文化差异(英语讲座)[★]

第一篇：文化差异(英语讲座)

I know much more about the differences between Americans and Chinese after listening to the lecture.What’s more, I surf on the Internet after class.As a result, I draw a conclusion, and here are the main points below.Firstly, we greet others in different ways.In America, people often employ the following expressions to greet each other: “Good morning/evening/afternoon.”“Fine day, isn’t it? ”” How is everything going?” and so on.Meanwhile in Chinese, we always say” Have you eaten yet?””What are you going to do?” or “Where have you been?”to show our greetings.Secondly, as we all know, both American and Chinese people have two kinds of personal names---a surname and a given name.But the order and the use of these names in the two languages are somewhat different.In Chinese, the surname comes first and then the given name while Americans names are written and spoken with the given name first and the family name last.Thirdly, Chinese prefer getting up and going to bed early.We usually go home early and cook meals, then we eat and watch TV, at last, we go to bed.We often work during the holidays , children often go to different spare schools to study.We like save money and when we have enough money, we then go and buy what we want.But in America, people live in a easy and happy live.They get up and go to work late , they go to pubs to have a rest after they finish their work and they enjoy their holidays.Thus, they seldom go to work during the weekend.Lastly, we eat food which is greatly different from Americans.We like cooking a lot of delicious dishes though Americans like eating hamburgers, chips, pizza, pasta as their main course.In short, we should know the differences well in that we can get along well with foreigners

第二篇：文化差异英语作文

With the rapidly growing popularity of science and technology, the process of globalization made great achievements.We have more chances to communicate with foreigners.Intercultural communicator has increasingly become a popular central issue of the public.To discuss this issue from cognitive perspective, western culture is based on individualism rather than on collectivism.For instance, in the US, you always talk about individual rights.This is clearly different in China where a country is placed above your own self.From the affect point of view, Chinese emotional expression is subtle but not directly.On the contrary, westerners express more enthusiastic.Furthermore, the Chinese people do not say yes or no, they are more accustomed to tactfully convey his meaning.No doubt, the Westerners would like to directly deliver how they think and what they want.In behavior, many behavioral differences are due to the impact of many aspects which cover environmental, cultural, historical and other factors.Do not ask for the age and income is a case in point.We should respect others.Respect for their privacy, their national culture, and religious beliefs.Second, we want to maintain friendly, and convey information clearly passed on through language or body language.Moreover, we just express ourselves in all sincerity and with warmth.Finally, the misunderstanding of cultural differences, we should learn to accommodate.

第三篇：中西方文化差异英语作文

Difference betweenChinese and Western cultures Undoubtedlythereare so many differences between Chinese and Western culture, such as manners, language and so many others.Maybe history is one of the major cause of it.Chinese culture is older than 5000 years, and Chinese people have developed their own music, musical instruments, painting techniques, traditional Chinese medicine, and not to forget, cooking methods as wellwhich is completely different and unique when compared to Western culture.So this time I’m going to pick some aspects and talk about it.Like what mentioned above, cooking methods of China is totally different from the westerns’.Not like west people, we have so many ways to deal with foods.It is said that there are more than fifty ways for a Chinesecook to choose every time he dealing withthe same kind offood.No wander to be a great cook in china you have to start training from young child.ComparedwithChinese, westerns seems to be more casual when they are cooking.They usually cook food by frying or stewing.Because they would like to put emphasis on food’s nutrition not the taste of it.When it comes to the aspect of men’s behavior, there is a vast difference in the rules of behavior between Chinese and Westerns.Westerns are more willing to change the environment rather than adapting themselves to it, which is opposite to Chinese people.Affected by the ancient philosophies of China, we believe in that we must get ourselves into one certain environment.For example, once we come into a new group, we are always told to follow others so that we can become one of it.But westerners would like to make them change and teach them to work in his way.Besides the behavior of people from two distinct culture, the realization of self-worth is different for Chinese and westerns.Affected by the Confucius’s philosophy from the ancient time.We believed that we should put our countryahead of our own interests.One can be respected only by making contribution for his country, like some war heroes.But westerns do respect those who succeed in his own lives.They believe that man who achieve goals of happiness and success by working hard is worth others’ respecting.Maybe that can explains why so many millionaire inChina can’t have the equal reputation compared to those westerns’.Anyway, Westerners usuallyfind the Chinese culture complex, and hard to understand, as the Chinese culture has its own values, background and belief system.

