阅读理解练与析

第一篇：阅读理解练与析

阅读理解练与析

Cars in the United States

Cars are an important part of American life.Most Americans feel that they are poor without cars.Though they are poor，they do not feel really poor if they have cars.Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars.Maybe，he didn’t know how much the cars were going to affect(影响)his country，but the cars made America a country on wheels(轮子).And they have helped to make the United States a rich and modern country.Cars have become popular in the United States today.The country is a very large one.The Americans like to move around in cars.It is the easiest and cheapest to travel in cars.With cars people can go to any place without spending a lot of money.1.In the United States_______.A.most people are too poor to buy cars

B.poor people wouldn’t like to buy cars

C.all the poor people have cars

D.people think they are not rich if they don’t have cars

2.What was Henry Ford?

A.He was a car maker.B.He was a car driver.C.He was a car seller.D.He was a traveler in a car.3.According to(根据)the writer，cars in the United States_______.A.are the nicest

B.run fastest

C.make the country richer

D.make the country beautiful

4.The Americans like to move in cars because_______.A.there are no trains there

B.cars can take them to any place they want to go

C.it doesn’t cost them much money to travel in cars

D.both B and C

5.Which is the best title(标题)?

A.A Country on Wheels B.A Rich and Modern Country

C.Making Cars D.Traveling in Cars

[答案与简析]

1.D。从Most Americans feel that they are poor without cars我们可知，大多数美国人如果没有汽车，会觉得自己很寒酸。

2.A。由Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars我们可知，Henry Ford是率先制造汽车的人。

3.C。从And they have helped to make the United States a rich and modern country我们可知，汽车让美国变得更加富裕。

4.D。由The Americans like to move around in cars.It is the easiest and cheapest to travel in cars和With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money我们可知，B和C两项都是美国人喜欢坐车出行的原因。

5.A。短文主要介绍了汽车在美国的作用，此文的中心句是The cars made America a1

country on wheels，故我们可以确定A是最佳标题。

Memory

A good memory is a great help in learning a language.Everybody learns his own language by remembering what he hears when he is a small child，and some children——like boys and girls who live abroad with their parents——seem to learn two languages almost as easily as they learn one.In school it is not easy to learn a second language because the pupils have little time for it，and they are busy with other subjects，too.Our mind is rather like a camera，but it takes photos not only of what we see but also of what we feel，hear，smell and taste.When we take a real photo with a camera，there is much to do before the photo is finished and ready to show to our friends.In the same way there is much work to be done before we can keep a picture forever(永远)in our mind.Memory is the diary that we all carry about with us.1.Children usually begin to learn their own language by_______ it.A.speaking B.hearing C.saying D.teaching

2.If you have a good_______，you’ll have less difficulty in learning something.A.teacher B.camera C.memory D.family

3.The children who live abroad with their parents can learn two languages more easily because_______.A.they are very clever

B.they have good teachers

C.they have more chances to use these languages

D.they have a better life

4._______ can take photos of what can be seen，felt，heard，smelt and tasted.A.A camera B.Memory

C.A diary D.A man’s mind

5.Memory is_______ that we keep in our mind and carry about.A.the best diary B.the best camera

C.a great help D.a beautiful picture

[答案与简析]

1.B。由Everybody learns his own language by remembering what he hears when he is a small child...我们可知，小孩的语言是通过听觉获得的。

2.C。从A good memory is a great help in learning a language我们可知，谁记忆力好，学习语言时困难就会少一些。

3.C。由In school it is not easy to learn a second language because the pupils have little time for it，and they are busy with other subjects，too我们可知，和父母一起住在国外的孩子更容易学会两种语言。

4.D。从Our mind is rather like a camera，but it takes photos not only of what we see but also of what we feel，hear，smell and taste可知，人的头脑比照相机拍出来的照片内容要丰富得多。

5.A。从Memory is the diary that we all carry about with us我们可知，正确答案为A。

London

Everyone knows London is an important city in England.London was once the biggest city in the world，but now many cities are much bigger than it.London has a population of about 7，000，000 now.it is an old city famous for many things.Many tourists come from all over the world to visit its famous buildings and hear the famous clock，Big Ben.Like many big cities，London has problems with traffic and pollution.Over one million people use the London underground every day，but there are still too many cars in the streets.The air isn’t clean，but it is cleaner than it was 100 years ago.Perhaps the best things about London are the parks.There are five parks in the centre of the city.But for the children，their favorite place is Hamleys，the biggest toy shop in the world.They can buy good toys there.1.The population of London now is_______.A.seven hundred thousand B.seventy thousand hundred

C.seven million D.seventeen million

2.In the world_______ are bigger than London now.A.only two cities B.few cities

C.many cities D.no cities

3.What’s the Big Ben in London?

A.It’s a clock.B.It’s the best park.C.It’s a toy shop.D.It’s a busy underground.4.The air in London one hundred years ago_______.A.was much cleaner B.was the cleanest

C.was very dirty D.was dirtier than it is now

5.Which of the following statements is not correct?

