第一篇:2014年上海市中考英语二模卷作文1
2014年中考英语二模卷作文1
1.杨浦:I want to volunteer in/ at ….I want to volunteer in the Olympic Games
I want to be a volunteer of the Olympic Games.I must study English very hard.And to be a volunteer of the Olympic Games is good for me, too.I can make some friends from different countries.I can learn more about sports, the Olympics and so on.But the first thing to prepare(准备)for this is to study hard.I am confident(有信心的)Iwill be a good volunteer and I will show the worldChinese people so friendly to the foreigners.I want to volunteer in Protecting the environment
In our daily life there are many kinds of volunteers.As we all know, the problem about
environment is getting more and more important.So I want to be a volunteer so that I can do some thing to protect the world.First of all, I must do well.Saving water and electricity is not only what I need do, but also the thing I always tell others.Don't waste any resources around us.Then, I need to go out to call for more attention to the environment on holiday or at weekends.My own effort is not enough, but if every one makes a contribution to protect the environment, our world will become better and better!
To be a volunteer is not only my dream, but also my career in the whole life!
2.静安区:Online shopping is changing the way of our life.Beginning
Nowadays with the ever rapid development and increasing technology,shopping on the internet has been a fashion especially among the youngsters(年轻人).Body
Advantages:
First, it is convenient for people to search what they really want, and the mail boy will bring it to us wherever you are.Second, people could easily find less expensive goods by comparing with the others.Third, the salers can pay less rent though the virtual stage so that the consumers can pay less than shopping in a real mall.Online shopping has made our daily life more convenient and comfortable.For example,shopping on the internet can save students a great deal of time on the way between home and store,Disadvantages:
First, it is not that easy for consumers to distinguish the fake and the real without looking at real things.Second, sometimes people would be cheated online without wariness(警惕).Third, the bank account can not be certainly safe when you are not using your own computer.Fourth, it takes a long time to receive your goods when shopping on holidays such as Christmas
Day or on Spring Fesitival you can't shopping online because nobody will work on that break time.EndingShopping online will be much more popular in the near future.And at the same time we should take some measures(采取措施)to make it perfect.3.黄浦区:Growing up
Growing up
Growing up is not always easy.I didn’t realize it until I learnt to ride a bike.On my seventh birthday, my parents gave me a new bike as a present.I was so excited that I couldn’t wait to ride it.But my father told me that I must learn to ride it by myself.At first, I was a little afraid.I fell down from the bike again and again.I almost gave up.Then my father said to me “You will meet many difficulties in your life, you must face them bravely and try to solve them yourself.” After hearing that , I stood up and tried again and again.To my great joy, I could ride it!
From it, I learnt that growing up means courage and a spirit of independence.4.奉贤区:A letter to my headmaster/ headmistress
A letter to my headmaster/ headmistress
Dear headmistress,I’m writing to you about my four years’ school life.Of course, there are both success and failure in my school life.But I enjoy all the time here because it can bring me a lot of things such as happiness, knowledge and other things I need.I’ll never forget the Charity Sales on March 5 which I think it’s the most unforgettable activity during our school life.Every class made a wonderful post for the sales.There are varieties of second-hand goods on sale.You can buy the things you need in very low price.Everybody felt excited in the activity.It’s not only the way of helping others but also a good way of increasing our real life experiences.By the way, I expect our school lunch services will be improved.Best wishes!
Susan
5.浦东:I don’t want to lose…..I don’t want to lose fresh air
These days, when I walk out of my home, I can only see the terrible grey haze all over the city.The sky is no longer blue and clear so I miss the fresh air badly.Fresh air can be healthy for humans to breathe.In my opinion, fresh air can also change our mood.I am usually in a good mood when the air is fresh.On the other hand, haze and smog not only do harm to our health but also have terrible influence on our mood.If there were no fresh air, we would die.To conclude, I don’t want to lose fresh air
I don’t want to lose health
As we all know, health is the most important thing in our life.However, students are too busy with their studies to pay attention to their health.We should care for our health.On one hand, a
healthy body can keep us from illness.In this way, we can have more time to study and play than people who easily catch a cold.On the other hand, we can live longer if we are healthy.In conclusion, health is so precious that I don’t want to lose it.I don’t want to lose my parents
My parents are the most important people in the world.They take care of me all the time.They offer me delicious food, they teach me to be a kind people.They comfort me when I’m sad.They cheer me when I lost my hope.They’ve done so much for me.As I have grown up, they become old.I don’t want to lose my parents , so I must do something to repay their love.I should be independent so that they needn’t worry about me any longer.I can help them with the housework and chat with them in our spare time.In a word, our parents are worth loving and caring.I don’t want to lose recreation/ spare time
After we entered Grade Nine, we have little time for recreation.But I think some kinds of recreation is essential for us.We can do something helpful in our spare time, such us reading, sports, singing , Especially when we feel upset or irritable, it is a good way to comfort us or make us relax.There is a lot of truth in the old saying, “all work and no play makes jack a dull boy.” Proper recreation can also make us keep energetic and active so that we can do well in our study.6.普陀区:The thing I’d like to do most after the entrance examination
The thing I’d like to do most after the entrance examination
The thing I’d like to do most after the entrance examination is to join the reading club.Since I was a little girl, reading has been my favourite hobby.But under the pressure of entrance examination, preparing the test takes me so much time that I can’t read freely very often.As we all know, reading is to our brain what exercise is to our body.By reading books, I can not only see a more wonderful world but improve my reading skills which can lay a solid foundation for my further education as well.Reading really makes me feel relaxed and I am looking forward to that exciting moment.The thing I’d like to do most after the entrance examination
The thing I’d like to do most after the entrance examination is traveling.After a long time of hard work, the main reason why I travel is to relax myself.When I return from the travel, I will feel fresh and energetic, ready to work harder in the senior high school.Travelling is also one of the best means for learning.We can learn a lot of culture and customs in different cities.I will visit Beijing first because there are many ancient buildings of Qing Dynasty.I am quite interested in the history of this period.The thing I’d like to do most after the entrance examination
The thing I’d like to do most after the entrance examination is to watch the matches of the 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil.Since football is my favorite sport , I won’tmiss every World Cup
which takes place every four years.Teams from all over the world compete in the famous World Cup.my favorite team is Brazil, and my favorite football star is Messi。The competition is so exciting that millions of people are crazy for it.Some people feel that their national football team represents their country's honor.i wish one day china can hold a world cup,then our chinese can watch the matches without going abroad.Reading
At present, only a few students read after class.Here are several reasons: First, some students are so busy that the don’t have time to do reading due to teachers leaving them too much homework.Second, some students are not likely to read at all.Because they spend too much time in watching TV, searching the Internet and playing games.books are the main resource of knowledge.Books also can take us to where we can’t really go, can help us experience the things we can’t really see.In addition, when you feel upset or irritable, reading is a good way to comfort yourself or make you calm down.I suggest that no matter how busy you are, you should spend some time in reading.Once you stick to it, you’ll get benefits.
第二篇:上海市虹口区2014年英语学科中考(二模)
虹口区2014年英语学科中考练习题(二模)
2014.4Part 2Phonetics , Vocabulary and Grammar(第二部分 语音、词汇和语法)
II.Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)(共20分)
26.She is so helpful that she is always ready to help people in trouble.Which of the following is correct for the underlined word in the sentence?
A)/'tr37bl/B)/'tra7bl/C)/'trKbl/D./'trbl/
27.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?
