第一篇：高一必修一重点句型
问题补充：
高一必修3 第4单元主语从句的整个课堂怎么设计 能说得具体点吗
最佳答案 首先，在黑板上写：“A is B.”这是一句最简单的主系表的句子的公式。
A是什么，主语，B，表语。我们平时最熟悉的句子的主语，都是名词或代词。词组可以吗？像The man as well as his wife，都可以作主语。因为它的核心是the man，归根结底还是一个词。这里可以顺便告诉学生做选择题时须注意。看清楚主语的核心成分，避免在主谓一致的问题上犯错。
从词组过渡到定语从句。就是，让主语作为先行词，后面跟个定语从句。然后让学生先理解，主语也可以是一个“很长”的东西。可举几例。最后引到这句话：The fact that he's a thief is shocking.然后我们说，这句话什么意思，一件事很shocking，什么shocking？he's a thief这件事很shocking。所以，我们大家今天可以学会一种新的语法现象叫主语从句，既用一句句子来代替主语。先教大家用that引导陈述句从句的主语从句。
然后让大家巩固，自己造句。然后再陆续给出其它的可以引导主语从句的其他疑问代词或疑问副词，使用方法类定语从句，疑问词代替从句中所缺成分。做题目时，也可将疑问词回代从句中检查句子语法结构完整性、意思顺畅与否等判断自己的选择是否正确。
其实表语从句可以放在一起讲掉它！
我们知道，上好一节课的先决条件是教师要有扎实的基本功，同时还须要用心的备好课，既要备教材，备教法学法，还需备学生及偶发事件等，另外还要注意上课的一些技巧，才能为自己的课堂锦上添花。根据以上的教学法指导思想，我在面对新高一生上第一节英语课时采用了“首节课五步法”教学。作为一名英语教师，结合以往的教学经验，我在课前做了精心的准备，如整洁的穿戴，得体的衣着会给学生的第一视觉留下美好的印象，让学生产生一种亲和，敬佩和友善的感觉，为今后教学工作的顺利开展设下伏笔，使整堂课的教学过程严谨而有序，收到了理想的教学效果。
首先，初步的介绍。（First Introduction）（3-5分钟）
初步的介绍的内容包括欢迎大家进入高一，自我介绍，高一英语课程的特点和变化等。
初步介绍的形式应该尽量简洁明了，言简意赅，幽默风趣而又不失儒雅风范。如自我介绍中简略的介绍自己的从教经历（学生对此很感兴趣）毕业院校，家乡和你希望学生对你的称呼（你的姓氏、英文名，以便日后课前的问候）通过这样初步的介绍让学生认识了你，拉近了你和学生的距离。
第二步，自由谈。（Free Talk）(大约15分钟)
趁热打铁，刚刚学生认识了你，也是一个很好的示范，我们课堂要讲究互动，这一步让学生也谈谈他们自己，主要围绕以下几方面让学生张口，感受一下英语的魅力，表达自我，可就学生刚刚暑假结束让他们在自我介绍后，谈谈他们的暑假生活，他们的兴趣爱好，朋友家人，未来计划（上高一的打算）等等，这一步不必限定内容，让学生有话可说，让学生上讲台自由表达，每人可进行2—3分钟的小演讲。从这一步也可以观察出班级里面一些英语学习的活跃分子和一些擅长表达的学生，如果需要挑选课代表和英语学习小组长这也是个很好的发现的手段，课前准备好他们的座位表做好记录。实践证明，这一步若引导的好，让他们有话敢说，可以很好的活跃课堂气氛，为进入下一环节做好铺垫。
第三步，提出新要求、新希望。（Present New Requirement& Hope）(3-5分钟)
就“新”字做文章，学生虽经过初中的学习，对高中生活尚不了解，可能多少有些新鲜感可言，这时可就他们刚刚组成的新班级，新学年遇到的新的英语老师从而提出新的要求与希望，关键是要新，那些常规要求经过初中的洗礼他们都知道了，不必老调重弹，所以要创新。我就给他们提出一个字的要求与希望：COOPERATION（合作），并且让他们跟我学习了这个词的拼读和习惯用法，让他们明白该要求的内涵和外延。在以后的教学中，也发现证明这点要求的魅力无穷，可以很好的诠释。希望学生能愉快地合作一年，学生也一致同意，如此让学生喜欢上你，进而喜欢上这门英语课，所谓“亲其师、信其道”。
第四步，简略介绍高一英语的基本学习方法，并送上几条英语谚语。（Advice About Learning English and Some English Proverbs）(15分钟左右)
要想学好英语，特别是高一英语，必须有端正的学习态度。态度决定一切，细节决定成败（Attitude is everything）。还要有科学的学习方法。“在科学上没有平坦的大道,只有不畏
劳苦沿着陡峭山路攀登的人,才有希望达到光辉的顶点。”（马克思）（There is no shortcut in the science road ,only be deligent.)学英语要做到“勤”字当头，勤用心、勤记、勤练、勤问、勤归纳比较。勤学好问，特别是要善于发现问题、提出问题，并通过问同学、问老师等来解决问题，从而逐步提高自己的英语水平。勤工出巧匠(Work makes the workman)。
认真听讲，做好课堂笔记，做到多管齐下，五官并用，即眼看、耳听、脑想、口说、手写，从而提高课堂效率。良好的开端是成功的一半，从现在开始（A good beginning is half done）。
积极大胆，对于我们来说，英语是一门外语，初学时出错或读不准是自然现象。因此，我们要打消畏惧心理，积极大胆地去练习，不怕出错、不怕读不准，甚至不怕别人笑话。不要害怕，只要一试（Don’t be shy, just try.）。
学好英语不是轻而易举就能达到的，学好它的确是一件苦差事，我们应该做好吃苦的准备，苦中求乐，苦练多用，勤练习多用，方可熟能生巧(Practice makes perfect)。
持之以恒。要想学好英语，单靠一时的激情和冲动、只图一时新鲜是不行的（A little knowledge is a dangerous thing）。它是一项长期工程。只有坚持，才会学有所成（You never know what you can till you try）。否则，只能半途而废。