A.More than 1，000，000 people use the London underground every day.B.In London there are few foreign visitors coming from all over the world.C.There are some nice parks in London.D.The problems in London are pollution and traffic.答案与简析：

1.C。数词7，000，000的英语译文是seven million。

2.C。从短文第一段我们可知，现在伦敦已不再是世界上最大的城市了。

3.A。由...and hear the famous clock，Big Ben.我们知道，Big Ben指的就是钟。

4.D。根据The air isn’t clean，but it is cleaner than it was 100 years ago我们知道，现在的空气比一百年前的空气更清新，也就是说，一百年前伦敦的空气比现在的空气更污浊。

5.B。由Many tourists come from all over the world to visit its famous buildings and hear the famous clock，Big Ben我们可知，B项与短文的内容不符。

A Letter Of Invitation

Friday，March 22

Dear Michael and Lisa，You’re invited to a farewell for the “LIU FAMILY’S VISIT TO AUSTRALLA”.Departure(离开)date：May 4

The best part of our big adventure to Australia will be when we come face-to-face with crocodiles，dolphins，kangaroos and other Australian wildlife.We have always wanted to do this.Party given by：Mr and Mrs Liu，Liu Mei and Liu Tang

Date：Saturday，April 6，2009

Time：7：00 p.m.till 12：30 a.m.Place：Electrical Workers Building

Reply(答复)by：Tuesday，April 2

Phone：538-090

Food and drink will be provided(提供)at the party.Perth

P.S.This party is not to be missed!We hope to see you there!

1.This invitation was sent to_______.A.Liu Mei B.Liu Tang

C.Mr and Mrs Liu D.Michael and Lisa

2.By what date is it necessary to reply to the invitation?

A.March 22.B.April 2.C.May 4.D.April 6.3.What do the Liu family wish to see most of all on their trip to Australia?

A.Countryside.B.Animals.C.People.D.Cities.4.The expression(短语)“come face-to-face with” probably means “_______”.A.see B.learn about

C.travel with D.stand beside

5.From the invitation we know that_______.A.only Mr and Mrs Liu will travel to Australia

B.the Liu family will not return from Australia

C.the Liu family have been to Australia before

D.the Liu family love wild animals very much

答案与简析：

1.D。从开头的Dear Michael and Lisa我们知道这封邀请信是写给Michaelt Lisa的。

2.B。根据请柬中的Reply by：Tuesday，April 2，我们可知Perth要他们答复的时间是4月2日。

3.B。由The best part of our big adventure to Australia will be when we come face-to-face with crocodiles，dolphins，kangaroos and other Australian wildlife我们可知，刘先生一家真心希望近距离看看澳大利亚的野生动物。

4.A。从短文内容我们可以看出，与come face-to-face with意思最近的就是see。

5.D。从We have always wanted to do this我们知道，刘先家很爱野生动物。

第二篇：形容词排列顺序题练与析[模版]

b形容词排列顺序题练与析

在英语中，当名词由多个形容词修饰时，就有它们的先后排列顺序。下面的口诀可帮你记住这一先后排列顺序，也是解题的关键。

①限定词—②程度状语—③描述性—④大小(长短、高低)—⑤形状—⑥年龄—⑦新旧—⑧颜色—⑨国籍(出处、地区)—⑩物质、材料—⑾类别、用途 + 中心词

即：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老；颜色国籍跟材料；作用类别往后靠。其中“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词或数词。“描绘性”形容词如beautiful, bad, cold 等。“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。表示“形状”的词如round, square 等。“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。“材料”的词如wooden, woolen, stone, silk 等。“类别”的词如medical college, writing desk, police car 等。

⒈1.I like____ Benz（奔驰)car.A.beautiful little old black his B.black his little old beautiful C.his beautiful black little D.his beautiful little black 2.Last Sunday, he picked up a ____ umbrella.A.black heavy steel Chinese

B.black steel heavy Chinese.C.heavy

black steel Chinese

D.heavy black Chinese steel ⒊They bought their daughter ____handbags as her birthday present.A.two Shanghai leather small black B.two leather small black Shanghai C.two small black Shanghai leather D.two black small Shanghai leather ⒋The old lady goes to the ____church every Sunday.A.pleasing old English

B.old pleasing English C.Enghlish old pleasing D.pleasing English old

⒌The young woman had some ____flowers in her garden.A.little yellow beautiful

B.beautiful yellow little C.yellow little beautiful

D.beautiful little yellow ⒍--Which of those girls is Jack's sister?--The one who is wearing_____skirt.A.a pretty white silk

B.a white silk pretty C.a silk pretty white

D.a pretty silk white ⒎This town has____bridge.A.a stone old fine

B.an old stone fine C.an old fine stone

D.a fine old stone ⒏Helen is reading_____story.A.an old dective exciting

B.an exciting old detective C.an old exciting detective D.an exciting detective old ⒐At the party, he met a ____girl.A.pretty little Swedish

