修饰它的定语从句 which was built with stones by his father）。此题难就难在强调句型中套用了定语从句。请再看类似例子：
（1）It was the boy _____ had been in prison _____ stole the money.A.who, where B.that, how
C.who, that D.that, which
此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 the boy（以及修饰它的定语从句who had been in prison）。
（2）It was just in the room _____ he was born _____ he died.A.where, which B.that, that
C.where, thatD.which, that
此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 in this room，where he was born 为修饰 the room 的定语从句。
7.Was it five o'clock ______the fire broke out?
A.when B.that
C.whichD.in which
【陷阱】容易误选B，误认为这是强调句。
【分析】其实，此题应选A，这不是强调句。因为在强调句中，若去掉强调句的结构词 it is [was]„that„，句子结构仍然完整，但此句不是这样，若去掉结构词，即为 Five o'clock the fire broke out，句子不完整，但若在five o'clock前加上介词at则可以，因为 at five o'clock 用作时间状语。此题选A可分析为：it 表时间，when the fire broke out 为时间状语从句，全句意为“火灾是5点钟发生的吗？”比较下面一题（答案选B，为强调句）：
Was it at five o'clock ______the fire broke out?
A.when B.that
C.which D.in which 8.“Was it under the tree _____ you were away talking to a friend?” “Sure.But when I got back there, the bike was gone.”
A.that B.where
C.which D.while
【陷阱】此题很容易误选A，认为这是强调句型。
【分析】其实此题应选D.做好此题的关键是正确理解上下文的语境。在此句中，it 是代词，指代 the bike，句意为：“当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候，你的自行车是在这树下吗？”“当然，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。”现在反过来分析一下，假若选A，将此句判为强调句，句子即为 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend? 若进一步转换为非强调句，句子则为 Under the tree while you were talking to a friend，句意显然很荒唐。
9.It's more than half a century _____ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.A.when B.that
C.sinceD.while
【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是强调句型。
【分析】假若选B，将此句分析为强调句，那么若将此句还原为非强调句就应该是My grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people more than half a century.很显然, 句中的 more than half a century 是一段时间，然而它修饰的谓语动词 joined„became 却是两个终止性动词，这显然不合适。其实，此题应选C，属于“It is＋一段时间＋since 从句”句型，句意为“我爷爷加入党组织成为人民的公仆已有半个多世纪了”。此句的主句谓语也可以用现在完成时态（has been），但在口语中多用一般现在时代替。
10.It was lack of money, not of effort, _____ defeated their plan.A.which B.as
C.that D.what
【陷阱】容易误选A，受空格前逗号的影响，误认为这是一个非限制性定语从句，从而误选了A.【分析】其实，此题最佳答案为C，整个句子为强调句，被强调成分为 lack of money, not of effort.由于句中插入 not of effort 这一结构，干扰了许多同学对 it was lack of money that defeated their plan 这一强调句的认识和理解。
第四篇：高考英语考点典型陷阱题分析-动词用法
本资料来源于大家网高考英语论坛http://club.topsage.com/forum-136-1.html 高考英语考点典型陷阱题分析-动词用法
动词用法与辨析
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1.If you want to sell your product you must _____ it.A.advertise B.advertise for C.advertise on D.advertise to
【陷阱】容易误选B，认为 advertise 的意思是“做广告”，advertise for 的意思“为……做广告”。
【分析】事实上，正确答案为A。advertise 可用作及物和不及物动词：用作及物动词时，其意为“为……做广告”、“登广告宣传”；用作不及物动词时，其意为“做广告”、“登广告”，此时通常后接介词 for，表示“做广告征求”。比较：
advertise for sth(sb)登广告征求或寻找某物或某人(此时 advertise 不及物)advertise sth 为……登广告，登广告宣传……(此时 advertise 是及物动词，其后要直接跟被宣传的东西作宾语)People advertise things that they wish to sell.人们为要卖的东西登广告。
The manager wants to advertise for a new secretary.经理想登广告招聘一位新秘书。再比较以下用例：
advertise jobs 登广告招人 advertise for jobs 登广告求职
2.No matter how much you’ve learned and how high a standard of education you have had, you must _______ the people heart and soul.A.serve B.serve for C.serve to D.serve on
【陷阱】容易误选B，即字对字地翻译汉语的“全心全意为人民服务”，将其中的“为”译为 for。【分析】答案选A，serve 意为“为……服务”，可直接用作及物动词，其后不能按汉语意思误加介词 for。请看以下类似例子：
(1)I _____ you yesterday, but you weren’t in.更多精品尽在大家网