至于单词、语法，四项技能的培养的具体方法，印成讲义发给学生课后学习。
最后，布置作业。（Homework）（2-3分钟）
1.用英语写一篇短文简要介绍自己和对高一学习的打算。（Title:Self-introduction and senior II learning plan）.2.熟读学习英语学习方法材料。
3.准备好“三本”——作业本（3个），课本（必备），笔记本（自备）。
4.预习新单元课程内容。
总之，以上介绍的“首节课五步法”教学设计和思考是笔者根据近两年的教学实践摸索与总结的成果，经过实践检验与证明，这一方法得到了历届所带班级学生的认可与欢迎。在所
带的学生中有很多在日后对我说我的第一节课给他们留下了深刻的印象，让他们重对英语燃起了希望，激发了他们的学习热情与信心，使他们看到了学好英语的曙光。
英语课开场白1: Hello,everyone!I'm very happy to see you here.What about you?........Do you know who I am?If you want to know more about me ,I think you must learn English well and speak English well.Now I think we must decide who will introduce himself to others first,you or me?let's play a game, and decide whose turn will be the first one.(Then play a game and introduce oneself to each other.)英语课开场白2: good morning everyone, how r u? May I introduce myself first, my name is xx(写黑板)，and you can just simply call me xx，I am very glad to be you xx teacher in the next few months time, and I really hope I could be your friend as well but not only your teacher.Well, this is my first lesson in my life(maybe not), so if there is any inconvenience between us, please do tell me, than I could make a little notice on that next time.And if you have any questions wanna ask, please don't be shy.Ok, just before I start this lesson, if you do have any questions about me right now, I am listening.(please do so/please ask)....英语课开场白3: Hi, my dear children, I am glad to be your teacher and friend from now on.I am lisahong, M..is my family name.How about you? I am eager to know about all of you.So do your new classmates.Now i 'd like u to introude yourself to your classmates as well as me.This class, there is only 10 chances.Who would volunteer first?(Hopefully, anyone would raise their hand first)..., good, you please first.....After 10 students introduce themselves, you may start your first lesson.英语课开场白4: Good afternoon, boys and girls, I am XXX(put down your name on the blackboard)for your English lessons(your new teacher), also I am very glad to have this opportunity to teach you some knowledge in here, but first of all, I want to give all of you some brief introduction of mine.......(bla bla bla).Before we are going to study the new courses, I'd like to go and review for the last lesson.英语夏令营开场白 Hello,every one!Welcome to our summer English vacation.It's a good opportunity to improve our English.And I hope every one can seize it!We shall be good friends in the very time.And the special experience will be an unforgettable memory!Wish all of you a good time!