B.little pretty Swedish C.Swedish little pretty

D.Swedish pretty little ⒑____table stood on____hall carpet(地毯)A.Asmall old round beautiful, the green woolen Chinese.B.Small beautiful old round a, Chinese green woolen the C.A beautiful round small old, the woolen Chinese green D.A beautiful small old round, the green Chinese woolen ⒒I hear Johnson has bought an ____car.Let's go and have a look.A.Japanese expensive sports B.expensive Japanese sports C.Japanese sports expensive expenmve sports Japanese 12.As you know, Alick is ____ in our school.A.a very pretty little English girl

B.an English very pretty little girl C.a little English very pretty girl

D.D.a very pretty English little girl 13.He suddenly found __ watch on the ground.A.a gold small nice

B.a nice gold small C.a race small gold

D.a small nice gold 14.Look!Over there in the middle of the square stands a ______

pole.A.red stone fffly-fout-high

B.fifly-fout-high red stone C.stone ted fifty-foot-high

D.fifty-fout-high stone red 解析：在英语中，当名词由多个形容词修饰时，就有它们的先后排列顺序。下面的口诀可帮你记住这一先后排列顺序，也是解题的关键。

①限定词—②程度状语—③描述性—④大小(长短、高低)—⑤形状—⑥年龄—⑦新旧—⑧颜色—⑨国籍(出处、地区)—⑩物质、材料—⑾类别、用途 + 中心词

即：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老；颜色国籍跟材料；作用类别往后靠。其中“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词或数词。“描绘性”形容词如beautiful, bad, cold 等。“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。表示“形状”的词如round, square 等。“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。“材料”的词如wooden, woolen, stone, silk 等。“类别”的词如medical college, writing desk, police car 等。Key : 1—5 DDCAD

6—10 ADBAD

11—14 BACB

多个形容词修饰名词顺序

2008-11-17 17:8 【大 中 小】【我要纠错】

可以这样巧记：

县官行令赦国材（县官行使自己的使命赦免了一些国家的栋梁之材）

什么意思呢？

县——限定词；官——代表自己观点的形容词；行——形状；令——年龄，新旧；赦——颜色；国——国籍，地方；材——材料。

多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：

限定词——数词——描绘词——（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）——出处——材料性质，类别——名词

a small round table

a tall gray building

a dirty old brown shirt

a famous German medical school

an expensive Japanese sports car

典型例题：

1）Tony is going camping with ___ boys.A.little two other B.two little other

C.two other little

D.little other two

答案：C.由“限定词——数词——描绘词——（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）——性质——名词”的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案。

2）One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.A.old Chinese stone

B.Chinese old stone

C.old stone Chinese

D.Chinese stone old

答案A.几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是：年龄，形状，大小 颜色 来源 质地 用途 国家 名词。

3）—— How was your recent visit to Qingdao？

----It was great.We visited some friends，and spent the ___days at the seaside.A.few last sunny

B.last few sunny

C.last sunny few

D.few sunny last

答案：B.本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的重要性差不多，音节少的形容词在前，音节多的方在后，在不能确定时，可参照下表：

限定词 数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）性状形容词 大小、长短、高低等形体

those three beautiful large square

新旧 颜色 国籍 材料 名词

old brown wood table

巧记形容词排列顺序

在英语中，当名词有多个形容词修饰时，就有它们的先后顺序。下面的口诀可帮你记住这一先后顺序，也是解题的关键。

限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老；

颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠；

其中，“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词，它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定词有all、half、both、分数和倍数；中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如:both my hands、all half his income等。“描绘”性形容词如：beautiful、bad、cold、great等。“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。表示“形状”的词如：round square等。“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。“材料”的词如：wooden, woolen, stone,silk等。“作用类别”的词如：medical, college，writing desk，police car等。

形容词顺序口诀

上 传 者： fenfen83 上传时间： 2010-02-08 09:48:13 浏览次数： 174

5次 所需智币：0

5.不同国家人变复数的口诀：中日不变英法变，其他s 加后面

点拨：高考大纲词汇中包括了Chinese Japanese German等简单词，对这些词的考查大多涉及它们的复数。口诀中涉及到特殊的Chinese Japanese单复数同形。Frenchman—Frenchmen； Englishman—Englishmen其余都在后面直接加s。6.常见的以f 结尾的词变复数时变f为ves的名词的口诀：贼的妻子亲自用树叶和半把刀杀死了架子上的狼

点拨：口诀中涉及8个词：thief wife self leaf half knife shelf wolf

常见的f 结尾的词变复数时直接加s的名词的口诀：是信念使首领跳上屋顶找证据。

点拨：口诀中涉及4个词 belief chief roof proof（beliefs chiefs proofs roofs）7.★ John Smith, a successful businessman, has a __________car.A．large German white B．large white German