http:// A.rang B.rang to C.rang with D.rang to 答案选A，ring 可以用作及物动词，表示“给……打电话”，故其后不用介词。(2)Neither of her parents wanted her to _____ her cousin.A.marry B.marry to C.marry with D.marry for 答案选A，marry 可用作及物或不及物动词，用作及物动词时它的意思“与……结婚”，而不仅仅是“结婚”，也就是说，后接宾语时，无需用介词 to, with 等。(3)How can I _____ you, Mr.Green? A.contact B.contact with C.contact to D.contact for 答案选A，contact 为及物动词，表示“与……联系”，其后不接介词。
3.According to the rules, students must not ______ their books during examinations.A.read B.watch C.notice D.look at
【陷阱】容易误选A。因为按照英语一般习惯：看书看报用动词 read，看电视用动词watch，看电影用动词see，看比赛用动词watch，看黑板用动词look at，等等。
【分析】一般说来，汉语的“看书”至少有两层意思，一是指阅读性地看书，即看书＝读书，此时通常用动词read；另一种看书则不是指阅读性地看书，而只是大概地翻一翻或看一看，比如看看书的封面、定价、内容提要等，或者回答问题时看看书的某些章节或字句以及考试时偷看书本等等，此时通常都不宜用动词read，而应根据情况选用其他动词(如 look at)。又如： Let me have a look at the book.让我看看或翻翻这本书。
Please answer my questions without looking at your books.请不看书回答我的问题。
4.“I love traveling.I hope to go with you this time.” “But does your mother _____ you to go?” A.let B.agree C.allow D.promise
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http:// 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案为C。不能选A是因为 let 后用作宾语补足语的不定式不能带 to；不能选B是因为动词 agree习惯上不用于 agree sb to do sth 这一句式；不能选D是因为在 promise sb to do sth 这一句式中，to do sth 的逻辑主语是 promise 的主语而不其是宾语，比如 He promised me to go 的意思是“他答应我，他去”，而不是“他答应我让我去”。之所以能选C，是因为 allow sb to do sth（允许某人做某事）与上文语境刚好吻合。
5.If they _______ to make heart-felt apologies soon we will have to bring an action against them.A.disagreed B.refused C.agreed D.hoped
【陷阱】容易误选A，根据 agree to do sth(同意做某事)，想当然地类推出 disagree to do sth(不同意或不愿意做某事)。
【分析】事实上，语言有很多问题是不能类推的，如上面这一例，英语可说 agree to do sth，但习惯上却不说 disagree to do sth。类似地，英语中可说 like doing [to do] sth，但在现代英语中习惯上说 dislike doing sth，却不说dislike to do sth。其实上面一题的最佳答案是B，refuse to do sth 意为“拒绝做某事”或“不愿做某事”。
6.They own two cars, not to _____ a motorbike.A.speak B.say C.talk D.mention
【陷阱】很容易根据“他们拥有两辆小汽车，更不用说一辆摩托车了”这一中文语境而选择B。【分析】其实最佳答案为D。因为not to say 和 not to mention 均为习语，但其含义区别甚大：
not to mention＝更不用说，此外还有 not to say＝虽不能说，即使不能说
It is warm, not to say hot.天气虽说不上热，但也够暖了。
He was impolite, not to say rude.他即使不是粗鲁，至少也是没有礼貌。
There’re ten of us ready to help, not to mention the children.我们有10个人愿意帮忙，还不算小孩。
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http:// They have three dogs to look after, not to mention the cat and the bird.他们有三只狗要照顾，更别提那只猫和鸟了。
7.“Do your parents agree to your doing that?” “Yes, of course.In fact, they always ______ me to try something new.” A.hope B.suggest C.support D.encourage
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。因为若仅从汉语意思来看，四个选项均可填入空格处。【分析】其实此题的正解答案是D。因为在以上四个选项中，只有encourage 可后接不定式的复合结构作宾语，即可用于 encourage sb to do sth，而其余三者均不可后接不定式的复合结构作宾语，即英语中习惯上不说 hope sb to do sth, suggest sb to do sth, support sb to do sth。顺便说一句，以下英汉语表达也有类似差别，请注意： 汉语说“希望某人做某事”，但英语不说 hope sb to do sth。汉语说“同意某人做某事”，但英语不说 agree sb to do sth。汉语说“不同意某人做某事”，但英语不说disagree sb to do sth。汉语说“害怕某人做某事”，但英语不说 fear sb to do sth。汉语说“拒绝某人做某事”，但英语不说 refuse sb to do sth。汉语说“惩罚某人做某事”，但英语不说 punish sb to do sth。汉语说“建议某人做某事”，但英语不说 suggest sb to do sth。汉语说“建议某人做某事”，但英语不说 propose sb to do sth。汉语说“赞成某人做某事”，但英语不说 approve sb to do sth。汉语说“安排某人做某事”，但英语不说 arrange sb to do sth。汉语说“要求某人做某事”，但英语不说 demand sb to do sth。汉语说“感谢某人做某事”，但英语不说 thank sb to do sth。汉语说“指导某人做某事”，但英语不说 guide sb to do sth。汉语说“祝贺某人做某事”，但英语不说 congratulate sb to do sth。汉语说“阻止某人做某事”，但英语不说 prevent sb to do sth。汉语说“通知某人做某事”，但英语不说 inform sb to do sth。汉语说“欢迎某人做某事”，但英语不说 welcome sb to do sth。汉语说“陪伴某人做某事”，但英语不说 accompany sb to do sth。要表示以上汉语意思，英语需改用其他说法。如：