第四篇：英语作文--东西方文化差异

东西方文化差异

As the world is developing faster and faster, there are more communications between countries, so more and more people want to minimize the misunderstanding between eastern and western countries in order to avoid embarrassement when they meet.Some of the differences are listed as follows.First of all, we all have ideas about what kinds of food are good to eat.The French eat snails but not locusts.The Jews eat fish but not pork.The Hindus eat pork but not beef.The Russians eat beef but not snake.While Chinese people eat more vegetables and fruit.Then, the way of communication.There are some language problems, such as direct, indirect, expansive, and so on.Both Chinese and English communication reflect people’s pshchology for good will, saftey and fortune and pleasantness.The Chinese and English people restrict their words and deeds through baboos, trying to keep a harmonious relationship between human and nature.The most important different way is the family structure, family values and family education between the east and west, among which the first in the biggest difference.In the eastChildren repay their parents’ sacrifices by being successful and supporting them in old ages.Of couse, there are many other aspects.The more people understand them, the better they will understand eacho other.

第五篇：文化差异

沃尔玛企业文化和中国企业文化的对比

浏览次数：1548次悬赏分：0 | 提问时间：2008-5-15 15:29 | 提问者：米饭团子86

其他回答 共1条

沃尔玛属于美国典型企业~~ 无论是到世界各地的任何一间沃尔玛连锁店中，你都会感受到一种强烈的与众不同。这是长期以来形成的企业文化，是沃尔玛精神——勤恳、节俭、活跃、创新。正因为此，每一位公司同仁都热爱着沃尔玛，默默地为服务顾客的事业而奉献。

长期以来，沃尔玛的企业文化使沃尔玛公司的同仁紧紧团结在一起，他们朝气蓬勃，团结友爱。下面是沃尔玛公司特有的欢呼口号，从中可以感受到一种强烈的荣誉感和责任心。

山姆。沃尔顿曾经说过，“因为我们工作如此辛苦，我们在工作过程中，都希望有轻松愉快的时候，使我们不用总是愁眉苦脸。这是„工作中吹口哨‟的哲学，我们不仅仅会拥有轻松的心情，而且会因此将工作做得更好。”

第一，尊重个人。

沃尔玛企业文化中崇尚的三个基本原则的第一条是“尊重个人”。沃尔玛不只强调尊重顾客，提供一流的服务，而且还强调尊重公司的每一个人。在沃尔玛内部，虽然各级职员分工明确，但少有歧视现象。该公司一位前副董事长曾经说，“我们是由具有奉献精神、辛勤工作的普通人组成的群体，来到一起为的是实现杰出的目标。我们虽然有不同的背景、肤色、信仰，但坚信每一个人都应受到尊重和尊严的待遇”。

在沃尔玛公司里，员工是最大的财富，他们有一套特殊的对待员工的政策，不称员工为雇员，而称之为合作者、同事，一线员工可以直接与主管以至总裁对话，而不必担心报复。员工以佩带“我们的员工与众不同”的胸牌而自豪，充分体现了沃尔玛的独特营销内涵。

第二，加强团队合作精神，鼓励员工与领导者以及员工之间的沟通。

在连锁经营中，老板不可能事事亲力亲为，沃尔顿这位零售业巨子总是把事业的成功归功于公司的同仁，他把员工看作是公司成功的最重要因素。他说：“要和同仁分享利润，视同仁为伙伴，你们一起工作的成绩将超乎你所能想象的，你的行为要象是一位为合伙人服务的的领导者。”要想让员工好好地招呼顾客，就先得好好地招呼他们。

