2010年高考英语总复习题库-短文改错[一]

第一篇：2010年高考英语总复习题库-短文改错[一]

2010届高考总复习英语题库——短文改错

（一）The alarm was first gone off on the third floor．76．

People left the building hurriedly but in a orderly manner．77．

They came out carry their shopping bags and their parcels，78．

some not properly wrapped and some not even paid．79．Most passer-by waited in the street to watch．Many of the80．

shops and offices in the street had just closed．Mr．Clement，81．

the officer in charge of，ordered all hoses（软管）82．

to turned to the roof of the main building.People were pushed83．

back from the area of their own safety.Seven officers84．

entered the basement or were driven back within minutes．85．

Hurriedly they put on their masks（防毒面具），ready to try again．

短文改错

76.was→had。go是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。was gone中gone是形容词，表示“不

见了；走了”。

77.a→an。orderly是以元音音素开头的，所以用不定冠词an。

78.carry→carrying。carrying．．．是现在分词短语作谓语动词came out的伴随状语。

79.paid后加for。pay for表示“付钱买东西”。

80.passer-by→passers-by。由其前面的修饰语most可知，该处应该用名词复数形式。

81.√。

82.去掉of。在 in charge of短语中of后应该接宾语，没有宾语应该去掉of。

83.turned前面加 be。hoses不能自己指向屋顶，必须由人操作，所以用不定式的被动式。

84.of→for。介词for常用来表示目的，for their own safety指“为了他们的自身安全”。of无

此意。

85.or→but。这里表示意义上的转折，所以用but。

When I walked into the classroom, the teacher was handing

in the tests.I was feeling very nervous.I had not studied 76._____________ at all at the weekend as I had thought it would be easy test.77._____________ I went through the test for many times but I could only answer 78._____________ three out from the twenty questions.I did not want to fail 79._____________ the exam.Then, I put my book under my desk, opening it 80._____________ and started looking for the answer.The teacher wasn't 81._____________ looking at me, but I copied something.Suddenly, I felt a hand 82._____________ on my shoulder!The teacher caught me cheating.I don't 83._____________ know what to say.Luckily, the teacher did not punish for 84._____________ cheating but instead gave me a second chance.85._____________

76.in→out77.easy前加an78.去掉for79.from→of80.opening→opened

81.answer→answers82.but→so83.don’t→didn’t84.punish后加me85.√

At Chinese New Year, my family and I have a very busy time.Two days before New Year’s Day, I went out with myfriends from school to the seafood restaurant in Pudong.It was the noisiest restaurant I had ever been to, and thefood was delicious.After that, we went to shopping for newclothes and found lots bargains.I visited my old teacher,Mr.Smith.To my surprised, he said he didn’t find ChineseNew Year very excited.He was not even wearing new clothes!Because we have so many tests this week, so I have tostart studying hard again now.I wish the holiday were long!

76.have改为had

77.此行无错。

78.the改为a。

79.and改为but。

80.去掉to/shopping 改为shop。

81.lots 后加of。

82.surprised 改为surprise。

83.excited改为exciting。

84.去掉第二个so。

85.long改为longer。

I was a high school student then, from low-income

family.So I have to work to support my family.My

first one job was to clean tables in a small restaurant.I still remember going there early and felt anxious about

the new world.I worked harder because I was afraid of

losing the job.At night, I was sometimes very tired to do

my homework.And I came to understand that was not

easy to earn money, and knowledge could change

my life.So what I learned from the job, in a hard

way, was much more important as what I earned.改错：

I was a high school student then, from∧ low-incomefirst one job was to clean tables in a small restaurant.my homework.And I came to understand that∧ was not easy to earn money, and∧ knowledge could change my life.So what I learned from the job, in a hard

There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening.The game was among a Spanish team and an Italian team.276.__________ 77.__________ 78.__________ 79.__________ 80.__________ 81.__________ 82.__________ 83.__________ 84.__________85.__________84.86.___________ 87.___________