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http:// advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
wish sb to do sth / hope for sb to do sth 希望某人做某事 arrnage for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事 demand of sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 thank sb for doing sth 感谢某人做了某事 congratulate sb on doing sth 祝贺某人做了某事 prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 等等。
8.Nowadays everyone hopes to ______ good education so as to get a good job in the future.A.accept B.accept a C.receive D.receive a
【陷阱】容易误选A或B。因为accept 与 receive 的基本区别是前者表示“接受”，后者表示“收到”，而汉语通常是说“接受教育”，而不是说“收到教育”，所以选A或B，【分析】其实上，此题的正确答案是D，因为英语中习惯说 receive a good education，而不说 accept a good education。另外，education 表示抽象意义的“教育”时，不可数，但表示“一种教育”或“一段教育”时，可与不定冠词连用。
9.Wearing dark glasses can _______ your eyes from the sun.A.care B.prevent C.defend D.protect
【陷阱】容易误选B。因为许多同学一看到题干中的 from，再联系到选项中的 prevent，便马上想起了 prevent … from … 这个常用搭配。
【分析】在 prevent A from B 这一句式中，A 和 B通常具有主谓关系，如在The rain prevented us from going out(下雨使我们不能出去)中，“我们”与“出去”就具有主谓关系。而上面一题不具备此特点。此题正确答案应是 D，protect … from … 意为“保护……免受……”。
10.Mr.Smith was in great need of money, so he ____ $2 000 for his car.A.paid B.took 更多精品尽在大家网 http:// C.cost D.spent
【陷阱】容易误选A，误选的依据是pay … for … 这一搭配。
【分析】若单独说 He paid $2 000 for the car(他付了2 000美元买这车)是完全可以的，但问题是，本句前面有这样一句He was in great need of money(他急需要钱)，既然是“急需要钱”，又怎么还会花2000美元去买车呢？尤其还需注意的是 car 前的物主代词 his，这说明是为自己的车花2000美元钱，不合情理。此题的正确答案是B，take 在此表示“获得”、“得到”，句意为“他急需要钱，把自己的车以2000美元给卖掉了”。
11.There are many kinds _____, but I don’t know which to buy.A.to be chosen B.to choose from C.to choose D.for choosing
【陷阱】此题容易误选C。
【分析】其实应选B。choose 表示“选择”，其实是指“选择出来”(pick out)，而不是指“从……选择”，要表示后者的意思，要用 choose from，有时也用 choose among。同样地，下面两例中的介词 from 也不可省略：
Here are some dictionaries for you choose from.这些词典可供你选择。
In fact, there are various colors to choose from.事实上，有各种各样的颜色可供选择。比较：
He chose a red one.他选了一个红色的。
He chose from some red ones.他从一些红色的当中去选。He didn’t know which to choose.他不知道选哪个。
He didn’t know which to choose from.他不知道从哪个当中去选。请做以下试题(答案选D)：
(1)“We have sent out two best players to the sports meet.What about you?” “Well, not yet.We have few ______, I’d say.” A.chosen B.to choose C.to be chosen D.to choose from(2)“I’d like to buy an expensive camera.” “Well, we have several models ______.” A.to pick up B.to pick C.to choose D.to choose from 更多精品尽在大家网
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12.I _____ him not to go abroad, but he wouldn’t listen.A.persuaded B.tried to persuade C.have persuaded D.was persuaded
【陷阱】容易误选A。
【分析】正确答案为B。persuade 的真正意思是“说服”，而不是“设法说服”，要表示后者的意思英语应用 try to persuade(当然也可用其他词，如 advise 等)。类似地：(1)kill 的意思是“杀死”，不表示“设法杀死”，要表示后者的意思英语用 try to kill。
(2)prevent 的意思是“阻止”，不表示“设法阻止”，要表示后者的意思英语用 try to prevent。
13.When she came several days later, she found that all things still _______ where she had _______ them.A.lay;laid B.laid;laid C.lay;lain D.lying;lain
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】正确答案选A。第一空填lay，它是lie(位于，在)的过去式 lay；第二空 laid，它是 lay(放，置)的过去分词，句意为“……她发现所有东西还在她当时放它们的地方”。请注意 lie, lay 的以下用法及词形变换：
(1)lay 有两个常见意思：一是表示“放”、“摆”(及物)，二是表示“下(蛋)”(及物或不及物)。如： Lay your coat on the bed.把你的外衣放在床上。Are your hens laying yet? 你的母鸡下蛋了吗？