C．white large German D．German large white

★ This _______ girl is Lind’s cousin.A.pretty little Spanish

B.Spanish little pretty C.Spanish pretty little

A.old Chinese stone

★ This ____ girl is Linda’s cousin.A.pretty little Spanish

B.Spanish little pretty C.Spanish pretty little

D.little pretty Spanish

形容词顺序口诀：县（限）官（冠）叔（数）叔（数）美 小 圆 旧 黄 法国 木 书房

点拨：县官叔叔有一个美的小的圆的旧的黄的法国的木质的书房。

（a beautiful small round old yellow French wood study）

D.little pretty Spanish B.Chinese old stone

★ One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.C.old stone Chinese

D.Chinese stone old

县

代表限定词，包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词，所有格，数字等。

官

代表冠词a an等。

叔

代表序数词 first second third„ 叔

代表基数词 one tow three„

美

代表表示观点的描绘性的形容词：fine ,beautiful, good, bad, easy ,difficult, clean, dirty, kind, nice,...等（注意：如果这类形容词同时出现两个，就按短前长后的原则，如： a clean beautiful school）小

代表表示大小的形容词 圆

代表描绘形状的形容词 旧

代表描绘新旧的形容词 黄

代表描绘颜色的形容词

法国 代表国籍、地区、出处的形容词：English；American；mountain等 木

代表形成中心名词的材料的形容词：wooden, silk, plastic, stone等 书房 代表被修饰的中心名词

如： 他买了三件昂贵的俄国产的棕色皮大衣：He bought three expensive brown Russian fur coats.一只美丽的中国白孔雀：

a beautiful white Chinese peacock.一座漂亮的旧石桥：

a fine old stone bridge;他的那辆新的黑色的外国小汽车：his large new black foreign car.多个形容词修饰名词的顺序

多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词--数词--描绘词--（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）--出处--材料性质--类别--名词。例如：

a small round table/ a tall gray building/ a dirty old brown shirt/ a famous German medical school/ an expensive Japanese sports car 典型例题:

1）Tony is going camping with ___ boys.A.little two other B.two little other

C.two other little

D.little other two

答案：C。由“限定词--数词--描绘词--（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）--性质--名词”的顺序可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案。

2）One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.A.old Chinese stone B.Chinese old stone C.old stone Chinese D.Chinese stone old

答案A.几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是：年龄，形状，大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。

3）----How was your recent visit to Qingdao?

----It was great.We visited some friends，and spent the ___days at the seaside.（高考题）

A.few last sunny

B.last few sunny

C.last sunny few

D.few sunny last

答案：B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的重要性差不多，音节少的形容词在前，音节多的方在后，在不能确定时，可参照：限定词+数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词，如those + three + beautiful + large + square +old + brown + wood + table。

另给你送条顺口溜以便好记忆：县（限定词）官（观点形容词）行（形状形容词）大（大小形容词）令（年龄新旧形容词）射（颜色形容词）国（国家等出处形容词）才（材料质地等形容词）。

(四)多层状语

如果一个中心语前面有好几个状语(多层状语),那就应当注意它们的语序.多层状语的状语个数一般比多层定语的定语个数要少些,其语序也比多层定语的语序要灵活一些.多层状语的一般语序: 1.表时间的名词或方位短语,介词短语;2.副词.3.表处所的介词短语或名词,方位短语;4.表情态的形容词或谓词短语;5.表对象的介词短语.其中副词的位置较为灵活,也可放置在第三项之后.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语的区别如下： 1.【to do】

放在句首，表示目的。

To achieve my dreams, I will try my best.为了实现我的梦想，我将竭尽全力。

不定式做后置定语，表示将要做（还没有做）I have something(to do this evening).（今天晚上）我有些事情要做。（我还没有做）

2.【do】

1）构成一般疑问句，例如：

Do you want to pass the CET? 你想通过大学英语测试吗？

Did you study German? 你们学过德语吗？

2）do + not 构成否定句，例如：

I do not want to be criticized.我不想挨批评。

He doesn't like to study.他不想学习。

In the past, many students did not know the importance of English.多学生不知道英语的重要性。

3)构成否定祈使句，例如：

Don't go there.不要去那里。

Don't be so absent-minded.不要这么心不在焉。说明： 构成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。

4）放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气，例如：

Do come to my birthday party.一定来参加我的生日宴会。

I did go there.我确实去那儿了。

I do miss you.我确实想你。

过去，好

5）用于倒装句，例如：

Never did I hear of such a thing.我从未听说过这样的事情。

Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English.只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。

说明： 引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。

6）用作代动词，例如：

----Do you like Beijing?--你喜欢北京吗？

----Yes, I do.--是的，喜欢。（do用作代动词，代替like Beijing.）

He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he? 他知道如何开车，对吧？

3.【doing】 表主动。

Eating too much is bad for your health.吃得太多有害于你的健康。

做定语时,位置不定，如果是一个现在分词，前置，如果是短语后置。The(flying)kites are high in the sky.The boy(sitting by the window)is Tom.4.【done】 表被动。