I sat in the front of the TV at 7 o’clock, when the game just88.___________ began.An hour later, my wife came in to join in me.She89.___________ seemed absent-minded while she was watching game.90.___________ As the time clock showed one minute, forty-two seconds leaving91.___________ in the game, she began cheering excited, “Come on---get going!” 92.___________ Since she has never been a football fan, I looked at her93.___________ with surprise and asked which team she was cheering for.94.___________ “Neither,” she replied, “I’m cheering the time clock on.”95.___________

86.were—was 87.among—between 88.去掉第一个the89.去掉第二个in90.game 前加the 91.leaving—left 92.excited—excitedly 93.has—had 94.with—in 95.正确

With the development of the society, the earth is86.___________ being damaged by people who are seeking comfortable87.___________ at all cost.The sky is no longer blue.The air is no88.___________ longer fresh.The rivers are no longer clean.Many animals and plants are disappearing the earth.89.___________ And the size of deserts are growing rapidly every90.___________ year.Our planet has been seriously polluted.91.___________ We all know what we have only one home.92.___________ If we continue pollute it, the earth will turn out to be93.___________ a planet which is fit for us to live on.To save the94.___________ earth means save ourselves.Let’s take action without95.___________ any delay.短文改错86.87.88.longer fresh.The rivers are no longer clean.Many animals and plants are disappearing ∧the earth.89.90.year.Our planet has been seriously polluted.91.92.93.94.earth mean ∧save ourselves.Let’s take action without95.any delay.7

Li Ming , who has been working as postman for76． two years , always wears a suit of green uniforms.77． He worked with care as well as with effort.He78． serves for the people heart and soul.Every day he79． gets up early to deliver newspapers or magazines.80． He is so careful and he has never been wrong.81．3

One day he had to send a dead letter and it happened82． to be raining hardly outside.But he set out immediately ,83． He had asked nearly everybody in the district after84． he tried to hand the letter to the right person.85．

76．postman→∧ a postman77．uniforms →uniform

78．worked→works79．for 删去

80．or →and81．and →that

82．√83．hardly→hard

84．after→before85．tried→managed

My husband 96-year-old grandmother came to live

with us for many years of independence.We did

all the thing we could to make her feel comfortable

in our home, including giving her the private line for

her bedroom.One evening we are having a party

while the phone rang.It was telephone operator,that asked, “Do you have a grandmother upstairs?”

“Yes,” my husband replied.“Well,” the

operator again continued, “She can't remember.your phone number, and she like a cup of tea.短文改错： 76.husband→husband’s77.for→after

79.the→a80.are→were

82.that→who83.√

85.she∧would

I am worker at the tap water company.I find that

people were becoming more and more careful about

health.If the tap water appear a little bit unclear

and muddy ,the telephone will ring again and again.Fortunately, people do not pay equal attention to the

protection of water resources.For the sake of our

health, we should take good care our water resources

and environment.There is a saying “whether we do

not careful protect our environment the last drops

of water we will see them will be our own tears.”

改错:

I am ∧worker at the tap water company.I find that

protection of water resources.For the sake of our

health ,we should take good care∧ our water resources

and environment.There is a saying “76.__________ 77._________ 78.__________ 79.__________ 80._________ 81._________ 82._________ 83.__________ 84._________85.__________78.thing→things81.while→when84.去掉again76.____________77._____________78.____________79.____________80.____________81.____________82.____________83.____________84.____________85.____________

tears.”

When we feel sad or happily, a good cry is almostimpossible to resist.But do you know why we cry?Experts have found that tear contain some chemicals like hormone.When one is feeling stressed, it set free,tears will come down.So crying is a way of getrid of the stress and you will often feel better before agood cry.Of course sex has nothing to do to crying.Women cry more often just because of they have moreof this hormone than men.But next time you feel likebursting into tears, go ahead.It won't good to your health.76．happily → happy。feel后用形容词作表语。