第二篇：高一英语必修一必背句型
高一英语必修一必背句型
1)It was the first time in a year and a half tnight face to face.（从句时态用完成时）这是我睹夜晚。
2)I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been ableso long that I’ve grown so crazy about everythin（强调句）我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
3)I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleorder to have a good look at the moon for once晚上，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看4)Your friend, who doesn’t work hard, asks yoin the end-of-term exam.（非限制性定语从句）你末考试中帮他作弊，这个朋友平常不认真学习。
5)If you have some trouble(in)getting along you can write to the editor and ask for advice相处上有问题，你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。6)Add up your score and see how many points y得分加起来，看看得了多少。7)What he did has added to our difficulties.我们的困难。
8)His income adds up to $1000 a month.他每月的9)It's no pleasure looking through these any lois one thing that really must be experienced.趣，因为大自然是你必须体验的。
10)Why is she so concerned about his attitude什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法？
11)The police asked him to set down what he had警察让他在报告中写下他所看见的事情。
12)As I was about to go out and search for him, in.正当我打算出去找他时，他恰巧进来。
13)Mr.Jones lives alone and often feels lone人生活，常常感到孤独。
14)We tried to calm him down, but he kept cryi静下来，但他仍不停地哭着。
15)Does he dare(to)go out at night in such 敢在这样一个暴风雨夜外出吗？
16)He would go through fire and water for his家赴汤蹈火。
17)That country suffered a heavy loss in the f灾中遭受严重的损失。
18)World Englishes come from those countries wan important role as a first or second language,foreign rule or because of its special role aslanguage.（定语从句）世界英语来自那些以英语为家，英语在这些国家起重要作用，或是因为外国的统国际语言的特殊地位。19)All languages change when cultures communicat当不同的语言互相沟通时，所有的语言都会发生变化20)Actually, the English spoken between about based more on German than present day English.年到1150年，人们所说的英语更多的是以德语为基础21)Would you please come up to my flat for a v里来坐坐，好吗？
22)Believe it or not, he cheated in the exams考试中作弊。
23)Native English speakers can understand eachdon’t speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同24)Today the number of people learning Englishthan even before.目前在中国学习英语的人数比以25)It is the duty of a government to provide children of its country.（it作形式主语）政府的小孩提供教育。
26)Reading is one of the best ways of improving usage.阅读是帮助你改善词汇及其用法的最好方法之27)Giving commands is less polite than making令比发出请求粗鲁。
28)We asked her for directions and she told us toon the left and keep going straight for two blo她告诉我们往左边拐弯后直走两个街区。
29)He knows several languages, such as English,他懂几种语言，例如英语、法语和德语。30)My sister and I have dreamed about cycling alofrom where it begins to where it ends.我姐姐和河从源头到终点骑车旅行。
31)The man insisted that he didn’t steal anythbe set free at once.(陈述语气、虚拟语气)这男西，他坚持说他应该立刻被释放。32)She gave me a determined look ?C the kind tht change her mind.她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这改变主意的。
33)He is so stubborn that no one can persuade h他是如此的固执以致没有人能说服他做任何事。34)My sister doesn’t care about details.我的的。
35)She is a determined woman.Once she determinshe will do it well.她是个意志坚强的人。如果她一定要做好。