on April Fool’s Day.A)aB)anC)theD)/ 29.As students, we should work hard and do ________ best to realize our dreams.A)usB)ourC)oursD)ourselves 30.Frank looks very worried today.There must be ________ wrong with him.A)anythingB)nothingC)somethingD)everything 31.We were all ________ favor of this plan after we discussed for about two hours.A)atB)inC)toD)on 32.When the father heard from his son from abroad, he became ________.A)excitingB)happilyC)happinessD)excited 33.JD.com is one of ________ shopping websites in China.A)largeB)largerC)largestD)the largest 34.It’s not safe for you to go to the forest alone, for you ________ lose your way in it.A)needB)mustC)shouldD)may 35.There is little ________ in the fridge.Let’s go to the market to buy some.A)eggsB)vegetablesC)fruitD)snacks 36.-________ are you always surfing the Internet these days?-To find some information about cooking.A)WhatB)WhyC)WhereD)Who 37.Jane, eat less junk food like fried chicken wings, ________ you will be healthier.A)orB)andC)howeverD)so 38.My little brother hopes ________ the film Dad, Where are We Going, though he has seen it twice.A)to seeB)seeC)to seeingD)saw 39.While in college, Mak never minded ________ extra work for his class.A)to doB)doingC)doD)did 40.Get prepared _______ you can set out immediately if something happens.A)afterB)sinceC)whileD)so that 41.Quite a few people were injured or killed in this traffic accident last week, ________?A)were theyB)did theyC)weren’t theyD)didn’t they 42.Jack’s parents can’t go to the parents’ meeting because they ________ to Beijing on business.A)wentB)have goneC)will goD)had gone 43.If my homework ________ on Saturday, I will go to Century Park to watch the flower show on Sunday.A)is finishedB)had been finishedC)was finishedD)will be finished 44.—Hello, may I speak to Mrs Zhou?—________A)Sure.Here you are.B)Sorry, she isn’t in.C)OK.Who are you ?D)That’s right.45.—Thank you for your gift.It’s useful for me.— ________A)I’m sorry to hear that.B)I’m glad you like it.C)That’s all right.D)Really? III.Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box.Each word can only be used once(将下列单词或词组填入空格, 每空格限填一词,每词只能填一次。):(共8
National Park ____46___ the New South Wales border last night.The police began to ____47____ the girls, aged 14 and 15.They are students at Melbourne School and were in the area as part of a school camp.The girls were last seen at about 4:30 pm yesterday and did not return for dinner at 6 pm.“They were ____48____ to be wearing lightweight clothing.It has rained in the area for three days and the police are worried about their ___49___.Search and Rescue police will arrive in the area immediately to coordinate(协调)a full-scale search,” said the spokeswoman.非洲有袋鼠)to find landmines(地雷)left over from the wars.The rats are trained to smell out some of the___50___in them.More importantly, these rats are too light to set off the landmines.Generally speaking, after 8 to 12 months of training, the rats can find landmines so that they can be safely destroyed.Rats and trainers search one small area at a time.To be sure that every inch of the ground is ___51___, APOPO workers use a harness-and-rope system that guides the rats back and forth in rows.The trainer stands safely on the edge(边缘)of the area.When a rat smells landmines, it will dig the dirt in that spot(地点).The trainers ___52___ each spot on a map.Later, people set off the landmines safely.In the African country of Mozambique, nearly half of the ____53____ are younger than 15 years old.A lot of kids are in danger as they play and work.With the help of the rats and trainers, there will be no threat any more.IV.Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子,每空格限填一词。)(共8分)
54.I think it helpful to keep several ________ by me to look up new words.(dictionary)55.Maggie got the ________ prize because of her good performance in the singing competition.(two)56.I plan to travel to several ________ countries such as France and Germany next winter holidays.(Europe)57.The government has decided to ________ the ancient temple next month.(building)58.I ________ living in the city centre because there is too much traffic.(like)59.The survey shows that customers are very ________ with the service of the 5-star hotel.(satisfying)60.Mary was singing ________ to her baby sister when Mum got back home.(soft)61.It’s not polite to ask about other people’s ________ matters in England.(person)
V.Complete the following sentences as required(根据所给要求,完成下列句子。62题-67题每空格限填一词)(共14分)62.He has promised to buy his daughter a new iPad Air(改为否定句)He ________________ to buy his daughter a new iPad Air.63.It’s one and a half hours’ drive from my home to People’s Square.(对划线部分提问)__ 64.We set up Earth Day in 1970 to ask people to protect the earth.(改为被动语态)Earth Day ________________ up in 1970 to ask people to protect the earth.65.It’s great fun to go to see a flower show with some friends in spring.(改为感叹句)________________ fun it is to go to see a flower show with some friends in spring!66.Many flights at this international airport had to be delayed because of the heavy snow.(保持句意基本不变)
Many flights at this international airport had to be ________________ because of the heavy snow.67.We asked Danny, “Will you go cycling with us or watch TV at home this weekend?”(改为宾语从句)
We asked Danny ________ he ________ go cycling with us or watch TV at home this weekend.68.I;my boss;thinks;don’t complain;because;my job;I;am pleased with;(.)(连词成句)______________________________________________________________________
Part 3Reading and Writing(第三部分 读写)
VI.Reading comprehension(阅读理解):
A.Choose the best answer(根据短文内容,选择最恰当的答案):(12分)Students at Empire High School started class with no text books-but it wasn’t because of money problems.Instead, the school gave iBooks-laptop computers to each of its 340 students, becoming one of the first US public schools to stop printed textbooks.School officials believe that the electronic materials will make students enjoy learning more.Empire High School was designed to have a textbook-free environment.Students at Empire High School get the materials over the school’s Internet network.The school has a central control system that limits what can be downloaded(下载)at the school.“Students can hand in homework online.We have a web program that helps to check if you copy from others,” the headmaster Baker said.In addition to offering up-to-date information, teachers can make the lessons more enjoyable.For example, lessons in history can include links to a person’s daily life, his ideas, his discovery, and so on.Social studies teacher Jeremy Gypton said the change was easier than expected.Gypton said he assigned reading based on websites, used online groups and message boards to keep the(评论)on each other’s work.Julian Tarazon, a new student, said that it was kind of hard at first, because you had to put things in folders(文件夹).But after a couple of days, you got used to it.Another student Morgan Northcutt said the computer system had made it easier to do homework.The school isn’t completely paperless, however.It has a library, and students can read books in it.“We’re not trying to get rid of books,” Baker said.“We love books.”()69.The students at Empire High School will study in class without ___________ this year.A)text messagesB)printed textbooks C)reading materials D)electric machines()70.The teachers at Empire High School began to use iBooks because they___________.A)had money problemsB)had limited networkC)wanted to improve their teachingD)wanted a web program()71.A central control system can help to control __________.A)how much to downloadB)what to downloadC)how to downloadD)why to download()72.The underlined word “assigned” probably means “___________”.A)说明B)完成C)转让D)布置()73.The biggest advantage of the homework online is that___________.A)students can do it anytime B)information online is availableC)there is a lot of reading based on websites D)
it provides a platform for students to share ideas
()74.The best title of the passage might be “___________”.A)High School uses iBooks instead of textbooksB)Don’t try to get rid of books C)Learning without textbooks is harder D)Doing homework online
B.Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文):(12分)
My best friend and I were in the shop that she owns.It was the middle of the afternoon.We were both very happy and making plans for the weekend.Suddenly a man entered the shop.We knew that he didn’t look like one of our usual customers, but we welcomed him ___75___ anyway.Without any hesitation he pulled something out of his coat.We didn’t notice that it was a ___76___ until he ordered us to go into the back with him.After he warned us that he could fire at any time, he looked for the money everywhere, in the bank, from our wallets, and then he asked for our jewellery(珠宝)and we gave him all he wanted.Finally, he finished his “job” and left.When I was a child, I felt safe with my parents in my home or wherever I was not alone.Then I began to understand the news and I learnt that ___77___ things were happening “out there”, but I still kept thinking that those events were just other people’s ___78___, not mine.From the moment the man walked out of the shop, I completely ___79___.I always look around to see which kinds of people are possibly following me.Now I usually double-check everything: if I’ve locked myself in the car or in the house.I am always careful not to wear any jewellery.Whenever a stranger is getting too close or is trying to get information from me, I feel nervous.I know that it is wrong, and that not everyone is going to ___80___ me again.After all, I consider myself lucky, since nothing really bad happened to me or my friend, but since that day I haven’t felt safe any more.I hate that man not for having taken my jewellery and money, but for having deprived(剥夺)of my innocence.()75.A)sadlyB)quietlyC)angrilyD)politely()76.A)gunB)noteC)mistakeD)knife()77.A)funnyB)horribleC)pleasantD)serious()78.A)exchangesB)worriesC)feelingsD)fables()79.A)made a decision B)lost my wayC)changed my mind D)calmed down()80.A)disturbB)investigateC)foolD)attack
C.Complete the following sentences as required(根据所给要求,完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)(共14分)
Have you ever seen an exhibition of rare Mexican grey wolves? There are five young male wolves in Brookfield Zoo now.The exhibition is d____81____ into two areas, an indoor room and a peaceful outdoor viewing or playing area.In the indoor area of the exhibition, which is small and can e____82____ become crowded, you can see the wolves t____83____ one-way glass and also enjoy a few different activities.One of these activities is very interesting.You stand in a dark room, listening to recorded wolf howls(长嚎).You can really get an idea of what it feels like to be in a dark and d___84___ forest.After about a minute and a half, some wolves in the woods a____85____ on the wall in front of you.It is a great experience for n____86____ lovers.In the outdoor area of the exhibition, there is a small river, ponds, fallen trees and a wetland.Visitors can walk among lifelike models of wolf prey(猎物), learning about different hunting s____87____ the wolves use, how they store their food and how they communicate, while watching the wolves from behind an electric fence.After a tour of the exhibition, you can read Wolf Brother written by Paver.It was made into a movie by director Ridley Scott.Welcome to our exhibition of rare Mexican grey wolves!D.Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题):(12分)The first time I saw Jim Wooten I really understood him.He was a great TV news reporter.When he was reporting in Rwanda, one heartbreaking moment made a deep impression on me.When the camera showed all of the children who were dying, suffered from terrible diseases, Jim ended his piece by saying that when he got home, the first thing he was going to do was to put his arms around his own children.Then I realized that he was different, that he didn’t fall into any of the modern television-news tricks, that he was not giving us any
awful,artificial(假的)television-journalist reports out of(出于)pity.Instead, I was watching a real reporter with a gift(天赋)for both words and slight differences.Then I read his book, We Are All the Same, about his friendship with Xolani Nkosi, a South African boy who became the international spokesman for AIDS(艾滋病).It is about the friendship between Wooten and a black child who was ten years old and already dying of AIDS.It is also a book about a great teacher and his student.But the teacher-the one with real wisdom and understanding about life-is the little boy, not the journalist.And, finally, it’s about a love story of Gail Johnson, Nkosi’s white mother who does her best to save the boy, and their love for each other.When reading the book, I felt touched from time to time.88.How did Jim Wooten feel when he saw the dying children in Rwanda?
__________________________________________________________________.89.What would an ordinary journalist do on TV when he saw these dying children?
_________________________________________________________________.90.How did Jim end his piece when he saw the dying children in Rwanda?
_________________________________________________________________.91.Who is the teacher in the book, the little boy or the journalist?
_________________________________________________________________.92.Why did Nkosi’s mother do everything possible to save the boy?
_________________________________________________________________.93.What’s the writer’s attitude to Jim Wooten? How do you know that?