77．√

78．tear → tears。动词contain为复数形式，主语也应为复数形式。

79．it后加is。此处应用被动语态。

80．get → getting。of为介词，后面应接动名词作宾语。

81．before → after。哭后的感觉比哭前好。

82．to → with。

83．去掉of。从句不可用because of而应用because来引导。

84．But → So。分析语境逻辑可知，此处不表转折关系。

85．won't → will．

第二篇：短文改错题库

1、Mrs Brown was walking near a playground.She was a hurry to visit her four grandchildren.She missed them very much, because she had seen them for quite a long time.She was walking while suddenly she saw a ball coming in her direction.She was already in her seventy.Should she kick thc hall to send it back and should she just go past leaving the ball where it was? Finally with greatly care she gave it a kick.The hall went straight out the goal.How wonderful it was!And she happened to have helped won the match.And all her four grandchildren were on team of the winners.Key：

1.在第二个was后加in。in a hurry匆忙地。

2.正确。

3.在had后加not。根据上文She missed them...。

4.while改为when。when就在那时。

5.seventy改为seventies。in one’s seventies在某人七十几岁时。

6.and改为or。

7.greatly改为great。with great care小心地。

8.out改为into。表“球进了”。

9.won改为win。help后接不定式。help(to)do。

10.在team前加the。

2、Both my parents.was musicians.Neither of them played a musical instrument, and they both sang, and there was lots of music at home.There was old piano at school and I could keep my hands off it!Finally an old teacher in the school recognized that I want to learn, and she gave me some lessons.When I was nine, I played in the end-of-term concert at school.At the age of thirteen, my music teacher said to me, “There is nothing more which I can teach myself.From now on, you need a world class teacher and a top-class piano.” So I went to a school for music student.Then at the age of twenty two I went to the Paris to study the piano.Key：

1.was改为were。

2.and改为but。从上下文可知。

3.在old之前加an。plano为可数名词。

4.could改为couldn’t。根据句意。

5.want改为wanted。应用过去式。

6.which改为that。先行词为nothing，笑系代词用that。

7.把myself改为you。从上下文可知。

8.正确。

9.student改为蛊udents。

10.去掉Paris前的定冠词the。Paris为专有名词，前不加冠问。

3、Englishman and Americans do not shake hand as much as we do.Most people shake hands when he meet for first time and are introduced each other.On most occasions(场合)they only greet one another.At social functions(社会活动)it considered good manner to wait for the wonlall to extend her hand first.While shaking hands you look at the person instead of looking at elsewhere.Key:

1.Englishman改为Englishmen。

2.hand改为hands。

3.he改为they。

4.for改为for the。

5.each改为to eaeh。

6.正确。

7.it改为it is。

8.manner改为manners。

9.look前加should。

10.去掉at。

4、Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters in any other words, I am an only child.My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that 1 get a good education.They did not want me to do any work at family—they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.We may be one family and live under a same roof, but we do not seem to get much time to talk about together.It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.Do they really understand their own daughter? What things are in other homes, I wonder.Key;

1.正确。

2.去掉any。

3.在can后加to。

4.did改为do。

5.family改为Jhome。

6.subject改为subjects。

7.a改为the。

8.去掉about。

9.and改为or。

10.What改为How。

5、Now I can’t watch much television but a few years ago I was used to watch it every night.1 was often a little tired after a day’s work and watch TV demands very little effort.Unfortunate, there are too many people among my fanfily.Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another.I am happy with any Frogramme but the others spent a lot time arguing and there was no way of settling the matter except by selling the set.Now sotneone at home reads instead.Key;

1.去掉much。

2.去掉wasa。

3.watch改为watching。

4.unfortunate改为un-fortunately。

5.among改为in。

6.the改为one。

7.am改为was。

8.a lot后加of。

9.正确。

10.someone改为everyone / everybody。

6、Today I visited the Smiths—my first time visit to a American family.They live in a small town.It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.They offered me coffee and other drinks.We have a good time talking and laughing together.They were eager know everything about China and asked me lots of question.In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year.Key:

1.去掉time。

2.把第一个a改为an。

3.for改为of。It’s very kind of sb.to do...。

4.drove改为drive。并列的不定式。

5.his改为their。The Smiths,指Smith一家人。

6.正确。

7.have改为had过去时。

8.在eager后加to。be ea-ger to know...急于知道。

9.question改为questions。

10.去掉in。在next(last,this, that)year(month, week)前不用介词。

7、Welcome to our city.Now let me to introduce our city to you.Our city is a new modern city.It set up in the early 1980s.But it has been developed very rapidly.From here you can travel everywhere by the sea, by air or by land.Recently another freeway connects with Beijing started being used, The places around our city is rich in natural resources.And we have enough supply in electricity and energy resources.The public order is nice.The government will support investors with many ways.We wish more foreign friend to invest in our city.Key：