Faced with such a difficult problem, he didn't know what to do.(=Facing such a difficult problow, he didn't know what to do.)这个你可以去看看我的提问：

http://iask.sina.com.cn/b/13496190.html

作定语和现在分词相同，如果是一个过去分词，前置，如果是短语后置。The(damaged)bike was sent to the repairman.The boy(named Tom)was hurt in the car accident.以上回答只是最基本的用法，不定式和现在分词的时态和语态还有变化，不再展开，希望对你有帮助。

I wish that you will be happy every day.:-)

区别：①although和though同义，在一般情况下，可以互换使用。只是though较普遍，常用于非正式的口语或书面语中，而although则较为正式。另外although语气比though重，常用以强调让步概念。

e.g.Though/Although my car is very old, I don't want to buy a new one.虽然我的汽车很旧，但我不想买一辆新的。

He insisted on doing it although I warned him not to.虽然我警告他不要做，但他仍然坚持要做。

②even能和though组合表示强调，但even不能和although组合。因此，不能说even although,在这里even though=even if(no matter if;though即使„„也„„)

e.g.Even if/Even though we could afford it, we wouldn't go abroad for our vocation.即使我们付得起这笔钱，也不出国度假。

③当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时，通常用though,而不用although。

e.g.Though all the world were against me, I should still hold to my opinion.就算全世界都反对我，我还是坚持我的立场。Though everybody deserts you, I will not.即使所有人都抛弃你，我也不会的。

④though可以独立用作副词，常放在句末，意为all the same(还是；仍然)或however(可是；然而)，而although无此用法。

e.g.She didn't tell me what she had done, but I know it though.她没有告诉我她所做的事情，但我还是知道了。It's hard work.I enjoy it, though.工作很苦，可是我喜欢。

⑤though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装，而although从句则不能。e.g.Bravely though they fought, they had no chance of winning.虽然他们打得很勇敢，但还是没有机会获胜。

相同点：①在although和though引导的让步状语从句中，主句里不可用but,若要强调前后两部分的对比意义，可在主句前加yet或still。

e.g.Although/Though he has a lot of money, yet/still he is unhappy.他虽然有很多钱，但并不幸福。

②although和though引导让步状语从句时，常采用省略形式。

e.g.Although tired(=Although he was tired), he kept on working.虽然很疲劳，但他继续工作。

The problem, though complicated(=though it is complicated), can be solved without much difficulty.

第三篇：5、詹天佑导学析练

5、詹天佑

一、教材简析：

本文以人物的名字为题，记叙了詹天佑主持修筑第一条完全由我国的工程技术人员设计、施工的铁路干线，展现了一位杰出的爱国工程师的崇高形象。

二、教学目标：

1、自学生字，掌握“庸、藐、蔑、毅”等字的音、形；理解“要挟、毅然”等词语的意思。

2、学习根据课文的线索和找重点句归纳主要内容的方法。

3、从具体事例中体会感受詹天佑的爱国精神和杰出才能。

4、能有感情地朗读课文，借助文中对人物言行的描写感悟人物当时的心理感受。

三、教学重难点：

1、体会詹天佑的爱国热情和创新精神是本课的教学重点也是难点。

2、了解詹天佑修筑京张铁路遇到的各种困难；

3、通过具体事例体会詹天佑是“杰出的爱国工程师”。

四、教学准备：

学生：课前自读课文，自主识字、解词、默词，了解课文内容。

教师：

1、深入解读文本：查阅修筑京张铁路的背景资料、詹天佑的为人、事迹及成就。

2、设计配套的课件：教学课件、人字形演示课件。

五、教学时数：二课时

六、教学过程

第一课时

一、导

1、我们伟大的祖国有悠久的历史灿烂的文化，在五千年的历史长河中，有多少儿女一身正气，威武不屈。他们热爱祖国，用毕生的经历报效祖国。今天我们将走近深怀赤子之心的爱国人士，去感受中华儿女的爱国情怀。今天我们一起去了解爱国工程师詹天佑的事迹。

2、课题“詹天佑”