_________________________________________________________________.VII.Writing(作文):(共20分)94.Write at least 60 words on the topic “I’d like to make...feel happy ” 以《我想使……高兴》为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文,标点符号不占格。
(注意:短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息,否则不予评分。)Suggested phrases and expressions(词组): not afford to buy...;spend...doing something with somebody;bake something for somebody;make one’s own present(s);become healthierI’d like to make _____________ feel happy
_____ _____ _____ _____ ______ _____ ______ _____ _____ _____
_____ _____ _____ _____ ______ _____ ______ _____ _____ _____
_____ _____ _____ _____ ______ _____ ______ _____ _____ _____
_____ _____ _____ _____ ______ _____ ______ _____ _____ _____
_____ _____ _____ _____ ______ _____ ______ _____ _____ _____
_____ _____ _____ _____ ______ _____ ______ _____ _____ _____
虹口区2014年英语学科中考练习题答案
II.26.C27.C28.A29.B30.C31.B32.D33.D34.D35.C
36.B37.B38.A39.B40.D41.C42.B43.A44.B45.B 201404 III.46.C47.E48.A49.B50.E51.B52.A53.C
IV.54.dictionaries55.second56.European57.rebuild58.dislike
59.satisfied60.softly61.personal
V.62.hasn’t promised63.How far64.was set65.What great66.put off
67.whether, would
68.My boss thinks I’m pleased with my job because I don’t complain./Because I don’t complain, my boss thinks I’m pleased with my job./My boss thinks I don’t complain because I’m pleased with my job.VI.69.B70.C71.B72.D73.D74.A
75.D76.A77.B78.B79.C80.D
81.divided82.easily83.through84.dangerous85.appear86.nature87.skills
88.He felt very sad./He was heartbroken.89.He would give us some awful, artificial television-journalist reports out of pity./He would fallinto some of the modern television-news tricks.90.By saying that when he got home, the first thing he was going to do was to put his armsaround his own children.91.The little boy.(1分题)
92.Because she loved the boy./Because the boy was dying of AIDS.93.He respected Jim./He admired Jim.The writer wrote/mentioned that Jim was a great TV news reporter.(3分题)
VII.Writing(略)
第三篇:2014杭州中考语文二模卷
2014年杭州市各类高中招生文化考试模拟卷
语 文
考生须知:
1.本试卷满分120 分,考试时间120 分钟。
2.答题前,在答题纸上写姓名和准考证号。
3.必须在答题纸的对应答题位置上答题,写在其他地方无效。答题方式详见答题纸上的说明。
4.考试结束后,试题卷和答题纸一并上交。
一、基础知识及运用。(30 分)1.下列加点字的注音全都正确的一项是(3分)A.蓦然(mï)
炽热(chì)
叱咤风云(chà)...B.牟取(mîu)
鬈发(juǎn)
龙吟凤哕(huì)...C.胡髭(zī)
骈进(pían)
咄咄逼人(duō)...D.蝉蜕(tuì)
稽首(jí)
觥筹交错(gōng)...2.下列词语中没有别字的一项是(3分)
A.骄奢
真缔
提纲挈领
沧海桑田
B.骸骨
焦躁
一股作气
幸灾乐祸
C.臆恻
繁琐
就地取材
出其不意
D.惩戒
筹划
一反既往
合辙押韵 3.下列句子中加点的词语使用错误的一项是(3分)
A.马悦然用“一个字都不必改”来表达自己对莫言短篇小说的推崇。..
B.在围绕“诚信考试”的班会课上,大家都认为,每个同学应取缔不诚信考试的做法。..
C.在元旦文艺汇演上,初二年级同学把“小人物”的形象表现得惟妙惟肖。....
D.美观的城市建筑,和谐的色彩,典雅的园林雕塑艺术,都会令人感到赏心悦目。....4.下列句子中没有语病的一项是(3分)A.据航天专家介绍,“神舟十号”的太阳能电池转化效率大约达到26%左右,这在世界上处于领先水平。B.通信行业主管部门,要加大对既有住宅通信配套设施资源共享的监管力度,切实解决光纤到户改造入场难。
C.在昨天的智力城市交通拥堵工作动员大会上,杭州市出台了一系列“治堵”新招,严厉查处8类严重影响交通的违法行为。
D.马路上交通事故频发的原因是司机违反交通规则或行人随意横穿马路造成的,交管部门要加强安全宣传。
5.下列关于文学常识的说法错误的一项是(3分)
A.唐代文学家韩愈在《马说》中借“千里马”难遇“伯乐”的遭遇,抒发了自己怀才不遇和壮志难酬的感慨。
B.曾荣获诺贝尔文学奖的印度文学家泰戈尔,他的散文诗《金色花》,借助具体形象印度圣树“金色花”,抒发了对母亲的深切的爱。
C.作家杨绛的散文《老王》塑造了一位生活艰难却十分善良的车夫形象,同时也体现了作者对其深深的同情之心。
D.《湖心亭看雪》是明末清初张岱的代表作,文章描绘了所看到的深远广阔的雪景图,表达了他幽远脱俗的闲情雅致。本文节选自他的《西湖寻梦》。6.补写出下列名句名篇中的空缺部分。(只选作4小题)(5分)
(1)君问归期未有期,巴山夜雨涨秋池。__________________,__________________。(李商隐《夜雨寄北》)
(2)飞来山上千寻塔,闻说鸡鸣见日升。_________________,__________________。(王安石《登飞来峰》)(3),在乎山水之间也。,得之心而寓之酒也。(欧阳修《醉翁亭记》)
(4)后值倾覆,____________,______________,尔来二十有一年矣。(诸葛亮《出师表》)(5)客路青山外,_______________。潮平两岸阔,_______________。(王湾《次北固山下》)7.阅读下面的文字,按要求完成(1)(2)两题。(5分)
日前,我区在朝阳中学举行了一“科技与我们”为主题的第五届中学生科技节开幕式。在科技节的开幕式期间,同学们展示了“超级转基因孵化器”、“声光报警器”等10多个创新作品。他们有的以形体演示,有的用模拟道具,还有的借背景衬托,受到了在场观众的好评。本届科技节的获奖作品将在朝阳中学展览10天,欢迎爱好科技的同学莅临参观。(1)文中有三处语言表达不当,请加以修改。(2)请表达你对举办中学生科技节的看法。8.综合性学习。(6分)
材料一:2013年11月初,记者在杭州多家医院调查发现,到医院就趁呼吸道疾病的患儿明显增多。医生们众口一词:天气冷;更重要的是“雾霾”惹祸,医生解释说,“雾霾”里的脏东西直接吸入肺内,对呼吸道粘膜本身就是个刺激,还会继发病毒、细菌的感染,孩子抵抗力弱,是“高危人群”。
材料二:据某医学权威杂志记载,我国肺癌位居男性恶性肿瘤发病的第一位,在女性中居第二位。近年来,全国肺癌发病率明显增长。以北京为例,今年北京市户籍居民肺癌死亡率达0.048%左右,亦居“众癌之首”。专家表示空气污染,尤其是日益严重的雾霾,是一个重要原因。
材料三:专家指出,持续大雾天对人的心理有较大影响。从心理上说,大雾天会给人造成沉闷、压抑的感受,会刺激或者加剧心理抑郁的状态。此外,由于雾天光线较弱及导致的低气压,有些人在雾天会产生精神懒散、情绪低落的现象。
(1)结合以上三则材料,用一句话概括“雾霾”对人造成的危害。(2分)
(2)读了以上三则材料,你一定对雾霾的危害有了更多认识,为了引起人们重视雾霾危害,请拟写一则标语,要求句式整齐,语言通畅,突出其危害性。(2分)
(3)PM2.5污染主要来自汽车尾气排放,在减少尾气排放方面,请你提出两项针对性的措施。二(30分)