1.去掉me后的to。

2.在set up前加was。

3.developed改为developing。

4.去掉by后面的the。

5.connects改为eonnectcd。

6.is改为are。

7.in改为of。

8.正确。

9.with改为in

10.friend 改为 friends。

第三篇：高二英语短文改错专题复习高二英语短文改错专题复习

高二英语短文改错专题复习高二英语短文改错专题复习知识总结归纳：

短文改错的题是一篇意思连贯，但有九行文字中各有一个语法或用词错误的英语短文。它所涉及的知识面很广，能力要求较高。而且题中所设的错误常常是考生自己在写作中经常出的语法错误，是专门针对考生的弱点而设的。但它又从另一个角度考查了语法知识的运用。因此，做题时，应从以下几个方面着手解题：动词使用错误；名词使用错误；形容词，副词使用错误；连词使用错误；代词使用错误；冠词使用错误；介词使用错误，上下文逻辑错误等。

在研究每一行的句子时，首先把握句子的意思，然后划分句子的成分：主语；谓语部分；宾语；状语：地点，时间，方式等。如果句子是并列句或复合句，先分开各部分小的分句，根据各个分句之间的关系判断使用的连词是否正确。然后再研究各个分句的成分。

（一）名词使用错误：名词一般在句中做主语或宾语，名词的错误主要在于名词单，复数的错误使用。

1.They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question.： question是可数名词根据本句的意思，前面有lots of修饰，应当改为复数形式。2.We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics.：subject是可数名词根据本句的意思，前面有quite a few修饰，应当改为复数形式。

3.We practise three times every week and often watch football match on TV together.：根据本句的意思match在此应当改为复数形式。

4.Happy birthday, Peter, and many return of the day.：return在此是名词，应当改为复数形式：many returns of the day是祝贺人们生日的固定用语：祝你健康长寿。

5.He said that she and my schoolmate all wishes me success.：all 在句中提示了除我以外schoolmate应当是复数形式。

6.On the way up I was taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.：picture应当改成复数形式，因为作者一路上忙于照相，不止仅照一张像。另外还要注意名词所有格形式上的错误使用。

That kind of lie, a little, does two things: it keeps your friend feeling from being hurt….：根据句子意思：有时一个小小的谎言（善意的）可以使你的朋友的感情免遭伤害friend应当改为friend’s

（二）动词使用的错误：

<一> 作为谓语动词，注意谓语动词在时态，语态，与主语是否一致以及用词方面的问题。1.My favourite sport is football.I was a member of our school team.：全句的基本时态应当是现在时，was应改为am 2.Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.：主谓一致的错误。Give的主语是Playing football，动名词作主语是单数形式，应改为：gives 3.I use to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time, but now I am interested in football.：前半句是说过去的事情used to do ：过去常常做某事。use改为：used 4.…the scenery was so beautiful.The time passes quickly.Evening came down.：时态错误。全句是过去时态，passes 改为passed 5.As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.：动词形式的错误。句中有三个连续的动作做谓语。因此visit不是伴随状语，是第二个谓语动词，应该为visited.6.The Internet is a computer network that use the telephone system to link millions of computers around the world.：句中定语从句中的谓语动词use 的主语是先行词a computer network，是单数形式，所以按主谓一致的原则use改为：uses.<二> 作为非谓语动词，现在分词，过去分词，动名词，不定式形式的使用错误，同时注意非谓语动词在平行结构中出现的错误。

1.Not far from the hotel, there was a shop with all kinds of clothes hang up.：hang up在此做定语修饰先行词clothes，应改为现在分词形式表示挂着各种衣服。

2.He had worked on farms and in shops where he spent his spare time studied by himself.：定语从句是说：他把业余时间花在学习上，按句型结构：spend some time doing something.所以studied应改为：studying.<三> 形容词，副词使用错误：