沃尔顿的成功第七法则是这样说的：“聆听公司内的每个人的意见，并设法让他们畅所欲言，站在第一线的同仁，他们是真正和顾客谈话的人，只有他们知道才发生了什么事，你最好知道他们所知道的事，这是全面管理的真正意义。将权下授，而下情可以上达，让员工将好的构想提出来。”，这便是沃尔玛成功的秘诀。

第三，沃尔玛建立良好的培训机制。

培训不仅是员工提高的途径，也是他们了解公司的一种方法。沃尔玛公司设立培训图书馆，让员工有机会新闻记者资料和其他部门的情况。所有员工进入沃尔玛公司后，经过岗位培训，员工对公司的背景、福利制度以及规章制度等都会有更多的了解和体会。沃尔顿这位出色的领导者始终坚信员工是推动企业发展的原动力，并把这个道理传授给沃尔玛现在和未来的经营者，推广至世界各地的沃尔玛。

沃尔顿把这些原则融入他所热爱的事业中，把创新、热情的工作精神注入沃尔玛连锁店，激发每一位员工的热情和创造力，使沃尔玛事业在激烈的竞争中一路领先。

曾有一位经济学家评论说：“沃尔玛成功的第一步是通过低廉的价格商品和优质的服务去征服消费者，从而不断扩大规模，并强化自身的规模优势。而其能够成为世界第一大零售商的最关键一步，则是完成对整个连锁网络的整合，通过富有生命力的企业文化和现代化的技术设备，抵消了因规模过大则可能出现的两大问题，即：管理成本过高或管理漏洞百出，使沃尔玛总部能够高效地控制整个网络。中国企业文化发展趋势评介

作者：牛正乾、李庆

随着新世纪的到来，企业文化建设必将呈现出新的时代特征：

（一）企业文化对企业兴衰、企业发展所起的作用将越来越显著、越来越大

哈佛商学院的著名教授约翰·科特推出了一本很有名的《企业文化与经营业绩》的著作，提出了一个重要论断，就是：企业文化对企业长期经营业绩有着重大的作用，在下一个十年内企业文化很可能成为决定企业兴衰的关键因素。企业兴衰、企业发展当然是由多种因素形成的。但企业文化肯定对企业兴衰是一个十分重要的因素。

我们常说企业文化是一种力，那么这个“力”有多大？这个“力”表现在哪些方面？从国内外一些企业文化搞得好的企业来看，企业文化力，首先是凝聚力，第二是激励力，第三是约束力，第四是导向力，第五是纽带力，第六是辐射力。这六种“力”，也可以叫六种功能。企业文化的这六种力量、六大功能，在未来企业的发展中将越来越明显、越来越强烈地表现出来。

(二)企业文化教育的发展同企业的经营活动和管理创新将更加紧密地结合起来。企业文化将更为突出表现为它是一种市场经济中的微观文化、企业经营管理文化

过去人们常常把企业文化等同于企业文体活动，这是需要纠正的一个种片面的观点。它只是企业文化的一个内容，企业文化的核心内容不在这里。企业文化是一个企业在长期经营实践中所凝结起来的一种文化氛围、企业价值观、企业精神、经营境界和广大员工所认同的道德规范和行为方式。明确企业文化的这些主要内涵，这是十多年来大家所取得的一个共识。今后，企业文化将主要向着这个方面进行深化和拓展。我赞成科龙集团党委副书记李棣强提出的“科龙”的文化管理是“将企业经营理念和价值观体现在企业管理制度中，体现在经营实践中，体现在员工的行为方式中，由此构成一个良好的组织气氛，影响员工的工作积极性和凝聚力，以文化的力量推动企业的进一步发展。”这样就抓住了企业文化建设的实质和根本内涵。

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(三)企业结盟取胜，实施双赢战略将必然要追求“文化沟通”和“双赢思维”的发展