36)He recorded the important events ad his aftravel journal.在旅行日记中，他记下了重大的事37)I am not familiar with this city, because this我对这个城市不熟悉，因为这是我的第一次来访。38)I don’t think it is necessary for us to g没有必要让步。
39)The topics of a travel journal can be diffeoften including people, things, and events less f游记的主题可以和日记不同，经常包括那些读者不太40)It was great fun to put up tents here.在这41)The number of people who were killed or injurereached more than 400,000.（定语从句）死伤的人42)The army organized the rescue workers to digtrapped and to bury the dead.（定语从句）部队的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。
43)All hope was not lost.= Not all hope was lo是所有的希望都破灭了。
44)None of us were allowed to go there.（全部否去那里。
45)He rescued the man from drowning.他救了一46)An earthquake left the whole city in ruins处是残垣断壁。
47)I feel highly honoured by your trust.得到常荣幸。
48)Professor Yu organized his thoughts before 于教授在演讲之前组织了一下思路。
49)Many people took shelter from the rain in th许多人在百货公司里避雨。50)It seemed that the world was at an end as the eanearly everything.世界似乎到了末日，因为地震几乎毁了一切。
51)People began to wonder how long the disaste开始纳闷，这场灾难还会持续多久？
52)They used candles all the time instead of e直用蜡烛，没有用电。
53)The one million people of the city, who thoustrange events, went to bed as usual that nigh句）
这城市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些奇怪的情况当常上床睡觉了。
54)We’d better prepare him for the bad news.道这个坏消息的心理准备。
55)The rubbish gave out a smelly gas.垃圾发出56)I am getting in touch with him right away.57)Are you willing to do public service work w无偿从事公益活动吗？
58)Do you easily lose heart when you are in t中时容易丧失信心吗？
59)The time when I first met him was a very diflife.第一次见到他的时候是在我一生中非常艰难的60)It is a doctor’s job to advise patients on h生的职责就是向病人提供有关健康的建议。
61)As a matter of fact, I was worried about wheof work.事实上我担心我是不是会失业。
62)After getting up, he always drinks a glass believes is good for his health.（非限制性定语他都喝一杯水，他认为这对他的身体有好处。
63)The last thirty years have seen the greatestopping our rights and progress, until today we hwhere we have almost no rights at all.（定语从出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
64)In his life, he has always tried to help tfortunate than himself.（定语从句）在他的一生那些比他不幸的人。
65)Only then did we decide to answer violence 装句）只有到这个时候我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。66)Only some of the children seemed to have u只有一部分孩子明白。
67)The school where I studied only two years waaway.那所我仅仅读了两年的学校有三公里远。（定68)The parts of town where they lived were placpeople.（过去分词作后置定语）他们在城里的住宅区69)Before he came to power, he was once put in在掌权之前，他曾经坐了几年牢。
70)This was my reward after working all my liffor the Blacks.这是我毕生为争取黑人的平等权利而71)He was sentenced to three years in prison 偷窃被判处三年监禁。
72)He set up a black law firm to help those poo开设了一间黑人律师事务所帮助那些穷苦的黑人。73)In 1963, I helped him blow up some governm1963年，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。
74)My family could not continue to pay my scho法继续支付我的学费。
75)He taught us during the lunch breaks and thshould have been asleep.（虚拟语气）在午餐的休应该睡觉的时候他教授我们。
第三篇：高一历史必修一重点知识点总结