阅读下面的文章,完成9-16题。
(一)阳光之舞
其实,各处的阳光都是迥异的,个性鲜明的。它有时凌厉,有时妩媚,有时刻薄,有时暧昧。它好像很复杂,一点也不单纯;好像很简单,有时一点也不作态;好像很肆意,有时一点原则都没有。
阳光确如女子,总在进行灵魂之舞,企图迷幻你的眼和你的身体。岂止是你,苍生在它的眼里,也不过是蝌蚪一般的生物,微不足道。
戈壁上的阳光则是另一种味道。戈壁你真是该去的,哪怕一生只有一次,哪怕你从未离开过南方。在戈壁上伫立,你会发现阳光是那么的与众不同,它不全是炽烈,也不全是游移,似乎是淤滞的,如同倔脾气的顽童执拗地望着你,恨恨地盯着你,又如同威严的老人,一本正经严肃刻板。但它是坦诚的,一览无余,胸怀大爱。
戈壁阳光的从容淡定,是穿越历史烟云之后的伟岸与雄浑,处身之下,你顿时会觉得自己渺小得可怜,再不敢自大,孤傲。荒无人烟的戈壁,那古丝绸之路曾经是那么甚嚣尘上,那么多的英雄美人在古道驼铃夕阳西下瑟瑟秋风中挥鞭驰骋、笑傲江湖,阳光都看到了,皆是过眼烟云。
乡村就不同于戈壁了,乡村的阳光有时也是一道风景。一棵树,一缕炊烟,一排矮屋,一道山梁,一两个顽童,在落日的余晖里楚楚动人,那是生活的构图,简单却隽永。西北的乡村总是土里土气的,一点也不风流,也不别致。阳光就很质朴,富含麦草与炊烟的味道儿,被那样的阳光抚摸十几年乃至二十几年的后生们,到了乡村以外的地方,就还是那么质朴,有时憨憨地笑笑。是的,西北的农人还是习惯于日出而作日落而息,那是历经千年的习惯。但阳光的性子有时就很暴烈,留给农人湿润的清晨和温和的黄昏的时间太短,大段儿是那么的炽烈,那么的义无反顾,促使土地龟裂,禾苗嗷嗷待哺。一年到头,有那么几天阳光才躲起来,让农人焦躁得起皱的心略微平坦一些。那里的农人靠天吃饭,阳光就是天,当阳光不是风景时,它的舞蹈便是魔咒,所到之处摧枯拉朽。
我仍是喜欢阳光的。连着濛濛的雨天儿,突然一道清丽的阳光从外面斜插进来,驱赶着满屋子的潮气,真让人高兴。那些阳光使屋子明快起来,使大家的屋子都明快起来。我从阳台向左侧望去,几十米开外的河流就有了粼粼的波光,河流也很快乐。城市的阳光总让人迅速地除去心头的阴霾,那种整日穿行在地下铁和写字楼之间的沉沉的面孔见到阳光时,会猛然灿烂一下,灿烂一下,一天就很快乐。
城市的阳光的舞步很多时是细碎的,尤其在愈来愈大的城市,高架桥纵横、地下铁穿梭、楼群高耸得几乎够上云,阳光就有了身价儿,若是谁的房子清晨溜进来一抹朝阳,却能避开........夕照;坐在客厅里,有风微微地涌动;阳台上的用五彩的贝壳穿缀成的风铃相互触碰发出音乐一般的声音;自然,还不能听见如雷的汽车声——那样的房子,阳光的身价都被悬得高高的。
阳光会剖析人的灵魂,它看清了一切,又不会乱说;它温和的笑间,就有了世事的变迁与更迭。
历史则在阳光之舞中演绎。
9.作者为什么认为城市的阳光就有了“身价儿”?(4分)10.下列句子或形象生动,或意蕴深刻,请加以赏析。(4分)
(1)但阳光的性子有时就很暴烈,留给农人湿润的清晨和温和的黄昏的时间太短,大段儿是那么的炽烈,那么的义无反顾,促使土地龟裂,禾苗嗷嗷待哺。
(2)那里的农人靠天吃饭,阳光就是天,当阳光不是风景时,它的舞蹈便是魔咒,所到之处摧枯拉朽。
11.文中多次提到“阳光之舞”,有什么作用?(4分)
12.结合全文,如何理解结尾两段在表达主题上的作用?(4分)
(二)请不要糟蹋我们的文化
冯骥才
(1)我们必须正视:一种文化上自我糟蹋的潮流正在“所向披靡”。
(2)我国的文化精华,从名城、名镇、名街,到名人和名著,乃至列入国家名录的各种文化遗产等等,都在被浓妆艳抹,重新包装,甚至拆卸重组,再加以描龙画凤,披金戴银,挤眉弄眼,然后招摇于市。
(3)在“城改”中残剩无多的历史街区,忽然被聪明地发现,竟也成了一种天赐的旅游资源,全被开发成商业风情街。更糟糕的是被称作“最后的精神家园”的古村古镇,正在被“腾笼换鸟”,迁走原住民,然后大举招商,被改造成各类商铺、旅店、茶社和咖啡屋混成一团的“游客的天堂”。至于各种名人故居,大都是找来一些与其主人毫不相干的红木家具、老瓶老壶、文房四宝,三流字画,不伦不类地摆在一起。其中的历史的内涵、文化的意蕴、本土的气质和精神跑到哪去了?
(4)再看看我们影视中的历史文化吧。我们的历史名人只要跑到银幕和荧屏上,不论明君重臣,还是才子佳人,大都多了一身好功夫,虽然身着古装,发型和配饰却像时尚名模;没有确切的朝代与地域,一切衣食住行的道具和礼俗全是胡编乱造;历史在这里只是借用一下的名义,一个空袋子,任什么乱七八糟、炫人耳目的东西都往里边塞。
(5)经过这样的粗鄙化的打造,历史没有了庄重感、神圣感、厚重感、甚至美感。文化不精不深,怎能“做大做强”?真正强大的文化一定又精又深。比如唐诗宋词、维也纳的音乐、俄罗斯文学和美国电影。只有在精深的文化中,才会有大作品和大家的出现,社会文明才能整体地提高。
(6)问题是当下这种鄙俗化的潮流,这种充满谬误、以假乱真的伪文化,正在使我们的文化变得粗浅庸俗,甚至徒有虚名,一边有害公众的文化情怀和历史观,一边伤及中华文化的纯正及其传承。在这样文化环境中成长起来的一代,怎能对自己的文化心怀挚爱与虔敬?如果我们不再深爱和敬重自己的文化,再伟大的文化不也要名存实亡?到底什么动机与力量使这种潮流正在变本加厉?以文化谋利——为了赚钱发财,为了GDP。而GDP是衡量政绩的尺度——这也是问题的关键与症结之一。
(7)文化的最重要的社会功能是精神功能,它直接影响着社会文明与全民素质。不能为了热销、票房和收视率,为了市场人气攀升,为了利润的最大化和“疯狂的GDP”,而放弃文化固有的精神准则,即文明的、知识的、道德的、真善美的准则。这准则也是文化的尊严,这尊严一旦被践踏被玷污,文化也失去它存在的意义。因为被糟蹋的文化反过来一定还会糟蹋人的精神。
(8)由此说,问题真正的要害——不是拿文化赚钱,而是糟蹋文化来赚钱。还有比这样赚钱更无知、更野蛮吗?我们是否听到我们的文化正在呼叫:不要糟蹋自己的文化了!13.文章列举历史街区改造和影视作品改编现象,其作用是什么?(3分)14.糟蹋历史文化有哪些后果?根据文意简要回答。(4分)
15.运用举例论证的方法进行论述是本文的写作特点,请找出两处作分析。(4分)16.概括本文中作者关于历史文化建设方面的正确主张。(3分)
三、(20分)
阅读下面的文言文,完成17-20题。
(甲)郭伋,字细侯,茂陵人,为并州守,素结恩德。后行部(1)至西河。童儿数百,各骑竹马,迎拜于道。伋问:“儿曹,何自远来?”对曰,“闻使君(2)到,喜,故来奉迎。” 伋辞谢之。及事讫,诸儿复送至郭外,问:“使君何日当还?”伋谓别驾从事,计日告知。既还。先一日,伋恐违信,遂止野亭,候期乃入。以太守之尊,与竹马童儿道旁偶语,乃以不肯失信于儿童。先归一日,宁止野亭以候期,可谓信之至矣。(选自《后汉书》)注:(1)行部,巡视州郡
(2)竹马,儿童玩具,当马骑的竹竿。
(3)使君,汉时的刺史(乙)晏元献⑴公为童生时,张文节荐之于朝廷,召至阙下。适值帝御试进士,便令公就试。公一见试题,曰:“臣十日前已作此赋,有赋稿尚在,乞别命题。”上极爱其不隐。及为馆职时,天下无事,许臣寮择胜燕饮。当时侍从文馆士大夫,各为燕巢(2),以至市楼酒肆,往往皆供帐为游息之地。公是时甚贫,不能出,独家居,与昆弟讲习。一日,选东宫官,忽自宫中批除晏殊,执政莫知所因,次日复进,上谕之曰:“近闻臣僚,无不嬉游燕赏,弥日继夕,唯殊杜门与兄弟读书,如此谨厚,正可为东宫官。”公既受命,得对(3),上面谕除授之意。公语言质野(4)则曰:“臣非不乐燕游者,直以贫,无可为之具。臣若有钱,亦须往,但无钱不能出耳。”上益嘉其诚实,知事君体,眷注日深。仁宗朝,卒至大用。
(选自沈括《梦溪笔谈》卷九)
注解:⑴晏元献:即晏殊,宋朝人,官至宰相。(2)燕巢:指固定的游乐地点。(3)得对:有了面圣的机会。(4)质野:朴实。
17.对下列加点字的解释,不正确的一项是()(3分)
A.素结恩德(向来,平时)
B.伋辞谢之(谢绝)..C.便令公就试(靠近,到)
D.上益嘉其诚实(更加)..18.下列加点字意思相同的两项是()()(4分)
A.迎拜于道
其一犬坐于前 ..B.候期乃入
乃不知有汉 ..C.直以贫
以中有足乐者 ..D.往往皆供帐为游息之地
辍耕之垄上 ..19.用现代汉语写出下列句子的意思。(4分)(1)宁止野亭以候期,可谓信之至矣。
(2)臣非不乐燕游者,直以贫,无可为之具。
20. 郭伋和晏殊都具有怎样的品质?请结合文意简要分析。(4分)21.阅读下面这首古诗,完成(1)(2)两小题。
新 柳 南宋•杨万里
柳条百尺拂银塘,且莫深青只浅黄。未必柳条能蘸水,水中柳影引他长。
(1)诗中的“新柳”有什么特点?(2分)
(2)“水中柳影引他长”一句历来为人称道,请试作赏析。(3分)
四、(40分)
22.阅读下面的文字,按要求作文。(40分)
阿尔卑斯山的一条路旁竖着一块标语牌,上面写着:“慢慢走,欣赏啊!”很多时候,当我们朝着远方的目标一路奔跑的时候,常常会错过许多不该错过的风景。况且,如果你有一双慧眼,风景又何止是清风明月、奇山异水呢?
请以“不该错过的风景”为题,写一篇600到800字文章,立意自定,文体自选(诗歌除外)。文中不要出现你所在的学校的校名,以及教职工、同学和本人的真实姓名。
第四篇:2013奉贤区中考语文二模卷答案
一、积累•运用(30分)
1.阅读下面一段文字,完成题目。(7分)
带着感激和依恋,带着激情和梦想,我们即将踏上新的征程。mò ▲
然回首,初中三年,积(diàn)▲ 着美好的印痕,传扬着斑阑的笑语!课堂是我们温馨的港湾,泊着理想;校园是我们成长的摇篮,伫满希望。忘不了循循善诱、诲人不倦的师长,忘不了朝气蓬勃、勤学好问的同窗,▲。在人生的每一个考场,我们都将努力拼搏,积极进取,为母校交出完美的答卷!