协作竞争、结盟取胜、双赢模式，这是美国著名的麦肯齐咨询公司提出的21世纪企业新战略，他们专门推出了《协作型竞争》一书。

据国外资料估计，过去三年中，世界上大致有3.2万家公司进行联盟。这其中，有3/4是跨国联盟。

特别引人注目的是今年美国在线与时代华纳及5月份伦敦证券交易所与法兰克福交易所结盟，还有世界上大汽车公司同因特网双双结盟，出现了“福特--雅虎”、“通用--在线”。

在国内，最近，“东方通信”与诺基亚以优势资源进行协作。中国家电行业的两巨头“科龙”与“小天鹅”在电子商务方面达成合作协议。“科龙”领导告别讲到了新经济中融合与共享、竞争与合作的问题。合作结盟的目的有的是为了优势互补，资源共享；有的是为了弥补缺陷，分担风险；有的是为了降低交易成本；有的是为了联手角逐市场。结盟合作，实现双赢的形式，也是多种多样的。作为制造企业，既可以与供应商、与经销商结盟取胜，也可以与竞争对手协作结盟，实现双赢。这种双赢模式，不仅可以用在产品制造方面，也可以用市场营销方面。“科龙”与“小天鹅”在电子商务上的合作也是个范例。但不管何种形式协作、结盟，双赢模式都必须有文化沟通，有双赢文化和双赢智慧、双赢思维方式。这种发展趋势可能比人们今天预料的还要快，它将越来越受到重视。

(四)企业精神的概括和提炼更加富有个性特色和独具的文化底蕴

以往，许多企业的企业精神常常用求实、创新、开拓、进取或加上拼搏这些词语加以概括。应当说这些词语都是好字眼，都很重要，但大家都用这些词语表达，就失去了企业精神的鲜明个性和特色，变成了所谓工业企业中标准件的组合。这也就使某个企业的企业精神变成了所有企业共有的“企业界精神”。北京同仁堂的“济世养生”、“炮制虽繁必不敢省人工，品味虽贵必不敢减物力”，一听就知道是同仁堂所独有的。杭州胡庆余堂“戒欺”，大家都知道这是胡庆余堂的企业精神。还有，宁波雅戈尔集团的“装点人生，服务社会”，既有行业特点，又有独具的文化底蕴。大连燃料总公司的“燃烧自己，温暖他人”，也提炼得好，好就好在有行业特点，又体现了员工的奉献精神。企业精神的概括和提炼，在表达上，将会越来越体现共性与个性的统一，突出个性，不求其全，但求其特，求其有独具的文化魅力。

(五)在企业文化建设中，将更加注重企业精神、企业价值观的人格化和“人企合一”的境界

价值观是企业文化的核心，而“英雄人物”则是企业价值观、企业精神的人格化。在“英雄人物”中有“共生英雄”的提法，值得重视。何为“共生英雄”？“他的心在企业，企业在他心中”。这就是企业“共生英雄”的概括。这样的人，与企业同呼吸、同成长、同发展、共命运。从优秀的企业文化建设来看，还不就是培养越来越多的“共生英雄”，实现“人企合一”的境界吗？创造、构建这样的文化氛围，对于发挥员工的主动性、积极性、创造性极为重要。这个问题也会越来越引起重视。

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(六)“学习型组织”的企业文化将更加受到关注

未来最成功的企业将是个“学习团体”，学习越来越成为企业生命的源泉。“比你的竞争者学得快的能力也许是惟一能保持的企业竞争优势”，这正在成为共识。所以要克服“学习智障”，企业每个人要学习，而且要变个人学习为企业团队学习，使企业成为学习型组织。

学习不仅要掌握知识，而且要善于开发智力、开发智慧。因为智力、智慧以知识为基础。有知识并不等于有智力。有了知识还需开发智力。那么，什么是智力呢？

据《智力全书》介绍，美国《教育心理学》杂志曾邀请了17位知名的心理学家，请他们每人为智力作出一个定义，以期集思广益，一锤定音。然而事与愿违，他们各抒已见，结果在对智力的看法上有很大分歧。至今，国内外心理学