二、学 自学提示：

1、自读课文，并读准字音。

2、日积月累，词语解释。

3、课文记述了一件什么事？

4、借助搜集的资料，简介京张铁路。

5、划分段落，理清思路 学生自学、讨论，师巡视指导。

三、析

1、字音字形：

岔、施、铲、惹卷舌音； 挠鼻音N，劣边音L

2、日积月累，词语解释。

干线：交通线、电线、输送管（水管、输油管之类）等的主要路线（跟“支线”相对），课文指铁路的主要线路。

阻挠：阻止或暗中破坏使不能发展或成功。

要挟：利用对方的弱点，强迫对方答应自己的要求和条件。

轰动：一下子引起很多人注意。文中指詹天佑担任京张铁路总工程师一事在全国上下引起了极大的震动。

周密：周到而细密。一般指考虑问题、做计划或方案时，想得周到而细密，没有疏漏和错误。

经纬仪：测量角度用的仪器，由绕水平轴旋转的望远镜、垂直刻度盘和水平刻度盘构成。天文、地形和各种工程测量上广泛应用。

竣工：完工。一般指规模较大的工程。藐视：轻视、小看

3、课文记述了一件什么事？（詹天佑主持修筑京张铁路的事。）

4、简介京张铁路。

京张铁路连接北京丰台，经八达岭、居庸关、沙城、宣化至河北张家口，全长约200千米，1905年9月开工修建，于1909年建成。是中国首条不使用外国资金及人员，由中国人自行完成，投入营运的铁路。这条铁路工程艰巨。现为北京至包头铁路线的首段。京张铁路是清政府排除英国、俄国等殖民主义者的阻挠，委派詹天佑为京张铁路局总工程师（后兼任京张铁路局总办）。2009年是京张铁路一百年纪念，现代京张铁路沿线围绕旅游主题开发，有关方面还将京张铁路的申报文物保护单位，另外京张铁路的姊妹路京张城际铁路于2009年8月11日开工建设。

5、划分段落，理清思路

（一）（1）概括介绍詹天佑是我国杰出的爱国工程师。

（二）（2-3）介绍詹天佑主持修筑京张铁路的时代背景。

（三）（4-6）叙述詹天佑主持修筑京张铁路的过程（勘测线路、开凿隧道、设计线路）。

（四）（7）写京张铁路提前两年竣工及中国人民对詹天佑的怀念，点明事件的意义。

四、练

练习册、长江作业本。

第二课时

一、导

1、听写词语。

2、课文主要内容。

二、学 自学提示：

默读课文，思考下列问题：

1、京张铁路部是一条普通的铁路，可在当时它承载的是我们祖国的荣辱与安危啊，那么詹天佑是在什么情况下主持修筑这条铁路的呢？

2、在勘测线路的过程中遇到了什么困难，他是怎样想、怎样说的？

3、在开凿隧道的过程中遇到了什么困难，他是如何克服的？

4、同样是开凿隧道为什么采用两种不同的方法？詹天佑身上有哪些优秀的品质呢？ 学生自学、讨论，师巡视指导。

三、析：

A、京张铁路部是一条普通的铁路，可在当时它承载的是我们祖国的荣辱与安危啊，那么詹天佑是在什么情况下主持修筑这条铁路的呢？

1、当时，清朝政府刚提出修筑的计划，一些帝国主义国家就出来阻挠，他们都要争夺这条铁路的修筑权……

2、有一家外国报纸轻蔑地说：“能在南口以北修筑铁路的中国工程师还没有出世呢。” 3.过渡：从某种意义上说，铁路修筑权关系到名族，国家的命运。面对帝国主义的阻挠要挟和嘲笑，面对十分恶劣的自然环境，詹天佑不怕困难，也不怕嘲笑，依然接受马上开始勘测线路。B、勘测线路

在勘测线路的过程中遇到了什么困难，他是怎样想、怎样说的？

1、詹天佑经常勉励工作人员，说：“我们的工作首先要精密，不能有一点儿马虎。„大概‟„差不多‟这类说法不应该出自工程人员之口。”

2、遇到困难，他总是想：这是中国人自己修筑的第一条铁路，一定要把它修好；否则，不但惹那些外国人讥笑，还会使中国的工程师失掉信心。

C、开凿隧道

1、在开凿隧道的过程中遇到了什么困难，他是如何克服的？

2、开凿隧道的两种不同方法

① 两端凿进法

②中部凿进法

3、同样是开凿隧道为什么采用两种不同的方法？

詹天佑能针对实际情况，创造性地采用不同的方法来开凿隧道，使工期缩短一半，他真是一位一位拥有杰出的创造才能的工程师。

D、设计线路

1、在青龙桥又遇到了什么困难，他是怎样克服的？

坡度特别大，火车怎样才能爬上这样的陡坡呢？

2、顺着山势，设计了一种“人”字形线路。

3、人字型线路的设计又一次说明了什么？

人字型线路解决了火车爬陡坡的问题，这真是一个伟大的创举，詹天佑又一次用自己的创造才能征服了我们，在强烈的爱国主义精神驱动下，詹天佑凭借自己杰出的创造才能，使京张铁路提前两年就竣工了。

小结：詹天佑主持修筑的京张铁路提前两年全线竣工，用铁一般的事实证明了中国人的聪明才智，长了中国人的志气，灭了帝国主义的威风。

E、为什么说詹天佑是一位杰出的爱国工程师？詹天佑身上有哪些优秀的品质呢？ 詹天佑胸怀强烈的爱国热情，于危难中受命，顶住层层压力，克服重重困难，身先士卒，用自己杰出的创造才能成功地修筑了京张铁路，为维护祖国的尊严作出了杰出的贡献。他是中华的好儿女，是我们学习的好榜样！