Will you please lay the table for dinner? 请你摆好餐具准备吃饭好吗?(2)lie 有三个主要意思：一是表示“躺”或“平放”，二是表示“位于”，三是表示“说谎”。用于以上三义时，均为不及物动词。如：
Don’t lie in bed all morning.别一个上午都躺在床上。The book lay open on the desk.那本书摊开着放在桌上。Don’t lay your coat on the bed.不要把你的外衣放在床上。The small town lies among the mountains.小镇位于群山之中。I’m sorry I lied to you.我很抱歉向你撒了谎。
(3)这两个词经常被混淆的有时不是其意思，而是其词形。注意下表所示：
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单词------意思------现在分词------过去式------过去分词 lie--躺，位于(vi.)----lying------lay------lain lie--说谎(vi.)--------lying------lied------lied lay-放(vt.)，下蛋(vi.&vt.)-laying-laid-----laid
请做下题(答案均为B)：
(1)The hens _____ 50 eggs last week, but this week they aren’t _____.A.lay, lying B.laid, laying C.lay, laying D.lied, lying(2)The girl ______ on the ground _____ to me that had _____ the purse on the desk.A.lying, lay, laid B.lying, lied, laid C.lie, lied, lay D.lay, lied, lain
14.He _____ a visit to the factory and was warmly _____ by the workers there.A.took, welcome B.took, welcomed C.paid, welcome D.paid, welcomed
【陷阱】容易误选A或C。因为许多同学会模仿 come → came → come 的变化形式，想当然地认为 welcome的变化形式是 welcome → welcame → welcome。
【分析】此题第一空应填动词 paid，因为 pay a visit to（拜访）是惯用搭配，其中的 pay 不能换成take。第二空要填welcomed，因为welcome 用作动词时，其过去式和过去分词均为 welcomed，即它是规则动词。有的同学也许会问，我们不是常说 You are welcome 吗? 为什么其中的 welcome 未用 welcomed 呢？那是因为此处的 welcome 为形容词，而不是动词。
15.The boy said that the fish his mother cooked tasted ______.A.good B.well C.to be good D.to be well
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http:// 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】按英语语法，连系动词后通常接形容词作表语，而不接副词，据此可以排除选项B和D。但到底是应选A还是C呢？许多同学凭感觉认为 taste to be good 似乎很通顺，于是选了C。但是，错了，正确答案应是A。原因是用作连系动词的 taste 后习惯上不接to be。如： 这棵树上的苹果味道很好。
正：The apples from this tree taste delicious.误：The apples from this tree taste to be delicious.类似地，feel, smell, sound 等连系动词后习惯上也不接不定式 to be。如： 你的想法听起来很好。
正：Your idea sounds a good one.误：Your idea sounds to be a good one.玫瑰发出香气。
正：Roses smell sweet.误：Roses smell to be sweet.比较：seem, appear, prove, turn out, continue 等连系动词后可以接不定式 to be，也可省略 to be。如：
She seems(to be)a little tired.她似乎有点累。He appears(to be)quite young.他显得年轻。
The examination turned out(to be)quite easy.结果考试相当容易。The weather continued(to be)fine.天气仍然很好。
注：用作连系动词的 look 后能否接 to be，各语法家意见不一：有的认为可接to be，有的认为不能接 to be。为此，建议同学们以不接 to be 为宜。◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1.We’re so busy that no one in the office can _____ for any other work.A.spare B.be spared C.share D.be shared 2.He regards that book _____ one of the worst that he’s _____ read.A.to be, ever B.to be, never C.as, ever D.as, never
3.“Did you get a job?” “No, I ______, but it’s no use.”
更多精品尽在大家网 http:// A.expected B.tried to C.managed to D.planned 4.“Do you know that Jack ______ a postman for about six years?” “Yes, I see.” A.has become B.has turned C.has changed D.has been 5.The thing that ______ is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.A.matters B.cares C.considers D.minds 6.I don’t want the green coat.It is red and black colours that ______ me very well.A.suit B.fit C.suits D.fits 7.“Will another fifty be enough?” “Just twenty will ______.” A.work B.do C.suit D.fit 8.Goodbye, Mr Carter — my secretary will _____ you to the door.A.send B.lead C.drive D.show
9.This kind of cancer can be cured, provided it is ______ early.A.got B.gained C.seen D.caught