(1)依据拼音写出汉字。(2分)
(2)画波浪线的句子中各有一个错别字,请找出并改正。(2分)
(3)请仿照画横线的句子再写一个句子。(3分)
2.在下列各小题的横线上,写出相应的诗文名句或作家、作品。(8分)①潮平两岸阔,② ▲。
(王湾《次北固山下》)(《 论 语 》)
(王之涣《 ▲ 》)▲,其不善者而改之。③ ▲,春风不度玉门关。
。④人生自古谁无 死,▲(▲ 《过零丁洋》)
⑤生活中我们要学会用积极态度对待各种问题,因为新事物必将取代旧事物,这正如刘禹锡在《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》中所说:“ ▲,▲ ”。3.下列各句中,加点的词语使用不恰当的一项是()(3分)
A.她用棕叶编织出 各式精致的玩具,吸引了中外游客慷慨解囊,纷纷购买送给亲友。B.不少学者认为,好的地方教材对中小学生的影响是潜移默化的。C.对于经典的书,我们必须反复阅读,因为每一次都会觉得开卷有益。D.和外形小巧而“肚量”超大的电子课本相比,笨重的传统图书只好甘拜下风了。4.下面语段中画线的三个句子都有语病,请加以改正。(3分)快速公交BRT,又叫“地面上的地铁系统”。①它是通过开展专用道路实现轨道运营的城市客运系统。②BRT的开通不仅能提升城市的生活环境质量,而且可以节省市民的乘车时间。③交通专家表示,我市的快速公交开通后,将彻底解决主城区交通拥挤。5.名著阅读题。(6分)
(1)《西游记》中孙悟空有许多神奇之处,请简述孙悟空“炼就火眼金睛”的相关故事情节。(2)在《格列佛游记》中,好几次提到中国,请你列举出三项关于中国的内容。
6.为弘扬“爱国、奉献、进步”的“五四精神”,引导广大团员在奉献中传 播文明,在付出中提升境界,在行动中构建和谐校园,校团委决定举办“青春之歌”演讲比赛。(3分)(1)请你为演讲比赛拟一条宣传标语。(1分)(2)请说出演讲获得成功的两个条件。(2分)
二、理解•感悟(60分)
(一)阅读下面一首唐诗,完成7—8题。(5分)
雁门太守行 李贺
黑云压城城欲摧,甲光向日金鳞开。角声满天秋色里,塞上燕脂凝夜紫。半卷红旗临易水,霜重鼓寒声不起。报君黄金台上意,提携玉龙为君死。7.本诗描绘了一场边关战争,表现了守边将士的什么精神?(2分)8.用自己的语言描绘出颔联的画面。(3分)
(二)阅读下面的文言文,完成9—12题。(15分)
张养浩,字希孟,济南人。游京师,授堂邑县尹。罢旧盗之朔望参者(初一、十五参见县尹的规定),曰:“彼皆良民,饥寒所迫,不得已而为盗耳。既加之以刑,犹以盗目之,是绝其自新之路也。”众盗感泣。有李虎者,尝杀人,其党暴戾为害民不堪命旧尹莫敢诘问。养浩至,尽置诸法,民甚快之。天历二年,关中大旱,饥民相食,特拜陕西行台中丞。既闻命,即散其家之所有与乡里贫乏者,登车就道,遇饿者则赈之,死者则葬之。闻民间有杀子以奉母者,为之大恸,出私钱以济之。到官四月,末尝家居,止宿公署,终日无少怠。遂得疾不起,卒年六十。关中之人,哀之如失父母。
9.下列各组句子中,加点词语意义相同的一项是()(3分)A、饥民相食/食马者
B、终日无少怠/ 宾客意少舒
C、遂得疾不起/ 虽乘奔御风不以疾也 D、哀之如失父母/君将哀而生之乎 10.用斜线(/)为文中画波浪线的句子断句,只限两处。(2分)其党暴戾为害民不堪命旧尹莫敢诘问 11.用现代汉语翻译下列句子(6分)
(1)既加之以刑,犹以盗目之,是绝其自新之路也(2)即散其家之所有与乡里贫乏者,登车就道
12.阅读全文,思考文章记述了张养浩一心为民的哪些事?(4分)
(三)阅读下面的文段,完成13—15题。(10分)读书是一种痛苦
①真正的读书是痛苦的,一种很深很深的痛苦,这种痛苦深深地逼进你的灵魂,嵌入你的骨髓,使你大汗淋漓,甚至使你喘不过气来。因此,北大怪才余杰把这种阅读叫做“黑色阅读”。周恩来有一句话气壮山河:为中华崛起而读书。可许多人仅仅把它理解为一种崇高的理想而纷纷模仿:我将来要当科学家,我长大要成为一名工程师……其实,现在的读书人未必有几个深刻理解他当时读书的痛苦。那满目疮痍的社会,处于水深火热之中的民众的苦难深深嵌入他的灵魂,因而注定他的求学是痛苦的、悲壮的。
②现在的年轻人多半喜欢说自己爱“读书”,认为读书是一种资本,一件可以用来在人面 前炫耀的冠冕。能够真正理解读书的苦难的人也许并不多,他们不是在读书,只是想捞张“文凭”向社会讨生活:把口袋装满一点,把门面装点得堂皇一点。事实上读书应该是一种苦难的历程,心灵的磨难,而不是酒足饭饱之后的谈资。
③清末国学大师王国维投水时,留下一句绝唱:“五十之年,只此一死,经此世变,义无再辱。”关于他的死因,有很多说法,但我更认为他是死于自己的文化,这是读书人最大的悲壮。读书读得如此痛苦,有几人能比?他的死与苏格拉底的死,与布鲁诺的死遥相呼应。他们的死,理应震撼我们所有的人;他们的死,应该成为人类心灵上的一块高耸入云的丰碑。
④现在,苏格拉底走了,布鲁诺走了,王国维走了……连中国近代最“尖酸刻薄”的鲁迅也走了。他们一个个都痛苦地走了。可他们带给人间的光明却被我们大多数人给利用了。这是我们的荣幸,亦是我们的悲哀。读书是痛苦的,为解除人类苦难而读书的人不但是痛苦的。而且是孤独的。(选自《作文成功之路》有删节)
13.请说出第①段中“真正的读书是痛苦的,一种很深很深的痛苦”这句话中“真正的读书”和“痛苦”的内涵。(2分)
14.如何理解第④段中“这是我们的荣幸,亦是我们的悲哀”一句的含义?(4分)15.请结合②③两段分析文章是怎样证明“读书是一种痛苦”这一观点的?(4分)
(四)阅读下面的文言文,完成16—19题。(12分)让你体验视觉“盛宴”的3D电视
①2012年,3D影片《泰坦尼克号》在中国电影市场显示出很强的票房号召力,根据蓝光产业联盟的统计,3D电影与2D电影相比其票房收入要增长3倍,这也印证了消费者对于3D视听节目的迫切需求。
②如今,随着3D技术的不断精进,3D电视也开始悄然出现,将影院搬进家庭的客厅,让观众在家中就可以尽情享受视觉“盛宴”。3D电视还有一个特点就是可裸眼体验立体影视效果。这就是说,想看3D节目时无需再戴上那副笨重的眼镜,直接用肉眼观看即可。
③实际上,3D电视早就成为现代电视技术进入21世纪后的三大发展方向之一。世纪初美英等国就实现了3D技术对体育比赛的电视直播。在我国,天津有一家公司宣布开始着手筹建3D电视频道,另有多家电视台表达了建设立体节目频道的愿望。许多国家也加大了3D技术的研究。全球消费电子厂商也陆续推出一批包括蓝光光盘播放器等相关的3D产品。
④虽然3D电视能给人带来非常震撼的立体效果,但3D电视的普及还需要一个渐进的过程。研究结果显示,观众在观看立体影像时,由于眼睛会迅速地来回移动,因而容易造成眼睛疲劳。而其不菲的价格也足以让普通用户望而却步。据预计,前期的3D电视机可能要价值数千美元。此外,目前3D片源依然十分稀少。未来的3D节目源将主要依靠电视播出、蓝光光盘以及互联网下载。如果没有丰富的3D电视片源支持,3D电视只能扮演“花瓶”的角色。
⑤在今年1月的第44届国际消费电子展上,包括索尼、三星在内的一线品牌厂商均纷纷推出其3D电视产品。随着电视厂商的积极推动,技术的不断成熟,3D电视的竞争将越来越激烈。(选自《百科知识》有删节)
16.阅读第②段,说说3D电视与电影相比较,有哪些优点?(2分)
17.阅读第③段,为什么说3D电视已成为现代电视技术的发展方向之一?(4分)18.阅读第④段,请说出在3D电视普及过程中受到哪些因素的制约?(3分)19.读完全文,你认为3D电视的发展前景如何?请说出你的理由。(3分)
(五)阅读下面一篇文章,完成20—24题。(18分)亲爱的麦子 周 涛 ①我想说:“亲爱的麦子。”
②我想,对这种优良的植物应该这么称呼。这并不显得过分,也不显得轻浮。而且我还想,对它,对这种呈颗粒状的、宛如掉在土壤里并沾满了土末的汗珠般的东西,人类平时的态度是不是有些过于轻视和随便了呢?