注意：① 形容词和副词的比较级，原级，最高级使用方面的问题。② 修饰比较级的副词的错误使用。③ 以ing和以ed结尾的形容词的混用。④ 形容词和副词的混用。

1.I never knew a ride down a river could be so much exciting：much修饰比较级形式，在此没有比较级的意义，所以去掉much.2.I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.：形容词与副词混用。Have a wonderful time：过得非常愉快。wonderfully 改为：wonderful 3.…his mother was very poor that she had to send him to a rich family who had no child.：本句含有so…that 句型。very改为：so 4.People will work few hours than they do now.：这是一个含比较级的句子。（句中有than），few 改为比较级形式fewer 5.Computers will be more smaller and useful….：比较级smaller前面的修饰词应该是副词much。More与多音节形容词或副词原形构成比较级。more改为much 6.Last week, I went to a movie, which was very moved.形容词moved指人受到感动。本句的定语从句的主语是movie。应当是moving.<四> 连词使用错误：并列句连词and与but的误用是历年高考题中常考的内容。复合句如宾语从句，状语从句，定语从句中主，从句的连接词的误用根据主从句的关系可以发现。1.My class will be over by then or I will pick you up there.：前后两句的关系是并列关系or应改为：and 2.My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes.前后两句是并列关系不具有转折意义。but改为：and 3.It deosn’t matter that I would win or not.Matter后面的从句是whether…or not结构。That改为：whether 4.An Eskimo boy becomes a man since he kills his first polar bear.：根据句子意思：在Eskimo男孩杀死他的第一只北极熊之后，才真正成为一名男子汉。Since改为：after 5.The fine-furniture store ∧I work has been in business since the 1920s.：I work是定语从句修饰先行词The fine-furniture store，The fine-furniture store在从句中做地点状语，应加关系副词where.解题思路：

首先要理解整个短文的含义，逻辑关系，篇章结构。再仔细研究每一句的意义。借助划分句子成分的方法判断每一部分是否有错误。读句子时一定以整句为单位。【典型例题】

A（2004全国卷I）Dear Ralph I’m a newcomer here of a small town.I would 1.from describe myself as shy and quietly.Before my classmates, 2.quiet it seems always difficult for me to do things∧ well as 3.as them.I’m sure they will laugh to me and see me as 4.at a fool.So I feel unhappy every day.5.√

Besides, I have few friends, I don’t know that they 6.why

don’t like to talk with me.Sometimes, we talked to each other 7.talk very well in class, but after class we become stranger at 8.strangers once.I am trying to improve the situation since it dosen’t 9.but seem to work.Can you tell me about what I should do? 10.about去掉 分析：

1.来自一个小镇的新生。强调“来自于”用介词：from 2.describe oneself as +形容词，所以quietly改为quiet 3.缺少连词，这是同级比较结构as…as，加上as 4.介词错误：词组laugh at somebody：嘲笑某人。

6.宾语从句连词的错误，that 本身没有意义可以省略，本句是说：我不知道他们为什么不喜欢我。

7.时态错误，全篇用的是现在时。

8.名词单复数的错误，主语是we，宾语与主语呼应，应该是复数形式。9.这是一个并列句，前后为转折关系。10.根据句子意思，about多余。

B全国卷III2004 You can find all kinds ∧information in just 1.of a few minute on the Internet.It’s like going to a 2.minutes huge library without have to walk around to find 3.having your books.Recently even though, many people 4.去掉even have been discussing the dangers of the Internet.5.√ They have been reports in America about people 6.There trying to steal person information for bad purposes.7.personal Finding information on the Net is easily.But not all 8.easy information are good to society.For example, you 9.is can find such information like how to kill people.10.as The problem will become more serious in the future.分析：

1.all kinds of是固定词组，of 不能缺少.2.a few 后面的名词是复数形式。minute是可数名词 3.without是介词，后面跟动词ing形式。

4.even though：即使，此处表示“虽然”。应去掉even 6.此处表示：在美国有报道说…..应当用表示“有…”的句型：there be… 7.此处表示“个人的信息”，需要用形容词做定语。personal：个人的。8.is后面是形容词形式。