10.We haven’t enough books for everyone;some of you will have to _____.A.help B.enjoy C.share D.spare 11.He asked her to marry him and she _____ him.A.answered B.received C.accepted D.agreed 12.My worst fears were _____ when I saw what the exam questions were.A.done B.seen C.finished D.realized 13.The plan looks good on paper, but will it _____? A.work B.pass C.agree D.does 更多精品尽在大家网
http:// 14.What’s the matter with the radio? Why isn’t it _____? A.broadcasting B.working C.doing D.sounding 15.High unemployment _____ the government billions of pounds in lost taxes.A.spends B.takes C.uses D.costs 16.It’s hard to rescue drowning people because they _____ so much.A.sink B.swim C.jump D.struggle 17.She went to the station to meet her husband, but _____ him in the crowd.A.passed B.recognized C.missed D.lost 18.I missed what was happening because I wasn’t ______ very closely.A.noticing B.running C.watching D.glancing 19.If you lend me a pound, it will _____ me having to go to the bank.A.save B.share C.serve D.help 20.Don’t _______ your breath trying to persuade them;they’ll never listen.A.use B.waste C.spend D.put 21.He has spent little time on his lessons this term, so he _____ to fail the exam.A.expects B.hopes C.wishes D.requires 22.He will never ______ anything if he doesn’t work hard.A.hope B.wish C.achieve D.succeed
【答案与解析】
1.选B，spare 在表示“腾出或省去（多余的人或物）”。
2.选C，regard … as …的意思“把……当作……”，其中的介词 as 不能换成 to be。3.选B。I tried to 为 I tried to get a job 之省略。
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http:// 4.选D。因为A、B、C均为终止性动词，均不能连用 for about six years 这样的一段时间。5.选A。matter 在此的意思是“要紧”、“关系重大”。
6.选A。填空句为强调句，强调主语 red and black colours，故其后的谓语要用复数，即排除C和D。另外，fit 与suit区别是：fit 表示“适合”或“合身”等(及物或不及物)，主要是指尺寸、大小、形状等方面的适合，而 suit 表示“适合”，主要指款式或花色等方面的适合。7.选B。do 在此表示“够”、“足够”、“适合”、“行”、“可以”等义。又如： This will never do!这事永远不可以。
I’m hungry.Get me something to eat.Anything will do.我饿了，给我弄点吃的东西，什么都行。
8.选D。show sb to the door 意为“送某人到门口”。注意，其中的介词 to 不可省略，否则就成了 show sb the door（驱赶某人，下逐客令）。另外，也不要按汉语意思选A，因为send 通常表示派人送，而不表示亲自送。
9.选D，catch 在此表示“发现”，句中的 provided 用作连词，意为“如果”。10.选C。既然书不够，不能每人一本，所以有些人只能share(分享)了。
11.选C。accept 意为“同意”、“接受”，注意不能选D，因为 agree 后不能直接跟名词或代词作宾语。
12.选D。realize 在此的意思不是“实现”，而是指“使(不安、恐惧等)成为事实”。13.选A，work 在此的意思是“起作用”、“奏效”。14.选B。work 在此的意思是“运作”、“运转”。
15.选D。spend 和 cost 均可表示“花费”，但句型不同：spend + 时间或金钱 + on sth(in doing sth)，cost + 某人或某机构 + 金钱或时间。16.选D。由句意和常识推知。17.选C。miss 指“错过”。18.选C，由句子的语境可推知。19.选A，save 指“省去(劳力等)”。20.选B。
21.选A，expects 在此不是表示“期待”，而是表示“预料”。
22.选C，achieve 意为“完成”、“做到”。其余三项均不能直接跟名词或代词作宾语。
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第五篇：定语从句与同位语从句、强调句、状语从句的区别
定语从句与同位语从句、强调句的区别
一、定语从句
1.定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词、词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出 现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which； 关系副词有：when, where, why。2.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
（1）限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意
思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与先行词分开。例：This is the boy who broke the window.（2）非限制性定语从句在意义上只是一个附加修饰语，对先行词或主句作些附加的说明。如果去掉，主
句的意思仍然清楚。书写时往往用逗号与先行词分开。例：I, who am your friend, will share the work with you.3.非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”：（1）非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。