③它很美。尤其是它的颗粒,有一种土壤般朴素柔和不事喧哗的质地和本色。它从土壤里生长出来,依旧保持了土壤的颜色,不刺目.不耀眼,却改变了土壤的味道。这就使它带有了土地的精华的含义。特别是它还保持着耕种者的汗珠的形状,仿佛它不是自己种子的果实,而是汗珠滴入土壤后的成熟。
④这一切使它更美。麦子,它是如此的平凡,然而却是由天、地、人三者合作创造的精品。它使我们想到天空的阳光和雨水,想到土地默默的积蓄和消耗,想到人的挥动着的肢体,想到饥馑、战争、死亡等最关乎人类生存的问题……这就是麦子掩藏在朴素后面的那种深刻的美。⑤我是一个热爱粮食的人,因此,我非常乐意在春天里翻弄麦子。我们住的地方没有面粉厂,也没有粮店;庄户人只能到一个河上的磨坊去磨成面粉。连续几天,我和父亲把一麻袋麦子倒进院里架起的一个木槽里,然后倒水冲洗,直到一颗颗麦粒被洗出它本来的那种浅褐色的质朴,透出一股琥珀色的圆满的忧伤。然后晾晒几天,再装入麻袋。我看得出来,麦子的色泽里含有一种忧伤的意味,一种成熟的物质所带有的哲学式的忧伤。这种忧伤和它的圆满形态、浅褐色泽浑然和谐,与生俱来而又无从表述。正是这,使它优美。
⑥有一天,我和父亲把装麦子的麻袋搬上驴车,朝磨房去了。路上,我突然觉得我和父亲像是两只松鼠,或是连松鼠也不如的什么鼠类,正运载着辛苦了一年收集来的谷物,准备过冬。我们如此重视的两麻袋麦子,其实正相当于老鼠收集在洞里的谷物。我感到了滑稽,有点哭笑不得。人一旦还原到这种状态时,生存的形象就分外像各种动物了。
⑦这就是我们的麦子,一粒一粒的,从田亩中收集回来的养命之物。颗粒很小,每一粒都不够塞牙缝儿的;但是我们就是靠着这样一些小颗粒,维持生命,支撑地球上庞大众多的人群发明、创造、争斗、屠杀、繁衍、爱憎……不管人类已经进化到了何种程度,它还在吃麦子——这就够了,这就足以说明人类依然没有摆脱上帝的制约,依然是生存在地球上的无数种类生物中的一种,而不是神。被小小的麦粒制约着的伟大物种啊!
⑧麦子进了磨坊。缓慢迟重地在水磨上被磨损,被咀嚼,被粉化。我想着一颗颗饱满的麦粒被压扁、挤裂、磨碎时的样子,想着它们渐渐麻木、任其蹂躏的状态,有一丝不堪其痛的磨难从胸膛里升起,传染给我的四肢。我真真实实地感到了我和它们一样,和这些麦子一样,正在一座类似的生活的水磨上被一点一点地、慢吞吞地磨损着。
⑨我就是麦子。我芬芳的、新鲜的肉体正挤在历史和现实两块叉圆又平的大石盘间,在它们沉重浑浊的歌声中,被粉化。我欲哭无泪,欲喊无声。因为我就是泪水和汗珠平凡的凝聚物一—麦子。我将一代代地生长,被割掉;成熟;被粉化;被制成各种精美的食品,被吃掉;然后再生长。人们把我叫作“麦子”。
⑩只有一个诗人这样称呼我,他说:“亲爱的麦子。”(选自《周涛散文》,有删改)20.作者笔下的麦子很美,请根据文意概括其美在何处。(3分)21.文章第②段画线句子在写法上很有特点,请作赏析。(4分)
22.文中第⑦段划线句“被小小的麦粒制约着的伟大物种啊!”应怎样理解?(4分)23.结合全文,探究“亲爱的麦子”这个题目的多重含义。(3分)24.结合全文内容说说第10节的作用。(4分)
三、表达•交流(60分)
25.有这样一种声音,是亲切的呼唤,能带你走进心灵的港湾;有这样一种声音,给你心灵的震撼,让你心中盛满感动;有这样一种声音,铿锵有力,唤起你心灵深处的良知和责任……你的耳边,常会响起什么样的声音?请以“牵动心灵的声音”为题目,写一篇文章。要求:①文体不限,诗歌除外;②要写出真情实感;③字数控制在600—800字之间; ④卷面整洁,书写工整;⑤不得抄袭。
2012语文三模参考答案
一、积累•运用(30分)1.(1)蓦 淀(2分)
(2)阑 改为 斓 伫 改为 贮
(2分)
(3)示例:忘不了生机盎然、温馨美好的校园,忘不了挥洒汗水,纵横驰骋的操场。(意思近即可3分)
2.①风正一帆悬 ②择其善者而从之 ③羌笛何须怨杨柳 凉州词 ④留取丹心照汗青 文天祥 ⑤ 沉舟侧畔千帆过,病树前头万木春。(8分)3 . A(3分)
4. ①“开展”改为“开辟”,② 将“能提升城市的生活环境质量”和“可以节省市民的乘车时间”互换 ③在句子最后加上“的状况或的问题”。(每个1分共3分)
5.(1)孙悟空大闹天宫被抓,太上老君将他关到八卦炉中,他在炉中被煅烧了七七四十九天,没想到不但没被烧死,反而炼成了“火眼金睛”(3分)
(2)中国的书写自上而下;中国的服装庄重大方;中国人很早以前就有了印刷术;中国言语拼写困难(任选3个 3分)
6.(1)参考答案:弘扬五四精神,构建和谐校园/在奉献中传播文明,在付出中提升境界,/学五四精神,树校园新风(1分)
(2)主题鲜明,表达完整;感情充沛,富有表现力;着装整洁,仪态大方;良好的心理素质;多进行模拟演讲。(说出两点即可,意思近即可,共2分)
二、理解•感悟(60分)
7.浴血奋战,誓死报国(视死如归,忠君报国)(2分)
8.悲壮的号角弥漫在深秋的天空中,边塞的泥土在紫色的晚霞映衬下凝成了胭脂的色彩。(3分)9.B(3分)
10.其 党 暴 戾 为 害 / 民 不 堪 命 /旧 尹 莫 敢 诘 问(共2分)
11.(1)既然已经按照刑罚对他们进行了惩处,还把他们看作盗贼,这是断绝了他们改过自新的道路。(3分)
(2)便将家中财产分给村中的贫穷困难的人,登车上路。(3分)12.免除犯过罪的人初一、十五参见县尹的规定/严厉打击危害百姓的杀人犯李虎等人/散尽家财救助百姓/到任后四个月一直住在衙门帮助穷人并积劳成疾而死。(4分)
13.真正的读书”是指为解除人类苦难而读书;“痛苦”指读书是一种“苦难的历程,心灵的磨难”(每点1分,共2分)
14.他们通过自己的读书为人间带来光明,我们能够享受他们的成果,我们是荣幸的(2分);但我们却不能了解他们读书的痛苦,只是为个人理想而盲目地模仿他们的行为,或把读书当作一种资本,一件可以用来在人面前炫耀的冠冕,或为捞张“文凭”向社会讨生活,而让伟人们孤独离去,从这一点说我们是悲哀的。(2分)
15.用正反对比的论证方法。现代年轻人的事例为反面例子,王国维的例子是正面,通过正反对比来表达自己的观点。(方法1分,分析3分)
16.在家中就可以尽情享受视觉“盛宴”/可裸眼体验立体影视效果(2分)
17.用3D电视转播体育比赛/筹建3D电视频道/加大了3D技术的研究/陆续推出相关的3D产品。(4分)
18.造成眼睛疲劳/价格不菲让普通用户望而却步/ 3D片源十分稀少(3分)
19.前景广阔。原因:消费者对于3D视听节目有着迫切需要/3D电视早就成为现代电视技术进入21世纪后的三大发展方向之一/电视厂商积极推动,技术的不断成熟(3分)
20.朴素柔和、不事喧哗的本色之美;天、地、人三者合作创造的深刻之美;忧伤色泽和圆满形态的和谐之美。(意思对就可)(3分)
21.运用比喻,将麦子麦子比作沾满了土末的汗珠,表达了对平凡的麦子的喜爱与赞美;运用反问,表达了人们对于麦子的轻视和随便的不满。(4分)
22.运用了抒情的表达方式和对比的手法,表明麦粒虽小却是人类的养命之物,人类不是神,不管进化到何种程度仍然没有摆脱自然的制约。(3分)
23.对朴素本色、忧伤深刻的麦子的称颂;也是对那些像麦子一样平凡地生活着的人的称颂;更是对麦子代表着的和人类共同生活的自然的称颂。(3分)(意思对就可)
24.再次点题;呼应开头,使文章结构更严谨;总结全文,深化文章的中心;表达作者对麦子及像麦子一样平凡生活的人的赞美。(4分)
三、表达•交流(60分)
第五篇:南京市栖霞区语文中考二模卷(精选)
南京市栖霞区2011年初三语文二模试卷
注意事项:
1.本试卷6页,共120分,其中书写分3分;考试时间120分钟。
2.答案一律用黑色墨水笔写在答卷纸上,不能写在本试卷上,标“▲”处表示此处的答案应写在答卷纸上。
一(23分)1.用课文原句填空。(10分)(1)烟笼寒水月笼沙。(杜牧《泊秦淮》)(2),决眦入归鸟。(杜甫《望岳》)(3)几处早莺争暖树。(白居易《钱塘湖春行》)(4),巴山夜雨涨秋池。(李商隐《夜雨寄北》)(5)白头吊古风霜里。(陈与义《登岳阳楼(其一)》)(6),江入大荒流。(李白《渡荆门送别》)(7)无可奈何花落去。(晏殊《浣溪沙》)(8),后天下之乐而乐。(范仲淹《岳阳楼记》)(9)斯是陋室。(刘禹锡《陋室铭》)(10)学而不思则罔。(《论语·为政》)2.下列加点字注音完全正确的一项是()(2分)