热爱祖国

充满智慧 工作严谨

有顽强的毅力

以身作则

与工人同甘共苦

总结：詹天佑为中国人争了光，他是我们永远的骄傲！在中国近代，还有许多有志气的中国人，他们也为我们的国家争了光，他们也是我们的骄傲！

四、练

小练笔《当我站在詹天佑的塑像前》

第四篇：“导、学、析、练”四步教学法

“导、学、析、练”四步教学法培训心得

一、“导—学—析—练”四步教学模式解析

1、“导”：即导入、引导和指导。

（1）导入，采用不同的方法导出本节学习内容。

（2）引导，在整个学习过程中，在适当的时机加以引发诱导。

（3）指导，运用原理、寻找规律、抓住难点教会学习方法，进行点拨指导。

2、“学”：就是学生在教师指导的基础上，实行自主独立学习。通过对知识进行初步的感知，形成感性认识并能解决简单的问题。3.“析”。就是师生交流研究、生生互助合作的过程，是围绕学习目标进行质疑解惑的过程，是对已有知识的运用和对新知识的获取、生成、升华的过程。“ 析”是“导学析练”教学模式的核心。4.“练”。就是消化、巩固、检验的过程，是形成技能、技巧、实现知识迁移的过程，是运用知识解决问题、实践创新的过程。

二、实施“导学析练”的基本方法

1.导的过程中，要抓住四点：（1）检查预习，导入新课。（2）明确目的，揭示目标。（3）自主学习，出示指导。（4）答疑解惑，适时引导。2.学的过程中，要抓住三点：

（1）课前预习：a 独立预习（也可下发预习提纲）b 小组合作预习。

（2）课内学习：自主学习或合作学习。

（3）课外拓展：结合课内学习情况安排课外拓展内容。3.析的过程中，要抓住三点：

（1）组内解疑：解决自主学习中的疑难问题。（2）组间解疑：解决小组学习中提出的疑难问题。

（3）教师解疑：学生对重、难点内容理解不透彻或其它疑难，教师可进行质疑、启发、讲解，引导学生归纳出规律、方法、技巧。4.练的过程中，要抓住三点：

（1）基础知识检测。全员考查基础知识，实现基础知识当堂清。

（2）综合能力运用。巧设机关，步步为营，全方位多角度设计，进行学生的能力培养。（3）创新能力培养。根据学生年龄特点，创设最佳的教育契机，设计创新内容，实现教育的培优工作。

三、运用“导学析练”教学模式应注意的问题

1.要充分理解“导学析练”是为贯彻课程标准、实现自主探究式学习方法提供了一个正确的方向，而不是一成不变的机械的教学步骤。

2.应该在总体参照 “导学析练”方法的前提下，敢于拓宽思路，大胆取舍，灵活运用，继续创新，一切服从于实际效果。

3.“导学析练”教学模式在运用时，要灵活，不要生搬硬套，特别是要把握好“导”的尺度，“学”的深度，“析”的温度，“练”的广度。4.在学的环节中，教师必须给出一定时间让学生去自主学习和独立学习，以培养学生独立思考问题的能力和自学能力。5.在这里值得我们注意的是：“导、学、析、练“教学模式在操作上都不是独立存在的，它们是相互联系的，相互依存的，相互包含的。在“导”中也有“学”，也有“练”也有“析”；在“学”中也有“析”，也有引导、指导，也有“练”；在“议”中也有“学”，有应用知识解决问题的过程，也有引导、指导，也有“练”；在“练”中也有“析”，也有引导、指导，也有“学”。可以说不是固定不变的，要根据内容的不同有选择的运用。

6.培养学生的自学能力和探究学习能力及创新能力是“导、学、析、练”教学模式的核心。准确确定学习目标是“导、学、析、练”教学模式的关键。学习目标既是教师要掌握的、同时也是学生必须要明确的。是教学的方向、是课堂教学的归宿。没有学习目标的教学活动是盲目的教学活动，同时也会降低课堂教学效果。自学指导是运用“导、学、析、练”教学模式进行课堂教学活动的切入点，没有学法指导的教学活动，学生的学习会费时费力从而降低学习效率。

7.如果把“导、学、析、练”中的“导”作为课堂教学中的一个环节，其操作过程为：

①检查预习情况，对作业进行讲评，并导入新课。

②引导学生明确本节学习目标——给出学习目标。

③指导学生如何学习——给出自学指导

④在课堂教学进行中，教师根据学生学习情况要时时的对学生进行引导和指导。

8.请不要忽视“导”的这一部分内涵：

导趣（激发动机，引起兴趣）、导向（揭示目标，引导方向）、导疑（激起疑问，引发思维）、导法（指导方法，授以技能）、导馈（引导反馈，及时矫正）。

第五篇：完形填空与阅读理解天天练78Nov

完形填空与阅读理解天天练78Nov.14

During the month of September，a dear friend of mine lost her husband suddenly in an accident.The tragedy was ato everyone.When I got the news，I drove home 22 that we just don't know when a loved one is 23 going to be with us.We sometimes take our loved ones and we expect that they will be with us forever.，as we all know，life does not work thatand sometimes we get a wake up call that shocks us and Human beings have always been fascinated by twins.Romulus and Remus，Jacob and Esau，Mary-Kate and Ashley.As children，many of us imagine having a twin： a permanent playmate，a partner in trouble，someone who'd love us unconditionally.Somewhere out there is someone who is exactly like us！What would it feel like to look into a face exactly like our own？