（2）非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which 代替。例：I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.（3）由“介词+关系代词”引导时，关系代词不能用as。（4）指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom，不能省略。4.在定语从句中，下列情况的关系词用that而不用which:（1）先行词被形容词最高级、序数词、数词等几种词修饰或被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时。例：This is the best film that I have ever read.（2）先行词为all, much, little, none, few, one, something, everything, anything等不定代词时。
例：He told me everything that he knows.（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。
例：He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.（4）先行词在主句中作表语或关系词在定语从句中作表语时。例：The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.（5）当主句中含有疑问词which时；或者句中已经有who或which，为了避免重复时。
例：Which are the books that you bought for me ? 5.其他注意事项
（1）当the way做先行词时，只用that, in which或不用关系词。例：What surprised me was not what he said but the way he said it.（2）在限制性定语从句中，名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as不能用which。例：Don’t read such books as you can’t understand.（3）在非限制性定语从句中，as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，像”的含义，可以 放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。例：They won the game, as we had expected.They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.6.定语从句与先行词被分割开来的现象
定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句。在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，阅读时要注意识别先行词的修饰对象。
（1）在定语从句加中插入语，常见的有：I think,I suppose,I guess,I imagine等。辨别的方法是：去掉插入 语后，原句句法结构仍然完整。
例：He made another wonderful discovery,which I think isof importance to science.（2）在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个状语。
例：There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun.（3）在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个定语。
例：Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace? 你还记得吗，十年前的一天下午，我来到你家，找你借了一条钻石项链？
（4）先行词与定语从句被谓语分隔开来。此时，先行词通常是句子的主语，因定语从句较长，主句谓语
较短，为使句子平衡，常将定语从句移至谓语之后。例：A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.7.几个特殊的定语从句句型
（1）He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match.（句中one为先行词）He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students为先行词）（2）Is this place the one(that)we visited yesterday?（句中the one为先行词）Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?（句中 the place为先行词）（3）He stood at the window,from where he could see what was happening.（4）It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.8.定语从句的做题方法：（1）找出主句，确定先行词；
（2）找出从句，判断从句是否完整（是否符合简单句的基本构成）---否，用关系代词；是，用关系副词。
二、同位语从句
1.同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，而且不能省略。例：The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.2.同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例：He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.三、定语从句与同位语从句的区别
1.定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时可以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语）；而同位语从句中的that 是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
2.定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述先行词的性质或特征；同位语 从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。
例：The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语。The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分，用于说明news的内容。
【注意】当主句的谓语部分过短时而从句过长时，同位语从句放在谓语动词的后面，避免头重脚轻。例：Word came that our team had won the game.四、定语从句与状语从句的区别
1.定语从句的前面有名词作先行词，而状语从句没有先行词。
例：This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.这是几年前我们居住的地方。（定语从句，先行词为the place）Let’s go where we can find a better job.我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。（地点状语从句）