A.泯灭(mǐn)狩猎(shǒu)苦心孤诣(yì)B.默契(qiâ)炽痛(chì)孜孜不倦(zī)
C.殷红(yān)佳肴(yáo)惟妙惟肖(xiào)
D.绮丽(qí)静谧(mì)玲珑剔透(tī)3.下列词语没有错别字的一项是()(2分)
A.烦燥愧怍旁征博引 B.姊妹荫蔽心旷神怡 C.嘻戏踉跄更胜一畴 D.清洌沧茫重峦叠嶂
4.下列句中加点成语使用恰当的一项是()(2分)
A.从上世纪60年代直至现在,雷锋精神一直在大庭广众的心中传扬。
B.广东队在2011年CBA总决赛中成功卫冕,他们坚信下赛季也一定能重蹈覆辙。C.世界第一高楼迪拜塔有160层,总高 828米,真可谓通宵达旦。
D.选手们使出浑身解数,他们并不奢求取得多好的名次,但求在舞台上展示自己。5.下面是两幅名著插图,请认真读图,按要求填空。(3分)(A)(B)
(1)插图A反映了《童年》中的一幕生活场景,这一场景使图中的孩子饱受惊吓。(2分)
(2)插图B中的人力车夫是名著《》中主人公。(1分)6.阅读下面一则新闻,回答问题。(4分)标题:
2011年5月19日,南京2014青奥会的会徽由第二届青年奥林匹克运动会组委会在宁正式发布。当晚,南京隆重举行了主题为“青春南京”的会徽发布仪式。仪式上播放了国际奥委会主席罗格的视频致辞。
为创造一个独特精致、内涵丰富、别具一格的青奥会会徽,南京青奥会组委会自去年起面向全球征集会徽设计作品,广泛发动社会各界参与,共收到国内外应征作品4000多件。经过多轮专家评审和修改完善,最终决定选用中央美术学院设计学院院长王敏率领的团队设计的方案并将此方案提交给国际奥委会审批。国际奥委会对南京青奥会会徽给予了很高评价,正式同意这一方案。
(1)给这则新闻拟一个标题。(不超过15个字)(2分)
(2)右图是南京青奥会会徽。其中最上方第一个“n”和最后一个 “n”均设计为洞开的城门形状,揣摩设计者这样设计的意图 有哪些。(2分)
二(44分)(一)阅读下面古诗文, 完成7~11题。(16分)【古诗阅读】
7.阅读下面一首词,按要求回答问题。(4分)忆江南白居易
江南好,风景旧曾谙;日出江花红胜火,春来江水绿如蓝①。能不忆江南!〖注释〗①蓝:蓼蓝。一种草本植物,叶子含蓝汁,可以做蓝色染料。
(1)作者在这首词中用一个“
”字来直接赞美江南。(1分)
(2)请从修辞的角度赏析“春来江水绿如蓝”。(3分)
【古文阅读】 李允则守雄州① 沈括
李允则守雄州。北门外民居极多,城中地窄,欲展②北城,而以辽人通好③,恐其生事。门外旧有东岳行宫④,允则以银为大香炉,陈于庙中,故不设备。一日,银炉为盗所攘⑤,乃大出募赏,所在张榜,捕贼甚急。久之不获,遂声言庙中屡遭寇,课夫⑥筑墙围之,其实展北城也,不逾旬而就,虏人亦不怪之。则今雄州北关城是也。
大都军中诈谋,未必皆奇策,但当时偶能欺敌,而成奇功。时人有语云:“用得着,敌人休;用不着,自家羞。”斯言诚然。〖注释〗①选自《梦溪笔谈》。李允则,宋初人,历任沧州、雄州知州。雄州,今河北雄县。②展:扩展。③以辽人通好:当时雄州接近北方边境,北临辽国,其时宋与辽交好,边境无事。④东岳行宫:东岳庙,即为泰山神在外地建的庙。⑤攘:窃取。⑥课夫:征集民工。8.解释下列语句中加点词。(4分)(1)不逾旬而就()
(2)虏人亦不怪之()(3)时人有语云()
(4)斯言诚然()
9.下列语句中加点虚词用法和意义相同的一项是()(2分)A.不逾旬而就出淤泥而不染(《爱莲说》)B.恐其生事其真无马邪(《马说》)C.以银为大香炉或以钱币乞之(《伤仲永》)D.久之不获楚人怜之(《陈涉世家》)10.用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。(4分)(1)陈于庙中,故不设备。
(2)银炉为盗所攘,乃大出募赏。
11.李允则守雄州巧妙“欺敌”,成就“奇功”,这里的“奇功”指的是“
”;而敌
人之所以被“欺”,则是因为李允则为“筑墙”找了一个正当的理由:。(2分)(二)阅读下面文章,完成12~16题。(14分)囤积食盐,有必要吗
①日本地震引发福岛核泄漏事件后,有一种流言:日本核泄漏会导致海水污染,以后的海盐都不能吃了。剩余的安全食盐有限,大家赶快去超市抢购吧。②日本核泄漏真的会影响中国的食盐安全吗?
③我们可以先看看以往核泄漏事故造成的影响。经调查,前苏联1986年发生的切尔诺贝利事件造成的核污染对周边湖泊的影响较大。因为湖泊是封闭水体,受到的污染最为严重。不过河流、海洋受到的污染相对较轻。俄罗斯科学院比较了1990~1992年几个核污染地区淡水鱼肌肉组织中的污染物铯137含量,发现不同河流和湖泊中鱼肌肉组织中富集的铯137量与水中的钾含量是呈反比的。在正常情况下,全世界淡水鱼肌肉组织中铯137的含量大约是200~1000贝可/千克(一种计量单位),而海鱼中这个量只有0.4~3.3贝可/千克。海水中高含量的钾是让铯137难以富集的原因。④而另一种污染物碘131的半衰期仅8天,即使它会造成较大范围的污染,也会在短时间内(大概三四个半衰期,约一个月的时间)衰减到安全程度。⑤再具体看福岛核泄漏对我国沿海有无影响。中国气象局台风与海洋气象预报中心根据洋流特征分析,日本东部外海海流为偏东至东北流向。放射性污染物将随洋流向东北方向的北太平洋区域移动,对我国沿海没有影响。
⑥由此看来,我国沿海海水受到严重污染的可能性非常低。话说回来,即使这种情况发生,我们也不会到“无盐可食”的地步,因为海盐并非食盐的唯一来源。
⑦我国的盐业早就从建国初的以海盐为主发展到海盐、井矿盐、湖盐协调并进的状态。海盐的比重在逐年下降。据2010年上半年的资料显示,我国原盐结构中海盐所占比例已经不到一半。井矿盐最多占46.5%,海盐占42.79%,湖盐占11.16%。内陆地区所产的盐都是井矿盐、湖盐。⑧此外,我国的盐矿资源丰富,现已查明的氯化钠储量大于100亿吨的盐矿床就有10余个。我国也是湖盐矿产资源极其丰富的国家,有大量的盐矿资源等待开发。⑨作为一种战略储备物资,我国各省区市都有大量仓点分储储备盐。近日,中盐总公司也发布消息称,目前食盐储备充足,没有必要盲目抢购囤积。中盐总公司也已紧急通知各地盐业公司启动应急机制,确保食盐供给。
⑩通过上述分析我们可以得出结论:囤盐真的没有必要。(文章选自网络,有删改)
12.本文从哪几个方面说明“我国沿海海水受到严重污染的可能性非常低”?(3分)
13.第④段中加点的“仅”如果换成“长达”,表达效果有什么不同?(2分)
14.第⑦段画线句子在文中有什么说明作用?(3分)
15.下列对文章理解和分析有误的一项()(3分)
A.与湖泊相比,河流与海洋受到的核污染相对较轻,两者受污染程度是相同的。B.淡水鱼肌肉组织中铯137含量比海鱼高是因为淡水中钾的含量比海水低。C.本文提到的核辐射污染物主要是铯137和碘131。D.第⑥段在全文结构上起到了承上启下的过渡作用。
16.如果将来福岛核泄露情况加剧,海水真的受到了污染,你的家人又要去囤盐,你如何运用本文获知的信息劝他理性购盐?(3分)
(三)阅读下面文章,完成17~21题。(14分)黄山绝壁松 冯骥才
①黄山以石奇云奇松奇名天下。然而登上黄山,给我以震动的是黄山松。
②黄山之松布满黄山。由深深的山谷至大大小小的山顶,无处无松。可是我说的松只是山上的松。
③山上有名气的松树颇多。如迎客松、望客松、黑虎松、连理松等等,都是游客们争相拍照的对象。但我说的不是这些名松,而是那些生在极顶和绝壁上不知名的野松。
④黄山全是石峰。裸露的巨石侧立千仞,光秃秃没有土壤,尤其那些极高的地方,天寒风疾,草木不生,苍鹰也不去那里,一棵棵松树却破石而出,伸展着优美而碧绿的长臂,显示其独具的气质。世人赞叹它们独绝的姿容,很少去想在终年的烈日下或寒风中,它们是怎样存活和生长的?
⑤一位本地人告诉我,这些生长在石缝里的松树,根部能够分泌一种酸性的物质,腐蚀石头的表面,使其化为养分被自己吸收。为了从石头里寻觅生机,也为了牢牢抓住绝壁,以抵抗不期而至的狂风的撕扯与摧折,它们的根日日夜夜与石头搏斗着,最终不可思议地穿入坚如钢铁的石体。细心便能看到,这些松根在生长和壮大时常常把石头从中挣裂!还有什么树木有如此顽强的生命力?