9.information是不可数名词。后面的谓语动词用单数形式。10.such…as是固定句型。【模拟试题】（答题时间：45分钟）A You can find all kinds information in just 1._____ a few minute on the Internet.It’s like going to a 2._____ huge library without have to walk around to find 3._____ your books.Recently even though, many people 4._____ have been discussing the dangers of the Internet 5._____ They have been reports in America about people 6._______ trying to steal person information for bad purposes.7._______ Finding information on the Net is easily.But not all 8.________ information are good to society.For example, you 9.________ can find such information like how to kill people.10.________ The problem will become more serious in the future.B This is a story told by my father: “When I was boy, 1._________

The most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring 2._________ Festival.My grandma was the best cooker in the world 3._________ but could make the most delicious dishes.One time, I just 4._________ couldn’t wait for the Spring Festival dinner.As I was 5._________ about take a picture from a cooked duck, I saw Grandma in 6._________ the kitchen looking at me.Shake her hand, she said, ‘It 7._________ isn’t a good time to do that, dear.’ At once I apologize 8._________ and controlled me at my best till the dinner started.You 9._________ know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.” 10.________

参考答案 A 1.在kinds后面加of ：all kinds of 是固定短语。这里缺少了介词of 2.名词“数”的错误, minute是可数名词，有a few修饰，应改为：minutes 3.have改为：having：without是介词，后面的动词应该是动名词形式。4.去掉even：even though：即使。此处表示：虽然。5.此行正确。

6.They改为：There：本句表示：有一份报告。用there be 句型。7.person改为：personal：此处指个人的信息，应该用形容词形式。8.easily改为easy：be后面接形容词。

9.are改为is：主语information是不可数名词。

10.like改为as：such…as为固定句型，表示：象……这样的……。B 分析：

1.boy是可数名词，第一次提到，前面必须加a 2.本句是说：欢渡春节。When在此多余.3.用词不当，cooker：炊具。Cook：厨师。4.前后两个分句是并列关系。

6.be about to do something 是固定句型。7.Shake her hand在本句中做伴随状语。应该用ing形式。8.全句都在叙述过去的事，用过去时。

9.本句是说：控制自己。宾语应改为反身代词。10.several后的名词应是复数形式。

第四篇：2017年高考英语短文改错[定稿]

2017年高考英语短文改错最全套路

一、短文改错万能公式

1.谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有：

①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;

②and前后动词时态不一致;

③主谓不一致;

④缺少动词,特别是be动词;

⑤第三人称单数形式错用;

⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。

2.名词的常见错误：

单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。

3.连词错误：

连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/or/but等。

关于连词，一般考查从句关系：who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。

4.冠词错误：

误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);

误用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词)

5.形容词和副词错误：

系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);

词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。

6.代词错误：

代词的主格和宾格(I/me;he/him;she/her;we/us they/them)错误;

反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;

代词的单数和复数使用错误;

代词指代错误;

多代词或少代词。

7.非谓语动词的常见错误：

不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;

and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时);

介词后用动名词形式作宾语;

某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。

8.介词错误：

词组中的介词误用;

介词意思理解偏差;

介词的多用或少用

二、短文改错解答口诀

动词形，名词数;

注意形和副;

非谓动词细辨别;

习惯用法要记住;

句子成分多分析;

逻辑错误须关注。

1、动词形

主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。

例如：My favourite sport is football.I was member of our school football team.Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library.(are)

上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。

2、名词数

指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。

例如：„so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.(subjects)

3、区分形和副

即区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如：I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.(wonderful)Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.(Unfortunately)

需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time，第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。

4、非谓动词细辨别

这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误，也包括不定式类错误。

例如：

„in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football.(interested)

Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also „(playing)

My parents love me„ and will do all they can ∧ make sure„(to)

上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的，现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的含义。

5、习惯用法要记住

主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。

例如：It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and„(of)We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves.(of)

6、句子成分多分析

不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。

例如：They∧eager to know everything about China and„(were)I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.(which)

第一例漏掉了谓语动词were，这是受寒于习惯的影响而导致的错误;第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副词，不能作主语。

7、逻辑错误须关注

与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。

例如：The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(their)First, let me tell you something more about myself.(去掉more)