2.定语从句修饰、限制、说明名词，只能放在先行词的后面，而状语从句说明动作发生的情况，并且可以 放在主句的前面。
例：Do you know the time when the class is over? 你知道下课的时间吗？（定语从句）
When the class was over, it was already five o’clock.当下课时己经是5点了。（时间状语从句）3.When, where和why在引导定语从句时可以用“介词＋which”的结构来替换，在引导状语从句时却不行。例：This is the factory in which(where)his father once worked.这就是他的父亲曾经工作过的那个工厂。（定语从句）
Put back the book where it was.把书放回原处。（状语从句）
4.定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种句子成分，因此去掉它则从句成分不完整；而结果状语从句中的 连接词在从句中不作任何成分，去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。例：It is such an interesting book as we all like.as用作动词like的宾语，它引导的是定语从句。It is such an interesting book that we all like it.that不充当句子成分，故它引导的是结果状语从句。
五、强调句
1.强调句型的基本结构：It is/was + 被强调部分（主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状等）+ that/who +句子 的其余部分。
例：It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street.（强调时间状语）2.强调句中含有not until的句子
在强调not until句型时，not 位于until从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即 itis(was)+not until +从句或者短语 +that+其它..例：It was not until he had finished the work that he went home.六、定语从句与强调句的区别
1.定语从句中关系词作从句成分，关系词作宾语时可省略；强调句中that / who没有任何意义且不能省略。
2.强调句中的it无意义，that / who不是引导词。
3.强调句it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。
例：It is the museum that / which we visited last year.（定语从句）It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（强调句）
例题赏析：
1.There’s a feeling in me we’ll never know what a UFO is – not ever.A.that
B.which
C.of which
D.what 【解析】此题考查同位语从句that的用法。that引导同位语从句修饰a feeling，只是做补充成分而已。句 意是我内心有种感觉我们永远不会知道UFO是什么—从来也不知道。故此题选A.2.His uncle works in a factorybicycles are made． A.that B.which
C.where
D.there 【解析】此题考查定语从句关系副词的用法。bicycles are made in the factory, 此处缺少介词in,故需用关系
副词来引导，where相当于in which，因此选择C.练习
1.Tom’s dog became ill and died, made him very lonely.A.what B.which
C.that
D.where 2.Information has been put forward more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while
B.that
C.when
D.as 3.He wanted to know the time he needed to know.A.that B.when
C.where
D.what 4.Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases.A.what
B.which
C.that
D.where 5.He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school.A.which B.who
C.when
D.that 6.Next month, you’ll spend in your hometown is coming.A.which B.that
C.when
D.where 7.There isn’t so much noise in the country in big cities.A.that B.which
C.where
D.as
8.Do you know the man ? A.whom I spoke
C.I spoke to
B.to who I spoke D.that I spoke 9.It is not who is right but what is right is of importance.A.which B.it C.that
D.this 10.He’s got himself into a dangerous situationhe was likely to lose control over the plane.A.where
B.which
C.what
D.why 11.when was it you called me yesterday? A.until B.that C.then D.so
12.The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp.A.with which B.with it
C.with that
D.which 13.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without help I would never have got this far.A.who
B.whose
C.whom
D.which 14.It was he came back from Japan that year he met the girl he would like to marry.A.when;then
B.not;until
C.not until;that
D.only;when 15.It was the training he had as a young man made him such a good engineer.A.what;that B.that;what C.that;which D.which;that
参考答案：
1-5 BBACD
6-10 ADCCA
11-15 BABCD
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