⑥我在迎客松后边的山崖上仰望一处绝壁,看到一条长长的石缝里生着一株幼小的松树。它高不及一米,却旺盛而又有活力。显然曾有一颗松子飞落到这里,在这冰冷的石缝间,什么养料也没有,它却奇迹般生根发芽,生长起来。如此幼小的树也能这般顽强?这力量是来自物种本身,还是在一代代松树坎坷的命运中磨砺出来的?我想,一定是后者。我发现,山上之松与山下之松决不一样。那些密密实实拥挤在温暖的山谷中的松树,干直枝肥,针叶鲜碧,慵懒而富态;而这些山顶上绝壁松却是枝干瘦硬,树叶黑绿,矫健又强悍。这绝壁之松是被恶劣与凶险的环境强化出来的。它虬劲和富于弹性的树干,是长期与风雨搏斗的结果;它远远地伸出的枝叶是为了更多地吸取阳光„„这一代代艰辛的生存记忆,已经化为一种个性的基因,潜入绝壁松的骨头里。为此,它们才有着如此非凡的性格与精神。
⑦于是,在大雪纷飞中,在夕阳残照里,在风狂雨骤间,在云烟明灭时,这些绝壁松都像一个个活着的人:像站立在船头镇定又从容地与激浪搏斗的艄公,战场上永不倒下的英雄,沉静的思想者,超逸又具风骨的文人,▲,▲„„在一片光亮晴空的映衬下,它们的身影就如同用浓墨画上去的一样。
⑧但是,别以为它们全像画中的松树那么漂亮。有的枝干被飓风吹折,暴露着断枝残干,但另一些枝叶仍很苍郁;有的被酷热与冰寒打败,只剩下赤裸的枯骸,却依旧尊严地挺立在绝壁之上。于是,一个强者应当有的品质——刚强、坚韧、适应、忍耐、奋取与自信,它全都具备。
⑨现在可以说了,在黄山这些名绝天下的奇石奇云奇松中,石是山的体魄,云是山的情感,而松——绝壁之松是黄山的灵魂。
17.对本文内容写法理解分析不正确的一项是()(3分)
A.作者首先以黄山松的分布和山上有名气的松树作铺垫,把读者视点引向“黄山绝壁松”。B.描写绝壁松生长环境情状,突显绝壁松的顽强生命力并引出对其原因的思考。C.通过对绝壁松浩荡博大的生命境界和伤残形态的细节描写来展示它独特的缺撼美。D.最后以盛赞黄山绝壁松为“黄山的灵魂”来结束全文,呼应开头,突出黄山绝壁松的品格和精神。
18.本文写的是黄山绝壁松,第⑥段为何花费笔墨写山谷中的松树?(3分)
19.从修辞角度赏析第⑤段中画线的句子。(3分)
为了从石头里寻觅生机,也为了牢牢抓住绝壁,以抵抗不期而至的狂风的撕扯与摧折,它们的根日日夜夜与石头搏斗着,最终不可思议地穿入坚如钢铁的石体。
20.结合具体的语言环境,在第⑦段横线处续写两种人。(2分),„„
21.文中的黄山绝壁松具有什么样的象征意义?(3分)
三(50分)
22.阅读下面的材料,按后面的要求写作。(50分)
一只十分勤奋的蚂蚁,有一天误入了一根折断的牛角中。
蚂蚁很小。弯弯的牛角,在它看来就像是一条极其阔的隧道。谁料,脚下的路却越走越窄,最后到了牛角尖竟无路可走。为此,蚂蚁不得不停下来认真思考。经过一番激烈的思想斗争,它决心掉过头来,重新开始。
这一回,它由牛角尖向牛角口进发,结果它惊喜地发现,道路越走越宽广,而且步出牛角。天蓝盈盈的,极其高远;地绿茵茵的,宛如绿浪滚滚的大海。一时间,它觉得海阔天空。要求:根据材料寓意,以“不钻牛角尖”为题,文体自选(诗歌除外),不少于600字。书写(3分)
2011年九年级语文第二次学情分析样题 参考答案及评分标准 一(23分)1.(10分)(1)夜泊秦淮近酒家
(2)荡胸生曾云
(3)谁家新燕啄春泥
(4)君问归期未有期
(5)老木沧波无限悲
(6)山随平野尽
(7)似曾相识燕归来
(8)先天下之忧而忧
(9)惟吾德馨
(10)思而不学则殆(每小句1分,错、漏、添、倒一字,该小句不得分)2.(2分)C 3.(2分)B 4.(2分)D 5.(3分)(1)舅舅们为争夺家产而斗殴阿廖沙
(2)骆驼祥子(每点1分)6.(4分)(1)南京青奥会会徽发布(南京青奥会1分,会徽发布1分)
(2)要点:①城门是南京的象征,点明是南京青奥会;②洞开的城门,点明是开放、沟通的青奥会;③像凯旋门,点明是成功的青奥会。(2分,一点1分,任答两点即可)二(44分)(一)(16分)7.(4分)(1)好(1分)
(2)运用比喻的修辞手法(1分),写出了春天的江南江水碧绿(比蓝草还要绿)的美景(1分),表达了作者的对江南美景(美好河山)的热爱(1分)。8.(4分)(1)完成(2)感到奇怪(以„„为怪)
(3)说
(4)实在(确实)(每个1分)9.(2分)C 10.(4分)(1)(把银香炉)摆放在庙里,故意不设置防备。(2)银炉被盗贼偷走,(李允则)就高价悬赏。(每句2分,画线处为得分点)11.(2分)展北城庙中屡遭寇(防盗贼)(每空1分)附:参考译文
李允则镇守雄州时,北门外居民住宅非常多,城里地面狭窄,他想向北扩展城墙,却因为与辽国发展友好关系,而担心辽人生出事来。北门外原来有一座东岳行宫庙,李允则用银子做成一个大香炉,(把银香炉)摆放在庙里,故意不设置防备。有一天,银香炉被盗贼偷走,他就高价悬赏,四处张榜,捉拿盗贼很紧迫。过了很久也没有抓到盗贼,(他)就放出口风说庙里多次遭到偷抢,征集民工修筑一道城墙把庙围起来,其实是扩展北边的城墙,不到十天城墙修筑完成,辽国人也不感到奇怪。这就是现在雄州的北关城。
大体上说来,军事上的机谋,未必都是奇异的策略,只要当时偶尔能够骗过敌人,就能成为奇功。当时的人有这样的说法:“(计谋)用得着,敌人失败;(计谋)用不着,自己蒙羞。”这话说得确实是对的。(二)(14分)12.(3分)①从以往核泄漏事故看,海洋受到的污染相对较轻。②污染物碘131的半衰期很短。③从洋流特征看,福岛核泄漏对我国沿海没有影响。(每点1分)13.(2分)“仅”突出污染物碘131的半衰期短(1分),而“长达”则突出污染物碘131的半衰期长(1分)。14.(3分)用列数字(1分)、作比较(1分)的说明方法,准确具体地突出“我国原盐结构中海盐所占比例已经不到一半”(“我国的盐业发展到海盐、井矿盐、湖盐协调并进的状态”)(1分)。15.(3分)A 16.(3分)要点:①可以选购井矿盐或湖盐;②我国盐矿资源丰富;③政府食盐储备充足。(一点1分)(三)(14分)17.(3分)C 18.(3分)运用衬托手法(反衬、对比)(1分),突出山顶上绝壁松枝干瘦硬,树叶黑绿,矫健又强悍(或非凡的性格与精神)(2分,笼统答性格或精神给1分)。19.(3分)运用拟人手法(1分,多答比喻也可,只答比喻不行),生动形象地(1分)表现了黄山绝壁松顽强的生命力(1分)。20.(2分)示例:追求更高、更快、更强的运动健儿,探索未知世界的科学家„„(一句1分,是强者,句式正确)21.(3分)象征具有刚强、坚韧、适应、忍耐、奋取与自信品质的生活的强者。(“品质”2分,用自己的话归纳1分;“强者”1分)三(50分)22.(50分)
(一)作文评分要求分为基础和发展两个等级。评分程序是:整体评定基础等级;37分以上(含37分)的作文再评定发展等级。1.基础等级
从内容、表达、结构这三方面评定作文类别。
项目 卷类
内容
表达
结构
一类卷(50-43分)
中心非常明确,内容具体充实。思想健康,感情真挚,观点正确。
文体规范。语言通畅。无病句。
结构完整。条理清楚,分段恰当。
二类卷(42-35分)
中心明确,内容具体,观点正确。
文体规范。语言通顺。
病句少(1-2句)。结构较完整。条理较清楚,能够分段。
三类卷(34-27分)
中心较明确,内容较具体,观点基本正确。
文体基本规范。语言尚通顺。病句多(3-4句)。
结构基本完整。条理尚清楚,分段不恰当。
四类卷(26-18分)
中心不明确,内容不具体,观点有偏差。
文体不够规范。语言不通顺。病句多(5-6句)。
结构不完整。条理不清楚。
五类卷(17分以下)
文不对题,观点不正确。
文体不合规范。语言极不通顺。
病句很多(7句以上)。
不成篇。
2.发展等级
发展等级分不超过7分,以下四方面具备一条即可得发展分:①题深刻;②选材精当;③有一定文采;④有一点创新。(二)作文评分常规要求
1.错别字每三个扣1分,重现的不计,最多扣2分。2.标点符号错误较严重者,酌情扣1—2分。3.字数每少50字扣l分,最多扣2分。4.作文总分不得超过50分。书写(3分)字迹清楚(1分);书写工整(1分);书写美观(1分)。