„no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead.(everyone)上述第一例中的主语是Smiths(史密斯夫妇俩)，因此后面的his不合逻辑。第二例中的more在这儿表“再”的意思，才开始告诉别人，怎么能说“再告诉你一些事”?第三例讲的是为了解决看电视时的争端，“我们”把电视机卖了;晚上没电视看了，所以与从前一样，大家又都读书了，所以该用everyone。

除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：连词but, and, or和so的用法错误(可以归类为逻辑错误)，以及冠词的用法错误等。

例如：

She was smiling but nodding at me.(and)

It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.(or)

We may be one family and live under a same roof.(the)

三、短文改错参考原则 1.改动以最少为原则;2.虚词以添加或删除为原则;3.实词以改变词形为原则;4.以保持句子原意为原则;

5.核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方，可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例：即多一词1个，缺词1个，错词8个;

6.核对改正的语法项目是否有重复，因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象;

7.核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号，忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。

第五篇：高考英语短文改错论文

高考英语短文改错解题策略

摘要：短文改错是高考试题中一个重要题型。它不仅考查学生在语法、词汇、修辞等方面的语言知识和能力，而且还考查学生对信息的认知与获取能力，更重要的是考查学生能够判断、鉴别正误的能力。这一题型对很多考生来说是有相当难度的，因为改错中的错误一般都是他们平时较容易犯的错误，即他们的软肋，所以在做这类题目的时候，常常感到无从下手，或者惊慌失措，结果胡乱改改就草草了事，结果连难度系数并不高的题目也做不出来，知道答案后又后悔不已，但为时已晚。所以考生应该以正确的态度来面对此题。本文就高考英语试题中的短文改错的特点，提出解题策略。1.高考英语短文改错的特点

英语短文改错是现代语言测试试题中一个重要的类型。它一般是选择一段或者几段文字正确、语言地道、题材得当的语言材料为母本，按照一个适当的字数大体给这篇语言材料分行，在现代语言测试学科学命题理论指导下，对其中的某些文字进行有目的地添加、删减或错误改动，使这段文字的某些行出现错词、多词或缺词的一种情况，让学生对测试行的文字进行判断或改动，以恢复原文正确地道得体的本来面貌，以此来对学生的语言水平进行科学的测定。

短文改错属于综合考点单技能间接试题特点，就是把各类考点综合起来放在一定篇幅中进行考察，对学生的语言能力和语篇的能力都有所要求，但更侧重于考察学生对语言篇章结构的整体理解和把握的能力，因而属于档次较高的题型，能比较准确地反映学生的实际语言水平，也较容易区分学生的层次差异。此题型还在辩错、改错中考察到学生部分产生性的运用能力，因而这种题型成为目前测试准确性最有效的题型之一。

2.提高高考短文改错能力的方法及策略 2.1灵活运用语法知识

众所周知，英语语言能力包括众多因素，其中之一是语法知识。语法知识是构成语言能力的基础。没有系统的语法知识，学习者就很难全面、准确地以口头或书面的形式表达思维或意念。短文改错项目侧重于测试学生的运用语法知识的能力，即怎样运用规范的语言知识解决具体问题的能力。对于学生来说，在平时要彻底地了解已学过的语法知识和概念，要学会“举一反三”，提高语言的准确性、逻辑性。2.2扩大词汇量、掌握词语固定搭配

词汇与搭配是高考英语短文改错项目的另一测试点，其测试面含盖各类词性的词，同时侧重考核他们的搭配与用法。短文改错对词汇的考核有些是语意的，有些是结构上的。词汇的积累不是一朝一夕即可完成，它需要在平时的学习过程中逐步积累，积少成多；了解词的不同搭配在不同语境中的用法，同义词之间的不同用法，学会根据上下文来判断单词与短语的含义，上下文内容的连贯以及逻辑关系的顺畅等。因此，对于学生来说，平时自己在学习中要注意扩大、巩固已有的词汇量;同时，在学习、掌握词汇的过程中，特别要注意提高自己灵活运用词汇的能力。2.3运用语篇知识 短文改错主要是考察对短文宏观上的把握与微观上的语言基本功。除了考查语法与词汇，也考查对语言整体内容的理解和运用。此题之所以采用短文改错的形式，就是强调对语言知识（语法与词汇）在具体语境或上下文中使用的能力。因此在历年的考题中，很大一部分并不只是限于孤立的词组或语法，而是要求考生从篇章的角度，从上下文，从句子与句子之间，从语段与语段之间的逻辑关系与语意关系去判断正误。