很多人对历史学科的理解仅仅停留在记住时间地点人物事件上，真正的历史体现在历史的思维方式和价值观的引领上。下面给大家带来一些关于高一历史必修一重点知识点总结，希望对大家有所帮助。
高一历史必修一重点知识点总结1
第1课 夏商制度与西周封建
一、夏商政治制度
1、夏朝(前2070—前1600)：中国第一个国家政权，出现凌驾于全社会之上的公共权力，出现了王位继承的传子制度。
2、商朝(前1600—前1046)：成汤灭夏。(1)内服外服：内服是王畿，即商王直接统
治地区。外服是附属国管辖地区，商王控制着支配内外服的实际权力。但控制力非常有限。
(2)神权色彩：垄断神权，强化王权。
二、西周政治制度(前1046—前771)：封邦建国。
1、分封制
(1)概念：保证王室强大的条件下，将亲族和功臣分派各地，建诸侯国。
(2)方法：A、周王：最高统治，王都镐京，都城王畿，直接驻地B、同姓亲族：分封主体，富庶之处，战略要地，土地人口C、异姓诸候：(姻亲、功臣、先代贵族)待遇不同
(3)影响：周王通过授土授民，势力范围不断扩大;确立天下共主地位，巩固了统治。但是后来逐渐导致诸侯割据称雄和国家分裂局面。
2、宗法制
(1)目的：巩固分封制形成的统治秩序，解决权力、财产和土地的继承矛盾
(2)特点：血缘纽带和政治关系结合起来
(3)核心：嫡长子继承制
(4)体系：大宗、小宗;大宗和小宗的关系是相对的。
(5)影响：既是家庭等级关系，也是政治隶属关系;有利于凝聚宗族力量，强化王权，保证“世卿世禄”。
3、礼乐制：成为政治生活准则，维护宗法分封的工具。
三、中国古代早期政治制度的特点：带有浓厚的血缘色彩和上古部落联盟体制的遗存。
高一历史必修一重点知识点总结2
第2课 大一统和中央集权制度的确立
一、秦朝的统一
1、背景：春秋战国时期生产力进步，分封宗法制逐渐崩溃;商鞅变法，秦国逐渐强大
2、统一：前221
二、专制主义中央集权的确立
1、特征：权力的高度集中;表现在皇权至上、“家天下”的皇位继承制
2、中央集权制度的基本内容(措施)：①皇帝制度。
②三公九卿制度(中央政府)。三公指丞相、御史大夫和太尉。丞相为百官之首;御史大夫掌管律令、图籍，监察百官;太尉管理军务。中央官员互相配合，互相牵制，大权操纵于皇帝手中。
③地方：实行郡县制
④制定官吏选拔和考核制度
⑤制定严密而严苛的法律，成为中央集权工具
三、影响：
彻底打破传统的贵族分封制，奠定了中国大一统王朝制度的基础，对2000多年的中国政治与社会产生重要影响。
高一历史必修一重点知识点总结3
第3课 古代政治制度的成熟
一、中枢权力机构(中央行政体制)的变化——削弱相权，加强皇权
1、秦朝：三公九卿制度。丞相位高权重。
2、汉武帝：中朝制度，与“三公”相制衡。东汉时期的尚书台取代了三公的权力。
3、隋唐时期：三省六部制确立。
A、即中书省(起草)、门下省(审议)、尚书省(执行)，三省长官皆宰相。尚书省下设六部(吏部、户部、礼部、兵部、刑部、工部)，处理日常政务。
B、影响：三省之间相互牵制，互为补充，分工明确，提高效率，分割相权，加强皇权;标志着中国古代政治体制发生深刻变化，对后世的国家体制产生深远影响。
4、宋朝：二府三司制。三省长官不参与政事，另设“中书门下”，作为办公机构，只保留行政权。军政归枢密院，财政归三司(度支、盐铁、户部)
5、元朝：废除三省，只设中书省。宰相为左右丞相和平章政事。六部也归中书省。地方实行行省制。
6、明朝(1)明太祖朱元璋：废除丞相，权分六部，皇帝亲掌六部。(解决了皇权和相权的矛盾)，设殿阁大学士，品秩较低，仅备顾问，协理奏章，不参与决策。
(2)明成祖时设立内阁：。大学士开始参与军国大事，内阁地位逐渐上升，有了专门
衙署属官，阁臣权力越来越大。起草对大臣奏章的批复意见，称“票拟”，皇帝朱笔裁定，称“批红”。
7、清朝：设军机处
(1)、背景：清朝建立，承袭明制，设立内阁，处理日常事务。军国大事，由满洲贵族组成的议政王大臣会议来处理。
(2)、设立：雍正年间为处理西北军务而设。军机大臣参与处理内政外交，制定军政大计，审理重大案件。但本身品级不高，不得私自交往，日夜轮渡值班，完全听命于皇帝，只能跪奏笔录。
(3)、影响：提高行政效率;标志着专制皇权发展到顶峰。
二、选官制度的变化
1、秦朝：军功爵制度
2、汉武帝：察举制和征辟制
察举制：地方向中央推荐人才。征辟制：中央和地方政府向社会征聘人才。
3、隋唐时期：科举制度。
影响：(1)积极：为打破了身份的限制，体现了公平和择优录取的原则，对后世影响深远;扩大了统治的社会基础，为官僚队伍提供了高素质人才;促进了官僚体制的成熟;保证了中华帝国的长期繁荣。
(2)局限：到了明清时期，科举制的八股取士方式束缚了人们的思想。
三、监察制度和谏议制度
1、监察制度
(1)秦朝：御史大夫。(2)汉代专设御史府，汉武帝在地方设刺史。(3)隋唐：门下省。(4)明清时期：中央设都察院(监察御史)、六科给事中，合称“科道”;地方设按察使司。
2、谏议制度：隋唐时期的门下省、北宋的谏院
3、评价：积极：作为一种常设的政治制度，有利于整顿吏治，打击地方割据势力，维护中央集权，谏正皇帝过失，防止决策失误。
局限：不能从根本上约束皇帝的无上权力，也不能杜绝官僚队伍中的腐败和低效。
四、地方政治制度的演变
(1)秦朝：郡县制(2)汉初：郡国并行制。东汉到魏晋实行州郡县三级制(3)元朝：创立行省制，实行省路府(州)县制。
五、(1)中国古代政治制度的成熟的体现：以三省六部制为代表的中央行政体制、以科举制为代表的选官用人制度、维护官僚队伍廉洁高效的监察制度。
(2)汉唐以来政治制度的特点：为了维护中央集权的需要不断加强对官吏和地方的控制;同时随着社会结构的变化，不断吸纳新生力量，保持统治基础的稳固。
高一历史必修一重点知识点总结4
第4课 专制集权的不断加强
一、西汉时期：
1、汉朝初年，刘邦推行郡国并行制，以巩固皇权，稳定天下。但结果是地方诸侯国权力膨胀，在公元前154年，发生“七国之乱”(实质：中央与地方矛盾激化)
2、汉武帝刘彻：实行推恩令解决王国问题;设刺史加强监督;强干弱枝。
二、唐末五代：节度使权力膨胀，造成藩镇割据(实质：中央与地方矛盾)，国家分裂。
三、北宋时期：中央集权强化
1、背景：960年，后周大将赵匡胤陈桥兵变，袍加身，建立宋朝，为宋太祖。
2、措施：宋太祖采纳宰相赵普的建议，从权、钱、兵着手，加强中央集权。
(1)收精兵：
A、中央：将实力最强的禁军划归互不统属的三衙——殿前司、侍卫马军司、侍卫步军司统领(统兵权)，发兵权归枢密院。使统兵权与调兵权分离，利于皇帝控制军队。
B、地方：强干弱枝、守内虚外
(2)削实权：
A、中央：削夺宰相和武将的权力，实行二府三司制度。
B、地方：削夺节度使权力，所有州郡直属中央;派文臣出任州郡长官，州郡长官之下设通判监督，有权向朝廷直接奏报。
(3)制钱谷：州郡财赋，除自留小部分，其余运往京师或指定地点，由中央掌握，消除地方割据的物质基础。
3、影响：
A、改变唐末五代藩镇割据的分裂局面，加强了中央集权，巩固了统一，有利于社会的稳定和经济的发展。
B、中央集权日益加强，中央与地方分权的斗争已处绝对上风。
C、造成了冗兵、冗官、冗费和积贫积弱的局面，造成了北宋中期的社会危机。
D、皇权与相权矛盾变得突出起来。
四、如何看待专制主义中央集权制度?