And what if she suddenly appears in my life？ That's essentially what happened to Brooklyn writer Paula Bernstein.I'd known Paula slightly for years； she wrote a lovely essay for Redbook many years ago refuting(驳makes usand realize how short life is.In comforting her at the funeral，I tried to imagine if I was in her I ran into a Marilyn，who has been a true friend to me over the years.When she asked me how my job was，I startedthings through.I was having aweek with my job and I was telling her how I was feeling.She listened to me as I was shouting my，then without saying a word，she took her hands andthem on my face，and said to me，“But at least you had a day.”

Theof her hands on my cheeks，thein her voice，and the words she spoke，“BUT AT LEAST YOU HAD A DAY”，hit me like a ton of，all the stress that wasinside me came to a completeSince that day，when I start feeling，I remind myself of Marilyn's words－but at east I had a day！Things could be a lot but I am alive and I have a lot to be thankful for.21.A.symbolB.punishmentC.shock

D.warning 22.A.knowing

B.imaginingC.admiringD.realizing 23.A.for the momentB.no longerC.for everD.sooner or later 24.A.for grantedB.for mistakeC.for instanceD.for example 25.A.ThereforeB.AnyhowC.MeanwhileD.However 26.A.wayB.mannerC.methodD.direction 27.A.stand upB.stand byC.stand outD.stand back 28.A.clothesB.shoes

C.dressesD.trousers 29.A.meetingB.funeralC.receptionD.gathering 30.A.cuttingB.breakingC.talking

D.putting 31.A.stressfulB.wonderfulC.inspiringD.rewarding 32.A.successes

B.happinessC.frustrationsD.emotions 33.A.turnedB.placedC.attachedD.flashed 34.A.touchB.light

C.senseD.smell 35.A.blameB.coldnessC.calmnessD.pleasure 36.A.feathers

B.clothesC.grainsD.bricks 37.A.building upB.breaking upC.opening upD.bringing up 38.A.conclusionB.surpriseC.stopD.explosion 39.A.annoyedB.proudC.pleased

D.stressed 40.A.better

B.worse

C.lighter

D.heavier

斥)the persistent belief that all adoptees want to search for their birth parents.Her adoptive family was her family，she wrote； her adoptive mother was her mother.But then，an adoption agency called her and told her about the identical twin sister she didn't know she had.Her sister，Elyse Schein，wanted to meet her.I met them for coffee at Café Mogador，three years after their first meeting.Now 38，they have different haircuts，have made different choices in hair color，do their makeup differently.But they clearly look alike，with thick hair，upturned noses.They quickly discovered they had the same childhood habit of sucking their middle fingers，the same adult habit of forgetfully typing their thoughts on an invisible keyboard while thinking.Both edited their high school newspapers and studied film in college.Paula wrote film criticism； Elyse became a filmmaker.They both collected Alice in Wonderland dolls and kept them in the boxes.They're now regulars at Café Mogador.The women's journey from strangers to sisters has clearly been rocky.But as they got to know each other，and struggled to piece together their history，their search united them.“For me，the search began when I reached the age when my adoptive mother died，” Elyse said.“I realized that my birth mother could be dead.Time was passing.I was ready to solve the mystery that had shadowed my life.” Elyse had always felt a part of her was missing.“I'd felt so different from my adoptive family.” she said.Paula was raised in a more typical Jewish intellectual family，and was at first a little threatened by Elyse's appearance in her life.“My first response was both fear and excitement.The moment we met，I felt I was meeting my long-lost best friend.I could tell her anything.And then as that first excitement wore off，I thought，oh my God，I've committed to a long-term relationship with a stranger.I wished we hadn't been separated，but also that I hadn't been contacted.What would it mean to be in each other's lives？” 61.What is the main idea of the passage？

A.We are often attracted by twins because of the mystery.B.We always hope to have twins for much good.C.The long-lost twins，Paula and Elyse，were reunited.D.Life with twins is always wonderful.62.Which of the following can we infer is the least common names of twins according to the passage？

A.Romulus and Remus.B.Jacob and Esau.C.Mary-Kate and Ashley.D.Paula and Elyse.63.The underlined words “out of the blue” in the fourth paragraph can be replaced byA.unexpectedlyB.accidentallyC.oppositelyD.out of control 64.The fourth paragraph is obviously about.A.the first meeting of Paula and ElyseB.the clear differences between the twins C.the similarities between the twinsD.the different experiences of the twins 65.It can be inferred that the following paragraph of the passage will talk aboutA.how Paula and Elyse found each otherB.how Paula and Elyse were separated when young C.what their mothers were like

D.their mixed feelings when they saw each other