要做到从篇章的角度把握全局，首先要学会利用首段或段首句最大限度的获取信息。文章的开头往往开宗明义，点明主题。因此利用段首句提供的信息挖掘文章的思路，寻找文章的脉络和线索。其次理清文章结构，找出前后的逻辑关系及衔接连词等。最后联系上下文，寻找相关线索，确定有无语义上的错误。在历年的考试中，学生对这类错误的判断准确率相对较低。因此，学生平时要加强对篇章的理解能力的训练，了解、熟悉篇章结构的特点：语段内句子之间的关系、语段之间的关系；它们的类别；各种不同关系的表示法等等。只有在此基础上，学生才能灵活正确地使用语言知识，做到准确答题。2.4运用文化背景知识

做短文改错题时，有时文章中提供的信息还不够，这就要求学生把储存在大脑里的一般知识信息结合起来考虑，找出错误并加以改正。根据Widdowson(1983)提到的理解全过程，“理解实质上是背景知识、语境和语言知识本身综合作用的产物，缺少任何一部分，理解将是失败或不完整的。” 2.5采用正确的解题技巧

2.5.1头脑冷静，通读全文掌握中心意思

短文改错题是一个较综合和较有难度的题型，但不是无法攻克，所以做这类题时首先要保持冷静，运用自己所储备的相关知识，理性分析。接下来不要拿起来就改，首先应该对文章有个整体了解，可以先迅速通读全文，在正确理解或大致正确理解甚至猜想原文的前提下，使我们对全文在宏观上有一个初步的把握，这对判断整体的时态、语态都很重要。因为短文是个整体，只了解孤立的词句是不够的，需要从篇章的角度对句子、段落进行深层次。透彻的理解，掌握上下文的语境，把局部含义与主旨大意结合起来判断，就能提高准确性。2.5.2分句阅读，利用语法等知识逐行找错

做完上述工作后，就要进入逐行改错阶段。仔细分析每一个句子，而不是每一行。语言是以句子而不是以行为完整的意义单位的，所以解题时，要上下兼顾，切不可顾此失彼。在整句理解的基础上，逐行进行语法和行文逻辑错误分析。既要看清词或句子，更要理清整体的逻辑关系。综合运用所学语言知识，根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题。如果碰到哪一行的错误没找出来，可暂时不做，接着做下一行，全部做完后，再回头做，可能就会容易些。而且有时后面的文章会给出有用的信息。特别要注意两方面：一是不能改变文中句子本身的意义，还要注意错误是否出现在行首或尾，因为这两处的错误往往不易被察觉。

2.5.3最后通读，验证答案 改后复读有助于查漏补缺，纠正失误，减少差错。通过复读，看看全文是否通畅，行文逻辑是否合理，文章结构或句式结构是否完整，尤其要对初改时感觉不顺利的地方多加以推敲。还要检查是否按照考试要求使用所规定的符号删除、增添或修改，避免非水平性失分。3.结语

综上所述，英语短文改错是对语言知识全面的考查。对词汇，语法与篇章理解能力都有较高的要求，建议考生在学习时不能一知半解，似是而非，对于知识的掌握必须扎实准确。而且还要多进行改错练习。可以通过看其他同学的习作，欣赏的同时也有意识地把该习作进行一下“改错”，还可多进行单句改错练习，但每次练习都要遵照正确的方法和步骤，逐渐体会和把握这一题型的规律，久而久之就能容易地发现和改正语病。除此之外，还要加强阅读方面的训练。阅读是理解的先决条件，理解是判断正误的依据，而判断又是改错的先决条件。因此要准确找出文章中的错误，必须首先着眼阅读，加强阅读。

高考英语短文改错解题策略

五大连池风景区高级中学

佟玲