1、积极：有利于维护国家统一，社会稳定;有利于抵御外来侵略;有效组织大规模经济活动，奠定中华文明长期领先世界的基础;有利于各地区、各民族间的经济文化交流。
2、消极：容易形成暴政，民主政治无从发展，容易出现腐败的局面;封建社会后期，阻碍了资本主义萌芽的发展;思想上的专制严重阻碍了近代科学的发展。
高一历史必修一重点知识点总结5
第12课 鸦片战争
一、第一次鸦片战争(1840——1842)
1、背景：(1)根本原因：英国走上资本主义道路(完成工业革命)，寻找原料产地和商品倾销市场。(2)重要原因：中国地大物博，闭关自守，政府腐败。(3)直接原因：禁烟运动(英国为了扭转贸易逆差，向中国走私鸦片，导致中国白银大量外流。)(4)导火线：1839年虎门销烟，鼓舞了中国人民的斗志。
2、结果：近代第一个不平等条约《南京条约》
(1)、内容：A、五口通商(广州、福州、厦门、宁波、上海)B、割香港岛C、协定关税(最能反映列强发动战争的目的)D、列强取得领事裁判权和片面最惠国待遇。
3、影响：(1)政治：领土完整遭到破坏，独立发展道路中断，开始沦为半殖民地半封建社会，是中国近代史的开端。
(2)经济：被迫卷入资本主义世界市场。(作为资本主义国家的原料产地和商品倾销市场)
二、第二次鸦片战争(1856——1860)
1、原因：列强进一步扩大在华利益。(本质上与第一次鸦片战争相同，所以是第一次鸦片战争的继续和扩大。)
2、过程：1860年英法联军攻入北京，火烧圆明园。
33、结果：1858签订《天津条约》、1860《北京条约》：开放11个通商口岸;赔款;割九龙司;外国商船在长江各口岸往来;允许到内地游历、通商、传教。
4、影响：A、加深了中国半殖民地半封建社会的程度。B、清政府权力结构发生变化。C、地主阶级掀起洋务运动——迈出了近代化的第一步。
第13课 太平天国运动(1851——1864)农民阶级领导的反封建反侵略的斗争
一、背景：A、阶级矛盾尖锐：鸦片战争后，列强倾销商品，冲击传统经济结构，手工业者破产;鸦片输入增加，白银大量外流;战费分摊，官吏搜刮，人民困苦。
B、自然灾害严重，激化矛盾。
二、过程：
1、1856年颁布《天朝田亩制度》
(1)内容：按人口平均分配土地;建立“四有二无”的理想社会。
(2)评价：积极——突出反映了农民要求摆脱封建剥削、废除封建土地所有制的愿望，将农民运动推向了高峰;局限——这是一种绝对平均主义，超越生产力的发展水平，只是一个空想，无法实施。
2、《资政新篇》 洪仁玕
(1)内容：象西方学习，发展资本主义
(2)评价：近代中国第一次提出资本主义性质的改革方案;未能反映农民阶级最迫切的愿望和要求，缺少必要的实施条件，没有真正实行。
三、意义：A、动摇清政府统治;B、第一次提出资本主义性质的改革方案《资政新篇》;
C、拉开了旧民主主义革命的序幕。
高一历史必修一重点知识点总结
第四篇：高一语文必修一
1．下列词语中加点字的注音完全正确的一组是()
A．倩（qián）影湔（qiān）雪猝（cù）然狙（jū）击
B．伫（zhù）立恪（kâ）守慰藉（jiâ）昊（hào）天
C．残骸（hái）勋（xūn）章隽（jūn）永胡诌（zhōu）
D．撮（cuō）合氤氲（yūn）瘦削（xiāo）惬（qiâ）意
2．下列各组语段中错别字最少的一组是（）
A．只觉得天地圣众欣享了牲醴和香烟，都醉醺醺的在空中蹒跚，豫备给鲁镇的人们以无限的幸福。
B．屈屈折折的河塘上面，弥望的是田田的叶子。叶子出水很高，象婷婷的舞女的裙。
C． 生命和死亡全不相融。死时，生便不存在，皆是死亡，犹如一场势不可挡的洪水。
继而，一股新的浪头拥起，便全是生命，便是银色的极乐的源泉。
D． 我不想信战争只是政客和资本家搞出来的，芸芸众生的罪过和他们一样大；不然，许多人民和民族早就起来反判了！
3、下列各句中成语使用不当的一句是（）
A、到了十一月，一个冷酷无情、肉眼看不见、医生管他叫做“肺炎”的不速之客，在艺术区里蹑手蹑脚，用他的冰冷的手指这儿碰碰那儿摸摸。
B、他这些年如天马行空般在国内国外四处游历，见识增长了不少，对当今社会发展的趋势有了更清醒的认识。
C、“哟，我从没听到过这么荒唐的话。”苏艾装出满不在乎的样子数落她说：“老藤叶同你的病有什么相干？”
D、上帝在交给我们这个事实的时候，已经顺便保证了她的结果，所以死是一件不必急于求成的事，死是一个必然会降临的节日。这样想过之后我安心多了，眼前的一切不再那么可怕。
4、填入空格处最恰当的一组词是（）
（1）她艰难的命运、的意志和毫不张扬的爱，随光阴流转，在我的印象中愈加鲜明深刻。
（2）我的手依依不舍地留恋罗马及后期的逼真的大理石雕刻，我的手抚摸遍了米开朗基罗的感人的英勇的摩西石雕像，我感知到罗丹的力量，我敬畏哥特人对于木刻的。
（3）那个人东张西望，神色慌张，十分可疑，很可能就是那个不定而久未抓到的犯罪嫌疑人李某。
A、坚韧虔诚形迹行迹B、坚韧真诚行迹形迹
第五篇：高一必修一英语教案范文
学英语最重要的还是培养兴趣，不求甚解的背诵，当然还有日复一日的坚持和积累。以下是高一必修一英语教案，欢迎阅读。
Step I.Revision
Check the homework with the whole class.Step II.Warming up
Ask the students to read the instructions and make sure they know what to do, and then have a discussion about the two pictures.T: Today, before we begin our reading, I’d like to ask you a question, “What is the biggest sound you have heard in your life?”
S1: The sound of wind that blew in a winter night when I was very young.It sounded like a ghost who was howling.I was very frightened at that time.S2: The biggest noise was the one that I heard when my neighbor was quarrelling with his wife.Perhaps, they broke their TV set.T: That’s too terrible.S3: The noise when planes take off.S4: The sound of trains.T: Good!I agree that all of them are big sound.But did you once heard the sound that the heaven falls and the earth cracks, in Chinese it is 天崩地裂?
Ss: No, we have no chance to hear that.T: If there is a sound like this, what is it?
S5: When someone hears something unexpected and terrible.For example, when one of his loved families dies, he will feel this sound.T: Terrific!You are using a literary way to express the sound.S6: When an earthquake happens.T: Great!I have waited for this answer for a long time.Today we’ll learn something about earthquakes.I think most of us have heard of earthquakes.Can you imagine how terrible it is ?
S7: The earth is shaking.All the buildings will fall down.S8: Many people will die.And perhaps many children will lose their parents.T: Yeah, earthquakes are disasters to everybody.Now look at the two pictures of Tangshan and San Francisco.Can you describe what you see in the pictures?
S1: Tangshan is a beautiful city.It has beautiful gardens, broad roads and some tall buildings.S2: From the picture of San Francisco,I can see that it is a very big city.There are many tall buildings thickly standing on the earth.I think the population of the city is very large.T: Good!What will happen if there has been a big earthquake in these two cities? Work in pairs and discuss it.Then I’ll ask so me of you to show your opinion.Step III.Pre-reading
There are two questions in this part.Both are very interesting.The first one c
an more or less reveal the students’ values;while the second one can enlarge their imagination.No matter what their answers are, as long as they have given careful thoughts to the situations, their answers should be good.T: Now, let’s look at the pictures.What are the predictions of an earthquake?
S1: Before an earthquake animals will become nervous.Cows, pigs, horses and dogs will be upset.And people can see mice running about.If the earthquake happens during winter, people can even see snakes.T: Terrific!Where did you get this knowledge?
S1: From geography.I like it.T: good.Sit down please.S2: Madam, I don’t know the meaning of the picture with two women.T: It doesn’t matter.You will know it soon after reading our text.OK.Imagine there is an earthquake now, and your home is shaking, at this moment you have no time to take any other things but one, what will it be?
S3: I’ll take all my money.People can’t live without money.S4: I will take as much water as possible.Because it is said that people can keep alive for nearly 7 days by drinking without any food
S5: In that case, I’d rather take some apples, so that besides drinking, I can also eat.S6: I will carry my grandma.She is my most loved person in this world.She brought me up.T: What a dutiful child you are!I’m very glad to hear that.Sit down please!It seems that all of you know what you should do during an earthquake.OK.Let’s read our text, and see what it tells us.Step IV.Reading
In this part, teacher should ask the students to read the passage quickly for the first time to get the general idea of the passage.Ask them to pay attention to the first sentence of each paragraph.This can help them finish exercise3 in Comprehention.It is about the main idea of each paragraph.Then ask them to read the text again carefully to obtain some details.Before reading for the second time, show some questions on the screen, and let the students read the questions first.These questions can guide them to have a good understanding about the text.They can also make preparations for Exs1-2,which are about details.Skimming
T: At first I’d like to read the text quickly to get the general idea of the article.While reading, you should pay attention to the sentence of each paragraph.T: Have you got the general idea of the text?
Ss: Yes.T: What is it?
S1: There is no quick answer to this question.Are you suggesting us that the general idea is the mixture of the first sentences of each paragraph?
T: Sure.S1:OK.That’s easy.The main idea of the passage is some signs of the earthquake, and what would happen during the quake.T: Good, sit down please.In fact, while we are answering the questions, we have involved the sequence, the functional item for this unit.(Teacher writes the word on the blackboard)Do you understand the meaning of the word?
Ss: No.T: Sequence means the order of the events.It can tell us which event happens first, and which happens later.Do you know the sequence that is used in our text?
S3: Yes.At first, the text tells us something that happened before the quake, then it tells us the things that happened during the quake and at last it tells us the things that happened after the earthquake.T: Quite right!Now please look at the screen, these are the first sentences of each paragraph.Read them and think if they are the main idea of the text.If necessary, you may make some changes to make more exact.Teacher shows the screen and gives a little time to think it over.1.Strange things were happening in the countryside in the northeast Hebei.2.The disaster happened and caused a lot of loss.3.All hope was not lost.Careful reading
T: Now, it’s time for us to read the text carefully.But before reading, you should read some questions first.These questions may help you get some information quickly and easily.Now look at the screen, and read the questions.Show on the screen
1.What natural signs of a coming disaster were there?
2.Can you think of some reasons why these signs weren’t noticed?
3.What events probably made the disaster worse?
4.What situations probably made the disaster worse?
5.How were the survivors held?
Step V.Extension
Show the questions on the screen.1.From whose point of view are events described? How do you know?
2.What is the mood of this passage? How is it created?
3.Why do you think the writer chooses to express his feelings about the quake rather than simply reporting what had happened?
4.Why is the title A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP?
5.What does the sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again.” mean?
Answers:
1.He uses third-person to describe the quake.His description is very objective.For example, the second sentence in the third paragraph.The writer says: “Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.” The writer uses they instead of we.2.The mood is serious and a bit sad.It is created by giving details of how many people and animals were killed or injured, and how many buildings were destroyed.3.Although the writer was not there, he felt sad for the people of Tangshan.He knows that some personal feelings will make the reading more interesting.4.I think the reason is that, as usual, night is the time to sleep, and night should be safe and quiet.But that night everything changed.The writer uses A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP as a title to show how terrible and how unusual the night was.5.Here we can see that the writer compared the city to a person who suffered a lot in the disaster.He felt her pain, and he worried about her.So when he said that people came to help her, we can feel his feelings to the city.The city will not die, she has hope and she can recover from the pain.Step VI Comprehending
Answers to Exx1-
31.1.C 2.E 3.B 4.D 5.A
2.1.The walls of the villages wells had cracks in them..Roads got huge cracks
3.Brick buildings were destroyed.4.The army helped the survivors.5.Shelters were put up for those with no homes.3.1.Strange things were happening in the countryside in northeast Hebei..1.The disaster happened and caused a lot of loss.2.All hope was not lost.Step VII Homework
课后反思：总体感觉上，本节课上得比较成功，心情愉快。基本上完成了教学任务。学生们不但对地震有了一定的了解，而且能用英语进行简单的描述。但是同学们在讨论、汇报、回答问题时词汇单一，句式多是中国方的英语。在今后的教学中要加强语句表达方面的训练。
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